windmill/backend/windmill-api/src/lib.rs

/*
 * Author: Ruben Fiszel
 * Copyright: Windmill Labs, Inc 2022
 * This file and its contents are licensed under the AGPLv3 License.
 * Please see the included NOTICE for copyright information and
 * LICENSE-AGPL for a copy of the license.
 */

use crate::db::ApiAuthed;
#[cfg(feature = "embedding")]
use crate::embeddings::load_embeddings_db;
#[cfg(feature = "oauth2")]
use crate::oauth2_oss::SlackVerifier;
#[cfg(feature = "smtp")]
use crate::smtp_server_oss::SmtpServer;
#[cfg(feature = "enterprise")]
use windmill_api_auth::ee_oss::ExternalJwks;
use windmill_store::resources::public_service;

#[cfg(feature = "mcp")]
use crate::mcp::{extract_and_store_workspace_id, setup_mcp_server};
use crate::triggers::start_all_listeners;
use tower_http::catch_panic::CatchPanicLayer;

use crate::tracing_init::MyOnFailure;
use crate::{
    s3_log_batching::{s3_proxy_log_middleware, FLUSH_INTERVAL_MS},
    tracing_init::{MyMakeSpan, MyOnResponse},
    users::OptAuthed,
    webhook_util::WebhookShared,
};
#[cfg(feature = "agent_worker_server")]
use windmill_api_agent_workers::AgentCache;

use anyhow::Context;
use argon2::Argon2;
use axum::body::Body;
use axum::extract::DefaultBodyLimit;
use axum::http::HeaderValue;
use axum::response::Response;
use axum::serve::ListenerExt;
use axum::{middleware::from_extractor, routing::get, routing::post, Extension, Json, Router};
use db::DB;
use tokio::task::JoinHandle;
use windmill_common::global_settings::load_value_from_global_settings;
use windmill_common::global_settings::EMAIL_DOMAIN_SETTING;
use windmill_common::worker::HUB_CACHE_DIR;

use std::fs::DirBuilder;
use std::sync::Arc;
use std::time::Duration;
use tokio::sync::RwLock;
use tower::ServiceBuilder;
use tower_cookies::CookieManagerLayer;
use tower_http::{
    cors::{Any, CorsLayer},
    trace::TraceLayer,
};
use windmill_common::db::UserDB;
use windmill_common::worker::CLOUD_HOSTED;
#[allow(unused_imports)]
pub(crate) use windmill_common::BASE_URL;
use windmill_common::{utils::GIT_VERSION, INSTANCE_NAME};

use crate::scim_oss::has_scim_token;
use windmill_common::error::AppError;

mod ai;
#[cfg(feature = "private")]
mod ai_free_tier_ee;
mod ai_free_tier_oss;
mod apps;
mod apps_raw_bundle;
pub use apps::invalidate_app_policy_cache;
pub mod args;
mod audit;
pub mod auth;
#[cfg(all(feature = "private", feature = "parquet"))]
pub mod azure_proxy_ee;
mod azure_proxy_oss;
mod capture;
mod concurrency_groups;
mod db;
mod db_health;
mod dbt;
mod docs;
mod drafts;

#[cfg(feature = "private")]
pub mod ee;
pub mod ee_oss;
pub mod embeddings;
mod favorite;
pub mod flows;
mod folder_history;
mod folders;
mod granular_acls;
mod group_history;
mod groups;
mod health;
mod hub_publish;
#[cfg(feature = "private")]
pub mod indexer_ee;
mod indexer_oss;
mod integration;
mod internal_db;
mod live_migrations;
mod runnables;
#[cfg(all(feature = "private", feature = "parquet"))]
pub mod s3_proxy_ee;
mod s3_proxy_oss;
#[cfg(all(feature = "private", feature = "parquet"))]
pub mod storage_list_ee;
#[cfg(feature = "parquet")]
mod storage_list_oss;
mod workspace_dependencies;

mod ai_evals;
mod approvals;
#[cfg(all(feature = "enterprise", feature = "private"))]
pub mod apps_ee;
#[cfg(feature = "enterprise")]
mod apps_oss;
#[cfg(all(feature = "enterprise", feature = "private"))]
pub mod git_sync_ee;
#[cfg(feature = "enterprise")]
mod git_sync_oss;
#[cfg(all(feature = "parquet", feature = "private"))]
pub mod job_helpers_ee;
#[cfg(feature = "parquet")]
mod job_helpers_oss;
pub mod job_metrics;
pub mod jobs;
pub mod jobs_export;
#[cfg(all(feature = "oauth2", feature = "private"))]
pub mod oauth2_ee;
#[cfg(feature = "oauth2")]
pub mod oauth2_oss;
#[cfg(feature = "private")]
pub mod oidc_ee;
mod oidc_oss;
mod path_autocomplete;
mod raw_apps;
mod resources;
#[cfg(feature = "private")]
pub mod saml_ee;
mod saml_oss;
#[cfg(feature = "private")]
pub mod scim_ee;
mod scim_oss;
mod scripts;
mod secret_backend_ext;
mod service_logs;
mod slack_approvals;
#[cfg(all(feature = "smtp", feature = "private"))]
pub mod smtp_server_ee;
#[cfg(feature = "smtp")]
mod smtp_server_oss;
#[cfg(feature = "private")]
pub mod teams_approvals_ee;
mod teams_approvals_oss;
mod workspace_shared_ui;

#[cfg(feature = "native_trigger")]
pub mod native_triggers;
mod offboarding;
mod public_app_layer;
mod public_app_rate_limit;
mod s3_log_batching;
mod static_assets;
#[cfg(all(feature = "stripe", feature = "enterprise", feature = "private"))]
pub mod stripe_ee;
#[cfg(all(feature = "stripe", feature = "enterprise"))]
mod stripe_oss;
#[cfg(feature = "private")]
pub mod teams_cache_ee;
mod teams_cache_oss;
#[cfg(feature = "private")]
pub mod teams_ee;
mod teams_oss;
mod token;
mod tracing_init;
mod trash;
mod trigger_history;
pub mod triggers;
mod users;
#[cfg(feature = "private")]
pub mod users_ee;
mod users_oss;
mod utils;
mod variables;
#[cfg(feature = "private")]
pub mod volumes_ee;
mod volumes_oss;
pub mod webhook_util;
mod workspaces;
#[cfg(feature = "private")]
pub mod workspaces_ee;
mod workspaces_export;

