Merge pull request #413 from amousset/refactor-net

Refactor smtp client

Cargo.toml

@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ serde = { version = "1", optional = true, features = ["derive"] }
 serde_json = { version = "1", optional = true }
 textnonce = { version = "0.7", optional = true }
 webpki = { version = "0.21", optional = true }
+webpki-roots = { version = "0.19", optional = true }
 
 [dev-dependencies]
 criterion = "0.3"
@@ -50,10 +51,9 @@ name = "transport_smtp"
 
 [features]
 builder = ["mime", "base64", "hyperx", "textnonce", "quoted_printable"]
-connection-pool = ["r2d2"]
+default = ["file-transport", "smtp-transport", "hostname", "sendmail-transport", "rustls-tls", "builder", "r2d2"]
-default = ["file-transport", "smtp-transport", "hostname", "sendmail-transport", "native-tls", "builder"]
 file-transport = ["serde", "serde_json"]
-rustls-tls = ["webpki", "rustls"]
+rustls-tls = ["webpki", "webpki-roots", "rustls"]
 sendmail-transport = []
 smtp-transport = ["bufstream", "base64", "nom"]
 unstable = []

benches/transport_smtp.rs

@@ -1,12 +1,8 @@
 use criterion::{black_box, criterion_group, criterion_main, Criterion};
-use lettre::{
+use lettre::{Message, SmtpTransport, Transport};
-    transport::smtp::ConnectionReuseParameters, ClientSecurity, Message, SmtpClient, Transport,
-};
 
 fn bench_simple_send(c: &mut Criterion) {
-    let mut sender = SmtpClient::new("127.0.0.1:2525", ClientSecurity::None)
+    let sender = SmtpTransport::new("127.0.0.1").port(2525);
-        .unwrap()
-        .transport();
 
     c.bench_function("send email", move |b| {
         b.iter(|| {
@@ -24,10 +20,7 @@ fn bench_simple_send(c: &mut Criterion) {
 }
 
 fn bench_reuse_send(c: &mut Criterion) {
-    let mut sender = SmtpClient::new("127.0.0.1:2525", ClientSecurity::None)
+    let sender = SmtpTransport::new("127.0.0.1").port(2525);
-        .unwrap()
-        .connection_reuse(ConnectionReuseParameters::ReuseUnlimited)
-        .transport();
     c.bench_function("send email with connection reuse", move |b| {
         b.iter(|| {
             let email = Message::builder()

examples/smtp.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 extern crate env_logger;
 extern crate lettre;
 
-use lettre::{Message, SmtpClient, Transport};
+use lettre::{Message, SmtpTransport, Transport};
 
 fn main() {
     env_logger::init();
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ fn main() {
         .unwrap();
 
     // Open a local connection on port 25
-    let mut mailer = SmtpClient::new_unencrypted_localhost().unwrap().transport();
+    let mailer = SmtpTransport::unencrypted_localhost();
     // Send the email
     let result = mailer.send(&email);
 

examples/smtp_gmail.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 extern crate lettre;
 
-use lettre::{transport::smtp::authentication::Credentials, Message, SmtpClient, Transport};
+use lettre::{transport::smtp::authentication::Credentials, Message, SmtpTransport, Transport};
 
 fn main() {
     let email = Message::builder()
@@ -17,10 +17,9 @@ fn main() {
     );
 
     // Open a remote connection to gmail
-    let mut mailer = SmtpClient::new_simple("smtp.gmail.com")
+    let mailer = SmtpTransport::relay("smtp.gmail.com")
         .unwrap()
-        .credentials(creds)
+        .credentials(creds);
-        .transport();
 
     // Send the email
     let result = mailer.send(&email);

src/address.rs

@@ -270,7 +270,6 @@ pub mod serde {
                     }
                     let user: &str = user.ok_or_else(|| DeError::missing_field("user"))?;
                     let domain: &str = domain.ok_or_else(|| DeError::missing_field("domain"))?;
-                    // FIXME avoid unwrap here
                     Ok(Address::new(user, domain).unwrap())
                 }
             }
@@ -279,5 +278,3 @@ pub mod serde {
         }
     }
 }
-
-// FIXME test serializer deserializer

src/lib.rs

@@ -31,11 +31,11 @@ pub use crate::transport::file::FileTransport;
 #[cfg(feature = "sendmail-transport")]
 pub use crate::transport::sendmail::SendmailTransport;
 #[cfg(feature = "smtp-transport")]
-pub use crate::transport::smtp::client::net::ClientTlsParameters;
+pub use crate::transport::smtp::client::net::TlsParameters;
 #[cfg(all(feature = "smtp-transport", feature = "connection-pool"))]
 pub use crate::transport::smtp::r2d2::SmtpConnectionManager;
 #[cfg(feature = "smtp-transport")]
-pub use crate::transport::smtp::{ClientSecurity, SmtpClient, SmtpTransport};
+pub use crate::transport::smtp::{SmtpTransport, Tls};
 #[cfg(feature = "builder")]
 use std::convert::TryFrom;
 
@@ -115,14 +115,12 @@ pub trait Transport<'a> {
     type Result;
 
     /// Sends the email
-    /// FIXME not mut
+    fn send(&self, message: &Message) -> Self::Result {
-
-    fn send(&mut self, message: &Message) -> Self::Result {
         let raw = message.formatted();
         self.send_raw(message.envelope(), &raw)
     }
 
-    fn send_raw(&mut self, envelope: &Envelope, email: &[u8]) -> Self::Result;
+    fn send_raw(&self, envelope: &Envelope, email: &[u8]) -> Self::Result;
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]

src/transport/file/mod.rs

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ struct SerializableEmail<'a> {
 impl<'a> Transport<'a> for FileTransport {
     type Result = FileResult;
 
-    fn send_raw(&mut self, envelope: &Envelope, email: &[u8]) -> Self::Result {
+    fn send_raw(&self, envelope: &Envelope, email: &[u8]) -> Self::Result {
         let email_id = Uuid::new_v4();
 
         let mut file = self.path.clone();

src/transport/sendmail/mod.rs

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ impl SendmailTransport {
 impl<'a> Transport<'a> for SendmailTransport {
     type Result = SendmailResult;
 
-    fn send_raw(&mut self, envelope: &Envelope, email: &[u8]) -> Self::Result {
+    fn send_raw(&self, envelope: &Envelope, email: &[u8]) -> Self::Result {
         let email_id = Uuid::new_v4();
 
         // Spawn the sendmail command

src/transport/smtp/authentication.rs

@@ -3,13 +3,9 @@
 use crate::transport::smtp::error::Error;
 use std::fmt::{self, Display, Formatter};
 
-/// Accepted authentication mechanisms on an encrypted connection
+/// Accepted authentication mechanisms
 /// Trying LOGIN last as it is deprecated.
-pub const DEFAULT_ENCRYPTED_MECHANISMS: &[Mechanism] = &[Mechanism::Plain, Mechanism::Login];
+pub const DEFAULT_MECHANISMS: &[Mechanism] = &[Mechanism::Plain, Mechanism::Login];
-
-/// Accepted authentication mechanisms on an unencrypted connection
-// FIXME remove
-pub const DEFAULT_UNENCRYPTED_MECHANISMS: &[Mechanism] = &[];
 
 /// Convertible to user credentials
 pub trait IntoCredentials {

src/transport/smtp/client/mod.rs

@@ -2,18 +2,20 @@
 
 use crate::transport::smtp::{
     authentication::{Credentials, Mechanism},
-    client::net::{ClientTlsParameters, Connector, NetworkStream, Timeout},
+    client::net::{NetworkStream, TlsParameters},
     commands::*,
     error::{Error, SmtpResult},
+    extension::{ClientId, Extension, MailBodyParameter, MailParameter, ServerInfo},
     response::Response,
 };
+use crate::Envelope;
 use bufstream::BufStream;
 use log::debug;
 #[cfg(feature = "serde")]
 use std::fmt::Debug;
 use std::{
     fmt::Display,
-    io::{self, BufRead, Read, Write},
+    io::{self, BufRead, Write},
     net::ToSocketAddrs,
     string::String,
     time::Duration,
@@ -77,12 +79,27 @@ fn escape_crlf(string: &str) -> String {
     string.replace("\r\n", "<CRLF>")
 }
 
+macro_rules! try_smtp (
+    ($err: expr, $client: ident) => ({
+        match $err {
+            Ok(val) => val,
+            Err(err) => {
+                $client.abort();
+                return Err(From::from(err))
+            },
+        }
+    })
+);
+
 /// Structure that implements the SMTP client
-#[derive(Default)]
+pub struct SmtpConnection {
-pub struct InnerClient<S: Write + Read = NetworkStream> {
     /// TCP stream between client and server
     /// Value is None before connection
-    stream: Option<BufStream<S>>,
+    stream: BufStream<NetworkStream>,
+    /// Panic state
+    panic: bool,
+    /// Information about the server
+    server_info: ServerInfo,
 }
 
 macro_rules! return_err (
@@ -91,102 +108,176 @@ macro_rules! return_err (
     })
 );
 
