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lancedb/vendor/lance-encoding/src/decoder.rs

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// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright The LanceDB Authors
// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright The Lance Authors
//! Utilities and traits for scheduling & decoding data
//!
//! Reading data involves two steps: scheduling and decoding. The
//! scheduling step is responsible for figuring out what data is needed
//! and issuing the appropriate I/O requests. The decoding step is
//! responsible for taking the loaded data and turning it into Arrow
//! arrays.
//!
//! # Scheduling
//!
//! Scheduling is split into `FieldScheduler` and `PageScheduler`.
//! There is one field scheduler for each output field, which may map to many
//! columns of actual data. A field scheduler is responsible for figuring out
//! the order in which pages should be scheduled. Field schedulers then delegate
//! to page schedulers to figure out the I/O requests that need to be made for
//! the page.
//!
//! Page schedulers also create the decoders that will be used to decode the
//! scheduled data.
//!
//! # Decoding
//!
//! Decoders are split into `PhysicalPageDecoder` and
//! [`LogicalPageDecoder`]. Note that both physical and logical decoding
//! happens on a per-page basis. There is no concept of a "field decoder" or
//! "column decoder".
//!
//! The physical decoders handle lower level encodings. They have a few advantages:
//!
//! * They do not need to decode into an Arrow array and so they don't need
//! to be enveloped into the Arrow filesystem (e.g. Arrow doesn't have a
//! bit-packed type. We can use variable-length binary but that is kind
//! of awkward)
//! * They can decode into an existing allocation. This can allow for "page
//! bridging". If we are trying to decode into a batch of 1024 rows and
//! the rows 0..1024 are spread across two pages then we can avoid a memory
//! copy by allocating once and decoding each page into the outer allocation.
//! (note: page bridging is not actually implemented yet)
//!
//! However, there are some limitations for physical decoders:
//!
//! * They are constrained to a single column
//! * The API is more complex
//!
//! The logical decoders are designed to map one or more columns of Lance
//! data into an Arrow array.
//!
//! Typically, a "logical encoding" will have both a logical decoder and a field scheduler.
//! Meanwhile, a "physical encoding" will have a physical decoder but no corresponding field
//! scheduler.
//!
//!
//! # General notes
//!
//! Encodings are typically nested into each other to form a tree. The top of the tree is
//! the user requested schema. Each field in that schema is assigned to one top-level logical
//! encoding. That encoding can then contain other logical encodings or physical encodings.
//! Physical encodings can also contain other physical encodings.
//!
//! So, for example, a single field in the Arrow schema might have the type `List<UInt32>`
//!
//! The encoding tree could then be:
//!
//! root: List (logical encoding)
//! - indices: Primitive (logical encoding)
//! - column: Basic (physical encoding)
//! - validity: Bitmap (physical encoding)
//! - values: RLE (physical encoding)
//! - runs: Value (physical encoding)
//! - values: Value (physical encoding)
//! - items: Primitive (logical encoding)
//! - column: Basic (physical encoding)
//! - values: Value (physical encoding)
//!
//! Note that, in this example, root.items.column does not have a validity because there were
//! no nulls in the page.
//!
//! ## Multiple buffers or multiple columns?
//!
//! Note that there are many different ways we can write encodings. For example, we might
//! store primitive fields in a single column with two buffers (one for validity and one for
//! values)
//!
//! On the other hand, we could also store a primitive field as two different columns. One
//! that yields a non-nullable boolean array and one that yields a non-nullable array of items.
//! Then we could combine these two arrays into a single array where the boolean array is the
//! bitmap. There are a few subtle differences between the approaches:
//!
//! * Storing things as multiple buffers within the same column is generally more efficient and
//! easier to schedule. For example, in-batch coalescing is very easy but can only be done
//! on data that is in the same page.
//! * When things are stored in multiple columns you have to worry about their pages not being
//! in sync. In our previous validity / values example this means we might have to do some
//! memory copies to get the validity array and values arrays to be the same length as
//! decode.
//! * When things are stored in a single column, projection is impossible. For example, if we
//! tried to store all the struct fields in a single column with lots of buffers then we wouldn't
//! be able to read back individual fields of the struct.
//!
//! The fixed size list decoding is an interesting example because it is actually both a physical
//! encoding and a logical encoding. A fixed size list of a physical encoding is, itself, a physical
//! encoding (e.g. a fixed size list of doubles). However, a fixed size list of a logical encoding
//! is a logical encoding (e.g. a fixed size list of structs).
//!
//! # The scheduling loop
//!
//! Reading a Lance file involves both scheduling and decoding. Its generally expected that these
//! will run as two separate threads.
//!
//! ```text
//!
//! I/O PARALLELISM
//! Issues
//! Requests ┌─────────────────┐
//! │ │ Wait for
//! ┌──────────► I/O Service ├─────► Enough I/O ◄─┐
//! │ │ │ For batch │
//! │ └─────────────────┘ │3 │
//! │ │ │
//! │ │ │2
//! ┌─────────────────────┴─┐ ┌─────────▼───────┴┐
//! │ │ │ │Poll
//! │ Batch Decode │ Decode tasks sent via channel│ Batch Decode │1
//! │ Scheduler ├─────────────────────────────►│ Stream ◄─────
//! │ │ │ │
//! └─────▲─────────────┬───┘ └─────────┬────────┘
//! │ │ │4
//! │ │ │
//! └─────────────┘ ┌────────┴────────┐
//! Caller of schedule_range Buffer polling │ │
//! will be scheduler thread to achieve CPU │ Decode Batch ├────►
//! and schedule one decode parallelism │ Task │
//! task (and all needed I/O) (thread per │ │
//! per logical page batch) └─────────────────┘
//! ```
//!
//! The scheduling thread will work through the file from the
//! start to the end as quickly as possible. Data is scheduled one page at a time in a row-major
//! fashion. For example, imagine we have a file with the following page structure:
//!
//! ```text
//! Score (Float32) | C0P0 |
//! Id (16-byte UUID) | C1P0 | C1P1 | C1P2 | C1P3 |
//! Vector (4096 bytes) | C2P0 | C2P1 | C2P2 | C2P3 | .. | C2P1024 |
//! ```
//!
//! This would be quite common as each of these pages has the same number of bytes. Let's pretend
//! each page is 1MiB and so there are 256Ki rows of data. Each page of `Score` has 256Ki rows.
//! Each page of `Id` has 64Ki rows. Each page of `Vector` has 256 rows. The scheduler would then
//! schedule in the following order:
//!
//! C0 P0
//! C1 P0
//! C2 P0
//! C2 P1
//! ... (254 pages omitted)
//! C2 P255
//! C1 P1
//! C2 P256
//! ... (254 pages omitted)
//! C2 P511
//! C1 P2
//! C2 P512
//! ... (254 pages omitted)
//! C2 P767
//! C1 P3
//! C2 P768
//! ... (254 pages omitted)
//! C2 P1024
//!
//! This is the ideal scheduling order because it means we can decode complete rows as quickly as possible.
//! Note that the scheduler thread does not need to wait for I/O to happen at any point. As soon as it starts
//! it will start scheduling one page of I/O after another until it has scheduled the entire file's worth of
//! I/O. This is slightly different than other file readers which have "row group parallelism" and will
//! typically only schedule X row groups worth of reads at a time.
//!
//! In the near future there will be a backpressure mechanism and so it may need to stop/pause if the compute
//! falls behind.
//!
//! ## Indirect I/O
//!
//! Regrettably, there are times where we cannot know exactly what data we need until we have partially decoded
//! the file. This happens when we have variable sized list data. In that case the scheduling task for that
//! page will only schedule the first part of the read (loading the list offsets). It will then immediately
//! spawn a new tokio task to wait for that I/O and decode the list offsets. That follow-up task is not part
//! of the scheduling loop or the decode loop. It is a free task. Once the list offsets are decoded we submit
//! a follow-up I/O task. This task is scheduled at a high priority because the decoder is going to need it soon.
//!
//! # The decode loop
//!
//! As soon as the scheduler starts we can start decoding. Each time we schedule a page we
//! push a decoder for that page's data into a channel. The decode loop
//! ([`BatchDecodeStream`]) reads from that channel. Each time it receives a decoder it
//! waits until the decoder has all of its data. Then it grabs the next decoder. Once it has
//! enough loaded decoders to complete a batch worth of rows it will spawn a "decode batch task".
//!
//! These batch decode tasks perform the actual CPU work of decoding the loaded data into Arrow
//! arrays. This may involve signifciant CPU processing like decompression or arithmetic in order
//! to restore the data to its correct in-memory representation.
//!
//! ## Batch size
//!
//! The `BatchDecodeStream` is configured with a batch size. This does not need to have any
//! relation to the page size(s) used to write the data. This keeps our compute work completely
//! independent of our I/O work. We suggest using small batch sizes:
//!
//! * Batches should fit in CPU cache (at least L3)
//! * More batches means more opportunity for parallelism
//! * The "batch overhead" is very small in Lance compared to other formats because it has no
//! relation to the way the data is stored.
use std::collections::VecDeque;
use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicU64, Ordering};
use std::sync::{LazyLock, Mutex, Once, OnceLock};
use std::{ops::Range, sync::Arc};
use arrow_array::cast::AsArray;
use arrow_array::{ArrayRef, RecordBatch, RecordBatchIterator, RecordBatchReader};
use arrow_schema::{ArrowError, DataType, Field as ArrowField, Fields, Schema as ArrowSchema};
use bytes::Bytes;
use futures::channel::oneshot;
use futures::future::{BoxFuture, MaybeDone, Shared, maybe_done};
use futures::stream::{self, BoxStream};
use futures::{FutureExt, StreamExt};
use lance_arrow::DataTypeExt;
use lance_core::cache::{Context, DeepSizeOf, LanceCache};
use lance_core::datatypes::{
BLOB_DESC_LANCE_FIELD, Field, Schema, validate_fixed_size_list_dimensions,
};
use lance_core::utils::futures::{FinallyStreamExt, StreamOnDropExt};
use lance_core::utils::parse::parse_env_as_bool;
use log::{debug, trace, warn};
use prost::Message;
use tokio::sync::mpsc::error::SendError;
use tokio::sync::mpsc::{self, unbounded_channel};
use lance_core::error::{CloneableError, LanceOptionExt};
use lance_core::{ArrowResult, Error, Result};
use tracing::instrument;
use crate::array_encoding::logical::list::OffsetPageInfo;
use crate::array_encoding::logical::r#struct::{SimpleStructDecoder, SimpleStructScheduler};
use crate::array_encoding::logical::{
binary::BinaryFieldScheduler, blob::BlobFieldScheduler, list::ListFieldScheduler,
primitive::PrimitiveFieldScheduler,
};
use crate::compression::{DecompressionStrategy, DefaultDecompressionStrategy};
use crate::data::DataBlock;
use crate::encoder::EncodedBatch;
use crate::encodings::logical::fixed_size_list::StructuralFixedSizeListScheduler;
use crate::encodings::logical::list::StructuralListScheduler;
use crate::encodings::logical::map::StructuralMapScheduler;
use crate::encodings::logical::primitive::StructuralPrimitiveFieldScheduler;
use crate::encodings::logical::r#struct::{StructuralStructDecoder, StructuralStructScheduler};
use crate::format::pb::{self, column_encoding};
use crate::format::pb21;
use crate::repdef::{CompositeRepDefUnraveler, RepDefUnraveler};
use crate::{BufferScheduler, EncodingsIo};
/// Candidate batch sizes evaluated during byte-budget planning.
/// Powers of 4, covering 1–16Ki rows in 8 probes.
pub const CANDIDATE_BATCH_SIZES: [u32; 8] = [1, 4, 16, 64, 256, 1024, 4096, 16384];
pub trait SchedulingJob: std::fmt::Debug {
fn schedule_next(
&mut self,
context: &mut SchedulerContext,
priority: &dyn PriorityRange,
) -> Result<ScheduledScanLine>;
fn num_rows(&self) -> u64;
}
/// Schedules the I/O needed to decode one field.
pub trait FieldScheduler: Send + Sync + std::fmt::Debug {
fn initialize<'a>(
&'a self,
filter: &'a FilterExpression,
context: &'a SchedulerContext,
) -> BoxFuture<'a, Result<()>>;
fn schedule_ranges<'a>(
&'a self,
ranges: &[Range<u64>],
filter: &FilterExpression,
) -> Result<Box<dyn SchedulingJob + 'a>>;
fn num_rows(&self) -> u64;
}
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct DecoderReady {
pub decoder: Box<dyn LogicalPageDecoder>,
pub path: VecDeque<u32>,
}
/// Stateful decoder for one logical page.
pub trait LogicalPageDecoder: std::fmt::Debug + Send {
fn accept_child(&mut self, _child: DecoderReady) -> Result<()> {
Err(Error::internal(format!(
"The decoder {:?} does not expect children but received a child",
self
)))
}
fn wait_for_loaded(&'_ mut self, loaded_need: u64) -> BoxFuture<'_, Result<()>>;
fn rows_loaded(&self) -> u64;
fn rows_unloaded(&self) -> u64 {
self.num_rows() - self.rows_loaded()
}
fn num_rows(&self) -> u64;
fn rows_drained(&self) -> u64;
fn rows_left(&self) -> u64 {
self.num_rows() - self.rows_drained()
}
fn drain(&mut self, num_rows: u64) -> Result<NextDecodeTask>;
/// Returns how many of the requested rows can be decoded into one Arrow array
/// while keeping every i32 offset buffer within `byte_budget` bytes.
///
/// Most page decoders can always drain the full request and consume no budget.
/// Decoders that build arrays with i32 offsets (Utf8 / Binary / List) may return
/// fewer rows so that the concatenated array's offsets stay representable, and
/// report the budget those rows consume so callers can accumulate across pages.
fn max_rows_to_drain(&self, num_rows: u64, _byte_budget: u64) -> Result<DrainLimit> {
Ok(DrainLimit {
rows: num_rows,
bytes: 0,
})
}
fn data_type(&self) -> &DataType;
}
/// Result of limiting a drain request to a variable-width byte budget.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub struct DrainLimit {
/// How many of the requested rows can be decoded into one Arrow array
pub rows: u64,
/// The variable-width bytes (at the most constrained i32-offset nesting level)
/// those rows consume from the caller's budget
pub bytes: u64,
}
/// The byte budget applied to each output batch of an i32-offset column.
///
/// Concatenating decoded pages into one Arrow array fails when a variable-width
/// buffer's offsets exceed `i32::MAX`, so batches are split before that point.
pub(crate) const I32_OFFSET_BYTE_BUDGET: u64 = i32::MAX as u64;
/// Clamp a batch's row count to the byte-budgeted limit.
///
/// A batch always advances by at least one row: a first row whose (possibly
/// over-estimated) size exceeds the whole budget is emitted alone. A genuinely
/// oversized row then surfaces the same arrow-level offset error it always did,
/// while an over-estimated one decodes fine.
fn clamp_rows_to_i32_budget(limit: DrainLimit, to_take: u64) -> u64 {
if to_take == 0 {
return 0;
}
limit.rows.clamp(1, to_take)
}
/// Returns whether concatenating arrays of this type can overflow an i32 offset buffer.
pub(crate) fn has_i32_offsets(data_type: &DataType) -> bool {
match data_type {
DataType::Binary | DataType::Utf8 | DataType::List(_) | DataType::ListView(_) => true,
DataType::Map(_, _) => true,
DataType::LargeList(field)
| DataType::LargeListView(field)
| DataType::FixedSizeList(field, _) => has_i32_offsets(field.data_type()),
DataType::Struct(fields) => fields
.iter()
.any(|field| has_i32_offsets(field.data_type())),
DataType::Dictionary(_, values) => has_i32_offsets(values),
DataType::RunEndEncoded(_, values) => has_i32_offsets(values.data_type()),
_ => false,
}
}
// If users are getting batches over 10MiB large then it's time to reduce the batch size
const BATCH_SIZE_BYTES_WARNING: u64 = 10 * 1024 * 1024;
const ENV_LANCE_STRUCTURAL_BATCH_DECODE_SPAWN_MODE: &str =
"LANCE_STRUCTURAL_BATCH_DECODE_SPAWN_MODE";
const ENV_LANCE_READ_CACHE_REPETITION_INDEX: &str = "LANCE_READ_CACHE_REPETITION_INDEX";
const ENV_LANCE_INLINE_SCHEDULING_THRESHOLD: &str = "LANCE_INLINE_SCHEDULING_THRESHOLD";
// If a request is for at most this many rows we skip the scheduler-task spawn
// and run scheduling inline as part of the `schedule_and_decode` await.
const DEFAULT_INLINE_SCHEDULING_THRESHOLD: u64 = 16 * 1024;
fn default_cache_repetition_index() -> bool {
static DEFAULT_CACHE_REPETITION_INDEX: OnceLock<bool> = OnceLock::new();
*DEFAULT_CACHE_REPETITION_INDEX
.get_or_init(|| parse_env_as_bool(ENV_LANCE_READ_CACHE_REPETITION_INDEX, true))
}
fn inline_scheduling_threshold() -> u64 {
static THRESHOLD: OnceLock<u64> = OnceLock::new();
*THRESHOLD.get_or_init(|| {
std::env::var(ENV_LANCE_INLINE_SCHEDULING_THRESHOLD)
.ok()
.and_then(|v| v.trim().parse::<u64>().ok())
.unwrap_or(DEFAULT_INLINE_SCHEDULING_THRESHOLD)
})
}
/// Top-level encoding message for a page. Wraps both the v2.0
/// [`pb::ArrayEncoding`] grammar and the structural [`pb21::PageLayout`] grammar.