#[cfg(feature = "mcp")]
mod mcp_tools;

#[cfg(feature = "mcp")]
mod mcp;
#[cfg(all(feature = "mcp", feature = "private"))]
mod mcp_oauth_ee;
#[cfg(feature = "mcp")]
mod mcp_oauth_oss;

pub use apps::EditApp;
pub const DEFAULT_BODY_LIMIT: usize = 2097152 * 100; // 200MB

lazy_static::lazy_static! {

    pub static ref REQUEST_SIZE_LIMIT: Arc<RwLock<usize>> = Arc::new(RwLock::new(DEFAULT_BODY_LIMIT));

    pub static ref SCIM_TOKEN: Arc<RwLock<Option<String>>> = Arc::new(RwLock::new(None));
    pub static ref SAML_METADATA: Arc<RwLock<Option<String>>> = Arc::new(RwLock::new(None));


    // COOKIE_DOMAIN and IS_SECURE are now in windmill_common::utils
}

pub use windmill_common::utils::HTTP_CLIENT_PERMISSIVE as HTTP_CLIENT;

pub use windmill_common::utils::{COOKIE_DOMAIN, IS_SECURE};

pub use windmill_api_debug::reload_debug_signing_key;

#[cfg(feature = "oauth2")]
pub use windmill_oauth::OAUTH_CLIENTS;

#[cfg(feature = "oauth2")]
lazy_static::lazy_static! {
    pub static ref SLACK_SIGNING_SECRET: Option<SlackVerifier> = std::env::var("SLACK_SIGNING_SECRET")
        .ok()
        .map(|x| SlackVerifier::new(x).unwrap());

    // Comma-separated Slack v2 OAuth bot scopes requested when connecting a workspace.
    // Must be a subset of the bot scopes declared in the Slack app manifest. Default matches
    // Windmill's recommended manifest at docs.windmill.dev/docs/misc/setup_oauth.
    pub static ref SLACK_OAUTH_SCOPES: String = std::env::var("SLACK_OAUTH_SCOPES")
        .unwrap_or_else(|_| "commands,chat:write,chat:write.public,channels:join,files:write,app_mentions:read,im:history,im:read".to_string());
}

// Compliance with cloud events spec.
pub async fn add_webhook_allowed_origin(
    req: axum::extract::Request,
    next: axum::middleware::Next,
) -> axum::response::Response {
    if req.method() == http::Method::OPTIONS {
        if let Some(webhook_request_origin) = req.headers().get("Webhook-Request-Origin") {
            let webhook_request_origin = webhook_request_origin.clone();
            let mut response = next.run(req).await;

            response
                .headers_mut()
                .insert("Webhook-Allowed-Origin", webhook_request_origin);
            response
                .headers_mut()
                .insert("Webhook-Allowed-Rate", HeaderValue::from_static("*"));
            return response;
        }
    }
    next.run(req).await
}

/// Scope the request in the deploy origin it declares, so the fork tally can tell
/// a write applied by a sync from one authored in the workspace. Entered for
/// every request, including unmarked ones: `deploy_origin::current` reads the
/// scope's presence as "the caller is serving this write", which is what
/// separates a request from a worker that tallies someone else's.
async fn set_deploy_origin(
    req: axum::extract::Request,
    next: axum::middleware::Next,
) -> axum::response::Response {
    let origin = req
        .headers()
        .get(windmill_common::deploy_origin::DEPLOY_ORIGIN_HEADER)
        .and_then(|v| v.to_str().ok())
        .map(windmill_common::deploy_origin::DeployOrigin::from_header_value)
        .unwrap_or(windmill_common::deploy_origin::DeployOrigin::Authored);
    windmill_common::deploy_origin::scope(origin, next.run(req)).await
}

/// Scope the request in the client kind it declares, so a trigger mutation can
/// be attributed to the CLI rather than to a bare API call. Entered for every
/// request, undeclared ones included: `TriggerSource::of_request` reads the
/// scope's absence as "no request is being served", which is what separates a
/// caller from a worker disabling a trigger on its own.
async fn set_request_client(
    req: axum::extract::Request,
    next: axum::middleware::Next,
) -> axum::response::Response {
    let client = req
        .headers()
        .get(windmill_common::trigger_history::CLIENT_HEADER)
        .and_then(|v| v.to_str().ok())
        .and_then(windmill_common::trigger_history::client_from_header);
    windmill_common::trigger_history::scope_client(client, next.run(req)).await
}

#[cfg(not(feature = "tantivy"))]
type IndexReader = ();

#[cfg(not(feature = "tantivy"))]
type ServiceLogIndexReader = ();

#[cfg(feature = "tantivy")]
type IndexReader = windmill_indexer::completed_runs_oss::IndexReader;
#[cfg(feature = "tantivy")]
type ServiceLogIndexReader = windmill_indexer::service_logs_oss::ServiceLogIndexReader;

/// Worker name derived from the agent JWT token, used to authenticate volume operations.
/// Defined unconditionally so volume endpoint handlers can reference it regardless of
/// whether agent_worker_server is enabled (the extension is only populated on the agent path).
#[derive(Clone)]
pub struct AgentWorkerName(pub String);

/// Middleware that injects a synthetic `ApiAuthed` and JWT-derived worker name
/// into request extensions.
///
/// Used for volume proxy endpoints under the agent_workers path, where the
/// agent JWT auth layer has already validated the request. The volume handlers
/// need `ApiAuthed` to resolve the workspace S3 client, but the agent JWT
/// format is incompatible with the standard auth extractor.
///
/// The worker name is extracted from the JWT claims rather than trusting
/// self-reported values in request bodies/query params.
#[cfg(feature = "agent_worker_server")]
async fn inject_agent_authed(
    request: axum::extract::Request,
    next: axum::middleware::Next,
) -> Response {
    let mut request = request;