-impl<S: Write + Read> InnerClient<S> {
+impl SmtpConnection {
-    /// Creates a new SMTP client
+    pub fn server_info(&self) -> &ServerInfo {
-    ///
+        &self.server_info
-    /// It does not connects to the server, but only creates the `Client`
-    pub fn new() -> InnerClient<S> {
-        InnerClient { stream: None }
-    }
-}
-
-impl<S: Connector + Write + Read + Timeout> InnerClient<S> {
-    /// Closes the SMTP transaction if possible
-    pub fn close(&mut self) {
-        let _ = self.command(QuitCommand);
-        self.stream = None;
-    }
-
-    /// Sets the underlying stream
-    pub fn set_stream(&mut self, stream: S) {
-        self.stream = Some(BufStream::new(stream));
-    }
-
-    /// Upgrades the underlying connection to SSL/TLS
-    #[cfg(any(feature = "native-tls", feature = "rustls"))]
-    pub fn upgrade_tls_stream(
-        &mut self,
-        tls_parameters: &ClientTlsParameters,
-    ) -> Result<(), Error> {
-        match self.stream {
-            Some(ref mut stream) => stream.get_mut().upgrade_tls(tls_parameters),
-            None => Ok(()),
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Tells if the underlying stream is currently encrypted
-    pub fn is_encrypted(&self) -> bool {
-        self.stream
-            .as_ref()
-            .map(|s| s.get_ref().is_encrypted())
-            .unwrap_or(false)
-    }
-
-    /// Set timeout
-    pub fn set_timeout(&mut self, duration: Option<Duration>) -> io::Result<()> {
-        if let Some(ref mut stream) = self.stream {
-            stream.get_mut().set_read_timeout(duration)?;
-            stream.get_mut().set_write_timeout(duration)?;
-        }
-        Ok(())
     }
 
     /// Connects to the configured server
+    ///
+    /// Sends EHLO and parses server information
     pub fn connect<A: ToSocketAddrs>(
-        &mut self,
+        server: A,
-        addr: &A,
         timeout: Option<Duration>,
-        tls_parameters: Option<&ClientTlsParameters>,
+        hello_name: &ClientId,
-    ) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        tls_parameters: Option<&TlsParameters>,
-        // Connect should not be called when the client is already connected
+    ) -> Result<SmtpConnection, Error> {
-        if self.stream.is_some() {
+        let mut addresses = server.to_socket_addrs()?;
-            return_err!("The connection is already established", self);
-        }
-
-        let mut addresses = addr.to_socket_addrs()?;
 
+        // FIXME try all
         let server_addr = match addresses.next() {
             Some(addr) => addr,
             None => return_err!("Could not resolve hostname", self),
         };
-
         debug!("connecting to {}", server_addr);
 
-        // Try to connect
+        let stream = BufStream::new(NetworkStream::connect(
-        self.set_stream(Connector::connect(&server_addr, timeout, tls_parameters)?);
+            &server_addr,
+            timeout,
+            tls_parameters,
+        )?);
+        let mut conn = SmtpConnection {
+            stream,
+            panic: false,
+            server_info: ServerInfo::default(),
+        };
+        conn.set_timeout(timeout)?;
+        // TODO log
+        let _response = conn.read_response()?;
 
+        conn.ehlo(hello_name)?;
+
+        // Print server information
+        debug!("server {}", conn.server_info);
+        Ok(conn)
+    }
+
+    pub fn send(&mut self, envelope: &Envelope, email: &[u8]) -> SmtpResult {
+        // Mail
+        let mut mail_options = vec![];
+
+        if self.server_info().supports_feature(Extension::EightBitMime) {
+            mail_options.push(MailParameter::Body(MailBodyParameter::EightBitMime));
+        }
+        try_smtp!(
+            self.command(Mail::new(envelope.from().cloned(), mail_options,)),
+            self
+        );
+
+        // Recipient
+        for to_address in envelope.to() {
+            try_smtp!(self.command(Rcpt::new(to_address.clone(), vec![])), self);
+        }
+
+        // Data
+        try_smtp!(self.command(Data), self);
+
+        // Message content
+        let result = try_smtp!(self.message(email), self);
+        Ok(result)
+    }
+
+    pub fn has_broken(&self) -> bool {
+        self.panic
+    }
+
+    pub fn can_starttls(&self) -> bool {
+        !self.stream.get_ref().is_encrypted()
+            && self.server_info.supports_feature(Extension::StartTls)
+    }
+
+    pub fn starttls(
+        &mut self,
+        tls_parameters: &TlsParameters,
+        hello_name: &ClientId,
+    ) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        if self.server_info.supports_feature(Extension::StartTls) {
+            #[cfg(any(feature = "native-tls", feature = "rustls"))]
+            {
+                try_smtp!(self.command(Starttls), self);
+                try_smtp!(self.stream.get_mut().upgrade_tls(tls_parameters), self);
+                debug!("connection encrypted");
+                // Send EHLO again
+                try_smtp!(self.ehlo(hello_name), self);
+                Ok(())
+            }
+            #[cfg(not(any(feature = "native-tls", feature = "rustls")))]
+            // This should never happen as `Tls` can only be created
+            // when a TLS library is enabled
+            unreachable!("TLS support required but not supported");
+        } else {
+            Err(Error::Client("STARTTLS is not supported on this server"))
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Send EHLO and update server info
+    fn ehlo(&mut self, hello_name: &ClientId) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        let ehlo_response = try_smtp!(
+            self.command(Ehlo::new(ClientId::new(hello_name.to_string()))),
+            self
+        );
+        self.server_info = try_smtp!(ServerInfo::from_response(&ehlo_response), self);
         Ok(())
     }
 
+    pub fn quit(&mut self) -> SmtpResult {
+        Ok(try_smtp!(self.command(Quit), self))
+    }
+
+    pub fn abort(&mut self) {
+        // Only try to quit if we are not already broken
+        if !self.panic {
+            self.panic = true;
+            let _ = self.command(Quit);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the underlying stream
+    pub fn set_stream(&mut self, stream: NetworkStream) {
+        self.stream = BufStream::new(stream);
+    }
+
+    /// Tells if the underlying stream is currently encrypted
+    pub fn is_encrypted(&self) -> bool {
+        self.stream.get_ref().is_encrypted()
+    }
+
+    /// Set timeout
+    pub fn set_timeout(&mut self, duration: Option<Duration>) -> io::Result<()> {
+        self.stream.get_mut().set_read_timeout(duration)?;
+        self.stream.get_mut().set_write_timeout(duration)
+    }
+
     /// Checks if the server is connected using the NOOP SMTP command
-    #[cfg_attr(feature = "cargo-clippy", allow(clippy::wrong_self_convention))]
+    pub fn test_connected(&mut self) -> bool {
-    pub fn is_connected(&mut self) -> bool {
+        self.command(Noop).is_ok()
-        self.stream.is_some() && self.command(NoopCommand).is_ok()
     }
 
     /// Sends an AUTH command with the given mechanism, and handles challenge if needed
-    pub fn auth(&mut self, mechanism: Mechanism, credentials: &Credentials) -> SmtpResult {
+    pub fn auth(&mut self, mechanisms: &[Mechanism], credentials: &Credentials) -> SmtpResult {
+        let mechanism = match self.server_info.get_auth_mechanism(mechanisms) {
+            Some(m) => m,
+            None => {
+                return Err(Error::Client(
+                    "No compatible authentication mechanism was found",
+                ))
+            }
+        };
+
         // Limit challenges to avoid blocking
         let mut challenges = 10;
-        let mut response = self.command(AuthCommand::new(mechanism, credentials.clone(), None)?)?;
+        let mut response = self.command(Auth::new(mechanism, credentials.clone(), None)?)?;
 
         while challenges > 0 && response.has_code(334) {
             challenges -= 1;
-            response = self.command(AuthCommand::new_from_response(
+            response = try_smtp!(
-                mechanism,
+                self.command(Auth::new_from_response(
-                credentials.clone(),
+                    mechanism,
-                &response,
+                    credentials.clone(),
-            )?)?;
+                    &response,
+                )?),
+                self
+            );
         }
 
         if challenges == 0 {
@@ -214,12 +305,8 @@ impl<S: Connector + Write + Read + Timeout> InnerClient<S> {
 
