workspace_hack is needed to avoid recompilation when different crates
inside the workspace depend on the same packages but with different
features being enabled. Problem occurs when you build crates separately
one by one. So this is irrelevant to our CI setup because there we build
all binaries at once, but it may be relevant for local development.
this also changes cargo's resolver version to 2
This is a backwards-incompatible change. The new pageserver cannot
read repositories created with an old pageserver binary, or vice
versa.
Simplify Repository to a value-store
------------------------------------
Move the responsibility of tracking relation metadata, like which
relations exist and what are their sizes, from Repository to a new
module, pgdatadir_mapping.rs. The interface to Repository is now a
simple key-value PUT/GET operations.
It's still not any old key-value store though. A Repository is still
responsible from handling branching, and every GET operation comes
with an LSN.
Mapping from Postgres data directory to keys/values
---------------------------------------------------
All the data is now stored in the key-value store. The
'pgdatadir_mapping.rs' module handles mapping from PostgreSQL objects
like relation pages and SLRUs, to key-value pairs.
The key to the Repository key-value store is a Key struct, which
consists of a few integer fields. It's wide enough to store a full
RelFileNode, fork and block number, and to distinguish those from
metadata keys.
'pgdatadir_mapping.rs' is also responsible for maintaining a
"partitioning" of the keyspace. Partitioning means splitting the
keyspace so that each partition holds a roughly equal number of keys.
The partitioning is used when new image layer files are created, so
that each image layer file is roughly the same size.
The partitioning is also responsible for reclaiming space used by
deleted keys. The Repository implementation doesn't have any explicit
support for deleting keys. Instead, the deleted keys are simply
omitted from the partitioning, and when a new image layer is created,
the omitted keys are not copied over to the new image layer. We might
want to implement tombstone keys in the future, to reclaim space
faster, but this will work for now.
Changes to low-level layer file code
------------------------------------
The concept of a "segment" is gone. Each layer file can now store an
arbitrary range of Keys.
Checkpointing, compaction
-------------------------
The background tasks are somewhat different now. Whenever
checkpoint_distance is reached, the WAL receiver thread "freezes" the
current in-memory layer, and creates a new one. This is a quick
operation and doesn't perform any I/O yet. It then launches a
background "layer flushing thread" to write the frozen layer to disk,
as a new L0 delta layer. This mechanism takes care of durability. It
replaces the checkpointing thread.
Compaction is a new background operation that takes a bunch of L0
delta layers, and reshuffles the data in them. It runs in a separate
compaction thread.
Deployment
----------
This also contains changes to the ansible scripts that enable having
multiple different pageservers running at the same time in the staging
environment. We will use that to keep an old version of the pageserver
running, for clusters created with the old version, at the same time
with a new pageserver with the new binary.
Author: Heikki Linnakangas
Author: Konstantin Knizhnik <knizhnik@zenith.tech>
Author: Andrey Taranik <andrey@zenith.tech>
Reviewed-by: Matthias Van De Meent <matthias@zenith.tech>
Reviewed-by: Bojan Serafimov <bojan@zenith.tech>
Reviewed-by: Konstantin Knizhnik <knizhnik@zenith.tech>
Reviewed-by: Anton Shyrabokau <antons@zenith.tech>
Reviewed-by: Dhammika Pathirana <dham@zenith.tech>
Reviewed-by: Kirill Bulatov <kirill@zenith.tech>
Reviewed-by: Anastasia Lubennikova <anastasia@zenith.tech>
Reviewed-by: Alexey Kondratov <alexey@zenith.tech>
* Fix checkpoint.nextXid update
* Add test for cehckpoint.nextXid
* Fix indentation of test_next_xid.py
* Fix mypy error in test_next_xid.py
* Tidy up the test case.
* Add a unit test
Co-authored-by: Heikki Linnakangas <heikki@zenith.tech>
Introduce the concept of a "ZenithWalRecord", which can be a Postgres WAL
record that is replayed with the Postgres WAL redo process, or a built-in
type that is handled entirely by pageserver code.
Replace the special code to replay Postgres XACT commit/abort records
with new Zenith WAL records. A separate zenith WAL record is created for
each modified CLOG page. This allows removing the 'main_data_offset'
field from stored PostgreSQL WAL records, which saves some memory and
some disk space in delta layers.
Introduce zenith WAL records for updating bits in the visibility map.
Previously, when e.g. a heap insert cleared the VM bit, we duplicated the
heap insert WAL record for the affected VM page. That was very wasteful.
The heap WAL record could be massive, containing a full page image in
the worst case. This addresses github issue #941.
