diff --git a/python/python/lancedb/permutation.py b/python/python/lancedb/permutation.py
index 355ebf798..e95db27f6 100644
--- a/python/python/lancedb/permutation.py
+++ b/python/python/lancedb/permutation.py
@@ -909,9 +909,11 @@ class Permutation:
                 f"Cannot rename column `{old_name}` to `{new_name}` because a column "
                 "with that name already exists"
             )
-        new_selection = self.selection.copy()
-        new_selection[new_name] = new_selection[old_name]
-        del new_selection[old_name]
+        # Rebuild the mapping so the renamed column keeps its position
+        new_selection = {
+            (new_name if name == old_name else name): value
+            for name, value in self.selection.items()
+        }
         return self._with_selection(new_selection)
 
     def rename_columns(self, column_map: dict[str, str]) -> "Permutation":
diff --git a/python/python/tests/test_permutation.py b/python/python/tests/test_permutation.py
index ed1894340..50ca53061 100644
--- a/python/python/tests/test_permutation.py
+++ b/python/python/tests/test_permutation.py
@@ -811,6 +811,13 @@ def test_rename_column(some_permutation: Permutation):
         some_permutation.rename_column("non_existent", "new_value")
 
 
+def test_rename_column_keeps_position(some_permutation: Permutation):
+    renamed = some_permutation.rename_column("id", "new_id")
+    assert renamed.schema == pa.schema([("new_id", pa.int64()), ("value", pa.int64())])
+    batch = renamed.with_format("arrow").__getitems__([0])
+    assert batch.schema.names == ["new_id", "value"]
+
+
 def test_rename_columns(some_permutation: Permutation):
     assert some_permutation.rename_columns({"value": "new_value"}).schema == pa.schema(
         [("id", pa.int64()), ("new_value", pa.int64())]