///
/// A file should only use one or the other and never both.
/// 2.0 decoders can always assume this is pb::ArrayEncoding
/// and 2.1+ decoders can always assume this is pb::PageLayout
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub enum PageEncoding {
Legacy(pb::ArrayEncoding),
Structural(pb21::PageLayout),
}
impl DeepSizeOf for PageEncoding {
fn deep_size_of_children(&self, _context: &mut Context) -> usize {
match self {
Self::Legacy(encoding) => encoding.encoded_len() * 4,
Self::Structural(encoding) => encoding.encoded_len() * 4,
}
}
}
impl PageEncoding {
pub fn as_legacy(&self) -> &pb::ArrayEncoding {
match self {
Self::Legacy(enc) => enc,
Self::Structural(_) => panic!("Expected a legacy encoding"),
}
}
pub fn as_structural(&self) -> &pb21::PageLayout {
match self {
Self::Structural(enc) => enc,
Self::Legacy(_) => panic!("Expected a structural encoding"),
}
}
pub fn is_structural(&self) -> bool {
matches!(self, Self::Structural(_))
}
}
/// Metadata describing a page in a file
///
/// This is typically created by reading the metadata section of a Lance file
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct PageInfo {
/// The number of rows in the page
pub num_rows: u64,
/// The priority (top level row number) of the page
///
/// This is only set in 2.1 files and will be 0 for 2.0 files
pub priority: u64,
/// The encoding that explains the buffers in the page
pub encoding: PageEncoding,
/// The offsets and sizes of the buffers in the file
pub buffer_offsets_and_sizes: Arc<[(u64, u64)]>,
}
impl DeepSizeOf for PageInfo {
fn deep_size_of_children(&self, context: &mut Context) -> usize {
self.encoding.deep_size_of_children(context)
+ self.buffer_offsets_and_sizes.deep_size_of_children(context)
}
}
/// Metadata describing a column in a file
///
/// This is typically created by reading the metadata section of a Lance file
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct ColumnInfo {
/// The index of the column in the file
pub index: u32,
/// The metadata for each page in the column
pub page_infos: Arc<[PageInfo]>,
/// File positions and their sizes of the column-level buffers
pub buffer_offsets_and_sizes: Arc<[(u64, u64)]>,
pub encoding: pb::ColumnEncoding,
}
impl DeepSizeOf for ColumnInfo {
fn deep_size_of_children(&self, context: &mut Context) -> usize {
self.page_infos.deep_size_of_children(context)
+ self.buffer_offsets_and_sizes.deep_size_of_children(context)
+ self.encoding.encoded_len() * 4
}
}
impl ColumnInfo {
/// Create a new instance
pub fn new(
index: u32,
page_infos: Arc<[PageInfo]>,
buffer_offsets_and_sizes: Vec<(u64, u64)>,
encoding: pb::ColumnEncoding,
) -> Self {
Self {
index,
page_infos,
buffer_offsets_and_sizes: buffer_offsets_and_sizes.into_boxed_slice().into(),
encoding,
}
}
pub fn is_structural(&self) -> bool {
self.page_infos
// Can just look at the first since all should be the same
.first()
.map(|page| page.encoding.is_structural())
.unwrap_or(false)
}
}
enum RootScheduler {
Structural(Box<dyn StructuralFieldScheduler>),
Array(Arc<dyn FieldScheduler>),
}
impl RootScheduler {
fn as_array(&self) -> &Arc<dyn FieldScheduler> {
match self {
Self::Structural(_) => panic!("Expected an array scheduler"),
Self::Array(s) => s,
}
}
fn as_structural(&self) -> &dyn StructuralFieldScheduler {
match self {
Self::Structural(s) => s.as_ref(),
Self::Array(_) => panic!("Expected a structural scheduler"),
}
}
}
/// The scheduler for decoding batches
///
/// Lance decoding is done in two steps, scheduling, and decoding. The
/// scheduling tends to be lightweight and should quickly figure what data
/// is needed from the disk issue the appropriate I/O requests. A decode task is
/// created to eventually decode the data (once it is loaded) and scheduling
/// moves on to scheduling the next page.
///
/// Meanwhile, it's expected that a decode stream will be setup to run at the
/// same time. Decode tasks take the data that is loaded and turn it into
/// Arrow arrays.
///
/// This approach allows us to keep our I/O parallelism and CPU parallelism
/// completely separate since those are often two very different values.
///
/// Backpressure should be achieved via the I/O service. Requests that are
/// issued will pile up if the decode stream is not polling quickly enough.
/// The [`crate::EncodingsIo::submit_request`] function should return a pending
/// future once there are too many I/O requests in flight.
///
/// TODO: Implement backpressure
pub struct DecodeBatchScheduler {
root_scheduler: RootScheduler,
pub root_fields: Fields,
cache: Arc<LanceCache>,
}
pub struct ColumnInfoIter<'a> {
column_infos: Vec<Arc<ColumnInfo>>,
column_indices: &'a [u32],
column_info_pos: usize,
column_indices_pos: usize,
}
impl<'a> ColumnInfoIter<'a> {
pub fn new(column_infos: Vec<Arc<ColumnInfo>>, column_indices: &'a [u32]) -> Self {
let initial_pos = column_indices.first().copied().unwrap_or(0) as usize;
Self {
column_infos,
column_indices,
column_info_pos: initial_pos,
column_indices_pos: 0,
}
}
pub fn peek(&self) -> &Arc<ColumnInfo> {
&self.column_infos[self.column_info_pos]
}
pub fn peek_transform(&mut self, transform: impl FnOnce(Arc<ColumnInfo>) -> Arc<ColumnInfo>) {
let column_info = self.column_infos[self.column_info_pos].clone();
let transformed = transform(column_info);
self.column_infos[self.column_info_pos] = transformed;
}
pub fn expect_next(&mut self) -> Result<&Arc<ColumnInfo>> {
self.next().ok_or_else(|| {
Error::invalid_input(
"there were more fields in the schema than provided column indices / infos",
)
})
}
fn next(&mut self) -> Option<&Arc<ColumnInfo>> {
if self.column_info_pos < self.column_infos.len() {
let info = &self.column_infos[self.column_info_pos];
self.column_info_pos += 1;
Some(info)
} else {
None
}
}
pub(crate) fn next_top_level(&mut self) {
self.column_indices_pos += 1;
if self.column_indices_pos < self.column_indices.len() {
self.column_info_pos = self.column_indices[self.column_indices_pos] as usize;
} else {
self.column_info_pos = self.column_infos.len();
}
}
}
/// These contain the file buffers shared across the entire file
#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
pub struct FileBuffers<'a> {
pub positions_and_sizes: &'a [(u64, u64)],
}
/// These contain the file buffers and also buffers specific to a column
#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
pub struct ColumnBuffers<'a, 'b> {
pub file_buffers: FileBuffers<'a>,
pub positions_and_sizes: &'b [(u64, u64)],
}
/// These contain the file & column buffers and also buffers specific to a page
#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
pub struct PageBuffers<'a, 'b, 'c> {
pub column_buffers: ColumnBuffers<'a, 'b>,
pub positions_and_sizes: &'c [(u64, u64)],
}
/// The core decoder strategy handles all the various Arrow types
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct CoreFieldDecoderStrategy {
pub validate_data: bool,
pub decompressor_strategy: Arc<dyn DecompressionStrategy>,
pub cache_repetition_index: bool,
}
impl Default for CoreFieldDecoderStrategy {
fn default() -> Self {
Self {
validate_data: false,
decompressor_strategy: Arc::new(DefaultDecompressionStrategy {}),
cache_repetition_index: false,
}
}
}
impl CoreFieldDecoderStrategy {
/// Create a new strategy with cache_repetition_index enabled
pub fn with_cache_repetition_index(mut self, cache_repetition_index: bool) -> Self {
self.cache_repetition_index = cache_repetition_index;
self
}
/// Create a new strategy from decoder config
pub fn from_decoder_config(config: &DecoderConfig) -> Self {
Self {
validate_data: config.validate_on_decode,
decompressor_strategy: Arc::new(DefaultDecompressionStrategy {}),
cache_repetition_index: config.cache_repetition_index,
}
}
/// This is just a sanity check to ensure there is no "wrapped encodings"
/// that haven't been handled.
fn ensure_values_encoded(column_info: &ColumnInfo, field_name: &str) -> Result<()> {
let column_encoding = column_info
.encoding
.column_encoding
.as_ref()
.ok_or_else(|| {
Error::invalid_input(format!(
"the column at index {} was missing a ColumnEncoding",
column_info.index
))
})?;
if matches!(
column_encoding,
pb::column_encoding::ColumnEncoding::Values(_)
) {
Ok(())
} else {
Err(Error::invalid_input(format!(
"the column at index {} mapping to the input field {} has column encoding {:?} and no decoder is registered to handle it",
column_info.index, field_name, column_encoding
)))
}
}
fn is_structural_primitive(data_type: &DataType) -> bool {
if data_type.is_primitive() {
true
} else {
match data_type {
// DataType::is_primitive doesn't consider these primitive but we do
DataType::Dictionary(_, value_type) => Self::is_structural_primitive(value_type),
DataType::Boolean
| DataType::Null
| DataType::FixedSizeBinary(_)
| DataType::Binary
| DataType::LargeBinary
| DataType::Utf8
| DataType::LargeUtf8 => true,
DataType::FixedSizeList(inner, _) => {
Self::is_structural_primitive(inner.data_type())
}
_ => false,
}
}
}
fn is_array_primitive(data_type: &DataType) -> bool {
if data_type.is_primitive() {
true
} else {
match data_type {
// DataType::is_primitive doesn't consider these primitive but we do
DataType::Boolean | DataType::Null | DataType::FixedSizeBinary(_) => true,
DataType::FixedSizeList(inner, _) => Self::is_array_primitive(inner.data_type()),
_ => false,
}
}
}
fn create_primitive_scheduler(
&self,
field: &Field,
column: &ColumnInfo,
buffers: FileBuffers,
) -> Result<Box<dyn FieldScheduler>> {
Self::ensure_values_encoded(column, &field.name)?;
// Primitive fields map to a single column
let column_buffers = ColumnBuffers {
file_buffers: buffers,
positions_and_sizes: &column.buffer_offsets_and_sizes,
};
Ok(Box::new(PrimitiveFieldScheduler::new(
column.index,
field.data_type(),
column.page_infos.clone(),
column_buffers,
self.validate_data,
)))
}
/// Helper method to verify the page encoding of a struct header column
fn check_simple_struct(column_info: &ColumnInfo, field_name: &str) -> Result<()> {
Self::ensure_values_encoded(column_info, field_name)?;
if column_info.page_infos.len() != 1 {
return Err(Error::invalid_input_source(format!("Due to schema we expected a struct column but we received a column with {} pages and right now we only support struct columns with 1 page", column_info.page_infos.len()).into()));
}
let encoding = &column_info.page_infos[0].encoding;
match encoding.as_legacy().array_encoding.as_ref().unwrap() {
pb::array_encoding::ArrayEncoding::Struct(_) => Ok(()),
_ => Err(Error::invalid_input_source(format!("Expected a struct encoding because we have a struct field in the schema but got the encoding {:?}", encoding).into())),
}
}
fn check_packed_struct(column_info: &ColumnInfo) -> bool {
let encoding = &column_info.page_infos[0].encoding;
matches!(
encoding.as_legacy().array_encoding.as_ref().unwrap(),
pb::array_encoding::ArrayEncoding::PackedStruct(_)
)
}
fn create_list_scheduler(
&self,
list_field: &Field,
column_infos: &mut ColumnInfoIter,
buffers: FileBuffers,
offsets_column: &ColumnInfo,
) -> Result<Box<dyn FieldScheduler>> {
Self::ensure_values_encoded(offsets_column, &list_field.name)?;
let offsets_column_buffers = ColumnBuffers {
file_buffers: buffers,
positions_and_sizes: &offsets_column.buffer_offsets_and_sizes,
};
let items_scheduler =
self.create_array_field_scheduler(&list_field.children[0], column_infos, buffers)?;
let mut inner_infos = Vec::with_capacity(offsets_column.page_infos.len());
let mut null_offset_adjustments = Vec::with_capacity(offsets_column.page_infos.len());
for (page_index, offsets_page) in offsets_column
.page_infos
.iter()
.enumerate()
.filter(|(_, offsets_page)| offsets_page.num_rows > 0)
{
let PageEncoding::Legacy(pb::ArrayEncoding {
array_encoding: Some(pb::array_encoding::ArrayEncoding::List(list_encoding)),
}) = &offsets_page.encoding
else {
return Err(Error::invalid_input(format!(
"expected list encoding for field '{}' in column {}, page {} but got {:?}",
list_field.name, offsets_column.index, page_index, offsets_page.encoding
)));
};
let offsets_encoding = list_encoding.offsets.as_ref().ok_or_else(|| {
Error::invalid_input(format!(
"list encoding for field '{}' in column {}, page {} is missing its offsets encoding",
list_field.name, offsets_column.index, page_index
))
})?;
inner_infos.push(PageInfo {
buffer_offsets_and_sizes: offsets_page.buffer_offsets_and_sizes.clone(),
encoding: PageEncoding::Legacy(offsets_encoding.as_ref().clone()),
num_rows: offsets_page.num_rows,
priority: 0,
});
null_offset_adjustments.push(OffsetPageInfo {
offsets_in_page: offsets_page.num_rows,
null_offset_adjustment: list_encoding.null_offset_adjustment,
num_items_referenced_by_page: list_encoding.num_items,
});
}
let inner = Arc::new(PrimitiveFieldScheduler::new(
offsets_column.index,
DataType::UInt64,
Arc::from(inner_infos.into_boxed_slice()),
offsets_column_buffers,
self.validate_data,
)) as Arc<dyn FieldScheduler>;
let items_field = match list_field.data_type() {
DataType::List(inner) => inner,
DataType::LargeList(inner) => inner,
_ => unreachable!(),
};
let offset_type = if matches!(list_field.data_type(), DataType::List(_)) {
DataType::Int32
} else {
DataType::Int64
};
Ok(Box::new(ListFieldScheduler::new(
inner,
items_scheduler.into(),
items_field,
offset_type,
null_offset_adjustments,
)))
}
fn unwrap_blob(column_info: &ColumnInfo) -> Option<ColumnInfo> {
if let column_encoding::ColumnEncoding::Blob(blob) =
column_info.encoding.column_encoding.as_ref().unwrap()
{
let mut column_info = column_info.clone();
column_info.encoding = blob.inner.as_ref().unwrap().as_ref().clone();
Some(column_info)
} else {
None
}
}
fn create_structural_field_scheduler(
&self,
field: &Field,
column_infos: &mut ColumnInfoIter,
) -> Result<Box<dyn StructuralFieldScheduler>> {
let data_type = field.data_type();
validate_fixed_size_list_dimensions(&field.name, &data_type)?;
if Self::is_structural_primitive(&data_type) {
let column_info = column_infos.expect_next()?;
let scheduler = Box::new(StructuralPrimitiveFieldScheduler::try_new_lazy(
column_info.clone(),
self.decompressor_strategy.clone(),
self.cache_repetition_index,
field,
)?);
// advance to the next top level column
column_infos.next_top_level();
return Ok(scheduler);
}
match &data_type {
DataType::Struct(fields) => {
if field.is_packed_struct() {
// Packed struct
let column_info = column_infos.expect_next()?;
let scheduler = Box::new(StructuralPrimitiveFieldScheduler::try_new_lazy(
column_info.clone(),
self.decompressor_strategy.clone(),
self.cache_repetition_index,
field,
)?);
// advance to the next top level column
column_infos.next_top_level();
return Ok(scheduler);
}
// Maybe a blob descriptions struct?
if field.is_blob() {
let column_info = column_infos.peek();
if column_info.page_infos.iter().any(|page| {
matches!(
page.encoding,
PageEncoding::Structural(pb21::PageLayout {
layout: Some(pb21::page_layout::Layout::BlobLayout(_))
})
)
}) {
let column_info = column_infos.expect_next()?;
let scheduler = Box::new(StructuralPrimitiveFieldScheduler::try_new_lazy(
column_info.clone(),
self.decompressor_strategy.clone(),
self.cache_repetition_index,
field,
)?);
column_infos.next_top_level();
return Ok(scheduler);
}
}
let mut child_schedulers = Vec::with_capacity(field.children.len());
for field in field.children.iter() {
let field_scheduler =
self.create_structural_field_scheduler(field, column_infos)?;
child_schedulers.push(field_scheduler);
}
let fields = fields.clone();
Ok(
Box::new(StructuralStructScheduler::new(child_schedulers, fields))
as Box<dyn StructuralFieldScheduler>,
)
}
DataType::List(_) | DataType::LargeList(_) => {
let child = field.children.first().expect_ok()?;
let child_scheduler =
self.create_structural_field_scheduler(child, column_infos)?;
Ok(Box::new(StructuralListScheduler::new(child_scheduler))
as Box<dyn StructuralFieldScheduler>)
}
DataType::FixedSizeList(inner, dimension)
if matches!(inner.data_type(), DataType::Struct(_)) =>
{
let child = field.children.first().expect_ok()?;
let child_scheduler =
self.create_structural_field_scheduler(child, column_infos)?;
Ok(Box::new(StructuralFixedSizeListScheduler::new(
child_scheduler,
*dimension,
)) as Box<dyn StructuralFieldScheduler>)
}
DataType::Map(_, keys_sorted) => {
// TODO: We only support keys_sorted=false for now,
// because converting a rust arrow map field to the python arrow field will
// lose the keys_sorted property.
if *keys_sorted {
return Err(Error::not_supported_source(format!("Map data type is not supported with keys_sorted=true now, current value is {}", *keys_sorted).into()));
}
let entries_child = field.children.first().expect_ok()?;
let child_scheduler =
self.create_structural_field_scheduler(entries_child, column_infos)?;
Ok(Box::new(StructuralMapScheduler::new(child_scheduler))
as Box<dyn StructuralFieldScheduler>)
}
_ => todo!("create_structural_field_scheduler for {}", data_type),
}
}
fn create_array_field_scheduler(
&self,
field: &Field,
column_infos: &mut ColumnInfoIter,
buffers: FileBuffers,
) -> Result<Box<dyn FieldScheduler>> {
let data_type = field.data_type();
validate_fixed_size_list_dimensions(&field.name, &data_type)?;
if Self::is_array_primitive(&data_type) {
let column_info = column_infos.expect_next()?;
let scheduler = self.create_primitive_scheduler(field, column_info, buffers)?;
return Ok(scheduler);
} else if data_type.is_binary_like() {
let column_info = column_infos.expect_next()?.clone();
// Column is blob and user is asking for binary data
if let Some(blob_col) = Self::unwrap_blob(column_info.as_ref()) {
let desc_scheduler =
self.create_primitive_scheduler(&BLOB_DESC_LANCE_FIELD, &blob_col, buffers)?;
let blob_scheduler = Box::new(BlobFieldScheduler::new(desc_scheduler.into()));
return Ok(blob_scheduler);
}
if let Some(page_info) = column_info.page_infos.first() {
if matches!(
page_info.encoding.as_legacy(),
pb::ArrayEncoding {
array_encoding: Some(pb::array_encoding::ArrayEncoding::List(..))
