Merge commit '61e6614c0916e11353e3cbf1c7c2d1045934d201' into yang/udf-secret-sophon-integration

`add_columns().computed()` accepted several columns in one call but bound
each against the table's schema as it stood before the call, so `a` and
`b = a + 1` had to be two commits. A server staging declarations behind
other schema work has no atomic way to do that, and a caller reading the
builder's plural signature reasonably expects the batch to be one.

Each accepted column now joins the schema the next one resolves against,
so the batch is planned and committed as one. Order is the dependency
order; reading ahead is still an unknown column. `validate_declarations`
exposes the schema-level checks -- the Function-binding guard and the
planning -- without a commit, for callers that must reject before earlier
work in the same request lands; LSM state is table state and stays a
commit-time check.

Dependent columns need refresh to be dependency-aware, or `b =
coalesce(a, 0)` refreshed before `a` bakes zeros from `a`'s placeholder
null and the fill-once contract keeps them. Refresh now walks the
dependency graph once and fills each reachable column once in dependency
order, each as its own commit, then the requested column. Every fill in
the pass covers only the fragments of the snapshot the pass started from:
a commit may rebase over a concurrent append, and the fragment that admits
carries placeholder nulls no earlier fill covered, so it waits for a later
refresh and is reported as `rows_remaining`. Two concurrent fills of one
input collide on its field in lance's conflict check, so a dependent fill
can only commit over inputs that were durable when it read them.
`rows_filled` counts the requested column only; the async result's
`published_version` is the last commit of the pass, inputs included.

.bumpversion.toml

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 [tool.bumpversion]
-current_version = "0.38.0-beta.12"
+current_version = "0.38.0-beta.11"
 parse = """(?x)
     (?P<major>0|[1-9]\\d*)\\.
     (?P<minor>0|[1-9]\\d*)\\.

.github/workflows/npm-publish.yml

@@ -40,31 +40,40 @@ jobs:
           - target: aarch64-apple-darwin
             host: macos-latest
             features: fp16kernels
-            # Fat LTO was ~111 of this job's ~113 minutes.
-            lto: thin
-            codegen_units: 16
             pre_build: |-
               brew install protobuf
+              # Fat LTO (the workspace default in .cargo/config.toml) is
+              # single-threaded and is the peak-memory step of the build. On
+              # this runner it accounted for ~111 of the job's ~113 minutes,
+              # making it the critical path of the entire publish pipeline.
+              # ThinLTO parallelizes it across the runner's cores, for a few
+              # percent of runtime performance.
+              export CARGO_PROFILE_RELEASE_LTO=thin
+              export CARGO_PROFILE_RELEASE_CODEGEN_UNITS=16
           - target: x86_64-pc-windows-msvc
             host: windows-2025
             features: ","
-            # The lower peak also keeps this on the standard 4-core runner.
-            lto: thin
-            codegen_units: 16
             pre_build: |-
               choco install --no-progress protoc ninja nasm
               tail -n 1000 /c/ProgramData/chocolatey/logs/chocolatey.log
               # There is an issue where choco doesn't add nasm to the path
               export PATH="$PATH:/c/Program Files/NASM"
               nasm -v
+              # See the ThinLTO note on aarch64-apple-darwin above. Keeping
+              # peak memory down is also what lets this run on the standard
+              # 4-core runner: the 8-core larger runner was only needed to
+              # stop fat LTO from OOMing rustc-LLVM.
+              export CARGO_PROFILE_RELEASE_LTO=thin
+              export CARGO_PROFILE_RELEASE_CODEGEN_UNITS=16
           - target: aarch64-pc-windows-msvc
             host: windows-2025
             features: ","
-            lto: thin
-            codegen_units: 16
             pre_build: |-
                 choco install --no-progress protoc
                 rustup target add aarch64-pc-windows-msvc
+                # See the ThinLTO note on aarch64-apple-darwin above.
+                export CARGO_PROFILE_RELEASE_LTO=thin
+                export CARGO_PROFILE_RELEASE_CODEGEN_UNITS=16
           - target: x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
             host: ubuntu-latest
             features: fp16kernels
@@ -94,14 +103,6 @@ jobs:
             # https://github.com/napi-rs/napi-rs/blob/main/debian-aarch64.Dockerfile
             docker: ghcr.io/napi-rs/napi-rs/nodejs-rust:lts-debian-aarch64
             features: "fp16kernels"
-            # Fat LTO OOM-killed rustc every nightly; even with lld it peaked
-            # at 31391 MiB of the runner's 32 GiB.
-            lto: thin
-            codegen_units: 16
-            # arm64 Linux links through GNU `ld` where x86_64 defaults to
-            # `rust-lld`, which is why only arm64 OOM'd. lld cut the largest
-            # linker process 7.0 -> 4.0 GiB (lancedb/sophon#7313).
-            linker: /tmp/aarch64-lld-clang
             pre_build: |-
               set -e &&
               apt-get update &&
@@ -111,30 +112,9 @@ jobs:
               # AT_HWCAP2 (added in Linux 3.17). Define it for aws-lc-sys.
               export CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -DAT_HWCAP2=26" &&
               rustup target add aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu
-              # Not `&&`-chained: in dash, errexit does not fire for a
-              # non-final command in an `&&` list, so failures were ignored.
-              #
-              # A wrapper rather than `-C link-arg` because the per-target
-              # rustflags variable does not reach every unit that links, while
-              # the linker variable does. `clang` because GCC silently ignores
-              # `-fuse-ld=lld` unless built with lld support. Two echoes
-              # because printf's newline escape gets rewritten to `;` between
-              # here and the container.
-              echo '#!/bin/sh' > /tmp/aarch64-lld-clang
-              echo 'exec clang --target=aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu --sysroot=/usr/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/sysroot --gcc-toolchain=/usr/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu -fuse-ld=lld "$@"' >> /tmp/aarch64-lld-clang
-              chmod 0755 /tmp/aarch64-lld-clang
-              # Fail now, not at the cdylib link ~30 minutes later. Linking at
-              # all also proves lld resolved; clang errors out when it cannot.
-              echo 'int main(void){return 0;}' > /tmp/probe.c
-              /tmp/aarch64-lld-clang /tmp/probe.c -o /tmp/probe
-              readelf -h /tmp/probe | grep AArch64
           - target: aarch64-unknown-linux-musl
             host: ubuntu-2404-8x-x64
             features: ","
-            # Fat LTO took the whole runner down. lld cannot help: it died
-            # inside rustc's LLVM, before any linker was spawned.
-            lto: thin
-            codegen_units: 16
             pre_build: |-
               set -e &&
               sudo apt-get update &&
@@ -143,19 +123,6 @@ jobs:
               export EXTRA_ARGS="-x"
     name: build - ${{ matrix.settings.target }}
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.settings.host }}
-    # On the job, not exported from `pre_build`: `Swatinem/rust-cache` hashes
-    # `CARGO_*` into its cache key before any step runs, so a step-local export
-    # leaves the key unchanged while cargo still rebuilds cold. The ThinLTO
-    # legs had been doing that every run.
-    #
-    # Not `RUSTFLAGS`: setting it, even to "", discards every config-file
-    # rustflag, silently dropping .cargo/config.toml's `target-cpu` and
-    # `target-feature` from the published binaries.
-    env:
-      CARGO_PROFILE_RELEASE_LTO: ${{ matrix.settings.lto || 'fat' }}
-      CARGO_PROFILE_RELEASE_CODEGEN_UNITS: ${{ matrix.settings.codegen_units || '1' }}
-      # Empty elsewhere: a per-target variable is only read for that triple.
-      CARGO_TARGET_AARCH64_UNKNOWN_LINUX_GNU_LINKER: ${{ matrix.settings.linker }}
     defaults:
       run:
         working-directory: nodejs
@@ -202,15 +169,19 @@ jobs:
           # creating ref). The nightly cadence also keeps entries inside
           # GitHub's 7-day eviction window, which a tag-only trigger would not.
           save-if: ${{ github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' }}
-      # Docker builds can use rust-cache too: the workspace is bind-mounted, so
-      # `target/` lives on the host and rust-cache's prune keeps the entry
-      # small.
+      # Docker builds can use rust-cache too. `target/` already lives on the
+      # host because the whole workspace is bind-mounted into the container, and
+      # rust-cache's prune and save run host-side, so they can manage it -- which
+      # is what keeps the entry to dependency artifacts rather than a multi-GB
+      # copy of everything.
       #
       # Two differences from the native builds. The container's CARGO_HOME is
-      # bind-mounted from `.cargo-cache` rather than ~/.cargo, so that is cached
-      # explicitly. And the key uses the *host* rustc version, not the compiler
-      # that built these artifacts -- safe, since cargo fingerprints the real
-      # one; a base-image bump just costs one cold build.
+      # bind-mounted from `.cargo-cache` rather than the host's ~/.cargo, so that
+      # has to be cached explicitly. And the key is derived from the *host* rustc
+      # version, which is not the compiler that produced these artifacts; that is
+      # safe because cargo fingerprints the real compiler and rebuilds on a
+      # mismatch, it just means a base-image toolchain bump costs one cold build
+      # instead of invalidating the key.
       - name: Cache cargo (docker builds)
         uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
         if: ${{ matrix.settings.docker }}
@@ -239,14 +210,9 @@ jobs:
           # cache step above saves. Previously the registry mounts pointed at
           # `.cargo/...`, a path nothing cached, so the container re-downloaded
           # the whole crate registry on every run.
-          #
-          # `docker run` inherits nothing; `-e NAME` carries the job's `env:` in.
           options: "--user 0:0 -v ${{ github.workspace }}/.cargo-cache/git/db:/usr/local/cargo/git/db \
                     -v ${{ github.workspace }}/.cargo-cache/registry/cache:/usr/local/cargo/registry/cache \
                     -v ${{ github.workspace }}/.cargo-cache/registry/index:/usr/local/cargo/registry/index \
-                    -e CARGO_PROFILE_RELEASE_LTO \
-                    -e CARGO_PROFILE_RELEASE_CODEGEN_UNITS \
-                    -e CARGO_TARGET_AARCH64_UNKNOWN_LINUX_GNU_LINKER \
                     -v ${{ github.workspace }}:/build -w /build/nodejs"
           run: |
             set -e
@@ -290,18 +256,6 @@ jobs:
         if: always()
         run: df -h
         shell: bash
-      - name: Report peak memory
-        if: always() && runner.os == 'Linux'
-        shell: bash
-        run: |
-          peak=$(find /sys/fs/cgroup -name memory.peak -readable \
-                 -exec cat {} + 2>/dev/null | sort -n | tail -1)
-          if [ -n "$peak" ]; then
-            echo "peak memory: $((peak / 1024 / 1024)) MiB"
-          else
-            echo "peak memory: unavailable (no readable cgroup v2 memory.peak)"
-          fi
-          free -g || true
       - name: Upload artifact
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
         with:

