diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index a9b098a00c..cd6eaae4a3 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -3034,6 +3034,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "tokio-util",
  "toml_edit",
  "tracing",
+ "tracing-chrome",
  "tracing-subscriber",
  "url",
  "utils",
@@ -5270,6 +5271,17 @@ dependencies = [
  "syn 2.0.28",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "tracing-chrome"
+version = "0.7.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "496b3cd5447f7ff527bbbf19b071ad542a000adf297d4127078b4dfdb931f41a"
+dependencies = [
+ "serde_json",
+ "tracing-core",
+ "tracing-subscriber",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "tracing-core"
 version = "0.1.31"
@@ -5557,6 +5569,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "tokio-stream",
  "tokio-util",
  "tracing",
+ "tracing-chrome",
  "tracing-error",
  "tracing-subscriber",
  "url",
diff --git a/control_plane/src/background_process.rs b/control_plane/src/background_process.rs
index 26fc08fc8f..6c18330be3 100644
--- a/control_plane/src/background_process.rs
+++ b/control_plane/src/background_process.rs
@@ -86,7 +86,10 @@ where
         .stdout(process_log_file)
         .stderr(same_file_for_stderr)
         .args(args);
-    let filled_cmd = fill_remote_storage_secrets_vars(fill_rust_env_vars(background_command));
+
+    let filled_cmd = fill_env_vars_prefixed_neon(fill_remote_storage_secrets_vars(
+        fill_rust_env_vars(background_command),
+    ));
     filled_cmd.envs(envs);
 
     let pid_file_to_check = match initial_pid_file {
@@ -253,6 +256,15 @@ fn fill_remote_storage_secrets_vars(mut cmd: &mut Command) -> &mut Command {
     cmd
 }
 
+fn fill_env_vars_prefixed_neon(mut cmd: &mut Command) -> &mut Command {
+    for (var, val) in std::env::vars() {
+        if var.starts_with("NEON_") {
+            cmd = cmd.env(var, val);
+        }
+    }
+    cmd
+}
+
 /// Add a `pre_exec` to the cmd that, inbetween fork() and exec(),
 /// 1. Claims a pidfile with a fcntl lock on it and
 /// 2. Sets up the pidfile's file descriptor so that it (and the lock)
diff --git a/control_plane/src/bin/attachment_service.rs b/control_plane/src/bin/attachment_service.rs
index 16577e27d6..80e86474f4 100644
--- a/control_plane/src/bin/attachment_service.rs
+++ b/control_plane/src/bin/attachment_service.rs
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ fn make_router(persistent_state: PersistentState) -> RouterBuilder<hyper::Body,
 
 #[tokio::main]
 async fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
-    logging::init(
+    let _guard = logging::init(
         LogFormat::Plain,
         logging::TracingErrorLayerEnablement::Disabled,
         logging::Output::Stdout,
diff --git a/libs/remote_storage/tests/test_real_azure.rs b/libs/remote_storage/tests/test_real_azure.rs
index b631079bc5..b48936cabc 100644
--- a/libs/remote_storage/tests/test_real_azure.rs
+++ b/libs/remote_storage/tests/test_real_azure.rs
@@ -278,7 +278,7 @@ async fn azure_upload_download_works(ctx: &mut MaybeEnabledAzure) -> anyhow::Res
 
 fn ensure_logging_ready() {
     LOGGING_DONE.get_or_init(|| {
-        utils::logging::init(
+        let _ = utils::logging::init(
             utils::logging::LogFormat::Test,
             utils::logging::TracingErrorLayerEnablement::Disabled,
             utils::logging::Output::Stdout,
diff --git a/libs/remote_storage/tests/test_real_s3.rs b/libs/remote_storage/tests/test_real_s3.rs
index 48f00e0106..63e74b4597 100644
--- a/libs/remote_storage/tests/test_real_s3.rs
+++ b/libs/remote_storage/tests/test_real_s3.rs
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ async fn s3_delete_objects_works(ctx: &mut MaybeEnabledS3) -> anyhow::Result<()>
 
 fn ensure_logging_ready() {
     LOGGING_DONE.get_or_init(|| {
-        utils::logging::init(
+        let _ = utils::logging::init(
             utils::logging::LogFormat::Test,
             utils::logging::TracingErrorLayerEnablement::Disabled,
             utils::logging::Output::Stdout,
diff --git a/libs/utils/Cargo.toml b/libs/utils/Cargo.toml
index ccf6f4f2d7..ffff9e90a4 100644
--- a/libs/utils/Cargo.toml
+++ b/libs/utils/Cargo.toml
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ const_format.workspace = true
 # to use tokio channels as streams, this is faster to compile than async_stream
 # why is it only here? no other crate should use it, streams are rarely needed.
 tokio-stream = { version = "0.1.14" }
+tracing-chrome = "0.7.1"
 