}
) {
let list_type = if matches!(data_type, DataType::Utf8 | DataType::Binary) {
DataType::List(Arc::new(ArrowField::new("item", DataType::UInt8, false)))
} else {
DataType::LargeList(Arc::new(ArrowField::new(
"item",
DataType::UInt8,
false,
)))
};
let list_field = Field::try_from(ArrowField::new(
field.name.clone(),
list_type,
field.nullable,
))
.unwrap();
let list_scheduler = self.create_list_scheduler(
&list_field,
column_infos,
buffers,
&column_info,
)?;
let binary_scheduler = Box::new(BinaryFieldScheduler::new(
list_scheduler.into(),
field.data_type(),
));
return Ok(binary_scheduler);
} else {
let scheduler =
self.create_primitive_scheduler(field, &column_info, buffers)?;
return Ok(scheduler);
}
} else {
return self.create_primitive_scheduler(field, &column_info, buffers);
}
}
match &data_type {
DataType::FixedSizeList(inner, _dimension) => {
// A fixed size list column could either be a physical or a logical decoder
// depending on the child data type.
if Self::is_array_primitive(inner.data_type()) {
let primitive_col = column_infos.expect_next()?;
let scheduler =
self.create_primitive_scheduler(field, primitive_col, buffers)?;
Ok(scheduler)
} else {
todo!()
}
}
DataType::Dictionary(_key_type, value_type) => {
if Self::is_array_primitive(value_type) || value_type.is_binary_like() {
let primitive_col = column_infos.expect_next()?;
let scheduler =
self.create_primitive_scheduler(field, primitive_col, buffers)?;
Ok(scheduler)
} else {
Err(Error::not_supported_source(
format!(
"No way to decode into a dictionary field of type {}",
value_type
)
.into(),
))
}
}
DataType::List(_) | DataType::LargeList(_) => {
let offsets_column = column_infos.expect_next()?.clone();
column_infos.next_top_level();
self.create_list_scheduler(field, column_infos, buffers, &offsets_column)
}
DataType::Struct(fields) => {
let column_info = column_infos.expect_next()?;
// Column is blob and user is asking for descriptions
if let Some(blob_col) = Self::unwrap_blob(column_info.as_ref()) {
// Can use primitive scheduler here since descriptions are always packed struct
return self.create_primitive_scheduler(field, &blob_col, buffers);
}
if Self::check_packed_struct(column_info) {
// use packed struct encoding
self.create_primitive_scheduler(field, column_info, buffers)
} else {
// use default struct encoding
Self::check_simple_struct(column_info, &field.name).unwrap();
let num_rows = column_info
.page_infos
.iter()
.map(|page| page.num_rows)
.sum();
let mut child_schedulers = Vec::with_capacity(field.children.len());
for field in &field.children {
column_infos.next_top_level();
let field_scheduler =
self.create_array_field_scheduler(field, column_infos, buffers)?;
child_schedulers.push(Arc::from(field_scheduler));
}
let fields = fields.clone();
Ok(Box::new(SimpleStructScheduler::new(
child_schedulers,
fields,
num_rows,
)))
}
}
// TODO: Still need support for RLE
_ => todo!(),
}
}
}
/// Create's a dummy ColumnInfo for the root column
fn root_column(num_rows: u64) -> ColumnInfo {
let num_root_pages = num_rows.div_ceil(u32::MAX as u64);
let final_page_num_rows = num_rows % (u32::MAX as u64);
let root_pages = (0..num_root_pages)
.map(|i| PageInfo {
num_rows: if i == num_root_pages - 1 {
final_page_num_rows
} else {
u64::MAX
},
encoding: PageEncoding::Legacy(pb::ArrayEncoding {
array_encoding: Some(pb::array_encoding::ArrayEncoding::Struct(
pb::SimpleStruct {},
)),
}),
priority: 0, // not used by the array scheduler
buffer_offsets_and_sizes: Arc::new([]),
})
.collect::<Vec<_>>();
ColumnInfo {
buffer_offsets_and_sizes: Arc::new([]),
encoding: pb::ColumnEncoding {
column_encoding: Some(pb::column_encoding::ColumnEncoding::Values(())),
},
index: u32::MAX,
page_infos: Arc::from(root_pages),
}
}
pub enum RootDecoder {
Structural(StructuralStructDecoder),
Array(SimpleStructDecoder),
}
impl RootDecoder {
pub fn into_structural(self) -> StructuralStructDecoder {
match self {
Self::Structural(decoder) => decoder,
Self::Array(_) => panic!("Expected a structural decoder"),
}
}
pub fn into_array(self) -> SimpleStructDecoder {
match self {
Self::Array(decoder) => decoder,
Self::Structural(_) => panic!("Expected an array decoder"),
}
}
}
impl DecodeBatchScheduler {
/// Creates a new decode scheduler with the expected schema and the column
/// metadata of the file.
#[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
pub async fn try_new<'a>(
schema: &'a Schema,
column_indices: &[u32],
column_infos: &[Arc<ColumnInfo>],
file_buffer_positions_and_sizes: &'a Vec<(u64, u64)>,
num_rows: u64,
decoder_plugins: Arc<DecoderPlugins>,
io: Arc<dyn EncodingsIo>,
cache: Arc<LanceCache>,
filter: &FilterExpression,
decoder_config: &DecoderConfig,
) -> Result<Self> {
Self::try_new_with_ranges(
schema,
column_indices,
column_infos,
file_buffer_positions_and_sizes,
num_rows,
decoder_plugins,
io,
cache,
None,
filter,
decoder_config,
)
.await
}
/// Creates a decode scheduler and initializes only pages overlapping known ranges.
#[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
pub(crate) async fn try_new_with_ranges<'a>(
schema: &'a Schema,
column_indices: &[u32],
column_infos: &[Arc<ColumnInfo>],
file_buffer_positions_and_sizes: &'a Vec<(u64, u64)>,
num_rows: u64,
_decoder_plugins: Arc<DecoderPlugins>,
io: Arc<dyn EncodingsIo>,
cache: Arc<LanceCache>,
// The top-level row ranges that will be scheduled, if known. This lets
// the structural path initialize only the pages those ranges touch.
// `None` preserves `try_new`'s eager initialization behavior.
requested_ranges: Option<&[Range<u64>]>,
filter: &FilterExpression,
decoder_config: &DecoderConfig,
) -> Result<Self> {
assert!(num_rows > 0);
let buffers = FileBuffers {
positions_and_sizes: file_buffer_positions_and_sizes,
};
let arrow_schema = ArrowSchema::from(schema);
let root_fields = arrow_schema.fields().clone();
let root_type = DataType::Struct(root_fields.clone());
let mut root_field = Field::try_from(&ArrowField::new("root", root_type, false))?;
// root_field.children and schema.fields should be identical at this point but the latter
// has field ids and the former does not. This line restores that.
// TODO: Is there another way to create the root field without forcing a trip through arrow?
root_field.children.clone_from(&schema.fields);
root_field
.metadata
.insert("__lance_decoder_root".to_string(), "true".to_string());
if column_infos.is_empty() || column_infos[0].is_structural() {
let mut column_iter = ColumnInfoIter::new(column_infos.to_vec(), column_indices);
let strategy = CoreFieldDecoderStrategy::from_decoder_config(decoder_config);
let mut root_scheduler =
strategy.create_structural_field_scheduler(&root_field, &mut column_iter)?;
let context = SchedulerContext::new(io, cache.clone());
root_scheduler
.initialize(requested_ranges, filter, &context)
.await?;
Ok(Self {
root_scheduler: RootScheduler::Structural(root_scheduler),
root_fields,
cache,
})
} else {
// The old encoding style expected a header column for structs and so we
// need a header column for the top-level struct
let mut columns = Vec::with_capacity(column_infos.len() + 1);
columns.push(Arc::new(root_column(num_rows)));
columns.extend(column_infos.iter().cloned());
let adjusted_column_indices = [0_u32]
.into_iter()
.chain(column_indices.iter().map(|i| i.saturating_add(1)))
.collect::<Vec<_>>();
let mut column_iter = ColumnInfoIter::new(columns, &adjusted_column_indices);
let strategy = CoreFieldDecoderStrategy::from_decoder_config(decoder_config);
let root_scheduler =
strategy.create_array_field_scheduler(&root_field, &mut column_iter, buffers)?;
let context = SchedulerContext::new(io, cache.clone());
root_scheduler.initialize(filter, &context).await?;
Ok(Self {
root_scheduler: RootScheduler::Array(root_scheduler.into()),
root_fields,
cache,
})
}
}
#[deprecated(since = "0.29.1", note = "This is for v2.0 array-encoding paths")]
pub fn from_scheduler(
root_scheduler: Arc<dyn FieldScheduler>,
root_fields: Fields,
cache: Arc<LanceCache>,
) -> Self {
Self {
root_scheduler: RootScheduler::Array(root_scheduler),
root_fields,
cache,
}
}
fn do_schedule_ranges_structural(
&mut self,
ranges: &[Range<u64>],
filter: &FilterExpression,
io: Arc<dyn EncodingsIo>,
mut schedule_action: impl FnMut(Result<DecoderMessage>) -> bool,
) {
let root_scheduler = self.root_scheduler.as_structural();
let mut context = SchedulerContext::new(io, self.cache.clone());
let maybe_root_job = root_scheduler.schedule_ranges(ranges, filter);
if let Err(schedule_ranges_err) = maybe_root_job {
schedule_action(Err(schedule_ranges_err));
return;
}
let mut root_job = maybe_root_job.unwrap();
let mut num_rows_scheduled = 0;
loop {
let maybe_next_scan_lines = root_job.schedule_next(&mut context);
if let Err(err) = maybe_next_scan_lines {
schedule_action(Err(err));
return;
}
let next_scan_lines = maybe_next_scan_lines.unwrap();
context.flush_io();
if next_scan_lines.is_empty() {
return;
}
for next_scan_line in next_scan_lines {
trace!(
"Scheduled scan line of {} rows and {} decoders",
next_scan_line.rows_scheduled,
next_scan_line.decoders.len()
);
num_rows_scheduled += next_scan_line.rows_scheduled;
if !schedule_action(Ok(DecoderMessage {
scheduled_so_far: num_rows_scheduled,
decoders: next_scan_line.decoders,
})) {
// Decoder has disconnected
return;
}
}
}
}
fn do_schedule_ranges_array(
&mut self,
ranges: &[Range<u64>],
filter: &FilterExpression,
io: Arc<dyn EncodingsIo>,
mut schedule_action: impl FnMut(Result<DecoderMessage>) -> bool,
// If specified, this will be used as the top_level_row for all scheduling
// tasks. This is used by list scheduling to ensure all items scheduling
// tasks are scheduled at the same top level row.
priority: Option<Box<dyn PriorityRange>>,
) {
let root_scheduler = self.root_scheduler.as_array();
let rows_requested = ranges.iter().map(|r| r.end - r.start).sum::<u64>();
trace!(
"Scheduling {} ranges across {}..{} ({} rows){}",
ranges.len(),
ranges.first().unwrap().start,
ranges.last().unwrap().end,
rows_requested,
priority
.as_ref()
.map(|p| format!(" (priority={:?})", p))
.unwrap_or_default()
);
let mut context = SchedulerContext::new(io, self.cache.clone());
let maybe_root_job = root_scheduler.schedule_ranges(ranges, filter);
if let Err(schedule_ranges_err) = maybe_root_job {
schedule_action(Err(schedule_ranges_err));
return;
}
let mut root_job = maybe_root_job.unwrap();
let mut num_rows_scheduled = 0;
let mut rows_to_schedule = root_job.num_rows();
let mut priority = priority.unwrap_or(Box::new(SimplePriorityRange::new(0)));
trace!("Scheduled ranges refined to {} rows", rows_to_schedule);
while rows_to_schedule > 0 {
let maybe_next_scan_line = root_job.schedule_next(&mut context, priority.as_ref());
if let Err(schedule_next_err) = maybe_next_scan_line {
schedule_action(Err(schedule_next_err));
return;
}
let next_scan_line = maybe_next_scan_line.unwrap();
context.flush_io();
priority.advance(next_scan_line.rows_scheduled);
num_rows_scheduled += next_scan_line.rows_scheduled;
rows_to_schedule -= next_scan_line.rows_scheduled;
trace!(
"Scheduled scan line of {} rows and {} decoders",
next_scan_line.rows_scheduled,
next_scan_line.decoders.len()
);
if !schedule_action(Ok(DecoderMessage {
scheduled_so_far: num_rows_scheduled,
decoders: next_scan_line.decoders,
})) {
// Decoder has disconnected
return;
}
trace!("Finished scheduling {} ranges", ranges.len());
}
}
fn do_schedule_ranges(
&mut self,
ranges: &[Range<u64>],
filter: &FilterExpression,
io: Arc<dyn EncodingsIo>,
schedule_action: impl FnMut(Result<DecoderMessage>) -> bool,
// If specified, this will be used as the top_level_row for all scheduling
// tasks. This is used by list scheduling to ensure all items scheduling
// tasks are scheduled at the same top level row.
priority: Option<Box<dyn PriorityRange>>,
) {
match &self.root_scheduler {
RootScheduler::Array(_) => {
self.do_schedule_ranges_array(ranges, filter, io, schedule_action, priority)
}
RootScheduler::Structural(_) => {
self.do_schedule_ranges_structural(ranges, filter, io, schedule_action)
}
}
}
// This method is similar to schedule_ranges but instead of
// sending the decoders to a channel it collects them all into a vector
pub fn schedule_ranges_to_vec(
&mut self,
ranges: &[Range<u64>],
filter: &FilterExpression,
io: Arc<dyn EncodingsIo>,
priority: Option<Box<dyn PriorityRange>>,
) -> Result<Vec<DecoderMessage>> {
let mut decode_messages = Vec::new();
self.do_schedule_ranges(
ranges,
filter,
io,
|msg| {
decode_messages.push(msg);
true
},
priority,
);
decode_messages.into_iter().collect::<Result<Vec<_>>>()
}
/// Schedules the load of multiple ranges of rows
///
/// Ranges must be non-overlapping and in sorted order
///
/// # Arguments
///
/// * `ranges` - The ranges of rows to load
/// * `sink` - A channel to send the decode tasks
/// * `scheduler` An I/O scheduler to issue I/O requests
#[instrument(level = "debug", skip_all)]
pub fn schedule_ranges(
&mut self,
ranges: &[Range<u64>],
filter: &FilterExpression,
sink: mpsc::UnboundedSender<Result<DecoderMessage>>,
scheduler: Arc<dyn EncodingsIo>,
) {
self.do_schedule_ranges(
ranges,
filter,
scheduler,
|msg| {
match sink.send(msg) {
Ok(_) => true,
Err(SendError { .. }) => {
// The receiver has gone away. We can't do anything about it
// so just ignore the error.
debug!(
"schedule_ranges aborting early since decoder appears to have been dropped"
);
false
}
}
},
None,
)
}
/// Schedules the load of a range of rows
///
/// # Arguments
///
/// * `range` - The range of rows to load
/// * `sink` - A channel to send the decode tasks
/// * `scheduler` An I/O scheduler to issue I/O requests
#[instrument(level = "debug", skip_all)]
pub fn schedule_range(
&mut self,
range: Range<u64>,
filter: &FilterExpression,
sink: mpsc::UnboundedSender<Result<DecoderMessage>>,
scheduler: Arc<dyn EncodingsIo>,
) {
self.schedule_ranges(&[range], filter, sink, scheduler)
}
/// Schedules the load of selected rows
///
/// # Arguments
///
/// * `indices` - The row indices to load (these must be in ascending order!)
