diff --git a/src/main/daemon/daemon-pty-router.test.ts b/src/main/daemon/daemon-pty-router.test.ts
index f088889e7bb..b85f940179f 100644
--- a/src/main/daemon/daemon-pty-router.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/daemon/daemon-pty-router.test.ts
@@ -157,6 +157,26 @@ describe('DaemonPtyRouter', () => {
     expect(exit).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
   })
 
+  it('retains a same-adapter replacement across an older process listing', async () => {
+    const current = createAdapter('current')
+    const legacy = createAdapter('legacy', ['shared-session'])
+    const router = new DaemonPtyRouter({ current, legacy: [legacy] })
+    await router.discoverLegacySessions()
+    let finishLegacyListing!: (sessions: []) => void
+    vi.mocked(legacy.listProcesses).mockImplementationOnce(
+      () => new Promise((resolve) => (finishLegacyListing = resolve))
+    )
+
+    const staleListing = router.listProcesses()
+    await router.spawn({ sessionId: 'shared-session', cols: 80, rows: 24 })
+    finishLegacyListing([])
+    await staleListing
+    router.write('shared-session', 'replacement')
+
+    expect(legacy.write).toHaveBeenCalledWith('shared-session', 'replacement')
+    expect(current.write).not.toHaveBeenCalledWith('shared-session', 'replacement')
+  })
+
   it('routes fresh foreground confirmation to the session-owning daemon', async () => {
     const current = createAdapter('current', ['current-session'])
     const legacy = createAdapter('legacy', ['legacy-session'])
diff --git a/src/main/daemon/daemon-pty-router.ts b/src/main/daemon/daemon-pty-router.ts
index a5286e9537b..cea03a059f3 100644
--- a/src/main/daemon/daemon-pty-router.ts
+++ b/src/main/daemon/daemon-pty-router.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,13 @@
 import type { DaemonPtyAdapter } from './daemon-pty-adapter'
-import { listProviderProcessesAndReconcileRoutes } from './pty-provider-route-reconciliation'
+import {
+  appendProviderReconciliationIds,
+  bindProviderRoute,
+  bindProviderRouteIfAbsent,
+  deleteProviderRoute,
+  listProviderProcessesAndReconcileRoutes,
+  reconcileProviderRoutesAfterStartup,
+  type ProviderRoute
+} from './pty-provider-route-reconciliation'
 import type {
   IPtyProvider,
   PtyBackgroundStreamEvent,
@@ -14,7 +22,7 @@ export class DaemonPtyRouter implements IPtyProvider {
   readonly requiresShutdownExitProof = true
   private current: DaemonPtyAdapter
   private legacy: DaemonPtyAdapter[]
-  private sessionAdapters = new Map<string, DaemonPtyAdapter>()
+  private sessionAdapters = new Map<string, ProviderRoute<DaemonPtyAdapter>>()
   private unsubscribers: (() => void)[] = []
   private dataListeners: ((payload: {
     id: string
@@ -37,12 +45,12 @@ export class DaemonPtyRouter implements IPtyProvider {
         adapter.onExit((payload) => {
           // Why: a late exit from a legacy daemon must not delete a route that
           // has already been rebound to a replacement provider generation.
-          const routed = this.sessionAdapters.get(payload.id)
-          if (routed && routed !== adapter) {
+          const route = this.sessionAdapters.get(payload.id)
+          if (route && route.provider !== adapter) {
             return
           }
-          if (routed === adapter) {
-            this.sessionAdapters.delete(payload.id)
+          if (route?.provider === adapter) {
+            deleteProviderRoute(this.sessionAdapters, payload.id, route)
           }
           for (const listener of this.exitListeners) {
             listener(payload)
@@ -57,7 +65,7 @@ export class DaemonPtyRouter implements IPtyProvider {
       try {
         const sessions = await adapter.listProcesses()
         for (const session of sessions) {
-          this.sessionAdapters.set(session.id, adapter)
+          bindProviderRouteIfAbsent(this.sessionAdapters, session.id, adapter)
         }
       } catch (error) {
         console.warn('[daemon] Failed to discover legacy daemon sessions', error)
@@ -66,10 +74,10 @@ export class DaemonPtyRouter implements IPtyProvider {
   }
 