Cargo.lock

@@ -1597,9 +1597,9 @@ checksum = "613afe47fcd5fac7ccf1db93babcb082c5994d996f20b8b159f2ad1658eb5724"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "chacha20"
-version = "0.10.2"
+version = "0.10.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "65c35e4b699c7e15ccbe7ee35c005e4fc0a278d22238a2857e6ce2dadeda1b06"
+checksum = "6f8d983286843e49675a4b7a2d174efe136dc93a18d69130dd18198a6c167601"
 dependencies = [
  "cfg-if 1.0.4",
  "cpufeatures 0.3.0",
@@ -3455,8 +3455,8 @@ checksum = "42703706b716c37f96a77aea830392ad231f44c9e9a67872fa5548707e11b11c"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "fsst"
-version = "12.0.0-beta.2"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.2#dafa4642658d996b3e31dde91e02f72db7860d7e"
+version = "12.0.0-beta.4"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.4#474ae88dd75c437d5d506859b627510978e502e9"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow-array",
  "rand 0.9.5",
@@ -4815,8 +4815,8 @@ checksum = "e037a2e1d8d5fdbd49b16a4ea09d5d6401c1f29eca5ff29d03d3824dba16256a"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance"
-version = "12.0.0-beta.2"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.2#dafa4642658d996b3e31dde91e02f72db7860d7e"
+version = "12.0.0-beta.4"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.4#474ae88dd75c437d5d506859b627510978e502e9"
 dependencies = [
  "arc-swap",
  "arrow",
@@ -4888,8 +4888,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-arrow"
-version = "12.0.0-beta.2"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.2#dafa4642658d996b3e31dde91e02f72db7860d7e"
+version = "12.0.0-beta.4"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.4#474ae88dd75c437d5d506859b627510978e502e9"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow-array",
  "arrow-buffer",
@@ -4911,7 +4911,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-arrow-scalar"
 version = "58.0.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.2#dafa4642658d996b3e31dde91e02f72db7860d7e"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.4#474ae88dd75c437d5d506859b627510978e502e9"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow-array",
  "arrow-buffer",
@@ -4925,7 +4925,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-arrow-stats"
 version = "58.0.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.2#dafa4642658d996b3e31dde91e02f72db7860d7e"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.4#474ae88dd75c437d5d506859b627510978e502e9"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow-array",
  "arrow-schema",
@@ -4934,8 +4934,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-bitpacking"
-version = "12.0.0-beta.2"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.2#dafa4642658d996b3e31dde91e02f72db7860d7e"
+version = "12.0.0-beta.4"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.4#474ae88dd75c437d5d506859b627510978e502e9"
 dependencies = [
  "arrayref",
  "crunchy",
@@ -4945,8 +4945,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-core"
-version = "12.0.0-beta.2"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.2#dafa4642658d996b3e31dde91e02f72db7860d7e"
+version = "12.0.0-beta.4"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.4#474ae88dd75c437d5d506859b627510978e502e9"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow-array",
  "arrow-buffer",
@@ -4983,8 +4983,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-datafusion"
-version = "12.0.0-beta.2"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.2#dafa4642658d996b3e31dde91e02f72db7860d7e"
+version = "12.0.0-beta.4"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.4#474ae88dd75c437d5d506859b627510978e502e9"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow",
  "arrow-array",
@@ -5013,8 +5013,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-datagen"
-version = "12.0.0-beta.2"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.2#dafa4642658d996b3e31dde91e02f72db7860d7e"
+version = "12.0.0-beta.4"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.4#474ae88dd75c437d5d506859b627510978e502e9"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow",
  "arrow-array",
@@ -5031,8 +5031,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-derive"
-version = "12.0.0-beta.2"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.2#dafa4642658d996b3e31dde91e02f72db7860d7e"
+version = "12.0.0-beta.4"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.4#474ae88dd75c437d5d506859b627510978e502e9"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
@@ -5041,8 +5041,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-encoding"
-version = "12.0.0-beta.2"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.2#dafa4642658d996b3e31dde91e02f72db7860d7e"
+version = "12.0.0-beta.4"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.4#474ae88dd75c437d5d506859b627510978e502e9"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow-arith",
  "arrow-array",
@@ -5075,8 +5075,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-file"
-version = "12.0.0-beta.2"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.2#dafa4642658d996b3e31dde91e02f72db7860d7e"
+version = "12.0.0-beta.4"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.4#474ae88dd75c437d5d506859b627510978e502e9"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow-arith",
  "arrow-array",
@@ -5107,8 +5107,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-index"
-version = "12.0.0-beta.2"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.2#dafa4642658d996b3e31dde91e02f72db7860d7e"
+version = "12.0.0-beta.4"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.4#474ae88dd75c437d5d506859b627510978e502e9"
 dependencies = [
  "arc-swap",
  "arrow",
@@ -5172,8 +5172,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-index-core"
-version = "12.0.0-beta.2"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.2#dafa4642658d996b3e31dde91e02f72db7860d7e"
+version = "12.0.0-beta.4"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.4#474ae88dd75c437d5d506859b627510978e502e9"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow-array",
  "arrow-schema",
@@ -5195,8 +5195,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-io"
-version = "12.0.0-beta.2"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.2#dafa4642658d996b3e31dde91e02f72db7860d7e"
+version = "12.0.0-beta.4"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.4#474ae88dd75c437d5d506859b627510978e502e9"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow",
  "arrow-array",
@@ -5236,8 +5236,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-linalg"
-version = "12.0.0-beta.2"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.2#dafa4642658d996b3e31dde91e02f72db7860d7e"
+version = "12.0.0-beta.4"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.4#474ae88dd75c437d5d506859b627510978e502e9"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow-array",
  "arrow-schema",
@@ -5251,8 +5251,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-namespace"
-version = "12.0.0-beta.2"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.2#dafa4642658d996b3e31dde91e02f72db7860d7e"
+version = "12.0.0-beta.4"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.4#474ae88dd75c437d5d506859b627510978e502e9"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow",
  "async-trait",
@@ -5264,8 +5264,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-namespace-impls"
-version = "12.0.0-beta.2"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.2#dafa4642658d996b3e31dde91e02f72db7860d7e"
+version = "12.0.0-beta.4"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.4#474ae88dd75c437d5d506859b627510978e502e9"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow",
  "arrow-ipc",
@@ -5318,8 +5318,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-select"
-version = "12.0.0-beta.2"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.2#dafa4642658d996b3e31dde91e02f72db7860d7e"
+version = "12.0.0-beta.4"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.4#474ae88dd75c437d5d506859b627510978e502e9"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow-array",
  "arrow-buffer",
@@ -5333,8 +5333,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-table"
-version = "12.0.0-beta.2"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.2#dafa4642658d996b3e31dde91e02f72db7860d7e"
+version = "12.0.0-beta.4"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.4#474ae88dd75c437d5d506859b627510978e502e9"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow",
  "arrow-array",
@@ -5374,8 +5374,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-testing"
-version = "12.0.0-beta.2"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.2#dafa4642658d996b3e31dde91e02f72db7860d7e"
+version = "12.0.0-beta.4"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.4#474ae88dd75c437d5d506859b627510978e502e9"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow-array",
  "arrow-schema",
@@ -5388,8 +5388,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-tokenizer"
-version = "12.0.0-beta.2"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.2#dafa4642658d996b3e31dde91e02f72db7860d7e"
+version = "12.0.0-beta.4"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.4#474ae88dd75c437d5d506859b627510978e502e9"
 dependencies = [
  "frostem",
  "icu_segmenter",
@@ -5402,7 +5402,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lancedb"
-version = "0.38.0-beta.12"
+version = "0.38.0-beta.11"
 dependencies = [
  "ahash",
  "anyhow",
@@ -5490,7 +5490,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lancedb-nodejs"
-version = "0.38.0-beta.12"
+version = "0.38.0-beta.11"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow-array",
  "arrow-buffer",
@@ -5515,7 +5515,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lancedb-python"
-version = "0.38.0-beta.12"
+version = "0.38.0-beta.11"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow",
  "async-trait",