     /// Writes a string to the server
     fn write(&mut self, string: &[u8]) -> Result<(), Error> {
-        if self.stream.is_none() {
+        self.stream.write_all(string)?;
-            return Err(From::from("Connection closed"));
+        self.stream.flush()?;
-        }
-
-        self.stream.as_mut().unwrap().write_all(string)?;
-        self.stream.as_mut().unwrap().flush()?;
 
         debug!(
             "Wrote: {}",
@@ -240,7 +327,7 @@ impl<S: Connector + Write + Read + Timeout> InnerClient<S> {
                 break;
             }
             // TODO read more than one line
-            let read_count = self.stream.as_mut().unwrap().read_line(&mut raw_response)?;
+            let read_count = self.stream.read_line(&mut raw_response)?;
 
             // EOF is reached
             if read_count == 0 {

src/transport/smtp/client/net.rs

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ use std::{
 /// Parameters to use for secure clients
 #[derive(Clone)]
 #[allow(missing_debug_implementations)]
-pub struct ClientTlsParameters {
+pub struct TlsParameters {
     /// A connector from `native-tls`
     #[cfg(feature = "native-tls")]
     connector: TlsConnector,
@@ -30,17 +30,17 @@ pub struct ClientTlsParameters {
     domain: String,
 }
 
-impl ClientTlsParameters {
+impl TlsParameters {
-    /// Creates a `ClientTlsParameters`
+    /// Creates a `TlsParameters`
     #[cfg(feature = "native-tls")]
     pub fn new(domain: String, connector: TlsConnector) -> Self {
-        ClientTlsParameters { connector, domain }
+        Self { connector, domain }
     }
 
-    /// Creates a `ClientTlsParameters`
+    /// Creates a `TlsParameters`
     #[cfg(feature = "rustls")]
     pub fn new(domain: String, connector: ClientConfig) -> Self {
-        ClientTlsParameters {
+        Self {
             connector: Box::new(connector),
             domain,
         }
@@ -87,6 +87,85 @@ impl NetworkStream {
             NetworkStream::Mock(_) => Ok(()),
         }
     }
+
+    pub fn connect(
+        addr: &SocketAddr,
+        timeout: Option<Duration>,
+        tls_parameters: Option<&TlsParameters>,
+    ) -> Result<NetworkStream, Error> {
+        let tcp_stream = match timeout {
+            Some(t) => TcpStream::connect_timeout(addr, t)?,
+            None => TcpStream::connect(addr)?,
+        };
+
+        match tls_parameters {
+            #[cfg(feature = "native-tls")]
+            Some(context) => context
+                .connector
+                .connect(context.domain.as_ref(), tcp_stream)
+                .map(|tls| NetworkStream::Tls(Box::new(tls)))
+                .map_err(|e| Error::Io(io::Error::new(ErrorKind::Other, e))),
+            #[cfg(feature = "rustls")]
+            Some(context) => {
+                let domain = webpki::DNSNameRef::try_from_ascii_str(&context.domain)?;
+
+                Ok(NetworkStream::Tls(Box::new(rustls::StreamOwned::new(
+                    ClientSession::new(&Arc::new(*context.connector.clone()), domain),
+                    tcp_stream,
+                ))))
+            }
+            None => Ok(NetworkStream::Tcp(tcp_stream)),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn upgrade_tls(&mut self, tls_parameters: &TlsParameters) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        *self = match *self {
+            #[cfg(feature = "native-tls")]
+            NetworkStream::Tcp(ref mut stream) => match tls_parameters
+                .connector
+                .connect(tls_parameters.domain.as_ref(), stream.try_clone().unwrap())
+            {
+                Ok(tls_stream) => NetworkStream::Tls(Box::new(tls_stream)),
+                Err(err) => return Err(Error::Io(io::Error::new(ErrorKind::Other, err))),
+            },
+            #[cfg(feature = "rustls")]
+            NetworkStream::Tcp(ref mut stream) => {
+                let domain = webpki::DNSNameRef::try_from_ascii_str(&tls_parameters.domain)?;
+
+                NetworkStream::Tls(Box::new(rustls::StreamOwned::new(
+                    ClientSession::new(&Arc::new(*tls_parameters.connector.clone()), domain),
+                    stream.try_clone().unwrap(),
+                )))
+            }
+            NetworkStream::Tls(_) | NetworkStream::Mock(_) => return Ok(()),
+        };
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub fn is_encrypted(&self) -> bool {
+        match *self {
+            NetworkStream::Tcp(_) | NetworkStream::Mock(_) => false,
+            NetworkStream::Tls(_) => true,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_read_timeout(&mut self, duration: Option<Duration>) -> io::Result<()> {
+        match *self {
+            NetworkStream::Tcp(ref mut stream) => stream.set_read_timeout(duration),
+            NetworkStream::Tls(ref mut stream) => stream.get_ref().set_read_timeout(duration),
+            NetworkStream::Mock(_) => Ok(()),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Set write timeout for IO calls
+    pub fn set_write_timeout(&mut self, duration: Option<Duration>) -> io::Result<()> {
+        match *self {
+            NetworkStream::Tcp(ref mut stream) => stream.set_write_timeout(duration),
+            NetworkStream::Tls(ref mut stream) => stream.get_ref().set_write_timeout(duration),
+            NetworkStream::Mock(_) => Ok(()),
+        }
+    }
 }
 
 impl Read for NetworkStream {
@@ -125,108 +204,3 @@ impl Write for NetworkStream {
         }
     }
 }
-
-/// A trait for the concept of opening a stream
-pub trait Connector: Sized {
-    /// Opens a connection to the given IP socket
-    fn connect(
-        addr: &SocketAddr,
-        timeout: Option<Duration>,
-        tls_parameters: Option<&ClientTlsParameters>,
-    ) -> Result<Self, Error>;
-    /// Upgrades to TLS connection
-    fn upgrade_tls(&mut self, tls_parameters: &ClientTlsParameters) -> Result<(), Error>;
-    /// Is the NetworkStream encrypted
-    fn is_encrypted(&self) -> bool;
-}
-
-impl Connector for NetworkStream {
-    fn connect(
-        addr: &SocketAddr,
-        timeout: Option<Duration>,
-        tls_parameters: Option<&ClientTlsParameters>,
-    ) -> Result<NetworkStream, Error> {
-        let tcp_stream = match timeout {
-            Some(duration) => TcpStream::connect_timeout(addr, duration)?,
-            None => TcpStream::connect(addr)?,
-        };
-
-        match tls_parameters {
-            #[cfg(feature = "native-tls")]
-            Some(context) => context
-                .connector
-                .connect(context.domain.as_ref(), tcp_stream)
-                .map(|tls| NetworkStream::Tls(Box::new(tls)))
-                .map_err(|e| Error::Io(io::Error::new(ErrorKind::Other, e))),
-            #[cfg(feature = "rustls")]
-            Some(context) => {
-                let domain = webpki::DNSNameRef::try_from_ascii_str(&context.domain)?;
-
-                Ok(NetworkStream::Tls(Box::new(rustls::StreamOwned::new(
-                    ClientSession::new(&Arc::new(*context.connector.clone()), domain),
-                    tcp_stream,
-                ))))
-            }
-            None => Ok(NetworkStream::Tcp(tcp_stream)),
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn upgrade_tls(&mut self, tls_parameters: &ClientTlsParameters) -> Result<(), Error> {
-        *self = match *self {
-            #[cfg(feature = "native-tls")]
-            NetworkStream::Tcp(ref mut stream) => match tls_parameters
-                .connector
-                .connect(tls_parameters.domain.as_ref(), stream.try_clone().unwrap())
-            {
-                Ok(tls_stream) => NetworkStream::Tls(Box::new(tls_stream)),
-                Err(err) => return Err(Error::Io(io::Error::new(ErrorKind::Other, err))),
-            },
-            #[cfg(feature = "rustls")]
-            NetworkStream::Tcp(ref mut stream) => {
-                let domain = webpki::DNSNameRef::try_from_ascii_str(&tls_parameters.domain)?;
-
-                NetworkStream::Tls(Box::new(rustls::StreamOwned::new(
-                    ClientSession::new(&Arc::new(*tls_parameters.connector.clone()), domain),
-                    stream.try_clone().unwrap(),
-                )))
-            }
-            NetworkStream::Tls(_) | NetworkStream::Mock(_) => return Ok(()),
-        };
-
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    fn is_encrypted(&self) -> bool {
-        match *self {
-            NetworkStream::Tcp(_) | NetworkStream::Mock(_) => false,
-            NetworkStream::Tls(_) => true,
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-/// A trait for read and write timeout support
-pub trait Timeout: Sized {
-    /// Set read timeout for IO calls
-    fn set_read_timeout(&mut self, duration: Option<Duration>) -> io::Result<()>;
-    /// Set write timeout for IO calls
-    fn set_write_timeout(&mut self, duration: Option<Duration>) -> io::Result<()>;
-}
-
-impl Timeout for NetworkStream {
-    fn set_read_timeout(&mut self, duration: Option<Duration>) -> io::Result<()> {
-        match *self {
-            NetworkStream::Tcp(ref mut stream) => stream.set_read_timeout(duration),
-            NetworkStream::Tls(ref mut stream) => stream.get_ref().set_read_timeout(duration),
-            NetworkStream::Mock(_) => Ok(()),
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Set write timeout for IO calls
-    fn set_write_timeout(&mut self, duration: Option<Duration>) -> io::Result<()> {
-        match *self {
-            NetworkStream::Tcp(ref mut stream) => stream.set_write_timeout(duration),
-            NetworkStream::Tls(ref mut stream) => stream.get_ref().set_write_timeout(duration),
-            NetworkStream::Mock(_) => Ok(()),
-        }
-    }
-}

src/transport/smtp/commands.rs

@@ -18,30 +18,29 @@ use std::{
 /// EHLO command
 #[derive(PartialEq, Clone, Debug)]
 #[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize))]
-pub struct EhloCommand {
+pub struct Ehlo {
     client_id: ClientId,
 }
 
