x

2025-12-24 07:00:00 +00:00 · 2025-01-02 15:21:29 +08:00
1214 changed files with 41931 additions and 63448 deletions
--- a/.cargo/config.toml
+++ b/.cargo/config.toml
@@ -3,12 +3,3 @@ linker = "aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc"

 [alias]
 sqlness = "run --bin sqlness-runner --"
-
-[unstable.git]
-shallow_index = true
-shallow_deps = true
-[unstable.gitoxide]
-fetch = true
-checkout = true
-list_files = true
-internal_use_git2 = false
--- a/.github/actions/build-dev-builder-images/action.yml
+++ b/.github/actions/build-dev-builder-images/action.yml
@@ -41,14 +41,7 @@ runs:
        username: ${{ inputs.dockerhub-image-registry-username }}
        password: ${{ inputs.dockerhub-image-registry-token }}

-    - name: Set up qemu for multi-platform builds
-      uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
-      with:
-        platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64
-        # The latest version will lead to segmentation fault.
-        image: tonistiigi/binfmt:qemu-v7.0.0-28
-
-    - name: Build and push dev-builder-ubuntu image # Build image for amd64 and arm64 platform.
+    - name: Build and push dev-builder-ubuntu image
      shell: bash
      if: ${{ inputs.build-dev-builder-ubuntu == 'true' }}
      run: |
@@ -59,7 +52,7 @@ runs:
          IMAGE_NAMESPACE=${{ inputs.dockerhub-image-namespace }} \
          DEV_BUILDER_IMAGE_TAG=${{ inputs.version }}

-    - name: Build and push dev-builder-centos image # Only build image for amd64 platform.
+    - name: Build and push dev-builder-centos image
      shell: bash
      if: ${{ inputs.build-dev-builder-centos == 'true' }}
      run: |
@@ -76,7 +69,8 @@ runs:
      run: |
        make dev-builder \
          BASE_IMAGE=android \
-          BUILDX_MULTI_PLATFORM_BUILD=amd64 \
          IMAGE_REGISTRY=${{ inputs.dockerhub-image-registry }} \
          IMAGE_NAMESPACE=${{ inputs.dockerhub-image-namespace }} \
-          DEV_BUILDER_IMAGE_TAG=${{ inputs.version }}
+          DEV_BUILDER_IMAGE_TAG=${{ inputs.version }} && \
+
+        docker push ${{ inputs.dockerhub-image-registry }}/${{ inputs.dockerhub-image-namespace }}/dev-builder-android:${{ inputs.version }}
--- a/.github/actions/build-greptime-images/action.yml
+++ b/.github/actions/build-greptime-images/action.yml
@@ -34,8 +34,8 @@ inputs:
    required: true
  push-latest-tag:
    description: Whether to push the latest tag
-    required: true
-    default: 'false'
+    required: false
+    default: 'true'
 runs:
  using: composite
  steps:
@@ -47,11 +47,7 @@ runs:
        password: ${{ inputs.image-registry-password }}

    - name: Set up qemu for multi-platform builds
-      uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
-      with:
-        platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64
-        # The latest version will lead to segmentation fault.
-        image: tonistiigi/binfmt:qemu-v7.0.0-28
+      uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v2

    - name: Set up buildx
      uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v2
--- a/.github/actions/build-images/action.yml
+++ b/.github/actions/build-images/action.yml
@@ -22,8 +22,8 @@ inputs:
    required: true
  push-latest-tag:
    description: Whether to push the latest tag
-    required: true
-    default: 'false'
+    required: false
+    default: 'true'
  dev-mode:
    description: Enable dev mode, only build standard greptime
    required: false
--- a/.github/actions/build-linux-artifacts/action.yml
+++ b/.github/actions/build-linux-artifacts/action.yml
@@ -48,11 +48,12 @@ runs:
        path: /tmp/greptime-*.log
        retention-days: 3

-    - name: Build greptime # Builds standard greptime binary
+    - name: Build greptime
+      if: ${{ inputs.dev-mode == 'false' }}
      uses: ./.github/actions/build-greptime-binary
      with:
        base-image: ubuntu
-        features: servers/dashboard,pg_kvbackend,mysql_kvbackend
+        features: servers/dashboard
        cargo-profile: ${{ inputs.cargo-profile }}
        artifacts-dir: greptime-linux-${{ inputs.arch }}-${{ inputs.version }}
        version: ${{ inputs.version }}
@@ -70,7 +71,7 @@ runs:
      if: ${{ inputs.arch == 'amd64' && inputs.dev-mode == 'false' }} # Builds greptime for centos if the host machine is amd64.
      with:
        base-image: centos
-        features: servers/dashboard,pg_kvbackend,mysql_kvbackend
+        features: servers/dashboard
        cargo-profile: ${{ inputs.cargo-profile }}
        artifacts-dir: greptime-linux-${{ inputs.arch }}-centos-${{ inputs.version }}
        version: ${{ inputs.version }}
--- a/.github/actions/publish-github-release/action.yml
+++ b/.github/actions/publish-github-release/action.yml
@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ runs:
  steps:
    # Download artifacts from previous jobs, the artifacts will be downloaded to:
    # ${WORKING_DIR}
-    #   |- greptime-darwin-amd64-v0.5.0/greptime-darwin-amd64-v0.5.0.tar.gz
-    #   |- greptime-darwin-amd64-v0.5.0.sha256sum/greptime-darwin-amd64-v0.5.0.sha256sum
+    #   |- greptime-darwin-amd64-pyo3-v0.5.0/greptime-darwin-amd64-pyo3-v0.5.0.tar.gz
+    #   |- greptime-darwin-amd64-pyo3-v0.5.0.sha256sum/greptime-darwin-amd64-pyo3-v0.5.0.sha256sum
    #   |- greptime-darwin-amd64-v0.5.0/greptime-darwin-amd64-v0.5.0.tar.gz
    #   |- greptime-darwin-amd64-v0.5.0.sha256sum/greptime-darwin-amd64-v0.5.0.sha256sum
    #   ...
--- a/.github/actions/release-cn-artifacts/action.yaml
+++ b/.github/actions/release-cn-artifacts/action.yaml
@@ -51,8 +51,8 @@ inputs:
    required: true
  upload-to-s3:
    description: Upload to S3
-    required: true
-    default: 'false'
+    required: false
+    default: 'true'
  artifacts-dir:
    description: Directory to store artifacts
    required: false
@@ -77,21 +77,13 @@ runs:
      with:
        path: ${{ inputs.artifacts-dir }}

-    - name: Install s5cmd
-      shell: bash
-      run: |
-        wget https://github.com/peak/s5cmd/releases/download/v2.3.0/s5cmd_2.3.0_Linux-64bit.tar.gz
-        tar -xzf s5cmd_2.3.0_Linux-64bit.tar.gz
-        sudo mv s5cmd /usr/local/bin/
-        sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/s5cmd
-
    - name: Release artifacts to cn region
      uses: nick-invision/retry@v2
      if: ${{ inputs.upload-to-s3 == 'true' }}
      env:
        AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID: ${{ inputs.aws-cn-access-key-id }}
        AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY: ${{ inputs.aws-cn-secret-access-key }}
-        AWS_REGION: ${{ inputs.aws-cn-region }}
+        AWS_DEFAULT_REGION: ${{ inputs.aws-cn-region }}
        UPDATE_VERSION_INFO: ${{ inputs.update-version-info }}
      with:
        max_attempts: ${{ inputs.upload-max-retry-times }}
--- a/.github/actions/start-runner/action.yml
+++ b/.github/actions/start-runner/action.yml
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ runs:

    - name: Start EC2 runner
      if: startsWith(inputs.runner, 'ec2')
-      uses: machulav/ec2-github-runner@v2.3.8
+      uses: machulav/ec2-github-runner@v2
      id: start-linux-arm64-ec2-runner
      with:
        mode: start
--- a/.github/actions/stop-runner/action.yml
+++ b/.github/actions/stop-runner/action.yml
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ runs:

    - name: Stop EC2 runner
      if: ${{ inputs.label && inputs.ec2-instance-id }}
-      uses: machulav/ec2-github-runner@v2.3.8
+      uses: machulav/ec2-github-runner@v2
      with:
        mode: stop
        label: ${{ inputs.label }}
--- a/.github/actions/upload-artifacts/action.yml
+++ b/.github/actions/upload-artifacts/action.yml
@@ -30,9 +30,9 @@ runs:
        done

    # The compressed artifacts will use the following layout:
-    # greptime-linux-amd64-v0.3.0sha256sum
-    # greptime-linux-amd64-v0.3.0.tar.gz
-    #   greptime-linux-amd64-v0.3.0
+    # greptime-linux-amd64-pyo3-v0.3.0sha256sum
+    # greptime-linux-amd64-pyo3-v0.3.0.tar.gz
+    #   greptime-linux-amd64-pyo3-v0.3.0
    #   └── greptime
    - name: Compress artifacts and calculate checksum
      working-directory: ${{ inputs.working-dir }}
--- a/.github/scripts/upload-artifacts-to-s3.sh
+++ b/.github/scripts/upload-artifacts-to-s3.sh
@@ -27,13 +27,13 @@ function upload_artifacts() {
  # ├── latest-version.txt
  # ├── latest-nightly-version.txt
  # ├── v0.1.0
-  # │   ├── greptime-darwin-amd64-v0.1.0.sha256sum
-  # │   └── greptime-darwin-amd64-v0.1.0.tar.gz
+  # │   ├── greptime-darwin-amd64-pyo3-v0.1.0.sha256sum
+  # │   └── greptime-darwin-amd64-pyo3-v0.1.0.tar.gz
  # └── v0.2.0
-  #    ├── greptime-darwin-amd64-v0.2.0.sha256sum
-  #    └── greptime-darwin-amd64-v0.2.0.tar.gz
+  #    ├── greptime-darwin-amd64-pyo3-v0.2.0.sha256sum
+  #    └── greptime-darwin-amd64-pyo3-v0.2.0.tar.gz
  find "$ARTIFACTS_DIR" -type f \( -name "*.tar.gz" -o -name "*.sha256sum" \) | while IFS= read -r file; do
-    s5cmd cp \
+    aws s3 cp \
      "$file" "s3://$AWS_S3_BUCKET/$RELEASE_DIRS/$VERSION/$(basename "$file")"
  done
 }
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ function update_version_info() {
    if [[ "$VERSION" =~ ^v[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+$ ]]; then
      echo "Updating latest-version.txt"
      echo "$VERSION" > latest-version.txt
-      s5cmd cp \
+      aws s3 cp \
        latest-version.txt "s3://$AWS_S3_BUCKET/$RELEASE_DIRS/latest-version.txt"
    fi

@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ function update_version_info() {
    if [[ "$VERSION" == *"nightly"* ]]; then
      echo "Updating latest-nightly-version.txt"
      echo "$VERSION" > latest-nightly-version.txt
-      s5cmd cp \
+      aws s3 cp \
        latest-nightly-version.txt "s3://$AWS_S3_BUCKET/$RELEASE_DIRS/latest-nightly-version.txt"
    fi
  fi
--- a/.github/workflows/apidoc.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/apidoc.yml
@@ -14,11 +14,9 @@ name: Build API docs

 jobs:
  apidoc:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
    steps:
    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      with:
-        persist-credentials: false
    - uses: arduino/setup-protoc@v3
      with:
        repo-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
--- a/.github/workflows/dependency-check.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/dependency-check.yml
@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 name: Check Dependencies

 on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - main
  pull_request:
    branches:
      - main
@@ -12,8 +15,6 @@ jobs:
    steps:
    - name: Checkout code
      uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      with:
-        persist-credentials: false

    - name: Set up Rust
      uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1
--- a/.github/workflows/dev-build.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/dev-build.yml
@@ -16,11 +16,11 @@ on:
        description: The runner uses to build linux-amd64 artifacts
        default: ec2-c6i.4xlarge-amd64
        options:
-          - ubuntu-22.04
-          - ubuntu-22.04-8-cores
-          - ubuntu-22.04-16-cores
-          - ubuntu-22.04-32-cores
-          - ubuntu-22.04-64-cores
+          - ubuntu-20.04
+          - ubuntu-20.04-8-cores
+          - ubuntu-20.04-16-cores
+          - ubuntu-20.04-32-cores
+          - ubuntu-20.04-64-cores
          - ec2-c6i.xlarge-amd64 # 4C8G
          - ec2-c6i.2xlarge-amd64 # 8C16G
          - ec2-c6i.4xlarge-amd64 # 16C32G
@@ -76,14 +76,20 @@ env:

  NIGHTLY_RELEASE_PREFIX: nightly

+  # Use the different image name to avoid conflict with the release images.
+  IMAGE_NAME: greptimedb-dev
+
  # The source code will check out in the following path: '${WORKING_DIR}/dev/greptime'.
  CHECKOUT_GREPTIMEDB_PATH: dev/greptimedb

+permissions:
+  issues: write
+
 jobs:
  allocate-runners:
    name: Allocate runners
    if: ${{ github.repository == 'GreptimeTeam/greptimedb' }}
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
    outputs:
      linux-amd64-runner: ${{ steps.start-linux-amd64-runner.outputs.label }}
      linux-arm64-runner: ${{ steps.start-linux-arm64-runner.outputs.label }}
@@ -101,7 +107,6 @@ jobs:
        uses: actions/checkout@v4
        with:
          fetch-depth: 0
-          persist-credentials: false

      - name: Create version
        id: create-version
@@ -156,7 +161,6 @@ jobs:
        uses: actions/checkout@v4
        with:
          fetch-depth: 0
-          persist-credentials: false

      - name: Checkout greptimedb
        uses: actions/checkout@v4
@@ -164,7 +168,6 @@ jobs:
          repository: ${{ inputs.repository }}
          ref: ${{ inputs.commit }}
          path: ${{ env.CHECKOUT_GREPTIMEDB_PATH }}
-          persist-credentials: true

      - uses: ./.github/actions/build-linux-artifacts
        with:
@@ -189,7 +192,6 @@ jobs:
        uses: actions/checkout@v4
        with:
          fetch-depth: 0
-          persist-credentials: false

      - name: Checkout greptimedb
        uses: actions/checkout@v4
@@ -197,7 +199,6 @@ jobs:
          repository: ${{ inputs.repository }}
          ref: ${{ inputs.commit }}
          path: ${{ env.CHECKOUT_GREPTIMEDB_PATH }}
-          persist-credentials: true

      - uses: ./.github/actions/build-linux-artifacts
        with:
@@ -218,33 +219,25 @@ jobs:
      build-linux-amd64-artifacts,
      build-linux-arm64-artifacts,
    ]
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
    outputs:
      build-result: ${{ steps.set-build-result.outputs.build-result }}
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
        with:
          fetch-depth: 0
-          persist-credentials: false

      - name: Build and push images to dockerhub
        uses: ./.github/actions/build-images
        with:
          image-registry: docker.io
          image-namespace: ${{ vars.IMAGE_NAMESPACE }}
-          image-name: ${{ vars.DEV_BUILD_IMAGE_NAME }}
+          image-name: ${{ env.IMAGE_NAME }}
          image-registry-username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
          image-registry-password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
          version: ${{ needs.allocate-runners.outputs.version }}
          push-latest-tag: false # Don't push the latest tag to registry.
          dev-mode: true # Only build the standard images.
-          
-      - name: Echo Docker image tag to step summary
-        run: |
-          echo "## Docker Image Tag" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
-          echo "Image Tag: \`${{ needs.allocate-runners.outputs.version }}\`" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
-          echo "Full Image Name: \`docker.io/${{ vars.IMAGE_NAMESPACE }}/${{ vars.DEV_BUILD_IMAGE_NAME }}:${{ needs.allocate-runners.outputs.version }}\`" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
-          echo "Pull Command: \`docker pull docker.io/${{ vars.IMAGE_NAMESPACE }}/${{ vars.DEV_BUILD_IMAGE_NAME }}:${{ needs.allocate-runners.outputs.version }}\`" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY

      - name: Set build result
        id: set-build-result
@@ -258,20 +251,19 @@ jobs:
      allocate-runners,
      release-images-to-dockerhub,
    ]
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
    continue-on-error: true
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
        with:
          fetch-depth: 0
-          persist-credentials: false

      - name: Release artifacts to CN region
        uses: ./.github/actions/release-cn-artifacts
        with:
          src-image-registry: docker.io
          src-image-namespace: ${{ vars.IMAGE_NAMESPACE }}
-          src-image-name: ${{ vars.DEV_BUILD_IMAGE_NAME }}
+          src-image-name: ${{ env.IMAGE_NAME }}
          dst-image-registry-username: ${{ secrets.ALICLOUD_USERNAME }}
          dst-image-registry-password: ${{ secrets.ALICLOUD_PASSWORD }}
          dst-image-registry: ${{ vars.ACR_IMAGE_REGISTRY }}
@@ -281,7 +273,6 @@ jobs:
          aws-cn-access-key-id: ${{ secrets.AWS_CN_ACCESS_KEY_ID }}
          aws-cn-secret-access-key: ${{ secrets.AWS_CN_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY }}
          aws-cn-region: ${{ vars.AWS_RELEASE_BUCKET_REGION }}
-          upload-to-s3: false
          dev-mode: true                     # Only build the standard images(exclude centos images).
          push-latest-tag: false             # Don't push the latest tag to registry.
          update-version-info: false         # Don't update the version info in S3.
@@ -290,7 +281,7 @@ jobs:
    name: Stop linux-amd64 runner
    # Only run this job when the runner is allocated.
    if: ${{ always() }}
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
    needs: [
      allocate-runners,
      build-linux-amd64-artifacts,
@@ -300,7 +291,6 @@ jobs:
        uses: actions/checkout@v4
        with:
          fetch-depth: 0
-          persist-credentials: false

      - name: Stop EC2 runner
        uses: ./.github/actions/stop-runner
@@ -316,7 +306,7 @@ jobs:
    name: Stop linux-arm64 runner
    # Only run this job when the runner is allocated.
    if: ${{ always() }}
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
    needs: [
      allocate-runners,
      build-linux-arm64-artifacts,
@@ -326,7 +316,6 @@ jobs:
        uses: actions/checkout@v4
        with:
          fetch-depth: 0
-          persist-credentials: false

      - name: Stop EC2 runner
        uses: ./.github/actions/stop-runner
@@ -344,17 +333,11 @@ jobs:
    needs: [
      release-images-to-dockerhub
    ]
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    permissions:
-      issues: write
-
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
    env:
      SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL: ${{ secrets.SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL_DEVELOP_CHANNEL }}
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          fetch-depth: 0
-          persist-credentials: false
      - uses: ./.github/actions/setup-cyborg
      - name: Report CI status
        id: report-ci-status
--- a/.github/workflows/develop.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/develop.yml
@@ -1,6 +1,4 @@
 on:
-  schedule:
-    - cron: "0 15 * * 1-5"
  merge_group:
  pull_request:
    types: [ opened, synchronize, reopened, ready_for_review ]
@@ -23,11 +21,9 @@ concurrency:
 jobs:
  check-typos-and-docs:
    name: Check typos and docs
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
      - uses: crate-ci/typos@master
      - name: Check the config docs
        run: |
@@ -36,12 +32,10 @@ jobs:
          || (echo "'config/config.md' is not up-to-date, please run 'make config-docs'." && exit 1)

  license-header-check:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
    name: Check License Header
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
      - uses: korandoru/hawkeye@v5

  check:
@@ -49,12 +43,10 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
    strategy:
      matrix:
-        os: [ ubuntu-latest ]
+        os: [ windows-2022, ubuntu-20.04 ]
    timeout-minutes: 60
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
      - uses: arduino/setup-protoc@v3
        with:
          repo-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
@@ -65,20 +57,21 @@ jobs:
          # Shares across multiple jobs
          # Shares with `Clippy` job
          shared-key: "check-lint"
-          cache-all-crates: "true"
-          save-if: ${{ github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' }}
      - name: Run cargo check
        run: cargo check --locked --workspace --all-targets

  toml:
    name: Toml Check
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
    timeout-minutes: 60
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
      - uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1
+      - name: Rust Cache
+        uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
+        with:
+          # Shares across multiple jobs
+          shared-key: "check-toml"
      - name: Install taplo
        run: cargo +stable install taplo-cli --version ^0.9 --locked --force
      - name: Run taplo
@@ -89,12 +82,10 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
    strategy:
      matrix:
-        os: [ ubuntu-latest ]
+        os: [ ubuntu-20.04 ]
    timeout-minutes: 60
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
      - uses: arduino/setup-protoc@v3
        with:
          repo-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
@@ -103,15 +94,13 @@ jobs:
        with:
          # Shares across multiple jobs
          shared-key: "build-binaries"
-          cache-all-crates: "true"
-          save-if: ${{ github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' }}
      - name: Install cargo-gc-bin
        shell: bash
        run: cargo install cargo-gc-bin --force
      - name: Build greptime binaries
        shell: bash
        # `cargo gc` will invoke `cargo build` with specified args
-        run: cargo gc -- --bin greptime --bin sqlness-runner --features "pg_kvbackend,mysql_kvbackend"
+        run: cargo gc -- --bin greptime --bin sqlness-runner
      - name: Pack greptime binaries
        shell: bash
        run: |
@@ -149,12 +138,15 @@ jobs:
          echo "Disk space after:"
          df -h
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
      - uses: arduino/setup-protoc@v3
        with:
          repo-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
      - uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1
+      - name: Rust Cache
+        uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
+        with:
+          # Shares across multiple jobs
+          shared-key: "fuzz-test-targets"
      - name: Set Rust Fuzz
        shell: bash
        run: |
@@ -204,12 +196,15 @@ jobs:
          echo "Disk space after:"
          df -h
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
      - uses: arduino/setup-protoc@v3
        with:
          repo-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
      - uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1
+      - name: Rust Cache
+        uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
+        with:
+          # Shares across multiple jobs
+          shared-key: "fuzz-test-targets"
      - name: Set Rust Fuzz
        shell: bash
        run: |
@@ -248,12 +243,10 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
    strategy:
      matrix:
-        os: [ ubuntu-latest ]
+        os: [ ubuntu-20.04 ]
    timeout-minutes: 60
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
      - uses: arduino/setup-protoc@v3
        with:
          repo-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
@@ -262,15 +255,13 @@ jobs:
        with:
          # Shares across multiple jobs
          shared-key: "build-greptime-ci"
-          cache-all-crates: "true"
-          save-if: ${{ github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' }}
      - name: Install cargo-gc-bin
        shell: bash
        run: cargo install cargo-gc-bin --force
      - name: Build greptime bianry
        shell: bash
        # `cargo gc` will invoke `cargo build` with specified args
-        run: cargo gc --profile ci -- --bin greptime --features "pg_kvbackend,mysql_kvbackend"
+        run: cargo gc --profile ci -- --bin greptime
      - name: Pack greptime binary
        shell: bash
        run: |
@@ -311,8 +302,6 @@ jobs:
          echo "Disk space after:"
          df -h
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
      - name: Setup Kind
        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-kind
      - if: matrix.mode.minio
@@ -328,6 +317,11 @@ jobs:
        with:
          repo-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
      - uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1
+      - name: Rust Cache
+        uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
+        with:
+          # Shares across multiple jobs
+          shared-key: "fuzz-test-targets"
      - name: Set Rust Fuzz
        shell: bash
        run: |
@@ -455,8 +449,6 @@ jobs:
          echo "Disk space after:"
          df -h
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
      - name: Setup Kind
        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-kind
      - name: Setup Chaos Mesh
@@ -474,6 +466,11 @@ jobs:
        with:
          repo-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
      - uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1
+      - name: Rust Cache
+        uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
+        with:
+          # Shares across multiple jobs
+          shared-key: "fuzz-test-targets"
      - name: Set Rust Fuzz
        shell: bash
        run: |
@@ -568,7 +565,7 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
    strategy:
      matrix:
-        os: [ ubuntu-latest ]
+        os: [ ubuntu-20.04 ]
        mode:
          - name: "Basic"
            opts: ""
@@ -576,18 +573,13 @@ jobs:
          - name: "Remote WAL"
            opts: "-w kafka -k 127.0.0.1:9092"
            kafka: true
-          - name: "Pg Kvbackend"
-            opts: "--setup-pg"
-            kafka: false
    timeout-minutes: 60
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
      - if: matrix.mode.kafka
        name: Setup kafka server
-        working-directory: tests-integration/fixtures
-        run: docker compose up -d --wait kafka
+        working-directory: tests-integration/fixtures/kafka
+        run: docker compose -f docker-compose-standalone.yml up -d --wait
      - name: Download pre-built binaries
        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
        with:
@@ -607,29 +599,30 @@ jobs:

  fmt:
    name: Rustfmt
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
    timeout-minutes: 60
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
      - uses: arduino/setup-protoc@v3
        with:
          repo-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
      - uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1
        with:
          components: rustfmt
+      - name: Rust Cache
+        uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
+        with:
+          # Shares across multiple jobs
+          shared-key: "check-rust-fmt"
      - name: Check format
        run: make fmt-check

  clippy:
    name: Clippy
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
    timeout-minutes: 60
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
      - uses: arduino/setup-protoc@v3
        with:
          repo-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
@@ -642,107 +635,55 @@ jobs:
          # Shares across multiple jobs
          # Shares with `Check` job
          shared-key: "check-lint"
-          cache-all-crates: "true"
-          save-if: ${{ github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' }}
      - name: Run cargo clippy
        run: make clippy

-  conflict-check:
-    name: Check for conflict
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
-      - name: Merge Conflict Finder
-        uses: olivernybroe/action-conflict-finder@v4.0
-
-  test:
-    if: github.event_name != 'merge_group'
-    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04-arm
-    timeout-minutes: 60
-    needs:  [conflict-check, clippy, fmt]
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
-      - uses: arduino/setup-protoc@v3
-        with:
-          repo-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-      - uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1
-      - name: Install toolchain
-        uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1
-        with:
-            cache: false
-      - name: Rust Cache
-        uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
-        with:
-          # Shares cross multiple jobs
-          shared-key: "coverage-test"
-          cache-all-crates: "true"
-          save-if: ${{ github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' }}
-      - name: Install latest nextest release
-        uses: taiki-e/install-action@nextest
-      - name: Setup external services
-        working-directory: tests-integration/fixtures
-        run: docker compose up -d --wait
-      - name: Run nextest cases
-        run: cargo nextest run --workspace -F dashboard -F pg_kvbackend -F mysql_kvbackend
-        env:
-          CARGO_BUILD_RUSTFLAGS: "-C link-arg=-fuse-ld=mold"
-          RUST_BACKTRACE: 1
-          RUST_MIN_STACK: 8388608 # 8MB
-          CARGO_INCREMENTAL: 0
-          GT_S3_BUCKET: ${{ vars.AWS_CI_TEST_BUCKET }}
-          GT_S3_ACCESS_KEY_ID: ${{ secrets.AWS_CI_TEST_ACCESS_KEY_ID }}
-          GT_S3_ACCESS_KEY: ${{ secrets.AWS_CI_TEST_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY }}
-          GT_S3_REGION: ${{ vars.AWS_CI_TEST_BUCKET_REGION }}
-          GT_MINIO_BUCKET: greptime
-          GT_MINIO_ACCESS_KEY_ID: superpower_ci_user
-          GT_MINIO_ACCESS_KEY: superpower_password
-          GT_MINIO_REGION: us-west-2
-          GT_MINIO_ENDPOINT_URL: http://127.0.0.1:9000
-          GT_ETCD_ENDPOINTS: http://127.0.0.1:2379
-          GT_POSTGRES_ENDPOINTS: postgres://greptimedb:admin@127.0.0.1:5432/postgres
-          GT_MYSQL_ENDPOINTS: mysql://greptimedb:admin@127.0.0.1:3306/mysql
-          GT_KAFKA_ENDPOINTS: 127.0.0.1:9092
-          GT_KAFKA_SASL_ENDPOINTS: 127.0.0.1:9093
-          UNITTEST_LOG_DIR: "__unittest_logs"
-
  coverage:
-    if: github.event_name == 'merge_group'
-    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04-8-cores
+    if: github.event.pull_request.draft == false
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04-8-cores
    timeout-minutes: 60
+    needs:  [clippy, fmt]
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
      - uses: arduino/setup-protoc@v3
        with:
          repo-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-      - uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1
+      - uses: KyleMayes/install-llvm-action@v1
+        with:
+          version: "14.0"
      - name: Install toolchain
        uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1
        with:
-          components: llvm-tools
-          cache: false
+          components: llvm-tools-preview
      - name: Rust Cache
        uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
        with:
          # Shares cross multiple jobs
          shared-key: "coverage-test"
-          save-if: ${{ github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' }}
+      - name: Docker Cache
+        uses: ScribeMD/docker-cache@0.3.7
+        with:
+          key: docker-${{ runner.os }}-coverage
      - name: Install latest nextest release
        uses: taiki-e/install-action@nextest
      - name: Install cargo-llvm-cov
        uses: taiki-e/install-action@cargo-llvm-cov
-      - name: Setup external services
-        working-directory: tests-integration/fixtures
-        run: docker compose up -d --wait
+      - name: Setup etcd server
+        working-directory: tests-integration/fixtures/etcd
+        run: docker compose -f docker-compose-standalone.yml up -d --wait
+      - name: Setup kafka server
+        working-directory: tests-integration/fixtures/kafka
+        run: docker compose -f docker-compose-standalone.yml up -d --wait
+      - name: Setup minio
+        working-directory: tests-integration/fixtures/minio
+        run: docker compose -f docker-compose-standalone.yml up -d --wait
+      - name: Setup postgres server
+        working-directory: tests-integration/fixtures/postgres
+        run: docker compose -f docker-compose-standalone.yml up -d --wait
      - name: Run nextest cases
-        run: cargo llvm-cov nextest --workspace --lcov --output-path lcov.info -F dashboard -F pg_kvbackend -F mysql_kvbackend
+        run: cargo llvm-cov nextest --workspace --lcov --output-path lcov.info -F dashboard -F pg_kvbackend
        env:
-          CARGO_BUILD_RUSTFLAGS: "-C link-arg=-fuse-ld=mold"
+          CARGO_BUILD_RUSTFLAGS: "-C link-arg=-fuse-ld=lld"
          RUST_BACKTRACE: 1
          CARGO_INCREMENTAL: 0
          GT_S3_BUCKET: ${{ vars.AWS_CI_TEST_BUCKET }}
@@ -756,7 +697,6 @@ jobs:
          GT_MINIO_ENDPOINT_URL: http://127.0.0.1:9000
          GT_ETCD_ENDPOINTS: http://127.0.0.1:2379
          GT_POSTGRES_ENDPOINTS: postgres://greptimedb:admin@127.0.0.1:5432/postgres
-          GT_MYSQL_ENDPOINTS: mysql://greptimedb:admin@127.0.0.1:3306/mysql
          GT_KAFKA_ENDPOINTS: 127.0.0.1:9092
          GT_KAFKA_SASL_ENDPOINTS: 127.0.0.1:9093
          UNITTEST_LOG_DIR: "__unittest_logs"
@@ -772,7 +712,7 @@ jobs:
  # compat:
  #   name: Compatibility Test
  #   needs: build
-  #   runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+  #   runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
  #   timeout-minutes: 60
  #   steps:
  #     - uses: actions/checkout@v4
--- a/.github/workflows/docbot.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/docbot.yml
@@ -3,21 +3,16 @@ on:
  pull_request_target:
    types: [opened, edited]

