diff --git a/locales/rn/en.json b/locales/rn/en.json
index a698f13d..dcaa97d2 100644
--- a/locales/rn/en.json
+++ b/locales/rn/en.json
@@ -72,6 +72,7 @@
       "show_week_numbers_mobile_desc": "Display week numbers in the month view.",
       "time_zone": "Time zone",
       "time_zone_auto": "Device time zone",
+      "time_zone_auto_zone": "Device time zone ({zone})",
       "time_zone_desc": "Zone used for new events and for interpreting the calendar. \"Device\" follows the phone."
     },
     "share": {
@@ -105,6 +106,17 @@
     "undo": "Undo",
     "update": "Update"
   },
+  "contacts": {
+    "address_books": {
+      "confirm_delete_count": "{count, plural, =0 {Delete \"{name}\"? This cannot be undone.} one {Delete \"{name}\"? Its # contact will be deleted with it. This cannot be undone.} other {Delete \"{name}\"? Its # contacts will be deleted with it. This cannot be undone.}}"
+    },
+    "export": {
+      "failed": "Export failed"
+    },
+    "import": {
+      "into_address_book": "Import into address book"
+    }
+  },
   "context_menu": {
     "color_tag": "Tag",
     "remove_color": "Remove tag"
@@ -426,6 +438,15 @@
       "not_implemented": "Not implemented",
       "unavailable": "Unavailable"
     },
+    "contacts": {
+      "book_count": "{count, plural, one {# contact} other {# contacts}}",
+      "default_book": "Default address book",
+      "description_mobile": "Display preferences and address-book tools.",
+      "export_description_count": "{count, plural, one {Export # contact as a single vCard file.} other {Export # contacts as a single vCard file.}}",
+      "export_empty": "No contacts to export",
+      "import_description_mobile": "Import contacts from a vCard (.vcf) file with duplicate detection.",
+      "manage_description_mobile": "Create, rename, and remove the address books that organize your contacts."
+    },
     "downloads": {
       "attachment_template": {
         "description_mobile": "Template used when saving or sharing an attachment."
@@ -451,6 +472,12 @@
       "auto_select_reply_identity": {
         "description_mobile": "Replies always come from the identity a message was sent to. With this on, a reply to another address on your domains (a catch-all alias) is sent from that address too."
       },
+      "content_senders_description_mobile": "Control how external resources and tracking pixels are handled.",
+      "external_content": {
+        "allow_mobile": "Allow",
+        "ask_mobile": "Ask",
+        "block_mobile": "Block"
+      },
       "plain_text_mode": {
         "description_mobile": "Compose and read in plain text only."
       },
@@ -474,6 +501,13 @@
       "swipe_right_action": {
         "description_mobile": "Action when you drag a row from its left edge towards the right.",
         "label_mobile": "Swipe right (left → right)"
+      },
+      "trusted_senders": {
+        "description_mobile": "External content always loads for senders on this list.",
+        "description_synced_mobile": "External content always loads for senders on this list. {count} synced via your address book.",
+        "sync_add_failed": "Could not sync to address book",
+        "sync_remove_failed": "Could not remove from address book",
+        "synced_badge": "Synced via address book"
       }
     },
     "experimental": {
@@ -509,6 +543,7 @@
       "delete_title": "Delete identity",
       "description_mobile": "Manage sender names, email addresses, and signatures. Tap a row to edit.",
       "display_name": "Display name",
+      "display_name_placeholder": "Jane Doe",
       "edit": "Edit identity",
       "email_address": "Email address",
       "email_locked": "JMAP does not allow changing an identity's email; create a new one instead.",
@@ -550,7 +585,9 @@
       "show_folder_total_count": "Show total message count on folders",
       "show_folder_total_count_description": "Show the total next to the unread count in the folder list.",
       "swipe_mode": {
+        "description": "Pick instant (swipe past the threshold to fire the action) or reveal (swipe to expose an action band, then tap to confirm).",
         "instant": "Instant (swipe = action)",
+        "label": "Swipe behavior",
         "reveal": "Reveal (swipe, then tap)"
       },
       "unified_cross_account": "Unified views across accounts",
diff --git a/src/components/__tests__/settings-i18n.test.ts b/src/components/__tests__/settings-i18n.test.ts
index 0141881a..86208132 100644
--- a/src/components/__tests__/settings-i18n.test.ts
+++ b/src/components/__tests__/settings-i18n.test.ts
@@ -1,21 +1,31 @@
 // Settings panes whose every user-visible string goes through t(). A literal
-// English label, description or option label sneaking back in stays English
-// in every locale, so this scans the source for the prop shapes the panes use.
+// English label, description, option label, alert or JSX text sneaking back
+// in stays English in every locale, so this scans the source for them.
 import { describe, it, expect } from 'vitest';
-import { readFileSync } from 'node:fs';
 import { join } from 'node:path';
+import { findUntranslatedLiterals } from './untranslated-literals';
 
