diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index d99b1516b..2d626f9bf 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -3588,8 +3588,8 @@ checksum = "42703706b716c37f96a77aea830392ad231f44c9e9a67872fa5548707e11b11c"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "fsst"
-version = "13.0.0-beta.15"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v13.0.0-beta.15#db53dcf367088b32ae3a7461407d43593759ae3e"
+version = "13.0.0-beta.18"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v13.0.0-beta.18#b646eda6a891f481b6f6d6baef9cd17656aef65b"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow-array",
  "rand 0.9.5",
@@ -5143,8 +5143,8 @@ checksum = "e037a2e1d8d5fdbd49b16a4ea09d5d6401c1f29eca5ff29d03d3824dba16256a"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance"
-version = "13.0.0-beta.15"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v13.0.0-beta.15#db53dcf367088b32ae3a7461407d43593759ae3e"
+version = "13.0.0-beta.18"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v13.0.0-beta.18#b646eda6a891f481b6f6d6baef9cd17656aef65b"
 dependencies = [
  "arc-swap",
  "arrow",
@@ -5217,7 +5217,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-arrow"
-version = "13.0.0-beta.15"
+version = "13.0.0-beta.18"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow-array",
  "arrow-buffer",
@@ -5239,7 +5239,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-arrow-scalar"
 version = "58.0.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v13.0.0-beta.15#db53dcf367088b32ae3a7461407d43593759ae3e"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v13.0.0-beta.18#b646eda6a891f481b6f6d6baef9cd17656aef65b"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow-array",
  "arrow-buffer",
@@ -5253,7 +5253,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-arrow-stats"
 version = "58.0.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v13.0.0-beta.15#db53dcf367088b32ae3a7461407d43593759ae3e"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v13.0.0-beta.18#b646eda6a891f481b6f6d6baef9cd17656aef65b"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow-array",
  "arrow-schema",
@@ -5262,8 +5262,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-bitpacking"
-version = "13.0.0-beta.15"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v13.0.0-beta.15#db53dcf367088b32ae3a7461407d43593759ae3e"
+version = "13.0.0-beta.18"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v13.0.0-beta.18#b646eda6a891f481b6f6d6baef9cd17656aef65b"
 dependencies = [
  "arrayref",
  "crunchy",
@@ -5273,8 +5273,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-core"
-version = "13.0.0-beta.15"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v13.0.0-beta.15#db53dcf367088b32ae3a7461407d43593759ae3e"
+version = "13.0.0-beta.18"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v13.0.0-beta.18#b646eda6a891f481b6f6d6baef9cd17656aef65b"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow-array",
  "arrow-buffer",
@@ -5311,8 +5311,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-datafusion"
-version = "13.0.0-beta.15"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v13.0.0-beta.15#db53dcf367088b32ae3a7461407d43593759ae3e"
+version = "13.0.0-beta.18"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v13.0.0-beta.18#b646eda6a891f481b6f6d6baef9cd17656aef65b"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow",
  "arrow-array",
@@ -5343,8 +5343,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-datagen"
-version = "13.0.0-beta.15"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v13.0.0-beta.15#db53dcf367088b32ae3a7461407d43593759ae3e"
+version = "13.0.0-beta.18"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v13.0.0-beta.18#b646eda6a891f481b6f6d6baef9cd17656aef65b"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow",
  "arrow-array",
@@ -5361,8 +5361,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-derive"
-version = "13.0.0-beta.15"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v13.0.0-beta.15#db53dcf367088b32ae3a7461407d43593759ae3e"
+version = "13.0.0-beta.18"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v13.0.0-beta.18#b646eda6a891f481b6f6d6baef9cd17656aef65b"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
@@ -5371,8 +5371,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-encoding"
-version = "13.0.0-beta.15"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v13.0.0-beta.15#db53dcf367088b32ae3a7461407d43593759ae3e"
+version = "13.0.0-beta.18"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v13.0.0-beta.18#b646eda6a891f481b6f6d6baef9cd17656aef65b"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow-arith",
  "arrow-array",
@@ -5405,8 +5405,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-file"
-version = "13.0.0-beta.15"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v13.0.0-beta.15#db53dcf367088b32ae3a7461407d43593759ae3e"
+version = "13.0.0-beta.18"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v13.0.0-beta.18#b646eda6a891f481b6f6d6baef9cd17656aef65b"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow-arith",
  "arrow-array",
@@ -5438,8 +5438,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-geo"
-version = "13.0.0-beta.15"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v13.0.0-beta.15#db53dcf367088b32ae3a7461407d43593759ae3e"
+version = "13.0.0-beta.18"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v13.0.0-beta.18#b646eda6a891f481b6f6d6baef9cd17656aef65b"
 dependencies = [
  "datafusion",
  "geo-traits",
@@ -5453,8 +5453,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-index"
-version = "13.0.0-beta.15"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v13.0.0-beta.15#db53dcf367088b32ae3a7461407d43593759ae3e"
+version = "13.0.0-beta.18"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v13.0.0-beta.18#b646eda6a891f481b6f6d6baef9cd17656aef65b"
 dependencies = [
  "arc-swap",
  "arrow",
@@ -5524,8 +5524,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-index-core"
-version = "13.0.0-beta.15"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v13.0.0-beta.15#db53dcf367088b32ae3a7461407d43593759ae3e"
+version = "13.0.0-beta.18"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v13.0.0-beta.18#b646eda6a891f481b6f6d6baef9cd17656aef65b"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow-array",
  "arrow-schema",
@@ -5548,8 +5548,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-io"
-version = "13.0.0-beta.15"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v13.0.0-beta.15#db53dcf367088b32ae3a7461407d43593759ae3e"
+version = "13.0.0-beta.18"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v13.0.0-beta.18#b646eda6a891f481b6f6d6baef9cd17656aef65b"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow",
  "arrow-array",
@@ -5591,8 +5591,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-linalg"
-version = "13.0.0-beta.15"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v13.0.0-beta.15#db53dcf367088b32ae3a7461407d43593759ae3e"
+version = "13.0.0-beta.18"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v13.0.0-beta.18#b646eda6a891f481b6f6d6baef9cd17656aef65b"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow-array",
  "arrow-schema",
@@ -5606,8 +5606,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-namespace"
-version = "13.0.0-beta.15"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v13.0.0-beta.15#db53dcf367088b32ae3a7461407d43593759ae3e"
+version = "13.0.0-beta.18"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v13.0.0-beta.18#b646eda6a891f481b6f6d6baef9cd17656aef65b"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow",
  "async-trait",
@@ -5621,9 +5621,10 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-namespace-impls"
-version = "13.0.0-beta.15"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v13.0.0-beta.15#db53dcf367088b32ae3a7461407d43593759ae3e"
+version = "13.0.0-beta.18"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v13.0.0-beta.18#b646eda6a891f481b6f6d6baef9cd17656aef65b"
 dependencies = [
+ "arc-swap",
  "arrow",
  "arrow-ipc",
  "arrow-schema",
@@ -5675,8 +5676,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-select"
-version = "13.0.0-beta.15"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v13.0.0-beta.15#db53dcf367088b32ae3a7461407d43593759ae3e"
+version = "13.0.0-beta.18"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v13.0.0-beta.18#b646eda6a891f481b6f6d6baef9cd17656aef65b"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow-array",
  "arrow-buffer",
@@ -5690,8 +5691,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-table"
-version = "13.0.0-beta.15"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v13.0.0-beta.15#db53dcf367088b32ae3a7461407d43593759ae3e"
+version = "13.0.0-beta.18"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v13.0.0-beta.18#b646eda6a891f481b6f6d6baef9cd17656aef65b"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow",
  "arrow-array",
@@ -5731,8 +5732,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-testing"
-version = "13.0.0-beta.15"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v13.0.0-beta.15#db53dcf367088b32ae3a7461407d43593759ae3e"
+version = "13.0.0-beta.18"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v13.0.0-beta.18#b646eda6a891f481b6f6d6baef9cd17656aef65b"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow-array",
  "arrow-schema",
@@ -5745,8 +5746,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-tokenizer"
-version = "13.0.0-beta.15"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v13.0.0-beta.15#db53dcf367088b32ae3a7461407d43593759ae3e"
+version = "13.0.0-beta.18"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v13.0.0-beta.18#b646eda6a891f481b6f6d6baef9cd17656aef65b"
 dependencies = [
  "frostem",
  "icu_segmenter",
diff --git a/Cargo.toml b/Cargo.toml
index 80db57ec9..4aa1da696 100644
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -13,20 +13,20 @@ categories = ["database-implementations"]
 rust-version = "1.91.0"
 
 [workspace.dependencies]
-lance = { "version" = "=13.0.0-beta.15", default-features = false, "tag" = "v13.0.0-beta.15", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-core = { "version" = "=13.0.0-beta.15", "tag" = "v13.0.0-beta.15", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-datagen = { "version" = "=13.0.0-beta.15", "tag" = "v13.0.0-beta.15", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-file = { "version" = "=13.0.0-beta.15", "tag" = "v13.0.0-beta.15", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-io = { "version" = "=13.0.0-beta.15", default-features = false, "tag" = "v13.0.0-beta.15", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-index = { "version" = "=13.0.0-beta.15", "tag" = "v13.0.0-beta.15", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-linalg = { "version" = "=13.0.0-beta.15", "tag" = "v13.0.0-beta.15", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-namespace = { "version" = "=13.0.0-beta.15", "tag" = "v13.0.0-beta.15", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-namespace-impls = { "version" = "=13.0.0-beta.15", default-features = false, "tag" = "v13.0.0-beta.15", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-table = { "version" = "=13.0.0-beta.15", "tag" = "v13.0.0-beta.15", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-testing = { "version" = "=13.0.0-beta.15", "tag" = "v13.0.0-beta.15", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-datafusion = { "version" = "=13.0.0-beta.15", "tag" = "v13.0.0-beta.15", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-encoding = { "version" = "=13.0.0-beta.15", "tag" = "v13.0.0-beta.15", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-arrow = { version = "=13.0.0-beta.15", path = "python/vendor/lance-arrow" }
+lance = { "version" = "=13.0.0-beta.18", default-features = false, "tag" = "v13.0.0-beta.18", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-core = { "version" = "=13.0.0-beta.18", "tag" = "v13.0.0-beta.18", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-datagen = { "version" = "=13.0.0-beta.18", "tag" = "v13.0.0-beta.18", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-file = { "version" = "=13.0.0-beta.18", "tag" = "v13.0.0-beta.18", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-io = { "version" = "=13.0.0-beta.18", default-features = false, "tag" = "v13.0.0-beta.18", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-index = { "version" = "=13.0.0-beta.18", "tag" = "v13.0.0-beta.18", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-linalg = { "version" = "=13.0.0-beta.18", "tag" = "v13.0.0-beta.18", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-namespace = { "version" = "=13.0.0-beta.18", "tag" = "v13.0.0-beta.18", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-namespace-impls = { "version" = "=13.0.0-beta.18", default-features = false, "tag" = "v13.0.0-beta.18", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-table = { "version" = "=13.0.0-beta.18", "tag" = "v13.0.0-beta.18", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-testing = { "version" = "=13.0.0-beta.18", "tag" = "v13.0.0-beta.18", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-datafusion = { "version" = "=13.0.0-beta.18", "tag" = "v13.0.0-beta.18", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-encoding = { "version" = "=13.0.0-beta.18", "tag" = "v13.0.0-beta.18", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-arrow = { version = "=13.0.0-beta.18", path = "python/vendor/lance-arrow" }
 lancedb = { path = "rust/lancedb", default-features = false }
 ahash = "0.8"
 # Note that this one does not include pyarrow
diff --git a/docs/src/js/classes/Table.md b/docs/src/js/classes/Table.md
index a8c382c27..17e2d4f34 100644
--- a/docs/src/js/classes/Table.md
+++ b/docs/src/js/classes/Table.md
@@ -548,6 +548,10 @@ Bytes for `column` at row IDs from [Query.withRowId](Query.md#withrowid).
 Reads the table's current checkout. IDs from another version can fail after
 compaction unless stable row ids are enabled. Results keep input order and
 duplicates. Null blobs are `null`. Empty blobs are empty buffers.
+Remote servers limit each request to 1024 row IDs and 64 MiB of blob bytes.
+The client splits requests automatically and reads an individual larger
+blob through the Range route. This method still materializes all bytes in
+memory; use [Table.fetchBlobFiles](Table.md#fetchblobfiles) for large values.
 
 #### Parameters
 
diff --git a/docs/src/js/interfaces/AddDataOptions.md b/docs/src/js/interfaces/AddDataOptions.md
index 6976787f0..eb10fdb0f 100644
--- a/docs/src/js/interfaces/AddDataOptions.md
+++ b/docs/src/js/interfaces/AddDataOptions.md
@@ -10,6 +10,22 @@ Options for adding data to a table.
 
 ## Properties
 
+### allowExternalBlobOutsideBases?
+
+```ts
+optional allowExternalBlobOutsideBases: boolean;
+```
+
+Whether blob URIs outside registered external bases may be written.
+
+Defaults to `false`. This option is supported only for local/native
+tables; remote tables return an error when it is enabled. An enabled write
+stores the absolute URI reference without registering a base or copying
+the external object into the database. The object must remain accessible
+when the blob is read later.