-concurrency:
-  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.head_ref || github.run_id }}
-  cancel-in-progress: true
+permissions:
+  pull-requests: write
+  contents: read

 jobs:
  docbot:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    permissions:
-      pull-requests: write
-      contents: read
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
    timeout-minutes: 10
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
      - uses: ./.github/actions/setup-cyborg
      - name: Maybe Follow Up Docs Issue
        working-directory: cyborg
--- a/.github/workflows/docs.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/docs.yml
@@ -31,47 +31,38 @@ name: CI
 jobs:
  typos:
    name: Spell Check with Typos
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
      - uses: crate-ci/typos@master

  license-header-check:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
    name: Check License Header
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
      - uses: korandoru/hawkeye@v5

  check:
    name: Check
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
    steps:
      - run: 'echo "No action required"'

  fmt:
    name: Rustfmt
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
    steps:
      - run: 'echo "No action required"'

  clippy:
    name: Clippy
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
    steps:
      - run: 'echo "No action required"'

  coverage:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - run: 'echo "No action required"'
-
-  test:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
    steps:
      - run: 'echo "No action required"'

@@ -80,7 +71,7 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
    strategy:
      matrix:
-        os: [ ubuntu-latest ]
+        os: [ ubuntu-20.04 ]
        mode:
          - name: "Basic"
          - name: "Remote WAL"
--- a/.github/workflows/grafana.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/grafana.yml
@@ -1,52 +0,0 @@
-name: Check Grafana Panels
-
-on:
-  pull_request:
-    branches:
-      - main
-    paths:
-      - 'grafana/**'  # Trigger only when files under the grafana/ directory change
-
-jobs:
-  check-panels:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-
-    steps:
-      # Check out the repository
-      - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
-
-      # Install jq (required for the script)
-      - name: Install jq
-        run: sudo apt-get install -y jq
-
-      # Make the check.sh script executable
-      - name: Make check.sh executable
-        run: chmod +x grafana/check.sh
-
-      # Run the check.sh script
-      - name: Run check.sh
-        run: ./grafana/check.sh
-
-      # Only run summary.sh for pull_request events (not for merge queues or final pushes)
-      - name: Check if this is a pull request
-        id: check-pr
-        run: |
-          if [[ "${{ github.event_name }}" == "pull_request" ]]; then
-            echo "is_pull_request=true" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-          else
-            echo "is_pull_request=false" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-          fi
-
-      # Make the summary.sh script executable
-      - name: Make summary.sh executable
-        if: steps.check-pr.outputs.is_pull_request == 'true'
-        run: chmod +x grafana/summary.sh
-
-      # Run the summary.sh script and add its output to the GitHub Job Summary
-      - name: Run summary.sh and add to Job Summary
-        if: steps.check-pr.outputs.is_pull_request == 'true'
-        run: |
-          SUMMARY=$(./grafana/summary.sh)
-          echo "### Summary of Grafana Panels" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
-          echo "$SUMMARY" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
--- a/.github/workflows/nightly-build.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/nightly-build.yml
@@ -14,11 +14,11 @@ on:
        description: The runner uses to build linux-amd64 artifacts
        default: ec2-c6i.4xlarge-amd64
        options:
-          - ubuntu-22.04
-          - ubuntu-22.04-8-cores
-          - ubuntu-22.04-16-cores
-          - ubuntu-22.04-32-cores
-          - ubuntu-22.04-64-cores
+          - ubuntu-20.04
+          - ubuntu-20.04-8-cores
+          - ubuntu-20.04-16-cores
+          - ubuntu-20.04-32-cores
+          - ubuntu-20.04-64-cores
          - ec2-c6i.xlarge-amd64 # 4C8G
          - ec2-c6i.2xlarge-amd64 # 8C16G
          - ec2-c6i.4xlarge-amd64 # 16C32G
@@ -66,11 +66,18 @@ env:

  NIGHTLY_RELEASE_PREFIX: nightly

+  # Use the different image name to avoid conflict with the release images.
+  # The DockerHub image will be greptime/greptimedb-nightly.
+  IMAGE_NAME: greptimedb-nightly
+
+permissions:
+  issues: write
+
 jobs:
  allocate-runners:
    name: Allocate runners
    if: ${{ github.repository == 'GreptimeTeam/greptimedb' }}
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
    outputs:
      linux-amd64-runner: ${{ steps.start-linux-amd64-runner.outputs.label }}
      linux-arm64-runner: ${{ steps.start-linux-arm64-runner.outputs.label }}
@@ -88,7 +95,6 @@ jobs:
        uses: actions/checkout@v4
        with:
          fetch-depth: 0
-          persist-credentials: false

      - name: Create version
        id: create-version
@@ -141,7 +147,6 @@ jobs:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
        with:
          fetch-depth: 0
-          persist-credentials: false

      - uses: ./.github/actions/build-linux-artifacts
        with:
@@ -163,7 +168,6 @@ jobs:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
        with:
          fetch-depth: 0
-          persist-credentials: false

      - uses: ./.github/actions/build-linux-artifacts
        with:
@@ -182,25 +186,24 @@ jobs:
      build-linux-amd64-artifacts,
      build-linux-arm64-artifacts,
    ]
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
    outputs:
      nightly-build-result: ${{ steps.set-nightly-build-result.outputs.nightly-build-result }}
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
        with:
          fetch-depth: 0
-          persist-credentials: false

      - name: Build and push images to dockerhub
        uses: ./.github/actions/build-images
        with:
          image-registry: docker.io
          image-namespace: ${{ vars.IMAGE_NAMESPACE }}
-          image-name: ${{ vars.NIGHTLY_BUILD_IMAGE_NAME }}
+          image-name: ${{ env.IMAGE_NAME }}
          image-registry-username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
          image-registry-password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
          version: ${{ needs.allocate-runners.outputs.version }}
-          push-latest-tag: false
+          push-latest-tag: true

      - name: Set nightly build result
        id: set-nightly-build-result
@@ -214,7 +217,7 @@ jobs:
      allocate-runners,
      release-images-to-dockerhub,
    ]
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
    # When we push to ACR, it's easy to fail due to some unknown network issues.
    # However, we don't want to fail the whole workflow because of this.
    # The ACR have daily sync with DockerHub, so don't worry about the image not being updated.
@@ -223,14 +226,13 @@ jobs:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
        with:
          fetch-depth: 0
-          persist-credentials: false

      - name: Release artifacts to CN region
        uses: ./.github/actions/release-cn-artifacts
        with:
          src-image-registry: docker.io
          src-image-namespace: ${{ vars.IMAGE_NAMESPACE }}
-          src-image-name: ${{ vars.NIGHTLY_BUILD_IMAGE_NAME }}
+          src-image-name: ${{ env.IMAGE_NAME }}
          dst-image-registry-username: ${{ secrets.ALICLOUD_USERNAME }}
          dst-image-registry-password: ${{ secrets.ALICLOUD_PASSWORD }}
          dst-image-registry: ${{ vars.ACR_IMAGE_REGISTRY }}
@@ -240,16 +242,15 @@ jobs:
          aws-cn-access-key-id: ${{ secrets.AWS_CN_ACCESS_KEY_ID }}
          aws-cn-secret-access-key: ${{ secrets.AWS_CN_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY }}
          aws-cn-region: ${{ vars.AWS_RELEASE_BUCKET_REGION }}
-          upload-to-s3: false
          dev-mode: false
          update-version-info: false  # Don't update version info in S3.
-          push-latest-tag: false
+          push-latest-tag: true

  stop-linux-amd64-runner: # It's always run as the last job in the workflow to make sure that the runner is released.
    name: Stop linux-amd64 runner
    # Only run this job when the runner is allocated.
    if: ${{ always() }}
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
    needs: [
      allocate-runners,
      build-linux-amd64-artifacts,
@@ -259,7 +260,6 @@ jobs:
        uses: actions/checkout@v4
        with:
          fetch-depth: 0
-          persist-credentials: false

      - name: Stop EC2 runner
        uses: ./.github/actions/stop-runner
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ jobs:
    name: Stop linux-arm64 runner
    # Only run this job when the runner is allocated.
    if: ${{ always() }}
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
    needs: [
      allocate-runners,
      build-linux-arm64-artifacts,
@@ -285,7 +285,6 @@ jobs:
        uses: actions/checkout@v4
        with:
          fetch-depth: 0
-          persist-credentials: false

      - name: Stop EC2 runner
        uses: ./.github/actions/stop-runner
@@ -303,15 +302,11 @@ jobs:
    needs: [
      release-images-to-dockerhub
    ]
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    permissions:
-      issues: write
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
    env:
      SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL: ${{ secrets.SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL_DEVELOP_CHANNEL }}
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
      - uses: ./.github/actions/setup-cyborg
      - name: Report CI status
        id: report-ci-status
--- a/.github/workflows/nightly-ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/nightly-ci.yml
@@ -9,17 +9,19 @@ concurrency:
  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.head_ref || github.run_id }}
  cancel-in-progress: true

+permissions:
+  issues: write
+
 jobs:
  sqlness-test:
    name: Run sqlness test
    if: ${{ github.repository == 'GreptimeTeam/greptimedb' }}
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
    steps:
      - name: Checkout
        uses: actions/checkout@v4
        with:
          fetch-depth: 0
-          persist-credentials: false

      - name: Check install.sh
        run: ./.github/scripts/check-install-script.sh
@@ -44,14 +46,9 @@ jobs:
    name: Sqlness tests on Windows
    if: ${{ github.repository == 'GreptimeTeam/greptimedb' }}
    runs-on: windows-2022-8-cores
-    permissions:
-      issues: write
    timeout-minutes: 60
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          fetch-depth: 0
-          persist-credentials: false
      - uses: ./.github/actions/setup-cyborg
      - uses: arduino/setup-protoc@v3
        with:
@@ -79,9 +76,6 @@ jobs:
    steps:
      - run: git config --global core.autocrlf false
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          fetch-depth: 0
-          persist-credentials: false
      - uses: ./.github/actions/setup-cyborg
      - uses: arduino/setup-protoc@v3
        with:
@@ -115,25 +109,20 @@ jobs:
          UNITTEST_LOG_DIR: "__unittest_logs"

  cleanbuild-linux-nix:
-    name: Run clean build on Linux
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    if: ${{ github.repository == 'GreptimeTeam/greptimedb' }}
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest-8-cores
    timeout-minutes: 60
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          fetch-depth: 0
-          persist-credentials: false
      - uses: cachix/install-nix-action@v27
        with:
-          nix_path: nixpkgs=channel:nixos-24.11
-      - run: nix develop --command cargo build
+          nix_path: nixpkgs=channel:nixos-unstable
+      - run: nix-shell --pure --run "cargo build"

  check-status:
    name: Check status
    needs: [sqlness-test, sqlness-windows, test-on-windows]
    if: ${{ github.repository == 'GreptimeTeam/greptimedb' }}
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
    outputs:
      check-result: ${{ steps.set-check-result.outputs.check-result }}
    steps:
@@ -146,14 +135,11 @@ jobs:
    if: ${{ github.repository == 'GreptimeTeam/greptimedb' && always() }} # Not requiring successful dependent jobs, always run.
    name: Send notification to Greptime team
    needs: [check-status]
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
    env:
      SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL: ${{ secrets.SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL_DEVELOP_CHANNEL }}
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          fetch-depth: 0
-          persist-credentials: false
      - uses: ./.github/actions/setup-cyborg
      - name: Report CI status
        id: report-ci-status
--- a/.github/workflows/release-dev-builder-images.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release-dev-builder-images.yaml
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ jobs:
  release-dev-builder-images:
    name: Release dev builder images
    if: ${{ inputs.release_dev_builder_ubuntu_image || inputs.release_dev_builder_centos_image || inputs.release_dev_builder_android_image }} # Only manually trigger this job.
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04-16-cores
    outputs:
      version: ${{ steps.set-version.outputs.version }}
    steps:
@@ -37,7 +37,6 @@ jobs:
        uses: actions/checkout@v4
        with:
          fetch-depth: 0
-          persist-credentials: false

      - name: Configure build image version
        id: set-version
@@ -63,7 +62,7 @@ jobs:

  release-dev-builder-images-ecr:
    name: Release dev builder images to AWS ECR
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
    needs: [
      release-dev-builder-images
    ]
@@ -86,69 +85,51 @@ jobs:
      - name: Push dev-builder-ubuntu image
        shell: bash
        if: ${{ inputs.release_dev_builder_ubuntu_image }}
-        env:
-          IMAGE_VERSION: ${{ needs.release-dev-builder-images.outputs.version }}
-          IMAGE_NAMESPACE: ${{ vars.IMAGE_NAMESPACE }}
-          ECR_IMAGE_REGISTRY: ${{ vars.ECR_IMAGE_REGISTRY }}
-          ECR_IMAGE_NAMESPACE: ${{ vars.ECR_IMAGE_NAMESPACE }}
        run: |
          docker run -v "${DOCKER_CONFIG:-$HOME/.docker}:/root/.docker:ro" \
            -e "REGISTRY_AUTH_FILE=/root/.docker/config.json" \
            quay.io/skopeo/stable:latest \
-            copy -a docker://docker.io/$IMAGE_NAMESPACE/dev-builder-ubuntu:$IMAGE_VERSION \
-            docker://$ECR_IMAGE_REGISTRY/$ECR_IMAGE_NAMESPACE/dev-builder-ubuntu:$IMAGE_VERSION
+            copy -a docker://docker.io/${{ vars.IMAGE_NAMESPACE }}/dev-builder-ubuntu:${{ needs.release-dev-builder-images.outputs.version }} \
+            docker://${{ vars.ECR_IMAGE_REGISTRY }}/${{ vars.ECR_IMAGE_NAMESPACE }}/dev-builder-ubuntu:${{ needs.release-dev-builder-images.outputs.version }}

          docker run -v "${DOCKER_CONFIG:-$HOME/.docker}:/root/.docker:ro" \
            -e "REGISTRY_AUTH_FILE=/root/.docker/config.json" \
            quay.io/skopeo/stable:latest \
-            copy -a docker://docker.io/$IMAGE_NAMESPACE/dev-builder-ubuntu:latest \
-            docker://$ECR_IMAGE_REGISTRY/$ECR_IMAGE_NAMESPACE/dev-builder-ubuntu:latest
-
+            copy -a docker://docker.io/${{ vars.IMAGE_NAMESPACE }}/dev-builder-ubuntu:latest \
+            docker://${{ vars.ECR_IMAGE_REGISTRY }}/${{ vars.ECR_IMAGE_NAMESPACE }}/dev-builder-ubuntu:latest
      - name: Push dev-builder-centos image
        shell: bash
        if: ${{ inputs.release_dev_builder_centos_image }}
-        env:
-          IMAGE_VERSION: ${{ needs.release-dev-builder-images.outputs.version }}
-          IMAGE_NAMESPACE: ${{ vars.IMAGE_NAMESPACE }}
-          ECR_IMAGE_REGISTRY: ${{ vars.ECR_IMAGE_REGISTRY }}
-          ECR_IMAGE_NAMESPACE: ${{ vars.ECR_IMAGE_NAMESPACE }}
        run: |
          docker run -v "${DOCKER_CONFIG:-$HOME/.docker}:/root/.docker:ro" \
            -e "REGISTRY_AUTH_FILE=/root/.docker/config.json" \
            quay.io/skopeo/stable:latest \
-            copy -a docker://docker.io/$IMAGE_NAMESPACE/dev-builder-centos:$IMAGE_VERSION \
-            docker://$ECR_IMAGE_REGISTRY/$ECR_IMAGE_NAMESPACE/dev-builder-centos:$IMAGE_VERSION
+            copy -a docker://docker.io/${{ vars.IMAGE_NAMESPACE }}/dev-builder-centos:${{ needs.release-dev-builder-images.outputs.version }} \
+            docker://${{ vars.ECR_IMAGE_REGISTRY }}/${{ vars.ECR_IMAGE_NAMESPACE }}/dev-builder-centos:${{ needs.release-dev-builder-images.outputs.version }}

          docker run -v "${DOCKER_CONFIG:-$HOME/.docker}:/root/.docker:ro" \
            -e "REGISTRY_AUTH_FILE=/root/.docker/config.json" \
            quay.io/skopeo/stable:latest \
-            copy -a docker://docker.io/$IMAGE_NAMESPACE/dev-builder-centos:latest \
-            docker://$ECR_IMAGE_REGISTRY/$ECR_IMAGE_NAMESPACE/dev-builder-centos:latest
-
+            copy -a docker://docker.io/${{ vars.IMAGE_NAMESPACE }}/dev-builder-centos:latest \
+            docker://${{ vars.ECR_IMAGE_REGISTRY }}/${{ vars.ECR_IMAGE_NAMESPACE }}/dev-builder-centos:latest
      - name: Push dev-builder-android image
        shell: bash
        if: ${{ inputs.release_dev_builder_android_image }}
-        env:
-          IMAGE_VERSION: ${{ needs.release-dev-builder-images.outputs.version }}
-          IMAGE_NAMESPACE: ${{ vars.IMAGE_NAMESPACE }}
-          ECR_IMAGE_REGISTRY: ${{ vars.ECR_IMAGE_REGISTRY }}
-          ECR_IMAGE_NAMESPACE: ${{ vars.ECR_IMAGE_NAMESPACE }}
        run: |
          docker run -v "${DOCKER_CONFIG:-$HOME/.docker}:/root/.docker:ro" \
            -e "REGISTRY_AUTH_FILE=/root/.docker/config.json" \
            quay.io/skopeo/stable:latest \
-            copy -a docker://docker.io/$IMAGE_NAMESPACE/dev-builder-android:$IMAGE_VERSION \
-            docker://$ECR_IMAGE_REGISTRY/$ECR_IMAGE_NAMESPACE/dev-builder-android:$IMAGE_VERSION
+            copy -a docker://docker.io/${{ vars.IMAGE_NAMESPACE }}/dev-builder-android:${{ needs.release-dev-builder-images.outputs.version }} \
+            docker://${{ vars.ECR_IMAGE_REGISTRY }}/${{ vars.ECR_IMAGE_NAMESPACE }}/dev-builder-android:${{ needs.release-dev-builder-images.outputs.version }}

          docker run -v "${DOCKER_CONFIG:-$HOME/.docker}:/root/.docker:ro" \
            -e "REGISTRY_AUTH_FILE=/root/.docker/config.json" \
            quay.io/skopeo/stable:latest \
-            copy -a docker://docker.io/$IMAGE_NAMESPACE/dev-builder-android:latest \
-            docker://$ECR_IMAGE_REGISTRY/$ECR_IMAGE_NAMESPACE/dev-builder-android:latest
-
+            copy -a docker://docker.io/${{ vars.IMAGE_NAMESPACE }}/dev-builder-android:latest \
+            docker://${{ vars.ECR_IMAGE_REGISTRY }}/${{ vars.ECR_IMAGE_NAMESPACE }}/dev-builder-android:latest
  release-dev-builder-images-cn: # Note: Be careful issue: https://github.com/containers/skopeo/issues/1874 and we decide to use the latest stable skopeo container.
    name: Release dev builder images to CN region
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
    needs: [
      release-dev-builder-images
    ]
@@ -163,41 +144,29 @@ jobs:
      - name: Push dev-builder-ubuntu image
        shell: bash
        if: ${{ inputs.release_dev_builder_ubuntu_image }}
-        env:
-          IMAGE_VERSION: ${{ needs.release-dev-builder-images.outputs.version }}
-          IMAGE_NAMESPACE: ${{ vars.IMAGE_NAMESPACE }}
-          ACR_IMAGE_REGISTRY: ${{ vars.ACR_IMAGE_REGISTRY }}
        run: |
          docker run -v "${DOCKER_CONFIG:-$HOME/.docker}:/root/.docker:ro" \
            -e "REGISTRY_AUTH_FILE=/root/.docker/config.json" \
            quay.io/skopeo/stable:latest \
-            copy -a docker://docker.io/$IMAGE_NAMESPACE/dev-builder-ubuntu:$IMAGE_VERSION \
-            docker://$ACR_IMAGE_REGISTRY/$IMAGE_NAMESPACE/dev-builder-ubuntu:$IMAGE_VERSION
+            copy -a docker://docker.io/${{ vars.IMAGE_NAMESPACE }}/dev-builder-ubuntu:${{ needs.release-dev-builder-images.outputs.version }} \
+            docker://${{ vars.ACR_IMAGE_REGISTRY }}/${{ vars.IMAGE_NAMESPACE }}/dev-builder-ubuntu:${{ needs.release-dev-builder-images.outputs.version }}

      - name: Push dev-builder-centos image
        shell: bash
        if: ${{ inputs.release_dev_builder_centos_image }}
-        env:
-          IMAGE_VERSION: ${{ needs.release-dev-builder-images.outputs.version }}
-          IMAGE_NAMESPACE: ${{ vars.IMAGE_NAMESPACE }}
-          ACR_IMAGE_REGISTRY: ${{ vars.ACR_IMAGE_REGISTRY }}
        run: |
          docker run -v "${DOCKER_CONFIG:-$HOME/.docker}:/root/.docker:ro" \
            -e "REGISTRY_AUTH_FILE=/root/.docker/config.json" \
            quay.io/skopeo/stable:latest \
-            copy -a docker://docker.io/$IMAGE_NAMESPACE/dev-builder-centos:$IMAGE_VERSION \
-            docker://$ACR_IMAGE_REGISTRY/$IMAGE_NAMESPACE/dev-builder-centos:$IMAGE_VERSION
+            copy -a docker://docker.io/${{ vars.IMAGE_NAMESPACE }}/dev-builder-centos:${{ needs.release-dev-builder-images.outputs.version }} \
+            docker://${{ vars.ACR_IMAGE_REGISTRY }}/${{ vars.IMAGE_NAMESPACE }}/dev-builder-centos:${{ needs.release-dev-builder-images.outputs.version }}

      - name: Push dev-builder-android image
        shell: bash
        if: ${{ inputs.release_dev_builder_android_image }}
-        env:
-          IMAGE_VERSION: ${{ needs.release-dev-builder-images.outputs.version }}
-          IMAGE_NAMESPACE: ${{ vars.IMAGE_NAMESPACE }}
-          ACR_IMAGE_REGISTRY: ${{ vars.ACR_IMAGE_REGISTRY }}
        run: |
          docker run -v "${DOCKER_CONFIG:-$HOME/.docker}:/root/.docker:ro" \
            -e "REGISTRY_AUTH_FILE=/root/.docker/config.json" \
            quay.io/skopeo/stable:latest \
-            copy -a docker://docker.io/$IMAGE_NAMESPACE/dev-builder-android:$IMAGE_VERSION \
-            docker://$ACR_IMAGE_REGISTRY/$IMAGE_NAMESPACE/dev-builder-android:$IMAGE_VERSION
+            copy -a docker://docker.io/${{ vars.IMAGE_NAMESPACE }}/dev-builder-android:${{ needs.release-dev-builder-images.outputs.version }} \
+            docker://${{ vars.ACR_IMAGE_REGISTRY }}/${{ vars.IMAGE_NAMESPACE }}/dev-builder-android:${{ needs.release-dev-builder-images.outputs.version }}
--- a/.github/workflows/release.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release.yml
@@ -18,11 +18,11 @@ on:
        description: The runner uses to build linux-amd64 artifacts
        default: ec2-c6i.4xlarge-amd64
        options:
-          - ubuntu-22.04
-          - ubuntu-22.04-8-cores
-          - ubuntu-22.04-16-cores
-          - ubuntu-22.04-32-cores
-          - ubuntu-22.04-64-cores
+          - ubuntu-20.04
+          - ubuntu-20.04-8-cores
+          - ubuntu-20.04-16-cores
+          - ubuntu-20.04-32-cores
+          - ubuntu-20.04-64-cores
          - ec2-c6i.xlarge-amd64 # 4C8G
          - ec2-c6i.2xlarge-amd64 # 8C16G
          - ec2-c6i.4xlarge-amd64 # 16C32G
@@ -91,13 +91,18 @@ env:
  # The scheduled version is '${{ env.NEXT_RELEASE_VERSION }}-nightly-YYYYMMDD', like v0.2.0-nigthly-20230313;
  NIGHTLY_RELEASE_PREFIX: nightly
  # Note: The NEXT_RELEASE_VERSION should be modified manually by every formal release.
-  NEXT_RELEASE_VERSION: v0.13.0
+  NEXT_RELEASE_VERSION: v0.12.0
+
+# Permission reference: https://docs.github.com/en/actions/using-jobs/assigning-permissions-to-jobs
+permissions:
+  issues: write # Allows the action to create issues for cyborg.
+  contents: write # Allows the action to create a release.

 jobs:
  allocate-runners:
    name: Allocate runners
    if: ${{ github.repository == 'GreptimeTeam/greptimedb' }}
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
    outputs:
      linux-amd64-runner: ${{ steps.start-linux-amd64-runner.outputs.label }}
      linux-arm64-runner: ${{ steps.start-linux-arm64-runner.outputs.label }}
@@ -117,7 +122,6 @@ jobs:
        uses: actions/checkout@v4
        with:
          fetch-depth: 0
-          persist-credentials: false

      - name: Check Rust toolchain version
        shell: bash
@@ -177,7 +181,6 @@ jobs:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
        with:
          fetch-depth: 0
-          persist-credentials: false

      - uses: ./.github/actions/build-linux-artifacts
        with:
@@ -199,7 +202,6 @@ jobs:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
        with:
          fetch-depth: 0
-          persist-credentials: false

      - uses: ./.github/actions/build-linux-artifacts
        with:
@@ -235,7 +237,6 @@ jobs:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
        with:
          fetch-depth: 0
-          persist-credentials: false

      - uses: ./.github/actions/build-macos-artifacts
        with:
@@ -275,7 +276,6 @@ jobs:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
        with:
          fetch-depth: 0
-          persist-credentials: false

      - uses: ./.github/actions/build-windows-artifacts
        with:
@@ -299,25 +299,22 @@ jobs:
      build-linux-amd64-artifacts,
      build-linux-arm64-artifacts,
    ]
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-2004-16-cores
    outputs:
      build-image-result: ${{ steps.set-build-image-result.outputs.build-image-result }}
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
        with:
          fetch-depth: 0
-          persist-credentials: false

      - name: Build and push images to dockerhub
        uses: ./.github/actions/build-images
        with:
          image-registry: docker.io
          image-namespace: ${{ vars.IMAGE_NAMESPACE }}
-          image-name: ${{ vars.GREPTIMEDB_IMAGE_NAME }}
          image-registry-username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
          image-registry-password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
          version: ${{ needs.allocate-runners.outputs.version }}
-          push-latest-tag: true

      - name: Set build image result
        id: set-build-image-result
@@ -335,7 +332,7 @@ jobs:
      build-windows-artifacts,
      release-images-to-dockerhub,
    ]
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
    # When we push to ACR, it's easy to fail due to some unknown network issues.
    # However, we don't want to fail the whole workflow because of this.
    # The ACR have daily sync with DockerHub, so don't worry about the image not being updated.
@@ -344,14 +341,13 @@ jobs:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
        with:
          fetch-depth: 0
-          persist-credentials: false

      - name: Release artifacts to CN region
        uses: ./.github/actions/release-cn-artifacts
        with:
          src-image-registry: docker.io
          src-image-namespace: ${{ vars.IMAGE_NAMESPACE }}
-          src-image-name: ${{ vars.GREPTIMEDB_IMAGE_NAME }}
+          src-image-name: greptimedb
          dst-image-registry-username: ${{ secrets.ALICLOUD_USERNAME }}
          dst-image-registry-password: ${{ secrets.ALICLOUD_PASSWORD }}
          dst-image-registry: ${{ vars.ACR_IMAGE_REGISTRY }}
@@ -362,7 +358,6 @@ jobs:
          aws-cn-secret-access-key: ${{ secrets.AWS_CN_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY }}
          aws-cn-region: ${{ vars.AWS_RELEASE_BUCKET_REGION }}
          dev-mode: false
-          upload-to-s3: true
          update-version-info: true
          push-latest-tag: true

@@ -377,12 +372,11 @@ jobs:
      build-windows-artifacts,
      release-images-to-dockerhub,
    ]
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
        with:
          fetch-depth: 0
-          persist-credentials: false

      - name: Publish GitHub release
        uses: ./.github/actions/publish-github-release
@@ -396,7 +390,7 @@ jobs:
    name: Stop linux-amd64 runner
    # Only run this job when the runner is allocated.
    if: ${{ always() }}
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
    needs: [
      allocate-runners,
      build-linux-amd64-artifacts,
@@ -406,7 +400,6 @@ jobs:
        uses: actions/checkout@v4
        with:
          fetch-depth: 0
-          persist-credentials: false

      - name: Stop EC2 runner
        uses: ./.github/actions/stop-runner
@@ -422,7 +415,7 @@ jobs:
    name: Stop linux-arm64 runner
    # Only run this job when the runner is allocated.
    if: ${{ always() }}
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
    needs: [
      allocate-runners,
      build-linux-arm64-artifacts,
@@ -432,7 +425,6 @@ jobs:
        uses: actions/checkout@v4
        with:
          fetch-depth: 0
-          persist-credentials: false

      - name: Stop EC2 runner
        uses: ./.github/actions/stop-runner
@@ -444,29 +436,6 @@ jobs:
          aws-region: ${{ vars.EC2_RUNNER_REGION }}
          github-token: ${{ secrets.GH_PERSONAL_ACCESS_TOKEN }}