-const TRANSLATED_PANES = ['ReadingSettings.tsx'];
-
-// `label="Foo"`, `description='Foo'`, `placeholder="Foo"` and `{ label: 'Foo' }`
-// with a letter in the text (numeric option labels such as '25' are fine).
-const LITERAL_RE = /\b(label|description|title|placeholder)(=|:\s*)(["'`])[^"'`]*[A-Za-z][^"'`]*\3/g;
+// Pane file → texts that stay as they are on purpose.
+const TRANSLATED_PANES: Record<string, string[]> = {
+  'ReadingSettings.tsx': [],
+  'ContactsSettings.tsx': [],
+  'ContentSendersSettings.tsx': [],
+  'LayoutSettings.tsx': [],
+  'CalendarSettings.tsx': [],
+  'IdentitySettings.tsx': [
+    // Example signatures in the placeholders: sample data, not UI text.
+    '--&#10;Jane Doe&#10;Bulwark Mail',
+    '<p><b>Jane Doe</b><br>Bulwark Mail</p>',
+  ],
+  'FilterSettings.tsx': [],
+  'SidebarAppsSettings.tsx': ['https://example.com'],
+  'TemplateSettings.tsx': ['JSON', '{"templates": [...]}'],
+};
 
 describe('translated settings panes', () => {
-  for (const file of TRANSLATED_PANES) {
-    it(`${file} has no hard-coded English labels`, () => {
-      const source = readFileSync(join(__dirname, '..', 'settings', file), 'utf8');
-      const literals = [...source.matchAll(LITERAL_RE)].map((m) => m[0]);
+  for (const [file, allow] of Object.entries(TRANSLATED_PANES)) {
+    it(`${file} has no hard-coded English text`, () => {
+      const literals = findUntranslatedLiterals(join(__dirname, '..', 'settings', file), allow);
       expect(literals).toEqual([]);
     });
   }
diff --git a/src/components/__tests__/untranslated-literals.ts b/src/components/__tests__/untranslated-literals.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..dc2b0b75
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/components/__tests__/untranslated-literals.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+// Shared by the *-i18n tests: finds English text in a component's source that
+// does not go through t(). Such a literal stays English in every locale.
+// Parses the file with the TypeScript compiler instead of matching regexes so
+// multi-line JSX text and ternaries are caught too.
+import { readFileSync } from 'node:fs';
+import ts from 'typescript';
+
+// Props that carry text a user sees or a screen reader reads out.
+const TEXT_PROPS = new Set([
+  'title', 'label', 'description', 'placeholder', 'message', 'subtitle',
+  'accessibilityLabel', 'accessibilityHint', 'confirmText', 'cancelText',
+  'emptyText', 'text', 'dialogTitle',
+]);
+
+// Calls whose string arguments end up on screen.
+const DISPLAY_CALL_RE = /^(Alert\.alert|Alert\.prompt|toast\.(success|error|info|warning)|setError|setStatus)$/;
+
+// A literal counts as English text when it has a word of two or more letters.
+const hasWord = (text: string) => /[A-Za-z]{2,}/.test(text);
+
+function literalText(node: ts.Node): string | null {
+  if (ts.isStringLiteral(node) || ts.isNoSubstitutionTemplateLiteral(node)) return node.text;
+  if (ts.isTemplateExpression(node)) {
+    return [node.head.text, ...node.templateSpans.map((s) => s.literal.text)].join(' ');
+  }
+  return null;
+}
+
+// The string literals an expression can evaluate to directly: `'a'`,
+// `x ? 'a' : 'b'`, `x || 'a'`, `('a')`. Not literals passed into calls.
+function directLiterals(node: ts.Expression): ts.Node[] {
+  if (ts.isParenthesizedExpression(node)) return directLiterals(node.expression);
+  if (ts.isConditionalExpression(node)) return [...directLiterals(node.whenTrue), ...directLiterals(node.whenFalse)];
+  if (ts.isBinaryExpression(node)) {
+    const op = node.operatorToken.kind;
+    if (op === ts.SyntaxKind.BarBarToken || op === ts.SyntaxKind.QuestionQuestionToken || op === ts.SyntaxKind.AmpersandAmpersandToken) {
+      return [...directLiterals(node.left), ...directLiterals(node.right)];
+    }
+    if (op === ts.SyntaxKind.PlusToken) return [...directLiterals(node.left), ...directLiterals(node.right)];
+    return [];
+  }
+  return literalText(node) !== null ? [node] : [];
+}
+
+/**
+ * `file:line  text` for every hard-coded English string in `path`.
+ * `allow` lists texts that are meant to stay as they are (product names,
+ * format patterns).
+ */
+export function findUntranslatedLiterals(path: string, allow: string[] = []): string[] {
+  const source = readFileSync(path, 'utf8');
+  const sf = ts.createSourceFile(path, source, ts.ScriptTarget.Latest, true, ts.ScriptKind.TSX);
+  const found: string[] = [];
+  const report = (node: ts.Node, text: string) => {
+    const trimmed = text.trim();
+    if (!hasWord(trimmed) || allow.includes(trimmed)) return;
+    const { line } = sf.getLineAndCharacterOfPosition(node.getStart(sf));
+    found.push(`${line + 1}  ${JSON.stringify(trimmed)}`);
+  };
+  const reportExpression = (expr: ts.Expression) => {
+    for (const lit of directLiterals(expr)) report(lit, literalText(lit) ?? '');
+  };
+
+  const visit = (node: ts.Node) => {
+    if (ts.isJsxText(node)) {
+      report(node, node.text.replace(/\s+/g, ' '));
+    } else if (ts.isJsxExpression(node) && node.expression && ts.isJsxElement(node.parent)) {
+      // {'Text'} or {cond ? 'A' : 'B'} as a child.
