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## Summary Adds `Table::set_unenforced_primary_key` — records a single column as the table's unenforced primary key in Lance schema field metadata. "Unenforced" means LanceDB does not check uniqueness on write; the key is metadata that `merge_insert` consumes. - Single-column only; the column must exist and have a supported dtype (Int32, Int64, Utf8, LargeUtf8, Binary, LargeBinary, FixedSizeBinary). The API accepts an iterable for binding ergonomics but requires exactly one column — compound keys are rejected. - The primary key is immutable: calling this on a table that already has an unenforced primary key is rejected. Concurrent writers racing to set the key fail at commit time rather than silently overriding it. - `RemoteTable` returns `NotSupported`. - Bindings: Python (`AsyncTable`, `LanceTable`, `RemoteTable`) and TypeScript (`Table.setUnenforcedPrimaryKey`). ## Context Split out from #3354 per review feedback, so the unenforced primary key and the `merge_insert` sharding spec land as separate reviewable PRs. No Lance dependency bump — `main` is already on v7.0.0-beta.10, which includes the field-metadata round-trip fix the API relies on. Enforcing primary-key immutability at the Lance commit layer (so the cross-column concurrent race is also rejected) is a companion Lance change: lance-format/lance#6810.
LanceDB Python SDK
A Python library for LanceDB.
Installation
pip install lancedb
Preview Releases
Stable releases are created about every 2 weeks. For the latest features and bug fixes, you can install the preview release. These releases receive the same level of testing as stable releases, but are not guaranteed to be available for more than 6 months after they are released. Once your application is stable, we recommend switching to stable releases.
pip install --pre --extra-index-url https://pypi.fury.io/lancedb/ lancedb
Usage
Basic Example
import lancedb
db = lancedb.connect('<PATH_TO_LANCEDB_DATASET>')
table = db.open_table('my_table')
results = table.search([0.1, 0.3]).limit(20).to_list()
print(results)
Development
See CONTRIBUTING.md for information on how to contribute to LanceDB.