### Description
Adding branch support for RemoteTable by threading a branch selector
onto every operation the data plane accepts it on. Exposes the
currentBranch to nodejs and python through the bindings.
Matching the server handlers, the branch rides as:
- a `?branch=` query parameter for Arrow-body and query-only ops
(insert, merge_insert, multipart_*, version/list, drop_index)
- a `branch` field in the JSON body for everything else (count_rows,
query, update, delete, create_index, column ops, index list/stats,
stats, restore, describe, tags create/update)
A main-branch handle (`branch == None`) produces byte-identical requests
to before: no `branch` field and no `?branch=`
- Handle-per-branch: `create_branch` / `checkout_branch` return a new
handle with fresh caches and reset version/freshness state, mirroring
`NativeTable`.
- `create_branch` maps 409 to already-exists, 400 to invalid, and 404 to
not-found with source context, and sends without retry so the 409 stays
observable.
- `Ref` translation covers version, version-number (relative to the
handle's branch), and tag (resolved via the tags endpoint); `"main"` and
empty normalize to the main branch.
- Python branch handles persist their branch (and pinned version) across
pickle/fork, so a forked or pickled handle reopens on its branch rather
than silently reverting to main.
### Tests
- Rust mock tests per op category (query-param and body mechanisms,
branch CRUD, error paths, backward-compat).
- Python sync branch CRUD, `open_table(branch=)`, and a pickle
round-trip regression test.
## Summary
Surfaces the rich per-index metadata added in #3497 to the Python and
Node.js language bindings. Closes#3495.
New optional fields exposed on `IndexConfig` in both bindings:
- `index_uuid` / `indexUuid` — UUID of the first index segment
- `type_url` / `typeUrl` — protobuf type URL for the index
- `created_at` / `createdAt` — creation timestamp (milliseconds since
Unix epoch)
- `num_indexed_rows` / `numIndexedRows` — rows covered by the index
- `num_unindexed_rows` / `numUnindexedRows` — rows not yet indexed
- `size_bytes` / `sizeBytes` — total index file size in bytes
- `num_segments` / `numSegments` — number of index segments
- `index_version` / `indexVersion` — on-disk format version
- `index_details` / `indexDetails` — type-specific JSON details string
All fields are `None`/`undefined` for remote tables (which don't yet
surface this metadata through the server response).
## Changes
- `python/src/index.rs`: extend `IndexConfig` pyclass; update `From`
impl; update `__getitem__`
- `python/python/lancedb/_lancedb.pyi`: add type hints for new fields
- `python/python/tests/test_table.py`: new `test_index_config_fields`
test
- `nodejs/src/table.rs`: extend `IndexConfig` napi struct; update `From`
impl
- `nodejs/__test__/table.test.ts`: new test; update existing `toEqual`
assertions to `expect.objectContaining` to accommodate new fields
## Test plan
- [x] Python: `uv run --extra tests pytest
python/tests/test_table.py::test_index_config_fields`
- [x] Node.js: `pnpm test __test__/table.test.ts`
🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)
---------
Co-authored-by: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
### Description
Stacked on #3490. Adds an optional version to branch checkout across the
Rust core and the Python and TypeScript SDKs, so you can open a specific
version on a branch ("version V of branch B"), not just the branch's
latest version
Rust
```rust
// Open version 3 of branch "exp" (a read-only view): check out from an
// existing table, or open it directly from the connection.
let exp_v3 = table.checkout_branch("exp", Some(3)).await?;
let exp_v3 = db.open_table("items").branch("exp").version(3).execute().await?;
// checkout_latest re-attaches to the branch's writable HEAD.
exp_v3.checkout_latest().await?;
// With no branch, a version opens main at that version.
let main_v3 = db.open_table("items").version(3).execute().await?;
```
Python
```python
# Open version 3 of branch "exp" (a read-only view): check out from an
# existing table, or open it directly from the connection.
branch_v3 = await table.branches.checkout("exp", version=3)
branch_v3 = await db.open_table("items", branch="exp", version=3)
# checkout_latest re-attaches to the branch's writable HEAD.
await branch_v3.checkout_latest()
# With no branch, a version opens main at that version.
main_v3 = await db.open_table("items", version=3)
```
TypeScript
```typescript
// Open version 3 of branch "exp" (a read-only view): check out from an
// existing table, or open it directly from the connection.
