diff --git a/src/renderer/src/components/status-bar/StatusBar.tsx b/src/renderer/src/components/status-bar/StatusBar.tsx
index b6ca7b795c0..3929d01e000 100644
--- a/src/renderer/src/components/status-bar/StatusBar.tsx
+++ b/src/renderer/src/components/status-bar/StatusBar.tsx
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ import type {
   RateLimitRuntimeTarget,
   RateLimitWindow
 } from '../../../../shared/rate-limit-types'
-import { ProviderIcon, ProviderPanel, barColor } from './tooltip'
+import { ProviderIcon, ProviderPanel, barColor, getProviderUsageStatusLabel } from './tooltip'
 import { ClaudeIcon, GeminiIcon, OpenAIIcon, OpenCodeGoIcon } from './icons'
 import { AgentIcon } from '@/lib/agent-catalog'
 import { formatWindowLabel } from '@/lib/window-label-formatter'
@@ -1024,7 +1024,7 @@ function ProviderSegment({
   compact: boolean
 }): React.JSX.Element {
   const provider = p?.provider ?? 'claude'
-  const statusLabel = p?.error && /rate limit/i.test(p.error) ? 'Limited' : 'Unavailable'
+  const statusLabel = p ? getProviderUsageStatusLabel(p) : ''
 
   // Idle / initial load
   if (!p || p.status === 'idle') {
diff --git a/src/renderer/src/components/status-bar/tooltip.test.ts b/src/renderer/src/components/status-bar/tooltip.test.ts
index d28c4fae2fd..8378f68449b 100644
--- a/src/renderer/src/components/status-bar/tooltip.test.ts
+++ b/src/renderer/src/components/status-bar/tooltip.test.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,23 @@
 import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
 import type { ProviderRateLimits } from '../../../../shared/rate-limit-types'
-import { formatResetCountdown, getWindowSections } from './tooltip'
+import {
+  formatResetCountdown,
+  getProviderUsageErrorMessage,
+  getProviderUsageStatusLabel,
+  getWindowSections
+} from './tooltip'
+
+function provider(overrides: Partial<ProviderRateLimits> = {}): ProviderRateLimits {
+  return {
+    provider: 'claude',
+    session: null,
+    weekly: null,
+    updatedAt: 0,
+    error: null,
+    status: 'error',
+    ...overrides
+  }
+}
 
 describe('formatResetCountdown', () => {
   it('uses natural copy when the reset time has arrived', () => {
@@ -13,6 +30,101 @@ describe('formatResetCountdown', () => {
   })
 })
 
+describe('provider usage error copy', () => {
+  it('frames Claude auth-shaped usage failures as usage refresh failures', () => {
+    const p = provider({ error: 'Invalid authentication credentials' })
+
+    expect(getProviderUsageStatusLabel(p)).toBe('Refresh failed')
+    expect(getProviderUsageErrorMessage(p)).toBe(
+      'Claude usage could not be refreshed. Agent sessions may still be signed in.'
+    )
+  })
+
+  it('frames provider credential and session failures without showing raw auth details', () => {
+    const codex = provider({
+      provider: 'codex',
+      error:
+        'Your access token could not be refreshed because your refresh token was already used. Please log out and sign in again.'
+    })
+    const gemini = provider({
+      provider: 'gemini',
+      error: 'Gemini CLI credentials not found'
+    })
+
+    expect(getProviderUsageStatusLabel(codex)).toBe('Refresh failed')
+    expect(getProviderUsageErrorMessage(codex)).toBe(
+      'Codex usage could not be refreshed. Agent sessions may still be signed in.'
+    )
+    expect(getProviderUsageErrorMessage(gemini)).toBe(
+      'Gemini usage could not be refreshed. Agent sessions may still be signed in.'
+    )
+  })
+
+  it('frames credential-file and login failures as auth-shaped usage failures', () => {
+    const kimi = provider({
+      provider: 'kimi',
+      error: 'Kimi credentials-file is invalid'
+    })
+    const opencodeGo = provider({
+      provider: 'opencode-go',
+      error: 'Please log in before refreshing usage.'
+    })
+
+    expect(getProviderUsageErrorMessage(kimi)).toBe(
+      'Kimi usage could not be refreshed. Agent sessions may still be signed in.'