Cargo.toml

@@ -13,20 +13,20 @@ categories = ["database-implementations"]
 rust-version = "1.91.0"
 
 [workspace.dependencies]
-lance = { "version" = "=12.0.0-beta.2", default-features = false, "tag" = "v12.0.0-beta.2", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-core = { "version" = "=12.0.0-beta.2", "tag" = "v12.0.0-beta.2", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-datagen = { "version" = "=12.0.0-beta.2", "tag" = "v12.0.0-beta.2", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-file = { "version" = "=12.0.0-beta.2", "tag" = "v12.0.0-beta.2", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-io = { "version" = "=12.0.0-beta.2", default-features = false, "tag" = "v12.0.0-beta.2", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-index = { "version" = "=12.0.0-beta.2", "tag" = "v12.0.0-beta.2", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-linalg = { "version" = "=12.0.0-beta.2", "tag" = "v12.0.0-beta.2", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-namespace = { "version" = "=12.0.0-beta.2", "tag" = "v12.0.0-beta.2", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-namespace-impls = { "version" = "=12.0.0-beta.2", default-features = false, "tag" = "v12.0.0-beta.2", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-table = { "version" = "=12.0.0-beta.2", "tag" = "v12.0.0-beta.2", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-testing = { "version" = "=12.0.0-beta.2", "tag" = "v12.0.0-beta.2", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-datafusion = { "version" = "=12.0.0-beta.2", "tag" = "v12.0.0-beta.2", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-encoding = { "version" = "=12.0.0-beta.2", "tag" = "v12.0.0-beta.2", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-arrow = { "version" = "=12.0.0-beta.2", "tag" = "v12.0.0-beta.2", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance = { "version" = "=12.0.0-beta.4", default-features = false, "tag" = "v12.0.0-beta.4", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-core = { "version" = "=12.0.0-beta.4", "tag" = "v12.0.0-beta.4", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-datagen = { "version" = "=12.0.0-beta.4", "tag" = "v12.0.0-beta.4", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-file = { "version" = "=12.0.0-beta.4", "tag" = "v12.0.0-beta.4", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-io = { "version" = "=12.0.0-beta.4", default-features = false, "tag" = "v12.0.0-beta.4", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-index = { "version" = "=12.0.0-beta.4", "tag" = "v12.0.0-beta.4", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-linalg = { "version" = "=12.0.0-beta.4", "tag" = "v12.0.0-beta.4", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-namespace = { "version" = "=12.0.0-beta.4", "tag" = "v12.0.0-beta.4", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-namespace-impls = { "version" = "=12.0.0-beta.4", default-features = false, "tag" = "v12.0.0-beta.4", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-table = { "version" = "=12.0.0-beta.4", "tag" = "v12.0.0-beta.4", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-testing = { "version" = "=12.0.0-beta.4", "tag" = "v12.0.0-beta.4", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-datafusion = { "version" = "=12.0.0-beta.4", "tag" = "v12.0.0-beta.4", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-encoding = { "version" = "=12.0.0-beta.4", "tag" = "v12.0.0-beta.4", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-arrow = { "version" = "=12.0.0-beta.4", "tag" = "v12.0.0-beta.4", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
 lancedb = { path = "rust/lancedb", default-features = false }
 ahash = "0.8"
 # Note that this one does not include pyarrow

deny.toml

@@ -131,13 +131,18 @@ allow = [
     "BSD-3-Clause",
     "ISC",
     "Unicode-3.0",
+    "Unicode-DFS-2016",
     "Zlib",
     "CC0-1.0",
     "MPL-2.0",
     "BSL-1.0",
+    "OpenSSL",
     # 0BSD ("BSD Zero Clause") is effectively public domain — no attribution
     # required. Pulled in by `mock_instant`.
     "0BSD",
+    # bzip2-1.0.6 is the permissive upstream bzip2 license (BSD-like). Pulled
+    # in by `libbz2-rs-sys`, the pure-Rust bzip2 implementation.
+    "bzip2-1.0.6",
     # CDLA-Permissive-2.0 is a permissive data license used by `webpki-roots`
     # for the Mozilla CA root bundle. Data-only, distribution-compatible.
     "CDLA-Permissive-2.0",
@@ -145,7 +150,12 @@ allow = [
 confidence-threshold = 0.8
 # Per-crate license exceptions: allow a license for a specific crate only,
 # rather than globally via the `allow` list above.
-exceptions = []
+exceptions = [
+    # CDDL-1.0 (copyleft) is pulled in only as a dev/profiling dependency via
+    # `inferno` -> `pprof` -> `lance-testing`; it is a test dependency that we
+    # do not distribute, so scope the allowance to `inferno` alone.
+    { allow = ["CDDL-1.0"], crate = "inferno" },
+]
 # Crates whose license cannot be determined from Cargo metadata but whose
 # license we've manually confirmed from upstream. Keep this list minimal.
 [[licenses.clarify]]

