diff --git a/vm-image-spec.yaml b/vm-image-spec.yaml
index ee4abad7a0..9f6a83e6f3 100644
--- a/vm-image-spec.yaml
+++ b/vm-image-spec.yaml
@@ -453,7 +453,7 @@ build: |
   # At time of writing (2023-03-14), debian bullseye has a version of cgroup-tools (technically
   # libcgroup) that doesn't support cgroup v2 (version 0.41-11). Unfortunately, the vm-monitor
   # requires cgroup v2, so we'll build cgroup-tools ourselves.
-  FROM debian:bullseye-slim as libcgroup-builder
+  FROM debian:bookworm-slim as libcgroup-builder
   ENV LIBCGROUP_VERSION v2.0.3
 
   RUN set -exu \
@@ -487,7 +487,7 @@ build: |
 
   # Build pgbouncer
   #
-  FROM debian:bullseye-slim AS pgbouncer
+  FROM debian:bookworm-slim AS pgbouncer
   RUN set -e \
       && apt-get update \
       && apt-get install -y \