-impl Display for EhloCommand {
+impl Display for Ehlo {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
-        #[allow(clippy::write_with_newline)]
         write!(f, "EHLO {}\r\n", self.client_id)
     }
 }
 
-impl EhloCommand {
+impl Ehlo {
     /// Creates a EHLO command
-    pub fn new(client_id: ClientId) -> EhloCommand {
+    pub fn new(client_id: ClientId) -> Ehlo {
-        EhloCommand { client_id }
+        Ehlo { client_id }
     }
 }
 
 /// STARTTLS command
 #[derive(PartialEq, Clone, Debug, Copy)]
 #[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize))]
-pub struct StarttlsCommand;
+pub struct Starttls;
 
-impl Display for StarttlsCommand {
+impl Display for Starttls {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
         f.write_str("STARTTLS\r\n")
     }
@@ -50,12 +49,12 @@ impl Display for StarttlsCommand {
 /// MAIL command
 #[derive(PartialEq, Clone, Debug)]
 #[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize))]
-pub struct MailCommand {
+pub struct Mail {
     sender: Option<Address>,
     parameters: Vec<MailParameter>,
 }
 
-impl Display for MailCommand {
+impl Display for Mail {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
         write!(
             f,
@@ -69,22 +68,22 @@ impl Display for MailCommand {
     }
 }
 
-impl MailCommand {
+impl Mail {
     /// Creates a MAIL command
-    pub fn new(sender: Option<Address>, parameters: Vec<MailParameter>) -> MailCommand {
+    pub fn new(sender: Option<Address>, parameters: Vec<MailParameter>) -> Mail {
-        MailCommand { sender, parameters }
+        Mail { sender, parameters }
     }
 }
 
 /// RCPT command
 #[derive(PartialEq, Clone, Debug)]
 #[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize))]
-pub struct RcptCommand {
+pub struct Rcpt {
     recipient: Address,
     parameters: Vec<RcptParameter>,
 }
 
-impl Display for RcptCommand {
+impl Display for Rcpt {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
         write!(f, "RCPT TO:<{}>", self.recipient)?;
         for parameter in &self.parameters {
@@ -94,10 +93,10 @@ impl Display for RcptCommand {
     }
 }
 
-impl RcptCommand {
+impl Rcpt {
     /// Creates an RCPT command
-    pub fn new(recipient: Address, parameters: Vec<RcptParameter>) -> RcptCommand {
+    pub fn new(recipient: Address, parameters: Vec<RcptParameter>) -> Rcpt {
-        RcptCommand {
+        Rcpt {
             recipient,
             parameters,
         }
@@ -107,9 +106,9 @@ impl RcptCommand {
 /// DATA command
 #[derive(PartialEq, Clone, Debug, Copy)]
 #[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize))]
-pub struct DataCommand;
+pub struct Data;
 
-impl Display for DataCommand {
+impl Display for Data {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
         f.write_str("DATA\r\n")
     }
@@ -118,9 +117,9 @@ impl Display for DataCommand {
 /// QUIT command
 #[derive(PartialEq, Clone, Debug, Copy)]
 #[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize))]
-pub struct QuitCommand;
+pub struct Quit;
 
-impl Display for QuitCommand {
+impl Display for Quit {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
         f.write_str("QUIT\r\n")
     }
@@ -129,9 +128,9 @@ impl Display for QuitCommand {
 /// NOOP command
 #[derive(PartialEq, Clone, Debug, Copy)]
 #[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize))]
-pub struct NoopCommand;
+pub struct Noop;
 
-impl Display for NoopCommand {
+impl Display for Noop {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
         f.write_str("NOOP\r\n")
     }
@@ -140,11 +139,11 @@ impl Display for NoopCommand {
 /// HELP command
 #[derive(PartialEq, Clone, Debug)]
 #[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize))]
-pub struct HelpCommand {
+pub struct Help {
     argument: Option<String>,
 }
 
-impl Display for HelpCommand {
+impl Display for Help {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
         f.write_str("HELP")?;
         if self.argument.is_some() {
@@ -154,61 +153,61 @@ impl Display for HelpCommand {
     }
 }
 
-impl HelpCommand {
+impl Help {
     /// Creates an HELP command
-    pub fn new(argument: Option<String>) -> HelpCommand {
+    pub fn new(argument: Option<String>) -> Help {
-        HelpCommand { argument }
+        Help { argument }
     }
 }
 
 /// VRFY command
 #[derive(PartialEq, Clone, Debug)]
 #[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize))]
-pub struct VrfyCommand {
+pub struct Vrfy {
     argument: String,
 }
 
-impl Display for VrfyCommand {
+impl Display for Vrfy {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
         #[allow(clippy::write_with_newline)]
         write!(f, "VRFY {}\r\n", self.argument)
     }
 }
 
-impl VrfyCommand {
+impl Vrfy {
     /// Creates a VRFY command
-    pub fn new(argument: String) -> VrfyCommand {
+    pub fn new(argument: String) -> Vrfy {
-        VrfyCommand { argument }
+        Vrfy { argument }
     }
 }
 
 /// EXPN command
 #[derive(PartialEq, Clone, Debug)]
 #[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize))]
-pub struct ExpnCommand {
+pub struct Expn {
     argument: String,
 }
 
-impl Display for ExpnCommand {
+impl Display for Expn {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
         #[allow(clippy::write_with_newline)]
         write!(f, "EXPN {}\r\n", self.argument)
     }
 }
 
-impl ExpnCommand {
+impl Expn {
     /// Creates an EXPN command
-    pub fn new(argument: String) -> ExpnCommand {
+    pub fn new(argument: String) -> Expn {
-        ExpnCommand { argument }
+        Expn { argument }
     }
 }
 
 /// RSET command
 #[derive(PartialEq, Clone, Debug, Copy)]
 #[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize))]
-pub struct RsetCommand;
+pub struct Rset;
 
-impl Display for RsetCommand {
+impl Display for Rset {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
         f.write_str("RSET\r\n")
     }
@@ -217,14 +216,14 @@ impl Display for RsetCommand {
 /// AUTH command
 #[derive(PartialEq, Clone, Debug)]
 #[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize))]
-pub struct AuthCommand {
+pub struct Auth {
     mechanism: Mechanism,
     credentials: Credentials,
     challenge: Option<String>,
     response: Option<String>,
 }
 
-impl Display for AuthCommand {
+impl Display for Auth {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
         let encoded_response = self
             .response
@@ -243,19 +242,19 @@ impl Display for AuthCommand {
     }
 }
 
-impl AuthCommand {
+impl Auth {
     /// Creates an AUTH command (from a challenge if provided)
     pub fn new(
         mechanism: Mechanism,
         credentials: Credentials,
         challenge: Option<String>,
-    ) -> Result<AuthCommand, Error> {
+    ) -> Result<Auth, Error> {
         let response = if mechanism.supports_initial_response() || challenge.is_some() {
             Some(mechanism.response(&credentials, challenge.as_deref())?)
         } else {
             None
         };
-        Ok(AuthCommand {
+        Ok(Auth {
             mechanism,
             credentials,
             challenge,
@@ -269,7 +268,7 @@ impl AuthCommand {
         mechanism: Mechanism,
         credentials: Credentials,
         response: &Response,
-    ) -> Result<AuthCommand, Error> {
+    ) -> Result<Auth, Error> {
         if !response.has_code(334) {
             return Err(Error::ResponseParsing("Expecting a challenge"));
         }
@@ -284,7 +283,7 @@ impl AuthCommand {
 
         let response = Some(mechanism.response(&credentials, Some(decoded_challenge.as_ref()))?);
 
