feat: introduce TableRouteCache to PartitionRuleManager (#3922)

* chore: add `CompositeTableRouteCacheRef` to `PartitionRuleManager`

* chore: update comments

* fix: add metrics for `get`

* chore: apply suggestions from CR

* chore: correct cache name

* feat: implement `LayeredCacheRegistry`

* fix: invalidate logical tables by physical table id

* refactor: replace `CacheRegistry` with `LayeredCacheRegistry`

* chore: update comments

* chore: apply suggestions from CR

* chore: fix fmt

* refactor: use `TableRouteCache` instead

* chore: apply suggestions from CR

* chore: fix clippy

Cargo.lock

@@ -1223,8 +1223,11 @@ name = "cache"
 version = "0.7.2"
 dependencies = [
  "catalog",
+ "common-error",
+ "common-macro",
  "common-meta",
  "moka",
+ "snafu 0.8.2",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -6626,6 +6629,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "meta-client",
  "meter-core",
  "meter-macros",
+ "moka",
  "object-store",
  "partition",
  "path-slash",