docs/src/java/java.md

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ Add the following dependency to your `pom.xml`:
 <dependency>
     <groupId>com.lancedb</groupId>
     <artifactId>lancedb-core</artifactId>
-    <version>0.38.0-beta.12</version>
+    <version>0.38.0-beta.11</version>
 </dependency>
 ```
 

docs/src/python/python.md

@@ -42,8 +42,6 @@ listing a storage directory.
 
 ::: lancedb.table.Table
 
-::: lancedb.table.CompactionOptions
-
 ::: lancedb.table.FragmentStatistics
 
 ::: lancedb.table.FragmentSummaryStats

java/lancedb-core/pom.xml

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
     <parent>
       <groupId>com.lancedb</groupId>
       <artifactId>lancedb-parent</artifactId>
-      <version>0.38.0-beta.12</version>
+      <version>0.38.0-beta.11</version>
       <relativePath>../pom.xml</relativePath>
     </parent>
 

java/pom.xml

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 
     <groupId>com.lancedb</groupId>
     <artifactId>lancedb-parent</artifactId>
-    <version>0.38.0-beta.12</version>
+    <version>0.38.0-beta.11</version>
     <packaging>pom</packaging>
     <name>${project.artifactId}</name>
     <description>LanceDB Java SDK Parent POM</description>
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
     <properties>
         <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
         <arrow.version>15.0.0</arrow.version>
-        <lance-core.version>12.0.0-beta.2</lance-core.version>
+        <lance-core.version>12.0.0-beta.4</lance-core.version>
         <spotless.skip>false</spotless.skip>
         <spotless.version>2.30.0</spotless.version>
         <spotless.java.googlejavaformat.version>1.7</spotless.java.googlejavaformat.version>

nodejs/Cargo.toml

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 [package]
 name = "lancedb-nodejs"
 edition.workspace = true
-version = "0.38.0-beta.12"
+version = "0.38.0-beta.11"
 publish = false
 license.workspace = true
 description.workspace = true

nodejs/npm/darwin-arm64/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
 	"name": "@lancedb/lancedb-darwin-arm64",
-	"version": "0.38.0-beta.12",
+	"version": "0.38.0-beta.11",
 	"os": ["darwin"],
 	"cpu": ["arm64"],
 	"main": "lancedb.darwin-arm64.node",

nodejs/npm/linux-arm64-gnu/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
 	"name": "@lancedb/lancedb-linux-arm64-gnu",
-	"version": "0.38.0-beta.12",
+	"version": "0.38.0-beta.11",
 	"os": ["linux"],
 	"cpu": ["arm64"],
 	"main": "lancedb.linux-arm64-gnu.node",

nodejs/npm/linux-arm64-musl/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
 	"name": "@lancedb/lancedb-linux-arm64-musl",
-	"version": "0.38.0-beta.12",
+	"version": "0.38.0-beta.11",
 	"os": ["linux"],
 	"cpu": ["arm64"],
 	"main": "lancedb.linux-arm64-musl.node",

nodejs/npm/linux-x64-gnu/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
 	"name": "@lancedb/lancedb-linux-x64-gnu",
-	"version": "0.38.0-beta.12",
+	"version": "0.38.0-beta.11",
 	"os": ["linux"],
 	"cpu": ["x64"],
 	"main": "lancedb.linux-x64-gnu.node",

nodejs/npm/linux-x64-musl/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
 	"name": "@lancedb/lancedb-linux-x64-musl",
-	"version": "0.38.0-beta.12",
+	"version": "0.38.0-beta.11",
 	"os": ["linux"],
 	"cpu": ["x64"],
 	"main": "lancedb.linux-x64-musl.node",

nodejs/npm/win32-arm64-msvc/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@lancedb/lancedb-win32-arm64-msvc",
-  "version": "0.38.0-beta.12",
+  "version": "0.38.0-beta.11",
   "os": [
     "win32"
   ],

nodejs/npm/win32-x64-msvc/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
 	"name": "@lancedb/lancedb-win32-x64-msvc",
-	"version": "0.38.0-beta.12",
+	"version": "0.38.0-beta.11",
 	"os": ["win32"],
 	"cpu": ["x64"],
 	"main": "lancedb.win32-x64-msvc.node",

nodejs/package-lock.json

@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 {
   "name": "@lancedb/lancedb",
-  "version": "0.38.0-beta.12",
+  "version": "0.38.0-beta.11",
   "lockfileVersion": 3,
   "requires": true,
   "packages": {
     "": {
       "name": "@lancedb/lancedb",
-      "version": "0.38.0-beta.12",
+      "version": "0.38.0-beta.11",
       "cpu": [
         "x64",
         "arm64"

nodejs/package.json

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
     "ann"
   ],
   "private": false,
-  "version": "0.38.0-beta.12",
+  "version": "0.38.0-beta.11",
   "main": "dist/index.js",
   "exports": {
     ".": "./dist/index.js",

python/Cargo.toml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [package]
 name = "lancedb-python"
-version = "0.38.0-beta.12"
+version = "0.38.0-beta.11"
 publish = false
 edition.workspace = true
 description = "Python bindings for LanceDB"

python/python/lancedb/__init__.py

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ from .materialized_view import (
     MaterializedView,
     MaterializedViewDefinition,
 )
-from .table import AsyncTable, CompactionOptions, Table
+from .table import AsyncTable, Table
 from .types import BaseTokenizerType
 from ._lancedb import Session
 from .namespace import (
@@ -558,7 +558,6 @@ __all__ = [
     "AsyncJob",
     "AsyncLanceNamespaceDBConnection",
     "AsyncTable",
-    "CompactionOptions",
     "FtsToken",
     "col",
     "Expr",

python/python/lancedb/_lancedb.pyi

@@ -374,7 +374,6 @@ class Table:
         *,
         cleanup_since_ms: Optional[int] = None,
         delete_unverified: Optional[bool] = None,
-        compaction_options: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
     ) -> OptimizeStats: ...
     async def uri(self) -> str: ...
     async def initial_storage_options(self) -> Optional[Dict[str, str]]: ...

python/python/lancedb/db.py

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ from typing import (
     Iterable,
     List,
     Literal,
+    Mapping,
     Optional,
     Union,
 )
@@ -687,17 +688,35 @@ class DBConnection(EnforceOverrides):
         """
         raise NotImplementedError("serialize is not supported for this connection type")
 
-    def create_function(self, definition: UdfDefinition) -> FunctionVersion:
+    def create_function(
+        self,
+        definition: UdfDefinition,
+        *,
+        secrets: Optional[Mapping[str, str]] = None,
+    ) -> FunctionVersion:
         """Register a scalar Python UDF and wait for its immutable version.
 
+        ``secrets`` must contain exactly the names declared by
+        ``@udf(secrets=[...])``. Values are sent in the create request and
+        stored server-side in the private execution artifact; returned
+        Function and Job metadata contain only the declared names.
         This is the blocking counterpart of :meth:`create_function_async`.
         Local connections raise ``NotImplementedError``.
         """
-        return self.create_function_async(definition).wait()
+        return self.create_function_async(definition, secrets=secrets).wait()
 
-    def create_function_async(self, definition: UdfDefinition) -> Job[FunctionVersion]:
+    def create_function_async(
+        self,
+        definition: UdfDefinition,
+        *,
+        secrets: Optional[Mapping[str, str]] = None,
+    ) -> Job[FunctionVersion]:
         """Register a scalar Python UDF through the remote Function catalog.
 
+        ``secrets`` must contain exactly the names declared by
+        ``@udf(secrets=[...])``. Values are sent in the create request and
+        stored server-side in the private execution artifact; returned
+        Function and Job metadata contain only the declared names.
         Submission returns a typed job. The immutable Function version becomes
         available only when :meth:`Job.wait` succeeds. Local connections raise
         ``NotImplementedError``.
@@ -1405,8 +1424,13 @@ class LanceDBConnection(DBConnection):
         return Job(self._conn.job(job_id))
 
     @override
-    def create_function_async(self, definition: UdfDefinition) -> Job[FunctionVersion]:
-        job = LOOP.run(self._conn.create_function_async(definition))
+    def create_function_async(
+        self,
+        definition: UdfDefinition,
+        *,
+        secrets: Optional[Mapping[str, str]] = None,
+    ) -> Job[FunctionVersion]:
+        job = LOOP.run(self._conn.create_function_async(definition, secrets=secrets))
         return Job(job)
 
     @override
@@ -2225,17 +2249,24 @@ class AsyncConnection(object):
         return AsyncJob(self._inner.job(job_id))
 
     async def create_function_async(
