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lancedb/python/Cargo.toml
Shengan Zhang 64aeee84a8 feat(python): support bytes in lit() expressions (#3387)
Closes #3261.

## Summary

Adds `bytes` to the accepted types of `lancedb.expr.lit()` so that
binary scalars can be used in filter / projection expressions. The
previous attempt in #3235 had to be reverted because DataFusion's SQL
unparser does not support `Binary` / `LargeBinary` scalars, so any
expression containing such a literal would fail in both `to_sql()` and
`__repr__`.

## How

`expr_to_sql_string` now has two paths:

- **Fast path** (no binary literals): delegate to DataFusion's unparser
unchanged.
- **Slow path**: rewrite each `Binary(Some(bytes))` literal in the tree
to a unique string-literal placeholder, run the unparser, then
substitute `'<placeholder>'` with `X'<HEX>'` in the resulting SQL.
`Binary(None)` / `LargeBinary(None)` are rewritten to
`ScalarValue::Null` so the unparser emits plain `NULL`.

This keeps DataFusion as the single source of truth for operator and
function serialization, so binary literals work in every expression node
type the unparser already supports — including nested cases like
`contains(col("data"), lit(b"\xff"))`, `NOT (col == lit(b"..."))`, and
`col.cast(...) == lit(b"...")`.

## Changes

- `rust/lancedb/src/expr/sql.rs`: placeholder-substitution
implementation.
- `rust/lancedb/src/expr.rs`: 4 new unit tests covering binary literals
in equality, compound predicates, scalar function calls, negation, and
`NULL` binary literals.
- `python/src/expr.rs`: `expr_lit` accepts `PyBytes` and produces
`ScalarValue::Binary`.
- `python/Cargo.toml` + `Cargo.lock`: pull in `datafusion-common` for
`ScalarValue`.
- `python/python/lancedb/expr.py`: extend `ExprLike` and `lit()` type
annotations / docstrings with `bytes`.
- `python/python/lancedb/_lancedb.pyi`: update `expr_lit` stub.
- `python/tests/test_expr.py`: unit tests for `to_sql` / `repr` of
binary literals and an integration test against a real `pa.binary()`
column for equality / inequality / compound filters.

## Example

```python
from lancedb.expr import col, lit, func

# Equality against a binary column
col("payload") == lit(b"\xca\xfe")
# Expr((payload = X'CAFE'))

# Nested inside a function call (previously failed)
func("contains", col("data"), lit(b"\xff"))
# Expr(contains(data, X'FF'))

# repr() no longer crashes
repr(lit(b"\xde\xad\xbe\xef"))
# "Expr(X'DEADBEEF')"
```

## Verification

- [x] `cargo test -p lancedb --lib expr::` — 12/12 pass (was 9; +3 new
tests)
- [x] `cargo check --features remote --tests --examples` — clean
- [x] `cargo clippy --features remote --tests --examples` — no warnings
- [x] `cargo fmt --all -- --check` — clean
- [x] `pytest python/tests/test_expr.py` — 76/76 pass (was 74; +2 new
tests)
- [x] `ruff check python` / `ruff format --check python` — clean

## Follow-ups (not in this PR)

Issue #3261 also raises the possibility of a *truncated* `__repr__` for
very large binary literals. This PR keeps `__repr__` exact (it forwards
to `to_sql()`), since truncating display output would diverge from the
SQL that actually gets executed. A display-only truncation could be
added in a follow-up by giving `__repr__` its own renderer.

Made with [Cursor](https://cursor.com)

Co-authored-by: Cursor <cursoragent@cursor.com>
2026-05-14 15:24:52 -07:00

52 lines
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TOML

[package]
name = "lancedb-python"
version = "0.31.0-beta.11"
publish = false
edition.workspace = true
description = "Python bindings for LanceDB"
license.workspace = true
repository.workspace = true
keywords.workspace = true
categories.workspace = true
rust-version = "1.91.0"
[lib]
name = "_lancedb"
crate-type = ["cdylib"]
[dependencies]
arrow = { version = "58.0.0", features = ["pyarrow"] }
async-trait = "0.1"
bytes = "1"
lancedb = { path = "../rust/lancedb", default-features = false }
datafusion-common.workspace = true
lance-core.workspace = true
lance-namespace.workspace = true
lance-namespace-impls.workspace = true
lance-io.workspace = true
env_logger.workspace = true
log.workspace = true
pyo3 = { version = "0.28", features = ["extension-module", "abi3-py39"] }
pyo3-async-runtimes = { version = "0.28", features = [
"attributes",
"tokio-runtime",
] }
pin-project = "1.1.5"
futures.workspace = true
serde = "1"
serde_json = "1"
snafu.workspace = true
tokio = { version = "1.40", features = ["sync", "rt-multi-thread"] }
libc = "0.2"
[build-dependencies]
pyo3-build-config = { version = "0.28", features = [
"extension-module",
"abi3-py39",
] }
[features]
default = ["remote", "lancedb/aws", "lancedb/gcs", "lancedb/azure", "lancedb/dynamodb", "lancedb/oss", "lancedb/huggingface"]
fp16kernels = ["lancedb/fp16kernels"]
remote = ["lancedb/remote"]