/// * `sink` - A channel to send the decode tasks
/// * `scheduler` An I/O scheduler to issue I/O requests
pub fn schedule_take(
&mut self,
indices: &[u64],
filter: &FilterExpression,
sink: mpsc::UnboundedSender<Result<DecoderMessage>>,
scheduler: Arc<dyn EncodingsIo>,
) {
if indices.is_empty() {
return;
}
trace!("Scheduling take of {} rows", indices.len());
let ranges = match RequestedRows::indices_to_ranges(indices) {
Ok(ranges) => ranges,
Err(error) => {
if let Err(SendError { .. }) = sink.send(Err(error)) {
debug!(
"schedule_take could not report invalid indices because the decoder was dropped"
);
}
return;
}
};
self.schedule_ranges(&ranges, filter, sink, scheduler)
}
}
pub struct ReadBatchTask {
pub task: BoxFuture<'static, Result<RecordBatch>>,
pub num_rows: u32,
}
/// A stream that takes scheduled jobs and generates decode tasks from them.
pub struct BatchDecodeStream {
context: DecoderContext,
root_decoder: SimpleStructDecoder,
rows_remaining: u64,
rows_per_batch: u32,
rows_scheduled: u64,
rows_drained: u64,
scheduler_exhausted: bool,
emitted_batch_size_warning: Arc<Once>,
limit_i32_offset_batch_size: bool,
}
impl BatchDecodeStream {
/// Create a new instance of a batch decode stream
///
/// # Arguments
///
/// * `scheduled` - an incoming stream of decode tasks from a `DecodeBatchScheduler`
/// * `schema` - the schema of the data to create
/// * `rows_per_batch` the number of rows to create before making a batch
/// * `num_rows` the total number of rows scheduled
/// * `num_columns` the total number of columns in the file
pub fn new(
scheduled: mpsc::UnboundedReceiver<Result<DecoderMessage>>,
rows_per_batch: u32,
num_rows: u64,
root_decoder: SimpleStructDecoder,
) -> Self {
Self::new_with_i32_offset_limit(scheduled, rows_per_batch, num_rows, root_decoder, true)
}
fn new_with_i32_offset_limit(
scheduled: mpsc::UnboundedReceiver<Result<DecoderMessage>>,
rows_per_batch: u32,
num_rows: u64,
root_decoder: SimpleStructDecoder,
limit_i32_offset_batch_size: bool,
) -> Self {
Self {
context: DecoderContext::new(scheduled),
root_decoder,
rows_remaining: num_rows,
rows_per_batch,
rows_scheduled: 0,
rows_drained: 0,
scheduler_exhausted: false,
emitted_batch_size_warning: Arc::new(Once::new()),
limit_i32_offset_batch_size,
}
}
fn accept_decoder(&mut self, decoder: DecoderReady) -> Result<()> {
if decoder.path.is_empty() {
// The root decoder we can ignore
Ok(())
} else {
self.root_decoder.accept_child(decoder)
}
}
#[instrument(level = "debug", skip_all)]
async fn wait_for_scheduled(&mut self, scheduled_need: u64) -> Result<u64> {
if self.scheduler_exhausted {
return Ok(self.rows_scheduled);
}
while self.rows_scheduled < scheduled_need {
let next_message = self.context.source.recv().await;
match next_message {
Some(scan_line) => {
let scan_line = scan_line?;
self.rows_scheduled = scan_line.scheduled_so_far;
for message in scan_line.decoders {
self.accept_decoder(message.into_array())?;
}
}
None => {
// Schedule ended before we got all the data we expected. This probably
// means some kind of pushdown filter was applied and we didn't load as
// much data as we thought we would.
self.scheduler_exhausted = true;
return Ok(self.rows_scheduled);
}
}
}
Ok(scheduled_need)
}
#[instrument(level = "debug", skip_all)]
async fn next_batch_task(&mut self) -> Result<Option<NextDecodeTask>> {
trace!(
"Draining batch task (rows_remaining={} rows_drained={} rows_scheduled={})",
self.rows_remaining, self.rows_drained, self.rows_scheduled,
);
if self.rows_remaining == 0 {
return Ok(None);
}
let mut to_take = self.rows_remaining.min(self.rows_per_batch as u64);
self.rows_remaining -= to_take;
let scheduled_need = (self.rows_drained + to_take).saturating_sub(self.rows_scheduled);
trace!(
"scheduled_need = {} because rows_drained = {} and to_take = {} and rows_scheduled = {}",
scheduled_need, self.rows_drained, to_take, self.rows_scheduled
);
if scheduled_need > 0 {
let desired_scheduled = scheduled_need + self.rows_scheduled;
trace!(
"Draining from scheduler (desire at least {} scheduled rows)",
desired_scheduled
);
let actually_scheduled = self.wait_for_scheduled(desired_scheduled).await?;
if actually_scheduled < desired_scheduled {
let under_scheduled = desired_scheduled - actually_scheduled;
to_take -= under_scheduled;
}
}
if to_take == 0 {
return Ok(None);
}
// wait_for_loaded waits for *>* loaded_need (not >=) so we do a -1 here
let loaded_need = self.rows_drained + to_take - 1;
trace!(
"Waiting for I/O (desire at least {} fully loaded rows)",
loaded_need
);
self.root_decoder.wait_for_loaded(loaded_need).await?;
if self.limit_i32_offset_batch_size && has_i32_offsets(self.root_decoder.data_type()) {
let limit = LogicalPageDecoder::max_rows_to_drain(
&self.root_decoder,
to_take,
I32_OFFSET_BYTE_BUDGET,
)?;
let clamped = clamp_rows_to_i32_budget(limit, to_take);
self.rows_remaining += to_take - clamped;
to_take = clamped;
}
let next_task = self.root_decoder.drain(to_take)?;
self.rows_drained += to_take;
Ok(Some(next_task))
}
pub fn into_stream(self) -> BoxStream<'static, ReadBatchTask> {
let stream = futures::stream::unfold(self, |mut slf| async move {
let next_task = match slf.next_batch_task().await {
Ok(Some(next_task)) => next_task,
Ok(None) => return None,
Err(err) => {
slf.rows_remaining = 0;
return Some((
ReadBatchTask {
task: async move { Err(err) }.boxed(),
num_rows: 0,
},
slf,
));
}
};
let num_rows = next_task.num_rows;
let emitted_batch_size_warning = slf.emitted_batch_size_warning.clone();
let task = async move {
// Real decode work happens inside into_batch, which can block the current
// thread for a long time. By spawning it as a new task, we allow Tokio's
// worker threads to keep making progress.
let (batch, _data_size) =
tokio::spawn(async move { next_task.into_batch(emitted_batch_size_warning) })
.await
.map_err(|err| Error::wrapped(err.into()))??;
Ok(batch)
};
// This should be true since batch size is u32
debug_assert!(num_rows <= u32::MAX as u64);
Some((
ReadBatchTask {
task: task.boxed(),
num_rows: num_rows as u32,
},
slf,
))
});
stream.boxed()
}
}
// Utility types to smooth out the differences between the 2.0 and 2.1 decoders so that
// we can have a single implementation of the batch decode iterator
enum RootDecoderMessage {
LoadedPage(LoadedPageShard),
ArrayPage(DecoderReady),
}
trait RootDecoderType {
fn accept_message(&mut self, message: RootDecoderMessage) -> Result<()>;
fn drain_batch(&mut self, num_rows: u64) -> Result<NextDecodeTask>;
fn wait(&mut self, loaded_need: u64, runtime: &tokio::runtime::Runtime) -> Result<()>;
/// See [`LogicalPageDecoder::max_rows_to_drain`]. Decoders without i32-offset
/// accounting place no limit.
fn max_rows_to_drain(&self, num_rows: u64, _byte_budget: u64) -> Result<DrainLimit> {
Ok(DrainLimit {
rows: num_rows,
bytes: 0,
})
}
}
impl RootDecoderType for StructuralStructDecoder {
fn accept_message(&mut self, message: RootDecoderMessage) -> Result<()> {
let RootDecoderMessage::LoadedPage(loaded_page) = message else {
unreachable!()
};
self.accept_page(loaded_page)
}
fn drain_batch(&mut self, num_rows: u64) -> Result<NextDecodeTask> {
self.drain_batch_task(num_rows)
}
fn wait(&mut self, _: u64, _: &tokio::runtime::Runtime) -> Result<()> {
// Waiting happens elsewhere (not as part of the decoder)
Ok(())
}
}
impl RootDecoderType for SimpleStructDecoder {
fn accept_message(&mut self, message: RootDecoderMessage) -> Result<()> {
let RootDecoderMessage::ArrayPage(array_page) = message else {
unreachable!()
};
self.accept_child(array_page)
}
fn drain_batch(&mut self, num_rows: u64) -> Result<NextDecodeTask> {
self.drain(num_rows)
}
fn wait(&mut self, loaded_need: u64, runtime: &tokio::runtime::Runtime) -> Result<()> {
runtime.block_on(self.wait_for_loaded(loaded_need))
}
fn max_rows_to_drain(&self, num_rows: u64, byte_budget: u64) -> Result<DrainLimit> {
if !has_i32_offsets(LogicalPageDecoder::data_type(self)) {
return Ok(DrainLimit {
rows: num_rows,
bytes: 0,
});
}
LogicalPageDecoder::max_rows_to_drain(self, num_rows, byte_budget)
}
}
/// A blocking batch decoder that performs synchronous decoding
struct BatchDecodeIterator<T: RootDecoderType> {
messages: VecDeque<Result<DecoderMessage>>,
root_decoder: T,
rows_remaining: u64,
rows_per_batch: u32,
rows_scheduled: u64,
rows_drained: u64,
emitted_batch_size_warning: Arc<Once>,
// Note: this is not the runtime on which I/O happens.
// That's always in the scheduler. This is just a runtime we use to
// sleep the current thread if I/O is unready
wait_for_io_runtime: tokio::runtime::Runtime,
schema: Arc<ArrowSchema>,
}
impl<T: RootDecoderType> BatchDecodeIterator<T> {
/// Create a new instance of a batch decode iterator
pub fn new(
messages: VecDeque<Result<DecoderMessage>>,
rows_per_batch: u32,
num_rows: u64,
root_decoder: T,
schema: Arc<ArrowSchema>,
) -> Self {
Self {
messages,
root_decoder,
rows_remaining: num_rows,
rows_per_batch,
rows_scheduled: 0,
rows_drained: 0,
wait_for_io_runtime: tokio::runtime::Builder::new_current_thread()
.build()
.unwrap(),
emitted_batch_size_warning: Arc::new(Once::new()),
schema,
}
}
/// Wait for a single page of data to finish loading
///
/// If the data is not available this will perform a *blocking* wait (put
/// the current thread to sleep)
fn wait_for_page(&self, unloaded_page: UnloadedPageShard) -> Result<LoadedPageShard> {
match maybe_done(unloaded_page.0) {
// Fast path, avoid all runtime shenanigans if the data is ready
MaybeDone::Done(loaded_page) => loaded_page,
// Slow path, we need to wait on I/O, enter the runtime
MaybeDone::Future(fut) => self.wait_for_io_runtime.block_on(fut),
MaybeDone::Gone => unreachable!(),
}
}
/// Waits for I/O until `scheduled_need` rows have been loaded
///
/// Note that `scheduled_need` is cumulative. E.g. this method
/// should be called with 5, 10, 15 and not 5, 5, 5
#[instrument(level = "debug", skip_all)]
fn wait_for_io(&mut self, scheduled_need: u64, to_take: u64) -> Result<u64> {
while self.rows_scheduled < scheduled_need && !self.messages.is_empty() {
let message = self.messages.pop_front().unwrap()?;
self.rows_scheduled = message.scheduled_so_far;
for decoder_message in message.decoders {
match decoder_message {
MessageType::UnloadedPage(unloaded_page) => {
let loaded_page = self.wait_for_page(unloaded_page)?;
self.root_decoder
.accept_message(RootDecoderMessage::LoadedPage(loaded_page))?;
}
MessageType::DecoderReady(decoder_ready) => {
// The root decoder we can ignore
if !decoder_ready.path.is_empty() {
self.root_decoder
.accept_message(RootDecoderMessage::ArrayPage(decoder_ready))?;
}
}
}
}
}
let loaded_need = self.rows_drained + to_take.min(self.rows_per_batch as u64) - 1;
self.root_decoder
.wait(loaded_need, &self.wait_for_io_runtime)?;
Ok(self.rows_scheduled)
}
#[instrument(level = "debug", skip_all)]
fn next_batch_task(&mut self) -> Result<Option<RecordBatch>> {
trace!(
"Draining batch task (rows_remaining={} rows_drained={} rows_scheduled={})",
self.rows_remaining, self.rows_drained, self.rows_scheduled,
);
if self.rows_remaining == 0 {
return Ok(None);
}
let mut to_take = self.rows_remaining.min(self.rows_per_batch as u64);
self.rows_remaining -= to_take;
let scheduled_need = (self.rows_drained + to_take).saturating_sub(self.rows_scheduled);
trace!(
"scheduled_need = {} because rows_drained = {} and to_take = {} and rows_scheduled = {}",
scheduled_need, self.rows_drained, to_take, self.rows_scheduled
);
if scheduled_need > 0 {
let desired_scheduled = scheduled_need + self.rows_scheduled;
trace!(
"Draining from scheduler (desire at least {} scheduled rows)",
desired_scheduled
);
let actually_scheduled = self.wait_for_io(desired_scheduled, to_take)?;
if actually_scheduled < desired_scheduled {
let under_scheduled = desired_scheduled - actually_scheduled;
to_take -= under_scheduled;
}
}
if to_take == 0 {
return Ok(None);
}
let limit = self
.root_decoder
.max_rows_to_drain(to_take, I32_OFFSET_BYTE_BUDGET)?;
let clamped = clamp_rows_to_i32_budget(limit, to_take);
self.rows_remaining += to_take - clamped;
to_take = clamped;
let next_task = self.root_decoder.drain_batch(to_take)?;
self.rows_drained += to_take;
let (batch, _data_size) = next_task.into_batch(self.emitted_batch_size_warning.clone())?;
Ok(Some(batch))
}
}
impl<T: RootDecoderType> Iterator for BatchDecodeIterator<T> {
type Item = ArrowResult<RecordBatch>;
fn next(&mut self) -> Option<Self::Item> {
let next = self.next_batch_task().transpose();
if let Some(Err(_)) = &next {
// Fuse after an error instead of re-attempting every remaining batch
self.rows_remaining = 0;
}
next.map(|r| r.map_err(ArrowError::from))
}
}
impl<T: RootDecoderType> RecordBatchReader for BatchDecodeIterator<T> {
fn schema(&self) -> Arc<ArrowSchema> {
self.schema.clone()
}
}
/// Estimate the number of bytes per row for a given Arrow data type.
///
/// For fixed-width types this is exact. For variable-width types (strings,
/// binary, lists) a rough default is used. The estimate is used as a
/// starting point when `batch_size_bytes` is set; a post-decode feedback
/// loop corrects it after the first batch.
///
/// This estimate ignores validity bitmaps at the moment. We can't infer
/// their presence simply from the data_type and their impact is probably
/// fairly negligible.
/// Returns a schema-based estimate of the decoded bytes per row for `data_type`.
///
/// Fixed-width types are exact. Variable-width types (strings, lists, etc.) use
/// heuristic constants. This estimate is used both in batch-size planning and as
/// a fallback for V1 files that lack structural decoders.
pub fn estimate_bytes_per_row(data_type: &DataType) -> f64 {
if let Some(w) = data_type.byte_width_opt() {
return w as f64;
}
match data_type {
DataType::Boolean => 1.0 / 8.0,
DataType::Utf8 | DataType::Binary | DataType::LargeUtf8 | DataType::LargeBinary => 64.0,
DataType::Struct(fields) => fields
.iter()
.map(|f| estimate_bytes_per_row(f.data_type()))
.sum(),
DataType::List(child) | DataType::LargeList(child) => {
5.0 * estimate_bytes_per_row(child.data_type())
}
DataType::FixedSizeList(child, dim) => {
*dim as f64 * estimate_bytes_per_row(child.data_type())
}
DataType::Dictionary(_, value_type) => estimate_bytes_per_row(value_type),
DataType::Map(entries, _) => 5.0 * estimate_bytes_per_row(entries.data_type()),
_ => 64.0,
}
}
/// A stream that takes scheduled jobs and generates decode tasks from them.
pub struct StructuralBatchDecodeStream {
context: DecoderContext,
root_decoder: StructuralStructDecoder,
rows_remaining: u64,
rows_per_batch: u32,
rows_scheduled: u64,
rows_drained: u64,
scheduler_exhausted: bool,
emitted_batch_size_warning: Arc<Once>,
// Decode scheduling policy selected at planning time.
//
// Performance tradeoff:
// - true: spawn `into_batch` onto Tokio, which improves scan throughput by allowing
// more decode parallelism.
// - false: run `into_batch` inline, which avoids Tokio scheduling overhead and is
// typically better for point lookups / small takes.
spawn_batch_decode_tasks: bool,
/// If set, target this many bytes per batch while retaining `rows_per_batch`
/// as an independent upper bound.
batch_size_bytes: Option<u64>,
/// Schema-based estimate of bytes per row, computed once at construction.