    // Extract worker name from agent JWT via AgentCache
    // (OSS returns None; EE decodes the JWT and returns the worker name)
    {
        let extracted = {
            let token = request
                .headers()
                .get(axum::http::header::AUTHORIZATION)
                .and_then(|v| v.to_str().ok())
                .and_then(|s| s.strip_prefix("Bearer ").map(|t| t.to_string()));
            let cache = request.extensions().get::<Arc<AgentCache>>().cloned();
            let db = request.extensions().get::<DB>().cloned();
            match (token, cache, db) {
                (Some(token), Some(cache), Some(db)) => Some((token, cache, db)),
                _ => None,
            }
        };

        if let Some((token, cache, db)) = extracted {
            if let Some(worker_name) = cache.extract_worker_name(&token, &db).await {
                request
                    .extensions_mut()
                    .insert(AgentWorkerName(worker_name));
            }
        }
    }

    request
        .extensions_mut()
        .insert(windmill_api_auth::OptJobAuthed {
            authed: ApiAuthed {
                email: "agent-worker@windmill.dev".to_string(),
                username: "agent-worker".to_string(),
                is_admin: true,
                is_operator: false,
                groups: Vec::new(),
                folders: Vec::new(),
                scopes: None,
                username_override: None,
                username_override_is_token_label: false,
                is_session_token: false,
                token_prefix: None,
                read_only: false,
                job_id: None,
                credential_expiry: None,
            },
            job_id: None,
        });
    next.run(request).await
}

pub async fn run_server(
    db: DB,
    job_index_reader: Option<IndexReader>,
    log_index_reader: Option<ServiceLogIndexReader>,
    listener: tokio::net::TcpListener,
    mut killpill_rx: tokio::sync::broadcast::Receiver<()>,
    port_tx: tokio::sync::oneshot::Sender<String>,
    server_mode: bool,
    mcp_mode: bool,
    _base_internal_url: String,
    name: Option<String>,
) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
    let user_db = UserDB::new(db.clone());

    for x in [&*HUB_CACHE_DIR] {
        DirBuilder::new()
            .recursive(true)
            .create(x)
            .expect("could not create initial server dir");
    }

    #[cfg(feature = "enterprise")]
    let ext_jwks = ExternalJwks::load().await;
    let auth_cache = Arc::new(crate::auth::AuthCache::new(
        db.clone(),
        std::env::var("SUPERADMIN_SECRET").ok(),
        #[cfg(feature = "enterprise")]
        ext_jwks,
    ));
    let argon2 = Arc::new(Argon2::default());

    // Initialize debug signing key for debugger authentication
    windmill_api_debug::init_debug_signing_key().await;

    let disable_response_logs = std::env::var("DISABLE_RESPONSE_LOGS")
        .ok()
        .map(|x| x == "true")
        .unwrap_or(false);

    let middleware_stack = ServiceBuilder::new()
        .layer(Extension(db.clone()))
        .layer(Extension(user_db.clone()))
        .layer(Extension(auth_cache.clone()))
        .layer(Extension(job_index_reader))
        .layer(Extension(log_index_reader))
        // .layer(Extension(index_writer))
        .layer(CookieManagerLayer::new())
        .layer(Extension(WebhookShared::new(
            killpill_rx.resubscribe(),
            db.clone(),
        )))
        .layer(DefaultBodyLimit::max(
            REQUEST_SIZE_LIMIT.read().await.clone(),
        ));

    let request_size_limit = REQUEST_SIZE_LIMIT.read().await.clone();

    let cors = CorsLayer::new()
        .allow_methods([http::Method::GET, http::Method::POST, http::Method::DELETE])
        .allow_headers([http::header::CONTENT_TYPE, http::header::AUTHORIZATION])
        .allow_origin(Any);

    // MCP carries protocol state in its own headers: `MCP-Protocol-Version` from
    // revision 2025-06-18 onward, plus `Mcp-Method` and `Mcp-Name` at 2026-07-28.
    // None of them are CORS-simple, so a browser-based MCP client fails preflight
    // unless they are allowed — hence a separate layer rather than widening the
    // one every other route shares. (`Mcp-Param-*` is only sent for tool inputs
    // annotated with `x-mcp-header`, which no tool here declares.)
    //
    // The request's own header list is mirrored rather than enumerated: a browser
    // MCP client may send any custom name for a preprocessor to read, and no fixed
    // list could cover them. Nothing is granted by echoing it: the origin is
    // `Any`, so browsers never attach credentials, and the endpoint authenticates
    // each request on its own.
    let mcp_cors = CorsLayer::new()
        .allow_methods([http::Method::GET, http::Method::POST, http::Method::DELETE])
        .allow_headers(tower_http::cors::AllowHeaders::mirror_request())
        // The 401 challenge is how a client discovers where to authorize (RFC 9728),
        // and it is not a safelisted response header, so without this a browser
        // client sees an empty one and has no way to begin the OAuth flow.
        .expose_headers([http::header::WWW_AUTHENTICATE])
        .allow_origin(Any);

    let sp_extension = Arc::new(saml_oss::build_sp_extension().await?);

    if server_mode {
        #[cfg(feature = "embedding")]
        load_embeddings_db(&db);

        #[cfg(feature = "cloud")]
        if *CLOUD_HOSTED {
            windmill_queue::init_usage_buffer(db.clone());
        }

        let mut start_smtp_server = false;
        if let Some(smtp_settings) =
            load_value_from_global_settings(&db, EMAIL_DOMAIN_SETTING).await?
        {
            if smtp_settings.as_str().unwrap_or("") != "" {
                start_smtp_server = true;
            }
        }
        if !start_smtp_server {
            tracing::info!("SMTP server not started because email domain is not set");
        } else {
            #[cfg(feature = "smtp")]
            {
                let smtp_server = Arc::new(SmtpServer {
                    db: db.clone(),
                    user_db: user_db.clone(),
                    auth_cache: auth_cache.clone(),
                    base_internal_url: _base_internal_url.clone(),
                });
                let addr = listener
                    .local_addr()
                    .unwrap_or_else(|_| std::net::SocketAddr::from(([127, 0, 0, 1], 0)));
                if let Err(err) = smtp_server.start_listener_thread(addr).await {
                    tracing::error!("Error starting SMTP server: {err:#}");
                }
            }
            #[cfg(not(feature = "smtp"))]
            {
                tracing::info!("SMTP server not started because SMTP feature is not enabled");
            }
        }
    }

    let job_helpers_service = {
        #[cfg(feature = "parquet")]
        {
            job_helpers_oss::workspaced_service()
        }

        #[cfg(not(feature = "parquet"))]
        {
            Router::new()
        }
    };