-  bump-doc-version:
-    name: Bump doc version
-    if: ${{ github.event_name == 'push' || github.event_name == 'schedule' }}
-    needs: [allocate-runners]
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    # Permission reference: https://docs.github.com/en/actions/using-jobs/assigning-permissions-to-jobs
-    permissions:
-      issues: write # Allows the action to create issues for cyborg.
-      contents: write # Allows the action to create a release.
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          fetch-depth: 0
-          persist-credentials: false
-      - uses: ./.github/actions/setup-cyborg
-      - name: Bump doc version
-        working-directory: cyborg
-        run: pnpm tsx bin/bump-doc-version.ts
-        env:
-          VERSION: ${{ needs.allocate-runners.outputs.version }}
-          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-          DOCS_REPO_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.DOCS_REPO_TOKEN }}
-
  notification:
    if: ${{ github.repository == 'GreptimeTeam/greptimedb' && (github.event_name == 'push' || github.event_name == 'schedule') && always() }}
    name: Send notification to Greptime team
@@ -475,18 +444,11 @@ jobs:
      build-macos-artifacts,
      build-windows-artifacts,
    ]
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    # Permission reference: https://docs.github.com/en/actions/using-jobs/assigning-permissions-to-jobs
-    permissions:
-      issues: write # Allows the action to create issues for cyborg.
-      contents: write # Allows the action to create a release.
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
    env:
      SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL: ${{ secrets.SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL_DEVELOP_CHANNEL }}
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          fetch-depth: 0
-          persist-credentials: false
      - uses: ./.github/actions/setup-cyborg
      - name: Report CI status
        id: report-ci-status
--- a/.github/workflows/schedule.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/schedule.yml
@@ -4,20 +4,18 @@ on:
    - cron: '4 2 * * *'
  workflow_dispatch:

+permissions:
+  contents: read
+  issues: write
+  pull-requests: write

 jobs:
  maintenance:
    name: Periodic Maintenance
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    permissions:
-      contents: read
-      issues: write
-      pull-requests: write
    if: ${{ github.repository == 'GreptimeTeam/greptimedb' }}
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
      - uses: ./.github/actions/setup-cyborg
      - name: Do Maintenance
        working-directory: cyborg
--- a/.github/workflows/semantic-pull-request.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/semantic-pull-request.yml
@@ -1,24 +1,18 @@
 name: "Semantic Pull Request"

 on:
-  pull_request:
+  pull_request_target:
    types:
      - opened
      - reopened
      - edited

-concurrency:
-  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.head_ref || github.run_id }}
-  cancel-in-progress: true
-
 jobs:
  check:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
    timeout-minutes: 10
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
      - uses: ./.github/actions/setup-cyborg
      - name: Check Pull Request
        working-directory: cyborg
--- a/AUTHOR.md
+++ b/AUTHOR.md
@@ -3,28 +3,30 @@
 ## Individual Committers (in alphabetical order)

 * [CookiePieWw](https://github.com/CookiePieWw)
+* [KKould](https://github.com/KKould)
+* [NiwakaDev](https://github.com/NiwakaDev)
 * [etolbakov](https://github.com/etolbakov)
 * [irenjj](https://github.com/irenjj)
-* [KKould](https://github.com/KKould)
-* [Lanqing Yang](https://github.com/lyang24)
-* [NiwakaDev](https://github.com/NiwakaDev)
 * [tisonkun](https://github.com/tisonkun)
-
+* [Lanqing Yang](https://github.com/lyang24)

 ## Team Members (in alphabetical order)

+* [Breeze-P](https://github.com/Breeze-P)
+* [GrepTime](https://github.com/GrepTime)
+* [MichaelScofield](https://github.com/MichaelScofield)
+* [Wenjie0329](https://github.com/Wenjie0329)
+* [WenyXu](https://github.com/WenyXu)
+* [ZonaHex](https://github.com/ZonaHex)
 * [apdong2022](https://github.com/apdong2022)
 * [beryl678](https://github.com/beryl678)
-* [Breeze-P](https://github.com/Breeze-P)
 * [daviderli614](https://github.com/daviderli614)
 * [discord9](https://github.com/discord9)
 * [evenyag](https://github.com/evenyag)
 * [fengjiachun](https://github.com/fengjiachun)
 * [fengys1996](https://github.com/fengys1996)
-* [GrepTime](https://github.com/GrepTime)
 * [holalengyu](https://github.com/holalengyu)
 * [killme2008](https://github.com/killme2008)
-* [MichaelScofield](https://github.com/MichaelScofield)
 * [nicecui](https://github.com/nicecui)
 * [paomian](https://github.com/paomian)
 * [shuiyisong](https://github.com/shuiyisong)
@@ -32,14 +34,11 @@
 * [sunng87](https://github.com/sunng87)
 * [v0y4g3r](https://github.com/v0y4g3r)
 * [waynexia](https://github.com/waynexia)
-* [Wenjie0329](https://github.com/Wenjie0329)
-* [WenyXu](https://github.com/WenyXu)
 * [xtang](https://github.com/xtang)
 * [zhaoyingnan01](https://github.com/zhaoyingnan01)
 * [zhongzc](https://github.com/zhongzc)
-* [ZonaHex](https://github.com/ZonaHex)
 * [zyy17](https://github.com/zyy17)

 ## All Contributors

-To see the full list of contributors, please visit our [Contributors page](https://github.com/GreptimeTeam/greptimedb/graphs/contributors)
+[![All Contributors](https://contrib.rocks/image?repo=GreptimeTeam/greptimedb)](https://github.com/GreptimeTeam/greptimedb/graphs/contributors)
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ members = [
    "src/promql",
    "src/puffin",
    "src/query",
+    "src/script",
    "src/servers",
    "src/session",
    "src/sql",
@@ -67,7 +68,7 @@ members = [
 resolver = "2"

 [workspace.package]
-version = "0.13.0"
+version = "0.12.0"
 edition = "2021"
 license = "Apache-2.0"

@@ -78,10 +79,11 @@ clippy.dbg_macro = "warn"
 clippy.implicit_clone = "warn"
 clippy.readonly_write_lock = "allow"
 rust.unknown_lints = "deny"
+# Remove this after https://github.com/PyO3/pyo3/issues/4094
+rust.non_local_definitions = "allow"
 rust.unexpected_cfgs = { level = "warn", check-cfg = ['cfg(tokio_unstable)'] }

 [workspace.dependencies]
-# DO_NOT_REMOVE_THIS: BEGIN_OF_EXTERNAL_DEPENDENCIES
 # We turn off default-features for some dependencies here so the workspaces which inherit them can
 # selectively turn them on if needed, since we can override default-features = true (from false)
 # for the inherited dependency but cannot do the reverse (override from true to false).
@@ -89,67 +91,55 @@ rust.unexpected_cfgs = { level = "warn", check-cfg = ['cfg(tokio_unstable)'] }
 # See for more detaiils: https://github.com/rust-lang/cargo/issues/11329
 ahash = { version = "0.8", features = ["compile-time-rng"] }
 aquamarine = "0.3"
-arrow = { version = "53.0.0", features = ["prettyprint"] }
-arrow-array = { version = "53.0.0", default-features = false, features = ["chrono-tz"] }
-arrow-flight = "53.0"
-arrow-ipc = { version = "53.0.0", default-features = false, features = ["lz4", "zstd"] }
-arrow-schema = { version = "53.0", features = ["serde"] }
+arrow = { version = "51.0.0", features = ["prettyprint"] }
+arrow-array = { version = "51.0.0", default-features = false, features = ["chrono-tz"] }
+arrow-flight = "51.0"
+arrow-ipc = { version = "51.0.0", default-features = false, features = ["lz4", "zstd"] }
+arrow-schema = { version = "51.0", features = ["serde"] }
 async-stream = "0.3"
 async-trait = "0.1"
-# Remember to update axum-extra, axum-macros when updating axum
-axum = "0.8"
-axum-extra = "0.10"
-axum-macros = "0.4"
-backon = "1"
+axum = { version = "0.6", features = ["headers"] }
 base64 = "0.21"
 bigdecimal = "0.4.2"
 bitflags = "2.4.1"
 bytemuck = "1.12"
 bytes = { version = "1.7", features = ["serde"] }
 chrono = { version = "0.4", features = ["serde"] }
-chrono-tz = "0.10.1"
 clap = { version = "4.4", features = ["derive"] }
 config = "0.13.0"
 crossbeam-utils = "0.8"
 dashmap = "5.4"
-datafusion = { git = "https://github.com/apache/datafusion.git", rev = "2464703c84c400a09cc59277018813f0e797bb4e" }
-datafusion-common = { git = "https://github.com/apache/datafusion.git", rev = "2464703c84c400a09cc59277018813f0e797bb4e" }
-datafusion-expr = { git = "https://github.com/apache/datafusion.git", rev = "2464703c84c400a09cc59277018813f0e797bb4e" }
-datafusion-functions = { git = "https://github.com/apache/datafusion.git", rev = "2464703c84c400a09cc59277018813f0e797bb4e" }
-datafusion-optimizer = { git = "https://github.com/apache/datafusion.git", rev = "2464703c84c400a09cc59277018813f0e797bb4e" }
-datafusion-physical-expr = { git = "https://github.com/apache/datafusion.git", rev = "2464703c84c400a09cc59277018813f0e797bb4e" }
-datafusion-physical-plan = { git = "https://github.com/apache/datafusion.git", rev = "2464703c84c400a09cc59277018813f0e797bb4e" }
-datafusion-sql = { git = "https://github.com/apache/datafusion.git", rev = "2464703c84c400a09cc59277018813f0e797bb4e" }
-datafusion-substrait = { git = "https://github.com/apache/datafusion.git", rev = "2464703c84c400a09cc59277018813f0e797bb4e" }
-deadpool = "0.10"
-deadpool-postgres = "0.12"
+datafusion = { git = "https://github.com/waynexia/arrow-datafusion.git", rev = "7823ef2f63663907edab46af0d51359900f608d6" }
+datafusion-common = { git = "https://github.com/waynexia/arrow-datafusion.git", rev = "7823ef2f63663907edab46af0d51359900f608d6" }
+datafusion-expr = { git = "https://github.com/waynexia/arrow-datafusion.git", rev = "7823ef2f63663907edab46af0d51359900f608d6" }
+datafusion-functions = { git = "https://github.com/waynexia/arrow-datafusion.git", rev = "7823ef2f63663907edab46af0d51359900f608d6" }
+datafusion-optimizer = { git = "https://github.com/waynexia/arrow-datafusion.git", rev = "7823ef2f63663907edab46af0d51359900f608d6" }
+datafusion-physical-expr = { git = "https://github.com/waynexia/arrow-datafusion.git", rev = "7823ef2f63663907edab46af0d51359900f608d6" }
+datafusion-physical-plan = { git = "https://github.com/waynexia/arrow-datafusion.git", rev = "7823ef2f63663907edab46af0d51359900f608d6" }
+datafusion-sql = { git = "https://github.com/waynexia/arrow-datafusion.git", rev = "7823ef2f63663907edab46af0d51359900f608d6" }
+datafusion-substrait = { git = "https://github.com/waynexia/arrow-datafusion.git", rev = "7823ef2f63663907edab46af0d51359900f608d6" }
 derive_builder = "0.12"
 dotenv = "0.15"
-etcd-client = "0.14"
-flate2 = { version = "1.1.0", default-features = false, features = ["zlib-rs"] }
+etcd-client = "0.13"
 fst = "0.4.7"
 futures = "0.3"
 futures-util = "0.3"
-greptime-proto = { git = "https://github.com/GreptimeTeam/greptime-proto.git", rev = "c5419bbd20cb42e568ec325a4d71a3c94cc327e1" }
+greptime-proto = { git = "https://github.com/GreptimeTeam/greptime-proto.git", rev = "a875e976441188028353f7274a46a7e6e065c5d4" }
 hex = "0.4"
-http = "1"
+http = "0.2"
 humantime = "2.1"
 humantime-serde = "1.1"
-hyper = "1.1"
-hyper-util = "0.1"
 itertools = "0.10"
 jsonb = { git = "https://github.com/databendlabs/jsonb.git", rev = "8c8d2fc294a39f3ff08909d60f718639cfba3875", default-features = false }
 lazy_static = "1.4"
-local-ip-address = "0.6"
-loki-proto = { git = "https://github.com/GreptimeTeam/loki-proto.git", rev = "1434ecf23a2654025d86188fb5205e7a74b225d3" }
-meter-core = { git = "https://github.com/GreptimeTeam/greptime-meter.git", rev = "5618e779cf2bb4755b499c630fba4c35e91898cb" }
+meter-core = { git = "https://github.com/GreptimeTeam/greptime-meter.git", rev = "a10facb353b41460eeb98578868ebf19c2084fac" }
 mockall = "0.11.4"
 moka = "0.12"
 nalgebra = "0.33"
 notify = "6.1"
 num_cpus = "1.16"
 once_cell = "1.18"
-opentelemetry-proto = { version = "0.27", features = [
+opentelemetry-proto = { version = "0.5", features = [
    "gen-tonic",
    "metrics",
    "trace",
@@ -157,12 +147,12 @@ opentelemetry-proto = { version = "0.27", features = [
    "logs",
 ] }
 parking_lot = "0.12"
-parquet = { version = "53.0.0", default-features = false, features = ["arrow", "async", "object_store"] }
+parquet = { version = "51.0.0", default-features = false, features = ["arrow", "async", "object_store"] }
 paste = "1.0"
 pin-project = "1.0"
 prometheus = { version = "0.13.3", features = ["process"] }
-promql-parser = { version = "0.5", features = ["ser"] }
-prost = "0.13"
+promql-parser = { version = "0.4.3", features = ["ser"] }
+prost = "0.12"
 raft-engine = { version = "0.4.1", default-features = false }
 rand = "0.8"
 ratelimit = "0.9"
@@ -181,40 +171,33 @@ rstest = "0.21"
 rstest_reuse = "0.7"
 rust_decimal = "1.33"
 rustc-hash = "2.0"
-rustls = { version = "0.23.20", default-features = false } # override by patch, see [patch.crates-io]
 serde = { version = "1.0", features = ["derive"] }
 serde_json = { version = "1.0", features = ["float_roundtrip"] }
 serde_with = "3"
-shadow-rs = "0.38"
+shadow-rs = "0.35"
 similar-asserts = "1.6.0"
 smallvec = { version = "1", features = ["serde"] }
 snafu = "0.8"
-sqlx = { version = "0.8", features = [
-    "runtime-tokio-rustls",
-    "mysql",
-] }
 sysinfo = "0.30"
-# on branch v0.52.x
-sqlparser = { git = "https://github.com/GreptimeTeam/sqlparser-rs.git", rev = "71dd86058d2af97b9925093d40c4e03360403170", features = [
+# on branch v0.44.x
+sqlparser = { git = "https://github.com/GreptimeTeam/sqlparser-rs.git", rev = "54a267ac89c09b11c0c88934690530807185d3e7", features = [
    "visitor",
    "serde",
-] } # on branch v0.44.x
+] }
 strum = { version = "0.25", features = ["derive"] }
 tempfile = "3"
 tokio = { version = "1.40", features = ["full"] }
 tokio-postgres = "0.7"
-tokio-rustls = { version = "0.26.0", default-features = false } # override by patch, see [patch.crates-io]
 tokio-stream = "0.1"
 tokio-util = { version = "0.7", features = ["io-util", "compat"] }
 toml = "0.8.8"
-tonic = { version = "0.12", features = ["tls", "gzip", "zstd"] }
-tower = "0.5"
+tonic = { version = "0.11", features = ["tls", "gzip", "zstd"] }
+tower = "0.4"
 tracing-appender = "0.2"
 tracing-subscriber = { version = "0.3", features = ["env-filter", "json", "fmt"] }
 typetag = "0.2"
 uuid = { version = "1.7", features = ["serde", "v4", "fast-rng"] }
 zstd = "0.13"
-# DO_NOT_REMOVE_THIS: END_OF_EXTERNAL_DEPENDENCIES

 ## workspaces members
 api = { path = "src/api" }
@@ -271,6 +254,7 @@ plugins = { path = "src/plugins" }
 promql = { path = "src/promql" }
 puffin = { path = "src/puffin" }
 query = { path = "src/query" }
+script = { path = "src/script" }
 servers = { path = "src/servers" }
 session = { path = "src/session" }
 sql = { path = "src/sql" }
@@ -280,16 +264,18 @@ table = { path = "src/table" }

 [patch.crates-io]
 # change all rustls dependencies to use our fork to default to `ring` to make it "just work"
-hyper-rustls = { git = "https://github.com/GreptimeTeam/hyper-rustls", rev = "a951e03" } # version = "0.27.5" with ring patch
-rustls = { git = "https://github.com/GreptimeTeam/rustls", rev = "34fd0c6" }             # version = "0.23.20" with ring patch
-tokio-rustls = { git = "https://github.com/GreptimeTeam/tokio-rustls", rev = "4604ca6" } # version = "0.26.0" with ring patch
+hyper-rustls = { git = "https://github.com/GreptimeTeam/hyper-rustls" }
+rustls = { git = "https://github.com/GreptimeTeam/rustls" }
+tokio-rustls = { git = "https://github.com/GreptimeTeam/tokio-rustls" }
 # This is commented, since we are not using aws-lc-sys, if we need to use it, we need to uncomment this line or use a release after this commit, or it wouldn't compile with gcc < 8.1
 # see https://github.com/aws/aws-lc-rs/pull/526
 # aws-lc-sys = { git ="https://github.com/aws/aws-lc-rs", rev = "556558441e3494af4b156ae95ebc07ebc2fd38aa" }
+# Apply a fix for pprof for unaligned pointer access
+pprof = { git = "https://github.com/GreptimeTeam/pprof-rs", rev = "1bd1e21" }

 [workspace.dependencies.meter-macros]
 git = "https://github.com/GreptimeTeam/greptime-meter.git"
-rev = "5618e779cf2bb4755b499c630fba4c35e91898cb"
+rev = "a10facb353b41460eeb98578868ebf19c2084fac"

 [profile.release]
 debug = 1
--- a/Cross.toml
+++ b/Cross.toml
@@ -1,6 +1,3 @@
-[target.aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu]
-image = "ghcr.io/cross-rs/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu:0.2.5"
-
 [build]
 pre-build = [
    "dpkg --add-architecture $CROSS_DEB_ARCH",
@@ -8,8 +5,3 @@ pre-build = [
    "curl -LO https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/releases/download/v3.15.8/protoc-3.15.8-linux-x86_64.zip && unzip protoc-3.15.8-linux-x86_64.zip -d /usr/",
    "chmod a+x /usr/bin/protoc && chmod -R a+rx /usr/include/google",
 ]
-
-[build.env]
-passthrough = [
-    "JEMALLOC_SYS_WITH_LG_PAGE",
-]
--- a/9
+++ b/9
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ CARGO_BUILD_OPTS := --locked
 IMAGE_REGISTRY ?= docker.io
 IMAGE_NAMESPACE ?= greptime
 IMAGE_TAG ?= latest
-DEV_BUILDER_IMAGE_TAG ?= 2024-12-25-a71b93dd-20250305072908
+DEV_BUILDER_IMAGE_TAG ?= 2024-10-19-a5c00e85-20241024184445
 BUILDX_MULTI_PLATFORM_BUILD ?= false
 BUILDX_BUILDER_NAME ?= gtbuilder
 BASE_IMAGE ?= ubuntu
@@ -60,8 +60,6 @@ ifeq ($(BUILDX_MULTI_PLATFORM_BUILD), all)
 	BUILDX_MULTI_PLATFORM_BUILD_OPTS := --platform linux/amd64,linux/arm64 --push
 else ifeq ($(BUILDX_MULTI_PLATFORM_BUILD), amd64)
 	BUILDX_MULTI_PLATFORM_BUILD_OPTS := --platform linux/amd64 --push
-else ifeq ($(BUILDX_MULTI_PLATFORM_BUILD), arm64)
-	BUILDX_MULTI_PLATFORM_BUILD_OPTS := --platform linux/arm64 --push
 else
 	BUILDX_MULTI_PLATFORM_BUILD_OPTS := -o type=docker
 endif
@@ -167,14 +165,15 @@ nextest: ## Install nextest tools.
 sqlness-test: ## Run sqlness test.
 	cargo sqlness ${SQLNESS_OPTS}

+# Run fuzz test ${FUZZ_TARGET}.
 RUNS ?= 1
 FUZZ_TARGET ?= fuzz_alter_table
 .PHONY: fuzz
-fuzz: ## Run fuzz test ${FUZZ_TARGET}.
+fuzz:
 	cargo fuzz run ${FUZZ_TARGET} --fuzz-dir tests-fuzz -D -s none -- -runs=${RUNS}

 .PHONY: fuzz-ls
-fuzz-ls: ## List all fuzz targets.
+fuzz-ls:
 	cargo fuzz list --fuzz-dir tests-fuzz

 .PHONY: check
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
  <a href="https://greptime.com/product/cloud">GreptimeCloud</a> |
  <a href="https://docs.greptime.com/">User Guide</a> |
  <a href="https://greptimedb.rs/">API Docs</a> |
-  <a href="https://github.com/GreptimeTeam/greptimedb/issues/5446">Roadmap 2025</a>
+  <a href="https://github.com/GreptimeTeam/greptimedb/issues/3412">Roadmap 2024</a>
 </h4>

