diff --git a/mobile/src/session/mobile-structured-agent-session-host-support.test.ts b/mobile/src/session/mobile-structured-agent-session-host-support.test.ts
index fde0d2ac70a..643c6ccee80 100644
--- a/mobile/src/session/mobile-structured-agent-session-host-support.test.ts
+++ b/mobile/src/session/mobile-structured-agent-session-host-support.test.ts
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import {
   AGENT_SESSION_REPEATED_STOP_RUNTIME_CAPABILITY
 } from '../../../src/shared/protocol-version'
 import { AGENT_SESSION_SEND_OPTIONS_RUNTIME_CAPABILITY } from '../../../src/shared/agent-session-create-capabilities'
+import { AGENT_SESSION_PERMISSION_MODES_RUNTIME_CAPABILITY } from '../../../src/shared/agent-session-permission-modes-capability'
 import { structuredAgentSessionHostSupport } from './mobile-structured-agent-session-host-support'
 
 describe('structuredAgentSessionHostSupport', () => {
@@ -21,7 +22,8 @@ describe('structuredAgentSessionHostSupport', () => {
       quietRepeatedStop: false,
       statusFeed: false,
       sendOptions: false,
-      conversationStop: false
+      conversationStop: false,
+      permissionModes: false
     }
     expect(structuredAgentSessionHostSupport([])).toEqual(none)
     expect(
@@ -48,5 +50,8 @@ describe('structuredAgentSessionHostSupport', () => {
     expect(
       structuredAgentSessionHostSupport([AGENT_SESSION_CONVERSATION_STOP_RUNTIME_CAPABILITY])
     ).toEqual({ ...none, conversationStop: true })
+    expect(
+      structuredAgentSessionHostSupport([AGENT_SESSION_PERMISSION_MODES_RUNTIME_CAPABILITY])
+    ).toEqual({ ...none, permissionModes: true })
   })
 })
diff --git a/mobile/src/session/mobile-structured-agent-session-host-support.ts b/mobile/src/session/mobile-structured-agent-session-host-support.ts
index abe1a19edbb..1a3269f6b19 100644
--- a/mobile/src/session/mobile-structured-agent-session-host-support.ts
+++ b/mobile/src/session/mobile-structured-agent-session-host-support.ts
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import {
   AGENT_SESSION_REPEATED_STOP_RUNTIME_CAPABILITY
 } from '../../../src/shared/protocol-version'
 import { AGENT_SESSION_SEND_OPTIONS_RUNTIME_CAPABILITY } from '../../../src/shared/agent-session-create-capabilities'
+import { AGENT_SESSION_PERMISSION_MODES_RUNTIME_CAPABILITY } from '../../../src/shared/agent-session-permission-modes-capability'
 
 /** Structured-session features the connected host advertised; null until the status probe answers. */
 export type StructuredAgentSessionHostSupport = {
@@ -26,6 +27,8 @@ export type StructuredAgentSessionHostSupport = {
   sendOptions: boolean
   /** A Stop naming no turn stops what the chat has in flight; an older host needs the turn. */
   conversationStop: boolean
+  /** The host applies each chat's permission mode; 1.4.225–1.4.226 do without advertising it. */
+  permissionModes: boolean
 }
 
 export function structuredAgentSessionHostSupport(
@@ -39,6 +42,7 @@ export function structuredAgentSessionHostSupport(
     statusFeed: capabilities.includes(AGENT_SESSION_STATUS_FEED_RUNTIME_CAPABILITY),
     quietRepeatedStop: capabilities.includes(AGENT_SESSION_REPEATED_STOP_RUNTIME_CAPABILITY),
     sendOptions: capabilities.includes(AGENT_SESSION_SEND_OPTIONS_RUNTIME_CAPABILITY),
-    conversationStop: capabilities.includes(AGENT_SESSION_CONVERSATION_STOP_RUNTIME_CAPABILITY)
+    conversationStop: capabilities.includes(AGENT_SESSION_CONVERSATION_STOP_RUNTIME_CAPABILITY),
+    permissionModes: capabilities.includes(AGENT_SESSION_PERMISSION_MODES_RUNTIME_CAPABILITY)
   }
 }
diff --git a/mobile/src/session/use-mobile-structured-agent-options.first-frame.test.ts b/mobile/src/session/use-mobile-structured-agent-options.first-frame.test.ts
index 9c71931ad89..60eaa6d75a5 100644
--- a/mobile/src/session/use-mobile-structured-agent-options.first-frame.test.ts
+++ b/mobile/src/session/use-mobile-structured-agent-options.first-frame.test.ts
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ async function mount(initial: Props) {
       enabled: true,
       fence: props.fence,
       mutate,
-      takesSendOptions: true
+      hostSupport: { sendOptions: true, permissionModes: true }
     })
     frames.push(modelChoices(options.optionSnapshot))
     return null
diff --git a/mobile/src/session/use-mobile-structured-agent-options.permission-mode.test.ts b/mobile/src/session/use-mobile-structured-agent-options.permission-mode.test.ts
index 1fbfb9cf25b..bf7d315c1ef 100644
--- a/mobile/src/session/use-mobile-structured-agent-options.permission-mode.test.ts
+++ b/mobile/src/session/use-mobile-structured-agent-options.permission-mode.test.ts
@@ -45,7 +45,13 @@ function optionsClient(...modes: (string | undefined)[]) {
 }
 
 type Controller = ReturnType<typeof useMobileStructuredAgentOptions>
-type ProbeProps = { client: RpcClient; fence: number; optionStamp: string; agent?: string }
+type ProbeProps = {
+  client: RpcClient
+  fence: number
+  optionStamp: string
+  agent?: string
+  hostAdvertisesPermissionModes?: boolean | null
+}
 
 const mutate: StructuredAgentSessionMutate = vi.fn()
 
@@ -60,7 +66,10 @@ async function mountOptions(props: ProbeProps) {
       fence: probe.fence,
       mutate,
       optionStamp: probe.optionStamp,
-      takesSendOptions: true
+      hostSupport:
+        probe.hostAdvertisesPermissionModes === null
+          ? null
+          : { sendOptions: true, permissionModes: probe.hostAdvertisesPermissionModes ?? true }
     })
     return null
   }
@@ -103,6 +112,44 @@ async function mountOptions(props: ProbeProps) {
   }
 }
 
+// STA-10671: a 1.4.224 host ignores per-chat modes and runs its own Agent Permissions.
+describe('the permission pill against a host predating per-chat modes', () => {
+  it("says the chat runs the host's Agent Permissions, and offers nothing to pick", async () => {
+    const options = await mountOptions({
+      client: optionsClient(undefined).client,
+      fence: 1,
+      optionStamp: 'gpt-live|',
+      hostAdvertisesPermissionModes: false
+    })
+    expect(options.permission()).toBe('host')
+    expect(options.offered()).toEqual(['host'])
+    await options.unmount()
+  })
+
+  // 1.4.225–1.4.226 apply modes without advertising the capability: their stated mode wins.
+  it('shows the mode a host states even when it does not advertise per-chat modes', async () => {
+    const options = await mountOptions({
+      client: optionsClient('ask').client,
+      fence: 1,
+      optionStamp: 'gpt-live|ask',
+      hostAdvertisesPermissionModes: false
+    })
+    expect(options.permission()).toBe('ask')
+    await options.unmount()
+  })
+
+  it('shows no host pill before the host capability probe answers', async () => {
+    const options = await mountOptions({
+      client: optionsClient(undefined).client,
+      fence: 1,
+      optionStamp: 'gpt-live|',
+      hostAdvertisesPermissionModes: null
+    })
+    expect(options.permission()).toBeNull()
+    await options.unmount()
+  })
+})
+
 describe('the permission mode on the phone', () => {
   it('re-reads once when the host status moves, so a desktop pick shows here', async () => {
     const rpc = optionsClient('ask', 'full-access')
diff --git a/mobile/src/session/use-mobile-structured-agent-options.test.ts b/mobile/src/session/use-mobile-structured-agent-options.test.ts
index 9c5e998aa9a..918c614e962 100644
--- a/mobile/src/session/use-mobile-structured-agent-options.test.ts
+++ b/mobile/src/session/use-mobile-structured-agent-options.test.ts
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ function Probe(props: ProbeProps): null {
       enabled: true,
       fence: props.fence,
       mutate: props.mutate,
-      takesSendOptions: true
+      hostSupport: { sendOptions: true, permissionModes: true }
     })
   )
   return null
diff --git a/mobile/src/session/use-mobile-structured-agent-options.ts b/mobile/src/session/use-mobile-structured-agent-options.ts
index 7a109f49f70..788451e164d 100644
--- a/mobile/src/session/use-mobile-structured-agent-options.ts
+++ b/mobile/src/session/use-mobile-structured-agent-options.ts
@@ -6,10 +6,7 @@ import type {
   AgentSessionOptionResult,
   AgentSessionOptionsResult
 } from '../../../src/shared/agent-session-wire'
-import type {
-  SessionOptionsSurface,
-  SessionOptionValue
-} from '../../../src/shared/native-chat-session-options'
+import type { SessionOptionValue } from '../../../src/shared/native-chat-session-options'
 import {
   applyStructuredAgentSessionOptions,
   canSetStructuredAgentSessionOption,
@@ -23,8 +20,13 @@ import {
   structuredAgentSessionOptionView,
   structuredAgentSessionShownSnapshot
 } from '../../../src/shared/structured-agent-session-option-view'
-import { AGENT_CHAT_PERMISSION_MODE_OPTION_ID } from '../../../src/shared/agent-chat-permission-mode'
+import {
+  AGENT_CHAT_PERMISSION_MODE_OPTION_ID,
+  agentChatPermissionModes
+} from '../../../src/shared/agent-chat-permission-mode'
+import { legacyHostPermissionDescriptor } from '../../../src/shared/structured-agent-session-permission-option'
 import type { RpcClient } from '../transport/rpc-client'
+import type { StructuredAgentSessionHostSupport } from './mobile-structured-agent-session-host-support'
 import {
   callAgentSession,
   type StructuredAgentSessionMutate
@@ -36,6 +38,7 @@ import {
   mobileCreatedStructuredSession
 } from './mobile-created-structured-sessions'
 import { encodeStructuredAgentSessionOptionValue } from '../../../src/shared/structured-agent-session-option-codec'
+import { useMobileStructuredOptionSurface } from './use-mobile-structured-option-surface'
 