 [dev-dependencies]
 byteorder.workspace = true
diff --git a/libs/utils/src/logging.rs b/libs/utils/src/logging.rs
index 2f09c2f3ea..7d2c1f9c5d 100644
--- a/libs/utils/src/logging.rs
+++ b/libs/utils/src/logging.rs
@@ -73,11 +73,17 @@ pub enum Output {
     Stderr,
 }
 
+/// Keep alive and drop it before the program terminates.
+#[must_use]
+pub struct FlushGuard {
+    _tracing_chrome_layer: Option<tracing_chrome::FlushGuard>,
+}
+
 pub fn init(
     log_format: LogFormat,
     tracing_error_layer_enablement: TracingErrorLayerEnablement,
     output: Output,
-) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+) -> anyhow::Result<FlushGuard> {
     // We fall back to printing all spans at info-level or above if
     // the RUST_LOG environment variable is not set.
     let rust_log_env_filter = || {
@@ -85,11 +91,41 @@ pub fn init(
             .unwrap_or_else(|_| tracing_subscriber::EnvFilter::new("info"))
     };
 
+    // WIP: lift it up as an argument
+    let enable_tracing_chrome = match std::env::var("NEON_PAGESERVER_ENABLE_TRACING_CHROME") {
+        Ok(s) if s != "0" => true,
+        Ok(_s) => false,
+        Err(std::env::VarError::NotPresent) => false,
+        Err(std::env::VarError::NotUnicode(_)) => {
+            panic!("env var NEON_PAGESERVER_ENABLE_TRACING_CHROME not unicode")
+        }
+    };
+
     // NB: the order of the with() calls does not matter.
     // See https://docs.rs/tracing-subscriber/0.3.16/tracing_subscriber/layer/index.html#per-layer-filtering
     use tracing_subscriber::prelude::*;
-    let r = tracing_subscriber::registry();
-    let r = r.with({
+
+    // https://users.rust-lang.org/t/how-can-i-init-tracing-registry-dynamically-with-multiple-outputs/94307/6
+    #[derive(Default)]
+    struct LayerStack {
+        layers:
+            Option<Box<dyn tracing_subscriber::Layer<tracing_subscriber::Registry> + Sync + Send>>,
+    }
+    impl LayerStack {
+        fn add_layer<L>(&mut self, new_layer: L)
+        where
+            L: tracing_subscriber::Layer<tracing_subscriber::Registry> + Send + Sync,
+        {
+            let new = match self.layers.take() {
+                Some(layers) => Some(layers.and_then(new_layer).boxed()),
+                None => Some(new_layer.boxed()),
+            };
+            self.layers = new;
+        }
+    }
+    let mut layers = LayerStack::default();
+
+    layers.add_layer({
         let log_layer = tracing_subscriber::fmt::layer()
             .with_target(false)
             .with_ansi(false)
@@ -106,15 +142,31 @@ pub fn init(
         };
         log_layer.with_filter(rust_log_env_filter())
     });
-    let r = r.with(TracingEventCountLayer(&TRACING_EVENT_COUNT).with_filter(rust_log_env_filter()));
+
+    layers
+        .add_layer(TracingEventCountLayer(&TRACING_EVENT_COUNT).with_filter(rust_log_env_filter()));
+
+    let tracing_chrome_layer_flush_guard = if enable_tracing_chrome {
+        let (layer, guard) = tracing_chrome::ChromeLayerBuilder::new().build();
+        layers.add_layer(layer);
+        Some(guard)
+    } else {
+        None
+    };
+
     match tracing_error_layer_enablement {
-        TracingErrorLayerEnablement::EnableWithRustLogFilter => r
-            .with(tracing_error::ErrorLayer::default().with_filter(rust_log_env_filter()))
-            .init(),
-        TracingErrorLayerEnablement::Disabled => r.init(),
+        TracingErrorLayerEnablement::EnableWithRustLogFilter => layers
+            .add_layer(tracing_error::ErrorLayer::default().with_filter(rust_log_env_filter())),
+        TracingErrorLayerEnablement::Disabled => (),
     }
 