+      reportExpression(node.expression);
+    } else if (ts.isJsxAttribute(node) && TEXT_PROPS.has(node.name.getText(sf)) && node.initializer) {
+      const init = node.initializer;
+      if (ts.isStringLiteral(init)) report(init, init.text);
+      else if (ts.isJsxExpression(init) && init.expression) reportExpression(init.expression);
+    } else if (ts.isPropertyAssignment(node) && TEXT_PROPS.has(node.name.getText(sf))) {
+      reportExpression(node.initializer);
+    } else if (ts.isCallExpression(node) && DISPLAY_CALL_RE.test(node.expression.getText(sf))) {
+      for (const arg of node.arguments) reportExpression(arg);
+    }
+    ts.forEachChild(node, visit);
+  };
+  visit(sf);
+  return found;
+}
diff --git a/src/components/settings/CalendarSettings.tsx b/src/components/settings/CalendarSettings.tsx
index 27217677..fa50d6b8 100644
--- a/src/components/settings/CalendarSettings.tsx
+++ b/src/components/settings/CalendarSettings.tsx
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ export function CalendarSettings() {
     return [
       {
         value: AUTO_TIME_ZONE,
-        label: `${t('calendar.settings.time_zone_auto', 'Device time zone')} (${deviceZone})`,
+        label: t('calendar.settings.time_zone_auto_zone', 'Device time zone ({zone})', { zone: deviceZone }),
       },
       ...[...zones].sort().map((z) => ({ value: z, label: z.replace(/_/g, ' ') })),
     ];
diff --git a/src/components/settings/ContactsSettings.tsx b/src/components/settings/ContactsSettings.tsx
index ea216fb5..da8cb4bc 100644
--- a/src/components/settings/ContactsSettings.tsx
+++ b/src/components/settings/ContactsSettings.tsx
@@ -57,8 +57,12 @@ export function ContactsSettings() {
   const exportable = React.useMemo(() => contacts.filter((cc) => !isGroup(cc)), [contacts]);
   const exportLabel =
     exportable.length === 0
-      ? 'No contacts to export'
-      : `Export ${exportable.length} contact${exportable.length === 1 ? '' : 's'} as a single vCard file.`;
+      ? t('settings.contacts.export_empty', 'No contacts to export')
+      : t(
+        'settings.contacts.export_description_count',
+        '{count, plural, one {Export # contact as a single vCard file.} other {Export # contacts as a single vCard file.}}',
+        { count: exportable.length },
+      );
   // Imports land in the account's default book unless the user picks another.
   const resolvedImportTarget = importTargetBookId ?? getDefaultAddressBookId();
   const importTargetName = books.find((b) => b.id === resolvedImportTarget)?.name;
@@ -69,7 +73,7 @@ export function ContactsSettings() {
     try {
       await setDefaultAddressBook(id);
     } catch (err) {
-      Alert.alert('Could not set default', err instanceof Error ? err.message : 'Unknown error');
+      Alert.alert(t('contacts.address_books.set_default_failed', 'Failed to set default address book'), err instanceof Error ? err.message : t('identities.validation_errors.unknown_error', 'Unknown error'));
     } finally {
       setBusy(false);
     }
@@ -87,13 +91,13 @@ export function ContactsSettings() {
         await Sharing.shareAsync(path, {
           mimeType: 'text/vcard',
           UTI: 'public.vcard',
-          dialogTitle: 'Export contacts',
+          dialogTitle: t('contacts.export.title', 'Export Contacts'),
         });
       } else {
         await Share.share({ message: vcf });
       }
     } catch (err) {
-      Alert.alert('Export failed', err instanceof Error ? err.message : 'Unknown error');
+      Alert.alert(t('contacts.export.failed', 'Export failed'), err instanceof Error ? err.message : t('identities.validation_errors.unknown_error', 'Unknown error'));
     } finally {
       setExporting(false);
     }
@@ -113,7 +117,7 @@ export function ContactsSettings() {
       await renameAddressBook(editingId, name);
       setEditingId(null);
     } catch (err) {
-      Alert.alert('Rename failed', err instanceof Error ? err.message : 'Unknown error');
+      Alert.alert(t('contacts.address_books.rename_failed', 'Failed to rename address book'), err instanceof Error ? err.message : t('identities.validation_errors.unknown_error', 'Unknown error'));
     } finally {
       setBusy(false);
     }
@@ -128,7 +132,7 @@ export function ContactsSettings() {
       setAdding(false);
       setNewName('');
     } catch (err) {
-      Alert.alert('Could not create address book', err instanceof Error ? err.message : 'Unknown error');
+      Alert.alert(t('contacts.address_books.create_failed', 'Failed to create address book'), err instanceof Error ? err.message : t('identities.validation_errors.unknown_error', 'Unknown error'));
     } finally {
       setBusy(false);
     }
@@ -141,19 +145,19 @@ export function ContactsSettings() {
     try {
       await deleteAddressBook(id);
     } catch (err) {
-      Alert.alert('Delete failed', err instanceof Error ? err.message : 'Unknown error');
+      Alert.alert(t('contacts.address_books.delete_failed', 'Failed to delete address book'), err instanceof Error ? err.message : t('identities.validation_errors.unknown_error', 'Unknown error'));
     }
   };
 