    // Initialize HTTP trigger refresh loop
    #[cfg(feature = "http_trigger")]
    {
        let http_killpill_rx = killpill_rx.resubscribe();
        triggers::http::refresh_routers_loop(&db, http_killpill_rx).await;
    }

    let triggers_service = triggers::generate_trigger_routers();

    if !*CLOUD_HOSTED && server_mode && !mcp_mode {
        start_all_listeners(db.clone(), &killpill_rx);
    }

    if server_mode {
        health::start_health_check_loop(db.clone(), killpill_rx.resubscribe());
    }

    let port = listener.local_addr().map(|x| x.port()).unwrap_or(8000);
    let ip = listener
        .local_addr()
        .map(|x| x.ip().to_string())
        .unwrap_or("localhost".to_string());

    // Setup MCP server
    #[allow(unused_variables)]
    let (mcp_router, gateway_mcp_router, mcp_cancellation_token) = {
        #[cfg(feature = "mcp")]
        if server_mode || mcp_mode {
            use mcp::{
                add_www_authenticate_header, add_www_authenticate_header_gateway,
                extract_workspace_from_token,
            };
            let (mcp_router, mcp_cancellation_token) = setup_mcp_server(
                db.clone(),
                user_db,
                _base_internal_url.clone(),
                auth_cache.clone(),
            )
            .await?;
            // Workspace-scoped MCP router
            let workspaced_mcp_router = mcp_router
                .clone()
                .route_layer(from_extractor::<ApiAuthed>())
                .layer(axum::middleware::from_fn(add_www_authenticate_header))
                .layer(axum::middleware::from_fn(extract_and_store_workspace_id));
            // Gateway MCP router — resolves workspace from token
            let gateway_mcp_router = mcp_router
                .route_layer(from_extractor::<ApiAuthed>())
                .layer(axum::middleware::from_fn(
                    add_www_authenticate_header_gateway,
                ))
                .layer(axum::middleware::from_fn(extract_workspace_from_token));
            (
                workspaced_mcp_router,
                gateway_mcp_router,
                Some(mcp_cancellation_token),
            )
        } else {
            (Router::new(), Router::new(), None)
        }

        #[cfg(not(feature = "mcp"))]
        (Router::new(), Router::new(), Option::<()>::None)
    };

    // Workers block on this before pulling their first job, so it is released ahead of
    // the router tree below. `try_join!` polls this future and `workers_f` on one task,
    // so the yield is what lets them proceed; without it they wait out the whole
    // synchronous build. A request arriving first queues in the bound listener's backlog.
    if let Err(e) = port_tx.send(format!("http://localhost:{}", port)) {
        tracing::error!("Failed to send port: {e:#}");
        return Err(anyhow::anyhow!("Failed to send port, exiting early: {e:#}"));
    }
    tokio::task::yield_now().await;

    let mcp_list_tools_service = {
        #[cfg(feature = "mcp")]
        {
            mcp::list_tools_service()
        }

        #[cfg(not(feature = "mcp"))]
        {
            Router::new()
        }
    };

    #[cfg(feature = "agent_worker_server")]
    let (agent_workers_router, agent_workers_bg_processor, agent_workers_job_completed_tx) =
        if server_mode {
            windmill_api_agent_workers::workspaced_service(db.clone(), _base_internal_url.clone())
        } else {
            (Router::new(), vec![], None)
        };

    #[cfg(feature = "agent_worker_server")]
    let agent_cache = Arc::new(AgentCache::new());

    // build our application with a route
    let app = Router::new()
        .nest(
            "/api",
            Router::new()
                .nest(
                    "/w/{workspace_id}",
                    Router::new()
                        // Reordered alphabetically
                        .nest("/acls", granular_acls::workspaced_service())
                        // CORS so the opaque-origin in-workspace app viewer (WIN-2006,
                        // sandboxed /apps/get) can read the app definition by path
                        // (apps/get/p, apps/embed_token/p) with a scoped embed token.
                        // Bearer-token-only (no cookies), consistent with the other
                        // workspaced services the iframe calls.
                        .nest(
                            "/apps",
                            apps::workspaced_service(request_size_limit * 5).layer(cors.clone()),
                        )
                        .nest("/assets", windmill_api_assets::workspaced_service())
                        .nest("/audit", audit::workspaced_service())
                        .nest("/capture", capture::workspaced_service())
                        .nest(
                            "/concurrency_groups",
                            concurrency_groups::workspaced_service(),
                        )
                        .nest("/dbt", dbt::workspaced_service())
                        .nest("/drafts", drafts::workspaced_service())
                        .nest("/embeddings", embeddings::workspaced_service())
                        .nest("/favorites", favorite::workspaced_service())
                        .nest("/flows", flows::workspaced_service())
                        .nest("/runnables", runnables::workspaced_service())
                        .nest(
                            "/workspace_dependencies",
                            workspace_dependencies::workspaced_service(),
                        )
                        .nest(
                            "/flow_conversations",
                            windmill_api_flow_conversations::workspaced_service(),
                        )
                        // CORS so an opaque-origin app iframe (WIN-2006 embed,
                        // no separate domain) can read folders/listnames with a
                        // scoped embed token. Consistent with apps_u/jobs_u cors.
                        .nest(
                            "/folders",
                            folders::workspaced_service().layer(cors.clone()),
                        )
                        .nest("/folders_history", folder_history::workspaced_service())
                        .nest("/groups", groups::workspaced_service())
                        .nest("/groups_history", group_history::workspaced_service())
                        .nest("/triggers_history", trigger_history::workspaced_service())
                        .nest("/inputs", windmill_api_inputs::workspaced_service())
                        .nest("/internal_db", internal_db::workspaced_service())
                        .route("/labels/list", get(list_workspace_labels))
                        .nest("/job_metrics", job_metrics::workspaced_service())
                        .nest("/job_helpers", job_helpers_service)
                        .nest("/ai_evals", ai_evals::workspaced_service())
                        .nest("/jobs", jobs::workspaced_service())
                        .nest("/debug", windmill_api_debug::workspaced_service())
                        .nest("/native_triggers", {
                            #[cfg(feature = "native_trigger")]
                            {
                                native_triggers::handler::generate_native_trigger_routers().merge(
                                    native_triggers::workspace_integrations::workspaced_service(),
                                )
                            }
                            #[cfg(not(feature = "native_trigger"))]
                            {
                                axum::Router::new()
                            }
                        })
                        .nest("/oauth", {
                            #[cfg(feature = "oauth2")]
                            {
                                oauth2_oss::workspaced_service()
                            }