-        self, definition: UdfDefinition
+        self,
+        definition: UdfDefinition,
+        *,
+        secrets: Optional[Mapping[str, str]] = None,
     ) -> AsyncJob[FunctionVersion]:
         """Register a scalar Python UDF through the remote Function catalog.
 
+        ``secrets`` must contain exactly the names declared by
+        ``@udf(secrets=[...])``. Values are sent in the create request and
+        stored server-side in the private execution artifact; returned
+        Function and Job metadata contain only the declared names.
         The returned typed job resolves to the immutable Function version.
         Local connections raise ``NotImplementedError``.
         """
         if not isinstance(definition, UdfDefinition):
             raise TypeError("create_function_async requires a @udf definition")
         inner = await self._inner.create_function_async(
-            definition.registration_request.to_canonical_json()
+            definition._submission_json(secrets)
         )
         return _typed_job(inner, FunctionVersion.from_json)
 

python/python/lancedb/functions.py

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 """Canonical Function values exchanged with LanceDB Enterprise services.
 
 These immutable models contain client/wire state only. Catalog persistence,
-environment bake, and execution are owned by Sophon.
+environment bake, secret resolution, and execution are owned by Sophon.
 ``RefreshColumnResult`` is also the backend-neutral result of a local
 expression-backed refresh job.
 """
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ class PythonEnvironmentSpec(_RemoteValue):
 
 
 class PythonRuntimeSpec(_RemoteValue):
-    """Remote runtime definition with environment values.
+    """Remote runtime definition with non-secret environment values.
 
     V1 supports ``kind="python"``. Newer runtime kinds remain readable, while
     their unknown payload fields are intentionally not retained by the client.
@@ -268,6 +268,7 @@ class FunctionVersion(_RemoteValue):
     runtime: PythonRuntimeSpec
     runtime_digest: str
     environment_digest: str
+    required_secrets: tuple[str, ...] = ()
     created_at: str
 
     def __call__(self, **inputs: Any) -> FunctionApplication:
@@ -329,12 +330,17 @@ class FunctionVersion(_RemoteValue):
 
 
 class FunctionRegistrationRequest(_RemoteValue):
-    """Stable remote registration envelope produced by :func:`udf`."""
+    """Stable remote registration envelope produced by :func:`udf`.
+
+    Only secret names are represented. Secret values are supplied separately
+    when the definition is submitted and are not part of this durable value.
+    """
 
     name: str
     artifact: FunctionArtifactRequest
     signature: FunctionSignature
     runtime: PythonRuntimeSpec
+    required_secrets: tuple[str, ...] = ()
 
 
 class FunctionVersionRef(_OpenRemoteValue):
@@ -479,6 +485,27 @@ class RefreshColumnResult(_RemoteValue):
 
 
 _FUNCTION_NAME = re.compile(r"^[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z0-9_.-]*$")
+_SECRET_NAME = re.compile(r"^[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z0-9_]*$")
+# Keep this byte limit aligned with Sophon's MAX_FUNCTION_SECRET_VALUE_BYTES.
+_MAX_FUNCTION_SECRET_VALUE_BYTES = 64 * 1024
+_MAX_FUNCTION_SECRET_VALUES_BYTES = 512 * 1024
+
+
+def _validate_secret_value(name: str, value: Any) -> str:
+    """Validate one secret value before building the create request."""
+    if not isinstance(value, str):
+        raise TypeError(f"Function secret {name!r} value must be a string")
+    if not value:
+        raise ValueError(f"Function secret {name!r} value must be non-empty")
+    if "\0" in value:
+        raise ValueError(f"Function secret {name!r} value must not contain NUL")
+    value_bytes = len(value.encode("utf-8"))
+    if value_bytes > _MAX_FUNCTION_SECRET_VALUE_BYTES:
+        raise ValueError(
+            f"Function secret {name!r} value exceeds the "
+            f"{_MAX_FUNCTION_SECRET_VALUE_BYTES}-byte limit"
+        )
+    return value
 
 
 _GRAMMAR_PRIMITIVES = (
@@ -909,6 +936,7 @@ class UdfDefinition:
         output_schema: Optional[pa.DataType | pa.Field | pa.Schema],
         pip: tuple[str, ...],
         env: Mapping[str, str],
+        secrets: tuple[str, ...],
         python_version: Optional[str],
         conda: tuple[str, ...] = (),
         conda_channels: tuple[str, ...] = (),
@@ -935,6 +963,17 @@ class UdfDefinition:
             for key, value in environment.items()
         ):
             raise TypeError("Function env keys and values must be strings")
+        required_secrets = tuple(sorted(set(secrets)))
+        invalid_secrets = [
+            secret for secret in required_secrets if not _SECRET_NAME.fullmatch(secret)
+        ]
+        if invalid_secrets:
+            raise ValueError(f"invalid Function secret names: {invalid_secrets!r}")
+        overlap = set(environment) & set(required_secrets)
+        if overlap:
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"Function env and secret names must be disjoint: {sorted(overlap)!r}"
+            )
         signature = _infer_signature(function, input_schema, output_schema)
         source = _package_source(function)
         digest = f"sha256:{hashlib.sha256(source).hexdigest()}"
@@ -963,14 +1002,65 @@ class UdfDefinition:
             ),
             signature=signature,
             runtime=runtime,
+            required_secrets=required_secrets,
         )
         functools.update_wrapper(self, function)
 
     @property
     def registration_request(self) -> FunctionRegistrationRequest:
-        """The immutable request sent by ``create_function_async``."""
+        """The immutable, value-free client model for a Function submission."""
         return self._request
 
+    def _submission_json(self, secrets: Optional[Mapping[str, str]]) -> str:
+        """Build one registration submission without retaining values on self."""
+        if secrets is None:
+            secret_values: Mapping[str, str] = {}
+        elif not isinstance(secrets, Mapping):
+            raise TypeError("Function secrets must be a mapping of names to strings")
+        else:
+            secret_values = secrets
+
+        if any(not isinstance(name, str) for name in secret_values):
+            raise TypeError("Function secret names must be strings")
+        expected = set(self._request.required_secrets)
+        provided = set(secret_values)
+        if provided != expected:
+            missing = sorted(expected - provided)
+            unexpected = sorted(provided - expected)
+            details = []
+            if missing:
+                details.append(f"missing: {missing!r}")
+            if unexpected:
+                details.append(f"unexpected: {unexpected!r}")
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Function secret values must exactly match the declared secrets ("
+                + "; ".join(details)
+                + ")"
+            )
+
+        canonical_values = {}
+        total_bytes = 0
+        for name in sorted(secret_values):
+            value = _validate_secret_value(name, secret_values[name])
+            total_bytes += len(value.encode("utf-8"))
+            if total_bytes > _MAX_FUNCTION_SECRET_VALUES_BYTES:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    "Function secret values exceed the "
+                    f"{_MAX_FUNCTION_SECRET_VALUES_BYTES}-byte request limit"
+                )
+            canonical_values[name] = value
+
+        submission = self._request._known_dict()
+        if canonical_values:
+            submission["secret_values"] = canonical_values
+        return json.dumps(
+            submission,
+            ensure_ascii=False,
+            allow_nan=False,
+            sort_keys=True,
+            separators=(",", ":"),
+        )
+
     def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
         return self._function(*args, **kwargs)
 
@@ -988,6 +1078,7 @@ def udf(
     output_schema: Optional[pa.DataType | pa.Field | pa.Schema] = None,
     pip: tuple[str, ...] | list[str] = (),
     env: Optional[Mapping[str, str]] = None,
+    secrets: tuple[str, ...] | list[str] = (),
     python_version: Optional[str] = None,
     conda: tuple[str, ...] | list[str] = (),
     conda_channels: tuple[str, ...] | list[str] = (),
@@ -1002,6 +1093,7 @@ def udf(
     output_schema: Optional[pa.DataType | pa.Field | pa.Schema] = None,