   return (
     <>
       <SettingsSection
-        title="Contacts"
-        description="Display preferences and address-book tools."
+        title={t('settings.contacts.title', 'Contacts')}
+        description={t('settings.contacts.description_mobile', 'Display preferences and address-book tools.')}
       >
         <SettingItem
-          label="Group by first letter"
-          description="Show alphabetical section headers in the contacts list."
+          label={t('settings.contacts.group_by_letter_label', 'Group by first letter')}
+          description={t('settings.contacts.group_by_letter_description', 'Show alphabetical section headers in the contact list')}
         >
           <ToggleSwitch checked={groupByLetter} onChange={setGroupByLetter} />
         </SettingItem>
@@ -172,8 +176,8 @@ export function ContactsSettings() {
         </SettingItem>
 
         <SettingItem
-          label="Import contacts"
-          description="Import contacts from a vCard (.vcf) file with duplicate detection."
+          label={t('settings.contacts.import_label', 'Import Contacts')}
+          description={t('settings.contacts.import_description_mobile', 'Import contacts from a vCard (.vcf) file with duplicate detection.')}
         >
           <Button
             variant="outline"
@@ -182,12 +186,12 @@ export function ContactsSettings() {
             onPress={() => setImportOpen(true)}
             disabled={books.length === 0}
           >
-            Import
+            {t('contacts.import.import_button', 'Import')}
           </Button>
         </SettingItem>
 
         <SettingItem
-          label="Export contacts"
+          label={t('settings.contacts.export_label', 'Export Contacts')}
           description={exportLabel}
         >
           <Button
@@ -198,14 +202,14 @@ export function ContactsSettings() {
             disabled={exportable.length === 0 || exporting}
             loading={exporting}
           >
-            Export
+            {t('contacts.bulk.export', 'Export')}
           </Button>
         </SettingItem>
       </SettingsSection>
 