 export function useMobileStructuredAgentOptions(args: {
   agent: string | null
@@ -46,9 +49,11 @@ export function useMobileStructuredAgentOptions(args: {
   mutate: StructuredAgentSessionMutate
   /** Moves when the host's status says a session option changed; each move re-reads them. */
   optionStamp?: string
-  takesSendOptions: boolean
+  /** What the host advertised; null until its status probe answers. */
+  hostSupport: Pick<StructuredAgentSessionHostSupport, 'sendOptions' | 'permissionModes'> | null
 }) {
-  const { agent, client, enabled, fence, mutate, optionStamp, sessionId, takesSendOptions } = args
+  const { agent, client, enabled, fence, mutate, optionStamp, sessionId, hostSupport } = args
+  const takesSendOptions = hostSupport?.sendOptions === true
   // Every agent's seed, as on the desktop: a built-in list or the provider-default pill.
   const optionCatalog = useMemo(
     () => (agent ? structuredAgentSessionSeedCatalog(agent) : null),
@@ -69,10 +74,6 @@ export function useMobileStructuredAgentOptions(args: {
     },
     []
   )
-  const [optionPickerRequest, setOptionPickerRequest] = useState<{
-    id: string
-    sequence: number
-  } | null>(null)
   const [conversationSupport, setConversationSupport] = useState<{
     sessionId: string
     commands: readonly AgentSessionConversationCommand[]
@@ -80,6 +81,8 @@ export function useMobileStructuredAgentOptions(args: {
   const [imageSupport, setImageSupport] = useState<{
     sessionId: string
     acceptsImages: boolean | undefined
+    /** The answer named the chat's permission mode, as only a host applying modes does. */
+    statesPermissionMode: boolean
   } | null>(null)
 
   const optionIdentityRef = useRef(`${agent}:${sessionId}`)
@@ -137,7 +140,11 @@ export function useMobileStructuredAgentOptions(args: {
         forgetMobileCreatedStructuredSession(sessionId)
         // Not an option value: a pick made during the read leaves it standing.
         if (!stale) {
-          setImageSupport({ sessionId, acceptsImages: result.acceptsImages })
+          setImageSupport({
+            sessionId,
+            acceptsImages: result.acceptsImages,
+            statesPermissionMode: result.current?.permissionMode !== undefined
+          })
         }
         if (!stale && optionMutationGeneration.current === readGeneration) {
           setConversationSupport({ sessionId, commands: result.conversationCommands ?? [] })
@@ -163,10 +170,18 @@ export function useMobileStructuredAgentOptions(args: {
     updateOptionState
   ])
 
-  const optionSnapshot = useMemo(
-    () => structuredAgentSessionShownSnapshot(optionState, takesSendOptions),
-    [optionState, takesSendOptions]
-  )
+  // A host predating per-chat modes (1.4.224 and older) states none: say what its chats run instead.
+  const legacyHostPermissions =
+    agent !== null &&
+    agentChatPermissionModes(agent) !== null &&
+    hostSupport?.permissionModes === false &&
+    imageSupport?.sessionId === sessionId &&
+    !imageSupport.statesPermissionMode &&
+    optionState.permissionMode === null
+  const optionSnapshot = useMemo(() => {
+    const shown = structuredAgentSessionShownSnapshot(optionState, takesSendOptions)
+    return legacyHostPermissions ? [...shown, legacyHostPermissionDescriptor()] : shown
+  }, [legacyHostPermissions, optionState, takesSendOptions])
 
   const setStructuredOption = useCallback(
     async (id: string, value: SessionOptionValue): Promise<boolean> => {
@@ -273,36 +288,13 @@ export function useMobileStructuredAgentOptions(args: {
     [agent, client, mutate, optionCatalog, sessionId, takesSendOptions, updateOptionState]
   )
 
-  const invokeStructuredOption = useCallback(
-    async (id: string) => {
-      if (!optionSnapshot.some((entry) => entry.id === id)) {
-        return false
-      }
-      setOptionPickerRequest((current) => ({ id, sequence: (current?.sequence ?? 0) + 1 }))
-      return true
-    },
-    [optionSnapshot]
-  )
-
-  const setOption = useCallback(
-    async (id: string, value: SessionOptionValue) => {
-      await setStructuredOption(id, value)
-      return {
-        snapshot: structuredAgentSessionShownSnapshot(optionStateRef.current, takesSendOptions)
-      }
-    },
-    [setStructuredOption, takesSendOptions]
-  )
-
-  const optionSurface = useMemo<SessionOptionsSurface>(
-    () => ({
-      getSnapshot: () => optionSnapshot,
-      setOption,
-      invokeAction: async () => ({ snapshot: optionSnapshot }),
-      subscribe: () => () => {}
-    }),
-    [optionSnapshot, setOption]
-  )
+  const { optionPickerRequest, invokeStructuredOption, optionSurface } =
+    useMobileStructuredOptionSurface({
+      optionSnapshot,
+      setStructuredOption,
+      optionStateRef,
+      takesSendOptions
+    })
 