const branchV3 = await (await table.branches()).checkout("exp", 3);
const opened = await db.openTable("items", undefined, { branch: "exp", version: 3 });
// checkoutLatest re-attaches to the branch's writable HEAD.
await branchV3.checkoutLatest();
// With no branch, a version opens main at that version.
const mainV3 = await db.openTable("items", undefined, { version: 3 });
```
### Testing
- Added unit tests (Rust, Python sync + async, TypeScript):
branch-scoped resolution at a version number shared with `main` and with
another branch, read-only enforcement on a pinned handle,
`checkout_latest` recovery to the branch's HEAD, fork-point reads, and
the nonexistent-version/branch error paths.
- Ran smoke tests against the Python and TypeScript SDKs on local
machine.
### Description
Adds first-class support for table branches across the Rust core and the
Python and TypeScript SDKs.
Rust
```rust
use lance::dataset::refs::Ref;
// Create a branch from main and write to it — main is untouched.
let exp = table.create_branch("exp", Ref::Version(None, None)).await?;
exp.add(batches).await?;
// Reopen the branch later: check out from a table, or open it directly.
let exp = table.checkout_branch("exp").await?;
let exp = db.open_table("items").branch("exp").execute().await?;
let branches = table.list_branches().await?;
table.delete_branch("exp").await?;
```
Python
```python
# Create a branch from main and write to it
branch = await table.branches.create("exp", from_ref="main")
await branch.add(data)
# Reopen the branch later: check out from a table, or open it directly.
branch = await table.branches.checkout("exp")
branch = await db.open_table("items", branch="exp")
await table.branches.list()
await table.branches.delete("exp")
```
TypeScript
```typescript
const branches = await table.branches();
// Create a branch from main and write to it
const branch = await branches.create("exp");
await branch.add(data);
// Reopen the branch later: check out from a table, or open it directly.
const checkedOut = await branches.checkout("exp");
const opened = await db.openTable("items", undefined, { branch: "exp" });
await branches.list();
await branches.delete("exp");
```
### Testing
- Added unit tests
- ran smoke tests against python and typescript sdks on local machine
### Next steps
- Add RemoteTable support
- Add Branch Comparison support
- Merge Branching support
BREAKING CHANGE: direct Rust users lose the `IndexStatistics::loss`
field. Python and Node.js consumers are unaffected in practice for
remote tables (the value was always `None`/absent), but the attribute is
gone for local tables too.
`IndexStatistics::loss` was local-only — LanceDB Cloud never returned
it, so
`RemoteTable::index_stats` always set `loss: None`. It's vestigial; this
removes it.
- Remove `loss` from `IndexStatistics` and the internal `IndexMetadata`
in `rust/lancedb/src/index.rs`, plus the summing logic in
`NativeTable::index_stats`.
- Drop `loss` from the Python and Node.js bindings (and their
tests/docs).
Fixes#3493🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)
---------
Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
### Summary
Adds update_field_metadata to the client SDK (Rust core, Python, and
TypeScript) so clients can edit per-field (column) Arrow metadata
(schema.fields[].metadata)
### Testing
- added unit tests
- ran E2E against a local server on both local and remote tables (set →
merge → delete), across Python sync/async and TypeScript
### Next steps
- deprecate replace_field_metadata in the python lancedb favor of this
(typescript didn't have replace_field_metadata method). This matches
Lance's API direction (Lance already deprecated replace_field_metadata
for update_field_metadata)
## Summary
When an `LsmWriteSpec` is installed on a table (#3396), `merge_insert`
upsert
calls are dispatched through Lance's MemWAL `ShardWriter` (LSM-style
append)
instead of the standard merge path.
- **`use_lsm_write`** — a `merge_insert` builder option, default `true`;
set it
`false` to use the standard path for a call even when a spec is set.