+
+***
+
 ### mode
 
 ```ts
diff --git a/java/pom.xml b/java/pom.xml
index 752dacefd..7b9009ccd 100644
--- a/java/pom.xml
+++ b/java/pom.xml
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
     <properties>
         <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
         <arrow.version>15.0.0</arrow.version>
-        <lance-core.version>13.0.0-beta.14</lance-core.version>
+        <lance-core.version>13.0.0-beta.18</lance-core.version>
         <spotless.skip>false</spotless.skip>
         <spotless.version>2.30.0</spotless.version>
         <spotless.java.googlejavaformat.version>1.7</spotless.java.googlejavaformat.version>
diff --git a/nodejs/__test__/remote.test.ts b/nodejs/__test__/remote.test.ts
index cb0047f37..898ba533e 100644
--- a/nodejs/__test__/remote.test.ts
+++ b/nodejs/__test__/remote.test.ts
@@ -85,6 +85,69 @@ async function withMockDatabase(
 }
 
 describe("remote connection", () => {
+  it("rejects the external blob opt-in without blocking regular adds", async () => {
+    let insertRequests = 0;
+    const describeRequests: string[] = [];
+
+    await withMockDatabase(
+      (req, res) => {
+        const requestPath = req.url ?? "";
+        if (requestPath.endsWith("/describe/")) {
+          describeRequests.push(requestPath);
+          res.writeHead(200, { "Content-Type": "application/json" }).end(
+            JSON.stringify({
+              name: "items",
+              version: 1,
+              schema: {
+                fields: [
+                  {
+                    name: "id",
+                    type: { type: "int64" },
+                    nullable: true,
+                  },
+                ],
+              },
+            }),
+          );
+          return;
+        }
+        if (requestPath.endsWith("/insert/")) {
+          insertRequests++;
+          req.resume();
+          req.on("end", () => {
+            res
+              .writeHead(200, { "Content-Type": "application/json" })
+              .end(JSON.stringify({ version: insertRequests + 1 }));
+          });
+          return;
+        }
+        res.writeHead(404).end();
+      },
+      async (db) => {
+        const table = await db.openTable("items");
+
+        await expect(
+          table.add([{ id: 1n }], {
+            allowExternalBlobOutsideBases: true,
+          }),
+        ).rejects.toThrow("only supported on local tables");
+        expect(insertRequests).toBe(0);
+
+        await expect(table.add([{ id: 2n }])).resolves.toMatchObject({
+          version: 2,
+        });
+        await expect(
+          table.add([{ id: 3n }], {
+            allowExternalBlobOutsideBases: false,
+          }),
+        ).resolves.toMatchObject({ version: 3 });
+      },
+    );
+
+    expect(describeRequests.length).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+    expect(insertRequests).toBe(2);
+  });
+
   it("lists materialized views through the namespace route", async () => {
     await withMockDatabase(
       (req, res) => {
diff --git a/nodejs/__test__/table.test.ts b/nodejs/__test__/table.test.ts
index ac8904c16..ae257455d 100644
--- a/nodejs/__test__/table.test.ts
+++ b/nodejs/__test__/table.test.ts
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright The LanceDB Authors
 
 import * as fs from "fs";
+import { pathToFileURL } from "node:url";
 import * as path from "path";
 import * as tmp from "tmp";
 
@@ -416,6 +417,26 @@ describe.each([arrow15, arrow16, arrow17, arrow18])(
       expect(await table.countRows("id == 10")).toBe(1);
     });
 
+    it("should let me update float values to NaN and Infinity", async () => {
+      const db = await connect(tmpDir.name);
+      const floats = await db.createTable("floats", [
+        { id: 1, price: 1.5 },
+        { id: 2, price: 2.5 },
+        { id: 3, price: 3.5 },
+        { id: 4, price: 4.5 },
+      ]);
+      await floats.update({ values: { price: NaN }, where: "id = 1" });
+      await floats.update({ values: { price: Infinity }, where: "id = 2" });
+      await floats.update({ values: { price: -Infinity }, where: "id = 3" });
+
+      const rows = await floats.query().toArray();
+      const price = (id: number) => rows.find((row) => row.id === id).price;
+      expect(price(1)).toBeNaN();
+      expect(price(2)).toBe(Infinity);
+      expect(price(3)).toBe(-Infinity);
+      expect(price(4)).toBe(4.5);
+    });
+
     // https://github.com/lancedb/lancedb/issues/1293
     test.each([new arrow.Float16(), new arrow.Float32(), new arrow.Float64()])(
       "can create empty table with non default float type: %s",
@@ -2429,6 +2450,118 @@ describe("when dealing with blob columns", () => {
     await expect(table.countRows()).resolves.toBe(0);
   });
 
+  it("requires an explicit opt-in for blob URIs outside registered bases", async () => {
+    const { table, uri } = await openExternalBlobTable();
+
+    await expect(table.add([{ id: 1n, payload: uri }])).rejects.toThrow(
+      "allow_external_blob_outside_bases",
+    );
+    await expect(table.countRows()).resolves.toBe(0);
+
+    await expect(
+      table.add([{ id: 2n, payload: uri }], {
+        allowExternalBlobOutsideBases: false,
+      }),
+    ).rejects.toThrow("allow_external_blob_outside_bases");
+    await expect(table.countRows()).resolves.toBe(0);
+  });
+
+  it.each([
+    ["URI string", (uri: string) => uri],
+    ["URI struct", (uri: string) => ({ uri })],
+  ])(
+    "round-trips an external blob from a %s after reopening",
+    async (_label, blobValue) => {
+      const { db, table, uri, payload } = await openExternalBlobTable();
+
+      const result = await table.add([{ id: 1n, payload: blobValue(uri) }], {
+        allowExternalBlobOutsideBases: true,
+      });
+      expect(result.version).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+      await expect(table.countRows()).resolves.toBe(1);
+
+      table.close();
+      const reopened = await db.openTable("external_blobs");
+      const rows = await reopened.query().withRowId().toArray();
+      expect(rows).toHaveLength(1);
+      expect(rows[0].payload.blob_uri).toBe(uri);
+      const bytes = await reopened.fetchBlobs("payload", [
+        rows[0]._rowid as bigint,
+      ]);
+      expect(bytes[0]).toEqual(payload);
+    },
+  );
+
+  it("applies the external blob opt-in to Arrow table input", async () => {
+    const { table, schema, uri, payload } = await openExternalBlobTable();
+    const input = makeArrowTable([{ id: 1n, payload: uri }], { schema });
+
+    const result = await table.add(input, {
+      allowExternalBlobOutsideBases: true,
+    });
+
+    expect(result.version).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+    const rows = await table.query().withRowId().toArray();
+    expect(rows[0].payload.blob_uri).toBe(uri);
+    const bytes = await table.fetchBlobs("payload", [rows[0]._rowid as bigint]);
+    expect(bytes[0]).toEqual(payload);
+  });
+
+  it("applies the external blob opt-in only to the current add", async () => {
+    const { table, uri } = await openExternalBlobTable();
+
+    await table.add([{ id: 1n, payload: uri }], {
+      allowExternalBlobOutsideBases: true,
+    });
+    await expect(table.countRows()).resolves.toBe(1);
+
+    await expect(table.add([{ id: 2n, payload: uri }])).rejects.toThrow(
+      "allow_external_blob_outside_bases",
+    );
+    await expect(table.countRows()).resolves.toBe(1);
+  });
+
+  it("supports progress and overwrite with the external blob opt-in", async () => {
+    const { table, uri, payload } = await openExternalBlobTable();
+    await table.add([{ id: 1n, payload: Buffer.from("old") }]);
+
+    let resolveFinal!: (progress: import("../lancedb").WriteProgress) => void;
+    let rejectFinal!: (error: Error) => void;
+    const finalProgress = new Promise<import("../lancedb").WriteProgress>(
+      (resolve, reject) => {
+        resolveFinal = resolve;
+        rejectFinal = reject;
+      },
+    );
+    const timeout = setTimeout(
+      () => rejectFinal(new Error("timed out waiting for final progress")),
+      5_000,
+    );
+    try {
+      const result = await table.add([{ id: 2n, payload: uri }], {
+        mode: "overwrite",
+        allowExternalBlobOutsideBases: true,
+        progress: (progress) => {
+          if (progress.done) {
+            resolveFinal(progress);
+          }
+        },
+      });
+      expect(result.version).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+      const progress = await finalProgress;
+      expect(progress.outputRows).toBe(1);
+      expect(progress.totalRows).toBe(1);
+    } finally {
+      clearTimeout(timeout);
+    }
+
+    const rows = await table.query().withRowId().toArray();
+    expect(rows).toHaveLength(1);
+    expect(rows[0].id).toBe(2n);
+    const bytes = await table.fetchBlobs("payload", [rows[0]._rowid as bigint]);
+    expect(bytes[0]).toEqual(payload);
+  });
+
   it("discovers blob columns", async () => {
     const { table } = await openBlobTable();
     expect(await table.blobColumns()).toEqual(["image"]);
@@ -2688,6 +2821,20 @@ describe("when dealing with blob columns", () => {
     const rowIds = [1, 2, 3].map((id) => rowIdById.get(id)!);
     return { table, rowIds, alpha, beta };
   }
+
+  async function openExternalBlobTable() {
+    const db = await connect(path.join(tmpDir.name, "db"));
+    const payload = Buffer.from("external-payload");
+    const payloadPath = path.join(tmpDir.name, "payload.bin");
+    fs.writeFileSync(payloadPath, payload);
+    const uri = pathToFileURL(payloadPath).href;
+    const schema = new Schema([
+      new Field("id", new Int64(), true),
+      blob("payload"),
+    ]);
+    const table = await db.createEmptyTable("external_blobs", schema);
+    return { db, table, schema, uri, payload };
+  }
 });
 
 describe("when dealing with tags", () => {
diff --git a/nodejs/__test__/util.test.ts b/nodejs/__test__/util.test.ts
index 802f8ed4d..d7e489f73 100644
--- a/nodejs/__test__/util.test.ts
+++ b/nodejs/__test__/util.test.ts
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@ test.each([
   [new ArrayBuffer(8), "X'0000000000000000'"],
   [Buffer.from("hello"), "X'68656c6c6f'"],
   ["Hello 'world'", "'Hello ''world'''"],
+  [NaN, "CAST('NaN' AS DOUBLE)"],
+  [Infinity, "CAST('Infinity' AS DOUBLE)"],
+  [-Infinity, "CAST('-Infinity' AS DOUBLE)"],
 ])("toSQL(%p) === %p", (value, expected) => {
   expect(toSQL(value)).toBe(expected);
 });
diff --git a/nodejs/lancedb/table.ts b/nodejs/lancedb/table.ts
index a098322a9..132e8bc20 100644
--- a/nodejs/lancedb/table.ts
+++ b/nodejs/lancedb/table.ts
@@ -124,6 +124,17 @@ export interface AddDataOptions {
    * ```
    */
   progress: (progress: WriteProgress) => void;
+
+  /**
+   * Whether blob URIs outside registered external bases may be written.
+   *
+   * Defaults to `false`. This option is supported only for local/native
+   * tables; remote tables return an error when it is enabled. An enabled write
+   * stores the absolute URI reference without registering a base or copying
+   * the external object into the database. The object must remain accessible
+   * when the blob is read later.
+   */
+  allowExternalBlobOutsideBases?: boolean;
 }
 
 export interface UpdateOptions {
@@ -526,6 +537,10 @@ export abstract class Table {
    * Reads the table's current checkout. IDs from another version can fail after
    * compaction unless stable row ids are enabled. Results keep input order and
    * duplicates. Null blobs are `null`. Empty blobs are empty buffers.
+   * Remote servers limit each request to 1024 row IDs and 64 MiB of blob bytes.
+   * The client splits requests automatically and reads an individual larger
+   * blob through the Range route. This method still materializes all bytes in
+   * memory; use {@link Table.fetchBlobFiles} for large values.
    */
   abstract fetchBlobs(
     column: string,
@@ -1091,7 +1106,12 @@ export class LocalTable extends Table {
           }
         }
       : undefined;
-    return await this.inner.add(buffer, mode, progress);
+    return await this.inner.add(
+      buffer,
+      mode,
+      progress,
+      options?.allowExternalBlobOutsideBases,
+    );
   }
 
   async update(
diff --git a/nodejs/lancedb/util.ts b/nodejs/lancedb/util.ts
index 9219f3d1d..5127a1c7f 100644
--- a/nodejs/lancedb/util.ts
+++ b/nodejs/lancedb/util.ts
@@ -15,6 +15,14 @@ export function toSQL(value: IntoSql): string {
   if (typeof value === "string") {
     return `'${value.replace(/'/g, "''")}'`;
   } else if (typeof value === "number") {
+    // toString() gives "NaN" / "Infinity", which SQL reads as column names.
+    if (Number.isNaN(value)) {
+      return "CAST('NaN' AS DOUBLE)";
+    } else if (!Number.isFinite(value)) {
+      return value > 0
+        ? "CAST('Infinity' AS DOUBLE)"
+        : "CAST('-Infinity' AS DOUBLE)";
+    }
     return value.toString();
   } else if (typeof value === "boolean") {
     return value ? "TRUE" : "FALSE";
diff --git a/nodejs/src/query.rs b/nodejs/src/query.rs
index f9fe91d35..f542fe856 100644
--- a/nodejs/src/query.rs
+++ b/nodejs/src/query.rs
@@ -658,6 +658,7 @@ impl JsFullTextQuery {
             FtsQuery::Phrase(_) => "phrase".to_string(),
             FtsQuery::Boost(_) => "boost".to_string(),
             FtsQuery::MultiMatch(_) => "multi_match".to_string(),
+            FtsQuery::CombinedFields(_) => "combined_fields".to_string(),
             FtsQuery::Boolean(_) => "boolean".to_string(),
         }
     }
diff --git a/nodejs/src/table.rs b/nodejs/src/table.rs
index fa74c20dc..d381d98e5 100644
--- a/nodejs/src/table.rs
+++ b/nodejs/src/table.rs
@@ -74,13 +74,14 @@ impl Table {
 
     #[napi(
         catch_unwind,
-        ts_args_type = "buf: Buffer, mode: string, progressCallback?: (progress: WriteProgressInfo) => void"
+        ts_args_type = "buf: Buffer, mode: string, progressCallback?: (progress: WriteProgressInfo) => void, allowExternalBlobOutsideBases?: boolean"
     )]
     pub async fn add(
         &self,
         buf: Buffer,
         mode: String,
         progress_callback: Option<ProgressFn>,
+        allow_external_blob_outside_bases: Option<bool>,
     ) -> napi::Result<AddResult> {
         let batches = ipc_file_to_batches(buf.to_vec())
             .map_err(|e| napi::Error::from_reason(format!("Failed to read IPC file: {}", e)))?;
@@ -105,6 +106,9 @@ impl Table {
             return Err(napi::Error::from_reason(format!("Invalid mode: {}", mode)));
         };
 
+        op = op
+            .allow_external_blob_outside_bases(allow_external_blob_outside_bases.unwrap_or(false));
+
         if let Some(tsfn) = progress_callback {
             op = op.progress(move |p| {
                 // NonBlocking: dispatch onto the JS event loop without
diff --git a/python/python/lancedb/query.py b/python/python/lancedb/query.py
index c42344ad3..db213ac71 100644
--- a/python/python/lancedb/query.py
+++ b/python/python/lancedb/query.py
@@ -2296,7 +2296,7 @@ class LanceHybridQueryBuilder(LanceQueryBuilder):
             norm=self._norm,
             fts_query=self._fts_query._query,
             reranker=self._reranker,
-            limit=self._limit,
+            limit=self._limit or DEFAULT_HYBRID_LIMIT,
             with_row_ids=True,
             offset=self._offset,
         )
@@ -2748,13 +2748,13 @@ class LanceHybridQueryBuilder(LanceQueryBuilder):
         )
 
         # Apply common configurations
-        if self._limit:
-            # The final offset/limit window is sliced out of the combined,
-            # reranked results, so each sub-query must fetch enough rows to
-            # cover the skipped prefix as well as the window itself.
-            sub_query_limit = self._limit + (self._offset or 0)
-            self._vector_query.limit(sub_query_limit)
-            self._fts_query.limit(sub_query_limit)
+        # The final offset/limit window is sliced out of the combined,
+        # reranked results, so each sub-query must fetch enough rows to
+        # cover the skipped prefix as well as the window itself.