 <a href="https://github.com/GreptimeTeam/greptimedb/releases/latest">
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ docker run -p 127.0.0.1:4000-4003:4000-4003 \
  --name greptime --rm \
  greptime/greptimedb:latest standalone start \
  --http-addr 0.0.0.0:4000 \
-  --rpc-bind-addr 0.0.0.0:4001 \
+  --rpc-addr 0.0.0.0:4001 \
  --mysql-addr 0.0.0.0:4002 \
  --postgres-addr 0.0.0.0:4003
 ```
@@ -138,8 +138,7 @@ Check the prerequisite:

 * [Rust toolchain](https://www.rust-lang.org/tools/install) (nightly)
 * [Protobuf compiler](https://grpc.io/docs/protoc-installation/) (>= 3.15)
-* C/C++ building essentials, including `gcc`/`g++`/`autoconf` and glibc library (eg. `libc6-dev` on Ubuntu and `glibc-devel` on Fedora)
-* Python toolchain (optional): Required only if using some test scripts.
+* Python toolchain (optional): Required only if built with PyO3 backend. More details for compiling with PyO3 can be found in its [documentation](https://pyo3.rs/v0.18.1/building_and_distribution#configuring-the-python-version).

 Build GreptimeDB binary:

@@ -229,3 +228,4 @@ Special thanks to all the contributors who have propelled GreptimeDB forward. Fo
 - GreptimeDB's query engine is powered by [Apache Arrow DataFusion™](https://arrow.apache.org/datafusion/).
 - [Apache OpenDAL™](https://opendal.apache.org) gives GreptimeDB a very general and elegant data access abstraction layer.
 - GreptimeDB's meta service is based on [etcd](https://etcd.io/).
+- GreptimeDB uses [RustPython](https://github.com/RustPython/RustPython) for experimental embedded python scripting.
--- a/config/config.md
+++ b/config/config.md
@@ -26,10 +26,8 @@
 | `http.addr` | String | `127.0.0.1:4000` | The address to bind the HTTP server. |
 | `http.timeout` | String | `30s` | HTTP request timeout. Set to 0 to disable timeout. |
 | `http.body_limit` | String | `64MB` | HTTP request body limit.<br/>The following units are supported: `B`, `KB`, `KiB`, `MB`, `MiB`, `GB`, `GiB`, `TB`, `TiB`, `PB`, `PiB`.<br/>Set to 0 to disable limit. |
-| `http.enable_cors` | Bool | `true` | HTTP CORS support, it's turned on by default<br/>This allows browser to access http APIs without CORS restrictions |
-| `http.cors_allowed_origins` | Array | Unset | Customize allowed origins for HTTP CORS. |
 | `grpc` | -- | -- | The gRPC server options. |
-| `grpc.bind_addr` | String | `127.0.0.1:4001` | The address to bind the gRPC server. |
+| `grpc.addr` | String | `127.0.0.1:4001` | The address to bind the gRPC server. |
 | `grpc.runtime_size` | Integer | `8` | The number of server worker threads. |
 | `grpc.tls` | -- | -- | gRPC server TLS options, see `mysql.tls` section. |
 | `grpc.tls.mode` | String | `disable` | TLS mode. |
@@ -40,7 +38,6 @@
 | `mysql.enable` | Bool | `true` | Whether to enable. |
 | `mysql.addr` | String | `127.0.0.1:4002` | The addr to bind the MySQL server. |
 | `mysql.runtime_size` | Integer | `2` | The number of server worker threads. |
-| `mysql.keep_alive` | String | `0s` | Server-side keep-alive time.<br/>Set to 0 (default) to disable. |
 | `mysql.tls` | -- | -- | -- |
 | `mysql.tls.mode` | String | `disable` | TLS mode, refer to https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/libpq-ssl.html<br/>- `disable` (default value)<br/>- `prefer`<br/>- `require`<br/>- `verify-ca`<br/>- `verify-full` |
 | `mysql.tls.cert_path` | String | Unset | Certificate file path. |
@@ -50,7 +47,6 @@
 | `postgres.enable` | Bool | `true` | Whether to enable |
 | `postgres.addr` | String | `127.0.0.1:4003` | The addr to bind the PostgresSQL server. |
 | `postgres.runtime_size` | Integer | `2` | The number of server worker threads. |
-| `postgres.keep_alive` | String | `0s` | Server-side keep-alive time.<br/>Set to 0 (default) to disable. |
 | `postgres.tls` | -- | -- | PostgresSQL server TLS options, see `mysql.tls` section. |
 | `postgres.tls.mode` | String | `disable` | TLS mode. |
 | `postgres.tls.cert_path` | String | Unset | Certificate file path. |
@@ -60,8 +56,6 @@
 | `opentsdb.enable` | Bool | `true` | Whether to enable OpenTSDB put in HTTP API. |
 | `influxdb` | -- | -- | InfluxDB protocol options. |
 | `influxdb.enable` | Bool | `true` | Whether to enable InfluxDB protocol in HTTP API. |
-| `jaeger` | -- | -- | Jaeger protocol options. |
-| `jaeger.enable` | Bool | `true` | Whether to enable Jaeger protocol in HTTP API. |
 | `prom_store` | -- | -- | Prometheus remote storage options |
 | `prom_store.enable` | Bool | `true` | Whether to enable Prometheus remote write and read in HTTP API. |
 | `prom_store.with_metric_engine` | Bool | `true` | Whether to store the data from Prometheus remote write in metric engine. |
@@ -69,8 +63,8 @@
 | `wal.provider` | String | `raft_engine` | The provider of the WAL.<br/>- `raft_engine`: the wal is stored in the local file system by raft-engine.<br/>- `kafka`: it's remote wal that data is stored in Kafka. |
 | `wal.dir` | String | Unset | The directory to store the WAL files.<br/>**It's only used when the provider is `raft_engine`**. |
 | `wal.file_size` | String | `128MB` | The size of the WAL segment file.<br/>**It's only used when the provider is `raft_engine`**. |
-| `wal.purge_threshold` | String | `1GB` | The threshold of the WAL size to trigger a purge.<br/>**It's only used when the provider is `raft_engine`**. |
-| `wal.purge_interval` | String | `1m` | The interval to trigger a purge.<br/>**It's only used when the provider is `raft_engine`**. |
+| `wal.purge_threshold` | String | `1GB` | The threshold of the WAL size to trigger a flush.<br/>**It's only used when the provider is `raft_engine`**. |
+| `wal.purge_interval` | String | `1m` | The interval to trigger a flush.<br/>**It's only used when the provider is `raft_engine`**. |
 | `wal.read_batch_size` | Integer | `128` | The read batch size.<br/>**It's only used when the provider is `raft_engine`**. |
 | `wal.sync_write` | Bool | `false` | Whether to use sync write.<br/>**It's only used when the provider is `raft_engine`**. |
 | `wal.enable_log_recycle` | Bool | `true` | Whether to reuse logically truncated log files.<br/>**It's only used when the provider is `raft_engine`**. |
@@ -92,18 +86,15 @@
 | `wal.backoff_deadline` | String | `5mins` | The deadline of retries.<br/>**It's only used when the provider is `kafka`**. |
 | `wal.overwrite_entry_start_id` | Bool | `false` | Ignore missing entries during read WAL.<br/>**It's only used when the provider is `kafka`**.<br/><br/>This option ensures that when Kafka messages are deleted, the system<br/>can still successfully replay memtable data without throwing an<br/>out-of-range error.<br/>However, enabling this option might lead to unexpected data loss,<br/>as the system will skip over missing entries instead of treating<br/>them as critical errors. |
 | `metadata_store` | -- | -- | Metadata storage options. |
-| `metadata_store.file_size` | String | `64MB` | The size of the metadata store log file. |
-| `metadata_store.purge_threshold` | String | `256MB` | The threshold of the metadata store size to trigger a purge. |
-| `metadata_store.purge_interval` | String | `1m` | The interval of the metadata store to trigger a purge. |
+| `metadata_store.file_size` | String | `256MB` | Kv file size in bytes. |
+| `metadata_store.purge_threshold` | String | `4GB` | Kv purge threshold. |
 | `procedure` | -- | -- | Procedure storage options. |
 | `procedure.max_retry_times` | Integer | `3` | Procedure max retry time. |
 | `procedure.retry_delay` | String | `500ms` | Initial retry delay of procedures, increases exponentially |
-| `flow` | -- | -- | flow engine options. |
-| `flow.num_workers` | Integer | `0` | The number of flow worker in flownode.<br/>Not setting(or set to 0) this value will use the number of CPU cores divided by 2. |
 | `storage` | -- | -- | The data storage options. |
 | `storage.data_home` | String | `/tmp/greptimedb/` | The working home directory. |
 | `storage.type` | String | `File` | The storage type used to store the data.<br/>- `File`: the data is stored in the local file system.<br/>- `S3`: the data is stored in the S3 object storage.<br/>- `Gcs`: the data is stored in the Google Cloud Storage.<br/>- `Azblob`: the data is stored in the Azure Blob Storage.<br/>- `Oss`: the data is stored in the Aliyun OSS. |
-| `storage.cache_path` | String | Unset | Read cache configuration for object storage such as 'S3' etc, it's configured by default when using object storage. It is recommended to configure it when using object storage for better performance.<br/>A local file directory, defaults to `{data_home}`. An empty string means disabling. |
+| `storage.cache_path` | String | Unset | Read cache configuration for object storage such as 'S3' etc, it's configured by default when using object storage. It is recommended to configure it when using object storage for better performance.<br/>A local file directory, defaults to `{data_home}/object_cache/read`. An empty string means disabling. |
 | `storage.cache_capacity` | String | Unset | The local file cache capacity in bytes. If your disk space is sufficient, it is recommended to set it larger. |
 | `storage.bucket` | String | Unset | The S3 bucket name.<br/>**It's only used when the storage type is `S3`, `Oss` and `Gcs`**. |
 | `storage.root` | String | Unset | The S3 data will be stored in the specified prefix, for example, `s3://${bucket}/${root}`.<br/>**It's only used when the storage type is `S3`, `Oss` and `Azblob`**. |
@@ -141,10 +132,10 @@
 | `region_engine.mito.vector_cache_size` | String | Auto | Cache size for vectors and arrow arrays. Setting it to 0 to disable the cache.<br/>If not set, it's default to 1/16 of OS memory with a max limitation of 512MB. |
 | `region_engine.mito.page_cache_size` | String | Auto | Cache size for pages of SST row groups. Setting it to 0 to disable the cache.<br/>If not set, it's default to 1/8 of OS memory. |
 | `region_engine.mito.selector_result_cache_size` | String | Auto | Cache size for time series selector (e.g. `last_value()`). Setting it to 0 to disable the cache.<br/>If not set, it's default to 1/16 of OS memory with a max limitation of 512MB. |
-| `region_engine.mito.enable_write_cache` | Bool | `false` | Whether to enable the write cache, it's enabled by default when using object storage. It is recommended to enable it when using object storage for better performance. |
-| `region_engine.mito.write_cache_path` | String | `""` | File system path for write cache, defaults to `{data_home}`. |
-| `region_engine.mito.write_cache_size` | String | `5GiB` | Capacity for write cache. If your disk space is sufficient, it is recommended to set it larger. |
-| `region_engine.mito.write_cache_ttl` | String | Unset | TTL for write cache. |
+| `region_engine.mito.enable_experimental_write_cache` | Bool | `false` | Whether to enable the experimental write cache, it's enabled by default when using object storage. It is recommended to enable it when using object storage for better performance. |
+| `region_engine.mito.experimental_write_cache_path` | String | `""` | File system path for write cache, defaults to `{data_home}/object_cache/write`. |
+| `region_engine.mito.experimental_write_cache_size` | String | `5GiB` | Capacity for write cache. If your disk space is sufficient, it is recommended to set it larger. |
+| `region_engine.mito.experimental_write_cache_ttl` | String | Unset | TTL for write cache. |
 | `region_engine.mito.sst_write_buffer_size` | String | `8MB` | Buffer size for SST writing. |
 | `region_engine.mito.parallel_scan_channel_size` | Integer | `32` | Capacity of the channel to send data from parallel scan tasks to the main task. |
 | `region_engine.mito.allow_stale_entries` | Bool | `false` | Whether to allow stale WAL entries read during replay. |
@@ -152,16 +143,15 @@
 | `region_engine.mito.index` | -- | -- | The options for index in Mito engine. |
 | `region_engine.mito.index.aux_path` | String | `""` | Auxiliary directory path for the index in filesystem, used to store intermediate files for<br/>creating the index and staging files for searching the index, defaults to `{data_home}/index_intermediate`.<br/>The default name for this directory is `index_intermediate` for backward compatibility.<br/><br/>This path contains two subdirectories:<br/>- `__intm`: for storing intermediate files used during creating index.<br/>- `staging`: for storing staging files used during searching index. |
 | `region_engine.mito.index.staging_size` | String | `2GB` | The max capacity of the staging directory. |
-| `region_engine.mito.index.staging_ttl` | String | `7d` | The TTL of the staging directory.<br/>Defaults to 7 days.<br/>Setting it to "0s" to disable TTL. |
-| `region_engine.mito.index.metadata_cache_size` | String | `64MiB` | Cache size for inverted index metadata. |
-| `region_engine.mito.index.content_cache_size` | String | `128MiB` | Cache size for inverted index content. |
-| `region_engine.mito.index.content_cache_page_size` | String | `64KiB` | Page size for inverted index content cache. |
 | `region_engine.mito.inverted_index` | -- | -- | The options for inverted index in Mito engine. |
 | `region_engine.mito.inverted_index.create_on_flush` | String | `auto` | Whether to create the index on flush.<br/>- `auto`: automatically (default)<br/>- `disable`: never |
 | `region_engine.mito.inverted_index.create_on_compaction` | String | `auto` | Whether to create the index on compaction.<br/>- `auto`: automatically (default)<br/>- `disable`: never |
 | `region_engine.mito.inverted_index.apply_on_query` | String | `auto` | Whether to apply the index on query<br/>- `auto`: automatically (default)<br/>- `disable`: never |
 | `region_engine.mito.inverted_index.mem_threshold_on_create` | String | `auto` | Memory threshold for performing an external sort during index creation.<br/>- `auto`: automatically determine the threshold based on the system memory size (default)<br/>- `unlimited`: no memory limit<br/>- `[size]` e.g. `64MB`: fixed memory threshold |
 | `region_engine.mito.inverted_index.intermediate_path` | String | `""` | Deprecated, use `region_engine.mito.index.aux_path` instead. |
+| `region_engine.mito.inverted_index.metadata_cache_size` | String | `64MiB` | Cache size for inverted index metadata. |
+| `region_engine.mito.inverted_index.content_cache_size` | String | `128MiB` | Cache size for inverted index content. |
+| `region_engine.mito.inverted_index.content_cache_page_size` | String | `8MiB` | Page size for inverted index content cache. |
 | `region_engine.mito.fulltext_index` | -- | -- | The options for full-text index in Mito engine. |
 | `region_engine.mito.fulltext_index.create_on_flush` | String | `auto` | Whether to create the index on flush.<br/>- `auto`: automatically (default)<br/>- `disable`: never |
 | `region_engine.mito.fulltext_index.create_on_compaction` | String | `auto` | Whether to create the index on compaction.<br/>- `auto`: automatically (default)<br/>- `disable`: never |
@@ -178,8 +168,6 @@
 | `region_engine.mito.memtable.data_freeze_threshold` | Integer | `32768` | The max rows of data inside the actively writing buffer in one shard.<br/>Only available for `partition_tree` memtable. |
 | `region_engine.mito.memtable.fork_dictionary_bytes` | String | `1GiB` | Max dictionary bytes.<br/>Only available for `partition_tree` memtable. |
 | `region_engine.file` | -- | -- | Enable the file engine. |
-| `region_engine.metric` | -- | -- | Metric engine options. |
-| `region_engine.metric.experimental_sparse_primary_key_encoding` | Bool | `false` | Whether to enable the experimental sparse primary key encoding. |
 | `logging` | -- | -- | The logging options. |
 | `logging.dir` | String | `/tmp/greptimedb/logs` | The directory to store the log files. If set to empty, logs will not be written to files. |
 | `logging.level` | String | Unset | The log level. Can be `info`/`debug`/`warn`/`error`. |
@@ -224,11 +212,9 @@
 | `http.addr` | String | `127.0.0.1:4000` | The address to bind the HTTP server. |
 | `http.timeout` | String | `30s` | HTTP request timeout. Set to 0 to disable timeout. |
 | `http.body_limit` | String | `64MB` | HTTP request body limit.<br/>The following units are supported: `B`, `KB`, `KiB`, `MB`, `MiB`, `GB`, `GiB`, `TB`, `TiB`, `PB`, `PiB`.<br/>Set to 0 to disable limit. |
-| `http.enable_cors` | Bool | `true` | HTTP CORS support, it's turned on by default<br/>This allows browser to access http APIs without CORS restrictions |
-| `http.cors_allowed_origins` | Array | Unset | Customize allowed origins for HTTP CORS. |
 | `grpc` | -- | -- | The gRPC server options. |
-| `grpc.bind_addr` | String | `127.0.0.1:4001` | The address to bind the gRPC server. |
-| `grpc.server_addr` | String | `127.0.0.1:4001` | The address advertised to the metasrv, and used for connections from outside the host.<br/>If left empty or unset, the server will automatically use the IP address of the first network interface<br/>on the host, with the same port number as the one specified in `grpc.bind_addr`. |
+| `grpc.addr` | String | `127.0.0.1:4001` | The address to bind the gRPC server. |
+| `grpc.hostname` | String | `127.0.0.1` | The hostname advertised to the metasrv,<br/>and used for connections from outside the host |
 | `grpc.runtime_size` | Integer | `8` | The number of server worker threads. |
 | `grpc.tls` | -- | -- | gRPC server TLS options, see `mysql.tls` section. |
 | `grpc.tls.mode` | String | `disable` | TLS mode. |
@@ -239,7 +225,6 @@
 | `mysql.enable` | Bool | `true` | Whether to enable. |
 | `mysql.addr` | String | `127.0.0.1:4002` | The addr to bind the MySQL server. |
 | `mysql.runtime_size` | Integer | `2` | The number of server worker threads. |
-| `mysql.keep_alive` | String | `0s` | Server-side keep-alive time.<br/>Set to 0 (default) to disable. |
 | `mysql.tls` | -- | -- | -- |
 | `mysql.tls.mode` | String | `disable` | TLS mode, refer to https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/libpq-ssl.html<br/>- `disable` (default value)<br/>- `prefer`<br/>- `require`<br/>- `verify-ca`<br/>- `verify-full` |
 | `mysql.tls.cert_path` | String | Unset | Certificate file path. |
@@ -249,7 +234,6 @@
 | `postgres.enable` | Bool | `true` | Whether to enable |
 | `postgres.addr` | String | `127.0.0.1:4003` | The addr to bind the PostgresSQL server. |
 | `postgres.runtime_size` | Integer | `2` | The number of server worker threads. |
-| `postgres.keep_alive` | String | `0s` | Server-side keep-alive time.<br/>Set to 0 (default) to disable. |
 | `postgres.tls` | -- | -- | PostgresSQL server TLS options, see `mysql.tls` section. |
 | `postgres.tls.mode` | String | `disable` | TLS mode. |
 | `postgres.tls.cert_path` | String | Unset | Certificate file path. |
@@ -259,8 +243,6 @@
 | `opentsdb.enable` | Bool | `true` | Whether to enable OpenTSDB put in HTTP API. |
 | `influxdb` | -- | -- | InfluxDB protocol options. |
 | `influxdb.enable` | Bool | `true` | Whether to enable InfluxDB protocol in HTTP API. |
-| `jaeger` | -- | -- | Jaeger protocol options. |
-| `jaeger.enable` | Bool | `true` | Whether to enable Jaeger protocol in HTTP API. |
 | `prom_store` | -- | -- | Prometheus remote storage options |
 | `prom_store.enable` | Bool | `true` | Whether to enable Prometheus remote write and read in HTTP API. |
 | `prom_store.with_metric_engine` | Bool | `true` | Whether to store the data from Prometheus remote write in metric engine. |
@@ -310,16 +292,13 @@
 | --- | -----| ------- | ----------- |
 | `data_home` | String | `/tmp/metasrv/` | The working home directory. |
 | `bind_addr` | String | `127.0.0.1:3002` | The bind address of metasrv. |
-| `server_addr` | String | `127.0.0.1:3002` | The communication server address for the frontend and datanode to connect to metasrv.<br/>If left empty or unset, the server will automatically use the IP address of the first network interface<br/>on the host, with the same port number as the one specified in `bind_addr`. |
-| `store_addrs` | Array | -- | Store server address default to etcd store.<br/>For postgres store, the format is:<br/>"password=password dbname=postgres user=postgres host=localhost port=5432"<br/>For etcd store, the format is:<br/>"127.0.0.1:2379" |
+| `server_addr` | String | `127.0.0.1:3002` | The communication server address for frontend and datanode to connect to metasrv,  "127.0.0.1:3002" by default for localhost. |
+| `store_addrs` | Array | -- | Store server address default to etcd store. |
 | `store_key_prefix` | String | `""` | If it's not empty, the metasrv will store all data with this key prefix. |
-| `backend` | String | `etcd_store` | The datastore for meta server.<br/>Available values:<br/>- `etcd_store` (default value)<br/>- `memory_store`<br/>- `postgres_store` |
-| `meta_table_name` | String | `greptime_metakv` | Table name in RDS to store metadata. Effect when using a RDS kvbackend.<br/>**Only used when backend is `postgres_store`.** |
-| `meta_election_lock_id` | Integer | `1` | Advisory lock id in PostgreSQL for election. Effect when using PostgreSQL as kvbackend<br/>Only used when backend is `postgres_store`. |
+| `backend` | String | `EtcdStore` | The datastore for meta server. |
 | `selector` | String | `round_robin` | Datanode selector type.<br/>- `round_robin` (default value)<br/>- `lease_based`<br/>- `load_based`<br/>For details, please see "https://docs.greptime.com/developer-guide/metasrv/selector". |
 | `use_memory_store` | Bool | `false` | Store data in memory. |
 | `enable_region_failover` | Bool | `false` | Whether to enable region failover.<br/>This feature is only available on GreptimeDB running on cluster mode and<br/>- Using Remote WAL<br/>- Using shared storage (e.g., s3). |
-| `node_max_idle_time` | String | `24hours` | Max allowed idle time before removing node info from metasrv memory. |
 | `enable_telemetry` | Bool | `true` | Whether to enable greptimedb telemetry. Enabled by default. |
 | `runtime` | -- | -- | The runtime options. |
 | `runtime.global_rt_size` | Integer | `8` | The number of threads to execute the runtime for global read operations. |
@@ -344,7 +323,7 @@
 | `wal.auto_create_topics` | Bool | `true` | Automatically create topics for WAL.<br/>Set to `true` to automatically create topics for WAL.<br/>Otherwise, use topics named `topic_name_prefix_[0..num_topics)` |
 | `wal.num_topics` | Integer | `64` | Number of topics. |
 | `wal.selector_type` | String | `round_robin` | Topic selector type.<br/>Available selector types:<br/>- `round_robin` (default) |
-| `wal.topic_name_prefix` | String | `greptimedb_wal_topic` | A Kafka topic is constructed by concatenating `topic_name_prefix` and `topic_id`.<br/>Only accepts strings that match the following regular expression pattern:<br/>[a-zA-Z_:-][a-zA-Z0-9_:\-\.@#]*<br/>i.g., greptimedb_wal_topic_0, greptimedb_wal_topic_1. |
+| `wal.topic_name_prefix` | String | `greptimedb_wal_topic` | A Kafka topic is constructed by concatenating `topic_name_prefix` and `topic_id`.<br/>i.g., greptimedb_wal_topic_0, greptimedb_wal_topic_1. |
 | `wal.replication_factor` | Integer | `1` | Expected number of replicas of each partition. |
 | `wal.create_topic_timeout` | String | `30s` | Above which a topic creation operation will be cancelled. |
 | `wal.backoff_init` | String | `500ms` | The initial backoff for kafka clients. |
@@ -387,14 +366,19 @@
 | `init_regions_in_background` | Bool | `false` | Initialize all regions in the background during the startup.<br/>By default, it provides services after all regions have been initialized. |
 | `init_regions_parallelism` | Integer | `16` | Parallelism of initializing regions. |
 | `max_concurrent_queries` | Integer | `0` | The maximum current queries allowed to be executed. Zero means unlimited. |
+| `rpc_addr` | String | Unset | Deprecated, use `grpc.addr` instead. |
+| `rpc_hostname` | String | Unset | Deprecated, use `grpc.hostname` instead. |
+| `rpc_runtime_size` | Integer | Unset | Deprecated, use `grpc.runtime_size` instead. |
+| `rpc_max_recv_message_size` | String | Unset | Deprecated, use `grpc.rpc_max_recv_message_size` instead. |
+| `rpc_max_send_message_size` | String | Unset | Deprecated, use `grpc.rpc_max_send_message_size` instead. |
 | `enable_telemetry` | Bool | `true` | Enable telemetry to collect anonymous usage data. Enabled by default. |
 | `http` | -- | -- | The HTTP server options. |
 | `http.addr` | String | `127.0.0.1:4000` | The address to bind the HTTP server. |
 | `http.timeout` | String | `30s` | HTTP request timeout. Set to 0 to disable timeout. |
 | `http.body_limit` | String | `64MB` | HTTP request body limit.<br/>The following units are supported: `B`, `KB`, `KiB`, `MB`, `MiB`, `GB`, `GiB`, `TB`, `TiB`, `PB`, `PiB`.<br/>Set to 0 to disable limit. |
 | `grpc` | -- | -- | The gRPC server options. |
-| `grpc.bind_addr` | String | `127.0.0.1:3001` | The address to bind the gRPC server. |
-| `grpc.server_addr` | String | `127.0.0.1:3001` | The address advertised to the metasrv, and used for connections from outside the host.<br/>If left empty or unset, the server will automatically use the IP address of the first network interface<br/>on the host, with the same port number as the one specified in `grpc.bind_addr`. |
+| `grpc.addr` | String | `127.0.0.1:3001` | The address to bind the gRPC server. |
+| `grpc.hostname` | String | `127.0.0.1` | The hostname advertised to the metasrv,<br/>and used for connections from outside the host |
 | `grpc.runtime_size` | Integer | `8` | The number of server worker threads. |
 | `grpc.max_recv_message_size` | String | `512MB` | The maximum receive message size for gRPC server. |
 | `grpc.max_send_message_size` | String | `512MB` | The maximum send message size for gRPC server. |
@@ -482,10 +466,10 @@
 | `region_engine.mito.vector_cache_size` | String | Auto | Cache size for vectors and arrow arrays. Setting it to 0 to disable the cache.<br/>If not set, it's default to 1/16 of OS memory with a max limitation of 512MB. |
 | `region_engine.mito.page_cache_size` | String | Auto | Cache size for pages of SST row groups. Setting it to 0 to disable the cache.<br/>If not set, it's default to 1/8 of OS memory. |
 | `region_engine.mito.selector_result_cache_size` | String | Auto | Cache size for time series selector (e.g. `last_value()`). Setting it to 0 to disable the cache.<br/>If not set, it's default to 1/16 of OS memory with a max limitation of 512MB. |
-| `region_engine.mito.enable_write_cache` | Bool | `false` | Whether to enable the write cache, it's enabled by default when using object storage. It is recommended to enable it when using object storage for better performance. |
-| `region_engine.mito.write_cache_path` | String | `""` | File system path for write cache, defaults to `{data_home}`. |
-| `region_engine.mito.write_cache_size` | String | `5GiB` | Capacity for write cache. If your disk space is sufficient, it is recommended to set it larger. |
-| `region_engine.mito.write_cache_ttl` | String | Unset | TTL for write cache. |
+| `region_engine.mito.enable_experimental_write_cache` | Bool | `false` | Whether to enable the experimental write cache, it's enabled by default when using object storage. It is recommended to enable it when using object storage for better performance. |
+| `region_engine.mito.experimental_write_cache_path` | String | `""` | File system path for write cache, defaults to `{data_home}`. |
+| `region_engine.mito.experimental_write_cache_size` | String | `5GiB` | Capacity for write cache. If your disk space is sufficient, it is recommended to set it larger. |
+| `region_engine.mito.experimental_write_cache_ttl` | String | Unset | TTL for write cache. |
 | `region_engine.mito.sst_write_buffer_size` | String | `8MB` | Buffer size for SST writing. |
 | `region_engine.mito.parallel_scan_channel_size` | Integer | `32` | Capacity of the channel to send data from parallel scan tasks to the main task. |
 | `region_engine.mito.allow_stale_entries` | Bool | `false` | Whether to allow stale WAL entries read during replay. |
@@ -493,16 +477,15 @@
 | `region_engine.mito.index` | -- | -- | The options for index in Mito engine. |
 | `region_engine.mito.index.aux_path` | String | `""` | Auxiliary directory path for the index in filesystem, used to store intermediate files for<br/>creating the index and staging files for searching the index, defaults to `{data_home}/index_intermediate`.<br/>The default name for this directory is `index_intermediate` for backward compatibility.<br/><br/>This path contains two subdirectories:<br/>- `__intm`: for storing intermediate files used during creating index.<br/>- `staging`: for storing staging files used during searching index. |
 | `region_engine.mito.index.staging_size` | String | `2GB` | The max capacity of the staging directory. |
-| `region_engine.mito.index.staging_ttl` | String | `7d` | The TTL of the staging directory.<br/>Defaults to 7 days.<br/>Setting it to "0s" to disable TTL. |
-| `region_engine.mito.index.metadata_cache_size` | String | `64MiB` | Cache size for inverted index metadata. |
-| `region_engine.mito.index.content_cache_size` | String | `128MiB` | Cache size for inverted index content. |
-| `region_engine.mito.index.content_cache_page_size` | String | `64KiB` | Page size for inverted index content cache. |
 | `region_engine.mito.inverted_index` | -- | -- | The options for inverted index in Mito engine. |
 | `region_engine.mito.inverted_index.create_on_flush` | String | `auto` | Whether to create the index on flush.<br/>- `auto`: automatically (default)<br/>- `disable`: never |
 | `region_engine.mito.inverted_index.create_on_compaction` | String | `auto` | Whether to create the index on compaction.<br/>- `auto`: automatically (default)<br/>- `disable`: never |
 | `region_engine.mito.inverted_index.apply_on_query` | String | `auto` | Whether to apply the index on query<br/>- `auto`: automatically (default)<br/>- `disable`: never |
 | `region_engine.mito.inverted_index.mem_threshold_on_create` | String | `auto` | Memory threshold for performing an external sort during index creation.<br/>- `auto`: automatically determine the threshold based on the system memory size (default)<br/>- `unlimited`: no memory limit<br/>- `[size]` e.g. `64MB`: fixed memory threshold |
 | `region_engine.mito.inverted_index.intermediate_path` | String | `""` | Deprecated, use `region_engine.mito.index.aux_path` instead. |
+| `region_engine.mito.inverted_index.metadata_cache_size` | String | `64MiB` | Cache size for inverted index metadata. |
+| `region_engine.mito.inverted_index.content_cache_size` | String | `128MiB` | Cache size for inverted index content. |
+| `region_engine.mito.inverted_index.content_cache_page_size` | String | `8MiB` | Page size for inverted index content cache. |
 | `region_engine.mito.fulltext_index` | -- | -- | The options for full-text index in Mito engine. |
 | `region_engine.mito.fulltext_index.create_on_flush` | String | `auto` | Whether to create the index on flush.<br/>- `auto`: automatically (default)<br/>- `disable`: never |
 | `region_engine.mito.fulltext_index.create_on_compaction` | String | `auto` | Whether to create the index on compaction.<br/>- `auto`: automatically (default)<br/>- `disable`: never |
@@ -519,8 +502,6 @@
 | `region_engine.mito.memtable.data_freeze_threshold` | Integer | `32768` | The max rows of data inside the actively writing buffer in one shard.<br/>Only available for `partition_tree` memtable. |
 | `region_engine.mito.memtable.fork_dictionary_bytes` | String | `1GiB` | Max dictionary bytes.<br/>Only available for `partition_tree` memtable. |
 | `region_engine.file` | -- | -- | Enable the file engine. |
-| `region_engine.metric` | -- | -- | Metric engine options. |
-| `region_engine.metric.experimental_sparse_primary_key_encoding` | Bool | `false` | Whether to enable the experimental sparse primary key encoding. |
 | `logging` | -- | -- | The logging options. |
 | `logging.dir` | String | `/tmp/greptimedb/logs` | The directory to store the log files. If set to empty, logs will not be written to files. |
 | `logging.level` | String | Unset | The log level. Can be `info`/`debug`/`warn`/`error`. |
@@ -553,18 +534,12 @@
 | --- | -----| ------- | ----------- |
 | `mode` | String | `distributed` | The running mode of the flownode. It can be `standalone` or `distributed`. |
 | `node_id` | Integer | Unset | The flownode identifier and should be unique in the cluster. |
-| `flow` | -- | -- | flow engine options. |
-| `flow.num_workers` | Integer | `0` | The number of flow worker in flownode.<br/>Not setting(or set to 0) this value will use the number of CPU cores divided by 2. |
 | `grpc` | -- | -- | The gRPC server options. |
-| `grpc.bind_addr` | String | `127.0.0.1:6800` | The address to bind the gRPC server. |
-| `grpc.server_addr` | String | `127.0.0.1:6800` | The address advertised to the metasrv,<br/>and used for connections from outside the host |
+| `grpc.addr` | String | `127.0.0.1:6800` | The address to bind the gRPC server. |
+| `grpc.hostname` | String | `127.0.0.1` | The hostname advertised to the metasrv,<br/>and used for connections from outside the host |
 | `grpc.runtime_size` | Integer | `2` | The number of server worker threads. |
 | `grpc.max_recv_message_size` | String | `512MB` | The maximum receive message size for gRPC server. |
 | `grpc.max_send_message_size` | String | `512MB` | The maximum send message size for gRPC server. |
-| `http` | -- | -- | The HTTP server options. |
-| `http.addr` | String | `127.0.0.1:4000` | The address to bind the HTTP server. |
-| `http.timeout` | String | `30s` | HTTP request timeout. Set to 0 to disable timeout. |
-| `http.body_limit` | String | `64MB` | HTTP request body limit.<br/>The following units are supported: `B`, `KB`, `KiB`, `MB`, `MiB`, `GB`, `GiB`, `TB`, `TiB`, `PB`, `PiB`.<br/>Set to 0 to disable limit. |
 | `meta_client` | -- | -- | The metasrv client options. |
 | `meta_client.metasrv_addrs` | Array | -- | The addresses of the metasrv. |
 | `meta_client.timeout` | String | `3s` | Operation timeout. |
--- a/config/datanode.example.toml
+++ b/config/datanode.example.toml
@@ -19,6 +19,26 @@ init_regions_parallelism = 16
 ## The maximum current queries allowed to be executed. Zero means unlimited.
 max_concurrent_queries = 0

+## Deprecated, use `grpc.addr` instead.
+## @toml2docs:none-default
+rpc_addr = "127.0.0.1:3001"
+
+## Deprecated, use `grpc.hostname` instead.
+## @toml2docs:none-default
+rpc_hostname = "127.0.0.1"
+
+## Deprecated, use `grpc.runtime_size` instead.
+## @toml2docs:none-default
+rpc_runtime_size = 8
+
+## Deprecated, use `grpc.rpc_max_recv_message_size` instead.
+## @toml2docs:none-default
+rpc_max_recv_message_size = "512MB"
+
+## Deprecated, use `grpc.rpc_max_send_message_size` instead.
+## @toml2docs:none-default
+rpc_max_send_message_size = "512MB"
+
 ## Enable telemetry to collect anonymous usage data. Enabled by default.
 #+ enable_telemetry = true

@@ -36,11 +56,10 @@ body_limit = "64MB"
 ## The gRPC server options.
 [grpc]
 ## The address to bind the gRPC server.
-bind_addr = "127.0.0.1:3001"
-## The address advertised to the metasrv, and used for connections from outside the host.
-## If left empty or unset, the server will automatically use the IP address of the first network interface
-## on the host, with the same port number as the one specified in `grpc.bind_addr`.
-server_addr = "127.0.0.1:3001"
+addr = "127.0.0.1:3001"
+## The hostname advertised to the metasrv,
+## and used for connections from outside the host
+hostname = "127.0.0.1"
 ## The number of server worker threads.
 runtime_size = 8
 ## The maximum receive message size for gRPC server.
@@ -231,7 +250,6 @@ overwrite_entry_start_id = false
 # secret_access_key = "123456"
 # endpoint = "https://s3.amazonaws.com"
 # region = "us-west-2"
-# enable_virtual_host_style = false

 # Example of using Oss as the storage.
 # [storage]
@@ -457,18 +475,18 @@ auto_flush_interval = "1h"
 ## @toml2docs:none-default="Auto"
 #+ selector_result_cache_size = "512MB"

-## Whether to enable the write cache, it's enabled by default when using object storage. It is recommended to enable it when using object storage for better performance.
-enable_write_cache = false
+## Whether to enable the experimental write cache, it's enabled by default when using object storage. It is recommended to enable it when using object storage for better performance.
+enable_experimental_write_cache = false

 ## File system path for write cache, defaults to `{data_home}`.
-write_cache_path = ""
+experimental_write_cache_path = ""

 ## Capacity for write cache. If your disk space is sufficient, it is recommended to set it larger.
-write_cache_size = "5GiB"
+experimental_write_cache_size = "5GiB"

 ## TTL for write cache.
 ## @toml2docs:none-default
-write_cache_ttl = "8h"
+experimental_write_cache_ttl = "8h"

 ## Buffer size for SST writing.
 sst_write_buffer_size = "8MB"
@@ -498,20 +516,6 @@ aux_path = ""
 ## The max capacity of the staging directory.
 staging_size = "2GB"

-## The TTL of the staging directory.
-## Defaults to 7 days.
-## Setting it to "0s" to disable TTL.
-staging_ttl = "7d"
-
-## Cache size for inverted index metadata.
-metadata_cache_size = "64MiB"
-
-## Cache size for inverted index content.
-content_cache_size = "128MiB"
-
-## Page size for inverted index content cache.
-content_cache_page_size = "64KiB"
-
 ## The options for inverted index in Mito engine.
 [region_engine.mito.inverted_index]

@@ -539,6 +543,15 @@ mem_threshold_on_create = "auto"
 ## Deprecated, use `region_engine.mito.index.aux_path` instead.
 intermediate_path = ""

+## Cache size for inverted index metadata.
+metadata_cache_size = "64MiB"
+
+## Cache size for inverted index content.
+content_cache_size = "128MiB"
+
+## Page size for inverted index content cache.
+content_cache_page_size = "8MiB"
+
 ## The options for full-text index in Mito engine.
 [region_engine.mito.fulltext_index]

@@ -609,12 +622,6 @@ fork_dictionary_bytes = "1GiB"
 ## Enable the file engine.
 [region_engine.file]

-[[region_engine]]
-## Metric engine options.
-[region_engine.metric]
-## Whether to enable the experimental sparse primary key encoding.
-experimental_sparse_primary_key_encoding = false
-
 ## The logging options.
 [logging]
 ## The directory to store the log files. If set to empty, logs will not be written to files.
--- a/config/flownode.example.toml
+++ b/config/flownode.example.toml
@@ -5,19 +5,13 @@ mode = "distributed"
 ## @toml2docs:none-default
 node_id = 14

-## flow engine options.
-[flow]
-## The number of flow worker in flownode.
-## Not setting(or set to 0) this value will use the number of CPU cores divided by 2.
-#+num_workers=0
-
 ## The gRPC server options.
 [grpc]
 ## The address to bind the gRPC server.
-bind_addr = "127.0.0.1:6800"
-## The address advertised to the metasrv,
+addr = "127.0.0.1:6800"
+## The hostname advertised to the metasrv,
 ## and used for connections from outside the host
-server_addr = "127.0.0.1:6800"
+hostname = "127.0.0.1"
 ## The number of server worker threads.
 runtime_size = 2
 ## The maximum receive message size for gRPC server.
@@ -25,16 +19,6 @@ max_recv_message_size = "512MB"
 ## The maximum send message size for gRPC server.
 max_send_message_size = "512MB"

-## The HTTP server options.
-[http]
-## The address to bind the HTTP server.
-addr = "127.0.0.1:4000"
-## HTTP request timeout. Set to 0 to disable timeout.
-timeout = "30s"
-## HTTP request body limit.
-## The following units are supported: `B`, `KB`, `KiB`, `MB`, `MiB`, `GB`, `GiB`, `TB`, `TiB`, `PB`, `PiB`.
-## Set to 0 to disable limit.
-body_limit = "64MB"

 ## The metasrv client options.
 [meta_client]
--- a/config/frontend.example.toml
+++ b/config/frontend.example.toml
@@ -31,21 +31,14 @@ timeout = "30s"
 ## The following units are supported: `B`, `KB`, `KiB`, `MB`, `MiB`, `GB`, `GiB`, `TB`, `TiB`, `PB`, `PiB`.
 ## Set to 0 to disable limit.
 body_limit = "64MB"
-## HTTP CORS support, it's turned on by default
-## This allows browser to access http APIs without CORS restrictions
-enable_cors = true
-## Customize allowed origins for HTTP CORS.
-## @toml2docs:none-default
-cors_allowed_origins = ["https://example.com"]

 ## The gRPC server options.
 [grpc]
 ## The address to bind the gRPC server.
-bind_addr = "127.0.0.1:4001"
-## The address advertised to the metasrv, and used for connections from outside the host.
-## If left empty or unset, the server will automatically use the IP address of the first network interface
-## on the host, with the same port number as the one specified in `grpc.bind_addr`.
-server_addr = "127.0.0.1:4001"
+addr = "127.0.0.1:4001"
+## The hostname advertised to the metasrv,
+## and used for connections from outside the host
+hostname = "127.0.0.1"
 ## The number of server worker threads.
 runtime_size = 8

@@ -74,9 +67,6 @@ enable = true
 addr = "127.0.0.1:4002"
 ## The number of server worker threads.
 runtime_size = 2
-## Server-side keep-alive time.
-## Set to 0 (default) to disable.
-keep_alive = "0s"

 # MySQL server TLS options.
 [mysql.tls]
@@ -108,9 +98,6 @@ enable = true
 addr = "127.0.0.1:4003"
 ## The number of server worker threads.
 runtime_size = 2
-## Server-side keep-alive time.
-## Set to 0 (default) to disable.
-keep_alive = "0s"

 ## PostgresSQL server TLS options, see `mysql.tls` section.
 [postgres.tls]
@@ -138,11 +125,6 @@ enable = true
 ## Whether to enable InfluxDB protocol in HTTP API.
 enable = true

-## Jaeger protocol options.
-[jaeger]
-## Whether to enable Jaeger protocol in HTTP API.
-enable = true
-
 ## Prometheus remote storage options
 [prom_store]
 ## Whether to enable Prometheus remote write and read in HTTP API.
--- a/config/metasrv.example.toml
+++ b/config/metasrv.example.toml
@@ -4,35 +4,17 @@ data_home = "/tmp/metasrv/"
 ## The bind address of metasrv.
 bind_addr = "127.0.0.1:3002"

-## The communication server address for the frontend and datanode to connect to metasrv.
-## If left empty or unset, the server will automatically use the IP address of the first network interface
-## on the host, with the same port number as the one specified in `bind_addr`.
+## The communication server address for frontend and datanode to connect to metasrv,  "127.0.0.1:3002" by default for localhost.
 server_addr = "127.0.0.1:3002"

 ## Store server address default to etcd store.
-## For postgres store, the format is:
-## "password=password dbname=postgres user=postgres host=localhost port=5432"
-## For etcd store, the format is:
-## "127.0.0.1:2379"
 store_addrs = ["127.0.0.1:2379"]

 ## If it's not empty, the metasrv will store all data with this key prefix.
 store_key_prefix = ""

 ## The datastore for meta server.
-## Available values:
-## - `etcd_store` (default value)
-## - `memory_store`
-## - `postgres_store`
-backend = "etcd_store"
-
-## Table name in RDS to store metadata. Effect when using a RDS kvbackend.
-## **Only used when backend is `postgres_store`.**
-meta_table_name = "greptime_metakv"
-
-## Advisory lock id in PostgreSQL for election. Effect when using PostgreSQL as kvbackend
-## Only used when backend is `postgres_store`.
-meta_election_lock_id = 1
+backend = "EtcdStore"

 ## Datanode selector type.
 ## - `round_robin` (default value)
@@ -50,9 +32,6 @@ use_memory_store = false
 ## - Using shared storage (e.g., s3).
 enable_region_failover = false

-## Max allowed idle time before removing node info from metasrv memory.
-node_max_idle_time = "24hours"
-
 ## Whether to enable greptimedb telemetry. Enabled by default.
 #+ enable_telemetry = true

@@ -134,8 +113,6 @@ num_topics = 64
 selector_type = "round_robin"

 ## A Kafka topic is constructed by concatenating `topic_name_prefix` and `topic_id`.
-## Only accepts strings that match the following regular expression pattern:
-## [a-zA-Z_:-][a-zA-Z0-9_:\-\.@#]*
 ## i.g., greptimedb_wal_topic_0, greptimedb_wal_topic_1.
 topic_name_prefix = "greptimedb_wal_topic"

--- a/config/standalone.example.toml
+++ b/config/standalone.example.toml
@@ -39,17 +39,11 @@ timeout = "30s"
 ## The following units are supported: `B`, `KB`, `KiB`, `MB`, `MiB`, `GB`, `GiB`, `TB`, `TiB`, `PB`, `PiB`.
 ## Set to 0 to disable limit.
 body_limit = "64MB"
-## HTTP CORS support, it's turned on by default
-## This allows browser to access http APIs without CORS restrictions
-enable_cors = true
-## Customize allowed origins for HTTP CORS.
-## @toml2docs:none-default
-cors_allowed_origins = ["https://example.com"]

 ## The gRPC server options.
 [grpc]
 ## The address to bind the gRPC server.
-bind_addr = "127.0.0.1:4001"
+addr = "127.0.0.1:4001"
 ## The number of server worker threads.
 runtime_size = 8

@@ -78,9 +72,6 @@ enable = true
 addr = "127.0.0.1:4002"
 ## The number of server worker threads.
 runtime_size = 2
-## Server-side keep-alive time.
-## Set to 0 (default) to disable.
-keep_alive = "0s"

 # MySQL server TLS options.
 [mysql.tls]
@@ -112,9 +103,6 @@ enable = true
 addr = "127.0.0.1:4003"
 ## The number of server worker threads.
 runtime_size = 2
-## Server-side keep-alive time.
-## Set to 0 (default) to disable.
-keep_alive = "0s"

 ## PostgresSQL server TLS options, see `mysql.tls` section.
 [postgres.tls]
@@ -142,11 +130,6 @@ enable = true
 ## Whether to enable InfluxDB protocol in HTTP API.
 enable = true

-## Jaeger protocol options.
-[jaeger]
-## Whether to enable Jaeger protocol in HTTP API.
-enable = true
-
 ## Prometheus remote storage options
 [prom_store]
 ## Whether to enable Prometheus remote write and read in HTTP API.
@@ -170,11 +153,11 @@ dir = "/tmp/greptimedb/wal"
 ## **It's only used when the provider is `raft_engine`**.
 file_size = "128MB"

-## The threshold of the WAL size to trigger a purge.
+## The threshold of the WAL size to trigger a flush.
 ## **It's only used when the provider is `raft_engine`**.
 purge_threshold = "1GB"

-## The interval to trigger a purge.
+## The interval to trigger a flush.
 ## **It's only used when the provider is `raft_engine`**.
 purge_interval = "1m"

@@ -289,12 +272,10 @@ overwrite_entry_start_id = false

 ## Metadata storage options.
 [metadata_store]
-## The size of the metadata store log file.
-file_size = "64MB"
-## The threshold of the metadata store size to trigger a purge.
-purge_threshold = "256MB"
-## The interval of the metadata store to trigger a purge.
-purge_interval = "1m"
+## Kv file size in bytes.
+file_size = "256MB"
+## Kv purge threshold.
+purge_threshold = "4GB"

 ## Procedure storage options.
 [procedure]
@@ -303,12 +284,6 @@ max_retry_times = 3
 ## Initial retry delay of procedures, increases exponentially
 retry_delay = "500ms"

-## flow engine options.
-[flow]
-## The number of flow worker in flownode.
-## Not setting(or set to 0) this value will use the number of CPU cores divided by 2.
-#+num_workers=0
-
 # Example of using S3 as the storage.
 # [storage]
 # type = "S3"
@@ -318,7 +293,6 @@ retry_delay = "500ms"
 # secret_access_key = "123456"
 # endpoint = "https://s3.amazonaws.com"
 # region = "us-west-2"
-# enable_virtual_host_style = false

 # Example of using Oss as the storage.
 # [storage]
@@ -363,7 +337,7 @@ data_home = "/tmp/greptimedb/"
 type = "File"

 ## Read cache configuration for object storage such as 'S3' etc, it's configured by default when using object storage. It is recommended to configure it when using object storage for better performance.
-## A local file directory, defaults to `{data_home}`. An empty string means disabling.
+## A local file directory, defaults to `{data_home}/object_cache/read`. An empty string means disabling.
 ## @toml2docs:none-default
 #+ cache_path = ""

@@ -544,18 +518,18 @@ auto_flush_interval = "1h"
 ## @toml2docs:none-default="Auto"
 #+ selector_result_cache_size = "512MB"

-## Whether to enable the write cache, it's enabled by default when using object storage. It is recommended to enable it when using object storage for better performance.
-enable_write_cache = false
+## Whether to enable the experimental write cache, it's enabled by default when using object storage. It is recommended to enable it when using object storage for better performance.
+enable_experimental_write_cache = false

-## File system path for write cache, defaults to `{data_home}`.
-write_cache_path = ""
+## File system path for write cache, defaults to `{data_home}/object_cache/write`.
+experimental_write_cache_path = ""

 ## Capacity for write cache. If your disk space is sufficient, it is recommended to set it larger.
-write_cache_size = "5GiB"
+experimental_write_cache_size = "5GiB"

 ## TTL for write cache.
 ## @toml2docs:none-default
-write_cache_ttl = "8h"
+experimental_write_cache_ttl = "8h"

 ## Buffer size for SST writing.
 sst_write_buffer_size = "8MB"
@@ -585,20 +559,6 @@ aux_path = ""
 ## The max capacity of the staging directory.
 staging_size = "2GB"

-## The TTL of the staging directory.
-## Defaults to 7 days.
-## Setting it to "0s" to disable TTL.
-staging_ttl = "7d"
-
-## Cache size for inverted index metadata.
-metadata_cache_size = "64MiB"
-
-## Cache size for inverted index content.
-content_cache_size = "128MiB"
-
-## Page size for inverted index content cache.
-content_cache_page_size = "64KiB"
-
 ## The options for inverted index in Mito engine.
 [region_engine.mito.inverted_index]

@@ -626,6 +586,15 @@ mem_threshold_on_create = "auto"
 ## Deprecated, use `region_engine.mito.index.aux_path` instead.
 intermediate_path = ""

+## Cache size for inverted index metadata.
+metadata_cache_size = "64MiB"
+
+## Cache size for inverted index content.
+content_cache_size = "128MiB"
+
+## Page size for inverted index content cache.
+content_cache_page_size = "8MiB"
+
 ## The options for full-text index in Mito engine.
 [region_engine.mito.fulltext_index]

@@ -696,12 +665,6 @@ fork_dictionary_bytes = "1GiB"
 ## Enable the file engine.
 [region_engine.file]

-[[region_engine]]
-## Metric engine options.
-[region_engine.metric]
-## Whether to enable the experimental sparse primary key encoding.
-experimental_sparse_primary_key_encoding = false
-
 ## The logging options.
 [logging]
 ## The directory to store the log files. If set to empty, logs will not be written to files.
--- a/cyborg/bin/bump-doc-version.ts
+++ b/cyborg/bin/bump-doc-version.ts
@@ -1,75 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2023 Greptime Team
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-import * as core from "@actions/core";
-import {obtainClient} from "@/common";
-
-async function triggerWorkflow(workflowId: string, version: string) {
-  const docsClient = obtainClient("DOCS_REPO_TOKEN")
-  try {
-    await docsClient.rest.actions.createWorkflowDispatch({
-      owner: "GreptimeTeam",
-      repo: "docs",
-      workflow_id: workflowId,
-      ref: "main",
-      inputs: {
-        version,
-      },
-    });
-    console.log(`Successfully triggered ${workflowId} workflow with version ${version}`);
-  } catch (error) {
-    core.setFailed(`Failed to trigger workflow: ${error.message}`);
-  }
-}
-
-function determineWorkflow(version: string): [string, string] {
-  // Check if it's a nightly version
-  if (version.includes('nightly')) {
-    return ['bump-nightly-version.yml', version];
-  }
-
-  const parts = version.split('.');
-
-  if (parts.length !== 3) {
-    throw new Error('Invalid version format');
-  }
-
-  // If patch version (last number) is 0, it's a major version
-  // Return only major.minor version
-  if (parts[2] === '0') {
-    return ['bump-version.yml', `${parts[0]}.${parts[1]}`];
-  }
-
-  // Otherwise it's a patch version, use full version
-  return ['bump-patch-version.yml', version];
-}
-
-const version = process.env.VERSION;
-if (!version) {
-  core.setFailed("VERSION environment variable is required");
-  process.exit(1);
-}
-
-// Remove 'v' prefix if exists
-const cleanVersion = version.startsWith('v') ? version.slice(1) : version;
-
-try {
-  const [workflowId, apiVersion] = determineWorkflow(cleanVersion);
-  triggerWorkflow(workflowId, apiVersion);
-} catch (error) {
-  core.setFailed(`Error processing version: ${error.message}`);
-  process.exit(1);
-}
--- a/docker/buildx/centos/Dockerfile
+++ b/docker/buildx/centos/Dockerfile
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ RUN unzip protoc-3.15.8-linux-x86_64.zip -d /usr/local/
 # Install Rust
 SHELL ["/bin/bash", "-c"]
 RUN curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh -s -- --no-modify-path --default-toolchain none -y
-ENV PATH /usr/local/bin:/root/.cargo/bin/:$PATH
+ENV PATH /opt/rh/rh-python38/root/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/root/.cargo/bin/:$PATH

 # Build the project in release mode.
 RUN --mount=target=.,rw \
--- a/docker/buildx/ubuntu/Dockerfile
+++ b/docker/buildx/ubuntu/Dockerfile
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-FROM ubuntu:22.04 as builder
+FROM ubuntu:20.04 as builder

 ARG CARGO_PROFILE
 ARG FEATURES
@@ -7,8 +7,10 @@ ARG OUTPUT_DIR
 ENV LANG en_US.utf8
 WORKDIR /greptimedb

+# Add PPA for Python 3.10.
 RUN apt-get update && \
-    DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y software-properties-common
+    DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y software-properties-common && \
+    add-apt-repository ppa:deadsnakes/ppa -y

 # Install dependencies.
 RUN --mount=type=cache,target=/var/cache/apt \
--- a/docker/ci/ubuntu/Dockerfile.fuzztests
+++ b/docker/ci/ubuntu/Dockerfile.fuzztests
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-FROM ubuntu:latest
+FROM ubuntu:22.04

 # The binary name of GreptimeDB executable.
 # Defaults to "greptime", but sometimes in other projects it might be different.
--- a/docker/dev-builder/android/Dockerfile
+++ b/docker/dev-builder/android/Dockerfile
@@ -9,20 +9,16 @@ RUN cp ${NDK_ROOT}/toolchains/llvm/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/lib64/clang/14.0.7/lib/
 # Install dependencies.
 RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \
    libssl-dev \
+    protobuf-compiler \
    curl \
    git \
-    unzip \
    build-essential \
-    pkg-config
-
-# Install protoc
-ARG PROTOBUF_VERSION=29.3
-
-RUN curl -OL https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/releases/download/v${PROTOBUF_VERSION}/protoc-${PROTOBUF_VERSION}-linux-x86_64.zip && \
-    unzip protoc-${PROTOBUF_VERSION}-linux-x86_64.zip -d protoc3;
-    
-RUN mv protoc3/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
-RUN mv protoc3/include/* /usr/local/include/
+    pkg-config \
+    python3 \
+    python3-dev \
+    python3-pip \
+    && pip3 install --upgrade pip \
+    && pip3 install pyarrow

 # Trust workdir
 RUN git config --global --add safe.directory /greptimedb
--- a/docker/dev-builder/centos/Dockerfile
+++ b/docker/dev-builder/centos/Dockerfile
@@ -12,21 +12,18 @@ RUN yum install -y epel-release  \
    openssl \
    openssl-devel  \
    centos-release-scl  \
+    rh-python38  \
+    rh-python38-python-devel \
    which

 # Install protoc
-ARG PROTOBUF_VERSION=29.3
-
-RUN curl -OL https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/releases/download/v${PROTOBUF_VERSION}/protoc-${PROTOBUF_VERSION}-linux-x86_64.zip && \
-    unzip protoc-${PROTOBUF_VERSION}-linux-x86_64.zip -d protoc3;
-    
-RUN mv protoc3/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
-RUN mv protoc3/include/* /usr/local/include/
+RUN curl -LO https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/releases/download/v3.15.8/protoc-3.15.8-linux-x86_64.zip
+RUN unzip protoc-3.15.8-linux-x86_64.zip -d /usr/local/

 # Install Rust
 SHELL ["/bin/bash", "-c"]
 RUN curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh -s -- --no-modify-path --default-toolchain none -y
-ENV PATH /usr/local/bin:/root/.cargo/bin/:$PATH
+ENV PATH /opt/rh/rh-python38/root/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/root/.cargo/bin/:$PATH

 # Install Rust toolchains.
 ARG RUST_TOOLCHAIN
--- a/docker/dev-builder/ubuntu/Dockerfile
+++ b/docker/dev-builder/ubuntu/Dockerfile
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-FROM ubuntu:22.04
+FROM ubuntu:20.04

 # The root path under which contains all the dependencies to build this Dockerfile.
 ARG DOCKER_BUILD_ROOT=.
@@ -6,8 +6,11 @@ ARG DOCKER_BUILD_ROOT=.
 ENV LANG en_US.utf8
 WORKDIR /greptimedb

+# Add PPA for Python 3.10.
 RUN apt-get update && \
-    DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y software-properties-common
+    DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y software-properties-common && \
+    add-apt-repository ppa:deadsnakes/ppa -y
+
 # Install dependencies.
 RUN apt-get update && DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y \
    libssl-dev \
@@ -17,36 +20,55 @@ RUN apt-get update && DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y \
    ca-certificates \
    git \
    build-essential \
-    pkg-config
+    pkg-config \
+    python3.10 \
+    python3.10-dev

 ARG TARGETPLATFORM
 RUN echo "target platform: $TARGETPLATFORM"

-ARG PROTOBUF_VERSION=29.3
-
 # Install protobuf, because the one in the apt is too old (v3.12).
 RUN if [ "$TARGETPLATFORM" = "linux/arm64" ]; then \
-    curl -OL https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/releases/download/v${PROTOBUF_VERSION}/protoc-${PROTOBUF_VERSION}-linux-aarch_64.zip && \
-    unzip protoc-${PROTOBUF_VERSION}-linux-aarch_64.zip -d protoc3; \
+    curl -OL https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/releases/download/v29.1/protoc-29.1-linux-aarch_64.zip && \
+    unzip protoc-29.1-linux-aarch_64.zip -d protoc3; \
 elif [ "$TARGETPLATFORM" = "linux/amd64" ]; then \
-    curl -OL https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/releases/download/v${PROTOBUF_VERSION}/protoc-${PROTOBUF_VERSION}-linux-x86_64.zip && \
-    unzip protoc-${PROTOBUF_VERSION}-linux-x86_64.zip -d protoc3; \
+    curl -OL https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/releases/download/v29.1/protoc-29.1-linux-x86_64.zip && \
+    unzip protoc-29.1-linux-x86_64.zip -d protoc3; \
 fi
 RUN mv protoc3/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
 RUN mv protoc3/include/* /usr/local/include/

+# https://github.com/GreptimeTeam/greptimedb/actions/runs/10935485852/job/30357457188#step:3:7106
+# `aws-lc-sys` require gcc >= 10.3.0 to work, hence alias to use gcc-10
+RUN apt-get remove -y gcc-9 g++-9 cpp-9 && \
+    apt-get install -y gcc-10 g++-10 cpp-10 make cmake && \
+    ln -sf /usr/bin/gcc-10 /usr/bin/gcc && ln -sf /usr/bin/g++-10 /usr/bin/g++ && \
+    ln -sf /usr/bin/gcc-10 /usr/bin/cc && \
+    ln -sf /usr/bin/g++-10 /usr/bin/cpp && ln -sf /usr/bin/g++-10 /usr/bin/c++ && \
+    cc --version && gcc --version && g++ --version && cpp --version && c++ --version
+
+# Remove Python 3.8 and install pip.
+RUN apt-get -y purge python3.8 && \
+    apt-get -y autoremove && \
+    ln -s /usr/bin/python3.10 /usr/bin/python3 && \
+    curl -sS https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py | python3.10
+
 # Silence all `safe.directory` warnings, to avoid the "detect dubious repository" error when building with submodules.
 # Disabling the safe directory check here won't pose extra security issues, because in our usage for this dev build
 # image, we use it solely on our own environment (that github action's VM, or ECS created dynamically by ourselves),
 # and the repositories are pulled from trusted sources (still us, of course). Doing so does not violate the intention
 # of the Git's addition to the "safe.directory" at the first place (see the commit message here:
 # https://github.com/git/git/commit/8959555cee7ec045958f9b6dd62e541affb7e7d9).
-# There's also another solution to this, that we add the desired submodules to the safe directory, instead of using
+# There's also another solution to this, that we add the desired submodules to the safe directory, instead of using 
 # wildcard here. However, that requires the git's config files and the submodules all owned by the very same user.
 # It's troublesome to do this since the dev build runs in Docker, which is under user "root"; while outside the Docker,
 # it can be a different user that have prepared the submodules.
 RUN git config --global --add safe.directory '*'

+# Install Python dependencies.
+COPY $DOCKER_BUILD_ROOT/docker/python/requirements.txt /etc/greptime/requirements.txt
+RUN python3 -m pip install -r /etc/greptime/requirements.txt
+
 # Install Rust.
 SHELL ["/bin/bash", "-c"]
 RUN curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh -s -- --no-modify-path --default-toolchain none -y
--- a/docker/dev-builder/ubuntu/Dockerfile-18.10
+++ b/docker/dev-builder/ubuntu/Dockerfile-18.10
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+# Use the legacy glibc 2.28.
+FROM ubuntu:18.10
+
+ENV LANG en_US.utf8
+WORKDIR /greptimedb
+
+# Use old-releases.ubuntu.com to avoid 404s: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/EOLUpgrades.
+RUN echo "deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ cosmic main restricted universe multiverse\n\
+deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ cosmic-updates main restricted universe multiverse\n\
+deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ cosmic-security main restricted universe multiverse" > /etc/apt/sources.list
+
+# Install dependencies.
+RUN apt-get update && DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y \
+    libssl-dev \
+    tzdata \
+    curl \
+    ca-certificates \
+    git \
+    build-essential \
+    unzip \
+    pkg-config
+
+# Install protoc.
+ENV PROTOC_VERSION=25.1
+RUN if [ "$(uname -m)" = "x86_64" ]; then \
+        PROTOC_ZIP=protoc-${PROTOC_VERSION}-linux-x86_64.zip; \
+    elif [ "$(uname -m)" = "aarch64" ]; then \
+        PROTOC_ZIP=protoc-${PROTOC_VERSION}-linux-aarch_64.zip; \
+    else \
+        echo "Unsupported architecture"; exit 1; \
+    fi && \
+    curl -OL https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/releases/download/v${PROTOC_VERSION}/${PROTOC_ZIP} && \
+    unzip -o ${PROTOC_ZIP} -d /usr/local bin/protoc && \
+    unzip -o ${PROTOC_ZIP} -d /usr/local 'include/*' && \
+    rm -f ${PROTOC_ZIP}
+
+# Install Rust.
+SHELL ["/bin/bash", "-c"]
+RUN curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh -s -- --no-modify-path --default-toolchain none -y
+ENV PATH /root/.cargo/bin/:$PATH
+
+# Install Rust toolchains.
+ARG RUST_TOOLCHAIN
+RUN rustup toolchain install ${RUST_TOOLCHAIN}
+
+# Install cargo-binstall with a specific version to adapt the current rust toolchain.
+# Note: if we use the latest version, we may encounter the following `use of unstable library feature 'io_error_downcast'` error.
+RUN cargo install cargo-binstall --version 1.6.6 --locked
+
+# Install nextest.
+RUN cargo binstall cargo-nextest --no-confirm
--- a/docker/dev-builder/ubuntu/Dockerfile-20.04
+++ b/docker/dev-builder/ubuntu/Dockerfile-20.04
@@ -1,66 +0,0 @@
-FROM ubuntu:20.04
-
-# The root path under which contains all the dependencies to build this Dockerfile.
-ARG DOCKER_BUILD_ROOT=.
-
-ENV LANG en_US.utf8
-WORKDIR /greptimedb
-
-RUN apt-get update && \
-    DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y software-properties-common
-# Install dependencies.
-RUN apt-get update && DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y \
-    libssl-dev \
-    tzdata \
-    curl \
-    unzip \
-    ca-certificates \
-    git \
-    build-essential \
-    pkg-config
-
-ARG TARGETPLATFORM
-RUN echo "target platform: $TARGETPLATFORM"
-
-ARG PROTOBUF_VERSION=29.3
-
-# Install protobuf, because the one in the apt is too old (v3.12).
-RUN if [ "$TARGETPLATFORM" = "linux/arm64" ]; then \
-    curl -OL https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/releases/download/v${PROTOBUF_VERSION}/protoc-${PROTOBUF_VERSION}-linux-aarch_64.zip && \
-    unzip protoc-${PROTOBUF_VERSION}-linux-aarch_64.zip -d protoc3; \
-elif [ "$TARGETPLATFORM" = "linux/amd64" ]; then \
-    curl -OL https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/releases/download/v${PROTOBUF_VERSION}/protoc-${PROTOBUF_VERSION}-linux-x86_64.zip && \
-    unzip protoc-${PROTOBUF_VERSION}-linux-x86_64.zip -d protoc3; \
-fi
-RUN mv protoc3/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
-RUN mv protoc3/include/* /usr/local/include/
-
-# Silence all `safe.directory` warnings, to avoid the "detect dubious repository" error when building with submodules.
-# Disabling the safe directory check here won't pose extra security issues, because in our usage for this dev build
-# image, we use it solely on our own environment (that github action's VM, or ECS created dynamically by ourselves),
-# and the repositories are pulled from trusted sources (still us, of course). Doing so does not violate the intention
-# of the Git's addition to the "safe.directory" at the first place (see the commit message here:
-# https://github.com/git/git/commit/8959555cee7ec045958f9b6dd62e541affb7e7d9).
-# There's also another solution to this, that we add the desired submodules to the safe directory, instead of using 
-# wildcard here. However, that requires the git's config files and the submodules all owned by the very same user.
-# It's troublesome to do this since the dev build runs in Docker, which is under user "root"; while outside the Docker,
-# it can be a different user that have prepared the submodules.
-RUN git config --global --add safe.directory '*'
-
-# Install Rust.
-SHELL ["/bin/bash", "-c"]
-RUN curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh -s -- --no-modify-path --default-toolchain none -y
-ENV PATH /root/.cargo/bin/:$PATH
-
-# Install Rust toolchains.
-ARG RUST_TOOLCHAIN
-RUN rustup toolchain install ${RUST_TOOLCHAIN}
-
-# Install cargo-binstall with a specific version to adapt the current rust toolchain.
-# Note: if we use the latest version, we may encounter the following `use of unstable library feature 'io_error_downcast'` error.
-# compile from source take too long, so we use the precompiled binary instead
-COPY $DOCKER_BUILD_ROOT/docker/dev-builder/binstall/pull_binstall.sh /usr/local/bin/pull_binstall.sh
-RUN chmod +x /usr/local/bin/pull_binstall.sh && /usr/local/bin/pull_binstall.sh
-
-# Install nextest.
-RUN cargo binstall cargo-nextest --no-confirm
--- a/docker/docker-compose/cluster-with-etcd.yaml
+++ b/docker/docker-compose/cluster-with-etcd.yaml
@@ -39,16 +39,14 @@ services:
    container_name: metasrv
    ports:
      - 3002:3002
-      - 3000:3000
    command:
      - metasrv
      - start
-      - --rpc-bind-addr=0.0.0.0:3002
-      - --rpc-server-addr=metasrv:3002
+      - --bind-addr=0.0.0.0:3002
+      - --server-addr=metasrv:3002
      - --store-addrs=etcd0:2379
-      - --http-addr=0.0.0.0:3000
    healthcheck:
-      test: [ "CMD", "curl", "-f", "http://metasrv:3000/health" ]
+      test: [ "CMD", "curl", "-f", "http://metasrv:3002/health" ]
      interval: 5s
      timeout: 3s
      retries: 5
@@ -68,17 +66,17 @@ services:
      - datanode
      - start
      - --node-id=0
-      - --rpc-bind-addr=0.0.0.0:3001
-      - --rpc-server-addr=datanode0:3001
+      - --rpc-addr=0.0.0.0:3001
+      - --rpc-hostname=datanode0:3001
      - --metasrv-addrs=metasrv:3002
      - --http-addr=0.0.0.0:5000
    volumes:
      - /tmp/greptimedb-cluster-docker-compose/datanode0:/tmp/greptimedb
    healthcheck:
-      test: [ "CMD", "curl", "-fv", "http://datanode0:5000/health" ]
+      test: [ "CMD", "curl", "-f", "http://datanode0:5000/health" ]
      interval: 5s
      timeout: 3s
-      retries: 10
+      retries: 5
    depends_on:
      metasrv:
        condition: service_healthy
@@ -98,7 +96,7 @@ services:
      - start
      - --metasrv-addrs=metasrv:3002
      - --http-addr=0.0.0.0:4000
-      - --rpc-bind-addr=0.0.0.0:4001
+      - --rpc-addr=0.0.0.0:4001
      - --mysql-addr=0.0.0.0:4002
      - --postgres-addr=0.0.0.0:4003
    healthcheck:
@@ -117,23 +115,16 @@ services:
    container_name: flownode0
    ports:
      - 4004:4004
-      - 4005:4005
    command:
      - flownode
      - start
      - --node-id=0
      - --metasrv-addrs=metasrv:3002
-      - --rpc-bind-addr=0.0.0.0:4004
-      - --rpc-server-addr=flownode0:4004
-      - --http-addr=0.0.0.0:4005
+      - --rpc-addr=0.0.0.0:4004
+      - --rpc-hostname=flownode0:4004
    depends_on:
      frontend0:
        condition: service_healthy
-    healthcheck:
-      test: [ "CMD", "curl", "-f", "http://flownode0:4005/health" ]
-      interval: 5s
-      timeout: 3s
-      retries: 5
    networks:
      - greptimedb

--- a/docker/python/requirements.txt
+++ b/docker/python/requirements.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+numpy>=1.24.2
+pandas>=1.5.3
+pyarrow>=11.0.0
+requests>=2.28.2
+scipy>=1.10.1
--- a/docs/benchmarks/tsbs/v0.12.0.md
+++ b/docs/benchmarks/tsbs/v0.12.0.md
@@ -1,40 +0,0 @@
-# TSBS benchmark - v0.12.0
-
-## Environment
-
-### Amazon EC2
-
-|         |                         |
-|---------|-------------------------|
-| Machine | c5d.2xlarge             |
-| CPU     | 8 core                  |
-| Memory  | 16GB                    |
-| Disk    | 100GB (GP3)             |
-| OS      | Ubuntu Server 24.04 LTS |
-
-## Write performance
-
-| Environment     | Ingest rate (rows/s) |
-|-----------------|----------------------|
-| EC2 c5d.2xlarge | 326839.28            |
-
-## Query performance
-
-| Query type            | EC2 c5d.2xlarge (ms) |
-|-----------------------|----------------------|
-| cpu-max-all-1         | 12.46                |
-| cpu-max-all-8         | 24.20                |
-| double-groupby-1      | 673.08               |
-| double-groupby-5      | 963.99               |
-| double-groupby-all    | 1330.05              |
-| groupby-orderby-limit | 952.46               |
-| high-cpu-1            | 5.08                 |
-| high-cpu-all          | 4638.57              |
-| lastpoint             | 591.02               |
-| single-groupby-1-1-1  | 4.06                 |
-| single-groupby-1-1-12 | 4.73                 |
-| single-groupby-1-8-1  | 8.23                 |
-| single-groupby-5-1-1  | 4.61                 |
-| single-groupby-5-1-12 | 5.61                 |
-| single-groupby-5-8-1  | 9.74                 |
-
--- a/docs/how-to/how-to-profile-cpu.md
+++ b/docs/how-to/how-to-profile-cpu.md
@@ -20,3 +20,31 @@ Sample at 49 Hertz, for 10 seconds, output report in text format.
 ```bash
 curl -X POST -s '0:4000/debug/prof/cpu?seconds=10&frequency=49&output=text' > /tmp/pprof.txt
 ```
+
+## Using `perf`
+
+First find the pid of GreptimeDB:
+
+Using `perf record` to profile GreptimeDB, at the sampling frequency of 99 hertz, and a duration of 60 seconds:
+
+```bash
+perf record -p <pid> --call-graph dwarf -F 99 -- sleep 60
+```
+
+The result will be saved to file `perf.data`.
+
+Then
+
+```bash
+perf script --no-inline > perf.out
+```
+
+Produce a flame graph out of it:
+
+```bash
+git clone https://github.com/brendangregg/FlameGraph
+
+FlameGraph/stackcollapse-perf.pl perf.out > perf.folded
+
+FlameGraph/flamegraph.pl perf.folded > perf.svg
+```
--- a/docs/how-to/how-to-profile-memory.md
+++ b/docs/how-to/how-to-profile-memory.md
@@ -4,16 +4,6 @@ This crate provides an easy approach to dump memory profiling info.

 ## Prerequisites
 ### jemalloc
-jeprof is already compiled in the target directory of GreptimeDB. You can find the binary and use it.
-```
-# find jeprof binary
-find . -name 'jeprof'
-# add executable permission
-chmod +x <path_to_jeprof>
-```
-The path is usually under `./target/${PROFILE}/build/tikv-jemalloc-sys-${HASH}/out/build/bin/jeprof`.
-The default version of jemalloc installed from the package manager may not have the `--collapsed` option.
-You may need to check the whether the `jeprof` version is >= `5.3.0` if you want to install it from the package manager.
 ```bash
 # for macOS
 brew install jemalloc
@@ -33,11 +23,7 @@ curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/brendangregg/FlameGraph/master/flamegraph
 Start GreptimeDB instance with environment variables:

 ```bash
-# for Linux
 MALLOC_CONF=prof:true ./target/debug/greptime standalone start
-
-# for macOS
-_RJEM_MALLOC_CONF=prof:true ./target/debug/greptime standalone start
 ```