-    Ok(())
+    let r = tracing_subscriber::registry();
+    r.with(layers.layers.expect("we add at least one layer"))
+        .init();
+
+    Ok(FlushGuard {
+        _tracing_chrome_layer: tracing_chrome_layer_flush_guard,
+    })
 }
 
 /// Disable the default rust panic hook by using `set_hook`.
diff --git a/pageserver/Cargo.toml b/pageserver/Cargo.toml
index 2f2336a578..aff889d20d 100644
--- a/pageserver/Cargo.toml
+++ b/pageserver/Cargo.toml
@@ -84,6 +84,7 @@ strum.workspace = true
 strum_macros.workspace = true
 tokio-stream.workspace = true
 tracing-subscriber = { version = "0.3.17", features = ["env-filter"] }
+tracing-chrome = "0.7.1"
 
 [dev-dependencies]
 criterion.workspace = true
diff --git a/pageserver/pagebench/src/basebackup.rs b/pageserver/pagebench/src/basebackup.rs
index 2beb1f450c..0582b64796 100644
--- a/pageserver/pagebench/src/basebackup.rs
+++ b/pageserver/pagebench/src/basebackup.rs
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ thread_local! {
 }
 
 pub(crate) fn main(args: Args) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
-    logging::init(
+    let _guard = logging::init(
         logging::LogFormat::Plain,
         logging::TracingErrorLayerEnablement::Disabled,
         logging::Output::Stderr,
diff --git a/pageserver/pagebench/src/getpage_latest_lsn.rs b/pageserver/pagebench/src/getpage_latest_lsn.rs
index 61867a13ae..bf302c75e8 100644
--- a/pageserver/pagebench/src/getpage_latest_lsn.rs
+++ b/pageserver/pagebench/src/getpage_latest_lsn.rs
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ thread_local! {
 }
 
 pub(crate) fn main(args: Args) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
-    logging::init(
+    let _guard = logging::init(
         logging::LogFormat::Plain,
         logging::TracingErrorLayerEnablement::Disabled,
         logging::Output::Stderr,
diff --git a/pageserver/src/bin/pageserver.rs b/pageserver/src/bin/pageserver.rs
index f971b0a88d..cb05072e68 100644
--- a/pageserver/src/bin/pageserver.rs
+++ b/pageserver/src/bin/pageserver.rs
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
     } else {
         TracingErrorLayerEnablement::Disabled
     };
-    logging::init(
+    let _guard = logging::init(
         conf.log_format,
         tracing_error_layer_enablement,
         logging::Output::Stdout,
diff --git a/safekeeper/src/bin/safekeeper.rs b/safekeeper/src/bin/safekeeper.rs
index 0b5bb22c8b..58c05ab98d 100644
--- a/safekeeper/src/bin/safekeeper.rs
+++ b/safekeeper/src/bin/safekeeper.rs
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ async fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
     // 1. init logging
     // 2. tracing panic hook
     // 3. sentry
-    logging::init(
+    let _guard = logging::init(
         LogFormat::from_config(&args.log_format)?,
         logging::TracingErrorLayerEnablement::Disabled,
         logging::Output::Stdout,
diff --git a/setup_bench_repo_dir.bash b/setup_bench_repo_dir.bash
index d999717c80..cf1dbfd819 100644
--- a/setup_bench_repo_dir.bash
+++ b/setup_bench_repo_dir.bash
@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@ sudo mount --bind /mnt/bench_repo_dir bench_repo_dir
 
 mkdir /mnt/test_output
 
+mkdir /mnt/many_tenants
+
 echo run the following commands
 
 cat <<EOF
diff --git a/storage_broker/src/bin/storage_broker.rs b/storage_broker/src/bin/storage_broker.rs
index 9f81ac6cac..74f8ee2225 100644
--- a/storage_broker/src/bin/storage_broker.rs
+++ b/storage_broker/src/bin/storage_broker.rs
@@ -431,7 +431,7 @@ async fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
     // 1. init logging
     // 2. tracing panic hook
     // 3. sentry
-    logging::init(
+    let _guard = logging::init(
         LogFormat::from_config(&args.log_format)?,
         logging::TracingErrorLayerEnablement::Disabled,
         logging::Output::Stdout,