   return {
     optionPickerRequest,
diff --git a/mobile/src/session/use-mobile-structured-agent-session.ts b/mobile/src/session/use-mobile-structured-agent-session.ts
index 2dbf33a26f1..c49a9f7afaa 100644
--- a/mobile/src/session/use-mobile-structured-agent-session.ts
+++ b/mobile/src/session/use-mobile-structured-agent-session.ts
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ export function useMobileStructuredAgentSession(args: {
     fence: state.fence,
     mutate,
     optionStamp,
-    takesSendOptions: hostSupport?.sendOptions === true
+    hostSupport
   })
   const { conversationCommands, invokeStructuredOption, optionSnapshot, setStructuredOption } =
     options
diff --git a/mobile/src/session/use-mobile-structured-option-surface.ts b/mobile/src/session/use-mobile-structured-option-surface.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9568e8060aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mobile/src/session/use-mobile-structured-option-surface.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+import { useCallback, useMemo, useState, type RefObject } from 'react'
+import { structuredAgentSessionShownSnapshot } from '../../../src/shared/structured-agent-session-option-view'
+import type { StructuredAgentSessionOptionState } from '../../../src/shared/structured-agent-session-options'
+import type {
+  SessionOptionDescriptor,
+  SessionOptionsSurface,
+  SessionOptionValue
+} from '../../../src/shared/native-chat-session-options'
+
+/** The picker surface over a structured chat's options: picks, `/`-opened pickers, snapshots. */
+export function useMobileStructuredOptionSurface(args: {
+  optionSnapshot: SessionOptionDescriptor[]
+  setStructuredOption: (id: string, value: SessionOptionValue) => Promise<boolean>
+  /** The latest option state, which a settled pick's snapshot is read from. */
+  optionStateRef: RefObject<StructuredAgentSessionOptionState>
+  takesSendOptions: boolean
+}) {
+  const { optionSnapshot, optionStateRef, setStructuredOption, takesSendOptions } = args
+  const [optionPickerRequest, setOptionPickerRequest] = useState<{
+    id: string
+    sequence: number
+  } | null>(null)
+
+  const invokeStructuredOption = useCallback(
+    async (id: string) => {
+      if (!optionSnapshot.some((entry) => entry.id === id)) {
+        return false
+      }
+      setOptionPickerRequest((current) => ({ id, sequence: (current?.sequence ?? 0) + 1 }))
+      return true
+    },
+    [optionSnapshot]
+  )
+
+  const setOption = useCallback(
+    async (id: string, value: SessionOptionValue) => {
+      await setStructuredOption(id, value)
+      return {
+        snapshot: structuredAgentSessionShownSnapshot(optionStateRef.current, takesSendOptions)
+      }
+    },
+    [optionStateRef, setStructuredOption, takesSendOptions]
+  )
+
+  const optionSurface = useMemo<SessionOptionsSurface>(
+    () => ({
+      getSnapshot: () => optionSnapshot,
+      setOption,
+      invokeAction: async () => ({ snapshot: optionSnapshot }),
+      subscribe: () => () => {}
+    }),
+    [optionSnapshot, setOption]
+  )
+
+  return { optionPickerRequest, invokeStructuredOption, optionSurface }
+}
diff --git a/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/NativeChatComposer.tsx b/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/NativeChatComposer.tsx
index 7b6f15b4116..ce8ab5c4ad1 100644
--- a/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/NativeChatComposer.tsx
+++ b/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/NativeChatComposer.tsx
@@ -171,7 +171,12 @@ const NativeChatComposerPane = forwardRef<NativeChatComposerHandle, NativeChatCo
     const { imageAttachments, attachResolvedPaths, clearImageAttachments, removeImageAttachment } =
       attachments
     const imageBlock = nativeChatImageSendBlock(imageAttachments)
-    const sendHeld = disabled || structuredTransport?.sendOut === true || imageBlock.holdsSend
+    const sendBlockedReason = imageBlock.reason ?? structuredTransport?.sendBlockedReason ?? null
+    const sendHeld =
+      disabled ||
+      structuredTransport?.sendOut === true ||
+      imageBlock.holdsSend ||
+      structuredTransport?.sendBlockedReason !== undefined
     const sendButtonDisabled = isWorking
       ? !hasPty || !onStop
       : sendHeld || (draft.trim() === '' && imageAttachments.length === 0)
@@ -360,7 +365,7 @@ const NativeChatComposerPane = forwardRef<NativeChatComposerHandle, NativeChatCo
         imageAttachments={imageAttachments}
         attachmentEnvironmentId={structuredTransport?.runtimeEnvironmentId ?? undefined}
         sendButtonDisabled={sendButtonDisabled}
-        sendBlockedReason={imageBlock.reason}
+        sendBlockedReason={sendBlockedReason}
         isWorking={isWorking}
         isStopping={isStopping}
         afterStop={afterStop}
diff --git a/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/NativeChatInterruptedContinue.tsx b/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/NativeChatInterruptedContinue.tsx
index 80ea26fde68..5d489c38a4e 100644
--- a/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/NativeChatInterruptedContinue.tsx
+++ b/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/NativeChatInterruptedContinue.tsx
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ export function useNativeChatInterruptedContinuation(input: {
   sessionId: string
   journalItems: readonly AgentJournalRenderItem[]
   submissions: readonly Pick<AgentJournalSubmission, 'dispatchState'>[]
+  /** Also true while the host may take no turn: Continue starts one. */
   isWorking: boolean
   /** Stable; a Continue click is the user's newer action, so it clears the composer's error. */
   reportComposerError: (text: null) => void
diff --git a/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/NativeChatStructuredGoalStrip.tsx b/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/NativeChatStructuredGoalStrip.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..23df44d5627
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/NativeChatStructuredGoalStrip.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+import { NativeChatThreadGoalBanner } from './NativeChatThreadGoalBanner'
+import type { NativeChatStructuredComposerTransport } from './native-chat-composer-types'
+import type { StructuredAgentSessionThreadGoal } from './use-structured-agent-session-thread-goal'
+
+/** A structured chat's open goal above its composer. */
+export function NativeChatStructuredGoalStrip(props: {
+  sessionId: string
+  threadGoal: StructuredAgentSessionThreadGoal | null | undefined
+  transport: NativeChatStructuredComposerTransport
+  isWorking: boolean
+  isVisible: boolean
+  turnId: string | null
+  workingStartedAt: number | null | undefined
+}): React.JSX.Element | null {
+  const { threadGoal, transport } = props
+  if (!threadGoal?.goal) {
+    return null
+  }
+  // A host held for its permission mode takes no turn, and resuming or clearing a goal starts one.
+  const startsHeld = transport.sendBlockedReason !== undefined
+  return (
+    <NativeChatThreadGoalBanner
+      key={props.sessionId}
+      goal={threadGoal.goal}
+      pending={threadGoal.pending}
+      hostChanges={threadGoal.hostChanges}
+      sendUnavailable={transport.sendOut === true || props.isWorking}
+      startsHeld={startsHeld}
+      isVisible={props.isVisible}
+      runningTurn={props.turnId === null ? null : { startedAt: props.workingStartedAt ?? null }}
+      onChange={(change) => {
+        const startsTurn =
+          change.kind === 'set' ||
+          (change.kind === 'status' && change.status === 'active') ||
+          (change.kind === 'clear' && !threadGoal.hostChanges)
+        if (startsHeld && startsTurn) {
+          return
+        }
+        if (change.kind === 'clear' && !threadGoal.hostChanges) {
+          transport.onSubmitted?.()
+        }
+        void threadGoal.change(change)
+      }}
+    />
+  )
+}
diff --git a/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/NativeChatStructuredSession.orca-stop-continue.test.tsx b/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/NativeChatStructuredSession.orca-stop-continue.test.tsx
index 86fceb7065a..7ddccafd028 100644
--- a/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/NativeChatStructuredSession.orca-stop-continue.test.tsx
+++ b/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/NativeChatStructuredSession.orca-stop-continue.test.tsx
@@ -36,6 +36,10 @@ vi.mock('@/runtime/structured-agent-session-host-capability', async (importOrigi
         : original.useStructuredAgentSessionHostCapabilityState(...args)
   }
 })
+// A host that applies the chat's permission mode; the hold has its own tests.
+vi.mock('@/runtime/structured-chat-host-permission', () => ({
+  useStructuredChatHostPermissionVerdict: () => ({ kind: 'allowed' })
+}))
 // The transcript's real rows, projected from the journal; only the list's windowing is left out.
 vi.mock('./NativeChatMessageList', async () => {
   const { MessageRow } = await import('./NativeChatMessageRow')
diff --git a/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/NativeChatStructuredSession.tsx b/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/NativeChatStructuredSession.tsx
index a277720be6c..e3e157ad057 100644
--- a/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/NativeChatStructuredSession.tsx
+++ b/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/NativeChatStructuredSession.tsx
@@ -46,12 +46,13 @@ import { chatApprovalFromJournal } from './native-chat-interactive-prompt'
 import { useAppStore } from '../../store'
 import { structuredAgentLabel } from '@/lib/structured-agent-session-launch-label'
 import { useNativeChatStructuredComposerTransport } from './use-native-chat-structured-composer-transport'
-import { NativeChatThreadGoalBanner } from './NativeChatThreadGoalBanner'
+import { NativeChatStructuredGoalStrip } from './NativeChatStructuredGoalStrip'
 import { structuredAgentSessionReadFailureNotice } from './structured-agent-session-read-failure-notice'
 import { useStructuredAgentSessionDeliveryNotices } from './use-structured-agent-session-delivery-notices'
 import { dispatchWasWithdrawn } from '../../../../shared/structured-agent-session-dispatch-rejection'
 import { useNativeChatHostOutage } from './use-native-chat-host-outage'
 import { useNativeChatHostOutageNotice } from './use-native-chat-host-outage-notice'
+import { useNativeChatHostPermissionGate } from './use-native-chat-host-permission-gate'
 import { useNativeChatAvailabilityNotice } from './use-native-chat-availability-notice'
 import { useStructuredAgentSessionStartFailureFacts } from './use-structured-agent-session-start-failure-facts'
 import { pendingPromptsAllUnanswerableHere } from '../../../../shared/agent-session-approval-subject'
@@ -130,16 +131,18 @@ export function NativeChatStructuredSession(
     props.agent,
     hostOutage === null
   )
-  const submits = useStructuredNativeChatSubmitReveal(controller, provisionalLaunch.retry)
+  const agentLabel = structuredAgentLabel(props.agent)
+  const hostPermission = useNativeChatHostPermissionGate(props.target, props.agent, agentLabel)
+  const hostHeld = hostPermission.sendBlockedReason !== null
+  const submits = useStructuredNativeChatSubmitReveal(controller, provisionalLaunch.retry, hostHeld)
   const { revealLatest } = submits
   const promptResponse = useStructuredPromptResponseHold(submits.respond)
-  const agentLabel = structuredAgentLabel(props.agent)
   const continuation = useNativeChatInterruptedContinuation({
     target: props.target,
     sessionId: props.sessionId,
     journalItems: controller.journalItems,
     submissions: controller.submissions,
-    isWorking: controller.isWorking,
+    isWorking: controller.isWorking || hostHeld,
     reportComposerError
   })
   const needsFailureFacts =
@@ -220,7 +223,8 @@ export function NativeChatStructuredSession(
     optionPickerRequest,
     setOptionPickerRequest,
     onError: reportComposerError,
-    onSubmitted: revealLatest
+    onSubmitted: revealLatest,
+    sendBlockedReason: hostPermission.sendBlockedReason
   })
 