- **`assume_pre_sharded`** — a `merge_insert` builder option, default
`false`;
skips the per-row shard check and routes by the first row only.
- **`close_lsm_writers`** — drains and closes the table's cached MemWAL
shard
writers.
- The `merge_insert` **`on`** columns default to, and are validated
against,
the table's unenforced primary key.
- Shard writers are cached alongside the dataset (in
`DatasetConsistencyWrapper`) and reused for the session.
- `MergeResult` gains **`num_rows`** — on the LSM path the insert/update
breakdown is unknown until compaction, so only the total is reported.
Routing covers all three sharding strategies — bucket (murmur3,
Iceberg-compatible), identity, and unsharded. Each `merge_insert` call
targets
a single shard; the whole input is collected and validated before a
single
atomic `ShardWriter::put`, so a validation failure leaves the MemWAL
untouched.
Bindings: Python (`merge_insert(...).use_lsm_write(...)` /
`.assume_pre_sharded(...)`, `Table.close_lsm_writers`) and TypeScript
(`mergeInsert(...).useLsmWrite(...)` / `.assumePreSharded(...)`,
`Table.closeLsmWriters`).
## Context
Reconstructed from the original #3354 branch onto current `main`: the
branch
predated the #3394 (unenforced primary key) / #3396 (`LsmWriteSpec`)
split and
has been rebuilt on that merged foundation. Depends on Lance
`v7.0.0-beta.13`.
The MemWAL read path (reading un-flushed shard data back into queries)
and
remote (LanceDB Cloud) LSM support are follow-ups.
---------
Co-authored-by: Jack Ye <yezhaoqin@gmail.com>
### Summary
- Add an optional `progress` callback to `Table.add(data, { progress
})`. Callback fires once per batch written and once more with `done:
true` when the write completes.
- Errors thrown from the user's callback are logged with `console.warn`
and swallowed
### Testing
- npm test
- ran smoke test script to verify functionality
## Summary
Split out from #3354
Adds `LsmWriteSpec` and `Table::set_lsm_write_spec` /
`unset_lsm_write_spec` to
install and clear the spec that selects Lance's MemWAL LSM-style write
path for
`merge_insert`.
`LsmWriteSpec` offers three sharding strategies, all built on Lance's
`InitializeMemWalBuilder`:
- `LsmWriteSpec::bucket(column, num_buckets)` — hash-bucket sharding by
the
single-column unenforced primary key.
- `LsmWriteSpec::identity(column)` — identity sharding by the raw value
of a
scalar column.
- `LsmWriteSpec::unsharded()` — a single MemWAL shard.
Each can be refined with `with_maintained_indexes(...)` (indexes the
MemWAL
keeps up to date as rows are appended) and
`with_writer_config_defaults(...)`
(default `ShardWriter` configuration recorded in the MemWAL index, so
every
writer starts from the same defaults). All variants require the table to
have
an unenforced primary key.
- `set_lsm_write_spec` installs the spec by initializing the MemWAL
index;
`unset_lsm_write_spec` removes it (dropping the MemWAL index), reverting
to
the standard `merge_insert` path. `unset` is idempotent.
- Bindings: Python (`LsmWriteSpec.bucket` / `.identity` / `.unsharded`,
`set_lsm_write_spec` / `unset_lsm_write_spec`) and TypeScript
(`setLsmWriteSpec` with `specType` `"bucket"` / `"identity"` /
`"unsharded"`). `RemoteTable` returns `NotSupported`.
The actual `merge_insert` LSM dispatch and `ShardWriter` write path are
a
follow-up — this PR only installs and clears the spec.
## Summary
Adds `Table::set_unenforced_primary_key` — records a single column as
the
table's unenforced primary key in Lance schema field metadata.
"Unenforced"
means LanceDB does not check uniqueness on write; the key is metadata
that
`merge_insert` consumes.
- Single-column only; the column must exist and have a supported dtype
(Int32, Int64, Utf8, LargeUtf8, Binary, LargeBinary, FixedSizeBinary).