       <SettingsSection
-        title="Address books"
-        description="Create, rename, and remove the address books that organize your contacts."
+        title={t('settings.contacts.manage_title', 'Address Books')}
+        description={t('settings.contacts.manage_description_mobile', 'Create, rename, and remove the address books that organize your contacts.')}
       >
         {books.map((book) => (
           <View key={book.id} style={styles.bookRow}>
@@ -221,10 +225,22 @@ export function ContactsSettings() {
                   onSubmitEditing={() => { void commitRename(); }}
                   placeholderTextColor={c.textMuted}
                 />
-                <Pressable onPress={() => { void commitRename(); }} hitSlop={6} style={styles.iconBtn}>
+                <Pressable
+                  onPress={() => { void commitRename(); }}
+                  hitSlop={6}
+                  style={styles.iconBtn}
+                  accessibilityRole="button"
+                  accessibilityLabel={t('common.save', 'Save')}
+                >
                   <Check size={16} color={c.primary} />
                 </Pressable>
-                <Pressable onPress={() => setEditingId(null)} hitSlop={6} style={styles.iconBtn}>
+                <Pressable
+                  onPress={() => setEditingId(null)}
+                  hitSlop={6}
+                  style={styles.iconBtn}
+                  accessibilityRole="button"
+                  accessibilityLabel={t('common.cancel', 'Cancel')}
+                >
                   <X size={16} color={c.textMuted} />
                 </Pressable>
               </>
@@ -235,8 +251,8 @@ export function ContactsSettings() {
                     {book.isShared && book.accountName ? `${book.name} (${book.accountName})` : book.name}
                   </Text>
                   <Text style={styles.bookCount}>
-                    {book.count} contact{book.count === 1 ? '' : 's'}
-                    {book.isDefault ? ' · Default' : ''}
+                    {t('settings.contacts.book_count', '{count, plural, one {# contact} other {# contacts}}', { count: book.count })}
+                    {book.isDefault ? ` · ${t('contacts.address_books.default', 'Default')}` : ''}
                   </Text>
                 </View>
                 {!book.isShared && (
@@ -245,7 +261,10 @@ export function ContactsSettings() {
                     hitSlop={6}
                     style={styles.iconBtn}
                     disabled={!!book.isDefault}
-                    accessibilityLabel={book.isDefault ? 'Default address book' : 'Set as default'}
+                    accessibilityRole="button"
+                    accessibilityLabel={book.isDefault
+                      ? t('settings.contacts.default_book', 'Default address book')
+                      : t('contacts.address_books.set_default', 'Set as default')}
                   >
                     <Star
                       size={15}
@@ -255,7 +274,13 @@ export function ContactsSettings() {
                   </Pressable>
                 )}
                 {book.myRights?.mayWrite !== false && (
-                  <Pressable onPress={() => startRename(book.id, book.name)} hitSlop={6} style={styles.iconBtn}>
+                  <Pressable
+                    onPress={() => startRename(book.id, book.name)}
+                    hitSlop={6}
+                    style={styles.iconBtn}
+                    accessibilityRole="button"
+                    accessibilityLabel={t('contacts.address_books.rename', 'Rename address book')}
+                  >
                     <Pencil size={15} color={c.textSecondary} />
                   </Pressable>
                 )}
@@ -265,6 +290,8 @@ export function ContactsSettings() {
                     onPress={() => setDeleteTarget({ id: book.id, name: book.name, count: book.count })}
                     hitSlop={6}
                     style={styles.iconBtn}
+                    accessibilityRole="button"
+                    accessibilityLabel={t('contacts.address_books.delete', 'Delete address book')}
                   >
                     <Trash2 size={15} color={c.error} />
                   </Pressable>
@@ -281,7 +308,7 @@ export function ContactsSettings() {
               style={styles.bookInput}
               value={newName}
               onChangeText={setNewName}
-              placeholder="New address book name"
+              placeholder={t('contacts.address_books.name_label', 'Address book name')}
               placeholderTextColor={c.textMuted}
               autoFocus
               returnKeyType="done"
@@ -292,10 +319,18 @@ export function ContactsSettings() {
               disabled={!newName.trim() || busy}
               hitSlop={6}
               style={styles.iconBtn}
+              accessibilityRole="button"
+              accessibilityLabel={t('contacts.address_books.create', 'New address book')}
             >
               <Check size={16} color={c.primary} />
             </Pressable>
-            <Pressable onPress={() => { setAdding(false); setNewName(''); }} hitSlop={6} style={styles.iconBtn}>
+            <Pressable
+              onPress={() => { setAdding(false); setNewName(''); }}
+              hitSlop={6}
+              style={styles.iconBtn}
+              accessibilityRole="button"
+              accessibilityLabel={t('common.cancel', 'Cancel')}
+            >
               <X size={16} color={c.textMuted} />
             </Pressable>
           </View>
@@ -303,9 +338,10 @@ export function ContactsSettings() {
           <Pressable
             style={styles.addRow}
             onPress={() => { setEditingId(null); setAdding(true); }}
+            accessibilityRole="button"
           >
             <Plus size={16} color={c.primary} />
-            <Text style={styles.addLabel}>New address book</Text>
+            <Text style={styles.addLabel}>{t('contacts.address_books.create', 'New address book')}</Text>
           </Pressable>
         )}
 