     pip: tuple[str, ...] | list[str] = (),
     env: Optional[Mapping[str, str]] = None,
+    secrets: tuple[str, ...] | list[str] = (),
     python_version: Optional[str] = None,
     conda: tuple[str, ...] | list[str] = (),
     conda_channels: tuple[str, ...] | list[str] = (),
@@ -1032,7 +1124,10 @@ def udf(
     conda_channels : sequence of str, optional
         Conda channels in priority order; requires ``conda``.
     env : mapping of str to str, optional
-        Environment variables included in the Function definition.
+        Non-secret environment variables. Use ``secrets`` for credentials.
+    secrets : sequence of str, optional
+        Names of secrets required by the callable. Supply their values separately
+        to ``create_function`` or ``create_function_async``.
     python_version : str, optional
         Remote Python major/minor version. Defaults to the client version.
 
@@ -1054,11 +1149,15 @@ def udf(
     Examples
     --------
     >>> from lancedb import udf
-    >>> @udf(pip=["numpy==2.2.0"])
+    >>> @udf(pip=["numpy==2.2.0"], secrets=["MODEL_TOKEN"])
     ... def score(value: float) -> float:
     ...     return value * 2
     >>> score(1.5)
     3.0
+    >>> db.create_function(  # doctest: +SKIP
+    ...     score, secrets={"MODEL_TOKEN": "user-secret-value"}
+    ... )
+
     """
 
     def decorate(target: Callable[..., Any]) -> UdfDefinition:
@@ -1069,6 +1168,7 @@ def udf(
             output_schema=output_schema,
             pip=tuple(pip),
             env={} if env is None else env,
+            secrets=tuple(secrets),
             python_version=python_version,
             conda=tuple(conda),
             conda_channels=tuple(conda_channels),

python/python/lancedb/remote/db.py

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import json
 import logging
 from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor
 import sys
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Dict, Iterable, List, Optional, Union
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Dict, Iterable, List, Mapping, Optional, Union
 from urllib.parse import urlparse
 import warnings
 
@@ -742,8 +742,15 @@ class RemoteDBConnection(DBConnection):
         return Job(self._conn.job(job_id))
 
     @override
-    def create_function_async(self, definition: UdfDefinition) -> Job[FunctionVersion]:
-        return Job(LOOP.run(self._conn.create_function_async(definition)))
+    def create_function_async(
+        self,
+        definition: UdfDefinition,
+        *,
+        secrets: Optional[Mapping[str, str]] = None,
+    ) -> Job[FunctionVersion]:
+        return Job(
+            LOOP.run(self._conn.create_function_async(definition, secrets=secrets))
+        )
 
     @override
     def get_function(self, name: str, *, version: str) -> FunctionVersion:

python/python/lancedb/remote/table.py

@@ -67,16 +67,7 @@ from ..query import (
     LanceTakeQueryBuilder,
     LanceVectorQueryBuilder,
 )
-from ..table import (
-    AsyncTable,
-    BlobMode,
-    Branches,
-    CompactionOptions,
-    IndexStatistics,
-    Query,
-    Table,
-    Tags,
-)
+from ..table import AsyncTable, BlobMode, Branches, IndexStatistics, Query, Table, Tags
 from ..types import BaseTokenizerType
 
 
@@ -962,7 +953,6 @@ class RemoteTable(Table):
         *,
         cleanup_older_than: Optional[timedelta] = None,
         delete_unverified: bool = False,
-        compaction_options: Optional[CompactionOptions] = None,
     ):
         """
         optimize() is a no-op on LanceDB Cloud.

python/python/lancedb/table.py

@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@ from typing import (
     Optional,
     Sequence,
     Tuple,
-    TypedDict,
     Union,
     overload,
 )
@@ -228,88 +227,6 @@ IndexConfigType = Union[
     FTS,
 ]
 
-
-class CompactionOptions(TypedDict, total=False):
-    """Options that control file compaction during table optimization.
-
-    Unspecified options use Lance's defaults.
-
-    Compaction planning is row based. Lowering ``target_rows_per_fragment``
-    based on the expected row size can bound later compaction passes once
-    oversized fragments have been rewritten. It does not split an existing
-    fragment, so the first pass over an oversized fragment is not subject to
-    that bound. ``max_bytes_per_file`` limits output file size, not compaction
-    memory. Source budgets keep whole planned tasks; if the first task exceeds
-    a budget, that run performs no compaction work.
-
-    Examples
-    --------
-    Derive a steady-state row target from the expected row size:
-
-    >>> desired_fragment_bytes = 750 * 1024 * 1024
-    >>> average_row_bytes = 1_500_000
-    >>> options: CompactionOptions = {
-    ...     "target_rows_per_fragment": max(
-    ...         1, desired_fragment_bytes // average_row_bytes
-    ...     ),
-    ... }
-    >>> await table.optimize(compaction_options=options)  # doctest: +SKIP
-    """
-
-    target_rows_per_fragment: int
-    """Target rows per fragment; existing oversized fragments are not split."""
-
-    max_rows_per_group: int
-    """Maximum number of rows per row group (default: 1,024)."""
-
-    max_bytes_per_file: Optional[int]
-    """Maximum output data-file size; this does not bound compaction memory."""
-
-    materialize_deletions: bool
-    """Whether to rewrite fragments containing deleted rows (default: True)."""
-
-    materialize_deletions_threshold: float
-    """Minimum deleted-row fraction that makes a fragment eligible (default: 0.1)."""
-
-    num_threads: Optional[int]
-    """Number of compaction tasks to run in parallel."""
-
-    batch_size: Optional[int]
-    """Number of rows per input scan batch."""
-
-    io_buffer_size: Optional[int]
-    """Maximum number of bytes queued in the input scan I/O buffer."""
-
-    defer_index_remap: bool
-    """Whether to defer index remapping during compaction (default: False)."""
-
-    index_remap_mode: Literal["direct", "compact"]
-    """How to construct the old-to-new row-address mapping."""
-
-    compaction_mode: Optional[
-        Literal["reencode", "try_binary_copy", "force_binary_copy"]
-    ]
-    """Whether compaction re-encodes data or uses binary copying."""
-
-    binary_copy_read_batch_bytes: Optional[int]
-    """Number of bytes read per batch during binary-copy compaction."""
-
-    max_source_fragments: Optional[int]
-    """Maximum number of source fragments compacted in one run."""
-
-    max_source_rows: Optional[int]
-    """Maximum live source rows per run, applied to whole planned tasks."""
-
-    max_source_bytes: Optional[int]
-    """Maximum source bytes per run, applied to whole planned tasks."""
-
-    excluded_fragment_ids: List[int]
-    """Fragment IDs to leave unchanged and use as planning boundaries."""
-
-    max_overlays_per_fragment: Optional[int]
-    """Maximum overlays before a fragment is fully compacted."""
-
-
 # Known distance metrics for legacy API detection
 KNOWN_METRICS = {"l2", "cosine", "dot", "hamming"}
 
@@ -2132,7 +2049,6 @@ class Table(ABC):
         cleanup_older_than: Optional[timedelta] = None,
         delete_unverified: bool = False,
         retrain: bool = False,
-        compaction_options: Optional[CompactionOptions] = None,
     ):
         """
         Optimize the on-disk data and indices for better performance.
@@ -2165,11 +2081,6 @@ class Table(ABC):
 
         retrain: bool, default False
             This parameter is no longer used and is deprecated.
-        compaction_options: CompactionOptions, optional
-            Options that control file compaction. For large rows, derive a lower
-            ``target_rows_per_fragment`` from the expected row size to bound later
-            passes. This does not cap the first pass over an existing oversized
-            fragment; see [CompactionOptions][lancedb.table.CompactionOptions].
 
         Notes
         -----
@@ -2254,11 +2165,9 @@ class Table(ABC):
             Function columns are supported only on LanceDB Cloud and
             Enterprise.
         computed: Dict[str, str], optional
-            A mapping from output column names to SQL expressions derives each
-            output field from its expression. A direct projection of a Blob v2
-            field inherits Blob v2 semantics; other expressions derive their
-            ordinary Arrow type. Mapping order is declaration and dependency
-            order.