The
API accepts an iterable for binding ergonomics but requires exactly one
column — compound keys are rejected.
- The primary key is immutable: calling this on a table that already has
an
unenforced primary key is rejected. Concurrent writers racing to set the
key
fail at commit time rather than silently overriding it.
- `RemoteTable` returns `NotSupported`.
- Bindings: Python (`AsyncTable`, `LanceTable`, `RemoteTable`) and
TypeScript
(`Table.setUnenforcedPrimaryKey`).
## Context
Split out from #3354 per review feedback, so the unenforced primary key
and the
`merge_insert` sharding spec land as separate reviewable PRs.
No Lance dependency bump — `main` is already on v7.0.0-beta.10, which
includes
the field-metadata round-trip fix the API relies on. Enforcing
primary-key
immutability at the Lance commit layer (so the cross-column concurrent
race is
also rejected) is a companion Lance change: lance-format/lance#6810.
### Summary
- Closes#3362
- Adds `prewarmData(columns?: string[])` to the Node bindings, mirroring
the Rust and Python implementations
### Testing
- [x] `npm run build` (regenerates the napi `.node` module + TS
declarations)
- [x] `npm run lint`
- [x] `npm test
- [ ] live test against remote table - just waiting for my dev stack to
get created
### Documentation
- updated docs
Add support for passing field/data type information into add_columns()
method, bringing parity with Python bindings. The method now accepts:
- AddColumnsSql[] - SQL expressions (existing functionality)
- Field - single Arrow field with explicit data type
- Field[] - array of Arrow fields with explicit data types
- Schema - Arrow schema with explicit data types
New columns added via Field/Schema are initialized with null values. All
field-based columns must be nullable due to null initialization.
Resolves#3107
---------
Signed-off-by: Pratik <pratikrocks.dey11@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
This hooks up a new writer implementation for the `add()` method. The
main immediate benefit is it allows streaming requests to remote tables,
and at the same time allowing retries for most inputs.
In NodeJS, we always convert the data to `Vec<RecordBatch>`, so it's
always retry-able.
For Python, all are retry-able, except `Iterator` and
`pa.RecordBatchReader`, which can only be consumed once. Some, like
`pa.datasets.Dataset` are retry-able *and* streaming.
A lot of the changes here are to make the new DataFusion write pipeline
maintain the same behavior as the existing Python-based preprocessing,
such as:
* casting input data to target schema
* rejecting NaN values if `on_bad_vectors="error"`
* applying embedding functions.
In future PRs, we'll enhance these by moving the embedding calls into
DataFusion and making sure we parallelize them. See:
https://github.com/lancedb/lancedb/issues/3048
---------
Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Expose `initial_storage_options()` and `latest_storage_options()` in
lance Dataset, in lancedb rust, python and typescript SDKs.
---------
Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 4.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
## Summary
This PR changes takeRowIds to accept bigint[] instead of
number[], matching the type of _rowid returned by withRowId().
## Problem
When retrieving row IDs using \withRowId()\ and querying them back with
takeRowIds(), users get an error because:
1. _rowid values are returned as JavaScript bigint
2. takeRowIds() expected number[]
3. NAPI failed to convert: Error: Failed to convert napi value BigInt
into rust type i64
## Reproduction
\\\js
import lancedb from '@lancedb/lancedb';
const db = await lancedb.connect('memory://');
const table = await db.createTable('test', [{ id: 1, vector: [1.0, 2.0]
}]);
const results = await table.query().withRowId().toArray();
const rowIds = results.map(row => row._rowid);
console.log('types:', rowIds.map(id => typeof id)); // ['bigint']
await table.takeRowIds(rowIds).toArray(); // ⌠Error before fix
\\\
## Solution
- Updated TypeScript signature from takeRowIds(rowIds: number[]) to
takeRowIds(rowIds: bigint[])
- Updated Rust NAPI binding to accept Vec<BigInt> and convert using
get_u64()
Fixes#2722
---------
Co-authored-by: Will Jones <willjones127@gmail.com>
This pipes the num_attempts field from lance's merge insert result
through lancedb. This allows callers of merge_insert to get a better
idea of whether transaction conflicts are occurring.