-        Ok(AuthCommand {
+        Ok(Auth {
             mechanism,
             credentials,
             challenge: Some(decoded_challenge),
@@ -311,26 +310,23 @@ mod test {
             keyword: "TEST".to_string(),
             value: Some("value".to_string()),
         };
-        assert_eq!(format!("{}", EhloCommand::new(id)), "EHLO localhost\r\n");
+        assert_eq!(format!("{}", Ehlo::new(id)), "EHLO localhost\r\n");
         assert_eq!(
-            format!("{}", MailCommand::new(Some(email.clone()), vec![])),
+            format!("{}", Mail::new(Some(email.clone()), vec![])),
             "MAIL FROM:<test@example.com>\r\n"
         );
-        assert_eq!(
+        assert_eq!(format!("{}", Mail::new(None, vec![])), "MAIL FROM:<>\r\n");
-            format!("{}", MailCommand::new(None, vec![])),
-            "MAIL FROM:<>\r\n"
-        );
         assert_eq!(
             format!(
                 "{}",
-                MailCommand::new(Some(email.clone()), vec![MailParameter::Size(42)])
+                Mail::new(Some(email.clone()), vec![MailParameter::Size(42)])
             ),
             "MAIL FROM:<test@example.com> SIZE=42\r\n"
         );
         assert_eq!(
             format!(
                 "{}",
-                MailCommand::new(
+                Mail::new(
                     Some(email.clone()),
                     vec![
                         MailParameter::Size(42),
@@ -342,42 +338,42 @@ mod test {
             "MAIL FROM:<test@example.com> SIZE=42 BODY=8BITMIME TEST=value\r\n"
         );
         assert_eq!(
-            format!("{}", RcptCommand::new(email.clone(), vec![])),
+            format!("{}", Rcpt::new(email.clone(), vec![])),
             "RCPT TO:<test@example.com>\r\n"
         );
         assert_eq!(
-            format!("{}", RcptCommand::new(email.clone(), vec![rcpt_parameter])),
+            format!("{}", Rcpt::new(email.clone(), vec![rcpt_parameter])),
             "RCPT TO:<test@example.com> TEST=value\r\n"
         );
-        assert_eq!(format!("{}", QuitCommand), "QUIT\r\n");
+        assert_eq!(format!("{}", Quit), "QUIT\r\n");
-        assert_eq!(format!("{}", DataCommand), "DATA\r\n");
+        assert_eq!(format!("{}", Data), "DATA\r\n");
-        assert_eq!(format!("{}", NoopCommand), "NOOP\r\n");
+        assert_eq!(format!("{}", Noop), "NOOP\r\n");
-        assert_eq!(format!("{}", HelpCommand::new(None)), "HELP\r\n");
+        assert_eq!(format!("{}", Help::new(None)), "HELP\r\n");
         assert_eq!(
-            format!("{}", HelpCommand::new(Some("test".to_string()))),
+            format!("{}", Help::new(Some("test".to_string()))),
             "HELP test\r\n"
         );
         assert_eq!(
-            format!("{}", VrfyCommand::new("test".to_string())),
+            format!("{}", Vrfy::new("test".to_string())),
             "VRFY test\r\n"
         );
         assert_eq!(
-            format!("{}", ExpnCommand::new("test".to_string())),
+            format!("{}", Expn::new("test".to_string())),
             "EXPN test\r\n"
         );
-        assert_eq!(format!("{}", RsetCommand), "RSET\r\n");
+        assert_eq!(format!("{}", Rset), "RSET\r\n");
         let credentials = Credentials::new("user".to_string(), "password".to_string());
         assert_eq!(
             format!(
                 "{}",
-                AuthCommand::new(Mechanism::Plain, credentials.clone(), None).unwrap()
+                Auth::new(Mechanism::Plain, credentials.clone(), None).unwrap()
             ),
             "AUTH PLAIN AHVzZXIAcGFzc3dvcmQ=\r\n"
         );
         assert_eq!(
             format!(
                 "{}",
-                AuthCommand::new(Mechanism::Login, credentials.clone(), None).unwrap()
+                Auth::new(Mechanism::Login, credentials.clone(), None).unwrap()
             ),
             "AUTH LOGIN\r\n"
         );

src/transport/smtp/error.rs

@@ -3,11 +3,9 @@
 use self::Error::*;
 use crate::transport::smtp::response::{Response, Severity};
 use base64::DecodeError;
-#[cfg(feature = "native-tls")]
 use std::{
     error::Error as StdError,
-    fmt,
+    fmt::{self, Display, Formatter},
-    fmt::{Display, Formatter},
     io,
     string::FromUtf8Error,
 };
@@ -43,10 +41,11 @@ pub enum Error {
     /// Invalid hostname
     #[cfg(feature = "rustls-tls")]
     InvalidDNSName(webpki::InvalidDNSNameError),
+    #[cfg(feature = "r2d2")]
+    Pool(r2d2::Error),
 }
 
 impl Display for Error {
-    #[cfg_attr(feature = "cargo-clippy", allow(clippy::match_same_arms))]
     fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut Formatter) -> Result<(), fmt::Error> {
         match *self {
             // Try to display the first line of the server's response that usually
@@ -70,6 +69,7 @@ impl Display for Error {
             Parsing(ref err) => fmt.write_str(err.description()),
             #[cfg(feature = "rustls-tls")]
             InvalidDNSName(ref err) => err.fmt(fmt),
+            Pool(ref err) => err.fmt(fmt),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -129,6 +129,13 @@ impl From<webpki::InvalidDNSNameError> for Error {
     }
 }
 
+#[cfg(feature = "r2d2")]
+impl From<r2d2::Error> for Error {
+    fn from(err: r2d2::Error) -> Error {
+        Pool(err)
+    }
+}
+
 impl From<Response> for Error {
     fn from(response: Response) -> Error {
         match response.code.severity {

src/transport/smtp/extension.rs

@@ -52,6 +52,10 @@ impl ClientId {
                 .unwrap_or_else(|_| DEFAULT_DOMAIN_CLIENT_ID.to_string()),
         )
     }
+    #[cfg(not(feature = "hostname"))]
+    pub fn hostname() -> ClientId {
+        ClientId::Domain(DEFAULT_DOMAIN_CLIENT_ID.to_string())
+    }
 }
 
 /// Supported ESMTP keywords
@@ -86,7 +90,7 @@ impl Display for Extension {
 }
 
 /// Contains information about an SMTP server
-#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Default)]
 #[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize))]
 pub struct ServerInfo {
     /// Server name
@@ -176,6 +180,16 @@ impl ServerInfo {
         self.features
             .contains(&Extension::Authentication(mechanism))
     }
+
+    /// Gets a compatible mechanism from list
+    pub fn get_auth_mechanism(&self, mechanisms: &[Mechanism]) -> Option<Mechanism> {
+        for mechanism in mechanisms {
+            if self.supports_auth_mechanism(*mechanism) {
+                return Some(*mechanism);
+            }
+        }
+        None
+    }
 }
 
 /// A `MAIL FROM` extension parameter

src/transport/smtp/mod.rs

@@ -10,32 +10,25 @@
 //! * 8BITMIME ([RFC 6152](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6152))
 //! * AUTH ([RFC 4954](http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4954)) with PLAIN, LOGIN and XOAUTH2 mechanisms
 //! * STARTTLS ([RFC 2487](http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2487))
-//! * SMTPUTF8 ([RFC 6531](http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6531))
 //!
 