 Dump memory profiling data through HTTP API:
--- a/docs/logo-text-padding-dark.png
+++ b/docs/logo-text-padding-dark.png
--- a/docs/logo-text-padding.png
+++ b/docs/logo-text-padding.png
--- a/flake.lock
+++ b/flake.lock
@@ -1,100 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "nodes": {
-    "fenix": {
-      "inputs": {
-        "nixpkgs": [
-          "nixpkgs"
-        ],
-        "rust-analyzer-src": "rust-analyzer-src"
-      },
-      "locked": {
-        "lastModified": 1737613896,
-        "narHash": "sha256-ldqXIglq74C7yKMFUzrS9xMT/EVs26vZpOD68Sh7OcU=",
-        "owner": "nix-community",
-        "repo": "fenix",
-        "rev": "303a062fdd8e89f233db05868468975d17855d80",
-        "type": "github"
-      },
-      "original": {
-        "owner": "nix-community",
-        "repo": "fenix",
-        "type": "github"
-      }
-    },
-    "flake-utils": {
-      "inputs": {
-        "systems": "systems"
-      },
-      "locked": {
-        "lastModified": 1731533236,
-        "narHash": "sha256-l0KFg5HjrsfsO/JpG+r7fRrqm12kzFHyUHqHCVpMMbI=",
-        "owner": "numtide",
-        "repo": "flake-utils",
-        "rev": "11707dc2f618dd54ca8739b309ec4fc024de578b",
-        "type": "github"
-      },
-      "original": {
-        "owner": "numtide",
-        "repo": "flake-utils",
-        "type": "github"
-      }
-    },
-    "nixpkgs": {
-      "locked": {
-        "lastModified": 1737569578,
-        "narHash": "sha256-6qY0pk2QmUtBT9Mywdvif0i/CLVgpCjMUn6g9vB+f3M=",
-        "owner": "NixOS",
-        "repo": "nixpkgs",
-        "rev": "47addd76727f42d351590c905d9d1905ca895b82",
-        "type": "github"
-      },
-      "original": {
-        "owner": "NixOS",
-        "ref": "nixos-24.11",
-        "repo": "nixpkgs",
-        "type": "github"
-      }
-    },
-    "root": {
-      "inputs": {
-        "fenix": "fenix",
-        "flake-utils": "flake-utils",
-        "nixpkgs": "nixpkgs"
-      }
-    },
-    "rust-analyzer-src": {
-      "flake": false,
-      "locked": {
-        "lastModified": 1737581772,
-        "narHash": "sha256-t1P2Pe3FAX9TlJsCZbmJ3wn+C4qr6aSMypAOu8WNsN0=",
-        "owner": "rust-lang",
-        "repo": "rust-analyzer",
-        "rev": "582af7ee9c8d84f5d534272fc7de9f292bd849be",
-        "type": "github"
-      },
-      "original": {
-        "owner": "rust-lang",
-        "ref": "nightly",
-        "repo": "rust-analyzer",
-        "type": "github"
-      }
-    },
-    "systems": {
-      "locked": {
-        "lastModified": 1681028828,
-        "narHash": "sha256-Vy1rq5AaRuLzOxct8nz4T6wlgyUR7zLU309k9mBC768=",
-        "owner": "nix-systems",
-        "repo": "default",
-        "rev": "da67096a3b9bf56a91d16901293e51ba5b49a27e",
-        "type": "github"
-      },
-      "original": {
-        "owner": "nix-systems",
-        "repo": "default",
-        "type": "github"
-      }
-    }
-  },
-  "root": "root",
-  "version": 7
-}
--- a/flake.nix
+++ b/flake.nix
@@ -1,56 +0,0 @@
-{
-  description = "Development environment flake";
-
-  inputs = {
-    nixpkgs.url = "github:NixOS/nixpkgs/nixos-24.11";
-    fenix = {
-      url = "github:nix-community/fenix";
-      inputs.nixpkgs.follows = "nixpkgs";
-    };
-    flake-utils.url = "github:numtide/flake-utils";
-  };
-
-  outputs = { self, nixpkgs, fenix, flake-utils }:
-    flake-utils.lib.eachDefaultSystem (system:
-      let
-        pkgs = nixpkgs.legacyPackages.${system};
-        buildInputs = with pkgs; [
-          libgit2
-          libz
-        ];
-        lib = nixpkgs.lib;
-        rustToolchain = fenix.packages.${system}.fromToolchainName {
-          name = (lib.importTOML ./rust-toolchain.toml).toolchain.channel;
-          sha256 = "sha256-f/CVA1EC61EWbh0SjaRNhLL0Ypx2ObupbzigZp8NmL4=";
-        };
-      in
-      {
-        devShells.default = pkgs.mkShell {
-          nativeBuildInputs = with pkgs; [
-            pkg-config
-            git
-            clang
-            gcc
-            protobuf
-            gnumake
-            mold
-            (rustToolchain.withComponents [
-              "cargo"
-              "clippy"
-              "rust-src"
-              "rustc"
-              "rustfmt"
-              "rust-analyzer"
-              "llvm-tools"
-            ])
-            cargo-nextest
-            cargo-llvm-cov
-            taplo
-            curl
-            gnuplot ## for cargo bench
-          ];
-
-          LD_LIBRARY_PATH = pkgs.lib.makeLibraryPath buildInputs;
-        };
-      });
-}
--- a/grafana/check.sh
+++ b/grafana/check.sh
@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env bash
-
-BASEDIR=$(dirname "$0")
-
-# Use jq to check for panels with empty or missing descriptions
-invalid_panels=$(cat $BASEDIR/greptimedb-cluster.json | jq -r '
-  .panels[]
-  | select((.type == "stats" or .type == "timeseries") and (.description == "" or .description == null))
-')
-
-# Check if any invalid panels were found
-if [[ -n "$invalid_panels" ]]; then
-  echo "Error: The following panels have empty or missing descriptions:"
-  echo "$invalid_panels"
-  exit 1
-else
-  echo "All panels with type 'stats' or 'timeseries' have valid descriptions."
-  exit 0
-fi
--- a/grafana/greptimedb-cluster.json
+++ b/grafana/greptimedb-cluster.json
--- a/grafana/greptimedb.json
+++ b/grafana/greptimedb.json
--- a/grafana/summary.sh
+++ b/grafana/summary.sh
@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env bash
-
-BASEDIR=$(dirname "$0")
-echo '| Title | Description | Expressions |
-|---|---|---|'
-
-cat $BASEDIR/greptimedb-cluster.json | jq -r '
-  .panels |
-  map(select(.type == "stat" or .type == "timeseries")) |
-  .[] | "| \(.title) | \(.description | gsub("\n"; "<br>")) | \(.targets | map(.expr // .rawSql | "`\(.|gsub("\n"; "<br>"))`")  | join("<br>")) |"
-'
--- a/rust-toolchain.toml
+++ b/rust-toolchain.toml
@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
 [toolchain]
-channel = "nightly-2024-12-25"
+channel = "nightly-2024-10-19"
+components = ["rust-analyzer"]
--- a/scripts/check-snafu.py
+++ b/scripts/check-snafu.py
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@