   async spawn(opts: PtySpawnOptions): Promise<PtySpawnResult> {
-    const adapter = opts.sessionId ? this.sessionAdapters.get(opts.sessionId) : undefined
+    const adapter = opts.sessionId ? this.sessionAdapters.get(opts.sessionId)?.provider : undefined
     const target = adapter ?? this.current
     const result = await target.spawn(opts)
-    this.sessionAdapters.set(result.id, target)
+    bindProviderRoute(this.sessionAdapters, result.id, target)
     return result
   }
 
@@ -78,7 +86,7 @@ export class DaemonPtyRouter implements IPtyProvider {
   }
 
   hasPty(id: string): boolean {
-    const routed = this.sessionAdapters.get(id)
+    const routed = this.sessionAdapters.get(id)?.provider
     if (routed) {
       return routed.hasPty(id)
     }
@@ -228,21 +236,10 @@ export class DaemonPtyRouter implements IPtyProvider {
     const alive: string[] = []
     const killed: string[] = []
     for (const adapter of this.allAdapters()) {
+      const routesAtStart = new Map(this.sessionAdapters)
       const result = await adapter.reconcileOnStartup(validWorktreeIds)
-      // Why: daemon startup can reconcile many restored sessions; spreading
-      // those arrays into push can exceed JavaScript's argument limit.
-      for (const id of result.alive) {
-        alive.push(id)
-      }
-      for (const id of result.killed) {
-        killed.push(id)
-      }
-      for (const id of result.alive) {
-        this.sessionAdapters.set(id, adapter)
-      }
-      for (const id of result.killed) {
-        this.sessionAdapters.delete(id)
-      }
+      appendProviderReconciliationIds({ alive, killed }, result)
+      reconcileProviderRoutesAfterStartup(this.sessionAdapters, routesAtStart, adapter, result)
     }
     return { alive, killed }
   }
@@ -295,7 +292,7 @@ export class DaemonPtyRouter implements IPtyProvider {
   }
 
   private adapterFor(sessionId: string): DaemonPtyAdapter {
-    return this.sessionAdapters.get(sessionId) ?? this.current
+    return this.sessionAdapters.get(sessionId)?.provider ?? this.current
   }
 
   private allAdapters(): DaemonPtyAdapter[] {
diff --git a/src/main/daemon/degraded-daemon-fallback-shutdown.ts b/src/main/daemon/degraded-daemon-fallback-shutdown.ts
index 0d4932d6c20..c53f3961854 100644
--- a/src/main/daemon/degraded-daemon-fallback-shutdown.ts
+++ b/src/main/daemon/degraded-daemon-fallback-shutdown.ts
@@ -1,16 +1,15 @@
 import type { IPtyProvider } from '../providers/types'
+import { deleteProviderRoute, type ProviderRoute } from './pty-provider-route-reconciliation'
 
 export async function shutdownDegradedFallbackSessions<T extends IPtyProvider>(
-  sessionProviders: Map<string, T>,
+  sessionProviders: Map<string, ProviderRoute<T>>,
   fallback: T
 ): Promise<number> {
-  const ids = [...sessionProviders]
-    .filter(([, provider]) => provider === fallback)
-    .map(([id]) => id)
+  const routes = [...sessionProviders].filter(([, route]) => route.provider === fallback)
   const results = await Promise.allSettled(
-    ids.map(async (id) => {
+    routes.map(async ([id, route]) => {
       await fallback.shutdown(id, { immediate: true })
-      sessionProviders.delete(id)
+      deleteProviderRoute(sessionProviders, id, route)
     })
   )
   // Why: fallback cleanup must not abort the user's daemon-restart recovery path.
diff --git a/src/main/daemon/degraded-daemon-pty-provider.test.ts b/src/main/daemon/degraded-daemon-pty-provider.test.ts
index ef9abccbf31..8e0f25e7e0a 100644
--- a/src/main/daemon/degraded-daemon-pty-provider.test.ts
+++ b/src/main/daemon/degraded-daemon-pty-provider.test.ts
@@ -128,6 +128,27 @@ describe('DegradedDaemonPtyProvider', () => {
     expect(fallback.write).toHaveBeenCalledWith('shared-session', 'after-exit')
   })
 