+            A map of column name to a SQL expression defining the column. The
+            column's type and inputs are derived from the expression, so no
+            data type is supplied.
 
             Unlike ``transforms``, the expression is stored rather than
             evaluated now: the column is committed with no values, and rows get
@@ -4290,7 +4199,6 @@ class LanceTable(Table):
         cleanup_older_than: Optional[timedelta] = None,
         delete_unverified: bool = False,
         retrain: bool = False,
-        compaction_options: Optional[CompactionOptions] = None,
     ):
         """
         Optimize the on-disk data and indices for better performance.
@@ -4323,11 +4231,6 @@ class LanceTable(Table):
 
         retrain: bool, default False
             This parameter is no longer used and is deprecated.
-        compaction_options: CompactionOptions, optional
-            Options that control file compaction. For large rows, derive a lower
-            ``target_rows_per_fragment`` from the expected row size to bound later
-            passes. This does not cap the first pass over an existing oversized
-            fragment; see [CompactionOptions][lancedb.table.CompactionOptions].
 
         Notes
         -----
@@ -4342,7 +4245,6 @@ class LanceTable(Table):
                 cleanup_older_than=cleanup_older_than,
                 delete_unverified=delete_unverified,
                 retrain=retrain,
-                compaction_options=compaction_options,
             )
         )
 
@@ -6366,11 +6268,8 @@ class AsyncTable:
             Function columns are supported only on LanceDB Cloud and
             Enterprise.
         computed: Dict[str, str], optional
-            A mapping from output column names to SQL expressions derives each
-            output field from its expression. A direct projection of a Blob v2
-            field inherits Blob v2 semantics; other expressions derive their
-            ordinary Arrow type. Mapping order is declaration and dependency
-            order.
+            A map of column name to a SQL expression defining the column. The
+            column's type and inputs are derived from the expression.
 
             Unlike ``transforms``, the expression is stored rather than
             evaluated now: the column is committed with no values, and rows get
@@ -6744,7 +6643,6 @@ class AsyncTable:
         cleanup_older_than: Optional[timedelta] = None,
         delete_unverified: bool = False,
         retrain=False,
-        compaction_options: Optional[CompactionOptions] = None,
     ) -> OptimizeStats:
         """
         Optimize the on-disk data and indices for better performance.
@@ -6777,11 +6675,6 @@ class AsyncTable:
 
         retrain: bool, default False
             This parameter is no longer used and is deprecated.
-        compaction_options: CompactionOptions, optional
-            Options that control file compaction. For large rows, derive a lower
-            ``target_rows_per_fragment`` from the expected row size to bound later
-            passes. This does not cap the first pass over an existing oversized
-            fragment; see [CompactionOptions][lancedb.table.CompactionOptions].
 
         Notes
         -----
@@ -6808,7 +6701,6 @@ class AsyncTable:
         return await self._inner.optimize(
             cleanup_since_ms=cleanup_since_ms,
             delete_unverified=delete_unverified,
-            compaction_options=compaction_options,
         )
 
     async def list_indices(self) -> Iterable[IndexConfig]:

python/python/tests/test_first_class_function_slice1.py

@@ -37,6 +37,21 @@ def job_result(name: str) -> dict:
     return json.loads(fixture(name))["result"]
 
 
+def assert_no_secret_values(value):
+    if isinstance(value, dict):
+        for key, child in value.items():
+            assert key not in {
+                "secret_value",
+                "secret_values",
+                "resolved_secret",
+                "resolved_secrets",
+            }
+            assert_no_secret_values(child)
+    elif isinstance(value, list):
+        for child in value:
+            assert_no_secret_values(child)
+
+
 def test_public_function_values_are_in_api_reference():
     docs = Path(__file__).parents[3] / "docs" / "src" / "python" / "python.md"
     rendered = docs.read_text()
@@ -94,6 +109,7 @@ def test_function_version_identity_is_immutable_and_exact():
     version = FunctionVersion.from_json(json.dumps(value))
     assert version.name == "embed"
     assert version.version == "fv_01K3EXACT"
+    assert version.required_secrets == ("HF_TOKEN",)
 
     with pytest.raises((TypeError, ValueError)):
         version.version = "fv_changed"
@@ -276,6 +292,15 @@ def test_refresh_result_rejects_non_u64_values(field):
         RefreshColumnResult.from_json(json.dumps(value))
 
 
+def test_canonical_client_values_contain_secret_names_only():
+    version = FunctionVersion.from_json(
+        json.dumps(job_result("remote_function_job.json"))
+    )
+    canonical = json.loads(version.to_canonical_json())
+    assert canonical["required_secrets"] == ["HF_TOKEN"]
+    assert_no_secret_values(canonical)
+
+
 class _FunctionDeclarationInner:
     def __init__(self):
         self.calls = []

python/python/tests/test_first_class_function_slice2.py

@@ -19,7 +19,13 @@ import pyarrow as pa
 import pytest
 
 import lancedb
-from lancedb.functions import UdfDefinition, udf
+from lancedb.functions import (
+    _MAX_FUNCTION_SECRET_VALUE_BYTES,
+    _MAX_FUNCTION_SECRET_VALUES_BYTES,
+    FunctionRegistrationRequest,
+    UdfDefinition,
+    udf,
+)
 
 THRESHOLD = 20
 _CACHE = None
@@ -39,12 +45,28 @@ FIXTURES = (
 @udf(
     pip=["numpy>=2"],
     env={"MODE": "test"},
+    secrets=["API_TOKEN"],
     python_version="3.12",
 )
 def normalize_score(value: float) -> float:
     return value / 100.0
 
 
+def _assert_no_secret_values(value):
+    if isinstance(value, dict):
+        for key, child in value.items():
+            assert key not in {
+                "secret_value",
+                "secret_values",
+                "resolved_secret",
+                "resolved_secrets",
+            }
+            _assert_no_secret_values(child)
+    elif isinstance(value, list):
+        for child in value:
+            _assert_no_secret_values(child)
+
+
 def test_scalar_udf_matches_shared_registration_golden_and_remains_callable():
     assert isinstance(normalize_score, UdfDefinition)
     assert normalize_score(25.0) == 0.25
@@ -59,6 +81,8 @@ def test_scalar_udf_matches_shared_registration_golden_and_remains_callable():
         "kind": "scalar_to_arrow_batch",
         "version": 1,
     }
+    assert request["required_secrets"] == ["API_TOKEN"]
+    _assert_no_secret_values(request)
 
 
 def _run_packaged(definition, *args):
@@ -372,6 +396,7 @@ def test_udf_recursion_versus_a_rebound_module_name(tmp_path):
         output_schema=None,
         pip=(),
         env={},
+        secrets=(),
         python_version=None,
     )
     with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="binds that name to another value"):
@@ -526,13 +551,54 @@ def test_annotation_and_explicit_schema_validation_fail_closed():
             return value
 
 
+def test_secret_names_are_canonical_and_disjoint_from_environment():
+    @udf(secrets=["Z_TOKEN", "A_TOKEN", "Z_TOKEN"])
+    def canonical_secrets(value: int) -> int:
+        return value
+
+    assert canonical_secrets.registration_request.required_secrets == (
+        "A_TOKEN",
+        "Z_TOKEN",
+    )
+
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="must be disjoint"):
+
+        @udf(env={"TOKEN": "plaintext"}, secrets=["TOKEN"])
+        def overlapping(value: int) -> int:
+            return value
+
+
+def test_declared_secret_api_still_requires_explicit_create_values():
+    @udf(secrets=["API_TOKEN"])
+    def declared_secret(value: int) -> int:
+        return value
+
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="missing"):
+        declared_secret._submission_json(None)
+    submission = json.loads(
+        declared_secret._submission_json({"API_TOKEN": "explicit-secret"})
+    )
+    assert submission["required_secrets"] == ["API_TOKEN"]
+    assert submission["secret_values"] == {"API_TOKEN": "explicit-secret"}
+
+
+def test_no_secrets_preserve_canonical_registration_shape():
+    @udf
+    def no_secrets(value: int) -> int:
+        return value
+