   // Said once: on the pane when the failure took it, else in the composer's notices.
@@ -248,7 +252,8 @@ export function NativeChatStructuredSession(
     sessionError,
     composerError: composerError ?? continuation.continueError,
     claudeSignIn,
-    availability
+    availability,
+    hostPermission: hostPermission.notice
   })
   if (hostNotice) {
     notices.push(hostNotice)
@@ -329,7 +334,7 @@ export function NativeChatStructuredSession(
             chatWorktreeId={ownerWorktreeId ?? null}
             agentName={agentLabel}
             statedFailures={startFailures}
-            steerHeld={stopControls.stopping}
+            steerHeld={stopControls.stopping || hostHeld}
             focusComposer={focusComposer}
           />
           <NativeChatStructuredSessionStatus
@@ -339,27 +344,17 @@ export function NativeChatStructuredSession(
             backgroundTasks={controller.backgroundTasks}
             stopBackgroundTask={controller.stopBackgroundTask}
           />
-          {!prompt && controller.threadGoal?.goal ? (
-            <NativeChatThreadGoalBanner
-              key={props.sessionId}
-              goal={controller.threadGoal.goal}
-              pending={controller.threadGoal.pending}
-              hostChanges={controller.threadGoal.hostChanges}
-              sendUnavailable={structuredTransport.sendOut || controller.isWorking}
+          {prompt ? null : (
+            <NativeChatStructuredGoalStrip
+              sessionId={props.sessionId}
+              threadGoal={controller.threadGoal}
+              transport={structuredTransport}
+              isWorking={controller.isWorking}
               isVisible={props.isVisible}
-              runningTurn={
-                controller.turnId === null
-                  ? null
-                  : { startedAt: controller.workingStartedAt ?? null }
-              }
-              onChange={(change) => {
-                if (change.kind === 'clear' && !controller.threadGoal?.hostChanges) {
-                  structuredTransport.onSubmitted?.()
-                }
-                void controller.threadGoal?.change(change)
-              }}
+              turnId={controller.turnId}
+              workingStartedAt={controller.workingStartedAt}
             />
-          ) : null}
+          )}
           {/* Prompt cards take the composer's slot, below the background-task dock. */}
           {composerShown ? null : <NativeChatPromptSlotNotices notices={notices} />}
           {prompt && approval ? (
diff --git a/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/NativeChatThreadGoalBanner.tsx b/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/NativeChatThreadGoalBanner.tsx
index 60617c86855..fa8316e5cd9 100644
--- a/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/NativeChatThreadGoalBanner.tsx
+++ b/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/NativeChatThreadGoalBanner.tsx
@@ -51,6 +51,8 @@ export function NativeChatThreadGoalBanner(props: {
   hostChanges: boolean
   /** The composer cannot admit another message or the session is working. */
   sendUnavailable: boolean
+  /** The host may take no turn now: Resume, and a clear that enters a turn, are held. */
+  startsHeld?: boolean
   isVisible: boolean
   /** The session's running turn, or null when idle; goal time accrues only while one runs. */
   runningTurn: { startedAt: number | null } | null
@@ -90,7 +92,10 @@ export function NativeChatThreadGoalBanner(props: {
             <GoalAction
               label={translate('components.native-chat.goal.clear', 'Clear goal')}
               // Claude's `/goal clear` must enter a fresh turn, like a composer send.
-              disabled={pending || (!props.hostChanges && props.sendUnavailable)}
+              disabled={
+                pending ||
+                (!props.hostChanges && (props.sendUnavailable || props.startsHeld === true))
+              }
               onClick={() => onChange({ kind: 'clear' })}
             >
               <Trash2 className="size-3.5" />
@@ -106,7 +111,7 @@ export function NativeChatThreadGoalBanner(props: {
             ) : statusChange === 'active' ? (
               <GoalAction
                 label={translate('components.native-chat.goal.resume', 'Resume goal')}
-                disabled={pending}
+                disabled={pending || props.startsHeld === true}
                 onClick={() => onChange({ kind: 'status', status: 'active' })}
               >
                 <Play className="size-3.5" />
diff --git a/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/native-chat-composer-types.ts b/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/native-chat-composer-types.ts
index e6542d21bff..a0aa6cad10f 100644
--- a/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/native-chat-composer-types.ts
+++ b/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/native-chat-composer-types.ts
@@ -39,6 +39,8 @@ export type NativeChatStructuredComposerTransport = {
   ) => boolean | 'queued'
   /** A send is out: Send stays disabled, and a send returns false, until it settles. */
   sendOut?: boolean
+  /** Send is held for this reason, which the disabled button says. */
+  sendBlockedReason?: string
   dispatchCommand: (text: string) => Promise<StructuredAgentSessionCommandOutcome>
   optionsSurface: SessionOptionsSurface
   optionSnapshot: SessionOptionDescriptor[]
diff --git a/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/native-chat-structured-session-notices.ts b/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/native-chat-structured-session-notices.ts
index 6f28e7b6990..f890dc5bdfa 100644
--- a/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/native-chat-structured-session-notices.ts
+++ b/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/native-chat-structured-session-notices.ts
@@ -78,7 +78,8 @@ export function structuredSessionNotices({
   sessionError,
   composerError,
   claudeSignIn = null,
-  availability = null
+  availability = null,
+  hostPermission = null
 }: {
   launch: {
     lifecycle: StructuredAgentSessionLaunchLifecycle | null
@@ -91,6 +92,8 @@ export function structuredSessionNotices({
   claudeSignIn?: NativeChatClaudeSignIn | null
   /** Why the host says no chat can start here, from `useNativeChatAvailabilityNotice`. */
   availability?: NativeChatComposerNotice | null
+  /** Why this chat's host may not take a turn, from `useNativeChatHostPermissionGate`. */
+  hostPermission?: NativeChatComposerNotice | null
 }): NativeChatComposerNotice[] {
   const launchNotice = nativeChatLaunchNotice({
     lifecycle: launch.lifecycle,
@@ -100,6 +103,7 @@ export function structuredSessionNotices({
     claudeSignIn
   })
   return [
+    ...(hostPermission ? [hostPermission] : []),
     ...(availability ? [availability] : []),
     ...(launchNotice && !sessionError ? [launchNotice] : []),
     ...(sessionError
diff --git a/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/use-native-chat-host-permission-gate.ts b/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/use-native-chat-host-permission-gate.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..08307c47565
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/use-native-chat-host-permission-gate.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+import { translate } from '@/i18n/i18n'
+import { hostPermissionRefusedText } from '@/lib/structured-agent-session-launch-permission-notice'
+import { useStructuredChatHostPermissionVerdict } from '@/runtime/structured-chat-host-permission'
+import { useAppStore } from '@/store'
+import type { RuntimeClientTarget } from '../../../../shared/runtime-client-target'
+import type { NativeChatComposerNotice } from './native-chat-composer-notice'
+
+export type NativeChatHostPermissionGate = {
+  /** Present while Send is held: what the user can do about it. */
+  sendBlockedReason: string | null
+  notice: NativeChatComposerNotice | null
+}
+
+const OPEN: NativeChatHostPermissionGate = { sendBlockedReason: null, notice: null }
+
+/** Holds Send on a paired host that would run this chat with more access than this client asks
+ *  for: an older host ignores per-chat modes and runs its own Agent Permissions. */
+export function useNativeChatHostPermissionGate(
+  target: RuntimeClientTarget,
+  agent: string,
+  agentLabel: string
+): NativeChatHostPermissionGate {
+  const verdict = useStructuredChatHostPermissionVerdict(target, agent)
+  const requested = useAppStore((state) => state.settings?.nativeChatPermissionMode)
+  if (verdict.kind === 'allowed') {
+    return OPEN
+  }
+  if (verdict.kind === 'checking') {
+    return {
+      sendBlockedReason: translate(
+        'components.native-chat.hostPermission.checking',
+        "Checking this host's chat permissions…"
+      ),
+      notice: null
+    }
+  }
+  const text = hostPermissionRefusedText(agentLabel, verdict.kind, requested)
+  return {
+    sendBlockedReason: text,
+    notice: { key: `host-permission:${verdict.kind}`, kind: 'host', tone: 'warning', text }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/use-native-chat-structured-composer-send.test.tsx b/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/use-native-chat-structured-composer-send.test.tsx
index f1615691bdb..7933b85a4bf 100644
--- a/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/use-native-chat-structured-composer-send.test.tsx
+++ b/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/use-native-chat-structured-composer-send.test.tsx
@@ -145,6 +145,21 @@ describe('reports the sends that bring the latest into view', () => {
   })
 })
 
+// STA-10671: an older paired host would run the turn without the approval the chat asks for.
+describe('a send held by its host', () => {
+  it('starts no turn, but still lets an option command through', async () => {
+    const { send, structuredTransport } = harness('claude')
+    structuredTransport.sendBlockedReason = 'Update Orca on this host to use Ask for approval.'
+    await send('hello', [])
+    await send('/compact', [])
+    expect(structuredTransport.send).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+    expect(structuredTransport.onError).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+
+    await send('/model', [])
+    expect(structuredTransport.onError).toHaveBeenCalled()
+  })
+})
+
 describe("says a failed send in Orca's words, with the error it hit apart", () => {
   it('keeps a main-process failure apart from the words saying the message was not sent', async () => {
     const { send, structuredTransport } = harness('claude')
diff --git a/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/use-native-chat-structured-composer-send.ts b/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/use-native-chat-structured-composer-send.ts
index ca6a6482a3a..9d065e6a923 100644
--- a/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/use-native-chat-structured-composer-send.ts
+++ b/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/use-native-chat-structured-composer-send.ts
@@ -67,6 +67,14 @@ export function useNativeChatStructuredComposerSend({
         return
       }
       const hostCommand = isNativeChatStructuredHostCommand(text, agent, structuredTransport)
+      // A held host takes no turn, and its notice says why; an option command only changes what
+      // the next turn runs with.
+      if (
+        structuredTransport.sendBlockedReason !== undefined &&
+        (!hostCommand || structuredAgentSessionCommandChangesConversation(text))
+      ) {
+        return
+      }
       // A command picked while images await re-attaching would send them without a file.
       const attachAgain = nativeChatAttachImagesAgainReason(attachments)
       if (attachAgain) {
diff --git a/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/use-native-chat-structured-composer-transport.ts b/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/use-native-chat-structured-composer-transport.ts
index 3e4a90395a7..05f783fb703 100644
--- a/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/use-native-chat-structured-composer-transport.ts
+++ b/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/use-native-chat-structured-composer-transport.ts
@@ -25,9 +25,12 @@ export function useNativeChatStructuredComposerTransport(args: {
   setOptionPickerRequest: Dispatch<SetStateAction<NativeChatOptionPickerRequest | null>>
   onError: NativeChatStructuredComposerTransport['onError']
   onSubmitted: () => void
+  /** Present while this chat's host may not take a turn; Send is held and a send refused. */
+  sendBlockedReason?: string | null
 }): NativeChatStructuredComposerTransport {
   const { props, controller, sendThroughLaunch, starting, worktreeId, optionPickerRequest } = args
   const { setOptionPickerRequest, onError, onSubmitted } = args
+  const sendBlockedReason = args.sendBlockedReason ?? null
   const acceptsImages = useStructuredAgentAcceptsImages(
     props.target,
     props.agent,
@@ -36,10 +39,14 @@ export function useNativeChatStructuredComposerTransport(args: {
   return useMemo((): NativeChatStructuredComposerTransport => {
     const threadGoal = controller.threadGoal
     const setThreadGoalObjective = threadGoal?.hostChanges
-      ? (objective: string) => threadGoal.change({ kind: 'set', objective })
+      ? (objective: string) =>
+          sendBlockedReason === null
+            ? threadGoal.change({ kind: 'set', objective })
+            : Promise.resolve(false)
       : null
     return {
       send: (text, attachments) =>
+        sendBlockedReason === null &&
         sendThroughLaunch(text, attachments.length > 0, () =>
           controller.send(
             text,
@@ -65,6 +72,7 @@ export function useNativeChatStructuredComposerTransport(args: {
         }),
       ...(setThreadGoalObjective ? { threadGoal: { setObjective: setThreadGoalObjective } } : {}),
       sendOut: controller.sendOut || starting,
+      ...(sendBlockedReason !== null ? { sendBlockedReason } : {}),
       optionsSurface: controller.optionSurface,
       conversationCommands: controller.conversationCommands,
       optionSnapshot: controller.optionSnapshot,
@@ -90,6 +98,7 @@ export function useNativeChatStructuredComposerTransport(args: {
     props.agent,
     props.sessionId,
     props.target,
+    sendBlockedReason,
     sendThroughLaunch,
     setOptionPickerRequest,
     starting
diff --git a/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/use-structured-native-chat-submit-reveal.test.ts b/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/use-structured-native-chat-submit-reveal.test.ts
index 6720ac269dd..28e25b0fa16 100644
--- a/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/use-structured-native-chat-submit-reveal.test.ts
+++ b/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/use-structured-native-chat-submit-reveal.test.ts
@@ -38,3 +38,36 @@ it('reveals before launch Retry, but waits for a successful queue Resume', async
 