+        limit = self._limit or DEFAULT_HYBRID_LIMIT
+        sub_query_limit = limit + (self._offset or 0)
+        self._vector_query.limit(sub_query_limit)
+        self._fts_query.limit(sub_query_limit)
         # WAL-PK-FUSION: without the fallback, select `self._columns` as is.
         self._pk_fusion = None
         columns = self._columns
diff --git a/python/python/lancedb/rerankers/rrf.py b/python/python/lancedb/rerankers/rrf.py
index 6d5b9a2ba..9c835a3ea 100644
--- a/python/python/lancedb/rerankers/rrf.py
+++ b/python/python/lancedb/rerankers/rrf.py
@@ -107,8 +107,24 @@ class RRFReranker(Reranker):
                     `search().with_row_id(True)`"
             )
 
-        combined = pa.concat_tables(vector_results, **self._concat_tables_args)
-        empty_table = pa.Table.from_arrays([], names=[])
-        reranked = self.rerank_hybrid(query, combined, empty_table)
+        # RRF ranks each result list on its own, so a document's rank is its
+        # position within the list it came from, not within the concatenation.
+        rrf_score_map = defaultdict(float)
+        for result in vector_results:
+            for i, result_id in enumerate(result["_rowid"].to_pylist(), 1):
+                rrf_score_map[result_id] += 1 / (i + self.K)
 
-        return reranked
+        combined = pa.concat_tables(vector_results, **self._concat_tables_args)
+        combined = self._deduplicate(combined)
+        relevance_scores = [
+            rrf_score_map[row_id] for row_id in combined["_rowid"].to_pylist()
+        ]
+        combined = combined.append_column(
+            "_relevance_score", pa.array(relevance_scores, type=pa.float32())
+        )
+        combined = combined.sort_by([("_relevance_score", "descending")])
+
+        if self.score == "relevance":
+            combined = self._keep_relevance_score(combined)
+
+        return combined
diff --git a/python/python/lancedb/table.py b/python/python/lancedb/table.py
index 0dc927b29..2bdd57fe9 100644
--- a/python/python/lancedb/table.py
+++ b/python/python/lancedb/table.py
@@ -134,6 +134,34 @@ _MODEL_BACKED_TOKENIZER_ERRORS = (
 )
 
 
+def _optimize_cleanup_since_ms(
+    cleanup_older_than: Optional[timedelta], retrain: bool
+) -> Optional[int]:
+    # Called directly by both the sync and async optimize so stacklevel=3
+    # names the user's call site rather than the background event loop.
+    cleanup_since_ms: Optional[int] = None
+    if cleanup_older_than is not None:
+        cleanup_since_ms = round(cleanup_older_than.total_seconds() * 1000)
+        if cleanup_since_ms <= 0:
+            warnings.warn(
+                "optimize(cleanup_older_than=0) removes every version except "
+                "the latest. Any concurrent reader or writer still using an "
+                "older version will fail. Use a longer cleanup_older_than "
+                "unless no other process is working on this table.",
+                UserWarning,
+                stacklevel=3,
+            )
+
+    if retrain:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "The 'retrain' parameter is deprecated and will be removed in a "
+            "future version.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=3,
+        )
+    return cleanup_since_ms
+
+
 def _add_unique_note(exception: BaseException, note: str) -> None:
     existing_notes = getattr(exception, "__notes__", ()) or ()
     message = (
@@ -233,6 +261,101 @@ IndexConfigType = Union[
 KNOWN_METRICS = {"l2", "cosine", "dot", "hamming"}
 
 
+def _blob_value_to_storage(value: Any) -> Optional[dict]:
+    """Keep a Python blob's inline data or external URI before Arrow infers it."""
+    if value is None:
+        return None
+    if isinstance(value, (bytes, bytearray, memoryview)):
+        return {"data": bytes(value)}
+    if isinstance(value, str):
+        if not value:
+            raise ValueError("Blob uri cannot be empty")
+        return {"uri": value}
+    if isinstance(value, dict):
+        unknown = value.keys() - {"data", "uri", "position", "size"}
+        if unknown:
+            raise ValueError(f"Unknown blob fields: {sorted(unknown)}")
+        return value
+
+    try:
+        from lance.blob import Blob
+    except ModuleNotFoundError as err:
+        if err.name not in ("lance", "lance.blob"):
+            raise
+    else:
+        if isinstance(value, Blob):
+            return {
+                "data": value.data,
+                "uri": value.uri,
+                "position": value.position,
+                "size": value.size,
+            }
+    raise TypeError(f"Unsupported blob value: {type(value).__name__}")
+
+
+def _blob_input_to_arrow(data: Any, schema: Optional[pa.Schema]) -> Optional[pa.Table]:
+    """Convert Python rows with blob fields before Arrow loses their value types."""
+    if schema is None:
+        return None
+
+    if isinstance(data, list) and data and isinstance(data[0], dict):
+        names = {
+            field.name
+            for field in schema
+            if is_blob_v2_field(field)
+            and any(isinstance(row, dict) and field.name in row for row in data)
+        }
+        if not names:
+            return None
+        values = {name: [row.get(name) for row in data] for name in names}
+        rows = [{**row, **{name: None for name in names}} for row in data]
+        table = pa.Table.from_pylist(rows)
+    elif _check_for_pandas(data) and isinstance(data, pd.DataFrame):
+        names = {
+            field.name
+            for field in schema
+            if is_blob_v2_field(field) and field.name in data.columns
+        }
+        if not names:
+            return None
+        values = {
+            name: [
+                None
+                if value is pd.NA or isinstance(value, float) and np.isnan(value)
+                else value
+                for value in data[name]
+            ]
+            for name in names
+        }
+        table = pa.Table.from_pandas(
+            data.assign(**{name: None for name in names}), preserve_index=False
+        ).replace_schema_metadata(None)
+    else:
+        return None
+
+    for field in schema:
+        if field.name not in names:
+            continue
+        storage_type = (
+            field.type.storage_type
+            if isinstance(field.type, pa.ExtensionType)
+            else field.type
+        )
+        storage = pa.array(
+            [_blob_value_to_storage(value) for value in values[field.name]],
+            type=storage_type,
+        )
+        column = (
+            pa.ExtensionArray.from_storage(field.type, storage)
+            if isinstance(field.type, pa.ExtensionType)
+            else storage
+        )
+        table = table.set_column(
+            table.schema.get_field_index(field.name), field, column
+        )
+    return table
+
+
 def _into_pyarrow_reader(
     data, schema: Optional[pa.Schema] = None
 ) -> pa.RecordBatchReader:
@@ -275,9 +398,14 @@ def _into_pyarrow_reader(
             return pa.Table.from_batches(data).to_reader()
         else:
             data = _serialize_json_values(data, schema)
-            return pa.Table.from_pylist(data).to_reader()
+            table = _blob_input_to_arrow(data, schema)
+            return (
+                table if table is not None else pa.Table.from_pylist(data)
+            ).to_reader()
     elif _check_for_pandas(data) and isinstance(data, pd.DataFrame):
-        table = pa.Table.from_pandas(data, preserve_index=False)
+        table = _blob_input_to_arrow(data, schema)
+        if table is None:
+            table = pa.Table.from_pandas(data, preserve_index=False)
         # Do not serialize Pandas metadata
         meta = table.schema.metadata if table.schema.metadata is not None else {}
         meta = {k: v for k, v in meta.items() if k != b"pandas"}
@@ -1935,8 +2063,10 @@ class Table(ABC):
         ``_rowid`` values stay valid after compaction when the table has stable
         row ids.
 
-        Convenience for small payloads. For large values use
-        :meth:`fetch_blob_files`.
+        Remote servers limit each request to 1024 row IDs and 64 MiB of blob
+        bytes. The client splits requests automatically and reads an individual
+        larger blob through the Range route. This method still materializes all
+        bytes in memory; for large values use :meth:`fetch_blob_files`.
         """
 
     @abstractmethod
@@ -2217,6 +2347,13 @@ class Table(ABC):
             All files belonging to versions older than this will be removed.  Set
             to 0 days to remove all versions except the latest.  The latest version
             is never removed.
+
+            .. warning::
+
+                Setting this to 0 deletes the data files of every older
+                version, so any other reader or writer still using an older
+                version of the table will fail. Only set it to 0 if no other
+                process is working on this dataset.
         delete_unverified: bool, default False
             Files leftover from a failed transaction may appear to be part of an
             in-progress operation (e.g. appending new data) and these files will not
@@ -4423,6 +4560,13 @@ class LanceTable(Table):
             All files belonging to versions older than this will be removed.  Set
             to 0 days to remove all versions except the latest.  The latest version
             is never removed.
+
+            .. warning::
+
+                Setting this to 0 deletes the data files of every older
+                version, so any other reader or writer still using an older
+                version of the table will fail. Only set it to 0 if no other
+                process is working on this dataset.
         delete_unverified: bool, default False
             Files leftover from a failed transaction may appear to be part of an
             in-progress operation (e.g. appending new data) and these files will not
@@ -4447,10 +4591,9 @@ class LanceTable(Table):
         modification operations.
         """
         LOOP.run(
-            self._table.optimize(
-                cleanup_older_than=cleanup_older_than,
-                delete_unverified=delete_unverified,
-                retrain=retrain,
+            self._table._do_optimize(
+                _optimize_cleanup_since_ms(cleanup_older_than, retrain),
+                delete_unverified,
             )
         )
 
@@ -5848,6 +5991,9 @@ class AsyncTable:
         """
         schema = await self.schema()
         data = _serialize_json_values(data, schema)
+        blob_table = _blob_input_to_arrow(data, schema)
+        if blob_table is not None:
+            data = blob_table
         if on_bad_vectors is None:
             on_bad_vectors = "error"
         if fill_value is None:
@@ -6958,6 +7104,13 @@ class AsyncTable:
             All files belonging to versions older than this will be removed.  Set
             to 0 days to remove all versions except the latest.  The latest version
             is never removed.
+
+            .. warning::
+
+                Setting this to 0 deletes the data files of every older
+                version, so any other reader or writer still using an older
+                version of the table will fail. Only set it to 0 if no other
+                process is working on this dataset.
         delete_unverified: bool, default False
             Files leftover from a failed transaction may appear to be part of an
             in-progress operation (e.g. appending new data) and these files will not
@@ -6981,20 +7134,14 @@ class AsyncTable:
         you have added or modified 100,000 or more records or run more than 20 data
         modification operations.
         """
-        cleanup_since_ms: Optional[int] = None
-        if cleanup_older_than is not None:
-            cleanup_since_ms = round(cleanup_older_than.total_seconds() * 1000)
-
-        if retrain:
-            import warnings
-
-            warnings.warn(
-                "The 'retrain' parameter is deprecated and will be removed in a "
-                "future version.",
-                DeprecationWarning,
-                stacklevel=2,
-            )
+        return await self._do_optimize(
+            _optimize_cleanup_since_ms(cleanup_older_than, retrain),
+            delete_unverified,
+        )
 
+    async def _do_optimize(
+        self, cleanup_since_ms: Optional[int], delete_unverified: bool
+    ) -> OptimizeStats:
         return await self._inner.optimize(
             cleanup_since_ms=cleanup_since_ms,
             delete_unverified=delete_unverified,
diff --git a/python/python/lancedb/util.py b/python/python/lancedb/util.py
index dbc52bff6..3cf5460a5 100644
--- a/python/python/lancedb/util.py
+++ b/python/python/lancedb/util.py
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 import binascii
 import functools
 import importlib
+import math
 import os
 import pathlib
 import warnings
@@ -351,6 +352,13 @@ def _(value: int):
 
 @value_to_sql.register(float)
 def _(value: float):
+    # str() gives "nan" / "inf", which SQL would read as column names.
+    if math.isnan(value):
+        return "CAST('NaN' AS DOUBLE)"
+    if math.isinf(value):
+        return (
+            "CAST('Infinity' AS DOUBLE)" if value > 0 else "CAST('-Infinity' AS DOUBLE)"
+        )
     return str(value)
 
 
diff --git a/python/python/tests/test_blob.py b/python/python/tests/test_blob.py
index cada6e83e..e100597cf 100644
--- a/python/python/tests/test_blob.py
+++ b/python/python/tests/test_blob.py
@@ -7,10 +7,11 @@ import sys
 import textwrap
 
 import lance
+import pandas as pd
 import pyarrow as pa
 import pyarrow.compute as pc
 import pytest
-from lance.blob import BlobType as LanceBlobType
+from lance.blob import Blob, BlobType as LanceBlobType
 
 import lancedb
 from lancedb._blob import (
@@ -1432,3 +1433,129 @@ def test_add_external_uri_string_round_trips_with_flag(tmp_path):
     hits = table.search().to_arrow()
     blobs = table.fetch_blobs("image", hits)
     assert blobs[0].as_py() == payload
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("as_pandas", [False, True])
+def test_add_bytes_and_uri_in_one_batch_preserves_external_uri(tmp_path, as_pandas):
+    payload = b"external-payload"
+    blob_path = tmp_path / "payload.bin"
+    blob_path.write_bytes(payload)
+    rows = [
+        {"id": 1, "image": b"inline"},
+        {"id": 2, "image": blob_path.as_uri()},
+    ]
+    db = lancedb.connect(tmp_path / "db")
+    schema = pa.schema([pa.field("id", pa.int64()), lancedb.blob("image")])
+    table = db.create_table("mixed", schema=schema)
+
+    table.add(
+        pd.DataFrame(rows) if as_pandas else rows,
+        allow_external_blob_outside_bases=True,
+    )
+
+    by_id = _row_ids_by_id(table)
+    assert table.fetch_blobs("image", [by_id[1], by_id[2]]).to_pylist() == [
+        b"inline",
+        payload,
+    ]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("as_pandas", [False, True])
+def test_add_mixed_python_blob_values_preserves_external_uris(tmp_path, as_pandas):
+    payload = b"external-payload"
+    blob_path = tmp_path / "payload.bin"
+    blob_path.write_bytes(payload)
+    uri = blob_path.as_uri()
+    rows = [
+        {"id": 1, "image": b"inline"},
+        {"id": 2, "image": uri},
+        {"id": 3, "image": {"data": b"from-dict"}},
+        {"id": 4, "image": Blob.from_bytes(b"from-blob")},
+        {"id": 5, "image": Blob.from_uri(uri)},
+        {"id": 6, "image": {"uri": uri}},
+        {"id": 7, "image": None},
+    ]
+    db = lancedb.connect(tmp_path / "db")
+    schema = pa.schema([pa.field("id", pa.int64()), lancedb.blob("image")])
+    table = db.create_table("mixed", schema=schema)
+
+    table.add(
+        pd.DataFrame(rows) if as_pandas else rows,
+        allow_external_blob_outside_bases=True,
+    )
+
+    by_id = _row_ids_by_id(table)
+    assert table.fetch_blobs("image", [by_id[i] for i in range(1, 8)]).to_pylist() == [
+        b"inline",
+        payload,
+        b"from-dict",
+        b"from-blob",
+        payload,
+        payload,
+        None,
+    ]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("as_pandas", [False, True])
+def test_merge_insert_mixed_python_blobs_validates_external_uri(tmp_path, as_pandas):
+    blob_path = tmp_path / "payload.bin"
+    blob_path.write_bytes(b"external-payload")
+    table = _blob_table("merge_mixed_uri", [{"id": 1, "image": b"before"}])
+    rows = [
+        {"id": 1, "image": b"updated"},
+        {"id": 2, "image": blob_path.as_uri()},
+    ]
+
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="allow_external_blob_outside_bases"):
+        (
+            table.merge_insert("id")
+            .when_matched_update_all()
+            .when_not_matched_insert_all()
+            .execute(pd.DataFrame(rows) if as_pandas else rows)
+        )
+    assert table.count_rows() == 1
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("as_pandas", [False, True])
+def test_merge_insert_python_blob_dicts_and_objects(as_pandas):
+    table = _blob_table("merge_python_blobs", [{"id": 1, "image": b"before"}])
+    rows = [
+        {"id": 1, "image": b"updated"},
+        {"id": 2, "image": {"data": b"from-dict"}},
+        {"id": 3, "image": Blob.from_bytes(b"from-blob")},
+    ]
+
+    result = (
+        table.merge_insert("id")
+        .when_matched_update_all()
+        .when_not_matched_insert_all()
+        .execute(pd.DataFrame(rows) if as_pandas else rows)
+    )
+
+    assert result.num_updated_rows == 1
+    assert result.num_inserted_rows == 2
+    by_id = _row_ids_by_id(table)
+    assert table.fetch_blobs("image", [by_id[i] for i in range(1, 4)]).to_pylist() == [
+        b"updated",
+        b"from-dict",
+        b"from-blob",
+    ]
+
+
+def test_create_table_with_python_blob_dict_and_object():
+    db = lancedb.connect("memory:///")
+    schema = pa.schema([pa.field("id", pa.int64()), lancedb.blob("image")])
+    table = db.create_table(
+        "create_python_blobs",
+        data=[
+            {"id": 1, "image": {"data": b"from-dict"}},
+            {"id": 2, "image": Blob.from_bytes(b"from-blob")},
+        ],
+        schema=schema,
+    )
+
+    by_id = _row_ids_by_id(table)
+    assert table.fetch_blobs("image", [by_id[1], by_id[2]]).to_pylist() == [
+        b"from-dict",
+        b"from-blob",
+    ]
diff --git a/python/python/tests/test_hybrid_query.py b/python/python/tests/test_hybrid_query.py
index 61b8001cf..c5f58308d 100644
--- a/python/python/tests/test_hybrid_query.py
+++ b/python/python/tests/test_hybrid_query.py
@@ -315,6 +315,33 @@ def test_hybrid_query_offset(sync_table: Table):
     assert offset_result["_rowid"].to_pylist() == full["_rowid"].to_pylist()[2:]
 
 
+def test_hybrid_query_default_limit(sync_table: Table):
+    # The vector and FTS legs match disjoint rows, so fusing their results
+    # yields more rows than the default limit.
