feat: Collider for playing with PartitionRule (#6399)

* skeleton

Signed-off-by: Ruihang Xia <waynestxia@gmail.com>

* initial impl and tests

Signed-off-by: Ruihang Xia <waynestxia@gmail.com>

* refactor and reorganize

Signed-off-by: Ruihang Xia <waynestxia@gmail.com>

* fix clippy

Signed-off-by: Ruihang Xia <waynestxia@gmail.com>

* fix typo

Signed-off-by: Ruihang Xia <waynestxia@gmail.com>

* add comment

Signed-off-by: Ruihang Xia <waynestxia@gmail.com>

* error handling

Signed-off-by: Ruihang Xia <waynestxia@gmail.com>

* explain naming

Signed-off-by: Ruihang Xia <waynestxia@gmail.com>

---------

Signed-off-by: Ruihang Xia <waynestxia@gmail.com>

src/partition/src/collider.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,638 @@
+// Copyright 2023 Greptime Team
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+//! Provides a Collider tool to convert [`PartitionExpr`] into a form that is easier to operate by program.
+//!
+//! This mod provides the following major structs:
+//!
+//! - [`Collider`]: The main struct that converts [`PartitionExpr`].
+//! - [`AtomicExpr`]: An "atomic" Expression, which isn't composed (OR-ed) of other expressions.
+//! - [`NucleonExpr`]: A simplified expression representation.
+//! - [`GluonOp`]: Further restricted operation set.
+//!
+//! On the naming aspect, "collider" is a high-energy machine that cracks particles, "atomic" is a typical
+//! non-divisible particle before ~100 years ago, "nucleon" is what composes an atom and "gluon" is the
+//! force inside nucleons.
+
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+use std::fmt::Debug;
+
+use datatypes::value::{OrderedF64, OrderedFloat, Value};
+
+use crate::error;
+use crate::error::Result;
+use crate::expr::{Operand, PartitionExpr, RestrictedOp};
+
+const ZERO: OrderedF64 = OrderedFloat(0.0f64);
+const NORMALIZE_STEP: OrderedF64 = OrderedFloat(1.0f64);
+
+/// Represents an "atomic" Expression, which isn't composed (OR-ed) of other expressions.
+#[allow(unused)]
+pub(crate) struct AtomicExpr {
+    /// A (ordered) list of simplified expressions. They are [`RestrictedOp::And`]'ed together.
+    nucleons: Vec<NucleonExpr>,
+    /// Index to reference the [`PartitionExpr`] that this [`AtomicExpr`] is derived from.
+    /// This index is used with `exprs` field in [`MultiDimPartitionRule`](crate::multi_dim::MultiDimPartitionRule).
+    source_expr_index: usize,
+}
+
+/// A simplified expression representation.
+///
+/// This struct is used to compose [`AtomicExpr`], hence "nucleon".
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord)]
+struct NucleonExpr {
+    column: String,
+    op: GluonOp,
+    /// Normalized [`Value`].
+    value: OrderedF64,
+}
+
+/// Further restricted operation set.
+///
+/// Conjunction operations are removed from [`RestrictedOp`].
+/// This enumeration is used to bind elements in [`NucleonExpr`], hence "gluon".
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord)]
+enum GluonOp {
+    Eq,
+    NotEq,
+    Lt,
+    LtEq,
+    Gt,
+    GtEq,
+}
+
+/// Collider is used to collide a list of [`PartitionExpr`] into a list of [`AtomicExpr`]
+///
+/// It also normalizes the values of the columns in the expressions.
+#[allow(unused)]
+pub struct Collider<'a> {
+    source_exprs: &'a [PartitionExpr],
+
+    atomic_exprs: Vec<AtomicExpr>,
+    /// A map of column name to a list of `(value, normalized value)` pairs.
+    ///
+    /// The normalized value is used for comparison. The normalization process keeps the order of the values.
+    normalized_values: HashMap<String, Vec<(Value, OrderedF64)>>,
+}
+
+impl<'a> Collider<'a> {
+    pub fn new(source_exprs: &'a [PartitionExpr]) -> Result<Self> {
+        // first walk to collect all values
+        let mut values: HashMap<String, Vec<Value>> = HashMap::new();
+        for expr in source_exprs {
+            Self::collect_column_values_from_expr(expr, &mut values)?;
+        }
+
+        // normalize values, assumes all values on a column are the same type
+        let mut normalized_values: HashMap<String, HashMap<Value, OrderedF64>> =
+            HashMap::with_capacity(values.len());
+        for (column, mut column_values) in values {
+            column_values.sort_unstable();
+            column_values.dedup(); // Remove duplicates
+            let mut value_map = HashMap::with_capacity(column_values.len());
+            let mut start_value = ZERO;
+            for value in column_values {
+                value_map.insert(value, start_value);
+                start_value += NORMALIZE_STEP;
+            }
+            normalized_values.insert(column, value_map);
+        }
+
+        // second walk to get atomic exprs
+        let mut atomic_exprs = Vec::with_capacity(source_exprs.len());
+        for (index, expr) in source_exprs.iter().enumerate() {
+            Self::collide_expr(expr, index, &normalized_values, &mut atomic_exprs)?;
+        }
+
+        // convert normalized values to a map