/// Only meaningful when `batch_size_bytes` is `Some`.
schema_bytes_per_row: f64,
/// Post-decode feedback: actual bytes-per-row measured from the most
/// recently decoded batch. Zero means no feedback yet (use schema estimate).
bytes_per_row_feedback: Arc<AtomicU64>,
}
impl StructuralBatchDecodeStream {
/// Create a new instance of a batch decode stream
///
/// # Arguments
///
/// * `scheduled` - an incoming stream of decode tasks from a `DecodeBatchScheduler`
/// * `schema` - the schema of the data to create
/// * `rows_per_batch` the number of rows to create before making a batch
/// * `num_rows` the total number of rows scheduled
/// * `num_columns` the total number of columns in the file
pub fn new(
scheduled: mpsc::UnboundedReceiver<Result<DecoderMessage>>,
rows_per_batch: u32,
num_rows: u64,
root_decoder: StructuralStructDecoder,
spawn_batch_decode_tasks: bool,
batch_size_bytes: Option<u64>,
) -> Self {
let schema_bytes_per_row = if batch_size_bytes.is_some() {
estimate_bytes_per_row(root_decoder.data_type()).max(1.0)
} else {
0.0
};
Self {
context: DecoderContext::new(scheduled),
root_decoder,
rows_remaining: num_rows,
rows_per_batch,
rows_scheduled: 0,
rows_drained: 0,
scheduler_exhausted: false,
emitted_batch_size_warning: Arc::new(Once::new()),
spawn_batch_decode_tasks,
batch_size_bytes,
schema_bytes_per_row,
bytes_per_row_feedback: Arc::new(AtomicU64::new(0)),
}
}
#[instrument(level = "debug", skip_all)]
async fn wait_for_scheduled(&mut self, scheduled_need: u64) -> Result<u64> {
if self.scheduler_exhausted {
return Ok(self.rows_scheduled);
}
while self.rows_scheduled < scheduled_need {
let next_message = self.context.source.recv().await;
match next_message {
Some(scan_line) => {
let scan_line = scan_line?;
self.rows_scheduled = scan_line.scheduled_so_far;
for message in scan_line.decoders {
let unloaded_page = message.into_structural();
let loaded_page = unloaded_page.0.await?;
self.root_decoder.accept_page(loaded_page)?;
}
}
None => {
// Schedule ended before we got all the data we expected. This probably
// means some kind of pushdown filter was applied and we didn't load as
// much data as we thought we would.
self.scheduler_exhausted = true;
return Ok(self.rows_scheduled);
}
}
}
Ok(scheduled_need)
}
#[instrument(level = "debug", skip_all)]
async fn next_batch_task(&mut self) -> Result<Option<NextDecodeTask>> {
trace!(
"Draining batch task (rows_remaining={} rows_drained={} rows_scheduled={})",
self.rows_remaining, self.rows_drained, self.rows_scheduled,
);
if self.rows_remaining == 0 {
return Ok(None);
}
let row_limit = self.rows_remaining.min(self.rows_per_batch as u64);
let mut to_take = if let Some(batch_size_bytes) = self.batch_size_bytes {
let feedback = self.bytes_per_row_feedback.load(Ordering::Relaxed);
let bpr = if feedback > 0 {
feedback as f64
} else {
self.schema_bytes_per_row
};
let rows = (batch_size_bytes as f64 / bpr) as u64;
row_limit.min(rows.max(1))
} else {
row_limit
};
self.rows_remaining -= to_take;
let scheduled_need = (self.rows_drained + to_take).saturating_sub(self.rows_scheduled);
trace!(
"scheduled_need = {} because rows_drained = {} and to_take = {} and rows_scheduled = {}",
scheduled_need, self.rows_drained, to_take, self.rows_scheduled
);
if scheduled_need > 0 {
let desired_scheduled = scheduled_need + self.rows_scheduled;
trace!(
"Draining from scheduler (desire at least {} scheduled rows)",
desired_scheduled
);
let actually_scheduled = self.wait_for_scheduled(desired_scheduled).await?;
if actually_scheduled < desired_scheduled {
let under_scheduled = desired_scheduled - actually_scheduled;
to_take -= under_scheduled;
}
}
if to_take == 0 {
return Ok(None);
}
let next_task = self.root_decoder.drain_batch_task(to_take)?;
self.rows_drained += to_take;
Ok(Some(next_task))
}
pub fn into_stream(self) -> BoxStream<'static, ReadBatchTask> {
let stream = futures::stream::unfold(self, |mut slf| async move {
let next_task = match slf.next_batch_task().await {
Ok(Some(next_task)) => next_task,
Ok(None) => return None,
Err(err) => {
slf.rows_remaining = 0;
return Some((
ReadBatchTask {
task: async move { Err(err) }.boxed(),
num_rows: 0,
},
slf,
));
}
};
let num_rows = next_task.num_rows;
let emitted_batch_size_warning = slf.emitted_batch_size_warning.clone();
let bytes_per_row_feedback = slf.bytes_per_row_feedback.clone();
// Capture the per-stream policy once so every emitted batch task follows the
// same throughput-vs-overhead choice made by the scheduler.
let spawn_batch_decode_tasks = slf.spawn_batch_decode_tasks;
let task = async move {
let (batch, data_size) = if spawn_batch_decode_tasks {
tokio::spawn(async move { next_task.into_batch(emitted_batch_size_warning) })
.await
.map_err(|err| Error::wrapped(err.into()))??
} else {
next_task.into_batch(emitted_batch_size_warning)?
};
let num_rows = batch.num_rows() as u64;
if let Some(bpr) = data_size.checked_div(num_rows) {
let prev = bytes_per_row_feedback.load(Ordering::Relaxed);
let next = if prev == 0 || bpr >= prev {
// First batch or actual size is larger than estimate:
// adopt immediately to avoid OOM.
bpr
} else {
// Actual size is smaller: degrade gradually toward
// the true value to avoid over-correcting on a
// single anomalous batch.
(prev + bpr) / 2
};
bytes_per_row_feedback.store(next.max(1), Ordering::Relaxed);
}
Ok(batch)
};
// This should be true since batch size is u32
debug_assert!(num_rows <= u32::MAX as u64);
Some((
ReadBatchTask {
task: task.boxed(),
num_rows: num_rows as u32,
},
slf,
))
});
stream.boxed()
}
}
#[derive(Debug)]
pub enum RequestedRows {
Ranges(Vec<Range<u64>>),
Indices(Vec<u64>),
}
impl RequestedRows {
pub fn num_rows(&self) -> u64 {
match self {
Self::Ranges(ranges) => ranges.iter().map(|r| r.end - r.start).sum(),
Self::Indices(indices) => indices.len() as u64,
}
}
pub fn trim_empty_ranges(mut self) -> Self {
if let Self::Ranges(ranges) = &mut self {
ranges.retain(|r| !r.is_empty());
}
self
}
fn into_ranges(self) -> Result<Vec<Range<u64>>> {
match self {
Self::Ranges(ranges) => Ok(ranges),
Self::Indices(indices) => Self::indices_to_ranges(&indices),
}
}
// coalesce continuous indices if possible (the input indices must be sorted)
fn indices_to_ranges(indices: &[u64]) -> Result<Vec<Range<u64>>> {
if indices.is_empty() {
return Ok(Vec::new());
}
let mut ranges = Vec::with_capacity(indices.len());
let mut start = indices[0];
for (index, pair) in indices.windows(2).enumerate() {
if pair[0] >= pair[1] {
return Err(Error::invalid_input(format!(
"Requested row indices are not strictly increasing at index {index}: {} then {}",
pair[0], pair[1]
)));
}
let end = pair[0]
.checked_add(1)
.ok_or_else(|| Error::invalid_input("Requested row index cannot equal u64::MAX"))?;
if pair[1] != end {
ranges.push(start..end);
start = pair[1];
}
}
let end = indices
.last()
.copied()
.and_then(|index| index.checked_add(1))
.ok_or_else(|| Error::invalid_input("Requested row index cannot equal u64::MAX"))?;
ranges.push(start..end);
Ok(ranges)
}
}
/// Configuration for decoder behavior
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct DecoderConfig {
/// Whether to cache repetition indices for better performance.
///
/// This defaults to the `LANCE_READ_CACHE_REPETITION_INDEX` environment variable
/// when present and is enabled by default. Set the env var to a non-truthy
/// value (for example `0` or `false`) to disable it. The env var is read
/// once per process.
pub cache_repetition_index: bool,
/// Whether to validate decoded data
pub validate_on_decode: bool,
/// Override the strategy used to dispatch the scheduling work in
/// [`schedule_and_decode`].
///
/// `schedule_and_decode` always awaits the scheduler's `initialize` (which
/// performs metadata I/O) before returning. This flag controls what
/// happens with the subsequent (synchronous) work of pushing decoder
/// messages into the channel that feeds the decode stream.
///
/// * `None` - default behavior: the scheduling work runs inline (as part
/// of the `schedule_and_decode` await) when the request is small
/// (controlled by the `LANCE_INLINE_SCHEDULING_THRESHOLD` env var) and
/// is dispatched onto a spawned task otherwise.
/// * `Some(true)` - always run scheduling inline. The await of
/// `schedule_and_decode` does not return until every decoder message
/// has been queued.
/// * `Some(false)` - always spawn a task for scheduling so that it can
/// overlap with consumption of the decode stream.
pub inline_scheduling: Option<bool>,
}
impl Default for DecoderConfig {
fn default() -> Self {
Self {
cache_repetition_index: default_cache_repetition_index(),
validate_on_decode: false,
inline_scheduling: None,
}
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct SchedulerDecoderConfig {
pub decoder_plugins: Arc<DecoderPlugins>,
pub batch_size: u32,
pub io: Arc<dyn EncodingsIo>,
pub cache: Arc<LanceCache>,
/// Decoder configuration
pub decoder_config: DecoderConfig,
/// If set, target this many bytes per batch while retaining `batch_size` as
/// an independent row-count upper bound.
///
/// Only supported for v2.1+ (structural) files. For v2.0 files this
/// option is ignored and a warning is logged.
pub batch_size_bytes: Option<u64>,
}
fn check_scheduler_on_drop(
stream: BoxStream<'static, ReadBatchTask>,
scheduler_handle: tokio::task::JoinHandle<()>,
) -> BoxStream<'static, ReadBatchTask> {
// This is a bit weird but we create an "empty stream" that unwraps the scheduler handle (which
// will panic if the scheduler panicked). This let's us check if the scheduler panicked
// when the stream finishes.
let abort_handle = scheduler_handle.abort_handle();
let mut scheduler_handle = Some(scheduler_handle);
let check_scheduler = stream::unfold((), move |_| {
let handle = scheduler_handle.take();
async move {
if let Some(handle) = handle {
handle.await.unwrap();
}
None
}
});
stream
.chain(check_scheduler)
.on_drop(move || {
// Abort the scheduler task on early drop. The scheduler task holds
// a reference to the I/O scheduler (via config.io) which keeps the
// ScanScheduler alive. If the scheduler task is stuck waiting for
// initialization I/O (which is blocked on backpressure that will
// never drain because no one is consuming the stream), we need to
// abort it so it releases its I/O reference and allows the
// ScanScheduler to drop and cancel pending I/O.
abort_handle.abort();
})
.boxed()
}
#[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
pub fn create_decode_stream(
schema: &Schema,
num_rows: u64,
batch_size: u32,
is_structural: bool,
should_validate: bool,
spawn_structural_batch_decode_tasks: bool,
rx: mpsc::UnboundedReceiver<Result<DecoderMessage>>,
batch_size_bytes: Option<u64>,
) -> Result<BoxStream<'static, ReadBatchTask>> {
create_decode_stream_with_i32_offset_limit(
schema,
num_rows,
batch_size,
is_structural,
should_validate,
spawn_structural_batch_decode_tasks,
rx,
batch_size_bytes,
true,
)
}
#[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
fn create_decode_stream_with_i32_offset_limit(
schema: &Schema,
num_rows: u64,
batch_size: u32,
is_structural: bool,
should_validate: bool,
spawn_structural_batch_decode_tasks: bool,
rx: mpsc::UnboundedReceiver<Result<DecoderMessage>>,
batch_size_bytes: Option<u64>,
limit_i32_offset_batch_size: bool,
) -> Result<BoxStream<'static, ReadBatchTask>> {
if is_structural {
let arrow_schema = ArrowSchema::from(schema);
let structural_decoder = StructuralStructDecoder::new(
arrow_schema.fields,
should_validate,
/*is_root=*/ true,
/*nullable=*/ false,
)?;
Ok(StructuralBatchDecodeStream::new(
rx,
batch_size,
num_rows,
structural_decoder,
spawn_structural_batch_decode_tasks,
batch_size_bytes,
)
.into_stream())
} else {
if batch_size_bytes.is_some() {
warn!("batch_size_bytes is not supported for v2.0 files and will be ignored");
}
let arrow_schema = ArrowSchema::from(schema);
let root_fields = arrow_schema.fields;
let simple_struct_decoder = SimpleStructDecoder::new(root_fields, num_rows);
Ok(BatchDecodeStream::new_with_i32_offset_limit(
rx,
batch_size,
num_rows,
simple_struct_decoder,
limit_i32_offset_batch_size,
)
.into_stream())
}
}
/// Creates a iterator that decodes a set of messages in a blocking fashion
///
/// See [`schedule_and_decode_blocking`] for more information.
pub fn create_decode_iterator(
schema: &Schema,
num_rows: u64,
batch_size: u32,
should_validate: bool,
is_structural: bool,
messages: VecDeque<Result<DecoderMessage>>,
) -> Result<Box<dyn RecordBatchReader + Send + 'static>> {
let arrow_schema = Arc::new(ArrowSchema::from(schema));
let root_fields = arrow_schema.fields.clone();
if is_structural {
let simple_struct_decoder = StructuralStructDecoder::new(
root_fields,
should_validate,
/*is_root=*/ true,
/*nullable=*/ false,
)?;
Ok(Box::new(BatchDecodeIterator::new(
messages,
batch_size,
num_rows,
simple_struct_decoder,
arrow_schema,
)))
} else {
let root_decoder = SimpleStructDecoder::new(root_fields, num_rows);
Ok(Box::new(BatchDecodeIterator::new(
messages,
batch_size,
num_rows,
root_decoder,
arrow_schema,
)))
}
}
async fn create_scheduler_decoder(
column_infos: Vec<Arc<ColumnInfo>>,
requested_rows: RequestedRows,
filter: FilterExpression,
column_indices: Vec<u32>,
target_schema: Arc<Schema>,
config: SchedulerDecoderConfig,
) -> Result<BoxStream<'static, ReadBatchTask>> {
let num_rows = requested_rows.num_rows();
let is_range_request = matches!(&requested_rows, RequestedRows::Ranges(_));
let is_structural = column_infos[0].is_structural();
let mode = std::env::var(ENV_LANCE_STRUCTURAL_BATCH_DECODE_SPAWN_MODE);
let spawn_structural_batch_decode_tasks = match mode.ok().as_deref() {
Some("always") => true,
Some("never") => false,
_ => is_range_request,
};
let (tx, rx) = mpsc::unbounded_channel();
let decode_stream = create_decode_stream(
&target_schema,
num_rows,
config.batch_size,
is_structural,
config.decoder_config.validate_on_decode,
spawn_structural_batch_decode_tasks,
rx,
config.batch_size_bytes,
)?;
// The scheduler's `initialize` may perform I/O to load column metadata
// unless that metadata is already in the cache. This metadata loading
// happens as part of this call and should be parallelized if reading
// multiple files. We pass the rows we are about to schedule so that the
// structural path only initializes the pages those rows touch.
let requested_ranges = requested_rows.into_ranges()?;
let mut decode_scheduler = DecodeBatchScheduler::try_new_with_ranges(
target_schema.as_ref(),
&column_indices,
&column_infos,
&vec![],
num_rows,
config.decoder_plugins,
config.io.clone(),
config.cache,
Some(&requested_ranges),
&filter,
&config.decoder_config,
)
.await?;
// For small requests the scheduling cost is dwarfed by the overhead of
// spawning a task, so we run scheduling inline (still as part of this
// await) before returning. The threshold is configurable via
// `LANCE_INLINE_SCHEDULING_THRESHOLD`, and callers can force either
// strategy via `DecoderConfig::inline_scheduling`.
let inline_scheduling = config
.decoder_config
.inline_scheduling
.unwrap_or_else(|| num_rows <= inline_scheduling_threshold());
if inline_scheduling {
decode_scheduler.schedule_ranges(&requested_ranges, &filter, tx, config.io);
Ok(decode_stream)
} else {
// Spawn the (still synchronous) scheduling work so that decoder
// messages can stream into the channel while the consumer is
// already pulling from the decode stream.
let scheduling = async move {
decode_scheduler.schedule_ranges(&requested_ranges, &filter, tx, config.io)
};
let scheduler_handle = tokio::task::spawn(scheduling);
Ok(check_scheduler_on_drop(decode_stream, scheduler_handle))
}
}
/// Initializes the scheduler, schedules the requested rows, and returns a
/// stream of decode tasks for the resulting batches.
///
/// This is a convenience function that creates both the scheduler and the
/// decoder, which can be a little tricky to get right.
///
/// # Why is this async?
///
/// Constructing the scheduler runs `initialize` which will perform I/O
/// unless the data required is already in the file metadata cache.