+  it('retains a same-provider replacement across an older process listing', async () => {
+    const current = createDaemonAdapter('daemon', ['shared-session'])
+    const fallback = createProvider('fallback')
+    const provider = new DegradedDaemonPtyProvider({ current, legacy: [], fallback })
+    await provider.discoverDaemonSessions()
+    let finishDaemonListing!: (sessions: []) => void
+    vi.mocked(current.listProcesses).mockImplementationOnce(
+      () => new Promise((resolve) => (finishDaemonListing = resolve))
+    )
+
+    const staleListing = provider.listProcesses()
+    await provider.spawn({ sessionId: 'shared-session', cols: 80, rows: 24 })
+    finishDaemonListing([])
+    await staleListing
+    provider.write('shared-session', 'replacement')
+
+    expect(provider.getCurrentDaemonSessionIds()).toEqual(['shared-session'])
+    expect(current.write).toHaveBeenCalledWith('shared-session', 'replacement')
+    expect(fallback.write).not.toHaveBeenCalledWith('shared-session', 'replacement')
+  })
+
   it('routes fresh foreground confirmation to the session owner', async () => {
     const current = createDaemonAdapter('daemon', ['daemon-session'])
     const fallback = createProvider('fallback')
diff --git a/src/main/daemon/degraded-daemon-pty-provider.ts b/src/main/daemon/degraded-daemon-pty-provider.ts
index 054ba1db04c..6ea8601f34a 100644
--- a/src/main/daemon/degraded-daemon-pty-provider.ts
+++ b/src/main/daemon/degraded-daemon-pty-provider.ts
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ export class DegradedDaemonPtyProvider implements IPtyProvider {
   private current: DaemonPtyAdapter
   private legacy: DaemonPtyAdapter[]
   private fallback: ManagedPtyProvider
-  private sessionProviders = new Map<string, ManagedPtyProvider>()
+  private sessionProviders = new Map<string, PtyRoutes.ProviderRoute<ManagedPtyProvider>>()
   private unsubscribers: (() => void)[] = []
   private dataListeners: ((payload: {
     id: string
@@ -53,12 +53,12 @@ export class DegradedDaemonPtyProvider implements IPtyProvider {
         provider.onExit((payload) => {
           // Why: a late exit from an old daemon must not delete a route that
           // has already been rebound to the local fallback or another daemon.
-          const routed = this.sessionProviders.get(payload.id)
-          if (routed && routed !== provider) {
+          const route = this.sessionProviders.get(payload.id)
+          if (route && route.provider !== provider) {
             return
           }
-          if (routed === provider) {
-            this.sessionProviders.delete(payload.id)
+          if (route?.provider === provider) {
+            PtyRoutes.deleteProviderRoute(this.sessionProviders, payload.id, route)
           }
           for (const listener of this.exitListeners) {
             listener(payload)
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ export class DegradedDaemonPtyProvider implements IPtyProvider {
       try {
         const sessions = await adapter.listProcesses()
         for (const session of sessions) {
-          this.sessionProviders.set(session.id, adapter)
+          PtyRoutes.bindProviderRouteIfAbsent(this.sessionProviders, session.id, adapter)
         }
       } catch (error) {
         console.warn('[daemon] Failed to discover degraded daemon sessions', error)
@@ -82,10 +82,10 @@ export class DegradedDaemonPtyProvider implements IPtyProvider {
   }
 
   async spawn(opts: PtySpawnOptions): Promise<PtySpawnResult> {
-    const mapped = opts.sessionId ? this.sessionProviders.get(opts.sessionId) : undefined
+    const mapped = opts.sessionId ? this.sessionProviders.get(opts.sessionId)?.provider : undefined
     const target = mapped ?? this.fallback
     const result = await target.spawn(opts)
-    this.sessionProviders.set(result.id, target)
+    PtyRoutes.bindProviderRoute(this.sessionProviders, result.id, target)
     return result
   }
 
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ export class DegradedDaemonPtyProvider implements IPtyProvider {
   }
 
   hasPty(id: string): boolean {
-    const mapped = this.sessionProviders.get(id)
+    const mapped = this.sessionProviders.get(id)?.provider
     if (mapped) {
       return mapped.hasPty?.(id) ?? true
     }
@@ -263,15 +263,15 @@ export class DegradedDaemonPtyProvider implements IPtyProvider {
     const alive: string[] = []
     const killed: string[] = []
     for (const adapter of this.allDaemonAdapters()) {
+      const routesAtStart = new Map(this.sessionProviders)
       const result = await adapter.reconcileOnStartup(validWorktreeIds)
-      for (const id of result.alive) {
-        alive.push(id)
-        this.sessionProviders.set(id, adapter)
-      }
-      for (const id of result.killed) {
-        killed.push(id)
-        this.sessionProviders.delete(id)
-      }
+      PtyRoutes.appendProviderReconciliationIds({ alive, killed }, result)
+      PtyRoutes.reconcileProviderRoutesAfterStartup(
+        this.sessionProviders,
+        routesAtStart,
+        adapter,
+        result
+      )
     }
     return { alive, killed }
   }
@@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ export class DegradedDaemonPtyProvider implements IPtyProvider {
 
   fanoutCurrentDaemonSyntheticExits(code: number): void {
     for (const id of this.getCurrentDaemonSessionIds()) {
-      this.sessionProviders.delete(id)
+      PtyRoutes.deleteProviderRoute(this.sessionProviders, id)
       // Why: sessions discovered from listProcesses may not exist in the
       // adapter's active-session set, but restart still kills that daemon.
       // oxlint-disable-next-line unicorn/no-useless-spread -- copy-safe: listeners may unsubscribe during iteration
@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@ export class DegradedDaemonPtyProvider implements IPtyProvider {
 
   private providerFor(sessionId: string): ManagedPtyProvider {
     return (
-      this.sessionProviders.get(sessionId) ??
+      this.sessionProviders.get(sessionId)?.provider ??
       this.findProviderForExistingSession(sessionId) ??
       this.fallback
     )
@@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ export class DegradedDaemonPtyProvider implements IPtyProvider {
   private findProviderForExistingSession(sessionId: string): ManagedPtyProvider | null {
     for (const provider of this.allProviders()) {
       if (provider.hasPty?.(sessionId) === true) {
-        this.sessionProviders.set(sessionId, provider)
+        PtyRoutes.bindProviderRoute(this.sessionProviders, sessionId, provider)
         return provider
       }
     }
@@ -345,7 +345,7 @@ export class DegradedDaemonPtyProvider implements IPtyProvider {
   }
 
   private daemonAdapterFor(sessionId: string): DaemonPtyAdapter | null {
-    const provider = this.sessionProviders.get(sessionId)
+    const provider = this.sessionProviders.get(sessionId)?.provider
     return provider && this.allDaemonAdapters().includes(provider as DaemonPtyAdapter)
       ? (provider as DaemonPtyAdapter)
       : null
diff --git a/src/main/daemon/pty-provider-route-reconciliation.ts b/src/main/daemon/pty-provider-route-reconciliation.ts
index 2f84b144661..124a042b3d8 100644
--- a/src/main/daemon/pty-provider-route-reconciliation.ts
+++ b/src/main/daemon/pty-provider-route-reconciliation.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,78 @@
 import type { IPtyProvider, PtyProcessInfo } from '../providers/types'
 
+export type ProviderRoute<T> = Readonly<{ provider: T }>
+
+export function bindProviderRoute<T>(
+  routes: Map<string, ProviderRoute<T>>,
+  id: string,
+  provider: T
+): ProviderRoute<T> {
+  // Why: the immutable binding object is the generation token; rebinding the
+  // same id to the same provider must still fence older async readbacks.
+  const route = { provider }
+  routes.set(id, route)
+  return route
+}
+
+export function bindProviderRouteIfAbsent<T>(
+  routes: Map<string, ProviderRoute<T>>,
+  id: string,
+  provider: T
+): void {
+  if (!routes.has(id)) {
+    bindProviderRoute(routes, id, provider)
+  }
+}
+
+export function deleteProviderRoute<T>(
+  routes: Map<string, ProviderRoute<T>>,
+  id: string,
+  expectedRoute?: ProviderRoute<T>
+): boolean {
+  if (expectedRoute && routes.get(id) !== expectedRoute) {
+    return false
+  }
+  return routes.delete(id)
+}
+
+export function reconcileProviderRoutesAfterStartup<T>(
+  routes: Map<string, ProviderRoute<T>>,
+  routesAtStart: Map<string, ProviderRoute<T>>,
+  provider: T,
+  result: { alive: string[]; killed: string[] }
+): void {
+  // Why: startup reconciliation may overlap a respawn; only its unchanged
+  // binding generation may be replaced or removed by the older readback.
+  for (const id of result.alive) {
+    if (routes.get(id) === routesAtStart.get(id)) {
+      bindProviderRoute(routes, id, provider)
+    }
+  }
+  for (const id of result.killed) {
+    const routeAtStart = routesAtStart.get(id)
+    if (routeAtStart) {
+      deleteProviderRoute(routes, id, routeAtStart)
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+export function appendProviderReconciliationIds(
+  target: { alive: string[]; killed: string[] },
+  result: { alive: string[]; killed: string[] }
+): void {
+  // Why: daemon startup can return enough sessions to exceed JavaScript's
+  // argument limit if these arrays are appended with spread syntax.
+  for (const id of result.alive) {
+    target.alive.push(id)
+  }
+  for (const id of result.killed) {
+    target.killed.push(id)
+  }
+}
+
 export async function listProviderProcessesAndReconcileRoutes<T extends IPtyProvider>(
   providers: readonly T[],
-  routes: Map<string, T>
+  routes: Map<string, ProviderRoute<T>>
 ): Promise<PtyProcessInfo[]> {
   const routesAtStart = [...routes]
   const listings = await Promise.all(
@@ -11,16 +81,20 @@ export async function listProviderProcessesAndReconcileRoutes<T extends IPtyProv
   const liveIdsByProvider = new Map(
     listings.map(({ provider, sessions }) => [provider, new Set(sessions.map(({ id }) => id))])
   )
-  for (const [id, provider] of routesAtStart) {
+  for (const [id, route] of routesAtStart) {
     // Why: spawn/exit can mutate routing while remote listings are in flight.
-    // Never let that older snapshot delete a route rebound to another owner.
-    if (routes.get(id) === provider && !liveIdsByProvider.get(provider)?.has(id)) {
+    // Compare the exact binding, not only its provider: ids can be rebound to
+    // a new process on the same provider while this snapshot is pending.
+    if (routes.get(id) === route && !liveIdsByProvider.get(route.provider)?.has(id)) {
       routes.delete(id)
     }
   }
   return listings.flatMap(({ sessions }) => sessions)
 }
 
-export function providerSessionIds<T>(routes: Map<string, T>, provider: T): string[] {
-  return [...routes].filter(([, routedProvider]) => routedProvider === provider).map(([id]) => id)
+export function providerSessionIds<T>(
+  routes: Map<string, ProviderRoute<T>>,
+  provider: T
+): string[] {
+  return [...routes].filter(([, route]) => route.provider === provider).map(([id]) => id)
 }