feat: provide timeout parameter for merge_insert (#2378)

Provides the ability to set a timeout for merge insert. The default
underlying timeout is however long the first attempt takes, or if there
are multiple attempts, 30 seconds. This has two use cases:

1. Make the timeout shorter, when you want to fail if it takes too long.
2. Allow taking more time to do retries.

<!-- This is an auto-generated comment: release notes by coderabbit.ai
-->
## Summary by CodeRabbit

- **New Features**
- Added support for specifying a timeout when performing merge insert
operations in Python, Node.js, and Rust APIs.
- Introduced a new option to control the maximum allowed execution time
for merge inserts, including retry timeout handling.

- **Documentation**
- Updated and added documentation to describe the new timeout option and
its usage in APIs.

- **Tests**
- Added and updated tests to verify correct timeout behavior during
merge insert operations.
<!-- end of auto-generated comment: release notes by coderabbit.ai -->

python/src/table.rs

@@ -649,6 +649,9 @@ impl Table {
             builder
                 .when_not_matched_by_source_delete(parameters.when_not_matched_by_source_condition);
         }
+        if let Some(timeout) = parameters.timeout {
+            builder.timeout(timeout);
+        }
 
         future_into_py(self_.py(), async move {
             let res = builder.execute(Box::new(batches)).await.infer_error()?;
@@ -807,6 +810,7 @@ pub struct MergeInsertParams {
     when_not_matched_insert_all: bool,
     when_not_matched_by_source_delete: bool,
     when_not_matched_by_source_condition: Option<String>,
+    timeout: Option<std::time::Duration>,
 }
 
 #[pyclass]