   expect(order).toEqual(['reveal', 'launch', 'resume', 'reveal'])
 })
+
+// STA-10671: an older host held for its permission mode would run a queued card unprompted.
+it('sends no queued card and retries no start on a host held for its permission mode', async () => {
+  const queuedMessages = {
+    queueCapable: true,
+    clearCapable: true,
+    cards: [],
+    pause: { reason: 'stopped' },
+    resuming: false,
+    clear: vi.fn(async () => true),
+    resume: vi.fn(async () => true),
+    steer: vi.fn(async () => {}),
+    remove: vi.fn(async () => {}),
+    edit: vi.fn(async () => {}),
+    editCapable: false,
+    editor: undefined,
+    steerNewest: vi.fn(() => true)
+  }
+  const controller = { respond: vi.fn(async () => null), queuedMessages }
+  const retryLaunch = vi.fn()
+  const { result } = renderHook(() =>
+    useStructuredNativeChatSubmitReveal(controller, retryLaunch, true)
+  )
+
+  await act(() => result.current.queuedMessages.resume())
+  await act(() => result.current.queuedMessages.steer('m1'))
+  expect(result.current.queuedMessages.steerNewest()).toBe(false)
+  expect(queuedMessages.resume).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+  expect(queuedMessages.steer).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+  expect(queuedMessages.steerNewest).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+  act(() => result.current.retryLaunch())
+  expect(retryLaunch).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+})
diff --git a/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/use-structured-native-chat-submit-reveal.ts b/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/use-structured-native-chat-submit-reveal.ts
index 570347ee041..60082d7c63f 100644
--- a/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/use-structured-native-chat-submit-reveal.ts
+++ b/src/renderer/src/components/native-chat/use-structured-native-chat-submit-reveal.ts
@@ -14,7 +14,9 @@ type StructuredController = ReturnType<typeof useStructuredAgentSession>
 export function useStructuredNativeChatSubmitReveal(
   controller: Pick<StructuredController, 'respond' | 'queuedMessages'>,
   /** Relaunches a start that failed. */
-  retryLaunch: () => void
+  retryLaunch: () => void,
+  /** The host may take no turn: no card is sent now or resumed, and no failed start retried. */
+  startsHeld = false
 ): {
   messageListRef: React.RefObject<NativeChatMessageListHandle | null>
   /** For the composer, which reveals as it sends. */
@@ -26,9 +28,12 @@ export function useStructuredNativeChatSubmitReveal(
   const { messageListRef, revealLatest } = useNativeChatRevealLatest()
   const { respond, queuedMessages } = controller
   const revealingRetryLaunch = useCallback(() => {
+    if (startsHeld) {
+      return
+    }
     revealLatest()
     retryLaunch()
-  }, [retryLaunch, revealLatest])
+  }, [retryLaunch, revealLatest, startsHeld])
   const revealingRespond = useCallback<StructuredController['respond']>(
     (...args) => {
       revealLatest()
@@ -45,6 +50,14 @@ export function useStructuredNativeChatSubmitReveal(
       }
       return resumed
     }
+    if (startsHeld) {
+      return {
+        ...queuedMessages,
+        steer: async () => undefined,
+        resume: async () => false,
+        steerNewest: () => false
+      }
+    }
     return {
       ...queuedMessages,
       steer: (messageId) => {
@@ -60,7 +73,7 @@ export function useStructuredNativeChatSubmitReveal(
         return steered
       }
     }
-  }, [queuedMessages, revealLatest])
+  }, [queuedMessages, revealLatest, startsHeld])
   return {
     messageListRef,
     revealLatest,
diff --git a/src/renderer/src/i18n/locales/en.json b/src/renderer/src/i18n/locales/en.json
index f785149daf7..d34850e066c 100644
--- a/src/renderer/src/i18n/locales/en.json
+++ b/src/renderer/src/i18n/locales/en.json
@@ -18927,6 +18927,12 @@
       },
       "claudeSignIn": {
         "signingIn": "Signing in…"
+      },
+      "hostPermission": {
+        "checking": "Checking this host's chat permissions…",
+        "launchRefused": "Orca did not start a {{value0}} chat",
+        "outdatedHost": "This host runs an older Orca that ignores chat permissions, so {{value0}} would run here without asking. Update Orca on this host to use {{value1}}.",
+        "unverified": "Orca couldn't confirm this host applies chat permissions. Reconnect to it to send."
       }
     },
     "tab": {
diff --git a/src/renderer/src/lib/structured-agent-session-launch-admission.test.ts b/src/renderer/src/lib/structured-agent-session-launch-admission.test.ts
index 2cdb6dbe501..5cc2d50b679 100644
--- a/src/renderer/src/lib/structured-agent-session-launch-admission.test.ts
+++ b/src/renderer/src/lib/structured-agent-session-launch-admission.test.ts
@@ -6,7 +6,8 @@ const mocks = vi.hoisted(() => ({
   createSupport: vi.fn(),
   toastInfo: vi.fn(),
   toastError: vi.fn(),
-  launchAgentInNewTab: vi.fn()
+  launchAgentInNewTab: vi.fn(),
+  hostPermission: vi.fn()
 }))
 
 vi.mock('sonner', () => ({ toast: { info: mocks.toastInfo, error: mocks.toastError } }))
@@ -23,6 +24,10 @@ vi.mock('@/runtime/structured-agent-session-client', () => ({
   })
 }))
 
+vi.mock('@/runtime/structured-chat-host-permission', () => ({
+  readStructuredChatHostPermissionVerdict: mocks.hostPermission
+}))
+
 import { useAppStore } from '@/store'
 import { adoptAgentSessionLaunchVerdict } from './agent-session-launch-plan'
 import { beginStructuredAgentSessionProvisionalLaunch } from './structured-agent-session-provisional-tab'
@@ -68,6 +73,7 @@ function expectNoChatCommitted(): void {
 
 beforeEach(() => {
   vi.clearAllMocks()
+  mocks.hostPermission.mockResolvedValue({ kind: 'allowed' })
   localStorage.clear()
   useAppStore.setState({
     activeWorktreeId: WORKTREE,
@@ -210,6 +216,33 @@ describe('a structured chat launch on a paired server', () => {
     launch?.cancel()
   })
 
+  // An older server ignores the chat's mode and would run Claude with its own bypass flag.
+  it.each(['refused', 'unverified'] as const)(
+    'starts nothing on a server whose permission verdict is %s, and says so once',
+    async (kind) => {
+      mocks.createSupport.mockResolvedValue({ supported: true })
+      mocks.hostPermission.mockResolvedValue(
+        kind === 'refused' ? { kind, hostMode: 'full-access' } : { kind }
+      )
+
+      const launch = beginStructuredAgentSessionProvisionalLaunch({
+        plan: pairedPlan(),
+        hooks: {},
+        onHostDeclined: vi.fn()
+      })
+      const settlement = await launch?.settlement
+
+      expect(mocks.hostPermission).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        { kind: 'environment', environmentId: 'server-1' },
+        'claude'
+      )
+      expect(settlement).toEqual(expect.objectContaining({ kind: 'failed', notified: true }))
+      expect(mocks.toastError).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
+      expect(mocks.launchAgentInNewTab).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+      expectNoChatCommitted()
+    }
+  )
+
   it('opens the chat on the server that admitted it', async () => {
     mocks.createSupport.mockResolvedValue({ supported: true })
 
@@ -307,6 +340,20 @@ describe('a structured chat launch on this machine', () => {
     expectNoChatCommitted()
   })
 