Move the code for decoding a WAL stream into WAL records into
'postgres_ffi', and keep the code to parse the WAL records deeper in
'pageserver' crate, renamed to walrecord.rs.
This tidies up the dependencies a bit. 'walkeeper' reuses the same
waldecoder routines, and it used to depend on 'pageserver' because of
that. Now it only depends on 'postgres_ffi'.
(The comment in walkeeper/Cargo.toml that claimed that the dependency was
needed for ZTimelineId was obsolete. ZTimelineId is defined in
'zenith_utils', the dependency was actually needed for the waldecoder.)
Change 'zenith.signal' file to a human-readable format, similar to
backup_label. It can contain a "PREV LSN: %X/%X" line, or a special
value to indicate that it's OK to start with invalid LSN ('none'), or
that it's a read-only node and generating WAL is forbidden
('invalid').
The 'zenith pg create' and 'zenith pg start' commands now take a node
name parameter, separate from the branch name. If the node name is not
given, it defaults to the branch name, so this doesn't break existing
scripts.
If you pass "foo@<lsn>" as the branch name, a read-only node anchored
at that LSN is created. The anchoring is performed by setting the
'recovery_target_lsn' option in the postgresql.conf file, and putting
the server into standby mode with 'standby.signal'.
We no longer store the synthetic checkpoint record in the WAL segment.
The postgres startup code has been changed to use the copy of the
checkpoint record in the pg_control file, when starting in zenith
mode.
This adds a fast-path for the common case that the record doesn't
cross a page boundary. We now split off a new Bytes directly from the
original input buffer in that case, instead of copying the record to a
new BytesMut. Shaves about 5% of the page server's CPU time on my
laptop, in the 'test_bulk_insert' test.
Previously, the WAL receiver we would make a decoded copy of the current
Checkpoint before each WAL record, and compare it with the Checkpoint
after the record has been processed. If it has changed, the checkpoint
relish is updated in the repository. That's somewhat expensive, the
Checkpoint::encode() function is visible in 'perf' profile. Change that
so that we set a flag whenever the Checkpoint struct is modified, so that
we dont need to compare the whole struct anymore.
Otherwise restart of safekeeper before the first segment is filled makes it
report 0 as flushed LSN. To this end, tweak find_end_of_wal_segment to allow
starting from given LSN, not only from the start of the segment. While here,
make it less panicky.
Change control plane code to call `postgres --sync-safekeepers` before
compute node start when safekeepers are enabled. Now `pg create` will
create an empty data directory with the proper config file. Subsequent
`pg start` will run `sync-safekeepers` and will call basebackup with
the resulting LSN. Also change few tests to accommodate this new behavior.
In a passing fix two minor issues with basabackup:
* check that we can't create branches with pre-initdb LSN's
* normalize branch LSN's that are pointing to the segment boundary
patch by @knizhnik
closes#506
1) Extract consensus logic to safekeeper.rs.
2) Change the voting flow so that acceptor tells his epoch along with giving
the vote, not before it; otherwise it might get immediately stale. #294
3) Process messages from compute atomically and sync state properly. #270
4) Use separate structs for disk and network.
ref #315
Upgrade to bindgen 0.59, which has two new abilities:
- specify arbitrary #[derive] attributes to attach to generated structs
- request explicit padding fields
These two features are enough to replace transmute with serde/bincode.
Follow PostgreSQL logic: remove Twophase files when prepared transaction is committed/aborted.
Always store Twophase segments as materialized page images (no wal records).
- Add new subdir postgres_ffi/samples/ for config file samples.
- Don't copy wal to the new branch on zenith init or zenith branch.
- Import_timeline_wal on zenith init.
Add back code to parse transaction commit and abort records, and in
particular the list of dropped relations in them. Add 'put_unlink'
function to the Timeline trait and implementation. We had the code to
handle dropped relations in the GC code and elsewhere in ObjectRepository
already, but there was nothing to create the RelationSizeEntry::Unlink
tombstone entries until now. Also add a test to check that GC correctly
removes all page versions of a dropped relation.
Implements https://github.com/zenithdb/zenith/issues/232, except for the
"orphaned" rels.
Reviewed-by: Konstantin Knizhnik
Some of these were related to handling various WAL records that are not
related to any relations, like pg_multixact updates. These should have
been removed in the revert commit 6a9c036ac1, but I missed them.
Also, we didn't anything with commit/abort records. We will start
parsing commit/abort records in the next commit, but seems better to
add that from clean slate.
Reviewed-by: Konstantin Knizhnik
Note the unsafety of the unsafe block, with a link to the ongoing
discussion. This doesn't try to solve the problem, but let's at least
document the status quo.