///
/// When `DecoderConfig::inline_scheduling` resolves to `true`, the
/// subsequent (synchronous) scheduling work also runs before this function
/// returns, leaving a fully primed decode stream.
pub async fn schedule_and_decode(
column_infos: Vec<Arc<ColumnInfo>>,
requested_rows: RequestedRows,
filter: FilterExpression,
column_indices: Vec<u32>,
target_schema: Arc<Schema>,
config: SchedulerDecoderConfig,
) -> Result<BoxStream<'static, ReadBatchTask>> {
if requested_rows.num_rows() == 0 {
return Ok(stream::empty().boxed());
}
// If the user requested any ranges that are empty, ignore them. They are pointless and
// trying to read them has caused bugs in the past.
let requested_rows = requested_rows.trim_empty_ranges();
let io = config.io.clone();
let stream = create_scheduler_decoder(
column_infos,
requested_rows,
filter,
column_indices,
target_schema,
config,
)
.await?;
// Keep the io alive until the stream is dropped or finishes. Otherwise the
// I/O drops as soon as the scheduling is finished and the I/O loop terminates.
Ok(stream.finally(move || drop(io)).boxed())
}
pub static WAITER_RT: LazyLock<tokio::runtime::Runtime> = LazyLock::new(|| {
tokio::runtime::Builder::new_current_thread()
.build()
.unwrap()
});
/// Schedules and decodes the requested data in a blocking fashion
///
/// This function is a blocking version of [`schedule_and_decode`]. It schedules the requested data
/// and decodes it in the current thread.
///
/// This can be useful when the disk is fast (or the data is in memory) and the amount
/// of data is relatively small. For example, when doing a take against NVMe or in-memory data.
///
/// This should NOT be used for full scans. Even if the data is in memory this function will
/// not parallelize the decode and will be slower than the async version. Full scans typically
/// make relatively few IOPs and so the asynchronous overhead is much smaller.
///
/// This method will first completely run the scheduling process. Then it will run the
/// decode process.
pub fn schedule_and_decode_blocking(
column_infos: Vec<Arc<ColumnInfo>>,
requested_rows: RequestedRows,
filter: FilterExpression,
column_indices: Vec<u32>,
target_schema: Arc<Schema>,
config: SchedulerDecoderConfig,
) -> Result<Box<dyn RecordBatchReader + Send + 'static>> {
if requested_rows.num_rows() == 0 {
let arrow_schema = Arc::new(ArrowSchema::from(target_schema.as_ref()));
return Ok(Box::new(RecordBatchIterator::new(vec![], arrow_schema)));
}
let requested_rows = requested_rows.trim_empty_ranges();
let num_rows = requested_rows.num_rows();
let is_structural = column_infos[0].is_structural();
let (tx, mut rx) = mpsc::unbounded_channel();
// Initialize the scheduler. This is still "asynchronous" but we run it with a current-thread
// runtime. Pass the rows we are about to schedule so the structural path
// only initializes the pages those rows touch.
let requested_ranges = requested_rows.into_ranges()?;
let mut decode_scheduler = WAITER_RT.block_on(DecodeBatchScheduler::try_new_with_ranges(
target_schema.as_ref(),
&column_indices,
&column_infos,
&vec![],
num_rows,
config.decoder_plugins,
config.io.clone(),
config.cache,
Some(&requested_ranges),
&filter,
&config.decoder_config,
))?;
// Schedule the requested rows
decode_scheduler.schedule_ranges(&requested_ranges, &filter, tx, config.io);
// Drain the scheduler queue into a vec of decode messages
let mut messages = Vec::new();
while rx
.recv_many(&mut messages, usize::MAX)
.now_or_never()
.unwrap()
!= 0
{}
// Create a decoder to decode the messages
let decode_iterator = create_decode_iterator(
&target_schema,
num_rows,
config.batch_size,
config.decoder_config.validate_on_decode,
is_structural,
messages.into(),
)?;
Ok(decode_iterator)
}
/// A decoder for single-column encodings of primitive data (this includes fixed size
/// lists of primitive data)
///
/// Physical decoders are able to decode into existing buffers for zero-copy operation.
///
/// Instances should be stateless and `Send` / `Sync`. This is because multiple decode
/// tasks could reference the same page. For example, imagine a page covers rows 0-2000
/// and the decoder stream has a batch size of 1024. The decoder will be needed by both
/// the decode task for batch 0 and the decode task for batch 1.
///
/// See [`crate::decoder`] for more information
pub trait PrimitivePageDecoder: Send + Sync {
/// Decode data into buffers
///
/// This may be a simple zero-copy from a disk buffer or could involve complex decoding
/// such as decompressing from some compressed representation.
///
/// Capacity is stored as a tuple of (num_bytes: u64, is_needed: bool). The `is_needed`
/// portion only needs to be updated if the encoding has some concept of an "optional"
/// buffer.
///
/// Encodings can have any number of input or output buffers. For example, a dictionary
/// decoding will convert two buffers (indices + dictionary) into a single buffer
///
/// Binary decodings have two output buffers (one for values, one for offsets)
///
/// Other decodings could even expand the # of output buffers. For example, we could decode
/// fixed size strings into variable length strings going from one input buffer to multiple output
/// buffers.
///
/// Each Arrow data type typically has a fixed structure of buffers and the encoding chain will
/// generally end at one of these structures. However, intermediate structures may exist which
/// do not correspond to any Arrow type at all. For example, a bitpacking encoding will deal
/// with buffers that have bits-per-value that is not a multiple of 8.
///
/// The `primitive_array_from_buffers` method has an expected buffer layout for each arrow
/// type (order matters) and encodings that aim to decode into arrow types should respect
/// this layout.
/// # Arguments
///
/// * `rows_to_skip` - how many rows to skip (within the page) before decoding
/// * `num_rows` - how many rows to decode
/// * `all_null` - A mutable bool, set to true if a decoder determines all values are null
fn decode(&self, rows_to_skip: u64, num_rows: u64) -> Result<DataBlock>;
/// Returns the variable-width **value** bytes (the bytes an offsets buffer
/// indexes into) that decoding `num_rows` rows starting at `rows_to_skip`
/// will produce, or `None` when the encoding cannot report sizes without
/// decoding. An upper bound is acceptable; callers use this to keep i32
/// offset values within capacity, so over-estimating only splits batches
/// earlier while under-estimating would let them overflow.
fn variable_width_bytes(&self, _rows_to_skip: u64, _num_rows: u64) -> Result<Option<u64>> {
Ok(None)
}
}
/// A scheduler for single-column encodings of primitive data
///
/// The scheduler is responsible for calculating what I/O is needed for the requested rows
///
/// Instances should be stateless and `Send` and `Sync`. This is because instances can
/// be shared in follow-up I/O tasks.
///
/// See [`crate::decoder`] for more information
pub trait PageScheduler: Send + Sync + std::fmt::Debug {
/// Schedules a batch of I/O to load the data needed for the requested ranges
///
/// Returns a future that will yield a decoder once the data has been loaded
///
/// # Arguments
///
/// * `range` - the range of row offsets (relative to start of page) requested
/// these must be ordered and must not overlap
/// * `scheduler` - a scheduler to submit the I/O request to
/// * `top_level_row` - the row offset of the top level field currently being
/// scheduled. This can be used to assign priority to I/O requests
fn schedule_ranges(
&self,
ranges: &[Range<u64>],
scheduler: &Arc<dyn EncodingsIo>,
top_level_row: u64,
) -> BoxFuture<'static, Result<Box<dyn PrimitivePageDecoder>>>;
}
/// A trait to control the priority of I/O
pub trait PriorityRange: std::fmt::Debug + Send + Sync {
fn advance(&mut self, num_rows: u64);
fn current_priority(&self) -> u64;
fn box_clone(&self) -> Box<dyn PriorityRange>;
}
/// A simple priority scheme for top-level fields with no parent
/// repetition
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct SimplePriorityRange {
priority: u64,
}
impl SimplePriorityRange {
fn new(priority: u64) -> Self {
Self { priority }
}
}
impl PriorityRange for SimplePriorityRange {
fn advance(&mut self, num_rows: u64) {
self.priority += num_rows;
}
fn current_priority(&self) -> u64 {
self.priority
}
fn box_clone(&self) -> Box<dyn PriorityRange> {
Box::new(Self {
priority: self.priority,
})
}
}
/// Determining the priority of a list request is tricky. We want
/// the priority to be the top-level row. So if we have a
/// `list<list<int>>` and each outer list has 10 rows and each inner
/// list has 5 rows then the priority of the 100th item is 1 because
/// it is the 5th item in the 10th item of the *second* row.
///
/// This structure allows us to keep track of this complicated priority
/// relationship.
///
/// There's a fair amount of bookkeeping involved here.
///
/// A better approach (using repetition levels) is coming in the future.
pub struct ListPriorityRange {
base: Box<dyn PriorityRange>,
offsets: Arc<[u64]>,
cur_index_into_offsets: usize,
cur_position: u64,
}
impl ListPriorityRange {
pub(crate) fn new(base: Box<dyn PriorityRange>, offsets: Arc<[u64]>) -> Self {
Self {
base,
offsets,
cur_index_into_offsets: 0,
cur_position: 0,
}
}
}
impl std::fmt::Debug for ListPriorityRange {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
f.debug_struct("ListPriorityRange")
.field("base", &self.base)
.field("offsets.len()", &self.offsets.len())
.field("cur_index_into_offsets", &self.cur_index_into_offsets)
.field("cur_position", &self.cur_position)
.finish()
}
}
impl PriorityRange for ListPriorityRange {
fn advance(&mut self, num_rows: u64) {
// We've scheduled X items. Now walk through the offsets to
// determine how many rows we've scheduled.
self.cur_position += num_rows;
let mut idx_into_offsets = self.cur_index_into_offsets;
while idx_into_offsets + 1 < self.offsets.len()
&& self.offsets[idx_into_offsets + 1] <= self.cur_position
{
idx_into_offsets += 1;
}
let base_rows_advanced = idx_into_offsets - self.cur_index_into_offsets;
self.cur_index_into_offsets = idx_into_offsets;
self.base.advance(base_rows_advanced as u64);
}
fn current_priority(&self) -> u64 {
self.base.current_priority()
}
fn box_clone(&self) -> Box<dyn PriorityRange> {
Box::new(Self {
base: self.base.box_clone(),
offsets: self.offsets.clone(),
cur_index_into_offsets: self.cur_index_into_offsets,
cur_position: self.cur_position,
})
}
}
/// Contains the context for a scheduler
/// The writer accumulates about this many bytes of values per column before it
/// cuts pages (`EncodingOptions::cache_bytes_per_column`), and the rep/def
/// budget of a mini-block chunk then splits that block into many small pages
/// for nested columns. Batching reads back up to this size restores one
/// I/O request per accumulated block.
pub(crate) const IO_REQUEST_BATCH_BYTES: u64 = 8 * 1024 * 1024;
type SharedRead = Shared<BoxFuture<'static, std::result::Result<Arc<Vec<Bytes>>, CloneableError>>>;
/// What a pending read receives once its batch is submitted.
enum SubmittedRead {
/// The read was alone in its batch and owns the request.
Alone(BoxFuture<'static, Result<Vec<Bytes>>>),
/// The batched request and the position of each of the read's ranges in it.
Shared(SharedRead, Vec<usize>),
}
struct PendingRead {
ranges: Vec<Range<u64>>,
priority: u64,
tx: oneshot::Sender<SubmittedRead>,
}
/// Collects the reads submitted while one scheduling step runs and sends them
/// to the I/O layer as a single request.
///
/// The I/O scheduler only coalesces the ranges of one request, so the reads a
/// step issues for different pages, or for different columns, cost one request
/// each even when they sit next to each other in the file. A take of a few rows
/// reads a few bytes per column, and a file's small pages are packed together,
/// so batching them turns dozens of requests into a handful.
///
/// A batch is submitted by [`Self::flush`] when the step ends, as soon as the
/// queued reads reach [`IO_REQUEST_BATCH_BYTES`] (a page that shards its own
/// reads to bound buffering keeps every shard in a bounded read), or when a
/// caller awaits one of its reads, so a read queued outside a step (indirect
/// I/O issued from a load future) never waits for a flush that does not come.
/// That last flush waits for one yield first: sibling futures polled in the
/// same pass (a struct's columns initializing their pages, a scan line's list
/// columns fetching their items) all queue their reads before the first of
/// them resumes and submits the lot.
pub(crate) struct RequestBatch {
inner: Arc<dyn EncodingsIo>,
pending: Arc<Mutex<Vec<PendingRead>>>,
}
impl std::fmt::Debug for RequestBatch {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
f.debug_struct("RequestBatch").finish_non_exhaustive()
}
}
impl RequestBatch {
pub(crate) fn new(inner: Arc<dyn EncodingsIo>) -> Self {
Self {
inner,
pending: Arc::new(Mutex::new(Vec::new())),
}
}
fn queued_bytes(pending: &[PendingRead]) -> u64 {
pending
.iter()
.flat_map(|read| &read.ranges)
.map(|range| range.end - range.start)
.sum()
}
/// Bytes requested by the reads collected so far.
pub(crate) fn pending_bytes(&self) -> u64 {
Self::queued_bytes(&self.pending.lock().unwrap())
}
/// Submits the collected reads as one request.
pub(crate) fn flush(&self) {
Self::flush_pending(&self.inner, &self.pending);
}
fn flush_pending(inner: &Arc<dyn EncodingsIo>, pending: &Mutex<Vec<PendingRead>>) {
let pending = std::mem::take(&mut *pending.lock().unwrap());
Self::submit_batch(inner, pending);
}
/// Submits `pending` as one request, sorted by file offset, and hands each
/// read its own slice of the result.
fn submit_batch(inner: &Arc<dyn EncodingsIo>, pending: Vec<PendingRead>) {
if pending.is_empty() {
return;
}
if pending.len() == 1 {
let read = pending.into_iter().next().unwrap();
let _ = read.tx.send(SubmittedRead::Alone(
inner.submit_request(read.ranges, read.priority),
));
return;
}
// The lowest row number any of the batched reads delivers data for.
let priority = pending.iter().map(|read| read.priority).min().unwrap();
let mut ordered = pending
.iter()
.enumerate()
.flat_map(|(read_idx, read)| {
read.ranges
.iter()
.enumerate()
.map(move |(range_idx, range)| (range.clone(), read_idx, range_idx))
})
.collect::<Vec<_>>();
ordered.sort_by_key(|(range, _, _)| (range.start, range.end));
let ranges = ordered
.iter()
.map(|(range, _, _)| range.clone())
.collect::<Vec<_>>();
// For every read, where each of its ranges landed in the sorted request.
let mut positions = pending
.iter()
.map(|read| vec![0; read.ranges.len()])
.collect::<Vec<_>>();
for (position, (_, read_idx, range_idx)) in ordered.iter().enumerate() {
positions[*read_idx][*range_idx] = position;
}
let batched: SharedRead = inner
.submit_request(ranges, priority)
.map(|result| result.map(Arc::new).map_err(CloneableError))
.boxed()
.shared();
for (read, read_positions) in pending.into_iter().zip(positions) {
// The receiver is gone only when the read's future was dropped.
let _ = read
.tx
.send(SubmittedRead::Shared(batched.clone(), read_positions));
}
}
}
impl EncodingsIo for RequestBatch {
fn submit_request(
&self,
ranges: Vec<Range<u64>>,
priority: u64,
) -> BoxFuture<'static, Result<Vec<Bytes>>> {
let mut pending = self.pending.lock().unwrap();
// Keep every batch within the budget: a page that shards its reads
// must not have all its shards collapse into one unbounded read.
let bytes = ranges
.iter()
.map(|range| range.end - range.start)
.sum::<u64>();
if !pending.is_empty() && Self::queued_bytes(&pending) + bytes > IO_REQUEST_BATCH_BYTES {
Self::submit_batch(&self.inner, std::mem::take(&mut *pending));
}
let (tx, mut rx) = oneshot::channel();
pending.push(PendingRead {
ranges,
priority,
tx,
});
drop(pending);
let inner = self.inner.clone();
let pending = self.pending.clone();
async move {
let submitted = match rx.try_recv() {
// The step that queued this read already flushed it.
Ok(Some(submitted)) => submitted,
_ => {
// Awaiting a read is the end of whatever step queued it.
// Yield once so the siblings polled in the same pass get
// to queue too, then submit them all.
tokio::task::yield_now().await;
Self::flush_pending(&inner, &pending);
rx.await.map_err(|_| {
Error::internal("a batched read was dropped before the batch was submitted")
})?