+  it('never asks this machine for a permission verdict: it applies every chat mode', async () => {
+    mocks.createSupport.mockResolvedValue({ supported: true })
+    const launch = beginStructuredAgentSessionProvisionalLaunch({
+      plan: localPlan(),
+      hooks: {},
+      onHostDeclined: vi.fn()
+    })
+    await vi.waitFor(() =>
+      expect(useAppStore.getState().unifiedTabsByWorktree[WORKTREE]).toHaveLength(1)
+    )
+    expect(mocks.hostPermission).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+    launch?.cancel()
+  })
+
   it('opens the chat once this machine admits it', async () => {
     mocks.createSupport.mockResolvedValue({ supported: true })
 
diff --git a/src/renderer/src/lib/structured-agent-session-launch-admission.ts b/src/renderer/src/lib/structured-agent-session-launch-admission.ts
index d44f0ea4ca8..f767a4313fe 100644
--- a/src/renderer/src/lib/structured-agent-session-launch-admission.ts
+++ b/src/renderer/src/lib/structured-agent-session-launch-admission.ts
@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@ import type { StructuredPromptDeliveryResult } from '@/lib/structured-agent-sess
 import type { LaunchAgentInNewTabArgs } from '@/lib/launch-agent-in-new-tab'
 import type { RuntimeClientTarget } from '../../../shared/runtime-client-target'
 import { toRuntimeWorktreeSelector } from '@/runtime/runtime-worktree-selector'
+import { readStructuredChatHostPermissionVerdict } from '@/runtime/structured-chat-host-permission'
+import { notifyHostPermissionRefused } from '@/lib/structured-agent-session-launch-permission-notice'
 