+        let normalized_values = normalized_values
+            .into_iter()
+            .map(|(col, values)| {
+                let mut values = values.into_iter().collect::<Vec<_>>();
+                values.sort_unstable_by_key(|(_, v)| *v);
+                (col, values)
+            })
+            .collect();
+
+        Ok(Self {
+            source_exprs,
+            atomic_exprs,
+            normalized_values,
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Helper to collect values with their associated columns from an expression
+    fn collect_column_values_from_expr(
+        expr: &PartitionExpr,
+        values: &mut HashMap<String, Vec<Value>>,
+    ) -> Result<()> {
+        // Handle binary operations between column and value
+        match (&*expr.lhs, &*expr.rhs) {
+            (Operand::Column(col), Operand::Value(val))
+            | (Operand::Value(val), Operand::Column(col)) => {
+                values.entry(col.clone()).or_default().push(val.clone());
+                Ok(())
+            }
+            (Operand::Expr(left_expr), Operand::Expr(right_expr)) => {
+                Self::collect_column_values_from_expr(left_expr, values)?;
+                Self::collect_column_values_from_expr(right_expr, values)
+            }
+            // Other combinations don't directly contribute column-value pairs
+            _ => error::InvalidExprSnafu { expr: expr.clone() }.fail(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Collide a [`PartitionExpr`] into multiple [`AtomicExpr`]s.
+    ///
+    /// Split the [`PartitionExpr`] on every [`RestrictedOp::Or`] (disjunction), each branch is an [`AtomicExpr`].
+    /// Since [`PartitionExpr`] doesn't allow parentheses, Expression like `(a = 1 OR b = 2) AND c = 3` won't occur.
+    /// We can safely split on every [`RestrictedOp::Or`].
+    fn collide_expr(
+        expr: &PartitionExpr,
+        index: usize,
+        normalized_values: &HashMap<String, HashMap<Value, OrderedF64>>,
+        result: &mut Vec<AtomicExpr>,
+    ) -> Result<()> {
+        match expr.op {
+            RestrictedOp::Or => {
+                // Split on OR operation - each side becomes a separate atomic expression
+
+                // Process left side
+                match &*expr.lhs {
+                    Operand::Expr(left_expr) => {
+                        Self::collide_expr(left_expr, index, normalized_values, result)?;
+                    }
+                    _ => {
+                        // Single operand - this shouldn't happen with OR
+                        // OR should always connect two sub-expressions
+                        return error::InvalidExprSnafu { expr: expr.clone() }.fail();
+                    }
+                }
+
+                // Process right side
+                match &*expr.rhs {
+                    Operand::Expr(right_expr) => {
+                        Self::collide_expr(right_expr, index, normalized_values, result)?;
+                    }
+                    _ => {
+                        // Single operand - this shouldn't happen with OR
+                        // OR should always connect two sub-expressions
+                        return error::InvalidExprSnafu { expr: expr.clone() }.fail();
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            RestrictedOp::And => {
+                // For AND operations, we need to combine nucleons
+                let mut nucleons = Vec::new();
+                Self::collect_nucleons_from_expr(expr, &mut nucleons, normalized_values)?;
+
+                result.push(AtomicExpr {
+                    nucleons,
+                    source_expr_index: index,
+                });
+            }
+            _ => {
+                // For other operations, create a single atomic expression
+                let mut nucleons = Vec::new();
+                Self::collect_nucleons_from_expr(expr, &mut nucleons, normalized_values)?;
+
+                result.push(AtomicExpr {
+                    nucleons,
+                    source_expr_index: index,
+                });
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Collect nucleons from an expression (handles AND operations recursively)
+    fn collect_nucleons_from_expr(
+        expr: &PartitionExpr,
+        nucleons: &mut Vec<NucleonExpr>,
+        normalized_values: &HashMap<String, HashMap<Value, OrderedF64>>,
+    ) -> Result<()> {
+        match expr.op {
+            RestrictedOp::And => {
+                // For AND operations, collect nucleons from both sides
+                Self::collect_nucleons_from_operand(&expr.lhs, nucleons, normalized_values)?;
+                Self::collect_nucleons_from_operand(&expr.rhs, nucleons, normalized_values)?;
+            }
+            _ => {
+                // For non-AND operations, try to create a nucleon directly
+                nucleons.push(Self::try_create_nucleon(
+                    &expr.lhs,