I'm working on a lancedb version of pytorch data loading (and hopefully
addressing https://github.com/lancedb/lance/issues/3727).
However, rather than rely on pytorch for everything I'm moving some of
the things that pytorch does into rust. This gives us more control over
data loading (e.g. using shards or a hash-based split) and it allows
permutations to be persistent. In particular I hope to be able to:
* Create a persistent permutation
* This permutation can handle splits, filtering, shuffling, and sharding
* Create a rust data loader that can read a permutation (one or more
splits), or a subset of a permutation (for DDP)
* Create a python data loader that delegates to the rust data loader
Eventually create integrations for other data loading libraries,
including rust & node
Enables two new parameters when building indices:
* `name`: Allows explicitly setting a name on the index. Default is
`{col_name}_idx`.
* `train` (default `True`): When set to `False`, an empty index will be
immediately created.
The upgrade of Lance means there are also additional behaviors from
cd76a993b8:
* When a scalar index is created on a Table, it will be kept around even
if all rows are deleted or updated.
* Scalar indices can be created on empty tables. They will default to
`train=False` if the table is empty.
---------
Co-authored-by: Weston Pace <weston.pace@gmail.com>
These operations have existed in lance for a long while and many users
need to drop down to lance for this capability. This PR adds the API and
implements it using filters (e.g. `_rowid IN (...)`) so that in doesn't
currently add any load to `BaseTable`. I'm not sure that is sustainable
as base table implementations may want to specialize how they handle
this method. However, I figure it is a good starting point.
In addition, unlike Lance, this API does not currently guarantee
anything about the order of the take results. This is necessary for the
fallback filter approach to work (SQL filters cannot guarantee result
order)
return version info for all write operations (add, update, merge_insert
and column modification operations)
<!-- This is an auto-generated comment: release notes by coderabbit.ai
-->
## Summary by CodeRabbit
- **New Features**
- Table modification operations (add, update, delete, merge,
add/alter/drop columns) now return detailed result objects including
version numbers and operation statistics.
- Result objects provide clearer feedback such as rows affected and new
table version after each operation.
- **Documentation**
- Updated documentation to describe new result objects and their fields
for all relevant table operations.
- Added documentation for new result interfaces and updated method
return types in Node.js and Python APIs.
- **Tests**
- Enhanced test coverage to assert correctness of returned versioning
and operation metadata after table modifications.
<!-- end of auto-generated comment: release notes by coderabbit.ai -->
* Add a new "table stats" API to expose basic table and fragment
statistics with local and remote table implementations
### Questions
* This is using `calculate_data_stats` to determine total bytes in the
table. This seems like a potentially expensive operation - are there any
concerns about performance for large datasets?
### Notes
* bytes_on_disk seems to be stored at the column level but there does
not seem to be a way to easily calculate total bytes per fragment. This
may need to be added in lance before we can support fragment size
(bytes) statistics.
<!-- This is an auto-generated comment: release notes by coderabbit.ai
-->
## Summary by CodeRabbit
- **New Features**
- Added a method to retrieve comprehensive table statistics, including
total rows, index counts, storage size, and detailed fragment size
metrics such as minimum, maximum, mean, and percentiles.
- Enabled fetching of table statistics from remote sources through
asynchronous requests.
- Extended table interfaces across Python, Rust, and Node.js to support
synchronous and asynchronous retrieval of table statistics.
- **Tests**
- Introduced tests to verify the accuracy of the new table statistics
feature for both populated and empty tables.
<!-- end of auto-generated comment: release notes by coderabbit.ai -->
add the tag related API to list existing tags, attach tag to a version,
update the tag version, delete tag, get the version of the tag, and
checkout the version that the tag bounded to.
<!-- This is an auto-generated comment: release notes by coderabbit.ai
-->
## Summary by CodeRabbit
- **New Features**
- Introduced table version tagging, allowing users to create, update,
delete, and list human-readable tags for specific table versions.
- Enabled checking out a table by either version number or tag name.