+    )
+    expect(getProviderUsageErrorMessage(opencodeGo)).toBe(
+      'OpenCode Go usage could not be refreshed. Agent sessions may still be signed in.'
+    )
+  })
+
+  it('frames known Codex auth refresh failures as auth-shaped usage failures', () => {
+    const cases = [
+      'Please reauthenticate before checking usage.',
+      'Not logged in.',
+      'Token data is not available.',
+      'Auth is missing.',
+      'Auth tokens are missing.',
+      'Auth does not expose access tokens.'
+    ]
+
+    for (const error of cases) {
+      expect(getProviderUsageErrorMessage(provider({ provider: 'codex', error }))).toBe(
+        'Codex usage could not be refreshed. Agent sessions may still be signed in.'
+      )
+    }
+  })
+
+  it('keeps rate-limit failures distinct from refresh failures', () => {
+    const p = provider({ error: 'Claude usage is rate limited right now.' })
+
+    expect(getProviderUsageStatusLabel(p)).toBe('Limited')
+    expect(getProviderUsageErrorMessage(p)).toBe('Claude usage is rate limited right now.')
+  })
+
+  it('lets rate-limit copy win when the detail also mentions auth', () => {
+    const p = provider({
+      error: 'Rate limit reached while refreshing OAuth access token.'
+    })
+
+    expect(getProviderUsageStatusLabel(p)).toBe('Limited')
+    expect(getProviderUsageErrorMessage(p)).toBe(
+      'Rate limit reached while refreshing OAuth access token.'
+    )
+  })
+
+  it('keeps generic OAuth and network failures as raw refresh details', () => {
+    const oauth = provider({ error: 'OAuth API returned 500' })
+    const network = provider({ error: 'Network error while refreshing OAuth usage: ECONNRESET' })
+
+    expect(getProviderUsageStatusLabel(oauth)).toBe('Refresh failed')
+    expect(getProviderUsageErrorMessage(oauth)).toBe('OAuth API returned 500')
+    expect(getProviderUsageErrorMessage(network)).toBe(
+      'Network error while refreshing OAuth usage: ECONNRESET'
+    )
+  })
+})
+
 describe('getWindowSections', () => {
   it('returns buckets as sections when present', () => {
     const p: ProviderRateLimits = {
diff --git a/src/renderer/src/components/status-bar/tooltip.tsx b/src/renderer/src/components/status-bar/tooltip.tsx
index 6e720f88ce4..2078d30bda3 100644
--- a/src/renderer/src/components/status-bar/tooltip.tsx
+++ b/src/renderer/src/components/status-bar/tooltip.tsx
@@ -63,12 +63,90 @@ export function ProviderIcon({ provider }: { provider: string }): React.JSX.Elem
   return <ClaudeIcon size={13} />
 }
 
+export function getProviderDisplayName(provider: ProviderRateLimits['provider']): string {
+  if (provider === 'claude') {
+    return 'Claude'
+  }
+  if (provider === 'codex') {
+    return 'Codex'
+  }
+  if (provider === 'gemini') {
+    return 'Gemini'
+  }
+  if (provider === 'opencode-go') {
+    return 'OpenCode Go'
+  }
+  if (provider === 'kimi') {
+    return 'Kimi'
+  }
+  return provider
+}
+
+function isUsageRateLimitError(message: string | null): boolean {
+  return Boolean(message && /\brate[- ]?limits?\b|\brate[- ]?limited\b/i.test(message))
+}
+
+const USAGE_AUTH_ERROR_PATTERNS = [
+  // Why: "OAuth" can be an upstream route label; only credential/session wording
+  // should hide raw details behind the softer usage-refresh copy.