-use crate::Envelope;
 use crate::{
     transport::smtp::{
-        authentication::{
+        authentication::{Credentials, Mechanism, DEFAULT_MECHANISMS},
-            Credentials, Mechanism, DEFAULT_ENCRYPTED_MECHANISMS, DEFAULT_UNENCRYPTED_MECHANISMS,
+        client::{net::TlsParameters, SmtpConnection},
-        },
-        client::{net::ClientTlsParameters, InnerClient},
-        commands::*,
         error::{Error, SmtpResult},
-        extension::{ClientId, Extension, MailBodyParameter, MailParameter, ServerInfo},
+        extension::ClientId,
     },
-    Transport,
+    Envelope, Transport,
 };
-use log::{debug, info};
 #[cfg(feature = "native-tls")]
 use native_tls::{Protocol, TlsConnector};
+#[cfg(feature = "r2d2")]
+use r2d2::Pool;
 #[cfg(feature = "rustls")]
 use rustls::ClientConfig;
-use std::{
+use std::ops::DerefMut;
-    net::{SocketAddr, ToSocketAddrs},
+use std::time::Duration;
-    time::Duration,
-};
-use uuid::Uuid;
 #[cfg(feature = "rustls")]
 use webpki_roots::TLS_SERVER_ROOTS;
 
@@ -44,8 +37,8 @@ pub mod client;
 pub mod commands;
 pub mod error;
 pub mod extension;
-#[cfg(feature = "connection-pool")]
+#[cfg(feature = "r2d2")]
-pub mod r2d2;
+pub mod pool;
 pub mod response;
 pub mod util;
 
@@ -62,378 +55,192 @@ pub const SUBMISSIONS_PORT: u16 = 465;
 
 /// Accepted protocols by default.
 /// This removes TLS 1.0 and 1.1 compared to tls-native defaults.
-/// This is also rustls' default behavior
+// This is also rustls' default behavior
 #[cfg(feature = "native-tls")]
 const DEFAULT_TLS_MIN_PROTOCOL: Protocol = Protocol::Tlsv12;
 
 /// How to apply TLS to a client connection
 #[derive(Clone)]
 #[allow(missing_debug_implementations)]
-pub enum ClientSecurity {
+pub enum Tls {
     /// Insecure connection only (for testing purposes)
     None,
     /// Start with insecure connection and use `STARTTLS` when available
-    Opportunistic(ClientTlsParameters),
+    #[cfg(any(feature = "native-tls", feature = "rustls"))]
+    Opportunistic(TlsParameters),
     /// Start with insecure connection and require `STARTTLS`
-    Required(ClientTlsParameters),
+    #[cfg(any(feature = "native-tls", feature = "rustls"))]
+    Required(TlsParameters),
     /// Use TLS wrapped connection
-    Wrapper(ClientTlsParameters),
+    #[cfg(any(feature = "native-tls", feature = "rustls"))]
-}
+    Wrapper(TlsParameters),
-
-/// Configures connection reuse behavior
-#[derive(Clone, Debug, Copy)]
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize))]
-pub enum ConnectionReuseParameters {
-    /// Unlimited connection reuse
-    ReuseUnlimited,
-    /// Maximum number of connection reuse
-    ReuseLimited(u16),
-    /// Disable connection reuse, close connection after each transaction
-    NoReuse,
 }
 
 /// Contains client configuration
 #[allow(missing_debug_implementations)]
 #[derive(Clone)]
-pub struct SmtpClient {
+pub struct SmtpTransport {
-    /// Enable connection reuse
-    connection_reuse: ConnectionReuseParameters,
     /// Name sent during EHLO
     hello_name: ClientId,
+    /// Server we are connecting to
+    server: String,
+    /// Port to connect to
+    port: u16,
+    /// TLS security configuration
+    tls: Tls,
+    /// Optional enforced authentication mechanism
+    authentication: Vec<Mechanism>,
     /// Credentials
     credentials: Option<Credentials>,
-    /// Socket we are connecting to
-    server_addr: SocketAddr,
-    /// TLS security configuration
-    security: ClientSecurity,
-    /// Enable UTF8 mailboxes in envelope or headers
-    smtp_utf8: bool,
-    /// Optional enforced authentication mechanism
-    authentication_mechanism: Option<Mechanism>,
-    /// Force use of the set authentication mechanism even if server does not report to support it
-    force_set_auth: bool,
     /// Define network timeout
     /// It can be changed later for specific needs (like a different timeout for each SMTP command)
     timeout: Option<Duration>,
+    /// Connection pool
+    #[cfg(feature = "r2d2")]
+    pool: Option<Pool<SmtpTransport>>,
 }
 
 /// Builder for the SMTP `SmtpTransport`
-impl SmtpClient {
+impl SmtpTransport {
     /// Creates a new SMTP client
     ///
     /// Defaults are:
     ///
-    /// * No connection reuse
     /// * No authentication
-    /// * No SMTPUTF8 support
     /// * A 60 seconds timeout for smtp commands
+    /// * Port 587
     ///
-    /// Consider using [`SmtpClient::new_simple`] instead, if possible.
+    /// Consider using [`SmtpTransport::new`] instead, if possible.
-    pub fn new<A: ToSocketAddrs>(addr: A, security: ClientSecurity) -> Result<SmtpClient, Error> {
+    pub fn new<T: Into<String>>(server: T) -> Self {
-        let mut addresses = addr.to_socket_addrs()?;
+        Self {
-
+            server: server.into(),
-        match addresses.next() {
+            port: SUBMISSION_PORT,
-            Some(addr) => Ok(SmtpClient {
+            hello_name: ClientId::hostname(),
-                server_addr: addr,
+            credentials: None,
-                security,
+            authentication: DEFAULT_MECHANISMS.into(),
-                smtp_utf8: false,
+            timeout: Some(Duration::new(60, 0)),
-                credentials: None,
+            tls: Tls::None,
-                connection_reuse: ConnectionReuseParameters::NoReuse,
+            #[cfg(feature = "r2d2")]
-                #[cfg(feature = "hostname")]
+            pool: None,
-                hello_name: ClientId::hostname(),
-                #[cfg(not(feature = "hostname"))]
-                hello_name: ClientId::new("localhost".to_string()),
-                authentication_mechanism: None,
-                force_set_auth: false,
-                timeout: Some(Duration::new(60, 0)),
-            }),
-            None => Err(Error::Resolution),
         }
     }
 
     /// Simple and secure transport, should be used when possible.
     /// Creates an encrypted transport over submissions port, using the provided domain
     /// to validate TLS certificates.
-    #[cfg(feature = "native-tls")]
+    pub fn relay(relay: &str) -> Result<Self, Error> {
-    pub fn new_simple(domain: &str) -> Result<SmtpClient, Error> {
+        #[cfg(feature = "native-tls")]
         let mut tls_builder = TlsConnector::builder();
+        #[cfg(feature = "native-tls")]
         tls_builder.min_protocol_version(Some(DEFAULT_TLS_MIN_PROTOCOL));
+        #[cfg(feature = "native-tls")]
+        let tls_parameters = TlsParameters::new(relay.to_string(), tls_builder.build().unwrap());
 
-        let tls_parameters =
+        #[cfg(feature = "rustls")]
-            ClientTlsParameters::new(domain.to_string(), tls_builder.build().unwrap());
-
-        SmtpClient::new(
-            (domain, SUBMISSIONS_PORT),
-            ClientSecurity::Wrapper(tls_parameters),
-        )
-    }
-
-    #[cfg(feature = "rustls")]
-    pub fn new_simple(domain: &str) -> Result<SmtpClient, Error> {
         let mut tls = ClientConfig::new();
-        tls.config
+        #[cfg(feature = "rustls")]
-            .root_store
+        tls.root_store.add_server_trust_anchors(&TLS_SERVER_ROOTS);
-            .add_server_trust_anchors(&TLS_SERVER_ROOTS);
+        #[cfg(feature = "rustls")]
+        let tls_parameters = TlsParameters::new(relay.to_string(), tls);
 
-        let tls_parameters = ClientTlsParameters::new(domain.to_string(), tls);
+        let new = Self::new(relay)
+            .port(SUBMISSIONS_PORT)
+            .tls(Tls::Wrapper(tls_parameters));
 
-        SmtpClient::new(
+        #[cfg(feature = "r2d2")]
-            (domain, SUBMISSIONS_PORT),
+        // Pool with default configuration
-            ClientSecurity::Wrapper(tls_parameters),
+        // FIXME avoid clone
-        )
+        let tpool = new.clone();
+        let new = new.pool(Pool::new(tpool)?);
+        Ok(new)
     }
 
     /// Creates a new local SMTP client to port 25
-    pub fn new_unencrypted_localhost() -> Result<SmtpClient, Error> {
+    ///
-        SmtpClient::new(("localhost", SMTP_PORT), ClientSecurity::None)
+    /// Shortcut for local unencrypted relay (typical local email daemon that will handle relaying)
-    }
+    pub fn unencrypted_localhost() -> Self {
-
+        Self::new("localhost").port(SMTP_PORT)
-    /// Enable SMTPUTF8 if the server supports it
-    pub fn smtp_utf8(mut self, enabled: bool) -> SmtpClient {
-        self.smtp_utf8 = enabled;
-        self
     }
 
     /// Set the name used during EHLO
-    pub fn hello_name(mut self, name: ClientId) -> SmtpClient {
+    pub fn hello_name(mut self, name: ClientId) -> Self {
         self.hello_name = name;
         self
     }
 
-    /// Enable connection reuse
+    /// Set the authentication mechanism to use
-    pub fn connection_reuse(mut self, parameters: ConnectionReuseParameters) -> SmtpClient {
+    pub fn credentials(mut self, credentials: Credentials) -> Self {
-        self.connection_reuse = parameters;
+        self.credentials = Some(credentials);
-        self
-    }
-
-    /// Set the client credentials
-    pub fn credentials<S: Into<Credentials>>(mut self, credentials: S) -> SmtpClient {
-        self.credentials = Some(credentials.into());
         self
     }
 