+                    &expr.op,
+                    &expr.rhs,
+                    normalized_values,
+                )?);
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Collect nucleons from an operand
+    fn collect_nucleons_from_operand(
+        operand: &Operand,
+        nucleons: &mut Vec<NucleonExpr>,
+        normalized_values: &HashMap<String, HashMap<Value, OrderedF64>>,
+    ) -> Result<()> {
+        match operand {
+            Operand::Expr(expr) => {
+                Self::collect_nucleons_from_expr(expr, nucleons, normalized_values)
+            }
+            _ => {
+                // Only `Operand::Expr` can be conjuncted by AND.
+                error::NoExprOperandSnafu {
+                    operand: operand.clone(),
+                }
+                .fail()
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Try to create a nucleon from operands
+    fn try_create_nucleon(
+        lhs: &Operand,
+        op: &RestrictedOp,
+        rhs: &Operand,
+        normalized_values: &HashMap<String, HashMap<Value, OrderedF64>>,
+    ) -> Result<NucleonExpr> {
+        let gluon_op = match op {
+            RestrictedOp::Eq => GluonOp::Eq,
+            RestrictedOp::NotEq => GluonOp::NotEq,
+            RestrictedOp::Lt => GluonOp::Lt,
+            RestrictedOp::LtEq => GluonOp::LtEq,
+            RestrictedOp::Gt => GluonOp::Gt,
+            RestrictedOp::GtEq => GluonOp::GtEq,
+            RestrictedOp::And | RestrictedOp::Or => {
+                // These should be handled elsewhere
+                return error::UnexpectedSnafu {
+                    err_msg: format!("Conjunction operation {:?} should be handled elsewhere", op),
+                }
+                .fail();
+            }
+        };
+
+        match (lhs, rhs) {
+            (Operand::Column(col), Operand::Value(val)) => {
+                if let Some(column_values) = normalized_values.get(col) {
+                    if let Some(&normalized_val) = column_values.get(val) {
+                        return Ok(NucleonExpr {
+                            column: col.clone(),
+                            op: gluon_op,
+                            value: normalized_val,
+                        });
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            (Operand::Value(val), Operand::Column(col)) => {
+                if let Some(column_values) = normalized_values.get(col) {
+                    if let Some(&normalized_val) = column_values.get(val) {
+                        // Flip the operation for value op column
+                        let flipped_op = match gluon_op {
+                            GluonOp::Lt => GluonOp::Gt,
+                            GluonOp::LtEq => GluonOp::GtEq,
+                            GluonOp::Gt => GluonOp::Lt,
+                            GluonOp::GtEq => GluonOp::LtEq,
+                            op => op, // Eq and NotEq remain the same
+                        };
+                        return Ok(NucleonExpr {
+                            column: col.clone(),
+                            op: flipped_op,
+                            value: normalized_val,
+                        });
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            _ => {}
+        }
+
+        // Other combinations not supported for nucleons
+        error::InvalidExprSnafu {
+            expr: PartitionExpr::new(lhs.clone(), op.clone(), rhs.clone()),
+        }
+        .fail()
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod test {
+    use super::*;
+    use crate::expr::col;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_collider_basic_value_normalization() {
+        // Test with different value types in different columns
+        let exprs = vec![
+            // Integer values
+            col("age").eq(Value::UInt32(25)),
+            col("age").eq(Value::UInt32(30)),
+            col("age").eq(Value::UInt32(25)), // Duplicate should be handled
+            // String values
+            col("name").eq(Value::String("alice".into())),
+            col("name").eq(Value::String("bob".into())),
+            // Boolean values
+            col("active").eq(Value::Boolean(true)),
+            col("active").eq(Value::Boolean(false)),
+            // Float values
+            col("score").eq(Value::Float64(OrderedFloat(95.5))),
+            col("score").eq(Value::Float64(OrderedFloat(87.2))),
+        ];
+
+        let collider = Collider::new(&exprs).expect("Failed to create collider");
+
+        // Check that we have the right number of columns
+        assert_eq!(collider.normalized_values.len(), 4);
+
+        // Check age column - should have 2 unique values (25, 30)
+        let age_values = &collider.normalized_values["age"];
+        assert_eq!(age_values.len(), 2);
+        assert_eq!(
+            age_values,
+            &[
+                (Value::UInt32(25), OrderedFloat(0.0f64)),
+                (Value::UInt32(30), OrderedFloat(1.0f64))