@@ -315,7 +351,7 @@ export function ContactsSettings() {
             size="sm"
             onPress={() => { void fetchAddressBooks(); void fetchContacts(); }}
           >
-            Refresh
+            {t('common.refresh', 'Refresh')}
           </Button>
         </View>
       </SettingsSection>
@@ -333,20 +369,24 @@ export function ContactsSettings() {
         visible={importTargetOpen}
         onClose={() => setImportTargetOpen(false)}
         currentBookId={resolvedImportTarget}
-        title="Import into address book"
+        title={t('contacts.import.into_address_book', 'Import into address book')}
         onPick={(id) => { setImportTargetBookId(id); setImportTargetOpen(false); }}
       />
 
       <Dialog
         visible={deleteTarget !== null}
-        title="Delete address book"
+        title={t('contacts.address_books.delete', 'Delete address book')}
         message={
           deleteTarget
-            ? `Delete "${deleteTarget.name}"?${deleteTarget.count > 0 ? ` Its ${deleteTarget.count} contact${deleteTarget.count === 1 ? '' : 's'} will be deleted with it.` : ''} This cannot be undone.`
+            ? t(
+              'contacts.address_books.confirm_delete_count',
+              '{count, plural, =0 {Delete "{name}"? This cannot be undone.} one {Delete "{name}"? Its # contact will be deleted with it. This cannot be undone.} other {Delete "{name}"? Its # contacts will be deleted with it. This cannot be undone.}}',
+              { name: deleteTarget.name, count: deleteTarget.count },
+            )
             : ''
         }
         variant="destructive"
-        confirmText="Delete"
+        confirmText={t('common.delete', 'Delete')}
         onConfirm={() => { void confirmDelete(); }}
         onCancel={() => setDeleteTarget(null)}
       />
diff --git a/src/components/settings/ContentSendersSettings.tsx b/src/components/settings/ContentSendersSettings.tsx
index a356a980..88a892c4 100644
--- a/src/components/settings/ContentSendersSettings.tsx
+++ b/src/components/settings/ContentSendersSettings.tsx
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import { useColors } from '../../theme/colors';
 import { useSettingsStore, type ExternalContentPolicy } from '../../stores/settings-store';
 import { useContactsStore } from '../../stores/contacts-store';
 import { useHasContacts } from '../../lib/capabilities';
+import { useLocaleStore } from '../../stores/locale-store';
 
 interface TrustedRow {
   email: string;
@@ -22,6 +23,7 @@ interface TrustedRow {
 export function ContentSendersSettings() {
   const c = useColors();
   const styles = React.useMemo(() => makeStyles(c), [c]);
+  const t = useLocaleStore((s) => s.t);
   const externalContentPolicy = useSettingsStore((s) => s.externalContentPolicy);
   const setExternalContentPolicy = useSettingsStore((s) => s.setExternalContentPolicy);
   const emailAlwaysLightMode = useSettingsStore((s) => s.emailAlwaysLightMode);
@@ -77,7 +79,11 @@ export function ContentSendersSettings() {
   }, [trustedSenders, trustedSenderEmails, syncEnabled]);
 
   const trustedCount = rows.length;
-  const trustedLabel = trustedCount === 0 ? 'None' : trustedCount === 1 ? '1 sender' : `${trustedCount} senders`;
+  const trustedLabel = trustedCount === 0
+    ? t('settings.email_behavior.trusted_senders.count_zero', 'None')
+    : trustedCount === 1
+      ? t('settings.email_behavior.trusted_senders.count_one', '1 sender')
+      : t('settings.email_behavior.trusted_senders.count_other', '{count} senders', { count: trustedCount });
   const syncedCount = rows.filter((r) => r.synced).length;
 