     /// Set the authentication mechanism to use
-    pub fn authentication_mechanism(mut self, mechanism: Mechanism) -> SmtpClient {
+    pub fn authentication(mut self, mechanisms: Vec<Mechanism>) -> Self {
-        self.authentication_mechanism = Some(mechanism);
+        self.authentication = mechanisms;
-        self
-    }
-
-    /// Set if the set authentication mechanism should be force
-    pub fn force_set_auth(mut self, force: bool) -> SmtpClient {
-        self.force_set_auth = force;
         self
     }
 
     /// Set the timeout duration
-    pub fn timeout(mut self, timeout: Option<Duration>) -> SmtpClient {
+    pub fn timeout(mut self, timeout: Option<Duration>) -> Self {
         self.timeout = timeout;
         self
     }
 
-    /// Build the SMTP client
+    /// Set the port to use
-    ///
+    pub fn port(mut self, port: u16) -> Self {
-    /// It does not connect to the server, but only creates the `SmtpTransport`
+        self.port = port;
-    pub fn transport(self) -> SmtpTransport {
+        self
-        SmtpTransport::new(self)
-    }
-}
-
-/// Represents the state of a client
-#[derive(Debug)]
-struct State {
-    /// Panic state
-    pub panic: bool,
-    /// Connection reuse counter
-    pub connection_reuse_count: u16,
-}
-
-/// Structure that implements the high level SMTP client
-#[allow(missing_debug_implementations)]
-pub struct SmtpTransport {
-    /// Information about the server
-    /// Value is None before EHLO
-    server_info: Option<ServerInfo>,
-    /// SmtpTransport variable states
-    state: State,
-    /// Information about the client
-    client_info: SmtpClient,
-    /// Low level client
-    client: InnerClient,
-}
-
-macro_rules! try_smtp (
-    ($err: expr, $client: ident) => ({
-        match $err {
-            Ok(val) => val,
-            Err(err) => {
-                if !$client.state.panic {
-                    $client.state.panic = true;
-                    $client.close();
-                }
-                return Err(From::from(err))
-            },
-        }
-    })
-);
-
-impl<'a> SmtpTransport {
-    /// Creates a new SMTP client
-    ///
-    /// It does not connect to the server, but only creates the `SmtpTransport`
-    pub fn new(builder: SmtpClient) -> SmtpTransport {
-        let client = InnerClient::new();
-
-        SmtpTransport {
-            client,
-            server_info: None,
-            client_info: builder,
-            state: State {
-                panic: false,
-                connection_reuse_count: 0,
-            },
-        }
     }
 
-    fn connect(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    /// Set the TLS settings to use
-        // Check if the connection is still available
+    pub fn tls(mut self, tls: Tls) -> Self {
-        if (self.state.connection_reuse_count > 0) && (!self.client.is_connected()) {
+        self.tls = tls;
-            self.close();
+        self
-        }
+    }
 
-        if self.state.connection_reuse_count > 0 {
+    /// Set the TLS settings to use
-            info!(
+    #[cfg(feature = "r2d2")]
-                "connection already established to {}",
+    pub fn pool(mut self, pool: Pool<SmtpTransport>) -> Self {
-                self.client_info.server_addr
+        self.pool = Some(pool);
-            );
+        self
-            return Ok(());
+    }
-        }
 
-        self.client.connect(
+    /// Creates a new connection directly usable to send emails
-            &self.client_info.server_addr,
+    ///
-            self.client_info.timeout,
+    /// Handles encryption and authentication
-            match self.client_info.security {
+    fn connection(&self) -> Result<SmtpConnection, Error> {
-                ClientSecurity::Wrapper(ref tls_parameters) => Some(tls_parameters),
+        let mut conn = SmtpConnection::connect::<(&str, u16)>(
+            (self.server.as_ref(), self.port),
+            self.timeout,
+            &self.hello_name,
+            match self.tls {
+                Tls::Wrapper(ref tls_parameters) => Some(tls_parameters),
                 _ => None,
             },
         )?;
 
-        self.client.set_timeout(self.client_info.timeout)?;
+        match self.tls {
-        let _response = self.client.read_response()?;
-
-        // Log the connection
-        info!("connection established to {}", self.client_info.server_addr);
-
-        self.ehlo()?;
-
-        match (
-            &self.client_info.security.clone(),
-            self.server_info
-                .as_ref()
-                .unwrap()
-                .supports_feature(Extension::StartTls),
-        ) {
-            (&ClientSecurity::Required(_), false) => {
-                return Err(From::from("Could not encrypt connection, aborting"));
-            }
-            (&ClientSecurity::Opportunistic(_), false) => (),
-            (&ClientSecurity::None, _) => (),
-            (&ClientSecurity::Wrapper(_), _) => (),
             #[cfg(any(feature = "native-tls", feature = "rustls"))]
-            (&ClientSecurity::Opportunistic(ref tls_parameters), true)
+            Tls::Opportunistic(ref tls_parameters) => {
-            | (&ClientSecurity::Required(ref tls_parameters), true) => {
+                if conn.can_starttls() {
-                try_smtp!(self.client.command(StarttlsCommand), self);
+                    conn.starttls(tls_parameters, &self.hello_name)?;
-                try_smtp!(self.client.upgrade_tls_stream(tls_parameters), self);
-                debug!("connection encrypted");
-                // Send EHLO again
-                self.ehlo()?;
-            }
-            #[cfg(not(any(feature = "native-tls", feature = "rustls")))]
-            (&ClientSecurity::Opportunistic(_), true) | (&ClientSecurity::Required(_), true) => {
-                // This should never happen as `ClientSecurity` can only be created
-                // when a TLS library is enabled
-                unreachable!("TLS support required but not supported");
-            }
-        }
-
-        if self.client_info.credentials.is_some() {
-            let mut found = false;
-
-            if !self.client_info.force_set_auth {
-                // Compute accepted mechanism
-                let accepted_mechanisms = match self.client_info.authentication_mechanism {
-                    Some(mechanism) => vec![mechanism],
-                    None => {
-                        if self.client.is_encrypted() {
-                            DEFAULT_ENCRYPTED_MECHANISMS.to_vec()
-                        } else {
-                            DEFAULT_UNENCRYPTED_MECHANISMS.to_vec()
-                        }
-                    }
-                };
-
-                for mechanism in accepted_mechanisms {
-                    if self
-                        .server_info
-                        .as_ref()
-                        .unwrap()
-                        .supports_auth_mechanism(mechanism)
-                    {
-                        found = true;
-                        try_smtp!(
-                            self.client
-                                .auth(mechanism, self.client_info.credentials.as_ref().unwrap(),),
-                            self
-                        );
-                        break;
-                    }
                 }
-            } else {
-                try_smtp!(
-                    self.client.auth(
-                        self.client_info.authentication_mechanism.expect(
-                            "force_set_auth set to true, but no authentication mechanism set"
-                        ),
-                        self.client_info.credentials.as_ref().unwrap(),
-                    ),
-                    self
-                );
-                found = true;
             }
-
+            #[cfg(any(feature = "native-tls", feature = "rustls"))]
-            if !found {
+            Tls::Required(ref tls_parameters) => {
-                info!("No supported authentication mechanisms available");
+                conn.starttls(tls_parameters, &self.hello_name)?;
             }
+            _ => (),
         }
-        Ok(())
-    }
 
-    /// Gets the EHLO response and updates server information
+        match &self.credentials {
-    fn ehlo(&mut self) -> SmtpResult {
+            Some(credentials) => {
-        // Extended Hello
+                conn.auth(self.authentication.as_slice(), &credentials)?;
-        let ehlo_response = try_smtp!(
+            }
-            self.client.command(EhloCommand::new(ClientId::new(
+            None => (),
-                self.client_info.hello_name.to_string()
+        }
-            ),)),
-            self
-        );
 
-        self.server_info = Some(try_smtp!(ServerInfo::from_response(&ehlo_response), self));
+        Ok(conn)
-
-        // Print server information
-        debug!("server {}", self.server_info.as_ref().unwrap());
-
-        Ok(ehlo_response)
-    }
-
-    /// Reset the client state
-    pub fn close(&mut self) {
-        // Close the SMTP transaction if needed
-        self.client.close();
-
-        // Reset the client state
-        self.server_info = None;
-        self.state.panic = false;
-        self.state.connection_reuse_count = 0;
     }
 }
 
@@ -441,101 +248,26 @@ impl<'a> Transport<'a> for SmtpTransport {
     type Result = SmtpResult;
 