+            ]
+        );
+
+        // Check name column - should have 2 values
+        let name_values = &collider.normalized_values["name"];
+        assert_eq!(name_values.len(), 2);
+        assert_eq!(
+            name_values,
+            &[
+                (Value::String("alice".into()), OrderedFloat(0.0f64)),
+                (Value::String("bob".into()), OrderedFloat(1.0f64))
+            ]
+        );
+
+        // Check active column - should have 2 values
+        let active_values = &collider.normalized_values["active"];
+        assert_eq!(active_values.len(), 2);
+        assert_eq!(
+            active_values,
+            &[
+                (Value::Boolean(false), OrderedFloat(0.0f64)),
+                (Value::Boolean(true), OrderedFloat(1.0f64))
+            ]
+        );
+
+        // Check score column - should have 2 values
+        let score_values = &collider.normalized_values["score"];
+        assert_eq!(score_values.len(), 2);
+        assert_eq!(
+            score_values,
+            &[
+                (Value::Float64(OrderedFloat(87.2)), OrderedFloat(0.0f64)),
+                (Value::Float64(OrderedFloat(95.5)), OrderedFloat(1.0f64))
+            ]
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_collider_simple_expressions() {
+        // Test simple equality
+        let exprs = vec![col("id").eq(Value::UInt32(1))];
+
+        let collider = Collider::new(&exprs).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(collider.atomic_exprs.len(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(collider.atomic_exprs[0].nucleons.len(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(collider.atomic_exprs[0].source_expr_index, 0);
+
+        // Test simple AND
+        let exprs = vec![col("id")
+            .eq(Value::UInt32(1))
+            .and(col("status").eq(Value::String("active".into())))];
+
+        let collider = Collider::new(&exprs).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(collider.atomic_exprs.len(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(collider.atomic_exprs[0].nucleons.len(), 2);
+
+        // Test simple OR - should create 2 atomic expressions
+        let expr = PartitionExpr::new(
+            Operand::Expr(col("id").eq(Value::UInt32(1))),
+            RestrictedOp::Or,
+            Operand::Expr(col("id").eq(Value::UInt32(2))),
+        );
+        let exprs = vec![expr];
+
+        let collider = Collider::new(&exprs).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(collider.atomic_exprs.len(), 2);
+        assert_eq!(collider.atomic_exprs[0].nucleons.len(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(collider.atomic_exprs[1].nucleons.len(), 1);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_collider_complex_nested_expressions() {
+        // Test: (id = 1 AND status = 'active') OR (id = 2 AND status = 'inactive') OR (id = 3)
+        let branch1 = col("id")
+            .eq(Value::UInt32(1))
+            .and(col("status").eq(Value::String("active".into())));
+        let branch2 = col("id")
+            .eq(Value::UInt32(2))
+            .and(col("status").eq(Value::String("inactive".into())));
+        let branch3 = col("id").eq(Value::UInt32(3));
+
+        let expr = PartitionExpr::new(
+            Operand::Expr(PartitionExpr::new(
+                Operand::Expr(branch1),
+                RestrictedOp::Or,
+                Operand::Expr(branch2),
+            )),
+            RestrictedOp::Or,
+            Operand::Expr(branch3),
+        );
+
+        let exprs = vec![expr];
+        let collider = Collider::new(&exprs).unwrap();
+
+        assert_eq!(collider.atomic_exprs.len(), 3);
+
+        let total_nucleons: usize = collider
+            .atomic_exprs
+            .iter()
+            .map(|ae| ae.nucleons.len())
+            .sum();
+        assert_eq!(total_nucleons, 5);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_collider_deep_nesting() {
+        // Test deeply nested AND operations: a = 1 AND b = 2 AND c = 3 AND d = 4
+        let expr = col("a")
+            .eq(Value::UInt32(1))
+            .and(col("b").eq(Value::UInt32(2)))
+            .and(col("c").eq(Value::UInt32(3)))
+            .and(col("d").eq(Value::UInt32(4)));
+
+        let exprs = vec![expr];
+        let collider = Collider::new(&exprs).unwrap();
+
+        assert_eq!(collider.atomic_exprs.len(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(collider.atomic_exprs[0].nucleons.len(), 4);
+
+        // All nucleons should have Eq operation
+        for nucleon in &collider.atomic_exprs[0].nucleons {
+            assert_eq!(nucleon.op, GluonOp::Eq);
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_collider_multiple_expressions() {
+        // Test multiple separate expressions
+        let exprs = vec![
+            col("id").eq(Value::UInt32(1)),
+            col("name").eq(Value::String("alice".into())),
+            col("score").gt_eq(Value::Float64(OrderedFloat(90.0))),