}
};
match submitted {
SubmittedRead::Alone(request) => request.await,
SubmittedRead::Shared(batched, positions) => {
let bytes = batched.await.map_err(|err| err.0)?;
Ok(positions
.into_iter()
.map(|position| bytes[position].clone())
.collect())
}
}
}
.boxed()
}
fn with_bypass_backpressure(&self) -> Option<Arc<dyn EncodingsIo>> {
self.inner.with_bypass_backpressure()
}
fn with_io_stats(
&self,
stats: Arc<dyn lance_core::utils::io_stats::IoStatsRecorder>,
) -> Option<Arc<dyn EncodingsIo>> {
self.inner.with_io_stats(stats)
}
}
pub struct SchedulerContext {
recv: Option<mpsc::UnboundedReceiver<DecoderMessage>>,
io: Arc<dyn EncodingsIo>,
/// `io`, as the batch that collects one scheduling step's reads.
batch: Arc<RequestBatch>,
cache: Arc<LanceCache>,
name: String,
path: Vec<u32>,
path_names: Vec<String>,
}
pub struct ScopedSchedulerContext<'a> {
pub context: &'a mut SchedulerContext,
}
impl<'a> ScopedSchedulerContext<'a> {
pub fn pop(self) -> &'a mut SchedulerContext {
self.context.pop();
self.context
}
}
impl SchedulerContext {
pub fn new(io: Arc<dyn EncodingsIo>, cache: Arc<LanceCache>) -> Self {
let batch = Arc::new(RequestBatch::new(io));
Self {
io: batch.clone(),
batch,
cache,
recv: None,
name: "".to_string(),
path: Vec::new(),
path_names: Vec::new(),
}
}
pub fn io(&self) -> &Arc<dyn EncodingsIo> {
&self.io
}
/// Submits the reads the schedulers queued since the last step as one request.
pub fn flush_io(&self) {
self.batch.flush();
}
pub fn cache(&self) -> &Arc<LanceCache> {
&self.cache
}
pub fn push(&'_ mut self, name: &str, index: u32) -> ScopedSchedulerContext<'_> {
self.path.push(index);
self.path_names.push(name.to_string());
ScopedSchedulerContext { context: self }
}
pub fn pop(&mut self) {
self.path.pop();
self.path_names.pop();
}
pub fn path_name(&self) -> String {
let path = self.path_names.join("/");
if self.recv.is_some() {
format!("TEMP({}){}", self.name, path)
} else {
format!("ROOT{}", path)
}
}
pub fn current_path(&self) -> VecDeque<u32> {
VecDeque::from_iter(self.path.iter().copied())
}
#[deprecated(since = "0.29.1", note = "This is for v2.0 array-encoding paths")]
pub fn locate_decoder(&mut self, decoder: Box<dyn LogicalPageDecoder>) -> DecoderReady {
trace!(
"Scheduling decoder of type {:?} for {:?}",
decoder.data_type(),
self.path,
);
DecoderReady {
decoder,
path: self.current_path(),
}
}
}
pub struct UnloadedPageShard(pub BoxFuture<'static, Result<LoadedPageShard>>);
impl std::fmt::Debug for UnloadedPageShard {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
f.debug_struct("UnloadedPage").finish()
}
}
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct ScheduledScanLine {
pub rows_scheduled: u64,
pub decoders: Vec<MessageType>,
}
pub trait StructuralSchedulingJob: std::fmt::Debug {
/// Schedule the next batch of data
///
/// Normally this equates to scheduling the next page of data into one task. Very large pages
/// might be split into multiple scan lines. Each scan line has one or more rows.
///
/// If a scheduler ends early it may return an empty vector.
fn schedule_next(&mut self, context: &mut SchedulerContext) -> Result<Vec<ScheduledScanLine>>;
}
/// A filter expression to apply to the data
///
/// The core decoders do not currently take advantage of filtering in
/// any way. In order to maintain the abstraction we represent filters
/// as an arbitrary byte sequence.
///
/// We recommend that encodings use Substrait for filters.
pub struct FilterExpression(pub Bytes);
impl FilterExpression {
/// Create a filter expression that does not filter any data
///
/// This is currently represented by an empty byte array. Encoders
/// that are "filter aware" should make sure they handle this case.
pub fn no_filter() -> Self {
Self(Bytes::new())
}
/// Returns true if the filter is the same as the [`Self::no_filter`] filter
pub fn is_noop(&self) -> bool {
self.0.is_empty()
}
}
pub trait StructuralFieldScheduler: Send + std::fmt::Debug {
/// Loads the per-page metadata this column needs before scheduling.
///
/// When `requested_ranges` is present, only pages overlapping those
/// top-level row ranges are initialized. `None` initializes the complete
/// field.
fn initialize<'a>(
&'a mut self,
requested_ranges: Option<&'a [Range<u64>]>,
filter: &'a FilterExpression,
context: &'a SchedulerContext,
) -> BoxFuture<'a, Result<()>>;
fn schedule_ranges<'a>(
&'a self,
ranges: &[Range<u64>],
filter: &FilterExpression,
) -> Result<Box<dyn StructuralSchedulingJob + 'a>>;
}
/// A trait for tasks that decode data into an Arrow array
pub trait DecodeArrayTask: Send {
/// Decodes the data into an Arrow array and its data size in bytes
fn decode(self: Box<Self>) -> Result<(ArrayRef, u64)>;
}
impl DecodeArrayTask for Box<dyn StructuralDecodeArrayTask> {
fn decode(self: Box<Self>) -> Result<(ArrayRef, u64)> {
let decoded_array = StructuralDecodeArrayTask::decode(*self)?;
decoded_array.repdef.ensure_exhausted()?;
Ok((decoded_array.array, decoded_array.data_size))
}
}
/// A task to decode data into an Arrow record batch
///
/// It has a child `task` which decodes a struct array with no nulls.
/// This is then converted into a record batch.
pub struct NextDecodeTask {
/// The decode task itself
pub task: Box<dyn DecodeArrayTask>,
/// The number of rows that will be created
pub num_rows: u64,
}
impl NextDecodeTask {
// Run the task and produce a record batch
//
// If the batch is very large this function will log a warning message
// suggesting the user try a smaller batch size.
#[instrument(name = "task_to_batch", level = "debug", skip_all)]
fn into_batch(self, emitted_batch_size_warning: Arc<Once>) -> Result<(RecordBatch, u64)> {
let (struct_arr, data_size) = self.task.decode()?;
let batch = RecordBatch::from(struct_arr.as_struct());
if data_size > BATCH_SIZE_BYTES_WARNING {
emitted_batch_size_warning.call_once(|| {
let size_mb = data_size / 1024 / 1024;
debug!("Lance read in a single batch that contained more than {}MiB of data. You may want to consider reducing the batch size.", size_mb);
});
}
Ok((batch, data_size))
}
}
// An envelope to wrap both 2.0 style messages and 2.1 style messages so we can
// share some code paths between the two. Decoders can safely unwrap into whatever
// style they expect since a file will be either all-2.0 or all-2.1
#[derive(Debug)]
pub enum MessageType {
// The older v2.0 scheduler/decoder used a scheme where the message was the
// decoder itself. The messages were not sent in priority order and the decoder
// had to wait for I/O, figuring out the correct priority. This was a lot of
// complexity.
DecoderReady(DecoderReady),
// Starting in 2.1 we use a simpler scheme where the scheduling happens in priority
// order and the message is an unloaded decoder. These can be awaited, in order, and
// the decoder does not have to worry about waiting for I/O.
UnloadedPage(UnloadedPageShard),
}
impl MessageType {
pub fn into_array(self) -> DecoderReady {
match self {
Self::DecoderReady(decoder) => decoder,
Self::UnloadedPage(_) => {
panic!("Expected DecoderReady but got UnloadedPage")
}
}
}
pub fn into_structural(self) -> UnloadedPageShard {
match self {
Self::UnloadedPage(unloaded) => unloaded,
Self::DecoderReady(_) => {
panic!("Expected UnloadedPage but got DecoderReady")
}
}
}
}
pub struct DecoderMessage {
pub scheduled_so_far: u64,
pub decoders: Vec<MessageType>,
}
pub struct DecoderContext {
source: mpsc::UnboundedReceiver<Result<DecoderMessage>>,
}
impl DecoderContext {
pub fn new(source: mpsc::UnboundedReceiver<Result<DecoderMessage>>) -> Self {
Self { source }
}
}
pub struct DecodedPage {
pub data: DataBlock,
pub repdef: RepDefUnraveler,
}
pub trait DecodePageTask: Send + std::fmt::Debug {
/// Decodes the data into an Arrow array
fn decode(self: Box<Self>) -> Result<DecodedPage>;
}
pub trait StructuralPageDecoder: std::fmt::Debug + Send {
fn drain(&mut self, num_rows: u64) -> Result<Box<dyn DecodePageTask>>;
fn num_rows(&self) -> u64;
/// Returns the exact decoded byte count for the next `num_rows` rows
/// from this decoder's current position, without consuming any rows.
fn decoded_bytes(&self, _num_rows: u64) -> Result<u64> {
Err(Error::not_supported(
"decoded_bytes is not implemented for this page decoder".to_string(),
))
}
}
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct LoadedPageShard {
// The decoder that is ready to be decoded
pub decoder: Box<dyn StructuralPageDecoder>,
// The path to the decoder, the first value is the column index
// following values, if present, are nested child indices
//
// For example, a path of [1, 1, 0] would mean to grab the second
// column, then the second child, and then the first child.
//
// It could represent x in the following schema:
//
// score: float64
// points: struct
// color: string
// location: struct
// x: float64
//
// Currently, only struct decoders have "children" although other
// decoders may at some point as well. List children are only
// handled through indirect I/O at the moment and so they don't
// need to be represented (yet)
pub path: VecDeque<u32>,
}
pub struct DecodedArray {
pub array: ArrayRef,
pub repdef: CompositeRepDefUnraveler,
/// The number of bytes of data in this array (excluding Arrow overhead).
pub data_size: u64,
}
pub trait StructuralDecodeArrayTask: std::fmt::Debug + Send {
fn decode(self: Box<Self>) -> Result<DecodedArray>;
}
pub trait StructuralFieldDecoder: std::fmt::Debug + Send {
/// Add a newly scheduled child decoder
///
/// The default implementation does not expect children and returns
/// an error.
fn accept_page(&mut self, _child: LoadedPageShard) -> Result<()>;
/// Creates a task to decode `num_rows` of data into an array
fn drain(&mut self, num_rows: u64) -> Result<Box<dyn StructuralDecodeArrayTask>>;
/// The data type of the decoded data
fn data_type(&self) -> &DataType;
/// Returns the exact decoded byte count for each of [`CANDIDATE_BATCH_SIZES`]
/// row counts, clamped to `rows_remaining`.
///
/// Implementations should do their best to estimate the exact size required for
/// the uncompressed data. In cases where this is not possible they should return
/// a worst-case estimate.
///
/// The default implementation simply returns a "not supported" error though this
/// will hopefully be removed once implementation is complete.
fn plan_decoded_bytes(&self, _rows_remaining: u64) -> Result<[u64; 8]> {
Err(Error::not_supported(
"decoded_bytes is not implemented for this field decoder".to_string(),
))
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Default)]
pub struct DecoderPlugins {}
/// The top-level column layout used by an in-memory encoded batch.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum EncodedBatchLayout {
/// Array pages include structural columns.
Array,
/// Structural pages include only leaf columns.
Structural,
}
/// Decodes a batch of data from an in-memory structure created by [`crate::encoder::encode_batch`]
pub async fn decode_batch(
batch: &EncodedBatch,
filter: &FilterExpression,
decoder_plugins: Arc<DecoderPlugins>,
should_validate: bool,
layout: EncodedBatchLayout,
cache: Option<Arc<LanceCache>>,
) -> Result<RecordBatch> {
// The io is synchronous so it shouldn't be possible for any async stuff to still be in progress
// Still, if we just use now_or_never we hit misfires because some futures (channels) need to be
// polled twice.
let io_scheduler = Arc::new(BufferScheduler::new(batch.data.clone())) as Arc<dyn EncodingsIo>;
let cache = if let Some(cache) = cache {
cache
} else {
Arc::new(lance_core::cache::LanceCache::with_capacity(
128 * 1024 * 1024,
))
};
let mut decode_scheduler = DecodeBatchScheduler::try_new(
batch.schema.as_ref(),
&batch.top_level_columns,
&batch.page_table,
&vec![],
batch.num_rows,
decoder_plugins,
io_scheduler.clone(),
cache,
filter,
&DecoderConfig::default(),
)
.await?;
let (tx, rx) = unbounded_channel();
decode_scheduler.schedule_range(0..batch.num_rows, filter, tx, io_scheduler);
let is_structural = layout == EncodedBatchLayout::Structural;
let mode = std::env::var(ENV_LANCE_STRUCTURAL_BATCH_DECODE_SPAWN_MODE);
let spawn_structural_batch_decode_tasks = !matches!(mode.ok().as_deref(), Some("never"));
// `EncodedBatch` is created from one RecordBatch, so every i32-offset array is
// already known to fit in one Arrow array. Preserve the single-batch contract here.
let mut decode_stream = create_decode_stream_with_i32_offset_limit(
&batch.schema,
batch.num_rows,
batch.num_rows as u32,
is_structural,
should_validate,
spawn_structural_batch_decode_tasks,
rx,
None,
false,
)?;
decode_stream.next().await.unwrap().task.await
}
#[cfg(test)]
// test coalesce indices to ranges
mod tests {
use super::*;
use arrow_array::StringArray;
use std::collections::VecDeque;
struct StaticArrayDecodeTask(ArrayRef);
impl DecodeArrayTask for StaticArrayDecodeTask {
fn decode(self: Box<Self>) -> Result<(ArrayRef, u64)> {
Ok((self.0, 0))
}
}
#[derive(Debug)]
struct StaticArrayPageDecoder {
array: ArrayRef,
rows_drained: u64,
/// Pretend each row decodes to this many bytes instead of its real size,
/// so budget exhaustion can be tested without gigabyte allocations.
fake_bytes_per_row: Option<u64>,
}
impl StaticArrayPageDecoder {
fn new(values: &[&str]) -> Self {
Self {
array: Arc::new(StringArray::from(values.to_vec())),
rows_drained: 0,
fake_bytes_per_row: None,
}
}
fn with_fake_bytes_per_row(values: &[&str], fake_bytes_per_row: u64) -> Self {
Self {
fake_bytes_per_row: Some(fake_bytes_per_row),
..Self::new(values)
}
}
fn row_bytes(&self, row: usize) -> u64 {
self.fake_bytes_per_row.unwrap_or_else(|| {
self.array
.as_any()
.downcast_ref::<StringArray>()
.unwrap()
.value(row)
.len() as u64
})
}
}
impl LogicalPageDecoder for StaticArrayPageDecoder {
fn wait_for_loaded(&mut self, _loaded_need: u64) -> BoxFuture<'_, Result<()>> {
std::future::ready(Ok(())).boxed()
}
fn rows_loaded(&self) -> u64 {
self.array.len() as u64
}
fn num_rows(&self) -> u64 {
self.array.len() as u64
}
fn rows_drained(&self) -> u64 {
self.rows_drained
}
fn drain(&mut self, num_rows: u64) -> Result<NextDecodeTask> {
let array = self
.array
.slice(self.rows_drained as usize, num_rows as usize);
self.rows_drained += num_rows;
Ok(NextDecodeTask {
task: Box::new(StaticArrayDecodeTask(array)),
num_rows,
})
}
fn max_rows_to_drain(&self, num_rows: u64, byte_budget: u64) -> Result<DrainLimit> {
let start = self.rows_drained as usize;
let mut rows = 0u64;
let mut bytes = 0u64;
for row in start..start + num_rows as usize {
let row_bytes = self.row_bytes(row);
if bytes + row_bytes > byte_budget {
break;
}
bytes += row_bytes;
rows += 1;
}
Ok(DrainLimit { rows, bytes })
}
fn data_type(&self) -> &DataType {
self.array.data_type()
}
}
async fn array_stream_batch_sizes(
pages: Vec<StaticArrayPageDecoder>,
batch_size: u32,
) -> Vec<usize> {
let num_rows = pages.iter().map(|page| page.num_rows()).sum::<u64>();
let fields = Fields::from(vec![ArrowField::new("value", DataType::Utf8, false)]);
let root_decoder = SimpleStructDecoder::new(fields, num_rows);
let (tx, rx) = unbounded_channel();
let pages = pages
.into_iter()
.map(|page| {
MessageType::DecoderReady(DecoderReady {
decoder: Box::new(page),
path: VecDeque::from([0]),
})
})
.collect();
tx.send(Ok(DecoderMessage {
scheduled_so_far: num_rows,
decoders: pages,
}))
.unwrap();
drop(tx);
let mut stream =
BatchDecodeStream::new(rx, batch_size, num_rows, root_decoder).into_stream();
let mut batch_sizes = Vec::new();
while let Some(task) = stream.next().await {
batch_sizes.push(task.task.await.unwrap().num_rows());
}
batch_sizes
}
#[tokio::test]
async fn test_array_stream_spans_i32_offset_pages_within_budget() {
// Small variable-width pages must NOT split the batch at page boundaries.
let batch_sizes = array_stream_batch_sizes(
vec![
StaticArrayPageDecoder::new(&["a", "b"]),
StaticArrayPageDecoder::new(&["c", "d"]),
],
4,
)
.await;
assert_eq!(batch_sizes, vec![4]);
}
#[tokio::test]
async fn test_array_stream_splits_when_i32_offset_budget_exhausted() {
// Three single-row pages pretending to hold 800MiB each: two fit the
// i32 offset budget (~2GiB), the third starts a new batch.
const FAKE_ROW_BYTES: u64 = 800 * 1024 * 1024;
let batch_sizes = array_stream_batch_sizes(
vec![
StaticArrayPageDecoder::with_fake_bytes_per_row(&["a"], FAKE_ROW_BYTES),
StaticArrayPageDecoder::with_fake_bytes_per_row(&["b"], FAKE_ROW_BYTES),
StaticArrayPageDecoder::with_fake_bytes_per_row(&["c"], FAKE_ROW_BYTES),
],
4,
)
.await;
assert_eq!(batch_sizes, vec![2, 1]);
}
#[tokio::test]
async fn test_array_stream_emits_over_budget_rows_alone() {
// Rows whose (possibly over-estimated) size exceeds the whole budget are
// emitted as single-row batches rather than failing the scan.