+    new_rows = []
+    for i in range(20):
+        new_rows.append({"text": "close_vec", "vector": [0.1, 0.1]})
+        new_rows.append({"text": "dog", "vector": [50.0 + i, 50.0 + i]})
+    sync_table.add(new_rows)
+
+    def query():
+        return (
+            sync_table.search(query_type="hybrid")
+            .vector([0.1, 0.1])
+            .text("dog")
+            .with_row_id(True)
+        )
+
+    # Like the async hybrid query, the default limit is 10.
+    result = query().to_arrow()
+    assert len(result) == 10
+
+    # The offset window is taken after the default limit is applied.
+    full = query().limit(15).to_arrow()
+    offset_result = query().offset(5).to_arrow()
+    assert offset_result["_rowid"].to_pylist() == full["_rowid"].to_pylist()[5:]
+
+
 def test_hybrid_query_minimum_nprobes_zero_raises(sync_table: Table):
     # minimum_nprobes(0) must raise the same validation error a plain vector
     # query raises, not silently no-op because 0 is falsy.
diff --git a/python/python/tests/test_remote_db.py b/python/python/tests/test_remote_db.py
index e32dbe8ca..cd4b78a1b 100644
--- a/python/python/tests/test_remote_db.py
+++ b/python/python/tests/test_remote_db.py
@@ -2403,11 +2403,16 @@ def blob_remote_table(*, server_version=Version("0.5.0")):
         elif request.path.startswith("/v1/table/test/blob/image/"):
             path = request.path.partition("?")[0]
             row_id = int(path.split("/")[-2])
-            payload = {10: b"alpha", 20: None, 30: b"gamma"}[row_id]
+            payload = {10: b"alpha", 20: None, 30: b"gamma", 40: b""}[row_id]
             if payload is None:
                 request.send_response(204)
                 request.end_headers()
                 return
+            if not payload:
+                request.send_response(416)
+                request.send_header("Content-Range", "bytes */0")
+                request.end_headers()
+                return
             byte_range = request.headers["Range"].removeprefix("bytes=")
             start_text, end_text = byte_range.split("-", maxsplit=1)
             start = int(start_text)
@@ -2416,6 +2421,9 @@ def blob_remote_table(*, server_version=Version("0.5.0")):
             request.send_response(206)
             request.send_header("Content-Range", f"bytes {start}-{end}/{len(payload)}")
             request.send_header("Content-Length", str(len(chunk)))
+            request.send_header(
+                "x-lancedb-version", str(BLOB_DESCRIBE_RESPONSE["version"])
+            )
             request.end_headers()
             request.wfile.write(chunk)
         elif request.path == "/v1/table/test/query/":
@@ -2459,17 +2467,21 @@ def test_remote_blob_columns_and_fetch():
 
 def test_remote_blob_files_are_lazy_seekable_handles():
     with blob_remote_table() as table:
-        files = table.fetch_blob_files("image", [10, 20, 30])
+        files = table.fetch_blob_files("image", [10, 20, 30, 40])
 
-        assert len(files) == 3
-        alpha, null_row, gamma = files
+        assert len(files) == 4
+        alpha, null_row, gamma, empty = files
         assert null_row is None
         assert alpha is not None
         assert gamma is not None
+        assert empty is not None
         assert alpha.size() == 5
         assert alpha.read_range(1, 3) == b"lph"
         gamma.seek(2)
         assert gamma.read() == b"mma"
+        assert empty.size() == 0
+        assert empty.read() == b""
+        assert empty.read_range(0, 0) == b""
         alpha.close()
         assert alpha.closed
         with pytest.raises(RuntimeError, match="already closed"):
diff --git a/python/python/tests/test_rerankers.py b/python/python/tests/test_rerankers.py
index b4b9bc9e2..850b477a0 100644
--- a/python/python/tests/test_rerankers.py
+++ b/python/python/tests/test_rerankers.py
@@ -395,6 +395,38 @@ def test_mrr_multivector_rewards_consensus():
     assert result["_rowid"].to_pylist()[0] == 2
 
 
+def test_rrf_multivector_ranks_each_result_list():
+    # RRF scores a document by its rank *within each* result list. The top hit
+    # of the second list must score the same as the top hit of the first list,
+    # not as if it were ranked after every row of the first list.
+    reranker = RRFReranker(K=60)
+
+    def ranking(row_ids):
+        return pa.table({"_rowid": pa.array(row_ids, type=pa.int64())})
+
+    rs1 = ranking([1, 2, 3])
+    rs2 = ranking([4, 5, 6])
+
+    result = reranker.rerank_multivector([rs1, rs2])
+    scores = dict(
+        zip(result["_rowid"].to_pylist(), result["_relevance_score"].to_pylist())
+    )
+
+    assert scores[1] == pytest.approx(1 / 61)
+    assert scores[4] == pytest.approx(1 / 61)
+    assert scores[5] == pytest.approx(1 / 62)
+    # the second-ranked hit of the second list beats the third hit of the first
+    assert scores[5] > scores[3]
+
+    # A document found by both lists sums its reciprocal ranks from each list.
+    result = reranker.rerank_multivector([ranking([1, 2]), ranking([2, 3])])
+    scores = dict(
+        zip(result["_rowid"].to_pylist(), result["_relevance_score"].to_pylist())
+    )
+    assert scores[2] == pytest.approx(1 / 62 + 1 / 61)
+    assert result["_rowid"].to_pylist() == [2, 1, 3]
+
+
 def test_rrf_reranker_distance():
     data = pa.table(
         {
diff --git a/python/python/tests/test_table.py b/python/python/tests/test_table.py
index 5c56fea38..fa1a494b0 100644
--- a/python/python/tests/test_table.py
+++ b/python/python/tests/test_table.py
@@ -4307,7 +4307,8 @@ async def test_optimize(mem_db_async: AsyncConnection):
     assert stats.prune.bytes_removed == 0
     assert stats.prune.old_versions_removed == 0
 
-    stats = await table.optimize(cleanup_older_than=timedelta(seconds=0))
+    with pytest.warns(UserWarning, match="concurrent"):
+        stats = await table.optimize(cleanup_older_than=timedelta(seconds=0))
     assert stats.prune.bytes_removed > 0
     assert stats.prune.old_versions_removed == 3
 
@@ -4335,12 +4336,35 @@ async def test_optimize_delete_unverified(tmp_db_async: AsyncConnection, tmp_pat
 
     stats = await table.optimize(delete_unverified=False)
     assert stats.prune.old_versions_removed == 0
-    stats = await table.optimize(
-        cleanup_older_than=timedelta(seconds=0), delete_unverified=True
-    )
+    with pytest.warns(UserWarning, match="concurrent"):
+        stats = await table.optimize(
+            cleanup_older_than=timedelta(seconds=0), delete_unverified=True
+        )
     assert stats.prune.old_versions_removed == 2
 
 
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_optimize_warns_on_zero_cleanup(mem_db_async: AsyncConnection):
+    table = await mem_db_async.create_table("test", data=[{"x": [1]}])
+    with pytest.warns(UserWarning, match="concurrent"):
+        await table.optimize(cleanup_older_than=timedelta(0))
+
+    with warnings.catch_warnings():
+        warnings.simplefilter("error")
+        await table.optimize(cleanup_older_than=timedelta(days=1))
+        await table.optimize()
+
+
+def test_optimize_warns_on_zero_cleanup_sync(mem_db: DBConnection):
+    table = mem_db.create_table("test", data=[{"x": [1]}])
+    with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True) as seen:
+        warnings.simplefilter("default")
+        table.optimize(cleanup_older_than=timedelta(0))
+        table.optimize(cleanup_older_than=timedelta(0))
+    assert [w.filename for w in seen] == [__file__, __file__]
+    assert all("concurrent" in str(w.message) for w in seen)
+
+
 def test_replace_field_metadata(tmp_path):
     db = lancedb.connect(tmp_path)
     table = db.create_table("my_table", data=[{"x": 0}])
diff --git a/python/python/tests/test_util.py b/python/python/tests/test_util.py
index 29cfd7f0b..d9c574eb9 100644
--- a/python/python/tests/test_util.py
+++ b/python/python/tests/test_util.py
@@ -213,6 +213,35 @@ def test_value_to_sql_numpy_scalars():
     assert value_to_sql(np.bool_(False)) == "FALSE"
 
 
+def test_value_to_sql_nan_and_infinity(tmp_path):
+    # str(float("nan")) is "nan", which SQL reads as a column named nan, so
+    # table.update(values={"x": float("nan")}) failed with "No field named nan".
+    import math
+
+    import numpy as np
+
+    db = lancedb.connect(tmp_path)
+    table = db.create_table(
+        "test",
+        pa.table(
+            {
+                "id": [1, 2, 3, 4],
+                "f64": [1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0],
+                "f32": pa.array([1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0], pa.float32()),
+            }
+        ),
+    )
+    table.update(where="id = 1", values={"f64": float("nan"), "f32": np.nan})
+    table.update(where="id = 2", values={"f64": math.inf, "f32": np.float32("inf")})
+    table.update(where="id = 3", values={"f64": -math.inf, "f32": -math.inf})
+
+    rows = {row["id"]: row for row in table.to_arrow().to_pylist()}
+    assert math.isnan(rows[1]["f64"]) and math.isnan(rows[1]["f32"])
+    assert rows[2]["f64"] == math.inf and rows[2]["f32"] == math.inf
+    assert rows[3]["f64"] == -math.inf and rows[3]["f32"] == -math.inf
+    assert rows[4]["f64"] == 4.0 and rows[4]["f32"] == 4.0
+
+
 def test_append_vector_columns():
     registry = EmbeddingFunctionRegistry.get_instance()
     registry.register("test")(MockTextEmbeddingFunction)
diff --git a/python/src/query.rs b/python/src/query.rs
index 2398376d5..3a4737ee0 100644
--- a/python/src/query.rs
+++ b/python/src/query.rs
@@ -180,6 +180,9 @@ impl<'py> IntoPyObject<'py> for PyLanceDB<FtsQuery> {
             .expect("Failed to import namespace");
 
         match self.0 {
+            FtsQuery::CombinedFields(_) => Err(PyValueError::new_err(
+                "Combined-fields FTS queries are not yet supported in Python",
+            )),
             FtsQuery::Match(query) => {
                 let kwargs = PyDict::new(py);
                 kwargs.set_item("boost", query.boost)?;
diff --git a/python/vendor/lance-arrow/Cargo.toml b/python/vendor/lance-arrow/Cargo.toml
index 2582c9e96..7f12336d8 100644
--- a/python/vendor/lance-arrow/Cargo.toml
+++ b/python/vendor/lance-arrow/Cargo.toml
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [package]
 name = "lance-arrow"
-version = "13.0.0-beta.15"
+version = "13.0.0-beta.18"
 edition = "2024"
 authors = ["Lance Devs <dev@lance.org>"]
 license = "Apache-2.0"
diff --git a/python/vendor/lance-arrow/README.lancedb.md b/python/vendor/lance-arrow/README.lancedb.md
index 27d2b7e32..46b017c7e 100644
--- a/python/vendor/lance-arrow/README.lancedb.md
+++ b/python/vendor/lance-arrow/README.lancedb.md
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-This directory contains `rust/lance-arrow` from Lance tag `v13.0.0-beta.15`
-(commit `db53dcf367088b32ae3a7461407d43593759ae3e`), licensed under Apache-2.0.
+This directory contains `rust/lance-arrow` from Lance tag `v13.0.0-beta.18`
+(commit `b646eda6a891f481b6f6d6baef9cd17656aef65b`), licensed under Apache-2.0.
 
 LanceDB carries a local fix in `src/lib.rs` for sliced child validity bitmaps
 until a Lance release includes the fix. The patch is selected in the root
diff --git a/rust/lancedb/src/materialized_view.rs b/rust/lancedb/src/materialized_view.rs
index 616bd42d4..7dec300a2 100644
--- a/rust/lancedb/src/materialized_view.rs
+++ b/rust/lancedb/src/materialized_view.rs
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ mod duplicate_pairs;
 mod grouped;
 mod grouped_units;
 mod partitioned;
-mod vector_dedup;
+pub(crate) mod vector_dedup;
 pub use duplicate_pairs::{VectorSource, VectorSourceKind};
 pub use grouped::IVF_PARTITION;
 /// Refreshing a view grouped by [`IVF_PARTITION`] in units, one per index
diff --git a/rust/lancedb/src/materialized_view/vector_dedup.rs b/rust/lancedb/src/materialized_view/vector_dedup.rs
index 38c007076..dc2759433 100644
--- a/rust/lancedb/src/materialized_view/vector_dedup.rs
+++ b/rust/lancedb/src/materialized_view/vector_dedup.rs
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ fn edge_schema() -> SchemaRef {
 
 /// Sorting canonical edges makes the first unremoved endpoint the smallest
 /// unassigned representative. The sort spills; only vertex masks stay in RAM.