   const handleAdd = async () => {
@@ -90,7 +96,10 @@ export function ContentSendersSettings() {
       try {
         await addToTrustedSendersBook(value);
       } catch (err) {
-        Alert.alert('Could not sync to address book', err instanceof Error ? err.message : 'Unknown error');
+        Alert.alert(
+          t('settings.email_behavior.trusted_senders.sync_add_failed', 'Could not sync to address book'),
+          err instanceof Error ? err.message : t('identities.validation_errors.unknown_error', 'Unknown error'),
+        );
       } finally {
         setBusy(null);
       }
@@ -104,7 +113,10 @@ export function ContentSendersSettings() {
       try {
         await removeFromTrustedSendersBook(row.email);
       } catch (err) {
-        Alert.alert('Could not remove from address book', err instanceof Error ? err.message : 'Unknown error');
+        Alert.alert(
+          t('settings.email_behavior.trusted_senders.sync_remove_failed', 'Could not remove from address book'),
+          err instanceof Error ? err.message : t('identities.validation_errors.unknown_error', 'Unknown error'),
+        );
       } finally {
         setBusy(null);
       }
@@ -114,41 +126,46 @@ export function ContentSendersSettings() {
   return (
     <View style={{ gap: spacing.xxxl }}>
       <SettingsSection
-        title="Content & Senders"
-        description="Control how external resources and tracking pixels are handled."
+        title={t('settings.tabs.content_senders', 'Content & Senders')}
+        description={t('settings.email_behavior.content_senders_description_mobile', 'Control how external resources and tracking pixels are handled.')}
       >
         <SettingItem
-          label="External content"
-          description="What to do when an email links to remote images or media."
+          label={t('settings.email_behavior.external_content.label', 'External Content')}
+          description={t('settings.email_behavior.external_content.description', 'How to handle images and external content')}
         >
           <RadioGroup
             value={externalContentPolicy}
             onChange={(v) => setExternalContentPolicy(v as ExternalContentPolicy)}
             options={[
-              { value: 'ask', label: 'Ask' },
-              { value: 'block', label: 'Block' },
-              { value: 'allow', label: 'Allow' },
+              { value: 'ask', label: t('settings.email_behavior.external_content.ask_mobile', 'Ask') },
+              { value: 'block', label: t('settings.email_behavior.external_content.block_mobile', 'Block') },
+              { value: 'allow', label: t('settings.email_behavior.external_content.allow_mobile', 'Allow') },
             ]}
           />
         </SettingItem>
 
         <SettingItem
-          label="Always view emails in light mode"
-          description="Force a light background for the message body, even when the app is in dark mode."
+          label={t('settings.email_behavior.always_light_mode.label', 'Always Show Emails in Light Mode')}
+          description={t('settings.email_behavior.always_light_mode.description', 'Render email content in light mode even when the app is in dark mode, avoiding dark mode conversion issues')}
         >
           <ToggleSwitch checked={emailAlwaysLightMode} onChange={setEmailAlwaysLightMode} />
         </SettingItem>
 
         <SettingItem
-          label="Trusted senders"
+          label={t('settings.email_behavior.trusted_senders.label', 'Trusted Senders')}
           description={
             syncEnabled && syncedCount > 0
-              ? `External content always loads for senders on this list. ${syncedCount} synced via your address book.`
-              : 'External content always loads for senders on this list.'
+              ? t(
+                'settings.email_behavior.trusted_senders.description_synced_mobile',
+                'External content always loads for senders on this list. {count} synced via your address book.',
+                { count: syncedCount },
+              )
+              : t('settings.email_behavior.trusted_senders.description_mobile', 'External content always loads for senders on this list.')
           }
         >
           <Pressable
             onPress={() => setModalOpen(true)}
+            accessibilityRole="button"
             style={({ pressed }) => [styles.trustedButton, pressed && styles.trustedButtonPressed]}
           >
             <Text style={styles.trustedButtonText}>{trustedLabel}</Text>
@@ -158,8 +175,8 @@ export function ContentSendersSettings() {
 
         {hasContacts && (
           <SettingItem
-            label="Sync trusted senders to address book"
-            description='Keep the list in a "Trusted Senders" address book so it is shared with the webmail and your other devices.'
+            label={t('settings.email_behavior.trusted_senders.use_address_book_label', 'Sync with address book')}
+            description={t('settings.email_behavior.trusted_senders.use_address_book_description', 'Store trusted senders in a dedicated "Trusted Senders" address book so they sync across all your devices')}
           >
             <ToggleSwitch
               checked={!!trustedSendersAddressBook}
@@ -181,8 +198,13 @@ export function ContentSendersSettings() {
         <Pressable style={styles.modalBackdrop} onPress={() => setModalOpen(false)}>
           <Pressable style={styles.modalCard} onPress={() => {}}>
             <View style={styles.modalHeader}>
-              <Text style={styles.modalTitle}>Trusted senders</Text>
-              <Pressable onPress={() => setModalOpen(false)} hitSlop={6}>
+              <Text style={styles.modalTitle}>{t('settings.email_behavior.trusted_senders.modal_title', 'Trusted Senders')}</Text>
+              <Pressable
+                onPress={() => setModalOpen(false)}
+                hitSlop={6}
+                accessibilityRole="button"
+                accessibilityLabel={t('settings.email_behavior.trusted_senders.close', 'Close')}
+              >
                 <X size={18} color={c.textSecondary} />
               </Pressable>
             </View>
@@ -191,7 +213,7 @@ export function ContentSendersSettings() {
               <TextInput
                 value={newSender}
                 onChangeText={setNewSender}
-                placeholder="sender@example.com"
+                placeholder={t('settings.email_behavior.trusted_senders.add_placeholder', 'Enter email address')}
                 placeholderTextColor={c.textMuted}
                 autoCapitalize="none"
                 autoCorrect={false}
@@ -206,15 +228,15 @@ export function ContentSendersSettings() {
                 disabled={!newSender.trim()}
                 icon={<Plus size={14} color={c.primaryForeground} />}
               >
-                Add
+                {t('settings.email_behavior.trusted_senders.add_button', 'Add')}
               </Button>
             </View>
 
