feat: connection-level job operations (#3755)

Adds job operations to the connection surface, building on the Job
handle from #3742: job(id), list_jobs, get_job, cancel_job, and
job_history, plus a non-blocking Job.status(). Implemented on the
Database trait (defaulting to NotSupported), the remote backend
(/v1/jobs), and the Python and Node bindings; job_history returns Arrow
batches.

errors() and progress() are not included.

Tested with mocked endpoints in all three languages.

---------

Co-authored-by: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

python/python/lancedb/job.py

@@ -32,6 +32,18 @@ class AsyncJob:
         """
         return self._inner.id if self._inner is not None else None
 
+    async def status(self) -> str:
+        """The operation's current lifecycle state: "running", "finished",
+        "failed", or "cancelled".
+
+        A point snapshot; unlike `wait` it does not block or raise on a
+        terminal failure state. States a newer server reports that this
+        client version does not know pass through as-is.
+        """
+        if self._inner is None:
+            return "finished"
+        return await self._inner.status()
+
     async def wait(self, timeout: Optional[timedelta] = None):
         """Wait until the operation reaches a terminal state.
 
@@ -66,6 +78,16 @@ class Job:
         """
         return self._inner.id if self._inner is not None else None
 
+    def status(self) -> str:
+        """The operation's current lifecycle state: "running", "finished",
+        "failed", or "cancelled".
+
+        See :meth:`AsyncJob.status`.
+        """
+        if self._inner is None:
+            return "finished"
+        return LOOP.run(self._inner.status())
+
     def wait(self, timeout: Optional[timedelta] = None):
         """Block until the operation reaches a terminal state.