-async fn select_representatives(
+pub async fn select_representatives(
     stream: SendableRecordBatchStream,
     memory: usize,
 ) -> Result<(RoaringTreemap, RoaringTreemap)> {
diff --git a/rust/lancedb/src/remote/table.rs b/rust/lancedb/src/remote/table.rs
index cabddbe7b..16c546147 100644
--- a/rust/lancedb/src/remote/table.rs
+++ b/rust/lancedb/src/remote/table.rs
@@ -96,6 +96,8 @@ const SCHEMA_SELECTOR_CHANGED: &str = "table selector changed while fetching sch
 
 fn fts_query_requires_document_granularity_support(query: &FtsQuery) -> bool {
     match query {
+        // Combined-fields queries do not expose a document granularity option.
+        FtsQuery::CombinedFields(_) => false,
         FtsQuery::Match(query) => query
             .document_granularity
             .is_some_and(|granularity| granularity.is_list_element()),
@@ -5187,6 +5189,193 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(blobs.value(2), b"gamma");
     }
 
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn test_fetch_blobs_splits_row_ids_at_one_version_and_preserves_order() {
+        let request_sizes = Arc::new(std::sync::Mutex::new(Vec::new()));
+        let seen = request_sizes.clone();
+        let table = Table::new_with_handler_version(
+            "my_table",
+            semver::Version::new(0, 5, 0),
+            move |request| {
+                if request.url().path() == "/v1/table/my_table/describe/" {
+                    return http::Response::builder()
+                        .status(200)
+                        .body(br#"{"version":7,"schema":{"fields":[]}}"#.to_vec())
+                        .unwrap();
+                }
+                assert_eq!(request.url().path(), "/v1/table/my_table/fetch_blobs/");
+                let body = request_body_json(&request);
+                assert_eq!(body["version"], 7);
+                let ids = body["row_ids"].as_array().unwrap();
+                seen.lock().unwrap().push(ids.len());
+                if ids.len() > 1024 {
+                    return http::Response::builder()
+                        .status(400)
+                        .body(b"fetch_blobs accepts at most 1024 row IDs".to_vec())
+                        .unwrap();
+                }
+                let mut builder = LargeBinaryBuilder::new();
+                for id in ids {
+                    let id = id.as_u64().unwrap();
+                    if id == 1023 {
+                        builder.append_null();
+                    } else {
+                        builder.append_value(id.to_string().as_bytes());
+                    }
+                }
+                let batch = RecordBatch::try_new(
+                    Arc::new(Schema::new(vec![Field::new(
+                        "image",
+                        DataType::LargeBinary,
+                        true,
+                    )])),
+                    vec![Arc::new(builder.finish())],
+                )
+                .unwrap();
+                http::Response::builder()
+                    .status(200)
+                    .header(CONTENT_TYPE, ARROW_STREAM_CONTENT_TYPE)
+                    .body(write_ipc_stream_uncompressed(&batch))
+                    .unwrap()
+            },
+        );
+
+        let ids: Vec<u64> = (0..1024).chain([42]).collect();
+        let blobs = table.fetch_blobs("image", &ids).await.unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(blobs.len(), 1025);
+        assert_eq!(blobs.value(0), b"0");
+        assert_eq!(blobs.value(1022), b"1022");
+        assert!(blobs.is_null(1023));
+        assert_eq!(blobs.value(1024), b"42");
+        assert_eq!(request_sizes.lock().unwrap().as_slice(), &[1024, 1]);
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn test_fetch_blobs_splits_byte_limited_requests_and_reads_large_blob_by_range() {
+        // Simulate a lower byte cap so this test exercises the same 400 response
+        // without allocating 64 MiB of blob data.
+        let requests = Arc::new(std::sync::Mutex::new(Vec::new()));
+        let seen = requests.clone();
+        let table = Table::new_with_handler_version(
+            "my_table",
+            semver::Version::new(0, 5, 0),
+            move |request| {
+                let path = request.url().path();
+                if path == "/v1/table/my_table/describe/" {
+                    return http::Response::builder()
+                        .status(200)
+                        .body(br#"{"version":42,"schema":{"fields":[]}}"#.to_vec())
+                        .unwrap();
+                }
+                if path == "/v1/table/my_table/fetch_blobs/" {
+                    let body = request_body_json(&request);
+                    let ids = body["row_ids"].as_array().unwrap();
+                    if body["version"].is_null() {
+                        // Only the initial failed request may read live latest.
+                        assert_eq!(ids.len(), 5);
+                    } else {
+                        assert_eq!(body["version"], 42);
+                    }
+                    seen.lock().unwrap().push(format!("POST {}", ids.len()));
+                    let mut builder = LargeBinaryBuilder::new();
+                    let mut total_bytes = 0;
+                    for id in ids {
+                        let value: Option<&[u8]> = match id.as_u64().unwrap() {
+                            10 => Some(b"aaaa"),
+                            20 => Some(b"bbb"),
+                            30 => None,
+                            40 => Some(b"0123456789"),
+                            id => panic!("unexpected row id {id}"),
+                        };
+                        if let Some(value) = value {
+                            total_bytes += value.len();
+                            builder.append_value(value);
+                        } else {
+                            builder.append_null();
+                        }
+                    }
+                    if total_bytes > 6 {
+                        return http::Response::builder()
+                            .status(400)
+                            .body(br#"{"error":"Bad request: fetch_blobs accepts at most 67108864 total blob bytes"}"#.to_vec())
+                            .unwrap();
+                    }
+                    let batch = RecordBatch::try_new(
+                        Arc::new(Schema::new(vec![Field::new(
+                            "image",
+                            DataType::LargeBinary,
+                            true,
+                        )])),
+                        vec![Arc::new(builder.finish())],
+                    )
+                    .unwrap();
+                    return http::Response::builder()
+                        .status(200)
+                        .header(CONTENT_TYPE, ARROW_STREAM_CONTENT_TYPE)
+                        .body(write_ipc_stream_uncompressed(&batch))
+                        .unwrap();
+                }
+                assert_eq!(path, "/v1/table/my_table/blob/image/40/bytes");
+                assert!(request.url().query().unwrap().contains("version=42"));
+                let range = request
+                    .headers()
+                    .get(reqwest::header::RANGE)
+                    .unwrap()
+                    .to_str()
+                    .unwrap();
+                seen.lock().unwrap().push(format!("GET {range}"));
+                match range {
+                    "bytes=0-0" => http::Response::builder()
+                        .status(206)
+                        .header(reqwest::header::CONTENT_RANGE, "bytes 0-0/10")
+                        .header(VERSION_HEADER, "42")
+                        .body(b"0".to_vec())
+                        .unwrap(),
+                    "bytes=0-" => http::Response::builder()
+                        .status(206)
+                        .header(reqwest::header::CONTENT_RANGE, "bytes 0-9/10")
+                        .body(b"0123456789".to_vec())
+                        .unwrap(),
+                    _ => panic!("unexpected range: {range}"),
+                }
+            },
+        );
+
+        let blobs = table
+            .fetch_blobs("image", &[10, 20, 30, 40, 20])
+            .await
+            .unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(blobs.len(), 5);
+        assert_eq!(blobs.value(0), b"aaaa");
+        assert_eq!(blobs.value(1), b"bbb");
+        assert!(blobs.is_null(2));
+        assert_eq!(blobs.value(3), b"0123456789");
+        assert_eq!(blobs.value(4), b"bbb");
+        let requests = requests.lock().unwrap();
+        assert!(requests.contains(&"GET bytes=0-0".to_string()));
+        assert!(requests.contains(&"GET bytes=0-".to_string()));
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn test_fetch_blobs_does_not_split_unrelated_bad_requests() {
+        let requests = Arc::new(AtomicUsize::new(0));
+        let seen = requests.clone();
+        let table =
+            Table::new_with_handler_version("my_table", semver::Version::new(0, 5, 0), move |_| {
+                seen.fetch_add(1, Ordering::SeqCst);
+                http::Response::builder()
+                    .status(400)
+                    .body(b"unknown blob column".to_vec())
+                    .unwrap()
+            });
+
+        assert_fetch_blobs_http_error(
+            table.fetch_blobs("missing", &[10, 20]).await.unwrap_err(),
+            "unknown blob column",
+        );
+        assert_eq!(requests.load(Ordering::SeqCst), 1);
+    }
+
     fn table_with_fetch_blobs_response(body: Vec<u8>) -> Table {
         table_with_fetch_blobs_content_type(Some(ARROW_STREAM_CONTENT_TYPE), body)
     }
@@ -6152,6 +6341,53 @@ mod tests {
             .unwrap();
     }
 
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn test_query_combined_fields_uses_structured_fts() {
+        use lance_index::scalar::inverted::query::CombinedFieldsQuery;
+
+        let table =
+            Table::new_with_handler_version("my_table", semver::Version::new(0, 3, 0), |request| {
+                let body = request.body().unwrap().as_bytes().unwrap();
+                let body: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_slice(body).unwrap();
+                assert_eq!(
+                    body["full_text_query"]["query"],
+                    serde_json::json!({
+                        "combined_fields": {
+                            "query": "hello world",
+                            "columns": ["title", "text"],
+                            "boost": [1.0, 1.0],
+                            "operator": "Or"
+                        }
+                    })
+                );
+
+                let data = RecordBatch::try_new(
+                    Arc::new(Schema::new(vec![Field::new("a", DataType::Int32, false)])),
+                    vec![Arc::new(Int32Array::from(vec![1]))],
+                )
+                .unwrap();
+                http::Response::builder()
+                    .status(200)
+                    .header(CONTENT_TYPE, ARROW_FILE_CONTENT_TYPE)
+                    .body(write_ipc_file(&data))
+                    .unwrap()
+            });
+
+        table
+            .query()
+            .full_text_search(FullTextSearchQuery::new_query(
+                CombinedFieldsQuery::try_new(
+                    "hello world".into(),
+                    vec!["title".into(), "text".into()],
+                )
+                .unwrap()
+                .into(),
+            ))
+            .execute()
+            .await
+            .unwrap();
+    }
+
     #[tokio::test]
     async fn test_query_row_document_granularity_uses_structured_fts() {
         let table =
diff --git a/rust/lancedb/src/remote/table/blobs.rs b/rust/lancedb/src/remote/table/blobs.rs
index 597b41782..07aeeae63 100644
--- a/rust/lancedb/src/remote/table/blobs.rs
+++ b/rust/lancedb/src/remote/table/blobs.rs
@@ -21,7 +21,23 @@ use crate::error::Result;
 use crate::remote::client::{HttpSend, RequestResultExt, RestfulLanceDbClient};
 use crate::table::BaseTable;
 
-use super::{FreshnessHeaders, FreshnessState, RemoteTable, freshness_headers_snapshot};
+use super::{
+    FreshnessHeaders, FreshnessState, ReadSnapshot, RemoteTable, VERSION_HEADER,
+    freshness_headers_snapshot,
+};
+
+// The Cloud route rejects larger row-id lists. Its separate 64 MiB byte limit
+// is handled by splitting a rejected request below.
+const MAX_FETCH_BLOBS_ROW_IDS: usize = 1024;
+
+fn is_fetch_blobs_byte_limit_error(error: &Error) -> bool {
+    matches!(error, Error::Http {
+        source,
+        status_code: Some(StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST),
+        ..
+    } if source.to_string().contains("fetch_blobs accepts at most")
+        && source.to_string().contains("total blob bytes"))
+}
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
 enum RangeRequestMode {
@@ -35,6 +51,7 @@ trait BlobRangeRequester: Send + Sync + std::fmt::Debug {
         &self,
         range_header: &str,
         mode: RangeRequestMode,
+        version: Option<u64>,
     ) -> Result<(String, Response)>;
 }
 
@@ -56,13 +73,14 @@ impl<S: HttpSend> BlobRangeRequester for TableBlobRangeRequester<S> {
         &self,
         range_header: &str,
         mode: RangeRequestMode,
+        version: Option<u64>,
     ) -> Result<(String, Response)> {
         let freshness_request =
             freshness_headers_snapshot(&self.freshness, self.read_consistency_interval);
         let mut request = freshness_request
             .apply(self.client.get(&self.path))
             .header(header::RANGE, range_header);
-        if let Some(version) = self.version {
+        if let Some(version) = version.or(self.version) {
             request = request.query(&[("version", version)]);
         }
         if let Some(branch) = &self.branch {
@@ -97,21 +115,25 @@ struct RemoteBlobState {
 }
 
 /// Seekable Cloud blob handle over HTTP Range.
+///
+/// Nonempty handles read the table version returned by their size probe.
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub struct RemoteBlobFile {
     requester: Arc<dyn BlobRangeRequester>,
     state: Mutex<RemoteBlobState>,
     closed: AtomicBool,
     size: u64,
+    version: Option<u64>,
 }
 
 impl RemoteBlobFile {
-    fn new(requester: Arc<dyn BlobRangeRequester>, size: u64) -> Self {
+    fn new(requester: Arc<dyn BlobRangeRequester>, size: u64, version: Option<u64>) -> Self {
         Self {
             requester,
             state: Mutex::new(RemoteBlobState::default()),
             closed: AtomicBool::new(false),
             size,
+            version,
         }
     }
 
@@ -160,7 +182,7 @@ impl RemoteBlobFile {
         let range_header = format!("bytes={}-{}", range.start, range.end - 1);
         let (request_id, response) = self
             .requester
-            .request_range(&range_header, RangeRequestMode::DataRead)
+            .request_range(&range_header, RangeRequestMode::DataRead, self.version)
             .await
             .map_err(remote_blob_error)?;
         self.ensure_open()?;
@@ -236,7 +258,7 @@ impl RemoteBlobFile {
                 let range_header = format!("bytes={cursor}-");
                 let (request_id, response) = self
                     .requester
-                    .request_range(&range_header, RangeRequestMode::DataRead)
+                    .request_range(&range_header, RangeRequestMode::DataRead, self.version)
                     .await
                     .map_err(remote_blob_error)?;
                 self.ensure_open()?;
@@ -369,7 +391,62 @@ impl<S: HttpSend> RemoteTable<S> {
                 message: "fetch_blobs is not supported on this LanceDB Cloud server".into(),
             });
         }
-        let read_snapshot = self.snapshot_read_state().await;
+        let mut read_snapshot = self.snapshot_read_state().await;
+        // A selection spanning requests must use one exact dataset version.
+        // Resolve latest before the first chunk; a checked-out version is exact already.