                            #[cfg(not(feature = "oauth2"))]
                            Router::new()
                        })
                        .nest("/mcp/oauth/server", {
                            #[cfg(feature = "mcp")]
                            {
                                // Only /approve requires authentication (called by frontend)
                                mcp::oauth_server::workspaced_authed_service()
                            }

                            #[cfg(not(feature = "mcp"))]
                            Router::new()
                        })
                        .nest("/ai", ai::workspaced_service())
                        .nest("/npm_proxy", windmill_api_npm_proxy::workspaced_service())
                        .nest(
                            "/path_autocomplete",
                            path_autocomplete::workspaced_service(),
                        )
                        .nest("/raw_apps", raw_apps::workspaced_service())
                        // CORS so the opaque-origin app iframe can read
                        // resources/list, resources/type/* with a scoped token.
                        .nest(
                            "/resources",
                            resources::workspaced_service().layer(cors.clone()),
                        )
                        .nest("/shared_ui", workspace_shared_ui::workspaced_service())
                        .nest("/schedules", windmill_api_schedule::workspaced_service())
                        .nest("/scripts", scripts::workspaced_service())
                        .nest("/trash", trash::workspaced_service())
                        .nest(
                            "/users",
                            // CORS so the opaque-origin app iframe can read
                            // users/whoami with a scoped embed token.
                            users::workspaced_service()
                                .layer(Extension(argon2.clone()))
                                .layer(cors.clone()),
                        )
                        // CORS so a sandboxed raw app's opaque-origin bundle can
                        // read variables with its frontend SDK token. Bearer-only:
                        // the layer never allows credentials, so no cookie can ride
                        // a cross-origin call. Consistent with resources/users.
                        .nest(
                            "/variables",
                            variables::workspaced_service().layer(cors.clone()),
                        )
                        .nest("/volumes", volumes_oss::workspaced_service())
                        .nest("/workers", windmill_api_workers::workspaced_service())
                        .nest("/workspaces", workspaces::workspaced_service())
                        .nest("/hub", hub_publish::workspaced_service())
                        .nest(
                            "/data_metrics",
                            windmill_api_workspaces::data_metrics::workspaced_service(),
                        )
                        .nest(
                            "/deployment_request",
                            windmill_api_workspaces::deployment_requests::workspaced_service(),
                        )
                        .nest("/oidc", oidc_oss::workspaced_service())
                        .nest("/openapi", {
                            #[cfg(feature = "http_trigger")]
                            {
                                windmill_api_openapi::openapi_service()
                            }

                            #[cfg(not(feature = "http_trigger"))]
                            {
                                Router::new()
                            }
                        })
                        .merge(triggers_service),
                )
                .nest("/workspaces", workspaces::global_service())
                .nest(
                    "/users",
                    users::global_service().layer(Extension(argon2.clone())),
                )
                .nest("/settings", windmill_api_settings::global_service())
                .nest("/workers", windmill_api_workers::global_service())
                .nest("/service_logs", service_logs::global_service())
                .nest("/configs", windmill_api_configs::global_service())
                .nest("/scripts", scripts::global_service())
                .nest("/integrations", integration::global_service())
                .nest("/groups", groups::global_service())
                .nest("/flows", flows::global_service())
                .nest("/apps", apps::global_service().layer(cors.clone()))
                .nest("/schedules", windmill_api_schedule::global_service())
                .nest("/embeddings", embeddings::global_service())
                .nest("/ai", ai::global_service())
                .nest("/docs", docs::global_service())
                .nest("/indexer", indexer_oss::management_service())
                .nest("/mcp/w/{workspace_id}/list_tools", mcp_list_tools_service)
                .nest("/db_health", db_health::global_service())
                .nest("/health/detailed", health::detailed_service())
                .nest(
                    "/saml",
                    saml_oss::authed_service().layer(Extension(Arc::clone(&sp_extension))),
                )
                .nest("/mcp/gateway/oauth/server", {
                    #[cfg(feature = "mcp")]
                    {
                        mcp::oauth_server::gateway_authed_service()
                    }

                    #[cfg(not(feature = "mcp"))]
                    Router::new()
                })
                .route_layer(from_extractor::<ApiAuthed>())
                .route_layer(from_extractor::<users::Tokened>())
                // Workspace-scoped OAuth endpoints that don't require authentication
                // (authorize and token are called by MCP client before user is authenticated)
                .nest("/w/{workspace_id}/mcp/oauth/server", {
                    #[cfg(feature = "mcp")]
                    {
                        mcp::oauth_server::workspaced_unauthed_service()
                    }

                    #[cfg(not(feature = "mcp"))]
                    Router::new()
                })
                // Gateway OAuth endpoints (authorize + token) — no auth required
                .nest("/mcp/gateway/oauth/server", {
                    #[cfg(feature = "mcp")]
                    {
                        mcp::oauth_server::gateway_unauthed_service().layer(cors.clone())
                    }

                    #[cfg(not(feature = "mcp"))]
                    Router::new()
                })
                .nest("/jobs", jobs::global_root_service())
                .nest(
                    "/srch/w/{workspace_id}/index",
                    indexer_oss::workspaced_service(),
                )
                .nest("/srch/index", indexer_oss::global_service())
                .nest("/oidc", oidc_oss::global_service())
                .nest("/debug", windmill_api_debug::global_service())
                .nest(
                    "/saml",
                    saml_oss::global_service().layer(Extension(Arc::clone(&sp_extension))),
                )
                .nest(
                    "/scim",
                    scim_oss::global_service()
                        .route_layer(axum::middleware::from_fn(has_scim_token)),
                )
                .nest("/tokens", token::global_service())
                .nest("/concurrency_groups", concurrency_groups::global_service())
                .nest("/scripts_u", scripts::global_unauthed_service())
                .nest("/settings_u", windmill_api_settings::unauthed_service())
                .nest("/apps_u", {
                    #[cfg(feature = "enterprise")]
                    {
                        // CORS so the opaque-origin app viewer (WIN-2006 embed, no
                        // separate domain) can load a custom-path public app via
                        // public_app_by_custom_path cross-origin. Consistent with
                        // the workspaced /w/{workspace_id}/apps_u mount below.
                        apps_oss::global_unauthed_service().layer(cors.clone())
                    }