     /// Sends an email
-    #[cfg_attr(
+    fn send_raw(&self, envelope: &Envelope, email: &[u8]) -> Self::Result {
-        feature = "cargo-clippy",
+        #[cfg(feature = "r2d2")]
-        allow(clippy::match_same_arms, clippy::cyclomatic_complexity)
+        let mut conn: Box<dyn DerefMut<Target = SmtpConnection>> = match self.pool {
-    )]
+            Some(ref p) => Box::new(p.get()?),
-    fn send_raw(&mut self, envelope: &Envelope, email: &[u8]) -> Self::Result {
+            None => Box::new(Box::new(self.connection()?)),
-        let email_id = Uuid::new_v4();
+        };
-        let envelope = envelope;
+        #[cfg(not(feature = "r2d2"))]
+        let mut conn = self.connection()?;
 
-        if !self.client.is_connected() {
+        let result = conn.send(envelope, email)?;
-            self.connect()?;
-        }
 
-        // Mail
+        #[cfg(feature = "r2d2")]
-        let mut mail_options = vec![];
-
-        if self
-            .server_info
-            .as_ref()
-            .unwrap()
-            .supports_feature(Extension::EightBitMime)
         {
-            mail_options.push(MailParameter::Body(MailBodyParameter::EightBitMime));
+            if self.pool.is_none() {
-        }
+                conn.quit()?;
-
-        if self
-            .server_info
-            .as_ref()
-            .unwrap()
-            .supports_feature(Extension::SmtpUtfEight)
-            && self.client_info.smtp_utf8
-        {
-            mail_options.push(MailParameter::SmtpUtfEight);
-        }
-
-        try_smtp!(
-            self.client
-                .command(MailCommand::new(envelope.from().cloned(), mail_options,)),
-            self
-        );
-
-        // Log the mail command
-        info!(
-            "{}: from=<{}>",
-            email_id,
-            match envelope.from() {
-                Some(address) => address.to_string(),
-                None => "".to_string(),
             }
-        );
-
-        // Recipient
-        for to_address in envelope.to() {
-            try_smtp!(
-                self.client
-                    .command(RcptCommand::new(to_address.clone(), vec![])),
-                self
-            );
-            // Log the rcpt command
-            info!("{}: to=<{}>", email_id, to_address);
         }
+        #[cfg(not(feature = "r2d2"))]
+        conn.quit()?;
 
-        // Data
+        Ok(result)
-        try_smtp!(self.client.command(DataCommand), self);
-
-        // Message content
-        let result = self.client.message(email);
-
-        if let Ok(ref result) = result {
-            // Increment the connection reuse counter
-            self.state.connection_reuse_count += 1;
-
-            // Log the message
-            info!(
-                "{}: conn_use={}, status=sent ({})",
-                email_id,
-                self.state.connection_reuse_count,
-                result
-                    .message
-                    .iter()
-                    .next()
-                    .unwrap_or(&"no response".to_string())
-            );
-        }
-
-        // Test if we can reuse the existing connection
-        match self.client_info.connection_reuse {
-            ConnectionReuseParameters::ReuseLimited(limit)
-                if self.state.connection_reuse_count >= limit =>
-            {
-                self.close()
-            }
-            ConnectionReuseParameters::NoReuse => self.close(),
-            _ => (),
-        }
-
-        result
     }
 }

src/transport/smtp/pool.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+use crate::transport::smtp::{client::SmtpConnection, error::Error, SmtpTransport};
+use r2d2::ManageConnection;
+
+impl ManageConnection for SmtpTransport {
+    type Connection = SmtpConnection;
+    type Error = Error;
+
+    fn connect(&self) -> Result<Self::Connection, Error> {
+        self.connection()
+    }
+
+    fn is_valid(&self, conn: &mut Self::Connection) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        if conn.test_connected() {
+            return Ok(());
+        }
+        Err(Error::Client("is not connected anymore"))
+    }
+
+    fn has_broken(&self, conn: &mut Self::Connection) -> bool {
+        conn.has_broken()
+    }
+}

src/transport/smtp/r2d2.rs

@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-use crate::transport::smtp::{error::Error, ConnectionReuseParameters, SmtpClient, SmtpTransport};
-use r2d2::ManageConnection;
-
-pub struct SmtpConnectionManager {
-    transport_builder: SmtpClient,
-}
-
-impl SmtpConnectionManager {
-    pub fn new(transport_builder: SmtpClient) -> Result<SmtpConnectionManager, Error> {
-        Ok(SmtpConnectionManager {
-            transport_builder: transport_builder
-                .connection_reuse(ConnectionReuseParameters::ReuseUnlimited),
-        })
-    }
-}
-
-impl ManageConnection for SmtpConnectionManager {
-    type Connection = SmtpTransport;
-    type Error = Error;
-
-    fn connect(&self) -> Result<Self::Connection, Error> {
-        let mut transport = SmtpTransport::new(self.transport_builder.clone());
-        transport.connect()?;
-        Ok(transport)
-    }
-
-    fn is_valid(&self, conn: &mut Self::Connection) -> Result<(), Error> {
-        if conn.client.is_connected() {
-            return Ok(());
-        }
-        Err(Error::Client("is not connected anymore"))
-    }
-
-    fn has_broken(&self, conn: &mut Self::Connection) -> bool {
-        conn.state.panic
-    }
-}

src/transport/stub/mod.rs

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ pub type StubResult = Result<(), ()>;
 impl<'a> Transport<'a> for StubTransport {
     type Result = StubResult;
 
-    fn send_raw(&mut self, envelope: &Envelope, _email: &[u8]) -> Self::Result {
+    fn send_raw(&self, envelope: &Envelope, _email: &[u8]) -> Self::Result {
         info!(
             "from=<{}> to=<{:?}>",
             match envelope.from() {

tests/r2d2_smtp.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #[cfg(all(test, feature = "smtp-transport", feature = "connection-pool"))]
 mod test {
     use lettre::{
-        ClientSecurity, Email, EmailAddress, Envelope, SmtpClient, SmtpConnectionManager, Transport,
+        Email, EmailAddress, Envelope, SmtpConnectionManager, SmtpTransport, Tls, Transport,
     };
     use r2d2::Pool;
     use std::{sync::mpsc, thread};
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ mod test {
 
     #[test]
     fn send_one() {
-        let client = SmtpClient::new("127.0.0.1:2525", ClientSecurity::None).unwrap();
+        let client = SmtpTransport::new("127.0.0.1:2525", Tls::None).unwrap();
         let manager = SmtpConnectionManager::new(client).unwrap();
         let pool = Pool::builder().max_size(1).build(manager).unwrap();
 
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ mod test {
 
     #[test]
     fn send_from_thread() {
-        let client = SmtpClient::new("127.0.0.1:2525", ClientSecurity::None).unwrap();
+        let client = SmtpTransport::new("127.0.0.1:2525", Tls::None).unwrap();
         let manager = SmtpConnectionManager::new(client).unwrap();
         let pool = Pool::builder().max_size(2).build(manager).unwrap();
 

tests/transport_file.rs

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ mod test {
 
     #[test]
     fn file_transport() {
-        let mut sender = FileTransport::new(temp_dir());
+        let sender = FileTransport::new(temp_dir());
         let email = Message::builder()
             .from("NoBody <nobody@domain.tld>".parse().unwrap())
             .reply_to("Yuin <yuin@domain.tld>".parse().unwrap())

tests/transport_sendmail.rs

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ mod test {
 
     #[test]
     fn sendmail_transport_simple() {
-        let mut sender = SendmailTransport::new();
+        let sender = SendmailTransport::new();
         let email = Message::builder()
             .from("NoBody <nobody@domain.tld>".parse().unwrap())
             .reply_to("Yuin <yuin@domain.tld>".parse().unwrap())

tests/transport_smtp.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #[cfg(test)]
 #[cfg(feature = "smtp-transport")]
 mod test {
-    use lettre::{ClientSecurity, Message, SmtpClient, Transport};
+    use lettre::{Message, SmtpTransport, Transport};
 
     #[test]
     fn smtp_transport_simple() {
@@ -12,9 +12,8 @@ mod test {
             .subject("Happy new year")
             .body("Be happy!")
             .unwrap();
-        SmtpClient::new("127.0.0.1:2525", ClientSecurity::None)
+        SmtpTransport::new("127.0.0.1")
-            .unwrap()
+            .port(2525)
-            .transport()
             .send(&email)
             .unwrap();
     }

tests/transport_stub.rs

@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@ use lettre::{transport::stub::StubTransport, Message, Transport};
 
 #[test]
 fn stub_transport() {
-    let mut sender_ok = StubTransport::new_positive();
+    let sender_ok = StubTransport::new_positive();
-    let mut sender_ko = StubTransport::new(Err(()));
+    let sender_ko = StubTransport::new(Err(()));
     let email = Message::builder()
         .from("NoBody <nobody@domain.tld>".parse().unwrap())
         .reply_to("Yuin <yuin@domain.tld>".parse().unwrap())