+        if row_ids.len() > MAX_FETCH_BLOBS_ROW_IDS && read_snapshot.version.is_none() {
+            read_snapshot.version = Some(self.describe_read_snapshot(read_snapshot).await?.version);
+        }
+        let mut pending: Vec<&[u64]> = row_ids.chunks(MAX_FETCH_BLOBS_ROW_IDS).rev().collect();
+        let mut chunks = Vec::new();
+        while let Some(ids) = pending.pop() {
+            match self.fetch_blobs_chunk(column, ids, read_snapshot).await {
+                Ok(blobs) => chunks.push(blobs),
+                Err(error) if is_fetch_blobs_byte_limit_error(&error) => {
+                    // A single-request call may turn into several requests after a
+                    // byte-cap error. No bytes from the failed request were used.
+                    if read_snapshot.version.is_none() {
+                        read_snapshot.version =
+                            Some(self.describe_read_snapshot(read_snapshot).await?.version);
+                    }
+                    if ids.len() == 1 {
+                        // The whole-byte route cannot serve this blob. The Range route
+                        // has no aggregate response limit and preserves null alignment.
+                        let mut files = self
+                            .fetch_blob_files_with_snapshot(column, ids, read_snapshot)
+                            .await?;
+                        let blob = match files.pop().unwrap() {
+                            Some(file) => Some(file.read().await?),
+                            None => None,
+                        };
+                        chunks.push(LargeBinaryArray::from(vec![blob.as_deref()]));
+                    } else {
+                        let mid = ids.len() / 2;
+                        pending.push(&ids[mid..]);
+                        pending.push(&ids[..mid]);
+                    }
+                }
+                Err(error) => return Err(error),
+            }
+        }
+
+        if chunks.len() == 1 {
+            return Ok(chunks.pop().unwrap());
+        }
+        let chunk_refs: Vec<&dyn Array> = chunks.iter().map(|chunk| chunk as &dyn Array).collect();
+        Ok(arrow::compute::concat(&chunk_refs)?
+            .as_any()
+            .downcast_ref::<LargeBinaryArray>()
+            .expect("concatenating LargeBinary arrays returns LargeBinary")
+            .clone())
+    }
+
+    async fn fetch_blobs_chunk(
+        &self,
+        column: &str,
+        row_ids: &[u64],
+        read_snapshot: ReadSnapshot,
+    ) -> Result<LargeBinaryArray> {
         let mut body = serde_json::json!({
             "version": read_snapshot.version,
             "column": column,
@@ -460,6 +537,16 @@ impl<S: HttpSend> RemoteTable<S> {
         }
 
         let read_snapshot = self.snapshot_read_state().await;
+        self.fetch_blob_files_with_snapshot(column, row_ids, read_snapshot)
+            .await
+    }
+
+    async fn fetch_blob_files_with_snapshot(
+        &self,
+        column: &str,
+        row_ids: &[u64],
+        read_snapshot: ReadSnapshot,
+    ) -> Result<Vec<Option<BlobFile>>> {
         let encoded_column = urlencoding::encode(column);
         let requesters = row_ids
             .iter()
@@ -499,12 +586,25 @@ async fn probe_blob_files(
 
 const BLOB_REQUEST_CONCURRENCY: usize = 8;
 
+fn probe_blob_version(response: &Response, request_id: &str) -> Result<u64> {
+    response
+        .headers()
+        .get(&VERSION_HEADER)
+        .and_then(|value| value.to_str().ok())
+        .and_then(|value| value.parse().ok())
+        .ok_or_else(|| Error::Http {
+            source: "blob size probe returned a missing or invalid x-lancedb-version header".into(),
+            request_id: request_id.to_string(),
+            status_code: Some(response.status()),
+        })
+}
+
 /// Probe one blob's size.
 ///
 /// `204` represents null. `416` with `bytes */0` represents an empty blob.
 async fn probe_blob_file(requester: Arc<dyn BlobRangeRequester>) -> Result<Option<BlobFile>> {
     let (request_id, response) = requester
-        .request_range("bytes=0-0", RangeRequestMode::SizeProbe)
+        .request_range("bytes=0-0", RangeRequestMode::SizeProbe, None)
         .await?;
     match response.status() {
         StatusCode::NO_CONTENT => {
@@ -537,7 +637,8 @@ async fn probe_blob_file(requester: Arc<dyn BlobRangeRequester>) -> Result<Optio
                     });
                 }
             }
-            Ok(Some(RemoteBlobFile::new(requester, 0).into()))
+            // An empty handle never makes a data range request, so no version is needed.
+            Ok(Some(RemoteBlobFile::new(requester, 0, None).into()))
         }
         StatusCode::PARTIAL_CONTENT => {
             let size = response
@@ -553,6 +654,7 @@ async fn probe_blob_file(requester: Arc<dyn BlobRangeRequester>) -> Result<Optio
                     request_id: request_id.clone(),
                     status_code: Some(StatusCode::PARTIAL_CONTENT),
                 })?;
+            let version = probe_blob_version(&response, &request_id)?;
             let probe_body = response.bytes().await.err_to_http(request_id.clone())?;
             if probe_body.len() != 1 {
                 return Err(Error::Http {
@@ -565,7 +667,9 @@ async fn probe_blob_file(requester: Arc<dyn BlobRangeRequester>) -> Result<Optio
                     status_code: Some(StatusCode::PARTIAL_CONTENT),
                 });
             }
-            Ok(Some(RemoteBlobFile::new(requester, size).into()))
+            Ok(Some(
+                RemoteBlobFile::new(requester, size, Some(version)).into(),
+            ))
         }
         status => Err(Error::Http {
             source: format!("blob size probe expected HTTP 206 Partial Content, got {status}")
@@ -578,7 +682,7 @@ async fn probe_blob_file(requester: Arc<dyn BlobRangeRequester>) -> Result<Optio
 
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
-    use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicUsize, Ordering};
+    use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, AtomicUsize, Ordering};
     use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex as StdMutex};
     use std::time::Duration;
 
@@ -628,6 +732,7 @@ mod tests {
                 header::CONTENT_RANGE,
                 format!("bytes {start}-{end}/{}", payload.len()),
             )
+            .header(VERSION_HEADER, "5")
             .body(payload[start..=end].to_vec())
             .unwrap()
     }
@@ -698,6 +803,68 @@ mod tests {
         assert!(requests.lock().unwrap().contains(&"bytes=5-11".to_string()));
     }
 
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn remote_blob_file_reads_the_probed_version_after_table_changes() {
+        let changed = Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(false));
+        let requests = Arc::new(StdMutex::new(Vec::new()));
+        let table = RemoteTable::new_mock(
+            "my_table".to_string(),
+            {
+                let changed = changed.clone();
+                let requests = requests.clone();
+                move |request| {
+                    let range = request
+                        .headers()
+                        .get(header::RANGE)
+                        .unwrap()
+                        .to_str()
+                        .unwrap();
+                    let version = request
+                        .url()
+                        .query_pairs()
+                        .find(|(name, _)| name == "version")
+                        .map(|(_, value)| value.into_owned());
+                    requests
+                        .lock()
+                        .unwrap()
+                        .push((range.to_string(), version.clone()));
+                    if changed.load(Ordering::SeqCst) && version.as_deref() != Some("5") {
+                        return http::Response::builder()
+                            .status(StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST)
+                            .body(b"row id is absent from the latest version".to_vec())
+                            .unwrap();
+                    }
+                    range_response(&request, PAYLOAD)
+                }
+            },
+            Some(Version::new(0, 5, 0)),
+        );
+
+        let file = table
+            .fetch_blob_files_impl("image", &[10])
+            .await
+            .unwrap()
+            .pop()
+            .flatten()
+            .unwrap();
+        changed.store(true, Ordering::SeqCst);
+
+        assert_eq!(file.read_range(5..9).await.unwrap(), &PAYLOAD[5..9]);
+        assert_eq!(file.read_up_to(4).await.unwrap(), &PAYLOAD[..4]);
+        file.seek(10).await.unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(file.read().await.unwrap(), &PAYLOAD[10..]);
+
+        assert_eq!(
+            requests.lock().unwrap().as_slice(),
+            [
+                ("bytes=0-0".to_string(), None),
+                ("bytes=5-8".to_string(), Some("5".to_string())),
+                ("bytes=0-".to_string(), Some("5".to_string())),
+                ("bytes=10-".to_string(), Some("5".to_string())),
+            ]
+        );
+    }
+
     #[tokio::test]
     async fn remote_blob_file_keeps_the_open_timeline_after_parent_checkout() {
         let range_requests = Arc::new(StdMutex::new(Vec::new()));
@@ -762,7 +929,7 @@ mod tests {
     }
 
     #[tokio::test]
-    async fn remote_blob_files_return_a_handle_for_an_empty_blob() {
+    async fn remote_blob_files_allow_an_empty_blob_without_a_version_header() {
         let requests = Arc::new(StdMutex::new(Vec::new()));
         let table = mock_remote_blob_table(requests.clone());
 
@@ -775,8 +942,10 @@ mod tests {
         assert!(files[1].is_none());
         let empty = files[2].take().unwrap();
         assert_eq!(empty.size(), 0);
+        let probe_requests = requests.lock().unwrap().len();
         assert!(empty.read_range(0..0).await.unwrap().is_empty());
         assert!(empty.read().await.unwrap().is_empty());
+        assert_eq!(requests.lock().unwrap().len(), probe_requests);
         let nonempty = files[0].take().unwrap();
         assert_eq!(nonempty.size(), PAYLOAD.len() as u64);
     }
@@ -834,6 +1003,30 @@ mod tests {
         );
     }
 
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn remote_blob_files_reject_a_probe_without_a_version() {
+        let table = RemoteTable::new_mock(
+            "my_table".to_string(),
+            |request| {
+                let mut response = range_response(&request, PAYLOAD);
+                response.headers_mut().remove(VERSION_HEADER);
+                response
+            },
+            Some(Version::new(0, 5, 0)),
+        );
+
+        let error = table
+            .fetch_blob_files_impl("image", &[10])
+            .await
+            .unwrap_err();
+        assert!(
+            error
+                .to_string()
+                .contains("missing or invalid x-lancedb-version"),
+            "got: {error}"
+        );
+    }
+
     #[tokio::test]
     async fn remote_blob_files_reject_unsupported_server_version() {
         let table = RemoteTable::new_mock(
@@ -1025,6 +1218,7 @@ mod tests {
             &self,
             range_header: &str,
             _mode: RangeRequestMode,
+            _version: Option<u64>,
         ) -> Result<(String, Response)> {
             assert_eq!(range_header, "bytes=0-0");
             let now = self.in_flight.fetch_add(1, Ordering::SeqCst) + 1;
@@ -1039,6 +1233,7 @@ mod tests {
                     header::CONTENT_RANGE,
                     format!("bytes 0-0/{}", 100 + self.index),
                 )
+                .header(VERSION_HEADER, "5")
                 .body(vec![0u8])
                 .unwrap();
             Ok((format!("probe-{}", self.index), Response::from(response)))
@@ -1157,6 +1352,7 @@ mod tests {
                             header::CONTENT_RANGE,
                             format!("bytes 0-0/{}", PAYLOAD.len()),
                         )
+                        .header(VERSION_HEADER, "5")
                         .body(vec![PAYLOAD[0]])
                         .unwrap();
                 }
@@ -1203,6 +1399,7 @@ mod tests {
             &self,
             range_header: &str,
             _mode: RangeRequestMode,
+            _version: Option<u64>,
         ) -> Result<(String, Response)> {
             let now = self.in_flight.fetch_add(1, Ordering::SeqCst) + 1;
             self.max_in_flight.fetch_max(now, Ordering::SeqCst);
@@ -1235,7 +1432,7 @@ mod tests {
             in_flight,
             max_in_flight: max_in_flight.clone(),
         });
-        let file = RemoteBlobFile::new(requester, PAYLOAD.len() as u64);
+        let file = RemoteBlobFile::new(requester, PAYLOAD.len() as u64, Some(5));
 
         let ranges: Vec<_> = (0..16u64).map(|start| start..start + 2).collect();
         let output = file.read_ranges(&ranges).await.unwrap();
@@ -1292,6 +1489,7 @@ mod tests {
                             header::CONTENT_RANGE,
                             format!("bytes 0-0/{}", PAYLOAD.len()),
                         )
+                        .header(VERSION_HEADER, "5")
                         .body(vec![PAYLOAD[0]])
                         .unwrap();
                 }
@@ -1322,6 +1520,7 @@ mod tests {
             &self,
             range_header: &str,
             _mode: RangeRequestMode,
+            _version: Option<u64>,
         ) -> Result<(String, Response)> {
             if range_header.ends_with('-') {
                 self.started.notify_one();
@@ -1347,7 +1546,11 @@ mod tests {
             release: release.clone(),
             started: started.clone(),
         });
-        let file = Arc::new(RemoteBlobFile::new(requester, PAYLOAD.len() as u64));
+        let file = Arc::new(RemoteBlobFile::new(
+            requester,
+            PAYLOAD.len() as u64,
+            Some(5),
+        ));
 
         let reader = {
             let file = file.clone();
diff --git a/rust/lancedb/src/table.rs b/rust/lancedb/src/table.rs
index dcb3e1578..251baad99 100644
--- a/rust/lancedb/src/table.rs
+++ b/rust/lancedb/src/table.rs
@@ -1251,7 +1251,10 @@ impl Table {
     /// Materialize blob bytes for the given row ids.
     ///
     /// Output matches `row_ids` in length and order. Null blobs are null;
-    /// valid empty blobs contain empty byte strings. Prefer
+    /// valid empty blobs contain empty byte strings. Cloud limits individual
+    /// requests to 1024 row ids and 64 MiB of blob bytes; the remote client
+    /// splits requests and reads a single larger blob through the Range route.
+    /// This method still materializes all bytes in memory, so prefer
     /// [`Self::fetch_blob_files`] for large selections.
     ///
     /// `_rowid` values stay valid after compaction when the table has stable
@@ -3788,7 +3791,20 @@ impl BaseTable for NativeTable {
             let Some(segment) = segments.first() else {
                 continue;
             };
-            let params = load_segment_params(&dataset, segment).await?;
+            // The listing itself only needs the manifest. Missing index files must
+            // not hide every other index, or callers cannot find the one to repair.
+            let params = match load_segment_params(&dataset, segment).await {
+                Ok(params) => params,
+                Err(err) => {
+                    log::warn!(
+                        "Failed to read full text search configuration for index '{}': {}",
+                        index.name,
+                        err
+                    );
+                    index.index_details = None;
+                    continue;
+                }
+            };
             let details = serde_json::to_string(&params).map_err(|source| Error::Other {
                 message: format!(
                     "Failed to serialize full text search configuration for index '{}'",
diff --git a/rust/lancedb/src/table/create_index.rs b/rust/lancedb/src/table/create_index.rs
index 0a0d00da1..c5d6e072f 100644
--- a/rust/lancedb/src/table/create_index.rs
+++ b/rust/lancedb/src/table/create_index.rs
@@ -2078,6 +2078,50 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(index.columns, vec!["tags".to_string()]);
     }
 
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn test_list_indices_with_missing_fts_index_files() {
+        let tmp_dir = tempdir().unwrap();
+        let uri = tmp_dir.path().to_str().unwrap();
+        let conn = connect(uri).execute().await.unwrap();
+        let batch = record_batch!(
+            ("id", Int32, [1, 2, 3]),
+            ("text", Utf8, ["alpha", "beta", "gamma"])
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+        let table = conn.create_table("t", batch).execute().await.unwrap();
+        table
+            .create_index(&["text"], Index::FTS(FtsIndexBuilder::default()))
+            .execute()
+            .await
+            .unwrap();
+        table
+            .create_index(&["id"], Index::BTree(BTreeIndexBuilder::default()))
+            .execute()
+            .await
+            .unwrap();
+
+        let fts_uuid = table
+            .list_indices()
+            .await
+            .unwrap()
+            .into_iter()
+            .find(|index| index.name == "text_idx")
+            .and_then(|index| index.index_uuid)
+            .unwrap();
+        std::fs::remove_dir_all(tmp_dir.path().join("t.lance/_indices").join(fts_uuid)).unwrap();
+
+        // A new connection, so the index cache cannot serve the deleted files.
