feat: add native OAuth/OIDC authentication support

Add OAuthConfig and OAuthHeaderProvider to the Rust core with support
for five OAuth flows: ClientCredentials, AuthorizationCodePKCE,
DeviceCode, AzureManagedIdentity, and WorkloadIdentity. Token
acquisition and auto-refresh happen entirely in Rust.

Python and TypeScript expose OAuthConfig as a plain config object that
maps to the Rust header provider via FFI — no dynamic callbacks cross
the language boundary.

ConnectBuilder gains an oauth_config() method that replaces the API key
requirement when OAuth is configured.

docs/src/js/enumerations/OAuthFlowType.md

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+[**@lancedb/lancedb**](../README.md) • **Docs**
+
+***
+
+[@lancedb/lancedb](../globals.md) / OAuthFlowType
+
+# Enumeration: OAuthFlowType
+
+OAuth authentication flow types.
+
+## Enumeration Members
+
+### AzureManagedIdentity
+
+```ts
+AzureManagedIdentity: "azure_managed_identity";
+```
+
+Azure Managed Identity via IMDS.
+
+***
+
+### ClientCredentials
+
+```ts
+ClientCredentials: "client_credentials";
+```
+
+Client Credentials grant (service-to-service / M2M).

docs/src/js/globals.md

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 ## Enumerations
 
 - [FullTextQueryType](enumerations/FullTextQueryType.md)
+- [OAuthFlowType](enumerations/OAuthFlowType.md)
 - [Occur](enumerations/Occur.md)
 - [Operator](enumerations/Operator.md)
 
@@ -85,6 +86,8 @@
 - [ListNamespacesResponse](interfaces/ListNamespacesResponse.md)
 - [LsmWriteSpec](interfaces/LsmWriteSpec.md)
 - [MergeResult](interfaces/MergeResult.md)
+- [NativeOAuthConfig](interfaces/NativeOAuthConfig.md)
+- [OAuthConfig](interfaces/OAuthConfig.md)
 - [OpenTableOptions](interfaces/OpenTableOptions.md)
 - [OptimizeOptions](interfaces/OptimizeOptions.md)
 - [OptimizeStats](interfaces/OptimizeStats.md)

docs/src/js/interfaces/ConnectionOptions.md

@@ -64,6 +64,19 @@ client used by manifest-enabled native connections.
 
 ***
 
+### oauthConfig?
+
+```ts
+optional oauthConfig: NativeOAuthConfig;
+```
+
+(For LanceDB cloud only): OAuth configuration for IdP-based
+authentication (e.g., Azure Entra ID). When set, token acquisition
+and refresh are handled entirely in Rust. TypeScript users should pass
+the public `OAuthConfig` type exported from `@lancedb/lancedb`.
+
+***
+
 ### readConsistencyInterval?
 
 ```ts

docs/src/js/interfaces/NativeOAuthConfig.md

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+[**@lancedb/lancedb**](../README.md) • **Docs**
+
+***
+
+[@lancedb/lancedb](../globals.md) / NativeOAuthConfig
+
+# Interface: NativeOAuthConfig
+
+OAuth configuration for LanceDB authentication.
+
+This is the generated napi-rs binding shape. TypeScript users should prefer
+the public `OAuthConfig` type exported from `@lancedb/lancedb`.
+
+All token acquisition and refresh is handled in the Rust layer.
+
+## Properties
+
+### clientId
+
+```ts
+clientId: string;
+```
+
+Application / Client ID.
+
+***
+
+### clientSecret?
+
+```ts
+optional clientSecret: string;
+```
+
+Client secret (required for client_credentials).
+
+***
+
+### flow?
+
+```ts
+optional flow: string;
+```
+
+Authentication flow: "client_credentials" or "azure_managed_identity"
+
+***
+
+### issuerUrl
+
+```ts
+issuerUrl: string;
+```
+
+OIDC issuer URL or OAuth authority URL.
+For Azure: `https://login.microsoftonline.com/{tenant_id}/v2.0`
+
+***
+
+### managedIdentityClientId?
+
+```ts
+optional managedIdentityClientId: string;
+```
+
+Client ID for user-assigned managed identity (azure_managed_identity).
+
+***
+
+### refreshBufferSecs?
+
+```ts
+optional refreshBufferSecs: number;
+```
+
+Seconds before expiry to trigger proactive refresh (default: 300).
+
+***
+
+### scopes
+
+```ts
+scopes: string[];
+```
+
+OAuth scopes to request. For Azure managed identity, exactly one scope
+or resource is required. For example: `["api://{app_id}/.default"]`

docs/src/js/interfaces/OAuthConfig.md

@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+[**@lancedb/lancedb**](../README.md) • **Docs**
+
+***
+
+[@lancedb/lancedb](../globals.md) / OAuthConfig
+
+# Interface: OAuthConfig
+
+OAuth configuration for LanceDB authentication.
+
+This is the public TypeScript OAuth configuration type. The generated
+`NativeOAuthConfig` type has the same runtime shape but is an implementation
+detail of the napi-rs binding.
+
+All token acquisition and refresh is handled in the Rust layer.
+This config is passed through to Rust via napi-rs.
+
+## Examples
+
+```typescript
+const config: OAuthConfig = {
+  issuerUrl: "https://login.microsoftonline.com/{tenant}/v2.0",
+  clientId: "app-id",
+  clientSecret: "secret",
+  scopes: ["api://lancedb-api/.default"],
+};
+```
+
+```typescript
+const config: OAuthConfig = {
+  issuerUrl: "https://login.microsoftonline.com/{tenant}/v2.0",
+  clientId: "app-id",
+  scopes: ["api://lancedb-api/.default"],
+  flow: OAuthFlowType.AzureManagedIdentity,
+};
+```
+
+## Properties
+
+### clientId
+
+```ts
+clientId: string;
+```
+
+Application / Client ID.
+
+***
+
+### clientSecret?
+
+```ts
+optional clientSecret: string;
+```
+
+Client secret (required for ClientCredentials).
+
+***
+
+### flow?
+
+```ts
+optional flow: OAuthFlowType;
+```
+
+Authentication flow (default: ClientCredentials).
+
+***
+
+### issuerUrl
+
+```ts
+issuerUrl: string;
+```
+
+OIDC issuer URL or OAuth authority URL.
+For Azure: `https://login.microsoftonline.com/{tenant_id}/v2.0`
+
+***
+
+### managedIdentityClientId?
+
+```ts
+optional managedIdentityClientId: string;
+```
+
+Client ID for user-assigned managed identity (AzureManagedIdentity).
+
+***
+
+### refreshBufferSecs?
+
+```ts
+optional refreshBufferSecs: number;
+```
+
+Seconds before expiry to trigger proactive refresh (default: 300).
+
+***
+
+### scopes
+
+```ts
+scopes: string[];
+```
+
+OAuth scopes to request.
+For Azure managed identity, exactly one scope or resource is required.
+For example: `["api://{app_id}/.default"]`