const FAKE_ROW_BYTES: u64 = 3 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024;
let batch_sizes = array_stream_batch_sizes(
vec![
StaticArrayPageDecoder::with_fake_bytes_per_row(&["a"], FAKE_ROW_BYTES),
StaticArrayPageDecoder::with_fake_bytes_per_row(&["b"], FAKE_ROW_BYTES),
],
4,
)
.await;
assert_eq!(batch_sizes, vec![1, 1]);
}
#[test]
fn requested_row_indices_convert_to_checked_ranges() {
let requested_rows = RequestedRows::Indices(vec![1, 2, 5, 8, 9]);
let ranges = requested_rows.into_ranges().unwrap();
assert_eq!(ranges, [1..3, 5..6, 8..10]);
let error = RequestedRows::Indices(vec![2, 2])
.into_ranges()
.unwrap_err();
assert!(matches!(error, Error::InvalidInput { .. }));
assert!(error.to_string().contains("not strictly increasing"));
let error = RequestedRows::Indices(vec![u64::MAX])
.into_ranges()
.unwrap_err();
assert!(matches!(error, Error::InvalidInput { .. }));
assert!(error.to_string().contains("u64::MAX"));
}
#[derive(Debug)]
struct FailingPageDecoder {
page_data_type: DataType,
total_rows: u64,
load_error_message: &'static str,
}
impl FailingPageDecoder {
fn new(
page_data_type: DataType,
total_rows: u64,
load_error_message: &'static str,
) -> Self {
Self {
page_data_type,
total_rows,
load_error_message,
}
}
}
impl LogicalPageDecoder for FailingPageDecoder {
fn wait_for_loaded(&'_ mut self, _rows_needed: u64) -> BoxFuture<'_, Result<()>> {
let load_error_message = self.load_error_message;
async move { Err(Error::io(load_error_message)) }.boxed()
}
fn rows_loaded(&self) -> u64 {
0
}
fn num_rows(&self) -> u64 {
self.total_rows
}
fn rows_drained(&self) -> u64 {
0
}
fn drain(&mut self, requested_rows: u64) -> Result<NextDecodeTask> {
Err(Error::internal(format!(
"failing page decoder should not be drained after load error \
(requested_rows={})",
requested_rows
)))
}
fn data_type(&self) -> &DataType {
&self.page_data_type
}
}
struct InvalidInputDecodeTask;
impl DecodeArrayTask for InvalidInputDecodeTask {
fn decode(self: Box<Self>) -> Result<(ArrayRef, u64)> {
Err(Error::invalid_input_source("malformed sparse page".into()))
}
}
#[test]
fn next_decode_task_preserves_invalid_input_errors() {
let err = NextDecodeTask {
task: Box::new(InvalidInputDecodeTask),
num_rows: 0,
}
.into_batch(Arc::new(Once::new()))
.unwrap_err();
assert!(matches!(err, Error::InvalidInput { .. }));
}
#[test]
fn test_read_zero_dimension_fsl_errors_instead_of_panicking() {
// Simulates reading a column whose stored schema declares a
// zero-dimension FixedSizeList, as old writers (before #5102) could
// persist. The read plan is built by the field-scheduler factories,
// which run the dimension guard before touching any column data, so
// an empty column iterator is sufficient to reach the guard. The read
// must surface a clean error rather than a divide-by-zero panic.
use arrow_schema::Field as ArrowField;
let zero_dim = DataType::FixedSizeList(
Arc::new(ArrowField::new("item", DataType::Float32, true)),
0,
);
let field = Field::try_from(&ArrowField::new("vec", zero_dim, true)).unwrap();
let strategy = CoreFieldDecoderStrategy::default();
let mut structural_columns = ColumnInfoIter::new(vec![], &[]);
let err = strategy
.create_structural_field_scheduler(&field, &mut structural_columns)
.unwrap_err();
assert!(
err.to_string()
.contains("dimension must be a positive integer"),
"unexpected error: {}",
err
);
let mut array_columns = ColumnInfoIter::new(vec![], &[]);
let err = strategy
.create_array_field_scheduler(
&field,
&mut array_columns,
FileBuffers {
positions_and_sizes: &[],
},
)
.unwrap_err();
assert!(
err.to_string()
.contains("dimension must be a positive integer"),
"unexpected error: {}",
err
);
}
#[test]
fn test_list_page_with_non_list_encoding_returns_error() {
let item = Arc::new(ArrowField::new("item", DataType::Int32, true));
let list = DataType::List(item);
let field = Field::try_from(&ArrowField::new("values", list, true)).unwrap();
let values_encoding = pb::ColumnEncoding {
column_encoding: Some(pb::column_encoding::ColumnEncoding::Values(())),
};
let offsets_column = Arc::new(ColumnInfo::new(
0,
Arc::new([PageInfo {
num_rows: 1,
priority: 0,
encoding: PageEncoding::Legacy(pb::ArrayEncoding {
array_encoding: Some(pb::array_encoding::ArrayEncoding::Flat(
pb::Flat::default(),
)),
}),
buffer_offsets_and_sizes: Arc::new([]),
}]),
vec![],
values_encoding.clone(),
));
let items_column = Arc::new(ColumnInfo::new(1, Arc::new([]), vec![], values_encoding));
let column_indices = [0, 1];
let mut columns = ColumnInfoIter::new(vec![offsets_column, items_column], &column_indices);
let err = CoreFieldDecoderStrategy::default()
.create_array_field_scheduler(
&field,
&mut columns,
FileBuffers {
positions_and_sizes: &[],
},
)
.unwrap_err();
assert!(matches!(err, Error::InvalidInput { .. }));
assert!(
err.to_string()
.contains("expected list encoding for field 'values' in column 0, page 0 but got"),
"unexpected error: {err}"
);
}
#[tokio::test]
async fn test_array_stream_stops_on_load_error() {
use arrow_schema::Field as ArrowField;
let rows_per_batch = 1;
let total_rows = 2;
let scheduled_rows = 1;
let page_rows = 1;
let batch_readahead = 2;
let load_error_message = "simulated page load failure";
let fields = Fields::from(vec![ArrowField::new("vector", DataType::Float32, true)]);
let root_decoder = SimpleStructDecoder::new(fields, total_rows);
let (tx, rx) = unbounded_channel();
tx.send(Ok(DecoderMessage {
scheduled_so_far: scheduled_rows,
decoders: vec![MessageType::DecoderReady(DecoderReady {
decoder: Box::new(FailingPageDecoder::new(
DataType::Float32,
page_rows,
load_error_message,
)),
path: VecDeque::from([0]),
})],
}))
.unwrap();
drop(tx);
let stream =
BatchDecodeStream::new(rx, rows_per_batch, total_rows, root_decoder).into_stream();
let mut batches = stream.map(|task| task.task).buffered(batch_readahead);
let err = batches
.next()
.await
.expect("stream should emit the array page-load error")
.unwrap_err();
assert!(
err.to_string().contains(load_error_message),
"unexpected error: {}",
err
);
assert!(
batches.next().await.is_none(),
"stream should stop after the array page-load error"
);
}
#[tokio::test]
async fn test_structural_stream_stops_on_load_error() {
let rows_per_batch = 1;
let total_rows = 2;
let scheduled_rows = 1;
let batch_readahead = 2;
let load_error_message = "simulated page load failure";
let fields = Fields::from(vec![ArrowField::new("vector", DataType::Float32, true)]);
let root_decoder = StructuralStructDecoder::new(
fields, false, /*is_root=*/ true, /*nullable=*/ false,
)
.unwrap();
let (tx, rx) = unbounded_channel();
let failed_page = async move { Err(Error::io(load_error_message)) }.boxed();
tx.send(Ok(DecoderMessage {
scheduled_so_far: scheduled_rows,
decoders: vec![MessageType::UnloadedPage(UnloadedPageShard(failed_page))],
}))
.unwrap();
drop(tx);
let stream = StructuralBatchDecodeStream::new(
rx,
rows_per_batch,
total_rows,
root_decoder,
/*spawn_batch_decode_tasks=*/ true,
None,
)
.into_stream();
let mut batches = stream.map(|task| task.task).buffered(batch_readahead);
let err = batches
.next()
.await
.expect("stream should emit the page-load error")
.unwrap_err();
assert!(
err.to_string().contains(load_error_message),
"unexpected error: {}",
err
);
assert!(
batches.next().await.is_none(),
"stream should stop after the page-load error"
);
}
#[test]
fn test_coalesce_indices_to_ranges_with_single_index() {
let indices = vec![1];
let ranges = RequestedRows::indices_to_ranges(&indices).unwrap();
assert_eq!(ranges, vec![1..2]);
}
#[test]
fn test_coalesce_indices_to_ranges() {
let indices = vec![1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9];
let ranges = RequestedRows::indices_to_ranges(&indices).unwrap();
assert_eq!(ranges, vec![1..10]);
}
#[test]
fn test_coalesce_indices_to_ranges_with_gaps() {
let indices = vec![1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9];
let ranges = RequestedRows::indices_to_ranges(&indices).unwrap();
assert_eq!(ranges, vec![1..4, 5..8, 9..10]);
}
#[test]
fn test_estimate_bytes_per_row() {
assert_eq!(estimate_bytes_per_row(&DataType::Int32), 4.0);
assert_eq!(estimate_bytes_per_row(&DataType::Int64), 8.0);
assert_eq!(estimate_bytes_per_row(&DataType::Float32), 4.0);
assert_eq!(estimate_bytes_per_row(&DataType::Boolean), 1.0 / 8.0);
assert_eq!(estimate_bytes_per_row(&DataType::Utf8), 64.0);
assert_eq!(estimate_bytes_per_row(&DataType::Binary), 64.0);
// Struct of 4 x Int32 = 16 bytes
let struct_type = DataType::Struct(Fields::from(vec![
ArrowField::new("a", DataType::Int32, false),
ArrowField::new("b", DataType::Int32, false),
ArrowField::new("c", DataType::Int32, false),
ArrowField::new("d", DataType::Int32, false),
]));
assert_eq!(estimate_bytes_per_row(&struct_type), 16.0);
}
/// Helper: encode a batch, then decode it as a stream with optional
/// `batch_size_bytes`, collecting all output batches.
async fn decode_batches_with_byte_limit(
batch: &RecordBatch,
batch_size: u32,
batch_size_bytes: Option<u64>,
) -> Vec<RecordBatch> {
use crate::{
encoder::{EncodingOptions, encode_batch},
testing::{TestEncoding, test_encoding_strategy},
};
let version = TestEncoding::StructuralU16;
let options = EncodingOptions::default();
let strategy = test_encoding_strategy(version);
let schema = Schema::try_from(batch.schema().as_ref()).unwrap();
let encoded = encode_batch(batch, Arc::new(schema.clone()), strategy.as_ref(), &options)
.await
.unwrap();
let io_scheduler =
Arc::new(BufferScheduler::new(encoded.data.clone())) as Arc<dyn EncodingsIo>;
let cache = Arc::new(lance_core::cache::LanceCache::with_capacity(
128 * 1024 * 1024,
));
let decoder_plugins = Arc::new(DecoderPlugins::default());
let mut decode_scheduler = DecodeBatchScheduler::try_new(
encoded.schema.as_ref(),
&encoded.top_level_columns,
&encoded.page_table,
&vec![],
encoded.num_rows,
decoder_plugins,
io_scheduler.clone(),
cache,
&FilterExpression::no_filter(),
&DecoderConfig::default(),
)
.await
.unwrap();
let (tx, rx) = unbounded_channel();
decode_scheduler.schedule_range(
0..encoded.num_rows,
&FilterExpression::no_filter(),
tx,
io_scheduler,
);
let mut decode_stream = create_decode_stream(
&encoded.schema,
encoded.num_rows,
batch_size,
/*is_structural=*/ true,
/*should_validate=*/ true,
/*spawn_structural_batch_decode_tasks=*/ true,
rx,
batch_size_bytes,
)
.unwrap();
let mut batches = Vec::new();
while let Some(task) = decode_stream.next().await {
batches.push(task.task.await.unwrap());
}
batches
}
#[tokio::test]
async fn test_byte_sized_batches_fixed_width() {
use arrow_array::Int32Array;
// 1000 rows x 4 Int32 columns = 16 bytes/row
let num_rows: i32 = 1000;
let arrays: Vec<Arc<dyn arrow_array::Array>> = (0..4)
.map(|col| {
Arc::new(Int32Array::from_iter_values(
(0..num_rows).map(move |row| row * 10 + col),
)) as _
})
.collect();
let schema = Arc::new(ArrowSchema::new(vec![
ArrowField::new("a", DataType::Int32, false),
ArrowField::new("b", DataType::Int32, false),
ArrowField::new("c", DataType::Int32, false),
ArrowField::new("d", DataType::Int32, false),
]));
let input_batch = RecordBatch::try_new(schema, arrays).unwrap();
// 16 bytes/row, batch_size_bytes=1600 => 100 rows/batch
let batches =
decode_batches_with_byte_limit(&input_batch, /*batch_size=*/ 1024, Some(1600)).await;
// Should produce 10 batches of 100 rows each
assert_eq!(batches.len(), 10);
for (i, batch) in batches.iter().enumerate() {
assert_eq!(
batch.num_rows(),
100,
"batch {i} should have 100 rows, got {}",
batch.num_rows()
);
}
// Verify roundtrip: concatenate and compare
let all_batches: Vec<&RecordBatch> = batches.iter().collect();
let concatenated =
arrow_select::concat::concat_batches(&batches[0].schema(), all_batches.iter().copied())
.unwrap();
assert_eq!(concatenated.num_rows(), num_rows as usize);
for col in 0..4 {
assert_eq!(
concatenated.column(col).as_ref(),
input_batch.column(col).as_ref(),
"column {col} roundtrip mismatch"
);
}
}
#[tokio::test]
async fn test_byte_sized_batches_none_unchanged() {
use arrow_array::Int32Array;
// Without batch_size_bytes, rows_per_batch controls batching
let num_rows: i32 = 1000;
let arrays: Vec<Arc<dyn arrow_array::Array>> = (0..2)
.map(|col| {
Arc::new(Int32Array::from_iter_values(
(0..num_rows).map(move |row| row * 10 + col),
)) as _
})
.collect();
let schema = Arc::new(ArrowSchema::new(vec![
ArrowField::new("x", DataType::Int32, false),
ArrowField::new("y", DataType::Int32, false),
]));
let input_batch = RecordBatch::try_new(schema, arrays).unwrap();
// batch_size=250, batch_size_bytes=None => 4 batches of 250 rows
let batches = decode_batches_with_byte_limit(&input_batch, /*batch_size=*/ 250, None).await;
assert_eq!(batches.len(), 4);
for (i, batch) in batches.iter().enumerate() {
assert_eq!(
batch.num_rows(),
250,
"batch {i} should have 250 rows, got {}",
batch.num_rows()
);
}
}
#[tokio::test]
async fn test_byte_sized_batches_respect_row_limit() {
use arrow_array::Int32Array;
let num_rows: i32 = 1000;
let schema = Arc::new(ArrowSchema::new(vec![ArrowField::new(
"x",
DataType::Int32,
false,
)]));
let input_batch = RecordBatch::try_new(
schema,
vec![Arc::new(Int32Array::from_iter_values(0..num_rows))],
)
.unwrap();
// The byte limit can hold every row, so the 100-row limit must win.
let batches =
decode_batches_with_byte_limit(&input_batch, /*batch_size=*/ 100, Some(10_000)).await;
assert_eq!(batches.len(), 10);
assert!(batches.iter().all(|batch| batch.num_rows() == 100));
}
#[tokio::test]
async fn test_byte_sized_batches_feedback_convergence() {
use arrow_array::StringArray;
// Each row has a 100-byte string. Schema estimate = 64 bytes (default
// for Utf8), so the first batch will overshoot. The feedback loop
// should correct subsequent batches toward the target.
let num_rows = 500;
let value: String = "x".repeat(100);
let arrays: Vec<Arc<dyn arrow_array::Array>> = vec![Arc::new(StringArray::from(
(0..num_rows).map(|_| value.as_str()).collect::<Vec<_>>(),
))];
let schema = Arc::new(ArrowSchema::new(vec![ArrowField::new(
"s",
DataType::Utf8,
false,
)]));
let input_batch = RecordBatch::try_new(schema, arrays).unwrap();
// Target 5000 bytes/batch. At 100 bytes/row the ideal is 50 rows/batch.
// Schema estimate is 64 bytes/row → first batch ~78 rows (overshoot).
// After feedback kicks in, batches should converge to ~50 rows.
let target_bytes: u64 = 5000;
let batches = decode_batches_with_byte_limit(
&input_batch,
/*batch_size=*/ 1024,
Some(target_bytes),
)
.await;
// Verify all data round-trips correctly
let all_batches: Vec<&RecordBatch> = batches.iter().collect();
let concatenated =
arrow_select::concat::concat_batches(&batches[0].schema(), all_batches.iter().copied())
.unwrap();
assert_eq!(concatenated.num_rows(), num_rows as usize);
assert_eq!(
concatenated.column(0).as_ref(),
input_batch.column(0).as_ref()
);
// After the first batch, subsequent batches should be closer to the
// target. The ideal is 50 rows/batch.
assert!(
batches.len() >= 2,
"need at least 2 batches to test convergence"
);
// The first batch uses the schema estimate (64 bytes/row) →
// ~78 rows. After feedback the rows should settle near 50.
if batches.len() >= 3 {
let second_batch_rows = batches[1].num_rows();
let third_batch_rows = batches[2].num_rows();
// Both should be within 20% of the ideal (50 rows)
assert!(
(40..=60).contains(&second_batch_rows),
"second batch should be near 50 rows, got {second_batch_rows}"
);
assert!(
(40..=60).contains(&third_batch_rows),
"third batch should be near 50 rows, got {third_batch_rows}"
);
}
}
}