+        let conn = connect(uri).execute().await.unwrap();
+        let table = conn.open_table("t").execute().await.unwrap();
+        let mut indices = table.list_indices().await.unwrap();
+        indices.sort_by(|a, b| a.name.cmp(&b.name));
+        let names = indices.iter().map(|i| i.name.as_str()).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+        assert_eq!(names, vec!["id_idx", "text_idx"]);
+        assert_eq!(indices[1].index_type, crate::index::IndexType::FTS);
+        assert_eq!(indices[1].index_details, None);
+        assert!(indices[0].index_details.is_some());
+    }
+
     #[tokio::test]
     async fn test_create_inverted_index() {
         let conn = connect("memory://").execute().await.unwrap();
diff --git a/rust/lancedb/src/table/datafusion/udtf.rs b/rust/lancedb/src/table/datafusion/udtf.rs
index a7a72f800..53eb55fcc 100644
--- a/rust/lancedb/src/table/datafusion/udtf.rs
+++ b/rust/lancedb/src/table/datafusion/udtf.rs
@@ -6,3 +6,5 @@
 pub mod fts;
 
 pub mod duplicate_pairs;
+
+pub mod vector_query;
diff --git a/rust/lancedb/src/table/datafusion/udtf/duplicate_pairs.rs b/rust/lancedb/src/table/datafusion/udtf/duplicate_pairs.rs
index 47a35cbd2..20de93148 100644
--- a/rust/lancedb/src/table/datafusion/udtf/duplicate_pairs.rs
+++ b/rust/lancedb/src/table/datafusion/udtf/duplicate_pairs.rs
@@ -330,6 +330,96 @@ pub async fn plan_duplicate_pairs(
     Ok(tasks)
 }
 
+/// Optional query columns. The default preserves the primitive's three-column
+/// schema; SQL convenience calls include physical scope identity and may map
+/// endpoints to an application key without fetching source vectors.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct DuplicatePairsOutput {
+    pub scope: bool,
+    pub id_column: Option<String>,
+}
+
+impl DuplicatePairsOutput {
+    pub fn schema(&self, dataset: &Dataset) -> Result<SchemaRef> {
+        let mut fields = duplicate_pair_schema().fields().to_vec();
+        if self.scope {
+            fields.extend([
+                Arc::new(Field::new("segment_id", DataType::Utf8, false)),
+                Arc::new(Field::new("partition_id", DataType::UInt64, false)),
+                Arc::new(Field::new("dataset_version", DataType::UInt64, false)),
+            ]);
+        }
+        if let Some(column) = &self.id_column {
+            let schema = Schema::from(dataset.schema());
+            let field = schema.field_with_name(column)?;
+            if column.contains('.')
+                || matches!(
+                    field.data_type(),
+                    DataType::FixedSizeList(..)
+                        | DataType::List(..)
+                        | DataType::LargeList(..)
+                        | DataType::Struct(..)
+                        | DataType::Map(..)
+                )
+            {
+                return plan_err!("id_column must be a top-level scalar column");
+            }
+            fields.push(Arc::new(Field::new(
+                "id_a",
+                field.data_type().clone(),
+                field.is_nullable(),
+            )));
+            fields.push(Arc::new(Field::new(
+                "id_b",
+                field.data_type().clone(),
+                field.is_nullable(),
+            )));
+        }
+        Ok(Arc::new(Schema::new(fields)))
+    }
+
+    async fn enrich(
+        &self,
+        batch: arrow_array::RecordBatch,
+        dataset: &Dataset,
+        task: &DuplicatePairTask,
+    ) -> Result<arrow_array::RecordBatch> {
+        use arrow_array::{StringArray, UInt64Array};
+        let mut columns = batch.columns().to_vec();
+        let n = batch.num_rows();
+        if self.scope {
+            columns.extend([
+                Arc::new(StringArray::from(vec![task.segment_id.to_string(); n]))
+                    as arrow_array::ArrayRef,
+                Arc::new(UInt64Array::from(vec![task.partition_id as u64; n])),
+                Arc::new(UInt64Array::from(vec![dataset.version().version; n])),
+            ]);
+        }
+        if let Some(column) = &self.id_column {
+            for endpoint in 0..2 {
+                let ids = batch
+                    .column(endpoint)
+                    .as_any()
+                    .downcast_ref::<UInt64Array>()
+                    .expect("native row IDs");
+                let projection = lance::dataset::ProjectionRequest::from_columns(
+                    [column.as_str()],
+                    dataset.schema(),
+                );
+                let values = dataset.take_rows(ids.values(), projection).await?;
+                if values.num_rows() != n {
+                    return plan_err!("pair row ID is missing from the pinned snapshot");
+                }
+                columns.push(values.column(0).clone());
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(arrow_array::RecordBatch::try_new(
+            self.schema(dataset)?,
+            columns,
+        )?)
+    }
+}
+
 /// Streaming native operator over partition descriptors, never source-vector
 /// rows. Assigned descriptors are consumed sequentially; distributed hosts send
 /// one descriptor per worker request. No Python or per-vector ANN calls.
@@ -341,6 +431,7 @@ pub struct DuplicatePairsExec {
     tasks: Vec<DuplicatePairTask>,
     properties: Arc<PlanProperties>,
     metrics: ExecutionPlanMetricsSet,
+    output: DuplicatePairsOutput,
 }
 
 impl DuplicatePairsExec {
@@ -374,8 +465,23 @@ impl DuplicatePairsExec {
             tasks,
             properties,
             metrics: ExecutionPlanMetricsSet::new(),
+            output: DuplicatePairsOutput::default(),
         })
     }
+    /// Configure optional output fields before dispatching this plan.
+    pub fn with_output(mut self, output: DuplicatePairsOutput) -> Result<Self> {
+        self.properties = Arc::new(PlanProperties::new(
+            EquivalenceProperties::new(output.schema(&self.dataset)?),
+            Partitioning::UnknownPartitioning(1),
+            EmissionType::Incremental,
+            Boundedness::Bounded,
+        ));
+        self.output = output;
+        Ok(self)
+    }
+    pub fn output(&self) -> &DuplicatePairsOutput {
+        &self.output
+    }
     pub fn dataset(&self) -> &Arc<Dataset> {
         &self.dataset
     }
@@ -430,6 +536,7 @@ impl ExecutionPlan for DuplicatePairsExec {
         if partition != 0 {
             return plan_err!("duplicate-pair output partition out of bounds");
         }
+        let output = self.output.clone();
         let tasks = self.tasks.clone();
         let dataset = self.dataset.clone();
         let config = self.config.clone();
@@ -467,6 +574,7 @@ impl ExecutionPlan for DuplicatePairsExec {
         // into one-task PE requests before execution.
         let stream = stream::iter(tasks)
             .then(move |task| {
+                let output = output.clone();
                 let dataset = dataset.clone();
                 let config = config.clone();
                 let reservation = reservation.clone();
@@ -474,7 +582,7 @@ impl ExecutionPlan for DuplicatePairsExec {
                 let completed = completed.clone();
                 async move {
                     let reader = lance::index::vector::dedup::find_duplicate_pairs_in_partition_with_options(
-                        dataset,
+                        dataset.clone(),
                         &config.column,
                         task.segment_id,
                         task.partition_id,
@@ -506,15 +614,19 @@ impl ExecutionPlan for DuplicatePairsExec {
                             }
                         },
                     );
-                    Ok::<_, DataFusionError>(Box::pin(RecordBatchStreamAdapter::new(
-                        duplicate_pair_schema(),
-                        measured,
-                    )) as SendableRecordBatchStream)
+                    let schema = output.schema(&dataset)?;
+                    let measured = measured.and_then(move |batch| {
+                        let output = output.clone();
+                        let dataset = dataset.clone();
+                        let task = task.clone();
+                        async move { output.enrich(batch, &dataset, &task).await }
+                    });
+                    Ok::<_, DataFusionError>(Box::pin(RecordBatchStreamAdapter::new(schema, measured)) as SendableRecordBatchStream)
                 }
             })
             .try_flatten();
         Ok(Box::pin(RecordBatchStreamAdapter::new(
-            duplicate_pair_schema(),
+            self.schema(),
             stream,
         )))
     }
diff --git a/rust/lancedb/src/table/datafusion/udtf/vector_query.rs b/rust/lancedb/src/table/datafusion/udtf/vector_query.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0d4f23d92
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rust/lancedb/src/table/datafusion/udtf/vector_query.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,352 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright The LanceDB Authors
+
+//! Composable index-backed pair and dedup relations. Hosts bind a snapshot once
+//! during planning, distribute the pair child, and use their ordinary SQL sink.
+
+use std::sync::Arc;
+
+use arrow_schema::SchemaRef;
+use async_trait::async_trait;
+use datafusion_catalog::{Session, TableProvider};
+use datafusion_common::{Result, plan_err};
+use datafusion_execution::{SendableRecordBatchStream, TaskContext};
+use datafusion_expr::{Expr, TableType};
+use datafusion_physical_expr::{EquivalenceProperties, Partitioning};
+use datafusion_physical_plan::{
+    DisplayAs, DisplayFormatType, ExecutionPlan, PlanProperties,
+    coalesce_partitions::CoalescePartitionsExec,
+    empty::EmptyExec,
+    execution_plan::{Boundedness, EmissionType},
+    projection::ProjectionExec,
+    stream::RecordBatchStreamAdapter,
+};
+use futures::{TryStreamExt, stream};
+use lance::dataset::scanner::{RowAddrMask, RowAddrTreeMap};
+use lance::{Dataset, index::DatasetIndexInternalExt};
+use lance_core::datatypes::BlobHandling;
+use lance_index::metrics::NoOpMetricsCollector;
+
+use super::duplicate_pairs::{
+    DuplicatePairTask, DuplicatePairsConfig, DuplicatePairsExec, DuplicatePairsOutput,
+    plan_duplicate_pairs,
+};
+use crate::table::{NativeTableExt, datafusion::BaseTableAdapter};
+
+const REPRESENTATIVE_SORT_MEMORY_BYTES: usize = 256 * 1024 * 1024;
+const MATERIALIZE_BATCH_ROWS: usize = 1024;
+
+/// Select nonempty physical IVF scopes before dispatch, never by filtering the
+/// resulting pairs. A count spans all segments; partition IDs are segment-local.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default)]
+pub enum PartitionSelection {
+    #[default]
+    All,
+    First {
+        count: usize,
+    },
+    Random {
+        count: usize,
+        seed: u64,
+    },
+}
+
+/// Query-only options. Snapshot binding is separate so multiple calls in one
+/// statement can share the same immutable dataset.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct VectorQueryOptions {
+    pub column: String,
+    pub distance_threshold: f32,
+    pub selection: PartitionSelection,
+    pub output: DuplicatePairsOutput,
+    pub dedup: bool,
+}
+
+impl BaseTableAdapter {
+    /// Open a retained version, or refresh and capture the latest manifest once.
+    /// No worker is allowed to independently resolve "latest".
+    pub async fn vector_query_snapshot(&self, version: Option<u64>) -> Result<Arc<Dataset>> {
+        let native = self.table.as_native().ok_or_else(|| {
+            datafusion_common::DataFusionError::Plan(
+                "vector queries require a native indexed table".into(),
+            )
+        })?;
+        if version == Some(0) {
+            return plan_err!("dataset_version must be positive");
+        }
+        let current = native
+            .dataset
+            .get()
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| datafusion_common::DataFusionError::External(Box::new(e)))?;
+        Ok(match version {
+            Some(version) => Arc::new(current.checkout_version(version).await?),
+            None => {
+                // Do not change a shared table handle's pinned version.
+                let mut latest = (*current).clone();
+                latest.checkout_latest().await?;
+                Arc::new(latest)
+            }
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+/// A table provider bound to one source snapshot. The host retains the user's
+/// unbound SQL for subsequent refreshes; this provider lives only for this run.
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct VectorQueryTable {
+    dataset: Arc<Dataset>,
+    config: DuplicatePairsConfig,
+    tasks: Vec<DuplicatePairTask>,
+    options: VectorQueryOptions,
+    schema: SchemaRef,
+}
+
+impl VectorQueryTable {
+    pub async fn try_new(dataset: Arc<Dataset>, options: VectorQueryOptions) -> Result<Self> {
+        if options.dedup
+            && (!matches!(options.selection, PartitionSelection::All)
+                || options.output.id_column.is_some())
+        {
+            return plan_err!(
+                "vector_dedup requires all partitions and returns original rows; sampling and id_column are pair-query options"
+            );
+        }
+        let config = DuplicatePairsConfig {
+            dataset_version: dataset.version().version,
+            column: options.column.clone(),
+            distance_threshold: options.distance_threshold,
+        };
+        let mut tasks = plan_duplicate_pairs(dataset.clone(), &config).await?;
+        // Canonical scope order is independent of metadata enumeration order.
+        tasks.sort_by_key(|task| (task.segment_id, task.partition_id));
+        let mut nonempty = Vec::new();
+        for group in tasks.chunk_by(|a, b| a.segment_id == b.segment_id) {
+            let index = dataset
+                .open_vector_index(&config.column, &group[0].segment_id, &NoOpMetricsCollector)
+                .await?;
+            nonempty.extend(
+                group
+                    .iter()
+                    .filter(|task| index.partition_size(task.partition_id) > 0)
+                    .cloned(),
+            );
+        }
+        match options.selection {
+            PartitionSelection::All => {}
+            PartitionSelection::First { count } | PartitionSelection::Random { count, .. }
+                if count == 0 =>
+            {
+                return plan_err!("partition count must be positive");
+            }
+            PartitionSelection::First { count } => nonempty.truncate(count),
+            PartitionSelection::Random { count, seed } => {
+                // A single segment matches ivf_partition's SplitMix64 sampling.
+                // With multiple segments the canonical scope ordinal extends the
+                // same policy without conflating equal partition IDs.