+  /\binvalid (?:authentication )?credentials?\b/i,
+  /\b(?:no|missing|invalid|expired|stale|unavailable) (?:oauth )?(?:access token|refresh token|token|credentials?|auth(?:entication)? session|auth cookie)\b/i,
+  /\b(?:access token|refresh token|token|credentials?|auth(?:entication)? session|auth cookie) (?:is |are |was |were |could not be |cannot be |can't be )?(?:missing|unavailable|invalid|expired|stale|used|refreshed|loaded|found)\b/i,
+  /\bcredentials?[ -]file (?:is |was )?(?:missing|unavailable|invalid|expired|stale)\b/i,
+  /\b(?:access token|refresh token|token|credentials?|auth(?:entication)? session|auth cookie) not (?:found|available)\b/i,
+  /\b(?:token data|tokens?) (?:is |are )?not available\b/i,
+  /\bauth (?:is missing|tokens are missing|does not expose)\b/i,
+  /\bunauthori[sz]ed\b/i,
+  /\bunauthenticated\b/i,
+  /\bplease reauthenticate\b/i,
+  /\bsign in\b/i,
+  /\blogged in to another account\b/i,
+  /\bnot logged in\b/i,
+  /\blog[ -]?in\b/i,
+  /\blog(?:ged)? out\b/i
+]
+
+function isUsageAuthError(message: string | null): boolean {
+  return Boolean(message && USAGE_AUTH_ERROR_PATTERNS.some((pattern) => pattern.test(message)))
+}
+
+export function getProviderUsageStatusLabel(p: ProviderRateLimits): string {
+  if (isUsageRateLimitError(p.error)) {
+    return translate('auto.components.status.bar.tooltip.7ad719c4bf', 'Limited')
+  }
+  return translate('auto.components.status.bar.tooltip.e740f92596', 'Refresh failed')
+}
+
+export function getProviderUsageErrorMessage(p: ProviderRateLimits): string {
+  const fallback = translate(
+    'auto.components.status.bar.tooltip.2c35eca8d4',
+    'Unable to fetch usage'
+  )
+  if (!p.error) {
+    return fallback
+  }
+  if (isUsageRateLimitError(p.error)) {
+    return p.error
+  }
+  if (isUsageAuthError(p.error)) {
+    const name = getProviderDisplayName(p.provider)
+    return translate(
+      'auto.components.status.bar.tooltip.8418ec448d',
+      '{{value0}} usage could not be refreshed. Agent sessions may still be signed in.',
+      { value0: name }
+    )
+  }
+  return p.error
+}
+
 function ErrorMessage({
   message,
+  label,
   stale = false,
   inverted = false
 }: {
   message: string
+  label?: string
   /** When true, prior data is still visible — show a softer "refresh failed" label. */
   stale?: boolean
   inverted?: boolean
@@ -84,7 +162,7 @@ function ErrorMessage({
               'auto.components.status.bar.tooltip.a9a318b7a3',
               'Refresh failed — showing cached data'
             )
-          : translate('auto.components.status.bar.tooltip.7567cd1c6b', 'Usage unavailable')}
+          : (label ?? translate('auto.components.status.bar.tooltip.e740f92596', 'Refresh failed'))}
       </div>
       <div className={detailClass}>{message}</div>
     </div>
@@ -171,18 +249,7 @@ export function ProviderPanel({
     )
   }
 
-  const name =
-    p.provider === 'claude'
-      ? 'Claude'
-      : p.provider === 'codex'
-        ? 'Codex'
-        : p.provider === 'gemini'
-          ? 'Gemini'
-          : p.provider === 'opencode-go'
-            ? 'OpenCode Go'
-            : p.provider === 'kimi'
-              ? 'Kimi'
-              : p.provider
+  const name = getProviderDisplayName(p.provider)
 
   if (p.status === 'unavailable') {
     return (
@@ -207,10 +274,8 @@ export function ProviderPanel({
         </div>
         <div className="mt-2">
           <ErrorMessage
-            message={
-              p.error ??
-              translate('auto.components.status.bar.tooltip.2c35eca8d4', 'Unable to fetch usage')
-            }
+            label={getProviderUsageStatusLabel(p)}
+            message={getProviderUsageErrorMessage(p)}
             inverted={inverted}
           />
         </div>
diff --git a/src/renderer/src/i18n/locales/en.json b/src/renderer/src/i18n/locales/en.json
index 2ca83e675fa..3afdc97ec78 100644
--- a/src/renderer/src/i18n/locales/en.json
+++ b/src/renderer/src/i18n/locales/en.json
@@ -2692,7 +2692,10 @@
             "2c35eca8d4": "Unable to fetch usage",
             "1292d4f2ee": "Unavailable",
             "7567cd1c6b": "Usage unavailable",
-            "a9a318b7a3": "Refresh failed — showing cached data"
+            "a9a318b7a3": "Refresh failed — showing cached data",
+            "7ad719c4bf": "Limited",
+            "e740f92596": "Refresh failed",
+            "8418ec448d": "{{value0}} usage could not be refreshed. Agent sessions may still be signed in."