 /** What a host's "no" opens instead: the terminal the launch would have opened had it known. */
 export type StructuredLaunchTerminal = {
@@ -208,6 +210,23 @@ export function beginHostAdmittedStructuredLaunch(args: {
         ).then(resolveDelivery, () => resolveDelivery(NOT_DELIVERED))
         return terminal.opened ? { kind: 'terminal' } : { kind: 'cancelled', sessionId: null }
       }
+      // A host that would run the chat with more access than asked for gets nothing to start.
+      const permission = paired
+        ? await readStructuredChatHostPermissionVerdict(args.target, plan.agent)
+        : { kind: 'allowed' as const }
+      if (isCancelled()) {
+        resolveDelivery(NOT_DELIVERED)
+        return { kind: 'cancelled', sessionId: null }
+      }
+      if (permission.kind !== 'allowed') {
+        notifyHostPermissionRefused(plan.agent, permission.kind)
+        resolveDelivery({ delivered: false, failureNotified: true })
+        return {
+          kind: 'failed',
+          error: new Error('structured chat host runs with more access than asked for'),
+          notified: true
+        }
+      }
       admitted = args.openAdmitted(
         admission.kind === 'admitted' ? admission.seedOptions : undefined
       )
diff --git a/src/renderer/src/lib/structured-agent-session-launch-permission-notice.ts b/src/renderer/src/lib/structured-agent-session-launch-permission-notice.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..86ff808f0a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/renderer/src/lib/structured-agent-session-launch-permission-notice.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+import { toast } from 'sonner'
+import { translate } from '@/i18n/i18n'
+import { useAppStore } from '@/store'
+import { isAgentChatPermissionMode } from '../../../shared/agent-chat-permission-mode'
+import type { TuiAgent } from '../../../shared/tui-agent'
+import { nativeChatPermissionModeLabel } from '@/components/native-chat/native-chat-permission-mode-labels'
+import { structuredAgentLabel } from '@/lib/structured-agent-session-launch-label'
+
+/** Why a paired host may not run this chat: it would not apply the permission mode asked for. */
+export function hostPermissionRefusedText(
+  agentLabel: string,
+  kind: 'refused' | 'unverified',
+  requested: unknown = useAppStore.getState().settings?.nativeChatPermissionMode
+): string {
+  return kind === 'unverified'
+    ? translate(
+        'components.native-chat.hostPermission.unverified',
+        "Orca couldn't confirm this host applies chat permissions. Reconnect to it to send."
+      )
+    : translate(
+        'components.native-chat.hostPermission.outdatedHost',
+        'This host runs an older Orca that ignores chat permissions, so {{value0}} would run here without asking. Update Orca on this host to use {{value1}}.',
+        {
+          value0: agentLabel,
+          value1: nativeChatPermissionModeLabel(
+            isAgentChatPermissionMode(requested) ? requested : 'ask'
+          )
+        }
+      )
+}
+
+export function notifyHostPermissionRefused(agent: TuiAgent, kind: 'refused' | 'unverified'): void {
+  const agentLabel = structuredAgentLabel(agent)
+  toast.error(
+    translate(
+      'components.native-chat.hostPermission.launchRefused',
+      'Orca did not start a {{value0}} chat',
+      { value0: agentLabel }
+    ),
+    { description: hostPermissionRefusedText(agentLabel, kind) }
+  )
+}
diff --git a/src/renderer/src/runtime/structured-chat-host-permission.test.ts b/src/renderer/src/runtime/structured-chat-host-permission.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6965f8dd25f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/renderer/src/runtime/structured-chat-host-permission.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+// @vitest-environment happy-dom
+import { act, renderHook } from '@testing-library/react'
+import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest'
+
+const mocks = vi.hoisted(() => {
+  const contactListeners: (() => void)[] = []
+  return { supportsCapability: vi.fn(), callRuntimeRpc: vi.fn(), contactListeners }
+})
+
+vi.mock('./runtime-rpc-client', () => ({
+  runtimeEnvironmentSupportsCapability: mocks.supportsCapability,
+  callRuntimeRpc: mocks.callRuntimeRpc
+}))
+vi.mock('@/store', () => {
+  const state = { settings: { nativeChatPermissionMode: 'ask' } }
+  const useAppStore = (select: (s: typeof state) => unknown) => select(state)
+  useAppStore.getState = () => state
+  return { useAppStore }
+})
+vi.mock('./runtime-host-contact-regained', () => ({
+  subscribeRuntimeHostContactRegained: (_id: string, listener: () => void) => {
+    mocks.contactListeners.push(listener)
+    return () => undefined
+  }
+}))
+
+import {
+  readStructuredChatHostPermissionVerdict,
+  useStructuredChatHostPermissionVerdict
+} from './structured-chat-host-permission'
+import { AGENT_SESSION_PERMISSION_MODES_RUNTIME_CAPABILITY } from '../../../shared/agent-session-permission-modes-capability'
+
+const PAIRED = { kind: 'environment', environmentId: 'server-1' } as const
+
+beforeEach(() => {
+  vi.clearAllMocks()
+  mocks.supportsCapability.mockResolvedValue(false)
+})
+
+describe('the permission verdict on a paired host', () => {
+  it('lets a chat run on a host advertising per-chat modes without reading its settings', async () => {
+    mocks.supportsCapability.mockResolvedValue(true)
+
+    await expect(readStructuredChatHostPermissionVerdict(PAIRED, 'claude', 'ask')).resolves.toEqual(
+      { kind: 'allowed' }
+    )
+    expect(mocks.supportsCapability).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      'server-1',
+      AGENT_SESSION_PERMISSION_MODES_RUNTIME_CAPABILITY,
+      expect.any(Number)
+    )
+    expect(mocks.callRuntimeRpc).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+  })
+
+  // 1.4.225–1.4.226 apply modes but predate the capability.
+  it('lets a chat run on a host whose settings carry the new-chat permission default', async () => {
+    mocks.callRuntimeRpc.mockResolvedValue({
+      settings: { nativeChatPermissionMode: 'full-access', agentDefaultArgs: {} }
+    })
+
+    await expect(readStructuredChatHostPermissionVerdict(PAIRED, 'claude', 'ask')).resolves.toEqual(
+      { kind: 'allowed' }
+    )
+  })
+
+  // STA-10671: 1.4.224 started Claude with --dangerously-skip-permissions while Settings read Ask.
+  it('refuses Ask on an older host whose Agent Permissions bypass approval', async () => {
+    mocks.callRuntimeRpc.mockResolvedValue({ settings: { agentDefaultArgs: {} } })
+
+    await expect(readStructuredChatHostPermissionVerdict(PAIRED, 'claude', 'ask')).resolves.toEqual(
+      { kind: 'refused', hostMode: 'full-access' }
+    )
+    await expect(
+      readStructuredChatHostPermissionVerdict(PAIRED, 'codex', 'accept-edits')
+    ).resolves.toEqual({ kind: 'refused', hostMode: 'full-access' })
+  })
+
+  it('lets Full access run on that older host: it runs no more than asked for', async () => {
+    mocks.callRuntimeRpc.mockResolvedValue({ settings: { agentDefaultArgs: {} } })
+
+    await expect(
+      readStructuredChatHostPermissionVerdict(PAIRED, 'claude', 'full-access')
+    ).resolves.toEqual({ kind: 'allowed' })
+  })
+
+  it('lets Ask run on an older host set to Manual, which asks too', async () => {
+    mocks.callRuntimeRpc.mockResolvedValue({ settings: { agentDefaultArgs: { claude: '' } } })
+
+    await expect(readStructuredChatHostPermissionVerdict(PAIRED, 'claude', 'ask')).resolves.toEqual(
+      { kind: 'allowed' }
+    )
+  })
+
+  it('is unverified, never allowed, when the host cannot say', async () => {
+    mocks.supportsCapability.mockRejectedValue(new Error('timeout'))
+    mocks.callRuntimeRpc.mockRejectedValue(new Error('timeout'))
+
+    await expect(readStructuredChatHostPermissionVerdict(PAIRED, 'claude', 'ask')).resolves.toEqual(
+      { kind: 'unverified' }
+    )
+  })
+
+  it('asks nothing for this machine, or for an agent without chat modes', async () => {
+    await expect(
+      readStructuredChatHostPermissionVerdict({ kind: 'local' }, 'claude', 'ask')
+    ).resolves.toEqual({ kind: 'allowed' })
+    await expect(readStructuredChatHostPermissionVerdict(PAIRED, 'grok', 'ask')).resolves.toEqual({
+      kind: 'allowed'
+    })
+    expect(mocks.supportsCapability).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+    expect(mocks.callRuntimeRpc).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+  })
+})
+
+describe('the permission verdict a chat holds', () => {
+  it('checks again, holding the chat, when contact with the host returns', async () => {
+    mocks.contactListeners.length = 0
+    mocks.supportsCapability.mockResolvedValue(true)
+    const { result } = renderHook(() => useStructuredChatHostPermissionVerdict(PAIRED, 'claude'))
+    expect(result.current).toEqual({ kind: 'checking' })
+    await vi.waitFor(() => expect(result.current).toEqual({ kind: 'allowed' }))
+
+    // The host came back as an older build: its answer is still on the way.
+    mocks.supportsCapability.mockReturnValue(new Promise(() => undefined))
+    act(() => mocks.contactListeners.forEach((listener) => listener()))
+    expect(result.current).toEqual({ kind: 'checking' })
+  })
+})
+
+describe('a held chat', () => {
+  it('asks again while held, so a host switched to Manual lets it through', async () => {
+    vi.useFakeTimers()
+    try {
+      mocks.callRuntimeRpc.mockResolvedValue({ settings: { agentDefaultArgs: {} } })
+      const { result } = renderHook(() => useStructuredChatHostPermissionVerdict(PAIRED, 'claude'))
+      await act(async () => {
+        await vi.advanceTimersByTimeAsync(0)
+      })
+      expect(result.current.kind).toBe('refused')
+
+      mocks.callRuntimeRpc.mockResolvedValue({ settings: { agentDefaultArgs: { claude: '' } } })
+      await act(async () => {
+        await vi.advanceTimersByTimeAsync(30_000)
+      })
+      expect(result.current).toEqual({ kind: 'allowed' })
+    } finally {
+      vi.useRealTimers()
+    }
+  })
+})
diff --git a/src/renderer/src/runtime/structured-chat-host-permission.ts b/src/renderer/src/runtime/structured-chat-host-permission.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e6338a3738b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/renderer/src/runtime/structured-chat-host-permission.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+import { useEffect, useState } from 'react'
+import { agentChatPermissionModes } from '../../../shared/agent-chat-permission-mode'
+import {
+  chatPermissionHostVerdict,
+  hostSettingsApplyChatPermissionModes,
+  legacyHostChatPermissionMode,
+  type ChatPermissionHostVerdict
+} from '../../../shared/agent-chat-permission-host-support'
+import { AGENT_SESSION_PERMISSION_MODES_RUNTIME_CAPABILITY } from '../../../shared/agent-session-permission-modes-capability'
+import type { RuntimeClientTarget } from '../../../shared/runtime-client-target'
+import { useAppStore } from '@/store'
+import { callRuntimeRpc, runtimeEnvironmentSupportsCapability } from './runtime-rpc-client'
+import { subscribeRuntimeHostContactRegained } from './runtime-host-contact-regained'
+
+/** `unverified`: the host could not say what it runs, so nothing may start there yet. */
+export type StructuredChatHostPermissionVerdict = ChatPermissionHostVerdict | { kind: 'unverified' }
+
+const HOST_PERMISSION_READ_TIMEOUT_MS = 15_000
+/** How often a held chat asks again: the host's Agent Permissions can change with no reconnect. */
+const HELD_RECHECK_MS = 30_000
+
+/** The mode this client asks new chats to start in; on a paired host that predates per-chat modes
+ *  it is the only stated intent, since that host keeps none. */
+function requestedChatPermissionMode(): unknown {
+  return useAppStore.getState().settings?.nativeChatPermissionMode
+}
+
+/**
+ * Whether a chat on `target` may start or take a turn without running with more access than this
+ * client asks for. A paired host that does not apply per-chat modes runs its Agent Permissions.
+ */
+export async function readStructuredChatHostPermissionVerdict(
+  target: RuntimeClientTarget,
+  agent: string,
+  requested: unknown = requestedChatPermissionMode()
+): Promise<StructuredChatHostPermissionVerdict> {
+  if (target.kind === 'local' || !agentChatPermissionModes(agent)) {
+    return { kind: 'allowed' }
+  }
+  const advertised = await runtimeEnvironmentSupportsCapability(
+    target.environmentId,
+    AGENT_SESSION_PERMISSION_MODES_RUNTIME_CAPABILITY,
+    HOST_PERMISSION_READ_TIMEOUT_MS
+  ).catch(() => false)
+  if (advertised) {
+    return { kind: 'allowed' }
+  }
+  let settings: unknown
+  try {
+    const result = await callRuntimeRpc<{ settings?: unknown }>(target, 'settings.get', undefined, {
+      timeoutMs: HOST_PERMISSION_READ_TIMEOUT_MS
+    })
+    settings = result.settings
+  } catch {
+    return { kind: 'unverified' }
+  }
+  return chatPermissionHostVerdict({
+    agent,
+    hostAppliesModes: hostSettingsApplyChatPermissionModes(settings),
+    legacyMode: legacyHostChatPermissionMode(agent, settings),
+    requested
+  })
+}
+
+/** `checking` until the host has answered; asked again on each regained contact, change of the
+ *  requested mode and, while held, every 30s, so an updated host is let through without a reload. */
+export function useStructuredChatHostPermissionVerdict(
+  target: RuntimeClientTarget,