- Added new interfaces for tag management in both Python and Node.js
APIs, supporting synchronous and asynchronous workflows.
- **Bug Fixes**
- None.
- **Documentation**
- Updated documentation to describe the new tagging features, including
usage examples.
- **Tests**
- Added comprehensive tests for tag creation, updating, deletion,
listing, and version checkout by tag in both Python and Node.js
environments.
<!-- end of auto-generated comment: release notes by coderabbit.ai -->
* Add new wait_for_index() table operation that polls until indices are
created/fully indexed
* Add an optional wait timeout parameter to all create_index operations
* Python and NodeJS interfaces
<!-- This is an auto-generated comment: release notes by coderabbit.ai
-->
## Summary by CodeRabbit
## Summary by CodeRabbit
- **New Features**
- Added optional waiting for index creation completion with configurable
timeout.
- Introduced methods to poll and wait for indices to be fully built
across sync and async tables.
- Extended index creation APIs to accept a wait timeout parameter.
- **Bug Fixes**
- Added a new timeout error variant for improved error reporting on
index operations.
- **Tests**
- Added tests covering successful index readiness waiting, timeout
scenarios, and missing index cases.
<!-- end of auto-generated comment: release notes by coderabbit.ai -->
<!-- This is an auto-generated comment: release notes by coderabbit.ai
-->
## Summary by CodeRabbit
- **New Features**
- Added the ability to prewarm (load into memory) table indexes via new
methods in Python, Node.js, and Rust APIs, potentially reducing
cold-start query latency.
- **Bug Fixes**
- Ensured prewarming an index does not interfere with subsequent search
operations.
- **Tests**
- Introduced new test cases to verify full-text search index creation,
prewarming, and search functionalities in both Python and Node.js.
- **Chores**
- Updated dependencies for improved compatibility and performance.
<!-- end of auto-generated comment: release notes by coderabbit.ai -->
---------
Co-authored-by: Lu Qiu <luqiujob@gmail.com>
- adds `loss` into the index stats for vector index
- now `optimize` can retrain the vector index
---------
Signed-off-by: BubbleCal <bubble-cal@outlook.com>
This exposes the `LANCEDB_LOG` environment variable in node, so that
users can now turn on logging.
In addition, fixes a bug where only the top-level error from Rust was
being shown. This PR makes sure the full error chain is included in the
error message. In the future, will improve this so the error chain is
set on the [cause](https://nodejs.org/api/errors.html#errorcause)
property of JS errors https://github.com/lancedb/lancedb/issues/1779Fixes#1774
BREAKING CHANGE: the return value of `index_stats` method has changed
and all `index_stats` APIs now take index name instead of UUID. Also
several deprecated index statistics methods were removed.
* Removes deprecated methods for individual index statistics
* Aligns public `IndexStatistics` struct with API response from LanceDB
Cloud.
* Implements `index_stats` for remote Rust SDK and Python async API.
The new V2 manifest path scheme makes discovering the latest version of
a table constant time on object stores, regardless of the number of
versions in the table. See benchmarks in the PR here:
https://github.com/lancedb/lance/pull/2798Closes#1583
this bumps napi version to 2.16 which contains a few bug fixes.
Additionally, it adds `catch_unwind` to any method that may
unintentionally panic.
`catch_unwind` will unwind the panics and return a regular JS error
instead of panicking.
The optimize function is pretty crucial for getting good performance
when building a large scale dataset but it was only exposed in rust
(many sync python users are probably doing this via to_lance today)
This PR adds the optimize function to nodejs and to python.
I left the function marked experimental because I think there will
likely be changes to optimization (e.g. if we add features like
"optimize on write"). I also only exposed the `cleanup_older_than`
configuration parameter since this one is very commonly used and the
rest have sensible defaults and we don't really know why we would
recommend different values for these defaults anyways.
In
2de226220b
I added a new `IntoArrow` trait for adding data into a table.
Unfortunately, it seems my approach for implementing the trait for
"things that are already record batch readers" was flawed. This PR
corrects that flaw and, conveniently, removes the need to box readers at
all (though it is ok if you do).