 import os
 import re
-from multiprocessing import Pool


 def find_rust_files(directory):
@@ -34,11 +33,13 @@ def extract_branch_names(file_content):
    return pattern.findall(file_content)


-def check_snafu_in_files(branch_name, rust_files_content):
+def check_snafu_in_files(branch_name, rust_files):
    branch_name_snafu = f"{branch_name}Snafu"
-    for content in rust_files_content.values():
-        if branch_name_snafu in content:
-            return True
+    for rust_file in rust_files:
+        with open(rust_file, "r") as file:
+            content = file.read()
+            if branch_name_snafu in content:
+                return True
    return False


@@ -48,24 +49,21 @@ def main():

    for error_file in error_files:
        with open(error_file, "r") as file:
-            branch_names.extend(extract_branch_names(file.read()))
+            content = file.read()
+            branch_names.extend(extract_branch_names(content))

-    # Read all rust files into memory once
-    rust_files_content = {}
-    for rust_file in other_rust_files:
-        with open(rust_file, "r") as file:
-            rust_files_content[rust_file] = file.read()
-
-    with Pool() as pool:
-        results = pool.starmap(
-            check_snafu_in_files, [(bn, rust_files_content) for bn in branch_names]
-        )
-    unused_snafu = [bn for bn, found in zip(branch_names, results) if not found]
+    unused_snafu = [
+        branch_name
+        for branch_name in branch_names
+        if not check_snafu_in_files(branch_name, other_rust_files)
+    ]

    if unused_snafu:
        print("Unused error variants:")
        for name in unused_snafu:
            print(name)
+
+    if unused_snafu:
        raise SystemExit(1)


--- a/shell.nix
+++ b/shell.nix
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+let
+  nixpkgs = fetchTarball "https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/tarball/nixos-unstable";
+  fenix = import (fetchTarball "https://github.com/nix-community/fenix/archive/main.tar.gz") {};
+  pkgs = import nixpkgs { config = {}; overlays = []; };
+in
+
+pkgs.mkShell rec {
+  nativeBuildInputs = with pkgs; [
+    pkg-config
+    git
+    clang
+    gcc
+    protobuf
+    mold
+    (fenix.fromToolchainFile {
+      dir = ./.;
+    })
+    cargo-nextest
+    taplo
+  ];
+
+  buildInputs = with pkgs; [
+    libgit2
+  ];
+
+  LD_LIBRARY_PATH = pkgs.lib.makeLibraryPath buildInputs;
+}
--- a/src/api/Cargo.toml
+++ b/src/api/Cargo.toml
@@ -15,10 +15,13 @@ common-macro.workspace = true
 common-time.workspace = true
 datatypes.workspace = true
 greptime-proto.workspace = true
-paste.workspace = true
+paste = "1.0"
 prost.workspace = true
 serde_json.workspace = true
 snafu.workspace = true

 [build-dependencies]
 tonic-build = "0.11"
+
+[dev-dependencies]
+paste = "1.0"
--- a/src/api/src/error.rs
+++ b/src/api/src/error.rs
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ pub enum Error {
        #[snafu(implicit)]
        location: Location,
        #[snafu(source)]
-        error: prost::UnknownEnumValue,
+        error: prost::DecodeError,
    },

    #[snafu(display("Failed to create column datatype from {:?}", from))]
--- a/src/api/src/helper.rs
+++ b/src/api/src/helper.rs
@@ -19,7 +19,9 @@ use common_decimal::decimal128::{DECIMAL128_DEFAULT_SCALE, DECIMAL128_MAX_PRECIS
 use common_decimal::Decimal128;
 use common_time::time::Time;
 use common_time::timestamp::TimeUnit;
-use common_time::{Date, IntervalDayTime, IntervalMonthDayNano, IntervalYearMonth, Timestamp};
+use common_time::{
+    Date, DateTime, IntervalDayTime, IntervalMonthDayNano, IntervalYearMonth, Timestamp,
+};
 use datatypes::prelude::{ConcreteDataType, ValueRef};
 use datatypes::scalars::ScalarVector;
 use datatypes::types::{
@@ -27,8 +29,8 @@ use datatypes::types::{
 };
 use datatypes::value::{OrderedF32, OrderedF64, Value};
 use datatypes::vectors::{
-    BinaryVector, BooleanVector, DateVector, Decimal128Vector, Float32Vector, Float64Vector,
-    Int32Vector, Int64Vector, IntervalDayTimeVector, IntervalMonthDayNanoVector,
+    BinaryVector, BooleanVector, DateTimeVector, DateVector, Decimal128Vector, Float32Vector,
+    Float64Vector, Int32Vector, Int64Vector, IntervalDayTimeVector, IntervalMonthDayNanoVector,
    IntervalYearMonthVector, PrimitiveVector, StringVector, TimeMicrosecondVector,
    TimeMillisecondVector, TimeNanosecondVector, TimeSecondVector, TimestampMicrosecondVector,
    TimestampMillisecondVector, TimestampNanosecondVector, TimestampSecondVector, UInt32Vector,
@@ -84,7 +86,7 @@ impl ColumnDataTypeWrapper {

    /// Get a tuple of ColumnDataType and ColumnDataTypeExtension.
    pub fn to_parts(&self) -> (ColumnDataType, Option<ColumnDataTypeExtension>) {
-        (self.datatype, self.datatype_ext)
+        (self.datatype, self.datatype_ext.clone())
    }
 }

@@ -116,7 +118,7 @@ impl From<ColumnDataTypeWrapper> for ConcreteDataType {
            ColumnDataType::Json => ConcreteDataType::json_datatype(),
            ColumnDataType::String => ConcreteDataType::string_datatype(),
            ColumnDataType::Date => ConcreteDataType::date_datatype(),
-            ColumnDataType::Datetime => ConcreteDataType::timestamp_microsecond_datatype(),
+            ColumnDataType::Datetime => ConcreteDataType::datetime_datatype(),
            ColumnDataType::TimestampSecond => ConcreteDataType::timestamp_second_datatype(),
            ColumnDataType::TimestampMillisecond => {
                ConcreteDataType::timestamp_millisecond_datatype()
@@ -269,6 +271,7 @@ impl TryFrom<ConcreteDataType> for ColumnDataTypeWrapper {
            ConcreteDataType::Binary(_) => ColumnDataType::Binary,
            ConcreteDataType::String(_) => ColumnDataType::String,
            ConcreteDataType::Date(_) => ColumnDataType::Date,
+            ConcreteDataType::DateTime(_) => ColumnDataType::Datetime,
            ConcreteDataType::Timestamp(t) => match t {
                TimestampType::Second(_) => ColumnDataType::TimestampSecond,
                TimestampType::Millisecond(_) => ColumnDataType::TimestampMillisecond,
@@ -473,6 +476,7 @@ pub fn push_vals(column: &mut Column, origin_count: usize, vector: VectorRef) {
        Value::String(val) => values.string_values.push(val.as_utf8().to_string()),
        Value::Binary(val) => values.binary_values.push(val.to_vec()),
        Value::Date(val) => values.date_values.push(val.val()),
+        Value::DateTime(val) => values.datetime_values.push(val.val()),
        Value::Timestamp(val) => match val.unit() {
            TimeUnit::Second => values.timestamp_second_values.push(val.value()),
            TimeUnit::Millisecond => values.timestamp_millisecond_values.push(val.value()),
@@ -573,11 +577,12 @@ pub fn pb_value_to_value_ref<'a>(
        ValueData::BinaryValue(bytes) => ValueRef::Binary(bytes.as_slice()),
        ValueData::StringValue(string) => ValueRef::String(string.as_str()),
        ValueData::DateValue(d) => ValueRef::Date(Date::from(*d)),
+        ValueData::DatetimeValue(d) => ValueRef::DateTime(DateTime::new(*d)),
        ValueData::TimestampSecondValue(t) => ValueRef::Timestamp(Timestamp::new_second(*t)),
        ValueData::TimestampMillisecondValue(t) => {
            ValueRef::Timestamp(Timestamp::new_millisecond(*t))
        }
-        ValueData::DatetimeValue(t) | ValueData::TimestampMicrosecondValue(t) => {
+        ValueData::TimestampMicrosecondValue(t) => {
            ValueRef::Timestamp(Timestamp::new_microsecond(*t))
        }
        ValueData::TimestampNanosecondValue(t) => {
@@ -646,6 +651,7 @@ pub fn pb_values_to_vector_ref(data_type: &ConcreteDataType, values: Values) ->
        ConcreteDataType::Binary(_) => Arc::new(BinaryVector::from(values.binary_values)),
        ConcreteDataType::String(_) => Arc::new(StringVector::from_vec(values.string_values)),
        ConcreteDataType::Date(_) => Arc::new(DateVector::from_vec(values.date_values)),
+        ConcreteDataType::DateTime(_) => Arc::new(DateTimeVector::from_vec(values.datetime_values)),
        ConcreteDataType::Timestamp(unit) => match unit {
            TimestampType::Second(_) => Arc::new(TimestampSecondVector::from_vec(
                values.timestamp_second_values,
@@ -679,18 +685,14 @@ pub fn pb_values_to_vector_ref(data_type: &ConcreteDataType, values: Values) ->
            IntervalType::YearMonth(_) => Arc::new(IntervalYearMonthVector::from_vec(
                values.interval_year_month_values,
            )),
-            IntervalType::DayTime(_) => Arc::new(IntervalDayTimeVector::from_iter_values(
-                values
-                    .interval_day_time_values
-                    .iter()
-                    .map(|x| IntervalDayTime::from_i64(*x).into()),
+            IntervalType::DayTime(_) => Arc::new(IntervalDayTimeVector::from_vec(
+                values.interval_day_time_values,
            )),
            IntervalType::MonthDayNano(_) => {
                Arc::new(IntervalMonthDayNanoVector::from_iter_values(
-                    values
-                        .interval_month_day_nano_values
-                        .iter()
-                        .map(|x| IntervalMonthDayNano::new(x.months, x.days, x.nanoseconds).into()),
+                    values.interval_month_day_nano_values.iter().map(|x| {
+                        IntervalMonthDayNano::new(x.months, x.days, x.nanoseconds).to_i128()
+                    }),
                ))
            }
        },
@@ -781,6 +783,11 @@ pub fn pb_values_to_values(data_type: &ConcreteDataType, values: Values) -> Vec<
            .into_iter()
            .map(|val| val.into())
            .collect(),
+        ConcreteDataType::DateTime(_) => values
+            .datetime_values
+            .into_iter()
+            .map(|v| Value::DateTime(v.into()))
+            .collect(),
        ConcreteDataType::Date(_) => values
            .date_values
            .into_iter()
@@ -936,6 +943,9 @@ pub fn to_proto_value(value: Value) -> Option<v1::Value> {
        Value::Date(v) => v1::Value {
            value_data: Some(ValueData::DateValue(v.val())),
        },
+        Value::DateTime(v) => v1::Value {
+            value_data: Some(ValueData::DatetimeValue(v.val())),
+        },
        Value::Timestamp(v) => match v.unit() {
            TimeUnit::Second => v1::Value {
                value_data: Some(ValueData::TimestampSecondValue(v.value())),
@@ -1052,6 +1062,7 @@ pub fn value_to_grpc_value(value: Value) -> GrpcValue {
            Value::String(v) => Some(ValueData::StringValue(v.as_utf8().to_string())),
            Value::Binary(v) => Some(ValueData::BinaryValue(v.to_vec())),
            Value::Date(v) => Some(ValueData::DateValue(v.val())),
+            Value::DateTime(v) => Some(ValueData::DatetimeValue(v.val())),
            Value::Timestamp(v) => Some(match v.unit() {
                TimeUnit::Second => ValueData::TimestampSecondValue(v.value()),
                TimeUnit::Millisecond => ValueData::TimestampMillisecondValue(v.value()),
@@ -1233,7 +1244,7 @@ mod tests {
            ColumnDataTypeWrapper::date_datatype().into()
        );
        assert_eq!(
-            ConcreteDataType::timestamp_microsecond_datatype(),
+            ConcreteDataType::datetime_datatype(),
            ColumnDataTypeWrapper::datetime_datatype().into()
        );
        assert_eq!(
@@ -1324,6 +1335,10 @@ mod tests {
            ColumnDataTypeWrapper::date_datatype(),
            ConcreteDataType::date_datatype().try_into().unwrap()
        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            ColumnDataTypeWrapper::datetime_datatype(),
+            ConcreteDataType::datetime_datatype().try_into().unwrap()
+        );
        assert_eq!(
            ColumnDataTypeWrapper::timestamp_millisecond_datatype(),
            ConcreteDataType::timestamp_millisecond_datatype()
@@ -1480,22 +1495,14 @@ mod tests {
            column.values.as_ref().unwrap().interval_year_month_values
        );

-        let vector = Arc::new(IntervalDayTimeVector::from_vec(vec![
-            IntervalDayTime::new(0, 4).into(),
-            IntervalDayTime::new(0, 5).into(),
-            IntervalDayTime::new(0, 6).into(),
-        ]));
+        let vector = Arc::new(IntervalDayTimeVector::from_vec(vec![4, 5, 6]));
        push_vals(&mut column, 3, vector);
        assert_eq!(
            vec![4, 5, 6],
            column.values.as_ref().unwrap().interval_day_time_values
        );

-        let vector = Arc::new(IntervalMonthDayNanoVector::from_vec(vec![
-            IntervalMonthDayNano::new(0, 0, 7).into(),
-            IntervalMonthDayNano::new(0, 0, 8).into(),
-            IntervalMonthDayNano::new(0, 0, 9).into(),
-        ]));
+        let vector = Arc::new(IntervalMonthDayNanoVector::from_vec(vec![7, 8, 9]));
        let len = vector.len();
        push_vals(&mut column, 3, vector);
        (0..len).for_each(|i| {
@@ -1811,6 +1818,17 @@ mod tests {
        ]
    );

+    test_convert_values!(
+        datetime,
+        vec![1.into(), 2.into(), 3.into()],
+        datetime,
+        vec![
+            Value::DateTime(1.into()),
+            Value::DateTime(2.into()),
+            Value::DateTime(3.into())
+        ]
+    );
+
    #[test]
    fn test_vectors_to_rows_for_different_types() {
        let boolean_vec = BooleanVector::from_vec(vec![true, false, true]);
--- a/src/api/src/v1/column_def.rs
+++ b/src/api/src/v1/column_def.rs
@@ -15,10 +15,10 @@
 use std::collections::HashMap;

 use datatypes::schema::{
-    ColumnDefaultConstraint, ColumnSchema, FulltextAnalyzer, FulltextOptions, SkippingIndexOptions,
-    SkippingIndexType, COMMENT_KEY, FULLTEXT_KEY, INVERTED_INDEX_KEY, SKIPPING_INDEX_KEY,
+    ColumnDefaultConstraint, ColumnSchema, FulltextAnalyzer, FulltextOptions, COMMENT_KEY,
+    FULLTEXT_KEY, INVERTED_INDEX_KEY, SKIPPING_INDEX_KEY,
 };
-use greptime_proto::v1::{Analyzer, SkippingIndexType as PbSkippingIndexType};
+use greptime_proto::v1::Analyzer;
 use snafu::ResultExt;

 use crate::error::{self, Result};
@@ -34,8 +34,10 @@ const SKIPPING_INDEX_GRPC_KEY: &str = "skipping_index";

 /// Tries to construct a `ColumnSchema` from the given  `ColumnDef`.
 pub fn try_as_column_schema(column_def: &ColumnDef) -> Result<ColumnSchema> {
-    let data_type =
-        ColumnDataTypeWrapper::try_new(column_def.data_type, column_def.datatype_extension)?;
+    let data_type = ColumnDataTypeWrapper::try_new(
+        column_def.data_type,
+        column_def.datatype_extension.clone(),
+    )?;

    let constraint = if column_def.default_constraint.is_empty() {
        None
@@ -55,13 +57,13 @@ pub fn try_as_column_schema(column_def: &ColumnDef) -> Result<ColumnSchema> {
    }
    if let Some(options) = column_def.options.as_ref() {
        if let Some(fulltext) = options.options.get(FULLTEXT_GRPC_KEY) {
-            metadata.insert(FULLTEXT_KEY.to_string(), fulltext.to_owned());
+            metadata.insert(FULLTEXT_KEY.to_string(), fulltext.clone());
        }
        if let Some(inverted_index) = options.options.get(INVERTED_INDEX_GRPC_KEY) {
-            metadata.insert(INVERTED_INDEX_KEY.to_string(), inverted_index.to_owned());
+            metadata.insert(INVERTED_INDEX_KEY.to_string(), inverted_index.clone());
        }
        if let Some(skipping_index) = options.options.get(SKIPPING_INDEX_GRPC_KEY) {
-            metadata.insert(SKIPPING_INDEX_KEY.to_string(), skipping_index.to_owned());
+            metadata.insert(SKIPPING_INDEX_KEY.to_string(), skipping_index.clone());
        }
    }

@@ -80,7 +82,7 @@ pub fn options_from_column_schema(column_schema: &ColumnSchema) -> Option<Column
    if let Some(fulltext) = column_schema.metadata().get(FULLTEXT_KEY) {
        options
            .options
-            .insert(FULLTEXT_GRPC_KEY.to_string(), fulltext.to_owned());
+            .insert(FULLTEXT_GRPC_KEY.to_string(), fulltext.clone());
    }
    if let Some(inverted_index) = column_schema.metadata().get(INVERTED_INDEX_KEY) {
        options
@@ -100,14 +102,7 @@ pub fn options_from_column_schema(column_schema: &ColumnSchema) -> Option<Column
 pub fn contains_fulltext(options: &Option<ColumnOptions>) -> bool {
    options
        .as_ref()
-        .is_some_and(|o| o.options.contains_key(FULLTEXT_GRPC_KEY))
-}
-
-/// Checks if the `ColumnOptions` contains skipping index options.
-pub fn contains_skipping(options: &Option<ColumnOptions>) -> bool {
-    options
-        .as_ref()
-        .is_some_and(|o| o.options.contains_key(SKIPPING_INDEX_GRPC_KEY))
+        .map_or(false, |o| o.options.contains_key(FULLTEXT_GRPC_KEY))
 }

 /// Tries to construct a `ColumnOptions` from the given `FulltextOptions`.
@@ -120,27 +115,6 @@ pub fn options_from_fulltext(fulltext: &FulltextOptions) -> Result<Option<Column
    Ok((!options.options.is_empty()).then_some(options))
 }

