feat(python)!: async-sync feature parity on Connections (#1905)

Closes #1791
Closes #1764
Closes #1897 (Makes this unnecessary)

BREAKING CHANGE: when using azure connection string `az://...` the call
to connect will fail if the azure storage credentials are not set. this
is breaking from the previous behaviour where the call would fail after
connect, when user invokes methods on the connection.

python/python/tests/test_table.py

@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ class MockDB:
     def __init__(self, uri: Path):
         self.uri = str(uri)
         self.read_consistency_interval = None
+        self.storage_options = None
 
     @functools.cached_property
     def is_managed_remote(self) -> bool: