Automated App Launches

Set ORCA_BACKGROUND_LAUNCH=1 for all tests and agent-launched apps. Use orca-app.ts / orca-restart.ts; raw electron.launch() calls must pass the env explicitly.
Keep windows hidden and drive renderers through Playwright CDP. Never reveal windows, steal focus, or activate the app on the user's desktop. @headful is for tests requiring real pixels; it does not authorize foreground activation. Never set ORCA_E2E_FOREGROUND=1 on the desktop.
Run native-focus and visible-window tests only on an isolated display or CI.
Rebuild modified launch-policy code before launching; stale wrappers are unsafe.
Only the terminal perf and native IBus fixtures may explicitly present windows on their isolated hosted-CI Xvfb displays. Preserve their guards and keep ORCA_BACKGROUND_LAUNCH=1; do not generalize these exceptions to other fixtures or production launch policy. Background terminal panes stay hidden.