-/// Tries to construct a `ColumnOptions` from the given `SkippingIndexOptions`.
-pub fn options_from_skipping(skipping: &SkippingIndexOptions) -> Result<Option<ColumnOptions>> {
-    let mut options = ColumnOptions::default();
-
-    let v = serde_json::to_string(skipping).context(error::SerializeJsonSnafu)?;
-    options
-        .options
-        .insert(SKIPPING_INDEX_GRPC_KEY.to_string(), v);
-
-    Ok((!options.options.is_empty()).then_some(options))
-}
-
-/// Tries to construct a `ColumnOptions` for inverted index.
-pub fn options_from_inverted() -> ColumnOptions {
-    let mut options = ColumnOptions::default();
-    options
-        .options
-        .insert(INVERTED_INDEX_GRPC_KEY.to_string(), "true".to_string());
-    options
-}
-
 /// Tries to construct a `FulltextAnalyzer` from the given analyzer.
 pub fn as_fulltext_option(analyzer: Analyzer) -> FulltextAnalyzer {
    match analyzer {
@@ -149,13 +123,6 @@ pub fn as_fulltext_option(analyzer: Analyzer) -> FulltextAnalyzer {
    }
 }

-/// Tries to construct a `SkippingIndexType` from the given skipping index type.
-pub fn as_skipping_index_type(skipping_index_type: PbSkippingIndexType) -> SkippingIndexType {
-    match skipping_index_type {
-        PbSkippingIndexType::BloomFilter => SkippingIndexType::BloomFilter,
-    }
-}
-
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {

@@ -214,14 +181,14 @@ mod tests {
        let options = options_from_column_schema(&schema);
        assert!(options.is_none());

-        let mut schema = ColumnSchema::new("test", ConcreteDataType::string_datatype(), true)
+        let schema = ColumnSchema::new("test", ConcreteDataType::string_datatype(), true)
            .with_fulltext_options(FulltextOptions {
                enable: true,
                analyzer: FulltextAnalyzer::English,
                case_sensitive: false,
            })
-            .unwrap();
-        schema.set_inverted_index(true);
+            .unwrap()
+            .set_inverted_index(true);
        let options = options_from_column_schema(&schema).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(
            options.options.get(FULLTEXT_GRPC_KEY).unwrap(),
--- a/src/catalog/Cargo.toml
+++ b/src/catalog/Cargo.toml
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ api.workspace = true
 arrow.workspace = true
 arrow-schema.workspace = true
 async-stream.workspace = true
-async-trait.workspace = true
+async-trait = "0.1"
 bytes.workspace = true
 common-catalog.workspace = true
 common-error.workspace = true
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ common-version.workspace = true
 dashmap.workspace = true
 datafusion.workspace = true
 datatypes.workspace = true
-futures.workspace = true
+futures = "0.3"
 futures-util.workspace = true
 humantime.workspace = true
 itertools.workspace = true
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ lazy_static.workspace = true
 meta-client.workspace = true
 moka = { workspace = true, features = ["future", "sync"] }
 partition.workspace = true
-paste.workspace = true
+paste = "1.0"
 prometheus.workspace = true
 rustc-hash.workspace = true
 serde_json.workspace = true
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ sql.workspace = true
 store-api.workspace = true
 table.workspace = true
 tokio.workspace = true
-tokio-stream.workspace = true
+tokio-stream = "0.1"

 [dev-dependencies]
 cache.workspace = true
--- a/src/catalog/src/error.rs
+++ b/src/catalog/src/error.rs
@@ -122,6 +122,13 @@ pub enum Error {
        source: BoxedError,
    },

+    #[snafu(display("Failed to re-compile script due to internal error"))]
+    CompileScriptInternal {
+        #[snafu(implicit)]
+        location: Location,
+        source: BoxedError,
+    },
+
    #[snafu(display("Failed to create table, table info: {}", table_info))]
    CreateTable {
        table_info: String,
@@ -336,7 +343,9 @@ impl ErrorExt for Error {
            Error::DecodePlan { source, .. } => source.status_code(),
            Error::InvalidTableInfoInCatalog { source, .. } => source.status_code(),

-            Error::Internal { source, .. } => source.status_code(),
+            Error::CompileScriptInternal { source, .. } | Error::Internal { source, .. } => {
+                source.status_code()
+            }

            Error::QueryAccessDenied { .. } => StatusCode::AccessDenied,
            Error::Datafusion { error, .. } => datafusion_status_code::<Self>(error, None),
--- a/src/catalog/src/kvbackend/client.rs
+++ b/src/catalog/src/kvbackend/client.rs
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicUsize, Ordering};
 use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
 use std::time::Duration;

-use common_error::ext::BoxedError;
+use common_error::ext::{BoxedError, ErrorExt};
 use common_meta::cache_invalidator::KvCacheInvalidator;
 use common_meta::error::Error::CacheNotGet;
 use common_meta::error::{CacheNotGetSnafu, Error, ExternalSnafu, GetKvCacheSnafu, Result};
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ use snafu::{OptionExt, ResultExt};

 use crate::metrics::{
    METRIC_CATALOG_KV_BATCH_GET, METRIC_CATALOG_KV_GET, METRIC_CATALOG_KV_REMOTE_GET,
+    METRIC_META_CLIENT_GET,
 };

 const DEFAULT_CACHE_MAX_CAPACITY: u64 = 10000;
@@ -292,7 +293,7 @@ impl KvBackend for CachedKvBackend {
        }
        .map_err(|e| {
            GetKvCacheSnafu {
-                err_msg: e.to_string(),
+                err_msg: e.output_msg(),
            }
            .build()
        });
@@ -303,7 +304,7 @@ impl KvBackend for CachedKvBackend {
            .lock()
            .unwrap()
            .as_ref()
-            .is_some_and(|v| !self.validate_version(*v))
+            .map_or(false, |v| !self.validate_version(*v))
        {
            self.cache.invalidate(key).await;
        }
@@ -445,6 +446,8 @@ impl KvBackend for MetaKvBackend {
    }

    async fn get(&self, key: &[u8]) -> Result<Option<KeyValue>> {
+        let _timer = METRIC_META_CLIENT_GET.start_timer();
+
        let mut response = self
            .client
            .range(RangeRequest::new().with_key(key))
--- a/src/catalog/src/kvbackend/manager.rs
+++ b/src/catalog/src/kvbackend/manager.rs
@@ -38,7 +38,6 @@ use partition::manager::{PartitionRuleManager, PartitionRuleManagerRef};
 use session::context::{Channel, QueryContext};
 use snafu::prelude::*;
 use table::dist_table::DistTable;
-use table::metadata::TableId;
 use table::table::numbers::{NumbersTable, NUMBERS_TABLE_NAME};
 use table::table_name::TableName;
 use table::TableRef;
@@ -287,28 +286,6 @@ impl CatalogManager for KvBackendCatalogManager {
        return Ok(None);
    }

-    async fn tables_by_ids(
-        &self,
-        catalog: &str,
-        schema: &str,
-        table_ids: &[TableId],
-    ) -> Result<Vec<TableRef>> {
-        let table_info_values = self
-            .table_metadata_manager
-            .table_info_manager()
-            .batch_get(table_ids)
-            .await
-            .context(TableMetadataManagerSnafu)?;
-
-        let tables = table_info_values
-            .into_values()
-            .filter(|t| t.table_info.catalog_name == catalog && t.table_info.schema_name == schema)
-            .map(build_table)
-            .collect::<Result<Vec<_>>>()?;
-
-        Ok(tables)
-    }
-
    fn tables<'a>(
        &'a self,
        catalog: &'a str,
--- a/src/catalog/src/lib.rs
+++ b/src/catalog/src/lib.rs
@@ -41,7 +41,6 @@ pub mod information_schema {
 }

 pub mod table_source;
-
 #[async_trait::async_trait]
 pub trait CatalogManager: Send + Sync {
    fn as_any(&self) -> &dyn Any;
@@ -87,14 +86,6 @@ pub trait CatalogManager: Send + Sync {
        query_ctx: Option<&QueryContext>,
    ) -> Result<Option<TableRef>>;

-    /// Returns the tables by table ids.
-    async fn tables_by_ids(
-        &self,
-        catalog: &str,
-        schema: &str,
-        table_ids: &[TableId],
-    ) -> Result<Vec<TableRef>>;
-
    /// Returns all tables with a stream by catalog and schema.
    fn tables<'a>(
        &'a self,
--- a/src/catalog/src/memory/manager.rs
+++ b/src/catalog/src/memory/manager.rs
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@

 use std::any::Any;
 use std::collections::hash_map::Entry;
-use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet};
+use std::collections::HashMap;
 use std::sync::{Arc, RwLock, Weak};

 use async_stream::{stream, try_stream};
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ use common_meta::kv_backend::memory::MemoryKvBackend;
 use futures_util::stream::BoxStream;
 use session::context::QueryContext;
 use snafu::OptionExt;
-use table::metadata::TableId;
 use table::TableRef;

 use crate::error::{CatalogNotFoundSnafu, Result, SchemaNotFoundSnafu, TableExistsSnafu};
@@ -144,33 +143,6 @@ impl CatalogManager for MemoryCatalogManager {
        Ok(result)
    }

-    async fn tables_by_ids(
-        &self,
-        catalog: &str,
-        schema: &str,
-        table_ids: &[TableId],
-    ) -> Result<Vec<TableRef>> {
-        let catalogs = self.catalogs.read().unwrap();
-
-        let schemas = catalogs.get(catalog).context(CatalogNotFoundSnafu {
-            catalog_name: catalog,
-        })?;
-
-        let tables = schemas
-            .get(schema)
-            .context(SchemaNotFoundSnafu { catalog, schema })?;
-
-        let filter_ids: HashSet<_> = table_ids.iter().collect();
-        // It is very inefficient, but we do not need to optimize it since it will not be called in `MemoryCatalogManager`.
-        let tables = tables
-            .values()
-            .filter(|t| filter_ids.contains(&t.table_info().table_id()))
-            .cloned()
-            .collect::<Vec<_>>();
-
-        Ok(tables)
-    }
-
    fn tables<'a>(
        &'a self,
        catalog: &'a str,
--- a/src/catalog/src/metrics.rs
+++ b/src/catalog/src/metrics.rs
@@ -34,4 +34,6 @@ lazy_static! {
        register_histogram!("greptime_catalog_kv_get", "catalog kv get").unwrap();
    pub static ref METRIC_CATALOG_KV_BATCH_GET: Histogram =
        register_histogram!("greptime_catalog_kv_batch_get", "catalog kv batch get").unwrap();
+    pub static ref METRIC_META_CLIENT_GET: Histogram =
+        register_histogram!("greptime_meta_client_get", "meta client get").unwrap();
 }
--- a/src/catalog/src/system_schema.rs
+++ b/src/catalog/src/system_schema.rs
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ trait SystemSchemaProviderInner {
    fn system_table(&self, name: &str) -> Option<SystemTableRef>;

    fn table_info(catalog_name: String, table: &SystemTableRef) -> TableInfoRef {
-        let table_meta = TableMetaBuilder::empty()
+        let table_meta = TableMetaBuilder::default()
            .schema(table.schema())
            .primary_key_indices(vec![])
            .next_column_id(0)
--- a/src/catalog/src/system_schema/information_schema/cluster_info.rs
+++ b/src/catalog/src/system_schema/information_schema/cluster_info.rs
@@ -64,7 +64,6 @@ const INIT_CAPACITY: usize = 42;
 /// - `uptime`: the uptime of the peer.
 /// - `active_time`: the time since the last activity of the peer.
 ///
-#[derive(Debug)]
 pub(super) struct InformationSchemaClusterInfo {
    schema: SchemaRef,
    catalog_manager: Weak<dyn CatalogManager>,
--- a/src/catalog/src/system_schema/information_schema/columns.rs
+++ b/src/catalog/src/system_schema/information_schema/columns.rs
@@ -45,7 +45,6 @@ use crate::error::{
 use crate::information_schema::Predicates;
 use crate::CatalogManager;

-#[derive(Debug)]
 pub(super) struct InformationSchemaColumns {
    schema: SchemaRef,
    catalog_name: String,
@@ -365,6 +364,10 @@ impl InformationSchemaColumnsBuilder {
            self.numeric_scales.push(None);

            match &column_schema.data_type {
+                ConcreteDataType::DateTime(datetime_type) => {
+                    self.datetime_precisions
+                        .push(Some(datetime_type.precision() as i64));
+                }
                ConcreteDataType::Timestamp(ts_type) => {
                    self.datetime_precisions
                        .push(Some(ts_type.precision() as i64));
--- a/src/catalog/src/system_schema/information_schema/flows.rs
+++ b/src/catalog/src/system_schema/information_schema/flows.rs
@@ -28,19 +28,16 @@ use datafusion::physical_plan::streaming::PartitionStream as DfPartitionStream;
 use datatypes::prelude::ConcreteDataType as CDT;
 use datatypes::scalars::ScalarVectorBuilder;
 use datatypes::schema::{ColumnSchema, Schema, SchemaRef};
-use datatypes::timestamp::TimestampMillisecond;
 use datatypes::value::Value;
 use datatypes::vectors::{
-    Int64VectorBuilder, StringVectorBuilder, TimestampMillisecondVectorBuilder,
-    UInt32VectorBuilder, UInt64VectorBuilder, VectorRef,
+    Int64VectorBuilder, StringVectorBuilder, UInt32VectorBuilder, UInt64VectorBuilder, VectorRef,
 };
 use futures::TryStreamExt;
 use snafu::{OptionExt, ResultExt};
 use store_api::storage::{ScanRequest, TableId};

 use crate::error::{
-    CreateRecordBatchSnafu, FlowInfoNotFoundSnafu, InternalSnafu, JsonSnafu, ListFlowsSnafu,
-    Result, UpgradeWeakCatalogManagerRefSnafu,
+    CreateRecordBatchSnafu, FlowInfoNotFoundSnafu, InternalSnafu, JsonSnafu, ListFlowsSnafu, Result,
 };
 use crate::information_schema::{Predicates, FLOWS};
 use crate::system_schema::information_schema::InformationTable;
@@ -62,13 +59,9 @@ pub const SOURCE_TABLE_IDS: &str = "source_table_ids";
 pub const SINK_TABLE_NAME: &str = "sink_table_name";
 pub const FLOWNODE_IDS: &str = "flownode_ids";
 pub const OPTIONS: &str = "options";
-pub const CREATED_TIME: &str = "created_time";
-pub const UPDATED_TIME: &str = "updated_time";
-pub const LAST_EXECUTION_TIME: &str = "last_execution_time";
-pub const SOURCE_TABLE_NAMES: &str = "source_table_names";

 /// The `information_schema.flows` to provides information about flows in databases.
-#[derive(Debug)]
+///
 pub(super) struct InformationSchemaFlows {
    schema: SchemaRef,
    catalog_name: String,
@@ -106,14 +99,6 @@ impl InformationSchemaFlows {
                (SINK_TABLE_NAME, CDT::string_datatype(), false),
                (FLOWNODE_IDS, CDT::string_datatype(), true),
                (OPTIONS, CDT::string_datatype(), true),
-                (CREATED_TIME, CDT::timestamp_millisecond_datatype(), false),
-                (UPDATED_TIME, CDT::timestamp_millisecond_datatype(), false),
-                (
-                    LAST_EXECUTION_TIME,
-                    CDT::timestamp_millisecond_datatype(),
-                    true,
-                ),
-                (SOURCE_TABLE_NAMES, CDT::string_datatype(), true),
            ]
            .into_iter()
            .map(|(name, ty, nullable)| ColumnSchema::new(name, ty, nullable))
@@ -185,10 +170,6 @@ struct InformationSchemaFlowsBuilder {
    sink_table_names: StringVectorBuilder,
    flownode_id_groups: StringVectorBuilder,
    option_groups: StringVectorBuilder,
-    created_time: TimestampMillisecondVectorBuilder,
-    updated_time: TimestampMillisecondVectorBuilder,
-    last_execution_time: TimestampMillisecondVectorBuilder,
-    source_table_names: StringVectorBuilder,
 }

 impl InformationSchemaFlowsBuilder {
@@ -215,10 +196,6 @@ impl InformationSchemaFlowsBuilder {
            sink_table_names: StringVectorBuilder::with_capacity(INIT_CAPACITY),
            flownode_id_groups: StringVectorBuilder::with_capacity(INIT_CAPACITY),
            option_groups: StringVectorBuilder::with_capacity(INIT_CAPACITY),
-            created_time: TimestampMillisecondVectorBuilder::with_capacity(INIT_CAPACITY),
-            updated_time: TimestampMillisecondVectorBuilder::with_capacity(INIT_CAPACITY),
-            last_execution_time: TimestampMillisecondVectorBuilder::with_capacity(INIT_CAPACITY),
-            source_table_names: StringVectorBuilder::with_capacity(INIT_CAPACITY),
        }
    }

@@ -258,14 +235,13 @@ impl InformationSchemaFlowsBuilder {
                    catalog_name: catalog_name.to_string(),
                    flow_name: flow_name.to_string(),
                })?;
-            self.add_flow(&predicates, flow_id.flow_id(), flow_info, &flow_stat)
-                .await?;
+            self.add_flow(&predicates, flow_id.flow_id(), flow_info, &flow_stat)?;
        }

        self.finish()
    }

-    async fn add_flow(
+    fn add_flow(
        &mut self,
        predicates: &Predicates,
        flow_id: FlowId,
@@ -314,36 +290,6 @@ impl InformationSchemaFlowsBuilder {
                    input: format!("{:?}", flow_info.options()),
                },
            )?));
-        self.created_time
-            .push(Some(flow_info.created_time().timestamp_millis().into()));
-        self.updated_time
-            .push(Some(flow_info.updated_time().timestamp_millis().into()));
-        self.last_execution_time
-            .push(flow_stat.as_ref().and_then(|state| {
-                state
-                    .last_exec_time_map
-                    .get(&flow_id)
-                    .map(|v| TimestampMillisecond::new(*v))
-            }));
-
-        let mut source_table_names = vec![];
-        let catalog_name = self.catalog_name.clone();
-        let catalog_manager = self
-            .catalog_manager
-            .upgrade()
-            .context(UpgradeWeakCatalogManagerRefSnafu)?;
-        for schema_name in catalog_manager.schema_names(&catalog_name, None).await? {
-            source_table_names.extend(
-                catalog_manager
-                    .tables_by_ids(&catalog_name, &schema_name, flow_info.source_table_ids())
-                    .await?
-                    .into_iter()
-                    .map(|table| table.table_info().full_table_name()),
-            );
-        }
-
-        let source_table_names = source_table_names.join(",");
-        self.source_table_names.push(Some(&source_table_names));

        Ok(())
    }
@@ -361,10 +307,6 @@ impl InformationSchemaFlowsBuilder {
            Arc::new(self.sink_table_names.finish()),
            Arc::new(self.flownode_id_groups.finish()),
            Arc::new(self.option_groups.finish()),
-            Arc::new(self.created_time.finish()),
-            Arc::new(self.updated_time.finish()),
-            Arc::new(self.last_execution_time.finish()),
-            Arc::new(self.source_table_names.finish()),
        ];
        RecordBatch::new(self.schema.clone(), columns).context(CreateRecordBatchSnafu)
    }
--- a/src/catalog/src/system_schema/information_schema/information_memory_table.rs
+++ b/src/catalog/src/system_schema/information_schema/information_memory_table.rs
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ use datatypes::vectors::{Int64Vector, StringVector, VectorRef};

 use super::table_names::*;
 use crate::system_schema::utils::tables::{
-    bigint_column, string_column, string_columns, timestamp_micro_column,
+    bigint_column, datetime_column, string_column, string_columns,
 };

 const NO_VALUE: &str = "NO";
@@ -163,17 +163,17 @@ pub(super) fn get_schema_columns(table_name: &str) -> (SchemaRef, Vec<VectorRef>
                string_column("EVENT_BODY"),
                string_column("EVENT_DEFINITION"),
                string_column("EVENT_TYPE"),
-                timestamp_micro_column("EXECUTE_AT"),
+                datetime_column("EXECUTE_AT"),
                bigint_column("INTERVAL_VALUE"),
                string_column("INTERVAL_FIELD"),
                string_column("SQL_MODE"),
-                timestamp_micro_column("STARTS"),
-                timestamp_micro_column("ENDS"),
+                datetime_column("STARTS"),
+                datetime_column("ENDS"),
                string_column("STATUS"),
                string_column("ON_COMPLETION"),
-                timestamp_micro_column("CREATED"),
-                timestamp_micro_column("LAST_ALTERED"),
-                timestamp_micro_column("LAST_EXECUTED"),
+                datetime_column("CREATED"),
+                datetime_column("LAST_ALTERED"),
+                datetime_column("LAST_EXECUTED"),
                string_column("EVENT_COMMENT"),
                bigint_column("ORIGINATOR"),
                string_column("CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT"),
@@ -204,10 +204,10 @@ pub(super) fn get_schema_columns(table_name: &str) -> (SchemaRef, Vec<VectorRef>
                bigint_column("INITIAL_SIZE"),
                bigint_column("MAXIMUM_SIZE"),
                bigint_column("AUTOEXTEND_SIZE"),
-                timestamp_micro_column("CREATION_TIME"),
-                timestamp_micro_column("LAST_UPDATE_TIME"),
-                timestamp_micro_column("LAST_ACCESS_TIME"),
-                timestamp_micro_column("RECOVER_TIME"),
+                datetime_column("CREATION_TIME"),
+                datetime_column("LAST_UPDATE_TIME"),
+                datetime_column("LAST_ACCESS_TIME"),
+                datetime_column("RECOVER_TIME"),
                bigint_column("TRANSACTION_COUNTER"),
                string_column("VERSION"),
                string_column("ROW_FORMAT"),
@@ -217,9 +217,9 @@ pub(super) fn get_schema_columns(table_name: &str) -> (SchemaRef, Vec<VectorRef>
                bigint_column("MAX_DATA_LENGTH"),
                bigint_column("INDEX_LENGTH"),
                bigint_column("DATA_FREE"),
-                timestamp_micro_column("CREATE_TIME"),
-                timestamp_micro_column("UPDATE_TIME"),
-                timestamp_micro_column("CHECK_TIME"),
+                datetime_column("CREATE_TIME"),
+                datetime_column("UPDATE_TIME"),
+                datetime_column("CHECK_TIME"),
                string_column("CHECKSUM"),
                string_column("STATUS"),
                string_column("EXTRA"),
@@ -330,8 +330,8 @@ pub(super) fn get_schema_columns(table_name: &str) -> (SchemaRef, Vec<VectorRef>
                string_column("SQL_DATA_ACCESS"),
                string_column("SQL_PATH"),
                string_column("SECURITY_TYPE"),
-                timestamp_micro_column("CREATED"),
-                timestamp_micro_column("LAST_ALTERED"),
+                datetime_column("CREATED"),
+                datetime_column("LAST_ALTERED"),
                string_column("SQL_MODE"),
                string_column("ROUTINE_COMMENT"),
                string_column("DEFINER"),
@@ -383,7 +383,7 @@ pub(super) fn get_schema_columns(table_name: &str) -> (SchemaRef, Vec<VectorRef>
                string_column("ACTION_REFERENCE_NEW_TABLE"),
                string_column("ACTION_REFERENCE_OLD_ROW"),
                string_column("ACTION_REFERENCE_NEW_ROW"),
-                timestamp_micro_column("CREATED"),
+                datetime_column("CREATED"),
                string_column("SQL_MODE"),
                string_column("DEFINER"),
                string_column("CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT"),
--- a/src/catalog/src/system_schema/information_schema/key_column_usage.rs
+++ b/src/catalog/src/system_schema/information_schema/key_column_usage.rs
@@ -58,11 +58,8 @@ pub(crate) const TIME_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_NAME: &str = "TIME INDEX";
 pub(crate) const INVERTED_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_NAME: &str = "INVERTED INDEX";
 /// Fulltext index constraint name
 pub(crate) const FULLTEXT_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_NAME: &str = "FULLTEXT INDEX";
-/// Skipping index constraint name
-pub(crate) const SKIPPING_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_NAME: &str = "SKIPPING INDEX";

 /// The virtual table implementation for `information_schema.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE`.
-#[derive(Debug)]
 pub(super) struct InformationSchemaKeyColumnUsage {
    schema: SchemaRef,
    catalog_name: String,
@@ -249,12 +246,10 @@ impl InformationSchemaKeyColumnUsageBuilder {
                    if column.is_inverted_indexed() {
                        constraints.push(INVERTED_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_NAME);
                    }
-                    if column.is_fulltext_indexed() {
+
+                    if column.has_fulltext_index_key() {
                        constraints.push(FULLTEXT_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_NAME);
                    }
-                    if column.is_skipping_indexed() {
-                        constraints.push(SKIPPING_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_NAME);
-                    }

                    if !constraints.is_empty() {
                        let aggregated_constraints = constraints.join(", ");
--- a/src/catalog/src/system_schema/information_schema/partitions.rs
+++ b/src/catalog/src/system_schema/information_schema/partitions.rs
@@ -20,18 +20,17 @@ use common_catalog::consts::INFORMATION_SCHEMA_PARTITIONS_TABLE_ID;
 use common_error::ext::BoxedError;
 use common_recordbatch::adapter::RecordBatchStreamAdapter;
 use common_recordbatch::{RecordBatch, SendableRecordBatchStream};
+use common_time::datetime::DateTime;
 use datafusion::execution::TaskContext;
 use datafusion::physical_plan::stream::RecordBatchStreamAdapter as DfRecordBatchStreamAdapter;
 use datafusion::physical_plan::streaming::PartitionStream as DfPartitionStream;
 use datafusion::physical_plan::SendableRecordBatchStream as DfSendableRecordBatchStream;
 use datatypes::prelude::{ConcreteDataType, ScalarVectorBuilder, VectorRef};
 use datatypes::schema::{ColumnSchema, Schema, SchemaRef};
-use datatypes::timestamp::TimestampMicrosecond;
 use datatypes::value::Value;
 use datatypes::vectors::{
-    ConstantVector, Int64Vector, Int64VectorBuilder, MutableVector, StringVector,
-    StringVectorBuilder, TimestampMicrosecondVector, TimestampMicrosecondVectorBuilder,
-    UInt64VectorBuilder,
+    ConstantVector, DateTimeVector, DateTimeVectorBuilder, Int64Vector, Int64VectorBuilder,
+    MutableVector, StringVector, StringVectorBuilder, UInt64VectorBuilder,
 };
 use futures::{StreamExt, TryStreamExt};
 use partition::manager::PartitionInfo;
@@ -60,7 +59,6 @@ const INIT_CAPACITY: usize = 42;
 /// The `PARTITIONS` table provides information about partitioned tables.
 /// See https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/information-schema-partitions-table.html
 /// We provide an extral column `greptime_partition_id` for GreptimeDB region id.
-#[derive(Debug)]
 pub(super) struct InformationSchemaPartitions {
    schema: SchemaRef,
    catalog_name: String,
@@ -128,21 +126,9 @@ impl InformationSchemaPartitions {
            ColumnSchema::new("max_data_length", ConcreteDataType::int64_datatype(), true),
            ColumnSchema::new("index_length", ConcreteDataType::int64_datatype(), true),
            ColumnSchema::new("data_free", ConcreteDataType::int64_datatype(), true),
-            ColumnSchema::new(
-                "create_time",
-                ConcreteDataType::timestamp_microsecond_datatype(),
-                true,
-            ),
-            ColumnSchema::new(
-                "update_time",
-                ConcreteDataType::timestamp_microsecond_datatype(),
-                true,
-            ),
-            ColumnSchema::new(
-                "check_time",
-                ConcreteDataType::timestamp_microsecond_datatype(),
-                true,
-            ),
+            ColumnSchema::new("create_time", ConcreteDataType::datetime_datatype(), true),
+            ColumnSchema::new("update_time", ConcreteDataType::datetime_datatype(), true),
+            ColumnSchema::new("check_time", ConcreteDataType::datetime_datatype(), true),
            ColumnSchema::new("checksum", ConcreteDataType::int64_datatype(), true),
            ColumnSchema::new(
                "partition_comment",
@@ -213,7 +199,7 @@ struct InformationSchemaPartitionsBuilder {
    partition_names: StringVectorBuilder,
    partition_ordinal_positions: Int64VectorBuilder,
    partition_expressions: StringVectorBuilder,
-    create_times: TimestampMicrosecondVectorBuilder,
+    create_times: DateTimeVectorBuilder,
    partition_ids: UInt64VectorBuilder,
 }

@@ -233,7 +219,7 @@ impl InformationSchemaPartitionsBuilder {
            partition_names: StringVectorBuilder::with_capacity(INIT_CAPACITY),
            partition_ordinal_positions: Int64VectorBuilder::with_capacity(INIT_CAPACITY),
            partition_expressions: StringVectorBuilder::with_capacity(INIT_CAPACITY),
-            create_times: TimestampMicrosecondVectorBuilder::with_capacity(INIT_CAPACITY),
+            create_times: DateTimeVectorBuilder::with_capacity(INIT_CAPACITY),
            partition_ids: UInt64VectorBuilder::with_capacity(INIT_CAPACITY),
        }
    }
@@ -337,7 +323,7 @@ impl InformationSchemaPartitionsBuilder {
            };

            self.partition_expressions.push(expressions.as_deref());
-            self.create_times.push(Some(TimestampMicrosecond::from(
+            self.create_times.push(Some(DateTime::from(
                table_info.meta.created_on.timestamp_millis(),
            )));
            self.partition_ids.push(Some(partition.id.as_u64()));
@@ -355,8 +341,8 @@ impl InformationSchemaPartitionsBuilder {
            Arc::new(Int64Vector::from(vec![None])),
            rows_num,
        ));
-        let null_timestampmicrosecond_vector = Arc::new(ConstantVector::new(
-            Arc::new(TimestampMicrosecondVector::from(vec![None])),
+        let null_datetime_vector = Arc::new(ConstantVector::new(
+            Arc::new(DateTimeVector::from(vec![None])),
            rows_num,
        ));
        let partition_methods = Arc::new(ConstantVector::new(
@@ -386,8 +372,8 @@ impl InformationSchemaPartitionsBuilder {
            null_i64_vector.clone(),
            Arc::new(self.create_times.finish()),
            // TODO(dennis): supports update_time
-            null_timestampmicrosecond_vector.clone(),
-            null_timestampmicrosecond_vector,
+            null_datetime_vector.clone(),
+            null_datetime_vector,
            null_i64_vector,
            null_string_vector.clone(),
            null_string_vector.clone(),
--- a/src/catalog/src/system_schema/information_schema/procedure_info.rs
+++ b/src/catalog/src/system_schema/information_schema/procedure_info.rs
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ const INIT_CAPACITY: usize = 42;
 /// - `end_time`: the ending execution time of the procedure.
 /// - `status`: the status of the procedure.
 /// - `lock_keys`: the lock keys of the procedure.
-#[derive(Debug)]
+///
 pub(super) struct InformationSchemaProcedureInfo {
    schema: SchemaRef,
    catalog_manager: Weak<dyn CatalogManager>,
--- a/src/catalog/src/system_schema/information_schema/region_peers.rs
+++ b/src/catalog/src/system_schema/information_schema/region_peers.rs
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ const INIT_CAPACITY: usize = 42;
 /// - `is_leader`: whether the peer is the leader
 /// - `status`: the region status, `ALIVE` or `DOWNGRADED`.
 /// - `down_seconds`: the duration of being offline, in seconds.
-#[derive(Debug)]
+///
 pub(super) struct InformationSchemaRegionPeers {
    schema: SchemaRef,
    catalog_name: String,
--- a/src/catalog/src/system_schema/information_schema/region_statistics.rs
+++ b/src/catalog/src/system_schema/information_schema/region_statistics.rs
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ const INIT_CAPACITY: usize = 42;
 /// - `index_size`: The sst index files size in bytes.
 /// - `engine`: The engine type.
 /// - `region_role`: The region role.
-#[derive(Debug)]
+///
 pub(super) struct InformationSchemaRegionStatistics {
    schema: SchemaRef,
    catalog_manager: Weak<dyn CatalogManager>,
--- a/src/catalog/src/system_schema/information_schema/runtime_metrics.rs
+++ b/src/catalog/src/system_schema/information_schema/runtime_metrics.rs
@@ -38,7 +38,6 @@ use store_api::storage::{ScanRequest, TableId};
 use super::{InformationTable, RUNTIME_METRICS};
 use crate::error::{CreateRecordBatchSnafu, InternalSnafu, Result};