+  agent: string
+): StructuredChatHostPermissionVerdict | { kind: 'checking' } {
+  const gated = target.kind === 'environment' && agentChatPermissionModes(agent) !== null
+  const environmentId = target.kind === 'environment' ? target.environmentId : null
+  const requested = useAppStore((state) => state.settings?.nativeChatPermissionMode)
+  const [contact, setContact] = useState(0)
+  // Contact is part of the key: a host back from a restart may be an older build, so a verdict from
+  // before it never stands in for the fresh one.
+  const key = `${environmentId ?? 'local'}\0${agent}\0${String(requested)}\0${contact}`
+  const [answer, setAnswer] = useState<{
+    key: string
+    verdict: StructuredChatHostPermissionVerdict
+  } | null>(null)
+  // Not in the key: a held chat stays held while it asks again.
+  const [recheck, setRecheck] = useState(0)
+  const held = answer?.key === key && answer.verdict.kind !== 'allowed'
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!held) {
+      return
+    }
+    const timer = setTimeout(() => setRecheck((n) => n + 1), HELD_RECHECK_MS)
+    return () => clearTimeout(timer)
+  }, [answer, held])
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!gated || environmentId === null) {
+      return
+    }
+    return subscribeRuntimeHostContactRegained(environmentId, () => setContact((n) => n + 1))
+  }, [environmentId, gated])
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!gated || environmentId === null) {
+      return
+    }
+    let cancelled = false
+    void readStructuredChatHostPermissionVerdict(
+      { kind: 'environment', environmentId },
+      agent,
+      requested
+    ).then((verdict) => {
+      if (!cancelled) {
+        setAnswer({ key, verdict })
+      }
+    })
+    return () => {
+      cancelled = true
+    }
+  }, [agent, contact, environmentId, gated, key, recheck, requested])
+  if (!gated) {
+    return { kind: 'allowed' }
+  }
+  return answer?.key === key ? answer.verdict : { kind: 'checking' }
+}
diff --git a/src/shared/agent-chat-permission-host-support.test.ts b/src/shared/agent-chat-permission-host-support.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..35ab22b0020
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/shared/agent-chat-permission-host-support.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
+import {
+  chatPermissionHostVerdict,
+  hostSettingsApplyChatPermissionModes,
+  legacyHostChatPermissionMode
+} from './agent-chat-permission-host-support'
+import { RUNTIME_CAPABILITIES } from './protocol-version'
+import { AGENT_SESSION_PERMISSION_MODES_RUNTIME_CAPABILITY } from './agent-session-permission-modes-capability'
+
+describe('what a host predating per-chat modes runs', () => {
+  it('is Full access on its default Agent Permissions, which carry the bypass flag', () => {
+    expect(legacyHostChatPermissionMode('claude', { agentDefaultArgs: {} })).toBe('full-access')
+    expect(legacyHostChatPermissionMode('codex', {})).toBe('full-access')
+  })
+
+  it('is Ask once the host switched that agent to Manual', () => {
+    expect(legacyHostChatPermissionMode('claude', { agentDefaultArgs: { claude: '' } })).toBe('ask')
+    expect(
+      legacyHostChatPermissionMode('codex', { agentDefaultArgs: { codex: '--model x' } })
+    ).toBe('ask')
+  })
+
+  it('reads a bypass flag any shell the host might use would pass', () => {
+    expect(
+      legacyHostChatPermissionMode('claude', {
+        agentDefaultArgs: { claude: '--verbose --dangerously-skip-permissions' }
+      })
+    ).toBe('full-access')
+  })
+
+  it('names no mode for an agent without chat modes', () => {
+    expect(legacyHostChatPermissionMode('grok', {})).toBeNull()
+  })
+})
+
+describe('whether a host applies per-chat modes', () => {
+  it('is told by the new-chat default its settings carry from 1.4.225 on', () => {
+    expect(hostSettingsApplyChatPermissionModes({ nativeChatPermissionMode: 'ask' })).toBe(true)
+    expect(hostSettingsApplyChatPermissionModes({ agentDefaultArgs: {} })).toBe(false)
+    expect(hostSettingsApplyChatPermissionModes(undefined)).toBe(false)
+  })
+
+  it('is advertised by this build', () => {
+    expect(RUNTIME_CAPABILITIES).toContain(AGENT_SESSION_PERMISSION_MODES_RUNTIME_CAPABILITY)
+  })
+})
+
+describe('the verdict on a chat start or turn', () => {
+  const legacy = { agent: 'claude', hostAppliesModes: false } as const
+
+  it('refuses an older host that would run with more access than asked for', () => {
+    expect(
+      chatPermissionHostVerdict({ ...legacy, legacyMode: 'full-access', requested: 'ask' })
+    ).toEqual({ kind: 'refused', hostMode: 'full-access' })
+    expect(
+      chatPermissionHostVerdict({ ...legacy, legacyMode: 'full-access', requested: 'auto' }).kind
+    ).toBe('refused')
+  })
+
+  it('reads an unknown or missing request as Ask, never as more access', () => {
+    expect(
+      chatPermissionHostVerdict({ ...legacy, legacyMode: 'full-access', requested: undefined }).kind
+    ).toBe('refused')
+    expect(
+      chatPermissionHostVerdict({ ...legacy, legacyMode: 'full-access', requested: 'yolo' }).kind
+    ).toBe('refused')
+  })
+
+  it('refuses a host whose Agent Permissions could not be read', () => {
+    expect(
+      chatPermissionHostVerdict({ ...legacy, legacyMode: undefined, requested: 'ask' })
+    ).toEqual({ kind: 'refused', hostMode: null })
+  })
+
+  it('allows an older host that runs no more access than asked for', () => {
+    expect(chatPermissionHostVerdict({ ...legacy, legacyMode: 'ask', requested: 'ask' }).kind).toBe(
+      'allowed'
+    )
+    expect(
+      chatPermissionHostVerdict({ ...legacy, legacyMode: 'full-access', requested: 'full-access' })
+        .kind
+    ).toBe('allowed')
+  })
+
+  it('allows a host that applies modes, and an agent with none', () => {
+    expect(
+      chatPermissionHostVerdict({
+        agent: 'claude',
+        hostAppliesModes: true,
+        legacyMode: 'full-access',
+        requested: 'ask'
+      }).kind
+    ).toBe('allowed')
+    expect(
+      chatPermissionHostVerdict({
+        agent: 'grok',
+        hostAppliesModes: false,
+        legacyMode: null,
+        requested: 'ask'
+      }).kind
+    ).toBe('allowed')
+  })
+})
diff --git a/src/shared/agent-chat-permission-host-support.ts b/src/shared/agent-chat-permission-host-support.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..918273ef2eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/shared/agent-chat-permission-host-support.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+import {
+  AGENT_CHAT_PERMISSION_MODES,
+  agentChatPermissionModes,
+  isAgentChatPermissionMode,
+  type AgentChatPermissionMode
+} from './agent-chat-permission-mode'
+import {
+  resolveTuiAgentLaunchArgs,
+  tuiAgentArgsBypassPermissions
+} from './tui-agent-launch-defaults'
+import type { AgentStartupShell } from './tui-agent-startup-shell'
+import { isTuiAgent } from './tui-agent-config'
+
+/** Every shell a host could parse its arguments with: any one granting bypass counts. */
+const HOST_STARTUP_SHELLS: readonly AgentStartupShell[] = ['posix', 'powershell', 'cmd']
+
+/** Whether a host's own settings (`settings.get`) show it applies per-chat modes. */
+export function hostSettingsApplyChatPermissionModes(settings: unknown): boolean {
+  return (
+    typeof settings === 'object' &&
+    settings !== null &&
+    'nativeChatPermissionMode' in settings &&
+    isAgentChatPermissionMode(settings.nativeChatPermissionMode)
+  )
+}
+
+/**
+ * The mode a host predating per-chat modes runs this agent's chats in: Full access when its Agent
+ * Permissions carry the bypass flag, else Ask. Null for an agent with no chat modes.
+ */
+export function legacyHostChatPermissionMode(
+  agent: string,
+  settings: unknown
+): AgentChatPermissionMode | null {
+  if (!agentChatPermissionModes(agent) || !isTuiAgent(agent)) {
+    return null
+  }
+  const configured =
+    typeof settings === 'object' && settings !== null && 'agentDefaultArgs' in settings
+      ? settings.agentDefaultArgs
+      : undefined
+  const raw =
+    typeof configured === 'object' && configured !== null && agent in configured
+      ? Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(configured, agent)?.value
+      : undefined
+  const args = resolveTuiAgentLaunchArgs(agent, typeof raw === 'string' ? { [agent]: raw } : {})
+  return HOST_STARTUP_SHELLS.some((shell) => tuiAgentArgsBypassPermissions(agent, args, shell))
+    ? 'full-access'
+    : 'ask'
+}
+
+function accessRank(mode: AgentChatPermissionMode): number {
+  return AGENT_CHAT_PERMISSION_MODES.indexOf(mode)
+}
+
+/** What the host may be asked to run. `refused` names the access the host would grant instead. */
+export type ChatPermissionHostVerdict =
+  | { kind: 'allowed' }
+  | { kind: 'refused'; hostMode: AgentChatPermissionMode | null }
+
+/**
+ * Whether a chat may start or take a turn on its host. A host that predates per-chat modes is
+ * allowed only where it is known to grant no more access than `requested`: an unreadable host
+ * (`legacyMode` undefined) is refused, never assumed strict.
+ */
+export function chatPermissionHostVerdict(args: {
+  agent: string
+  hostAppliesModes: boolean
+  legacyMode: AgentChatPermissionMode | null | undefined
+  requested: unknown
+}): ChatPermissionHostVerdict {
+  if (args.hostAppliesModes || !agentChatPermissionModes(args.agent) || args.legacyMode === null) {
+    return { kind: 'allowed' }
+  }
+  const requested = isAgentChatPermissionMode(args.requested) ? args.requested : 'ask'
+  if (args.legacyMode !== undefined && accessRank(args.legacyMode) <= accessRank(requested)) {
+    return { kind: 'allowed' }
+  }
+  return { kind: 'refused', hostMode: args.legacyMode ?? null }
+}
diff --git a/src/shared/agent-session-permission-modes-capability.ts b/src/shared/agent-session-permission-modes-capability.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2a54f37ff8f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/shared/agent-session-permission-modes-capability.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+// Split out of protocol-version.ts, which lists it in RUNTIME_CAPABILITIES. Import it from here.
+
+// Why: a host predating per-chat modes ignores them and runs its Agent Permissions, so a client
+// must know before it lets a chat there start or take a turn. 1.4.225–1.4.226 apply modes without
+// advertising this; they are recognised by the `nativeChatPermissionMode` their settings carry.
+export const AGENT_SESSION_PERMISSION_MODES_RUNTIME_CAPABILITY =
+  'agent-session.permission-modes.v1' as const
diff --git a/src/shared/protocol-version.ts b/src/shared/protocol-version.ts
index 18193c55454..7b74d7db262 100644
--- a/src/shared/protocol-version.ts
+++ b/src/shared/protocol-version.ts
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ import { QODER_OWNED_TERMINAL_CREATE_CAPABILITY } from './qoder-terminal-create-
 import { SESSION_TABS_RUNTIME_CAPABILITIES } from './session-tabs-runtime-capabilities'
 export { SESSION_TABS_SPLIT_GROUP_PLACEMENT_RUNTIME_CAPABILITY } from './session-tabs-runtime-capabilities'
 import { AGENT_SESSION_CONTINUE_INTERRUPTED_RUNTIME_CAPABILITY } from './agent-session-continue-interrupted-capability'
+import { AGENT_SESSION_PERMISSION_MODES_RUNTIME_CAPABILITY } from './agent-session-permission-modes-capability'
 import { ORCAD_RUNTIME_CAPABILITIES } from './orcad-runtime-capabilities'
 import { DEVICE_KEY_RUNTIME_CAPABILITIES } from './device-key-capability'
 import { TERMINAL_QUICK_COMMAND_RUNTIME_CAPABILITIES } from './terminal-quick-command-capabilities'
@@ -240,6 +241,7 @@ export const RUNTIME_CAPABILITIES = [
   AGENT_SESSION_QUEUED_COMMANDS_RUNTIME_CAPABILITY,
   AGENT_SESSION_QUEUED_MESSAGE_EDIT_RUNTIME_CAPABILITY,
   AGENT_SESSION_CONTINUE_INTERRUPTED_RUNTIME_CAPABILITY,
+  AGENT_SESSION_PERMISSION_MODES_RUNTIME_CAPABILITY,
   ...STRUCTURED_AGENT_SESSION_SURFACE_RUNTIME_CAPABILITIES,
   ...AGENT_SESSION_ATTENTION_RUNTIME_CAPABILITIES,
   AGENT_SESSION_REWIND_RUNTIME_CAPABILITY,
diff --git a/src/shared/structured-agent-session-permission-option.ts b/src/shared/structured-agent-session-permission-option.ts
index 9bf74de0a2d..7ba4b232d3e 100644
--- a/src/shared/structured-agent-session-permission-option.ts
+++ b/src/shared/structured-agent-session-permission-option.ts
@@ -80,3 +80,30 @@ export function structuredAgentSessionPermissionDescriptor(state: {
     settable: true
   }
 }
+
+/** The value a host predating per-chat modes shows: it runs its own Agent Permissions. */
+export const LEGACY_HOST_PERMISSION_VALUE = 'host'
+
+/** A read-only pill for a host that ignores per-chat modes, so its chats never look unset. */
+export function legacyHostPermissionDescriptor(): SessionOptionDescriptor {
+  return {
+    id: AGENT_CHAT_PERMISSION_MODE_OPTION_ID,
+    label: 'Permissions',
+    category: 'mode',
+    kind: {
+      type: 'select',
+      currentValue: LEGACY_HOST_PERMISSION_VALUE,
+      choices: [
+        {
+          value: LEGACY_HOST_PERMISSION_VALUE,
+          label: "Host's Agent Permissions",
+          description:
+            "This host runs an older Orca that applies its Agent Permissions to every chat and can't ask per chat. Update Orca on the host to choose a mode here."
+        }
+      ]
+    },
+    valueSource: 'applied',
+    transport: 'agent-session',
+    settable: false
+  }
+}