                    #[cfg(not(feature = "enterprise"))]
                    {
                        Router::new()
                    }
                })
                .nest(
                    "/w/{workspace_id}/apps_u",
                    apps::unauthed_service()
                        .layer(from_extractor::<OptAuthed>())
                        .layer(cors.clone()),
                )
                .layer(from_extractor::<OptAuthed>())
                // Deprecated, here for backwards compatibility: user should use /mcp/w/{workspace_id}/mcp instead
                .nest(
                    "/mcp/w/{workspace_id}/sse",
                    mcp_router.clone().layer(mcp_cors.clone()),
                )
                .nest(
                    "/mcp/w/{workspace_id}/mcp",
                    mcp_router.clone().layer(mcp_cors.clone()),
                )
                .nest("/mcp/gateway", gateway_mcp_router.layer(mcp_cors.clone()))
                .nest("/agent_workers", {
                    #[cfg(feature = "agent_worker_server")]
                    {
                        if let Some(agent_workers_job_completed_tx) =
                            agent_workers_job_completed_tx.clone()
                        {
                            windmill_api_agent_workers::global_service(
                                agent_workers_job_completed_tx,
                            )
                            .layer(Extension(agent_cache.clone()))
                        } else {
                            Router::new()
                        }
                    }
                    #[cfg(not(feature = "agent_worker_server"))]
                    {
                        Router::new()
                    }
                })
                .nest("/w/{workspace_id}/agent_workers", {
                    #[cfg(feature = "agent_worker_server")]
                    {
                        agent_workers_router
                            .nest(
                                "/volumes",
                                volumes_oss::agent_workspaced_service()
                                    .layer(axum::middleware::from_fn(inject_agent_authed)),
                            )
                            .layer(Extension(agent_cache.clone()))
                    }
                    #[cfg(not(feature = "agent_worker_server"))]
                    {
                        Router::new()
                    }
                })
                .nest(
                    "/w/{workspace_id}/jobs_u",
                    jobs::workspace_unauthed_service().layer(cors.clone()),
                )
                .route("/slack", post(slack_approvals::slack_app_callback_handler))
                .nest("/teams", {
                    #[cfg(feature = "enterprise")]
                    {
                        teams_oss::teams_service()
                    }

                    #[cfg(not(feature = "enterprise"))]
                    {
                        Router::new()
                    }
                })
                .route(
                    "/w/{workspace_id}/jobs/slack_approval/{job_id}",
                    get(slack_approvals::request_slack_approval),
                )
                .route(
                    "/w/{workspace_id}/jobs/teams_approval/{job_id}",
                    get(teams_approvals_oss::request_teams_approval),
                )
                .nest("/w/{workspace_id}/github_app", {
                    #[cfg(feature = "enterprise")]
                    {
                        git_sync_oss::workspaced_service()
                    }

                    #[cfg(not(feature = "enterprise"))]
                    Router::new()
                })
                .nest("/github_app", {
                    #[cfg(feature = "enterprise")]
                    {
                        git_sync_oss::global_service()
                    }

                    #[cfg(not(feature = "enterprise"))]
                    Router::new()
                })
                .nest(
                    "/w/{workspace_id}/resources_u",
                    public_service().layer(cors.clone()),
                )
                .nest(
                    "/w/{workspace_id}/capture_u",
                    capture::workspaced_unauthed_service().layer(cors.clone()),
                )
                .nest("/w/{workspace_id}/s3_proxy", {
                    s3_proxy_oss::workspaced_unauthed_service()
                })
                .nest(
                    "/auth",
                    users::make_unauthed_service().layer(Extension(argon2)),
                )
                .nest("/oauth", {
                    #[cfg(feature = "oauth2")]
                    {
                        oauth2_oss::global_service().layer(Extension(Arc::clone(&sp_extension)))
                    }

                    #[cfg(not(feature = "oauth2"))]
                    Router::new()
                })
                .nest("/mcp/oauth", {
                    #[cfg(feature = "mcp")]
                    {
                        mcp_oauth_oss::global_service()
                    }

                    #[cfg(not(feature = "mcp"))]
                    Router::new()
                })
                .nest("/mcp/oauth/server", {
                    #[cfg(feature = "mcp")]
                    {
                        mcp::oauth_server::global_service().layer(cors.clone())
                    }

                    #[cfg(not(feature = "mcp"))]
                    Router::new()
                })
                .nest("/r", {
                    #[cfg(feature = "http_trigger")]
                    {
                        triggers::http::handler::http_route_trigger_handler()
                    }

                    #[cfg(not(feature = "http_trigger"))]
                    {
                        Router::new()
                    }
                })
                .nest("/gcp/w/{workspace_id}", {
                    #[cfg(all(
                        feature = "enterprise",
                        feature = "gcp_trigger",
                        feature = "private"
                    ))]
                    {
                        triggers::gcp::handler_oss::gcp_push_route_handler()
                    }
                    #[cfg(not(all(
                        feature = "enterprise",
                        feature = "gcp_trigger",
                        feature = "private"
                    )))]
                    {
                        Router::new()
                    }
                })
                .nest("/azure/w/{workspace_id}", {
                    #[cfg(all(
                        feature = "enterprise",
                        feature = "azure_trigger",
                        feature = "private"
                    ))]
                    {
                        triggers::azure::handler_oss::azure_push_route_handler()
                    }
                    #[cfg(not(all(
                        feature = "enterprise",
                        feature = "azure_trigger",
                        feature = "private"
                    )))]
                    {
                        Router::new()
                    }
                })
                .route("/version", get(git_v))
                .nest("/health/status", health::status_service())
                .route("/min_keep_alive_version", get(min_keep_alive_version))
                .route("/uptodate", get(is_up_to_date))
                .route("/ee_license", get(ee_license))
                .route("/openapi.yaml", get(openapi))
                .route("/openapi.json", get(openapi_json)),
        )
        // Clients must use workspace-scoped OAuth metadata at:
        // /.well-known/oauth-authorization-server/api/w/{workspace_id}/mcp/oauth/server
        // This is discovered via /.well-known/oauth-protected-resource?workspace_id=...
        .route(
            "/.well-known/oauth-authorization-server/api/w/{workspace_id}/mcp/oauth/server",
            {
                #[cfg(feature = "mcp")]
                {
                    get(mcp::oauth_server::workspaced_oauth_metadata)
                }
                #[cfg(not(feature = "mcp"))]
                {
                    get(|| async { axum::http::StatusCode::NOT_FOUND })
                }
            },
        )
        // RFC 9728 path-based discovery: /.well-known/oauth-protected-resource/api/mcp/w/{workspace_id}/mcp
        .route(
            "/.well-known/oauth-protected-resource/api/mcp/w/{workspace_id}/mcp",
            {
                #[cfg(feature = "mcp")]
                {
                    get(mcp::oauth_server::protected_resource_metadata_by_path)
                }
                #[cfg(not(feature = "mcp"))]
                {
                    get(|| async { axum::http::StatusCode::NOT_FOUND })
                }
            },
        )
        // Gateway OAuth well-known endpoints
        .route(
            "/.well-known/oauth-authorization-server/api/mcp/gateway/oauth/server",
            {
                #[cfg(feature = "mcp")]
                {
                    get(mcp::oauth_server::gateway_oauth_metadata)
                }
                #[cfg(not(feature = "mcp"))]
                {
                    get(|| async { axum::http::StatusCode::NOT_FOUND })
                }
            },
        )
        .route("/.well-known/oauth-protected-resource/api/mcp/gateway", {
            #[cfg(feature = "mcp")]
            {
                get(mcp::oauth_server::gateway_protected_resource_metadata)
            }
            #[cfg(not(feature = "mcp"))]
            {
                get(|| async { axum::http::StatusCode::NOT_FOUND })
            }
        })
        // JWKS endpoint for HashiCorp Vault JWT authentication (must be outside /api prefix)
        .route("/.well-known/jwks.json", {
            #[cfg(all(feature = "private", feature = "enterprise", feature = "openidconnect"))]
            {
                get(crate::oidc_oss::jwks)
            }
            #[cfg(not(all(
                feature = "private",
                feature = "enterprise",
                feature = "openidconnect"
            )))]
            {
                get(windmill_api_settings::get_jwks)
            }
        })
        .fallback(static_assets::static_handler)
        .layer(middleware_stack);