-#[derive(Debug)]
 pub(super) struct InformationSchemaMetrics {
    schema: SchemaRef,
 }
--- a/src/catalog/src/system_schema/information_schema/schemata.rs
+++ b/src/catalog/src/system_schema/information_schema/schemata.rs
@@ -49,7 +49,6 @@ pub const SCHEMA_OPTS: &str = "options";
 const INIT_CAPACITY: usize = 42;

 /// The `information_schema.schemata` table implementation.
-#[derive(Debug)]
 pub(super) struct InformationSchemaSchemata {
    schema: SchemaRef,
    catalog_name: String,
--- a/src/catalog/src/system_schema/information_schema/table_constraints.rs
+++ b/src/catalog/src/system_schema/information_schema/table_constraints.rs
@@ -43,7 +43,6 @@ use crate::information_schema::Predicates;
 use crate::CatalogManager;

 /// The `TABLE_CONSTRAINTS` table describes which tables have constraints.
-#[derive(Debug)]
 pub(super) struct InformationSchemaTableConstraints {
    schema: SchemaRef,
    catalog_name: String,
--- a/src/catalog/src/system_schema/information_schema/tables.rs
+++ b/src/catalog/src/system_schema/information_schema/tables.rs
@@ -30,8 +30,7 @@ use datatypes::prelude::{ConcreteDataType, ScalarVectorBuilder, VectorRef};
 use datatypes::schema::{ColumnSchema, Schema, SchemaRef};
 use datatypes::value::Value;
 use datatypes::vectors::{
-    StringVectorBuilder, TimestampMicrosecondVectorBuilder, UInt32VectorBuilder,
-    UInt64VectorBuilder,
+    DateTimeVectorBuilder, StringVectorBuilder, UInt32VectorBuilder, UInt64VectorBuilder,
 };
 use futures::TryStreamExt;
 use snafu::{OptionExt, ResultExt};
@@ -72,7 +71,6 @@ const TABLE_ID: &str = "table_id";
 pub const ENGINE: &str = "engine";
 const INIT_CAPACITY: usize = 42;

-#[derive(Debug)]
 pub(super) struct InformationSchemaTables {
    schema: SchemaRef,
    catalog_name: String,
@@ -106,21 +104,9 @@ impl InformationSchemaTables {
            ColumnSchema::new(TABLE_ROWS, ConcreteDataType::uint64_datatype(), true),
            ColumnSchema::new(DATA_FREE, ConcreteDataType::uint64_datatype(), true),
            ColumnSchema::new(AUTO_INCREMENT, ConcreteDataType::uint64_datatype(), true),
-            ColumnSchema::new(
-                CREATE_TIME,
-                ConcreteDataType::timestamp_microsecond_datatype(),
-                true,
-            ),
-            ColumnSchema::new(
-                UPDATE_TIME,
-                ConcreteDataType::timestamp_microsecond_datatype(),
-                true,
-            ),
-            ColumnSchema::new(
-                CHECK_TIME,
-                ConcreteDataType::timestamp_microsecond_datatype(),
-                true,
-            ),
+            ColumnSchema::new(CREATE_TIME, ConcreteDataType::datetime_datatype(), true),
+            ColumnSchema::new(UPDATE_TIME, ConcreteDataType::datetime_datatype(), true),
+            ColumnSchema::new(CHECK_TIME, ConcreteDataType::datetime_datatype(), true),
            ColumnSchema::new(TABLE_COLLATION, ConcreteDataType::string_datatype(), true),
            ColumnSchema::new(CHECKSUM, ConcreteDataType::uint64_datatype(), true),
            ColumnSchema::new(CREATE_OPTIONS, ConcreteDataType::string_datatype(), true),
@@ -195,9 +181,9 @@ struct InformationSchemaTablesBuilder {
    max_index_length: UInt64VectorBuilder,
    data_free: UInt64VectorBuilder,
    auto_increment: UInt64VectorBuilder,
-    create_time: TimestampMicrosecondVectorBuilder,
-    update_time: TimestampMicrosecondVectorBuilder,
-    check_time: TimestampMicrosecondVectorBuilder,
+    create_time: DateTimeVectorBuilder,
+    update_time: DateTimeVectorBuilder,
+    check_time: DateTimeVectorBuilder,
    table_collation: StringVectorBuilder,
    checksum: UInt64VectorBuilder,
    create_options: StringVectorBuilder,
@@ -232,9 +218,9 @@ impl InformationSchemaTablesBuilder {
            max_index_length: UInt64VectorBuilder::with_capacity(INIT_CAPACITY),
            data_free: UInt64VectorBuilder::with_capacity(INIT_CAPACITY),
            auto_increment: UInt64VectorBuilder::with_capacity(INIT_CAPACITY),
-            create_time: TimestampMicrosecondVectorBuilder::with_capacity(INIT_CAPACITY),
-            update_time: TimestampMicrosecondVectorBuilder::with_capacity(INIT_CAPACITY),
-            check_time: TimestampMicrosecondVectorBuilder::with_capacity(INIT_CAPACITY),
+            create_time: DateTimeVectorBuilder::with_capacity(INIT_CAPACITY),
+            update_time: DateTimeVectorBuilder::with_capacity(INIT_CAPACITY),
+            check_time: DateTimeVectorBuilder::with_capacity(INIT_CAPACITY),
            table_collation: StringVectorBuilder::with_capacity(INIT_CAPACITY),
            checksum: UInt64VectorBuilder::with_capacity(INIT_CAPACITY),
            create_options: StringVectorBuilder::with_capacity(INIT_CAPACITY),
--- a/src/catalog/src/system_schema/information_schema/views.rs
+++ b/src/catalog/src/system_schema/information_schema/views.rs
@@ -54,7 +54,6 @@ pub const CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT: &str = "character_set_client";
 pub const COLLATION_CONNECTION: &str = "collation_connection";

 /// The `information_schema.views` to provides information about views in databases.
-#[derive(Debug)]
 pub(super) struct InformationSchemaViews {
    schema: SchemaRef,
    catalog_name: String,
--- a/src/catalog/src/system_schema/memory_table.rs
+++ b/src/catalog/src/system_schema/memory_table.rs
@@ -33,7 +33,6 @@ use super::SystemTable;
 use crate::error::{CreateRecordBatchSnafu, InternalSnafu, Result};

 /// A memory table with specified schema and columns.
-#[derive(Debug)]
 pub(crate) struct MemoryTable {
    pub(crate) table_id: TableId,
    pub(crate) table_name: &'static str,
--- a/src/catalog/src/system_schema/pg_catalog.rs
+++ b/src/catalog/src/system_schema/pg_catalog.rs
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@

 mod pg_catalog_memory_table;
 mod pg_class;
-mod pg_database;
 mod pg_namespace;
 mod table_names;

@@ -27,7 +26,6 @@ use lazy_static::lazy_static;
 use paste::paste;
 use pg_catalog_memory_table::get_schema_columns;
 use pg_class::PGClass;
-use pg_database::PGDatabase;
 use pg_namespace::PGNamespace;
 use session::context::{Channel, QueryContext};
 use table::TableRef;
@@ -115,10 +113,6 @@ impl PGCatalogProvider {
            PG_CLASS.to_string(),
            self.build_table(PG_CLASS).expect(PG_NAMESPACE),
        );
-        tables.insert(
-            PG_DATABASE.to_string(),
-            self.build_table(PG_DATABASE).expect(PG_DATABASE),
-        );
        self.tables = tables;
    }
 }
@@ -141,11 +135,6 @@ impl SystemSchemaProviderInner for PGCatalogProvider {
                self.catalog_manager.clone(),
                self.namespace_oid_map.clone(),
            ))),
-            table_names::PG_DATABASE => Some(Arc::new(PGDatabase::new(
-                self.catalog_name.clone(),
-                self.catalog_manager.clone(),
-                self.namespace_oid_map.clone(),
-            ))),
            _ => None,
        }
    }
--- a/src/catalog/src/system_schema/pg_catalog/pg_class.rs
+++ b/src/catalog/src/system_schema/pg_catalog/pg_class.rs
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.

-use std::fmt;
 use std::sync::{Arc, Weak};

 use arrow_schema::SchemaRef as ArrowSchemaRef;
@@ -101,15 +100,6 @@ impl PGClass {
    }
 }

-impl fmt::Debug for PGClass {
-    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
-        f.debug_struct("PGClass")
-            .field("schema", &self.schema)
-            .field("catalog_name", &self.catalog_name)
-            .finish()
-    }
-}
-
 impl SystemTable for PGClass {
    fn table_id(&self) -> table::metadata::TableId {
        PG_CATALOG_PG_CLASS_TABLE_ID
--- a/src/catalog/src/system_schema/pg_catalog/pg_database.rs
+++ b/src/catalog/src/system_schema/pg_catalog/pg_database.rs
@@ -1,223 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2023 Greptime Team
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-use std::sync::{Arc, Weak};
-
-use arrow_schema::SchemaRef as ArrowSchemaRef;
-use common_catalog::consts::PG_CATALOG_PG_DATABASE_TABLE_ID;
-use common_error::ext::BoxedError;
-use common_recordbatch::adapter::RecordBatchStreamAdapter;
-use common_recordbatch::{DfSendableRecordBatchStream, RecordBatch};
-use datafusion::execution::TaskContext;
-use datafusion::physical_plan::stream::RecordBatchStreamAdapter as DfRecordBatchStreamAdapter;
-use datafusion::physical_plan::streaming::PartitionStream as DfPartitionStream;
-use datatypes::scalars::ScalarVectorBuilder;
-use datatypes::schema::{Schema, SchemaRef};
-use datatypes::value::Value;
-use datatypes::vectors::{StringVectorBuilder, UInt32VectorBuilder, VectorRef};
-use snafu::{OptionExt, ResultExt};
-use store_api::storage::ScanRequest;
-
-use super::pg_namespace::oid_map::PGNamespaceOidMapRef;
-use super::{query_ctx, OID_COLUMN_NAME, PG_DATABASE};
-use crate::error::{
-    CreateRecordBatchSnafu, InternalSnafu, Result, UpgradeWeakCatalogManagerRefSnafu,
-};
-use crate::information_schema::Predicates;
-use crate::system_schema::utils::tables::{string_column, u32_column};
-use crate::system_schema::SystemTable;
-use crate::CatalogManager;
-
-// === column name ===
-pub const DATNAME: &str = "datname";
-
-/// The initial capacity of the vector builders.
-const INIT_CAPACITY: usize = 42;
-
-/// The `pg_catalog.database` table implementation.
-pub(super) struct PGDatabase {
-    schema: SchemaRef,
-    catalog_name: String,
-    catalog_manager: Weak<dyn CatalogManager>,
-
-    // Workaround to convert schema_name to a numeric id
-    namespace_oid_map: PGNamespaceOidMapRef,
-}
-
-impl std::fmt::Debug for PGDatabase {
-    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
-        f.debug_struct("PGDatabase")
-            .field("schema", &self.schema)
-            .field("catalog_name", &self.catalog_name)
-            .finish()
-    }
-}
-
-impl PGDatabase {
-    pub(super) fn new(
-        catalog_name: String,
-        catalog_manager: Weak<dyn CatalogManager>,
-        namespace_oid_map: PGNamespaceOidMapRef,
-    ) -> Self {
-        Self {
-            schema: Self::schema(),
-            catalog_name,
-            catalog_manager,
-            namespace_oid_map,
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn schema() -> SchemaRef {
-        Arc::new(Schema::new(vec![
-            u32_column(OID_COLUMN_NAME),
-            string_column(DATNAME),
-        ]))
-    }
-
-    fn builder(&self) -> PGCDatabaseBuilder {
-        PGCDatabaseBuilder::new(
-            self.schema.clone(),
-            self.catalog_name.clone(),
-            self.catalog_manager.clone(),
-            self.namespace_oid_map.clone(),
-        )
-    }
-}
-
-impl DfPartitionStream for PGDatabase {
-    fn schema(&self) -> &ArrowSchemaRef {
-        self.schema.arrow_schema()
-    }
-
-    fn execute(&self, _: Arc<TaskContext>) -> DfSendableRecordBatchStream {
-        let schema = self.schema.arrow_schema().clone();
-        let mut builder = self.builder();
-        Box::pin(DfRecordBatchStreamAdapter::new(
-            schema,
-            futures::stream::once(async move {
-                builder
-                    .make_database(None)
-                    .await
-                    .map(|x| x.into_df_record_batch())
-                    .map_err(Into::into)
-            }),
-        ))
-    }
-}
-
-impl SystemTable for PGDatabase {
-    fn table_id(&self) -> table::metadata::TableId {
-        PG_CATALOG_PG_DATABASE_TABLE_ID
-    }
-
-    fn table_name(&self) -> &'static str {
-        PG_DATABASE
-    }
-
-    fn schema(&self) -> SchemaRef {
-        self.schema.clone()
-    }
-
-    fn to_stream(
-        &self,
-        request: ScanRequest,
-    ) -> Result<common_recordbatch::SendableRecordBatchStream> {
-        let schema = self.schema.arrow_schema().clone();
-        let mut builder = self.builder();
-        let stream = Box::pin(DfRecordBatchStreamAdapter::new(
-            schema,
-            futures::stream::once(async move {
-                builder
-                    .make_database(Some(request))
-                    .await
-                    .map(|x| x.into_df_record_batch())
-                    .map_err(Into::into)
-            }),
-        ));
-        Ok(Box::pin(
-            RecordBatchStreamAdapter::try_new(stream)
-                .map_err(BoxedError::new)
-                .context(InternalSnafu)?,
-        ))
-    }
-}
-
-/// Builds the `pg_catalog.pg_database` table row by row
-/// `oid` use schema name as a workaround since we don't have numeric schema id.
-/// `nspname` is the schema name.
-struct PGCDatabaseBuilder {
-    schema: SchemaRef,
-    catalog_name: String,
-    catalog_manager: Weak<dyn CatalogManager>,
-    namespace_oid_map: PGNamespaceOidMapRef,
-
-    oid: UInt32VectorBuilder,
-    datname: StringVectorBuilder,
-}
-
-impl PGCDatabaseBuilder {
-    fn new(
-        schema: SchemaRef,
-        catalog_name: String,
-        catalog_manager: Weak<dyn CatalogManager>,
-        namespace_oid_map: PGNamespaceOidMapRef,
-    ) -> Self {
-        Self {
-            schema,
-            catalog_name,
-            catalog_manager,
-            namespace_oid_map,
-
-            oid: UInt32VectorBuilder::with_capacity(INIT_CAPACITY),
-            datname: StringVectorBuilder::with_capacity(INIT_CAPACITY),
-        }
-    }
-
-    async fn make_database(&mut self, request: Option<ScanRequest>) -> Result<RecordBatch> {
-        let catalog_name = self.catalog_name.clone();
-        let catalog_manager = self
-            .catalog_manager
-            .upgrade()
-            .context(UpgradeWeakCatalogManagerRefSnafu)?;
-        let predicates = Predicates::from_scan_request(&request);
-        for schema_name in catalog_manager
-            .schema_names(&catalog_name, query_ctx())
-            .await?
-        {
-            self.add_database(&predicates, &schema_name);
-        }
-        self.finish()
-    }
-
-    fn add_database(&mut self, predicates: &Predicates, schema_name: &str) {
-        let oid = self.namespace_oid_map.get_oid(schema_name);
-        let row: [(&str, &Value); 2] = [
-            (OID_COLUMN_NAME, &Value::from(oid)),
-            (DATNAME, &Value::from(schema_name)),
-        ];
-
-        if !predicates.eval(&row) {
-            return;
-        }
-
-        self.oid.push(Some(oid));
-        self.datname.push(Some(schema_name));
-    }
-
-    fn finish(&mut self) -> Result<RecordBatch> {
-        let columns: Vec<VectorRef> =
-            vec![Arc::new(self.oid.finish()), Arc::new(self.datname.finish())];
-        RecordBatch::new(self.schema.clone(), columns).context(CreateRecordBatchSnafu)
-    }
-}
--- a/src/catalog/src/system_schema/pg_catalog/pg_namespace.rs
+++ b/src/catalog/src/system_schema/pg_catalog/pg_namespace.rs
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@

 pub(super) mod oid_map;

-use std::fmt;
 use std::sync::{Arc, Weak};

 use arrow_schema::SchemaRef as ArrowSchemaRef;
@@ -88,15 +87,6 @@ impl PGNamespace {
    }
 }

-impl fmt::Debug for PGNamespace {
-    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
-        f.debug_struct("PGNamespace")
-            .field("schema", &self.schema)
-            .field("catalog_name", &self.catalog_name)
-            .finish()
-    }
-}
-
 impl SystemTable for PGNamespace {
    fn schema(&self) -> SchemaRef {
        self.schema.clone()
--- a/src/catalog/src/system_schema/pg_catalog/table_names.rs
+++ b/src/catalog/src/system_schema/pg_catalog/table_names.rs
@@ -12,11 +12,7 @@
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.

-// https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/catalog-pg-database.html
-pub const PG_DATABASE: &str = "pg_database";
-// https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/catalog-pg-namespace.html
+pub const PG_DATABASE: &str = "pg_databases";
 pub const PG_NAMESPACE: &str = "pg_namespace";
-// https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/catalog-pg-class.html
 pub const PG_CLASS: &str = "pg_class";
-// https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/catalog-pg-type.html
 pub const PG_TYPE: &str = "pg_type";
--- a/src/catalog/src/system_schema/utils/tables.rs
+++ b/src/catalog/src/system_schema/utils/tables.rs
@@ -51,10 +51,10 @@ pub fn bigint_column(name: &str) -> ColumnSchema {
    )
 }

-pub fn timestamp_micro_column(name: &str) -> ColumnSchema {
+pub fn datetime_column(name: &str) -> ColumnSchema {
    ColumnSchema::new(
        str::to_lowercase(name),
-        ConcreteDataType::timestamp_microsecond_datatype(),
+        ConcreteDataType::datetime_datatype(),
        false,
    )
 }
--- a/src/catalog/src/table_source.rs
+++ b/src/catalog/src/table_source.rs
@@ -365,7 +365,7 @@ mod tests {
 Projection: person.id AS a, person.name AS b
  Filter: person.id > Int32(500)
    TableScan: person"#,
-            format!("\n{}", source.get_logical_plan().unwrap())
+            format!("\n{:?}", source.get_logical_plan().unwrap())
        );
    }
 }
--- a/src/catalog/src/table_source/dummy_catalog.rs
+++ b/src/catalog/src/table_source/dummy_catalog.rs
@@ -15,12 +15,12 @@
 //! Dummy catalog for region server.

 use std::any::Any;
-use std::fmt;
 use std::sync::Arc;

 use async_trait::async_trait;
 use common_catalog::format_full_table_name;
-use datafusion::catalog::{CatalogProvider, CatalogProviderList, SchemaProvider};
+use datafusion::catalog::schema::SchemaProvider;
+use datafusion::catalog::{CatalogProvider, CatalogProviderList};
 use datafusion::datasource::TableProvider;
 use snafu::OptionExt;
 use table::table::adapter::DfTableProviderAdapter;
@@ -41,12 +41,6 @@ impl DummyCatalogList {
    }
 }

-impl fmt::Debug for DummyCatalogList {
-    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
-        f.debug_struct("DummyCatalogList").finish()
-    }
-}
-
 impl CatalogProviderList for DummyCatalogList {
    fn as_any(&self) -> &dyn Any {
        self
@@ -97,14 +91,6 @@ impl CatalogProvider for DummyCatalogProvider {
    }
 }

-impl fmt::Debug for DummyCatalogProvider {
-    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
-        f.debug_struct("DummyCatalogProvider")
-            .field("catalog_name", &self.catalog_name)
-            .finish()
-    }
-}
-
 /// A dummy schema provider for [DummyCatalogList].
 #[derive(Clone)]
 struct DummySchemaProvider {
@@ -141,12 +127,3 @@ impl SchemaProvider for DummySchemaProvider {
        true
    }
 }
-
-impl fmt::Debug for DummySchemaProvider {
-    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
-        f.debug_struct("DummySchemaProvider")
-            .field("catalog_name", &self.catalog_name)
-            .field("schema_name", &self.schema_name)
-            .finish()
-    }
-}
--- a/src/cli/Cargo.toml
+++ b/src/cli/Cargo.toml
@@ -4,10 +4,6 @@ version.workspace = true
 edition.workspace = true
 license.workspace = true

-[features]
-pg_kvbackend = ["common-meta/pg_kvbackend"]
-mysql_kvbackend = ["common-meta/mysql_kvbackend"]
-
 [lints]
 workspace = true

@@ -44,10 +40,6 @@ futures.workspace = true
 humantime.workspace = true
 meta-client.workspace = true
 nu-ansi-term = "0.46"
-opendal = { version = "0.51.1", features = [
-    "services-fs",
-    "services-s3",
-] }
 query.workspace = true
 rand.workspace = true
 reqwest.workspace = true
@@ -64,6 +56,7 @@ tokio.workspace = true
 tracing-appender.workspace = true

 [dev-dependencies]
+common-test-util.workspace = true
 common-version.workspace = true
 serde.workspace = true
 tempfile.workspace = true
--- a/src/cli/src/bench.rs
+++ b/src/cli/src/bench.rs
@@ -22,15 +22,9 @@ use clap::Parser;
 use common_error::ext::BoxedError;
 use common_meta::key::{TableMetadataManager, TableMetadataManagerRef};
 use common_meta::kv_backend::etcd::EtcdStore;
-use common_meta::kv_backend::memory::MemoryKvBackend;
-#[cfg(feature = "mysql_kvbackend")]
-use common_meta::kv_backend::rds::MySqlStore;
-#[cfg(feature = "pg_kvbackend")]
-use common_meta::kv_backend::rds::PgStore;
 use common_meta::peer::Peer;
 use common_meta::rpc::router::{Region, RegionRoute};
 use common_telemetry::info;
-use common_wal::options::WalOptions;
 use datatypes::data_type::ConcreteDataType;
 use datatypes::schema::{ColumnSchema, RawSchema};
 use rand::Rng;
@@ -61,47 +55,18 @@ where
 #[derive(Debug, Default, Parser)]
 pub struct BenchTableMetadataCommand {
    #[clap(long)]
-    etcd_addr: Option<String>,
-    #[cfg(feature = "pg_kvbackend")]
-    #[clap(long)]
-    postgres_addr: Option<String>,
-    #[cfg(feature = "mysql_kvbackend")]
-    #[clap(long)]
-    mysql_addr: Option<String>,
+    etcd_addr: String,
    #[clap(long)]
    count: u32,
 }

 impl BenchTableMetadataCommand {
    pub async fn build(&self) -> std::result::Result<Box<dyn Tool>, BoxedError> {
-        let kv_backend = if let Some(etcd_addr) = &self.etcd_addr {
-            info!("Using etcd as kv backend");
-            EtcdStore::with_endpoints([etcd_addr], 128).await.unwrap()
-        } else {
-            Arc::new(MemoryKvBackend::new())
-        };
+        let etcd_store = EtcdStore::with_endpoints([&self.etcd_addr], 128)
+            .await
+            .unwrap();

-        #[cfg(feature = "pg_kvbackend")]
-        let kv_backend = if let Some(postgres_addr) = &self.postgres_addr {
-            info!("Using postgres as kv backend");
-            PgStore::with_url(postgres_addr, "greptime_metakv", 128)
-                .await
-                .unwrap()
-        } else {
-            kv_backend
-        };
-
-        #[cfg(feature = "mysql_kvbackend")]
-        let kv_backend = if let Some(mysql_addr) = &self.mysql_addr {
-            info!("Using mysql as kv backend");
-            MySqlStore::with_url(mysql_addr, "greptime_metakv", 128)
-                .await
-                .unwrap()
-        } else {
-            kv_backend
-        };
-
-        let table_metadata_manager = Arc::new(TableMetadataManager::new(kv_backend));
+        let table_metadata_manager = Arc::new(TableMetadataManager::new(etcd_store));

        let tool = BenchTableMetadata {
            table_metadata_manager,
@@ -200,7 +165,7 @@ fn create_region_routes(regions: Vec<RegionNumber>) -> Vec<RegionRoute> {
    region_routes
 }

-fn create_region_wal_options(regions: Vec<RegionNumber>) -> HashMap<RegionNumber, WalOptions> {
+fn create_region_wal_options(regions: Vec<RegionNumber>) -> HashMap<RegionNumber, String> {
    // TODO(niebayes): construct region wal options for benchmark.
    let _ = regions;
    HashMap::default()
--- a/src/cli/src/bench/metadata.rs
+++ b/src/cli/src/bench/metadata.rs
@@ -49,12 +49,7 @@ impl TableMetadataBencher {

                let regions: Vec<_> = (0..64).collect();
                let region_routes = create_region_routes(regions.clone());
-                let region_wal_options = create_region_wal_options(regions)
-                    .into_iter()
-                    .map(|(region_id, wal_options)| {
-                        (region_id, serde_json::to_string(&wal_options).unwrap())
-                    })
-                    .collect();
+                let region_wal_options = create_region_wal_options(regions);

                let start = Instant::now();

@@ -114,17 +109,9 @@ impl TableMetadataBencher {
                let table_info = table_info.unwrap();
                let table_route = table_route.unwrap();
                let table_id = table_info.table_info.ident.table_id;
-
-                let regions: Vec<_> = (0..64).collect();
-                let region_wal_options = create_region_wal_options(regions);
                let _ = self
                    .table_metadata_manager
-                    .delete_table_metadata(
-                        table_id,
-                        &table_info.table_name(),
-                        &table_route,
-                        &region_wal_options,
-                    )
+                    .delete_table_metadata(table_id, &table_info.table_name(), &table_route)
                    .await;
                start.elapsed()
            },
--- a/src/cli/src/database.rs
+++ b/src/cli/src/database.rs
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@ use std::time::Duration;
 use base64::engine::general_purpose;
 use base64::Engine;
 use common_catalog::consts::{DEFAULT_CATALOG_NAME, DEFAULT_SCHEMA_NAME};
-use common_error::ext::BoxedError;
 use humantime::format_duration;
 use serde_json::Value;
 use servers::http::header::constants::GREPTIME_DB_HEADER_TIMEOUT;
@@ -25,9 +24,7 @@ use servers::http::result::greptime_result_v1::GreptimedbV1Response;
 use servers::http::GreptimeQueryOutput;
 use snafu::ResultExt;

-use crate::error::{
-    BuildClientSnafu, HttpQuerySqlSnafu, ParseProxyOptsSnafu, Result, SerdeJsonSnafu,
-};
+use crate::error::{HttpQuerySqlSnafu, Result, SerdeJsonSnafu};

 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct DatabaseClient {
@@ -35,23 +32,6 @@ pub struct DatabaseClient {
    catalog: String,
    auth_header: Option<String>,
    timeout: Duration,
-    proxy: Option<reqwest::Proxy>,
-}
-
-pub fn parse_proxy_opts(
-    proxy: Option<String>,
-    no_proxy: bool,
-) -> std::result::Result<Option<reqwest::Proxy>, BoxedError> {
-    if no_proxy {
-        return Ok(None);
-    }
-    proxy
-        .map(|proxy| {
-            reqwest::Proxy::all(proxy)
-                .context(ParseProxyOptsSnafu)
-                .map_err(BoxedError::new)
-        })
-        .transpose()
 }

 impl DatabaseClient {
@@ -60,7 +40,6 @@ impl DatabaseClient {
        catalog: String,
        auth_basic: Option<String>,
        timeout: Duration,
-        proxy: Option<reqwest::Proxy>,
    ) -> Self {
        let auth_header = if let Some(basic) = auth_basic {
            let encoded = general_purpose::STANDARD.encode(basic);
@@ -69,18 +48,11 @@ impl DatabaseClient {
            None
        };

-        if let Some(ref proxy) = proxy {
-            common_telemetry::info!("Using proxy: {:?}", proxy);
-        } else {
-            common_telemetry::info!("Using system proxy(if any)");
-        }
-
        Self {
            addr,
            catalog,
            auth_header,
            timeout,
-            proxy,
        }
    }

@@ -95,13 +67,7 @@ impl DatabaseClient {
            ("db", format!("{}-{}", self.catalog, schema)),
            ("sql", sql.to_string()),
        ];
-        let client = self
-            .proxy
-            .clone()
-            .map(|proxy| reqwest::Client::builder().proxy(proxy).build())
-            .unwrap_or_else(|| Ok(reqwest::Client::new()))
-            .context(BuildClientSnafu)?;
-        let mut request = client
+        let mut request = reqwest::Client::new()
            .post(&url)
            .form(&params)
            .header("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More