+        ];
+
+        let collider = Collider::new(&exprs).unwrap();
+
+        // Should create 3 atomic expressions (one for each input expression)
+        assert_eq!(collider.atomic_exprs.len(), 3);
+
+        // Each should have exactly 1 nucleon
+        for atomic_expr in &collider.atomic_exprs {
+            assert_eq!(atomic_expr.nucleons.len(), 1);
+        }
+
+        // Check that source indices are correct
+        let indices: Vec<usize> = collider
+            .atomic_exprs
+            .iter()
+            .map(|ae| ae.source_expr_index)
+            .collect();
+        assert!(indices.contains(&0));
+        assert!(indices.contains(&1));
+        assert!(indices.contains(&2));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_collider_value_column_order() {
+        // Test expressions where value comes before column (should flip operation)
+        let expr1 = PartitionExpr::new(
+            Operand::Value(Value::UInt32(10)),
+            RestrictedOp::Lt,
+            Operand::Column("age".to_string()),
+        ); // 10 < age should become age > 10
+
+        let expr2 = PartitionExpr::new(
+            Operand::Value(Value::UInt32(20)),
+            RestrictedOp::GtEq,
+            Operand::Column("score".to_string()),
+        ); // 20 >= score should become score <= 20
+
+        let exprs = vec![expr1, expr2];
+        let collider = Collider::new(&exprs).unwrap();
+
+        assert_eq!(collider.atomic_exprs.len(), 2);
+
+        // Check that operations were flipped correctly
+        let operations: Vec<GluonOp> = collider
+            .atomic_exprs
+            .iter()
+            .map(|ae| ae.nucleons[0].op.clone())
+            .collect();
+
+        assert!(operations.contains(&GluonOp::Gt)); // 10 < age -> age > 10
+        assert!(operations.contains(&GluonOp::LtEq)); // 20 >= score -> score <= 20
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_collider_complex_or_with_different_columns() {
+        // Test: (name = 'alice' AND age = 25) OR (status = 'active' AND score > 90)
+        let branch1 = col("name")
+            .eq(Value::String("alice".into()))
+            .and(col("age").eq(Value::UInt32(25)));
+
+        let branch2 = col("status")
+            .eq(Value::String("active".into()))
+            .and(PartitionExpr::new(
+                Operand::Column("score".to_string()),
+                RestrictedOp::Gt,
+                Operand::Value(Value::Float64(OrderedFloat(90.0))),
+            ));
+
+        let expr = PartitionExpr::new(
+            Operand::Expr(branch1),
+            RestrictedOp::Or,
+            Operand::Expr(branch2),
+        );
+
+        let exprs = vec![expr];
+        let collider = Collider::new(&exprs).expect("Failed to create collider");
+
+        // Should create 2 atomic expressions
+        assert_eq!(collider.atomic_exprs.len(), 2);
+
+        // Each atomic expression should have 2 nucleons
+        for atomic_expr in &collider.atomic_exprs {
+            assert_eq!(atomic_expr.nucleons.len(), 2);
+        }
+
+        // Should have normalized values for all 4 columns
+        assert_eq!(collider.normalized_values.len(), 4);
+        assert!(collider.normalized_values.contains_key("name"));
+        assert!(collider.normalized_values.contains_key("age"));
+        assert!(collider.normalized_values.contains_key("status"));
+        assert!(collider.normalized_values.contains_key("score"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_try_create_nucleon_edge_cases() {
+        let normalized_values = HashMap::new();
+
+        // Test with AND operation
+        let result = Collider::try_create_nucleon(
+            &col("a"),
+            &RestrictedOp::And,
+            &Operand::Value(Value::UInt32(1)),
+            &normalized_values,
+        );
+        assert!(result.is_err());
+
+        // Test with OR operation
+        let result = Collider::try_create_nucleon(
+            &col("a"),
+            &RestrictedOp::Or,
+            &Operand::Value(Value::UInt32(1)),
+            &normalized_values,
+        );
+        assert!(result.is_err());
+
+        // Test with Column-Column
+        let result = Collider::try_create_nucleon(
+            &col("a"),
+            &RestrictedOp::Eq,
+            &col("b"),
+            &normalized_values,
+        );
+        assert!(result.is_err());
+
+        // Test with Value-Value
+        let result = Collider::try_create_nucleon(
+            &Operand::Value(Value::UInt32(1)),
+            &RestrictedOp::Eq,
+            &Operand::Value(Value::UInt32(2)),
+            &normalized_values,
+        );
+        assert!(result.is_err());
+
+        // Test empty expression list
+        let exprs = vec![];
+        let collider = Collider::new(&exprs).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(collider.atomic_exprs.len(), 0);
+        assert_eq!(collider.normalized_values.len(), 0);
+    }
+}

