chore!: change support python version from 3.10 to 3.13 (#2955)

Python 3.9 is EOL since Oct 2025. and last two pyarrow builts were
against python3.10-3.13.

* This PR is contributed by codex-gpt5.2

python/CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ The Python package is a wrapper around the Rust library, `lancedb`. We use
 
 To set up your development environment, you will need to install the following:
 
-1. Python 3.9 or later
+1. Python 3.10 or later
 2. Cargo (Rust's package manager). Use [rustup](https://rustup.rs/) to install.
 3. [protoc](https://grpc.io/docs/protoc-installation/) (Protocol Buffers compiler)
 

python/Cargo.toml

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ lance-core.workspace = true
 lance-namespace.workspace = true
 lance-io.workspace = true
 env_logger.workspace = true
-pyo3 = { version = "0.25", features = ["extension-module", "abi3-py39"] }
+pyo3 = { version = "0.25", features = ["extension-module", "abi3-py310"] }
 pyo3-async-runtimes = { version = "0.25", features = [
     "attributes",
     "tokio-runtime",
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ tokio = { version = "1.40", features = ["sync"] }
 [build-dependencies]
 pyo3-build-config = { version = "0.25", features = [
     "extension-module",
-    "abi3-py39",
+    "abi3-py310",
 ] }
 
 [features]

python/pyproject.toml

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ description = "lancedb"
 authors = [{ name = "LanceDB Devs", email = "dev@lancedb.com" }]
 license = { file = "LICENSE" }
 readme = "README.md"
-requires-python = ">=3.9"
+requires-python = ">=3.10"
 keywords = [
     "data-format",
     "data-science",
@@ -33,10 +33,10 @@ classifiers = [
     "Programming Language :: Python",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3 :: Only",
-    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.12",
+    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.13",
     "Topic :: Scientific/Engineering",
 ]
 
@@ -137,4 +137,4 @@ include = [
     "python/lancedb/_lancedb.pyi",
 ]
 exclude = ["python/tests/"]
-pythonVersion = "3.12"
+pythonVersion = "3.13"

python/python/tests/test_pydantic.py

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 # SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright The LanceDB Authors
 
 import json
-import sys
 from datetime import date, datetime
 from typing import List, Optional, Tuple
 
@@ -20,10 +19,6 @@ from pydantic import BaseModel
 from pydantic import Field
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skipif(
-    sys.version_info < (3, 9),
-    reason="using native type alias requires python3.9 or higher",
-)
 def test_pydantic_to_arrow():
     class StructModel(pydantic.BaseModel):
         a: str
@@ -83,10 +78,6 @@ def test_pydantic_to_arrow():
     assert schema == expect_schema
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skipif(
-    sys.version_info < (3, 10),
-    reason="using | type syntax requires python3.10 or higher",
-)
 def test_optional_types_py310():
     class TestModel(pydantic.BaseModel):
         a: str | None
@@ -105,11 +96,7 @@ def test_optional_types_py310():
     assert schema == expect_schema
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skipif(
-    sys.version_info < (3, 10),
-    reason="using PEP 604 union types requires python3.10 or higher",
-)
-def test_optional_structs_py310():
+def test_optional_structs():
     class SplitInfo(pydantic.BaseModel):
         start_frame: int
         end_frame: int
@@ -138,10 +125,6 @@ def test_optional_structs_py310():
     assert schema == expect_schema
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skipif(
-    sys.version_info < (3, 10),
-    reason="using PEP 604 union types requires python3.10 or higher",
-)
 def test_optional_struct_list_py310():
     class SplitInfo(pydantic.BaseModel):
         start_frame: int
@@ -173,10 +156,6 @@ def test_optional_struct_list_py310():
     assert schema == expect_schema
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skipif(
-    sys.version_info < (3, 9),
-    reason="using native type alias requires python3.9 or higher",
-)
 def test_nested_struct_list():
     class SplitInfo(pydantic.BaseModel):
         start_frame: int
@@ -208,10 +187,6 @@ def test_nested_struct_list():
     assert schema == expect_schema
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skipif(
-    sys.version_info < (3, 9),
-    reason="using native type alias requires python3.9 or higher",
-)
 def test_nested_struct_list_optional():
     class SplitInfo(pydantic.BaseModel):
         start_frame: int
@@ -313,10 +288,6 @@ def test_nested_struct_list_optional_container_and_items():
     assert schema == expect_schema
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skipif(
-    sys.version_info < (3, 10),
-    reason="using PEP 604 union types requires python3.10 or higher",
-)
 def test_nested_struct_list_optional_items_pep604():
     class SplitInfo(pydantic.BaseModel):
         start_frame: int
@@ -352,10 +323,6 @@ def test_nested_struct_list_optional_items_pep604():
     assert schema == expect_schema
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skipif(
-    sys.version_info > (3, 8),
-    reason="using native type alias requires python3.9 or higher",
-)
 def test_pydantic_to_arrow_py38():
     class StructModel(pydantic.BaseModel):
         a: str