feat: adds regex_extract function and more type tests (#7107)

* feat: adds format, regex_extract function and more type tests

Signed-off-by: Dennis Zhuang <killme2008@gmail.com>

* fix: forgot functions

Signed-off-by: Dennis Zhuang <killme2008@gmail.com>

* chore: forgot null type

Signed-off-by: Dennis Zhuang <killme2008@gmail.com>

* test: forgot date type

Signed-off-by: Dennis Zhuang <killme2008@gmail.com>

* feat: remove format function

Signed-off-by: Dennis Zhuang <killme2008@gmail.com>

* test: update results after upgrading datafusion

Signed-off-by: Dennis Zhuang <killme2008@gmail.com>

---------

Signed-off-by: Dennis Zhuang <killme2008@gmail.com>

tests/cases/standalone/common/sample/basic_sample.result

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+-- Migrated from DuckDB test: test/sql/sample/same_seed_same_sample.test
+-- FIXME: the results are wrong in this test, waits for https://github.com/apache/datafusion/pull/16325
+-- Test basic SAMPLE functionality
+-- Create test table
+CREATE TABLE test(x INTEGER, ts TIMESTAMP TIME INDEX);
+
+Affected Rows: 0
+
+-- Insert test data
+INSERT INTO test SELECT number, number * 1000 FROM numbers limit 10000;
+
+Affected Rows: 10000
+
+-- Test TABLESAMPLE with percentage
+SELECT COUNT(*) > 0 FROM test TABLESAMPLE (10 PERCENT);
+
++---------------------+
+| count(*) > Int64(0) |
++---------------------+
+| true                |
++---------------------+
+
+-- Test TABLESAMPLE with row count
+SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test TABLESAMPLE (100 ROWS);
+
++----------+
+| count(*) |
++----------+
+| 10000    |
++----------+
+
+-- Test TABLESAMPLE SYSTEM
+SELECT COUNT(*) > 0 FROM test TABLESAMPLE SYSTEM (25 PERCENT);
+
++---------------------+
+| count(*) > Int64(0) |
++---------------------+
+| true                |
++---------------------+
+
+-- Test TABLESAMPLE BERNOULLI
+SELECT COUNT(*) > 0 FROM test TABLESAMPLE BERNOULLI (25 PERCENT);
+
++---------------------+
+| count(*) > Int64(0) |
++---------------------+
+| true                |
++---------------------+
+
+-- Test with REPEATABLE for consistent results
+SELECT COUNT(*) AS cnt1 FROM test TABLESAMPLE SYSTEM (10 PERCENT) REPEATABLE (42);
+
++-------+
+| cnt1  |
++-------+
+| 10000 |
++-------+
+
+SELECT COUNT(*) AS cnt2 FROM test TABLESAMPLE SYSTEM (10 PERCENT) REPEATABLE (42);
+
++-------+
+| cnt2  |
++-------+
+| 10000 |
++-------+
+
+-- Test sampling with WHERE clause
+SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test TABLESAMPLE (10 PERCENT) WHERE x > 5000;
+
++----------+
+| count(*) |
++----------+
+| 4999     |
++----------+
+
+-- Test sampling with ORDER BY
+SELECT x FROM test TABLESAMPLE (5 ROWS) ORDER BY x LIMIT 5;
+
++---+
+| x |
++---+
+| 0 |
+| 1 |
+| 2 |
+| 3 |
+| 4 |
++---+
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP TABLE test;
+
+Affected Rows: 0
+

tests/cases/standalone/common/sample/basic_sample.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+-- Migrated from DuckDB test: test/sql/sample/same_seed_same_sample.test
+-- FIXME: the results are wrong in this test, waits for https://github.com/apache/datafusion/pull/16325
+-- Test basic SAMPLE functionality
+
+-- Create test table
+CREATE TABLE test(x INTEGER, ts TIMESTAMP TIME INDEX);
+
+-- Insert test data
+INSERT INTO test SELECT number, number * 1000 FROM numbers limit 10000;
+
+-- Test TABLESAMPLE with percentage
+SELECT COUNT(*) > 0 FROM test TABLESAMPLE (10 PERCENT);
+
+-- Test TABLESAMPLE with row count
+SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test TABLESAMPLE (100 ROWS);
+
+-- Test TABLESAMPLE SYSTEM
+SELECT COUNT(*) > 0 FROM test TABLESAMPLE SYSTEM (25 PERCENT);
+
+-- Test TABLESAMPLE BERNOULLI
+SELECT COUNT(*) > 0 FROM test TABLESAMPLE BERNOULLI (25 PERCENT);
+
+-- Test with REPEATABLE for consistent results
+SELECT COUNT(*) AS cnt1 FROM test TABLESAMPLE SYSTEM (10 PERCENT) REPEATABLE (42);
+
+SELECT COUNT(*) AS cnt2 FROM test TABLESAMPLE SYSTEM (10 PERCENT) REPEATABLE (42);
+
+-- Test sampling with WHERE clause
+SELECT COUNT(*) FROM test TABLESAMPLE (10 PERCENT) WHERE x > 5000;
+
+-- Test sampling with ORDER BY
+SELECT x FROM test TABLESAMPLE (5 ROWS) ORDER BY x LIMIT 5;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP TABLE test;