src/partition/src/error.rs

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ use snafu::{Location, Snafu};
 use store_api::storage::RegionId;
 use table::metadata::TableId;
 
-use crate::expr::PartitionExpr;
+use crate::expr::{Operand, PartitionExpr};
 
 #[derive(Snafu)]
 #[snafu(visibility(pub))]
@@ -162,6 +162,13 @@ pub enum Error {
         location: Location,
     },
 
+    #[snafu(display("Unexpected operand: {:?}, want Expr", operand))]
+    NoExprOperand {
+        operand: Operand,
+        #[snafu(implicit)]
+        location: Location,
+    },
+
     #[snafu(display("Undefined column: {}", column))]
     UndefinedColumn {
         column: String,
@@ -239,6 +246,7 @@ impl ErrorExt for Error {
             Error::ConjunctExprWithNonExpr { .. }
             | Error::UnclosedValue { .. }
             | Error::InvalidExpr { .. }
+            | Error::NoExprOperand { .. }
             | Error::UndefinedColumn { .. } => StatusCode::InvalidArguments,
 
             Error::RegionKeysSize { .. }

src/partition/src/expr.rs

@@ -115,6 +115,18 @@ impl Operand {
     pub fn eq(self, rhs: impl Into<Self>) -> PartitionExpr {
         PartitionExpr::new(self, RestrictedOp::Eq, rhs.into())
     }
+
+    pub fn not_eq(self, rhs: impl Into<Self>) -> PartitionExpr {
+        PartitionExpr::new(self, RestrictedOp::NotEq, rhs.into())
+    }
+
+    pub fn gt(self, rhs: impl Into<Self>) -> PartitionExpr {
+        PartitionExpr::new(self, RestrictedOp::Gt, rhs.into())
+    }
+
+    pub fn lt_eq(self, rhs: impl Into<Self>) -> PartitionExpr {
+        PartitionExpr::new(self, RestrictedOp::LtEq, rhs.into())
+    }
 }
 
 impl Display for Operand {

src/partition/src/lib.rs

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 #![feature(let_chains)]
 //! Structs and traits for partitioning rule.   
 
+pub mod collider;
 pub mod error;
 pub mod expr;
 pub mod manager;

src/partition/src/partition.rs

@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ use std::fmt::{Debug, Display, Formatter};
 use std::sync::Arc;
 
 use common_meta::rpc::router::Partition as MetaPartition;
-use datafusion_expr::Operator;
 use datatypes::arrow::array::{BooleanArray, RecordBatch};
 use datatypes::prelude::Value;
 use itertools::Itertools;
@@ -157,27 +156,6 @@ impl TryFrom<PartitionDef> for MetaPartition {
     }
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub struct PartitionExpr {
-    pub column: String,
-    pub op: Operator,
-    pub value: Value,
-}
-
-impl PartitionExpr {
-    pub fn new(column: impl Into<String>, op: Operator, value: Value) -> Self {
-        Self {
-            column: column.into(),
-            op,
-            value,
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn value(&self) -> &Value {
-        &self.value
-    }
-}
-
 pub struct RegionMask {
     array: BooleanArray,
     selected_rows: usize,