    let app = if disable_response_logs {
        app
    } else {
        tokio::spawn(async {
            let mut interval =
                tokio::time::interval(std::time::Duration::from_millis(FLUSH_INTERVAL_MS));
            interval.set_missed_tick_behavior(tokio::time::MissedTickBehavior::Skip);
            loop {
                interval.tick().await;
                crate::s3_log_batching::flush_s3_batches();
            }
        });

        app.layer(axum::middleware::from_fn(s3_proxy_log_middleware))
            .layer(
                TraceLayer::new_for_http()
                    .on_response(MyOnResponse {})
                    .make_span_with(MyMakeSpan {})
                    .on_request(())
                    .on_failure(MyOnFailure {}),
            )
    };

    let app = if let Some(domain) = public_app_layer::PUBLIC_APP_DOMAIN.as_ref() {
        tracing::info!("Public app domain filter enabled for domain: {}", domain);
        app.layer(axum::middleware::from_fn(
            public_app_layer::public_app_domain_filter,
        ))
    } else {
        app
    };

    // Seed the per-request LogContext task-local. Registered outside
    // TraceLayer so MyOnResponse::on_response's `"response"` log fires inside
    // the scope and gets method/uri/workspace_id/email attached by the EE
    // LogContextBridge.
    let app = app.layer(axum::middleware::from_fn(
        tracing_init::log_context_middleware,
    ));

    let app = app.layer(axum::middleware::from_fn(set_deploy_origin));

    let app = app.layer(axum::middleware::from_fn(set_request_client));

    let app = app.layer(CatchPanicLayer::custom(|err| {
        tracing::error!("panic in handler, returning 500: {:?}", err);
        Response::builder()
            .status(http::StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR)
            .body(Body::from("Internal Server Error"))
            .unwrap()
    }));

    if let Some(name) = name.as_ref() {
        tracing::info!("server starting for name={name}");
    }
    let listener = listener.tap_io(move |tcp_stream| {
        let _ = tcp_stream.set_nodelay(!server_mode);
    });
    let server = axum::serve(listener, app.into_make_service());

    tracing::info!(
        instance = %*INSTANCE_NAME,
        "server started on port={} and addr={} {}",
        port,
        ip,
        name.map(|x| format!("name={x}")).unwrap_or_default()
    );

    // Announce this server is ready so coordinated restarts can detect a healthy peer.
    if server_mode {
        if let Err(e) = announce_server_started(&db).await {
            tracing::warn!("Failed to announce server started: {e:#}");
        }
    }

    let server = server.with_graceful_shutdown(async move {
        killpill_rx.recv().await.ok();
        #[cfg(feature = "agent_worker_server")]
        if let Some(agent_workers_job_completed_tx) = agent_workers_job_completed_tx {
            if let Err(e) = agent_workers_job_completed_tx.kill().await {
                tracing::error!("Error killing agent workers: {e:#}");
            }
        }
        tracing::info!("Graceful shutdown of server");

        #[cfg(feature = "mcp")]
        if let Some(mcp_cancellation_token) = mcp_cancellation_token {
            mcp_cancellation_token.cancel();
            tracing::info!("MCP server shutdown");
        }
    });

    server.await?;
    #[cfg(feature = "agent_worker_server")]
    for (i, bg_processor) in agent_workers_bg_processor.into_iter().enumerate() {
        tracing::info!("server off. shutting down agent worker bg processor {i}");
        bg_processor.await?;
        tracing::info!("agent worker bg processor {i} shut down");
    }
    Ok(())
}

async fn is_up_to_date() -> Result<String, AppError> {
    let error_reading_version = || anyhow::anyhow!("Error reading latest released version");
    let version = HTTP_CLIENT
        .get("https://api.github.com/repos/windmill-labs/windmill/releases/latest")
        .timeout(Duration::from_secs(10))
        .send()
        .await
        .context("Impossible to reach api.github")?
        .json::<serde_json::Value>()
        .await?
        .get("tag_name")
        .ok_or_else(error_reading_version)?
        .as_str()
        .ok_or_else(error_reading_version)?
        .to_string();
    let release = GIT_VERSION
        .split('-')
        .next()
        .ok_or_else(error_reading_version)?
        .to_string();
    if version == release {
        Ok("yes".to_string())
    } else {
        Ok(format!("Update: {GIT_VERSION} -> {version}"))
    }
}

#[cfg(feature = "enterprise")]
async fn git_v() -> String {
    format!("EE {GIT_VERSION}")
}