+                let segments = tasks
+                    .iter()
+                    .map(|t| t.segment_id)
+                    .collect::<std::collections::BTreeSet<_>>()
+                    .len();
+                let mut ranked = nonempty
+                    .into_iter()
+                    .enumerate()
+                    .map(|(ordinal, task)| {
+                        let key = if segments == 1 {
+                            task.partition_id as u64
+                        } else {
+                            ordinal as u64
+                        };
+                        (sample_rank(seed, key), task)
+                    })
+                    .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+                ranked.sort_by_key(|(rank, task)| (*rank, task.segment_id, task.partition_id));
+                ranked.truncate(count);
+                nonempty = ranked.into_iter().map(|(_, task)| task).collect();
+                nonempty.sort_by_key(|task| (task.segment_id, task.partition_id));
+            }
+        }
+        let schema = if options.dedup {
+            let mut scanner = dataset.scan();
+            scanner.blob_handling(BlobHandling::AllBinary);
+            scanner.schema().await?
+        } else {
+            options.output.schema(&dataset)?
+        };
+        Ok(Self {
+            dataset,
+            config,
+            tasks: nonempty,
+            options,
+            schema,
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+fn sample_rank(seed: u64, ordinal: u64) -> u64 {
+    let mut value = seed.wrapping_add(ordinal).wrapping_add(0x9E3779B97F4A7C15);
+    value = (value ^ (value >> 30)).wrapping_mul(0xBF58476D1CE4E5B9);
+    value = (value ^ (value >> 27)).wrapping_mul(0x94D049BB133111EB);
+    value ^ (value >> 31)
+}
+
+#[async_trait]
+impl TableProvider for VectorQueryTable {
+    fn schema(&self) -> SchemaRef {
+        self.schema.clone()
+    }
+    fn table_type(&self) -> TableType {
+        TableType::View
+    }
+    async fn scan(
+        &self,
+        _state: &dyn Session,
+        projection: Option<&Vec<usize>>,
+        _filters: &[Expr],
+        _limit: Option<usize>,
+    ) -> Result<Arc<dyn ExecutionPlan>> {
+        let output = if self.options.dedup {
+            DuplicatePairsOutput::default()
+        } else {
+            self.options.output.clone()
+        };
+        let pairs: Arc<dyn ExecutionPlan> = if self.tasks.is_empty() {
+            Arc::new(EmptyExec::new(output.schema(&self.dataset)?))
+        } else {
+            Arc::new(
+                DuplicatePairsExec::try_new(
+                    self.dataset.clone(),
+                    self.config.clone(),
+                    self.tasks.clone(),
+                )?
+                .with_output(output)?,
+            )
+        };
+        let plan: Arc<dyn ExecutionPlan> = if self.options.dedup {
+            Arc::new(VectorDedupExec::new(
+                self.dataset.clone(),
+                pairs,
+                self.schema.clone(),
+            ))
+        } else {
+            pairs
+        };
+        if let Some(indices) = projection {
+            let expressions: Vec<_> = indices
+                .iter()
+                .map(|&i| {
+                    (
+                        Arc::new(datafusion_physical_expr::expressions::Column::new(
+                            self.schema.field(i).name(),
+                            i,
+                        ))
+                            as Arc<dyn datafusion_physical_expr::PhysicalExpr>,
+                        self.schema.field(i).name().clone(),
+                    )
+                })
+                .collect();
+            Ok(Arc::new(ProjectionExec::try_new(expressions, plan)?))
+        } else {
+            Ok(plan)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Greedy direct representatives over the complete pair relation. Sorting spills
+/// to disk; only vertex masks are retained. This has no durable checkpoint and
+/// publishes nothing: failure is handled by the enclosing query/MV transaction.
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct VectorDedupExec {
+    dataset: Arc<Dataset>,
+    pairs: Arc<dyn ExecutionPlan>,
+    properties: Arc<PlanProperties>,
+}
+
+impl VectorDedupExec {
+    fn new(dataset: Arc<Dataset>, pairs: Arc<dyn ExecutionPlan>, schema: SchemaRef) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            dataset,
+            pairs,
+            properties: Arc::new(PlanProperties::new(
+                EquivalenceProperties::new(schema),
+                Partitioning::UnknownPartitioning(1),
+                EmissionType::Final,
+                Boundedness::Bounded,
+            )),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl DisplayAs for VectorDedupExec {
+    fn fmt_as(&self, _: DisplayFormatType, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        write!(
+            f,
+            "VectorDedupExec: source_version={}, policy=direct_representative",
+            self.dataset.version().version
+        )
+    }
+}
+
+impl ExecutionPlan for VectorDedupExec {
+    fn name(&self) -> &str {
+        "VectorDedupExec"
+    }
+    fn properties(&self) -> &Arc<PlanProperties> {
+        &self.properties
+    }
+    fn children(&self) -> Vec<&Arc<dyn ExecutionPlan>> {
+        vec![&self.pairs]
+    }
+    fn with_new_children(
+        self: Arc<Self>,
+        children: Vec<Arc<dyn ExecutionPlan>>,
+    ) -> Result<Arc<dyn ExecutionPlan>> {
+        if children.len() != 1 {
+            return plan_err!("VectorDedupExec requires one pair input");
+        }
+        Ok(Arc::new(Self::new(
+            self.dataset.clone(),
+            children[0].clone(),
+            self.schema(),
+        )))
+    }
+    fn execute(
+        &self,
+        partition: usize,
+        context: Arc<TaskContext>,
+    ) -> Result<SendableRecordBatchStream> {
+        if partition != 0 {
+            return plan_err!("invalid dedup output partition");
+        }
+        let dataset = self.dataset.clone();
+        let pairs = CoalescePartitionsExec::new(self.pairs.clone()).execute(0, context)?;
+        let stream = stream::once(async move {
+            let (removed, _) = crate::materialized_view::vector_dedup::select_representatives(
+                pairs,
+                REPRESENTATIVE_SORT_MEMORY_BYTES,
+            )
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| datafusion_common::DataFusionError::External(Box::new(e)))?;
+            let mut scanner = dataset.scan();
+            scanner
+                .with_row_addr_prefilter(RowAddrMask::from_block(RowAddrTreeMap::from_iter(
+                    removed,
+                )))
+                .blob_handling(BlobHandling::AllBinary)
+                .batch_size(MATERIALIZE_BATCH_ROWS)
+                .strict_batch_size(true);
+            Ok::<_, datafusion_common::DataFusionError>(
+                scanner
+                    .try_into_stream()
+                    .await?
+                    .map_err(datafusion_common::DataFusionError::from),
+            )
+        })
+        .try_flatten();
+        Ok(Box::pin(RecordBatchStreamAdapter::new(
+            self.schema(),
+            stream,
+        )))
+    }
+}
diff --git a/rust/lancedb/tests/duplicate_pairs.rs b/rust/lancedb/tests/duplicate_pairs.rs
index 910088bc8..f7d7ed3a2 100644
--- a/rust/lancedb/tests/duplicate_pairs.rs
+++ b/rust/lancedb/tests/duplicate_pairs.rs
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ async fn sql_pairs_match_native_snapshot_and_partition_tasks() -> anyhow::Result
             .to_str()
             .unwrap()
             .to_string();
-        let n = 1025;
+        let n = 8193;
         let vectors = (0..n * 2)
             .flat_map(|i| {
                 let i = i % n;
@@ -196,6 +196,89 @@ async fn sql_pairs_match_native_snapshot_and_partition_tasks() -> anyhow::Result
             );
             let actual = ctx.sql(&sql).await?.collect().await?;
             assert_eq!(pairs(&actual), pairs(&expected));
+            use lancedb::table::datafusion::udtf::{
+                duplicate_pairs::DuplicatePairsOutput,
+                vector_query::{PartitionSelection, VectorQueryOptions, VectorQueryTable},
+            };
+            let query_options = VectorQueryOptions {
+                column: "vector".into(),
+                distance_threshold: threshold,
+                selection: PartitionSelection::All,
+                output: DuplicatePairsOutput {
+                    scope: true,
+                    id_column: Some("id".into()),
+                },
+                dedup: false,
+            };
+            let provider = VectorQueryTable::try_new(ds.clone(), query_options.clone()).await?;
+            let extended = ctx.read_table(Arc::new(provider))?.collect().await?;
+            assert_eq!(pairs(&extended), pairs(&expected));
+            for batch in &extended {
+                let rowids = batch
+                    .column_by_name("row_id_a")
+                    .unwrap()
+                    .as_any()
+                    .downcast_ref::<UInt64Array>()
+                    .unwrap();
+                let ids = batch
+                    .column_by_name("id_a")
+                    .unwrap()
+                    .as_any()
+                    .downcast_ref::<Int64Array>()
+                    .unwrap();
+                for i in 0..batch.num_rows() {
+                    let expected_id = (rowids.value(i) >> 32) as i64 * n as i64
+                        + (rowids.value(i) & 0xffffffff) as i64;
+                    assert_eq!(ids.value(i), expected_id);
+                }
+            }
+            let mut sampled_options = query_options.clone();
+            sampled_options.selection = PartitionSelection::Random { count: 1, seed: 42 };
+            let sample = ctx
+                .read_table(Arc::new(
+                    VectorQueryTable::try_new(ds.clone(), sampled_options.clone()).await?,
+                ))?
+                .collect()
+                .await?;
+            let replay = ctx
+                .read_table(Arc::new(
+                    VectorQueryTable::try_new(ds.clone(), sampled_options).await?,
+                ))?
+                .collect()
+                .await?;
+            assert_eq!(sample, replay);
+            let scopes = sample
+                .iter()
+                .flat_map(|batch| {
+                    let segments = batch
+                        .column_by_name("segment_id")
+                        .unwrap()
+                        .as_any()
+                        .downcast_ref::<arrow_array::StringArray>()
+                        .unwrap();
+                    let partitions = batch
+                        .column_by_name("partition_id")
+                        .unwrap()
+                        .as_any()
+                        .downcast_ref::<UInt64Array>()
+                        .unwrap();
+                    (0..batch.num_rows())
+                        .map(|i| (segments.value(i).to_string(), partitions.value(i)))
+                        .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+                })
+                .collect::<std::collections::BTreeSet<_>>();
+            assert!(scopes.len() <= 1);
+            let mut dedup_options = query_options;
+            dedup_options.dedup = true;
+            dedup_options.output = DuplicatePairsOutput::default();
+            let clean_query = ctx
+                .read_table(Arc::new(
+                    VectorQueryTable::try_new(ds.clone(), dedup_options).await?,
+                ))?
+                .select(vec![datafusion::prelude::col("id")])?
+                .collect()
+                .await?;
+
             assert_eq!(
                 pairs(&actual).len(),
                 match threshold {
@@ -388,6 +471,21 @@ async fn sql_pairs_match_native_snapshot_and_partition_tasks() -> anyhow::Result
                 .collect::<Vec<_>>();
             actual_ids.sort_unstable();
             expected_ids.sort_unstable();
+            let mut query_ids = clean_query
+                .iter()
+                .flat_map(|batch| {
+                    batch
+                        .column(0)
+                        .as_any()
+                        .downcast_ref::<Int64Array>()
+                        .unwrap()
+                        .values()
+                        .to_vec()
+                })
+                .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+            query_ids.sort_unstable();
+            assert_eq!(query_ids, expected_ids);
+
             assert_eq!(actual_ids, expected_ids);
             if threshold == 1.0 {
                 assert!(actual_ids.contains(&0) && actual_ids.contains(&2));
@@ -510,6 +608,90 @@ async fn dedup_materializes_blob_payloads_null_vectors_and_snapshot_deletions()
         )
         .await?;
         let version = ds.version().version;
+        use lancedb::table::datafusion::udtf::{
+            duplicate_pairs::DuplicatePairsOutput,
+            vector_query::{PartitionSelection, VectorQueryOptions, VectorQueryTable},
+        };
+        let options = VectorQueryOptions {
+            column: "vector".into(),
+            distance_threshold: 1.0,
+            selection: PartitionSelection::All,
+            output: DuplicatePairsOutput::default(),
+            dedup: true,
+        };
+        let mapped = VectorQueryTable::try_new(
+            Arc::new(ds.clone()),
+            VectorQueryOptions {
+                dedup: false,
+                output: DuplicatePairsOutput {
+                    scope: true,
+                    id_column: Some("id".into()),
+                },
+                ..options.clone()
+            },
+        )
+        .await?;
+        let mapped = SessionContext::new()
+            .read_table(Arc::new(mapped))?
+            .collect()
+            .await?;
+        let mut mapped_edges = Vec::new();
+        for batch in mapped {
+            let a = batch
+                .column_by_name("id_a")
+                .unwrap()
+                .as_any()
+                .downcast_ref::<Int64Array>()
+                .unwrap();
+            let b = batch
+                .column_by_name("id_b")
+                .unwrap()
+                .as_any()
+                .downcast_ref::<Int64Array>()
+                .unwrap();
+            for i in 0..batch.num_rows() {
+                mapped_edges.push((a.value(i).min(b.value(i)), a.value(i).max(b.value(i))));
+            }
+        }
+        mapped_edges.sort_unstable();
+        assert_eq!(mapped_edges, [(0, 1), (1, 2)]);
+        let provider = VectorQueryTable::try_new(Arc::new(ds.clone()), options).await?;
+        let query_rows = SessionContext::new()
+            .read_table(Arc::new(provider))?
+            .collect()
+            .await?;
+        let mut query_ids = query_rows
+            .iter()
+            .flat_map(|batch| {
+                batch
+                    .column_by_name("id")
+                    .unwrap()
+                    .as_any()
+                    .downcast_ref::<Int64Array>()
+                    .unwrap()
+                    .values()
+                    .to_vec()
+            })
+            .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+        query_ids.sort_unstable();
+        assert_eq!(query_ids, [0, 2, 3, 4]);
+        for batch in &query_rows {
+            let ids = batch
+                .column_by_name("id")
+                .unwrap()
+                .as_any()
+                .downcast_ref::<Int64Array>()
+                .unwrap();
+            let images = batch
+                .column_by_name("image")
+                .unwrap()
+                .as_any()
+                .downcast_ref::<LargeBinaryArray>()
+                .unwrap();
+            for i in 0..batch.num_rows() {
+                assert_eq!(images.value(i), vec![ids.value(i) as u8; 4096]);
+            }
+        }
         let definition = MaterializedViewDefinition::from_sql(&format!(
             "SELECT * FROM vector_dedup('source', {version}, 'vector', 1)"
         ))?;
@@ -519,6 +701,13 @@ async fn dedup_materializes_blob_payloads_null_vectors_and_snapshot_deletions()
             .await?;
         // A later source delete does not change the declared result snapshot.
         table.delete("id = 0").await?;
+        let adapter = BaseTableAdapter::try_new(table.base_table().clone()).await?;
+        let explicit = adapter.vector_query_snapshot(Some(version)).await?;
+        let latest = adapter.vector_query_snapshot(None).await?;
+        assert_eq!(explicit.version().version, version);
+        assert!(latest.version().version > version);
+        assert_eq!(explicit.count_rows(None).await?, 5);
+        assert_eq!(latest.count_rows(None).await?, 4);
         clean.refresh().execute().await?;
         assert_eq!(clean.table().count_rows(None).await?, 4);
         let output = Dataset::open(&clean.table().uri().await?).await?;