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lancedb/docs/web/integrations/reranking/colbert.mdx
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Jack Ye b21fb2a4dc docs: bring the open-source documentation into this repository
The pages describing this code lived in lancedb/docs, a repository with ten
stars that neither contributing guide mentioned. A user who hit a wrong page
while reading the source had to find a separate, near-invisible repository to
fix it. These 102 pages now sit beside the code, and a documentation fix is a
pull request in the repository the reader already had open.

`docs/web` is a complete Mintlify site: `cd docs/web && mint dev` serves it with
no other checkout. Enterprise pages stay private and are merged in when the
published site is assembled, so links into them do not resolve here — every
open-source page does.

`docs/web-tests` holds the tests the code examples are extracted from. They ran
against a published wheel before; here they can run against this repository's
own SDK, so an example that stops compiling fails the pull request that broke
it rather than being noticed later.

Both directories sit beside `docs/src` and are invisible to it: mkdocs reads
`docs_dir: src`, so the SDK reference builds and deploys exactly as before.
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---
title: ColBERT Reranker
sidebarTitle: "ColBERT"
description: Enhance search results with ColBERT's contextual reranking in LanceDB. Features efficient model deployment, device optimization, and flexible scoring options for vector, FTS, and hybrid search.
---
import { PyRerankingColbertUsage } from '/snippets/integrations.mdx';
# ColBERT Reranker
This reranker uses ColBERT model to rerank the search results. You can use this reranker by passing `ColbertReranker()` to the `rerank()` method.
> **Note:** Supported query types – Hybrid, Vector, and FTS.
<CodeGroup>
<CodeBlock filename="Python" language="Python" icon="python">
{PyRerankingColbertUsage}
</CodeBlock>
</CodeGroup>
## Accepted Arguments {#accepted-arguments}
| Argument | Type | Default | Description |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| `model_name` | `str` | `"colbert-ir/colbertv2.0"` | The name of the reranker model to use.|
| `column` | `str` | `"text"` | The name of the column to use as input to the cross encoder model. |
| `device` | `str` | `None` | The device to use for the cross encoder model. If None, will use "cuda" if available, otherwise "cpu". |
| `return_score` | `str` | `"relevance"` | Options are "relevance" or "all". The type of score to return. If "relevance", will return only the `_relevance_score. If "all" is supported, will return relevance score along with the vector and/or fts scores depending on query type. |
## Supported Scores for each query type {#supported-scores-for-each-query-type}
You can specify the type of scores you want the reranker to return. The following are the supported scores for each query type:
### Hybrid Search {#hybrid-search}
|`return_score`| Status | Description |
| --- | --- | --- |
| `relevance` | ✅ Supported | Results only have the `_relevance_score` column. |
| `all` | ❌ Not Supported | Results have vector(`_distance`) and FTS(`score`) along with Hybrid Search score(`_relevance_score`). |
### Vector Search {#vector-search}
|`return_score`| Status | Description |
| --- | --- | --- |
| `relevance` | ✅ Supported | Results only have the `_relevance_score` column. |
| `all` | ✅ Supported | Results have vector(`_distance`) along with Hybrid Search score(`_relevance_score`). |
### FTS Search {#fts-search}
|`return_score`| Status | Description |
| --- | --- | --- |
| `relevance` | ✅ Supported | Results only have the `_relevance_score` column. |
| `all` | ✅ Supported | Results have FTS(`score`) along with Hybrid Search score(`_relevance_score`). |