           }
         }
       },
diff --git a/src/renderer/src/i18n/locales/es.json b/src/renderer/src/i18n/locales/es.json
index 5f5b9b8324e..0447a08236c 100644
--- a/src/renderer/src/i18n/locales/es.json
+++ b/src/renderer/src/i18n/locales/es.json
@@ -2692,7 +2692,10 @@
             "2c35eca8d4": "No se puede recuperar el uso",
             "1292d4f2ee": "Indisponible",
             "7567cd1c6b": "Uso no disponible",
-            "a9a318b7a3": "Error al actualizar: se muestran datos almacenados en caché"
+            "a9a318b7a3": "Error al actualizar: se muestran datos almacenados en caché",
+            "7ad719c4bf": "Limitado",
+            "e740f92596": "Error al actualizar",
+            "8418ec448d": "No se pudo actualizar el uso de {{value0}}. Es posible que las sesiones de agente sigan iniciadas."
           }
         }
       },
diff --git a/src/renderer/src/i18n/locales/ja.json b/src/renderer/src/i18n/locales/ja.json
index 0262ef0db28..8f6d659b6a0 100644
--- a/src/renderer/src/i18n/locales/ja.json
+++ b/src/renderer/src/i18n/locales/ja.json
@@ -2692,7 +2692,10 @@
             "2c35eca8d4": "使用状況を取得できません",
             "1292d4f2ee": "利用不可",
             "7567cd1c6b": "使用不可",
-            "a9a318b7a3": "更新に失敗しました - キャッシュされたデータが表示されています"
+            "a9a318b7a3": "更新に失敗しました - キャッシュされたデータが表示されています",
+            "7ad719c4bf": "制限中",
+            "e740f92596": "更新に失敗しました",
+            "8418ec448d": "{{value0}} の使用状況を更新できませんでした。エージェントセッションは引き続きサインイン済みの場合があります。"
           }
         }
       },
diff --git a/src/renderer/src/i18n/locales/ko.json b/src/renderer/src/i18n/locales/ko.json
index ce54481c0f1..c96a5033128 100644
--- a/src/renderer/src/i18n/locales/ko.json
+++ b/src/renderer/src/i18n/locales/ko.json
@@ -2692,7 +2692,10 @@
             "2c35eca8d4": "사용량을 가져올 수 없습니다.",
             "1292d4f2ee": "없는",
             "7567cd1c6b": "이용불가",
-            "a9a318b7a3": "새로 고침 실패 - 캐시된 데이터 표시"
+            "a9a318b7a3": "새로 고침 실패 - 캐시된 데이터 표시",
+            "7ad719c4bf": "제한됨",
+            "e740f92596": "새로 고침 실패",
+            "8418ec448d": "{{value0}} 사용량을 새로 고칠 수 없습니다. 에이전트 세션은 여전히 로그인되어 있을 수 있습니다."
           }
         }
       },
diff --git a/src/renderer/src/i18n/locales/zh.json b/src/renderer/src/i18n/locales/zh.json
index 78bac899cf7..a2e7de65181 100644
--- a/src/renderer/src/i18n/locales/zh.json
+++ b/src/renderer/src/i18n/locales/zh.json
@@ -2692,7 +2692,10 @@
             "2c35eca8d4": "无法获取使用情况",
             "1292d4f2ee": "不可用",
             "7567cd1c6b": "无法使用",
-            "a9a318b7a3": "刷新失败——显示缓存数据"
+            "a9a318b7a3": "刷新失败——显示缓存数据",
+            "7ad719c4bf": "受限",
+            "e740f92596": "刷新失败",
+            "8418ec448d": "无法刷新 {{value0}} 使用情况。代理会话可能仍已登录。"
           }
         }
       },