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Jack Ye
19f8f396ec
Ten merges and renames, all in one direction: fewer pages, each covering a whole subject. Table absorbs schema evolution and versioning. Vector search absorbs multi-vector. Explain absorbs explain analyze. Reranking was seven pages -- an overview and six rerankers of a few dozen lines each -- and is now one. The vector index page absorbs quantization, which was only ever a parameter of it. Indexing moves to Manage, where the other catalog objects are. The operational half stays in Operate as one Indexing page, absorbing GPU indexing -- which was filed in sophon despite importing lancedb's snippets and being mostly open-source content with one Enterprise-badged section. Performance was a single page aggregating tips for four unrelated operations, which is hard to keep current. Each section now sits with the operation it is about: ingestion tips on Insert, index tips on Indexing, compaction tips on Compaction, query tips on Search. Data Types leaves Concepts. The type reference belongs in the SQL reference, which already described the same types from the query side; Table now carries a short summary that points there. The multimodal material it had absorbed is its own page again, since storing blobs is a task rather than a type definition. Query becomes Semantic Search, Branches becomes Branch, and the Enterprise Security page becomes Compliance. Redirects cover every moved URL, and 30 files were repointed at the merged anchors.
82 lines
2.5 KiB
Plaintext
82 lines
2.5 KiB
Plaintext
---
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title: "DML"
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sidebarTitle: "DML"
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description: "INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE and COPY — changing the rows a table holds."
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icon: pen-to-square
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keywords: ["insert", "update", "delete", "copy", "dml"]
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---
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<Badge color="red">Enterprise</Badge> [SQL runs on a deployment.](/sql)
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Statements that change rows. For the shape of the table, see [DDL](/sql/ddl).
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Each of these commits a new table version, so
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[versioning](/management/table#versioning) and the
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[write guarantees](/basics/guarantees#writes) apply -- including that the
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version advances even when a statement affects zero rows.
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## INSERT {#insert}
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```sql
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INSERT INTO documents (id, title) VALUES (1, 'Merlin'), (2, 'Arthur')
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INSERT INTO archive SELECT * FROM documents WHERE created_at < '2026-01-01'
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```
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`INSERT ... SELECT` is the form worth knowing: it moves rows between tables
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server-side, without a round trip through your process.
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## UPDATE {#update}
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```sql
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UPDATE documents SET title = upper(title) WHERE category = 'film'
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```
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Assignments take any expression the [dialect](/sql/functions) supports,
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including references to other columns of the same row. Without a `WHERE` clause
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every row is updated.
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<Warning>
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An update does not recompute [computed columns](/feature-engineering/add-computed-column)
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that derive from the column you changed. A filled value keeps what it was
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computed from -- see [Guarantees](/basics/guarantees#jobs).
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</Warning>
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## DELETE {#delete}
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```sql
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DELETE FROM documents WHERE created_at < '2025-01-01'
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```
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Deletion marks rows rather than erasing them, so the data remains recoverable
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for as long as the version holding it survives
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[retention](/maintenance/compaction).
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## COPY {#copy}
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```sql
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COPY (SELECT id, title FROM documents) TO 's3://bucket/export/' STORED AS PARQUET
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```
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Writes a query result to object storage. This is the export path when the
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consumer is another engine rather than an application -- results land as files
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rather than streaming to a client.
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## Merge insert {#merge-insert}
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Upsert -- matching incoming rows against existing keys -- has no SQL form. It is
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an SDK operation, because it needs a source relation and a per-match policy that
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a single statement cannot express. See
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[Merge insert](/ingestion/merge-insert).
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## See also {#see-also}
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<CardGroup cols={2}>
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<Card title="Ingestion" icon="inbox" href="/ingestion">
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The same operations from the SDKs.
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</Card>
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<Card title="DDL" icon="pen-ruler" href="/sql/ddl">
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Changing structure rather than rows.
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</Card>
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</CardGroup>
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