#[cfg(not(feature = "enterprise"))]
async fn git_v() -> String {
    format!("CE {GIT_VERSION}")
}

async fn min_keep_alive_version() -> Json<serde_json::Value> {
    let worker = windmill_common::min_version::MIN_KEEP_ALIVE_VERSION;
    let agent = windmill_common::min_version::AGENT_MIN_KEEP_ALIVE_VERSION;
    Json(serde_json::json!({
        "worker": format!("{}.{}.{}", worker.0, worker.1, worker.2),
        "agent": format!("{}.{}.{}", agent.0, agent.1, agent.2)
    }))
}

#[cfg(not(feature = "enterprise"))]
async fn ee_license() -> &'static str {
    ""
}

async fn list_workspace_labels(
    Extension(db): Extension<DB>,
    axum::extract::Path(w_id): axum::extract::Path<String>,
) -> windmill_common::error::JsonResult<Vec<String>> {
    let labels = sqlx::query_scalar!(
        "SELECT DISTINCT unnest(labels) as \"label!\" FROM (
            SELECT labels FROM script WHERE workspace_id = $1 AND labels IS NOT NULL
            UNION ALL SELECT labels FROM flow WHERE workspace_id = $1 AND labels IS NOT NULL
            UNION ALL SELECT labels FROM resource WHERE workspace_id = $1 AND labels IS NOT NULL
            UNION ALL SELECT labels FROM variable WHERE workspace_id = $1 AND labels IS NOT NULL
            UNION ALL SELECT labels FROM schedule WHERE workspace_id = $1 AND labels IS NOT NULL
            UNION ALL SELECT labels FROM app WHERE workspace_id = $1 AND labels IS NOT NULL
            UNION ALL SELECT labels FROM folder WHERE workspace_id = $1 AND labels IS NOT NULL
        ) t ORDER BY 1",
        &w_id
    )
    .fetch_all(&db)
    .await?;
    Ok(axum::Json(labels))
}

#[cfg(feature = "enterprise")]
async fn ee_license() -> String {
    use windmill_common::ee_oss::{LICENSE_KEY_ID, LICENSE_KEY_VALID};

    if LICENSE_KEY_VALID.load(std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Relaxed) {
        (**LICENSE_KEY_ID.load()).clone()
    } else {
        "".to_string()
    }
}

async fn openapi() -> Response {
    Response::builder()
        .header("content-type", "application/yaml")
        .body(Body::from(include_str!("../openapi-deref.yaml")))
        .unwrap()
}

async fn openapi_json() -> Response {
    Response::builder()
        .header("content-type", "application/json")
        .body(Body::from(include_str!("../openapi-deref.json")))
        .unwrap()
}

pub async fn migrate_db(
    db: &DB,
    killpill_rx: tokio::sync::broadcast::Receiver<()>,
) -> anyhow::Result<Option<JoinHandle<()>>> {
    db::migrate(db, killpill_rx)
        .await
        .map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!("Error migrating db: {e:#}"))
}

pub async fn wait_for_db_migrations(
    db: &DB,
    killpill_rx: tokio::sync::broadcast::Receiver<()>,
) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
    db::wait_for_migrations(db, killpill_rx)
        .await
        .map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!("Error waiting for db migrations: {e:#}"))
}

const SERVER_HEARTBEAT_TASK: &str = "server_heartbeat";

/// Write a server-started heartbeat to `background_task_state` so that other
/// traffic-serving instances waiting to restart can detect this one is healthy.
///
/// Only `server_mode` processes announce, since only they are peers worth waiting for:
/// `spawn_graceful_killpill` holds a shutdown open to keep the API answered, and a worker,
/// indexer or MCP process coming up is no evidence that it is.
///
/// The row is keyed per host and `owner` per process, and both halves carry weight.
/// `INSTANCE_NAME` is random per start, so a row keyed on it never conflicts and
/// accumulates one row per start; `owner` is what tells a peer's start from its own
/// when processes share a host.
async fn announce_server_started(db: &DB) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
    use windmill_common::{utils::HOSTNAME, INSTANCE_NAME};

    let instance = INSTANCE_NAME.as_str();
    let host = HOSTNAME.as_str();

    sqlx::query(
        "INSERT INTO background_task_state (name, value, running, owner, started_at, updated_at)
         VALUES ($1, '\"started\"'::jsonb, true, $2, NOW(), NOW())
         ON CONFLICT (name)
         DO UPDATE SET started_at = NOW(), updated_at = NOW(), running = true, owner = $2",
    )
    .bind(format!("{SERVER_HEARTBEAT_TASK}:{host}"))
    .bind(instance)
    .execute(db)
    .await?;

    tracing::info!("Announced server started for instance {instance} on host {host}");
    Ok(())
}

/// Check whether any server instance (other than ourselves) has announced
/// itself as started after `not_before` (i.e. after the restart was initiated).
pub async fn check_any_server_started(db: &DB, not_before: chrono::DateTime<chrono::Utc>) -> bool {
    use windmill_common::INSTANCE_NAME;

    let my_instance = INSTANCE_NAME.as_str();
    let prefix = format!("{SERVER_HEARTBEAT_TASK}:");

    sqlx::query_scalar!(
        "SELECT EXISTS(
            SELECT 1 FROM background_task_state
            WHERE name LIKE $1
              AND owner != $2
              AND running = true
              AND updated_at > $3
        ) AS \"exists!\"",
        format!("{prefix}%"),
        my_instance,
        not_before
    )
    .fetch_one(db)
    .await
    .unwrap_or(false)
}

/// Delete `server_heartbeat:*` rows that have not been refreshed in a long
/// time. A restart in place reuses its host's row (see
/// `announce_server_started`), but a host that never comes back leaves one
/// behind, and hosts are disposable wherever the hostname carries a generated
/// pod or container id.
///
/// The row is only consulted by `check_any_server_started`, which itself
/// filters on `updated_at > not_before` (the moment a restart was initiated),
/// so rows older than the cutoff cannot influence any restart decision and
/// are safe to delete.
pub async fn cleanup_stale_server_heartbeats(db: &DB) -> anyhow::Result<u64> {
    let prefix = format!("{SERVER_HEARTBEAT_TASK}:");
    let res = sqlx::query!(
        "DELETE FROM background_task_state
         WHERE name LIKE $1
           AND updated_at < NOW() - INTERVAL '7 days'",
        format!("{prefix}%"),
    )
    .execute(db)
    .await?;
    Ok(res.rows_affected())
}