             {rows.length === 0 ? (
               <Text style={styles.emptyText}>
                 {syncEnabled && !trustedSendersLoaded
-                  ? 'Loading…'
-                  : 'No trusted senders yet.'}
+                  ? t('common.loading', 'Loading...')
+                  : t('settings.email_behavior.trusted_senders.empty_title', 'No trusted senders yet')}
               </Text>
             ) : (
               <FlatList
@@ -226,7 +248,7 @@ export function ContentSendersSettings() {
                   <View style={styles.row}>
                     <Text style={styles.rowText} numberOfLines={1}>{item.email}</Text>
                     {item.synced && (
-                      <View style={styles.syncedBadge} accessibilityLabel="Synced via address book">
+                      <View style={styles.syncedBadge} accessibilityLabel={t('settings.email_behavior.trusted_senders.synced_badge', 'Synced via address book')}>
                         <BookUser size={12} color={c.textMuted} />
                       </View>
                     )}
@@ -234,6 +256,8 @@ export function ContentSendersSettings() {
                       onPress={() => { void handleRemove(item); }}
                       disabled={busy === item.email}
                       hitSlop={6}
+                      accessibilityRole="button"
+                      accessibilityLabel={t('settings.email_behavior.trusted_senders.remove', 'Remove')}
                       style={({ pressed }) => [styles.removeBtn, pressed && styles.removeBtnPressed]}
                     >
                       <Trash2 size={16} color={busy === item.email ? c.textMuted : c.error} />
diff --git a/src/components/settings/IdentitySettings.tsx b/src/components/settings/IdentitySettings.tsx
index d951df0b..898f3a9a 100644
--- a/src/components/settings/IdentitySettings.tsx
+++ b/src/components/settings/IdentitySettings.tsx
@@ -314,7 +314,7 @@ export function IdentitySettings() {
               <TextInput
                 value={editing?.name ?? ''}
                 onChangeText={(name) => setEditing((d) => (d ? { ...d, name } : d))}
-                placeholder="Jane Doe"
+                placeholder={t('settings.identities.display_name_placeholder', 'Jane Doe')}
                 placeholderTextColor={c.textMuted}
                 style={styles.input}
               />
@@ -322,7 +322,7 @@ export function IdentitySettings() {
               <TextInput
                 value={editing?.email ?? ''}
                 onChangeText={(email) => setEditing((d) => (d ? { ...d, email } : d))}
-                placeholder="jane@example.com"
+                placeholder={t('identities.form.email_placeholder', 'your.email@example.com')}
                 placeholderTextColor={c.textMuted}
                 style={[styles.input, !!editing?.id && styles.inputDisabled]}
                 editable={!editing?.id}
diff --git a/src/components/settings/LayoutSettings.tsx b/src/components/settings/LayoutSettings.tsx
index a5c6fcef..7d63302c 100644
--- a/src/components/settings/LayoutSettings.tsx
+++ b/src/components/settings/LayoutSettings.tsx
@@ -189,10 +189,12 @@ export function LayoutSettings() {
       </View>
 
       <View style={{ gap: spacing.sm, marginTop: spacing.lg }}>
-        <Text style={styles.rowLabel}>Swipe behavior</Text>
+        <Text style={styles.rowLabel}>{t('settings.layout.swipe_mode.label', 'Swipe behavior')}</Text>
         <Text style={styles.rowDescription}>
-          Pick instant (swipe past the threshold to fire the action) or reveal
-          (swipe to expose an action band, then tap to confirm).
+          {t(
+            'settings.layout.swipe_mode.description',
+            'Pick instant (swipe past the threshold to fire the action) or reveal (swipe to expose an action band, then tap to confirm).',
+          )}
         </Text>
         <RadioGroup
           value={swipeMode}