+    canonical = json.loads(no_secrets.registration_request.to_canonical_json())
+    assert "required_secrets" not in canonical
+    assert json.loads(no_secrets._submission_json(None)) == canonical
+
+
 def test_local_function_catalog_operations_are_not_supported(tmp_path):
     db = lancedb.connect(tmp_path)
     message = "Function catalog operations are not supported by this database"
     with pytest.raises(NotImplementedError, match=message):
-        db.create_function(normalize_score)
+        db.create_function(normalize_score, secrets={"API_TOKEN": "value"})
     with pytest.raises(NotImplementedError, match=message):
-        db.create_function_async(normalize_score)
+        db.create_function_async(normalize_score, secrets={"API_TOKEN": "value"})
     with pytest.raises(NotImplementedError, match=message):
         db.get_function("normalize_score", version="fv_exact")
 
@@ -562,6 +628,7 @@ def _mock_remote_function_catalog():
                     "runtime": body["runtime"],
                     "runtime_digest": "sha256:runtime",
                     "environment_digest": "sha256:environment",
+                    "required_secrets": body.get("required_secrets", []),
                     "created_at": "2026-08-21T00:00:00Z",
                 }
                 response = {"job_id": "job-register"}
@@ -608,7 +675,9 @@ def test_remote_registration_job_and_exact_version_reopen_round_trip():
             host_override=host,
             client_config={"retry_config": {"retries": 0}},
         )
-        registration = db.create_function_async(normalize_score)
+        registration = db.create_function_async(
+            normalize_score, secrets={"API_TOKEN": "secret-value"}
+        )
         assert registration.id == "job-register"
         created = registration.wait()
         reopened = db.get_function("normalize_score", version=created.version)
@@ -617,9 +686,18 @@ def test_remote_registration_job_and_exact_version_reopen_round_trip():
     assert reopened.name == "normalize_score"
     assert reopened.version == "fv_exact"
     create_request = state["requests"][0][1]
-    assert create_request == json.loads(
+    expected = json.loads(normalize_score.registration_request.to_canonical_json())
+    expected["secret_values"] = {"API_TOKEN": "secret-value"}
+    assert create_request == expected
+    durable_request = FunctionRegistrationRequest.from_json(json.dumps(create_request))
+    assert not hasattr(durable_request, "secret_values")
+    assert "secret_values" not in json.loads(durable_request.to_canonical_json())
+    assert "secret_values" not in json.loads(
         normalize_score.registration_request.to_canonical_json()
     )
+    assert "secret-value" not in repr(normalize_score)
+    assert "secret-value" not in repr(normalize_score.registration_request)
+    assert not hasattr(created, "secret_values")
 
 
 def test_blocking_remote_registration_returns_function_version():
@@ -630,7 +708,9 @@ def test_blocking_remote_registration_returns_function_version():
             host_override=host,
             client_config={"retry_config": {"retries": 0}},
         )
-        created = db.create_function(normalize_score)
+        created = db.create_function(
+            normalize_score, secrets={"API_TOKEN": "blocking-secret"}
+        )
 
     assert created.name == "normalize_score"
     assert created.version == "fv_exact"
@@ -638,3 +718,121 @@ def test_blocking_remote_registration_returns_function_version():
         "/v1/functions/create",
         "/v1/jobs/describe",
     ]
+    assert state["requests"][0][1]["secret_values"] == {"API_TOKEN": "blocking-secret"}
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    ("secret_values", "error_type", "message"),
+    [
+        (None, ValueError, "missing"),
+        ({}, ValueError, "missing"),
+        ({"OTHER": "value"}, ValueError, "missing.*unexpected"),
+        ({"API_TOKEN": ""}, ValueError, "non-empty"),
+        ({"API_TOKEN": "bad\0value"}, ValueError, "NUL"),
+        ({"API_TOKEN": 123}, TypeError, "must be a string"),
+        ([("API_TOKEN", "value")], TypeError, "must be a mapping"),
+    ],
+)
+def test_secret_values_are_validated_before_remote_request(
+    secret_values, error_type, message
+):
+    with _mock_remote_function_catalog() as (host, state):
+        db = lancedb.connect(
+            "db://dev",
+            api_key="fake",
+            host_override=host,
+            client_config={"retry_config": {"retries": 0}},
+        )
+        with pytest.raises(error_type, match=message):
+            db.create_function_async(normalize_score, secrets=secret_values)
+        assert state["requests"] == []
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "value",
+    [
+        "x" * _MAX_FUNCTION_SECRET_VALUE_BYTES,
+        "é" * (_MAX_FUNCTION_SECRET_VALUE_BYTES // len("é".encode("utf-8"))),
+    ],
+    ids=["ascii", "multibyte"],
+)
+def test_secret_value_accepts_exact_utf8_byte_limit(value):
+    submission = json.loads(normalize_score._submission_json({"API_TOKEN": value}))
+    assert submission["secret_values"]["API_TOKEN"] == value
+    assert len(value.encode("utf-8")) == _MAX_FUNCTION_SECRET_VALUE_BYTES
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "value",
+    [
+        "x" * (_MAX_FUNCTION_SECRET_VALUE_BYTES + 1),
+        "é" * (_MAX_FUNCTION_SECRET_VALUE_BYTES // len("é".encode("utf-8")) + 1),
+    ],
+    ids=["ascii", "multibyte"],
+)
+def test_secret_value_rejects_over_utf8_byte_limit_before_json_construction(
+    monkeypatch, value
+):
+    def fail_if_json_construction_starts(self):
+        pytest.fail("oversized secret reached JSON construction")
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        FunctionRegistrationRequest, "_known_dict", fail_if_json_construction_starts
+    )
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=r"exceeds the 65536-byte limit"):
+        normalize_score._submission_json({"API_TOKEN": value})
+
+
+def test_secret_values_accept_exact_aggregate_utf8_byte_limit(monkeypatch):
+    names = tuple(f"SECRET_{index}" for index in range(8))
+    value = "é" * (_MAX_FUNCTION_SECRET_VALUE_BYTES // len("é".encode("utf-8")))
+    values = {name: value for name in names}
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        normalize_score,
+        "_request",
+        normalize_score._request._copy(update={"required_secrets": names}),
+    )
+
+    submission = json.loads(normalize_score._submission_json(values))
+
+    assert submission["secret_values"] == values
+    assert sum(len(item.encode("utf-8")) for item in values.values()) == (
+        _MAX_FUNCTION_SECRET_VALUES_BYTES
+    )
+
+
+def test_secret_values_reject_aggregate_over_limit_before_construction(monkeypatch):
+    names = tuple(f"SECRET_{index}" for index in range(9))
+    values = {name: "x" * _MAX_FUNCTION_SECRET_VALUE_BYTES for name in names}
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        normalize_score,
+        "_request",
+        normalize_score._request._copy(update={"required_secrets": names}),
+    )
+
+    def fail_if_json_construction_starts(self):
+        pytest.fail("oversized aggregate reached JSON construction")
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        FunctionRegistrationRequest, "_known_dict", fail_if_json_construction_starts
+    )
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=r"exceed.*524288-byte request limit"):
+        normalize_score._submission_json(values)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_async_remote_registration_submits_secret_values_only_once():
+    with _mock_remote_function_catalog() as (host, state):
+        db = await lancedb.connect_async(
+            "db://dev",
+            api_key="fake",
+            host_override=host,
+            client_config={"retry_config": {"retries": 0}},
+        )
+        registration = await db.create_function_async(
+            normalize_score, secrets={"API_TOKEN": "async-secret"}
+        )
+        created = await registration.wait()
+
+    assert state["requests"][0][1]["secret_values"] == {"API_TOKEN": "async-secret"}
+    assert not hasattr(created, "secret_values")

python/python/tests/test_table.py

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor
 from datetime import date, datetime, timedelta
 from decimal import Decimal
 from time import sleep
-from typing import Any, List
+from typing import List
 from unittest.mock import patch
 
 import lancedb
@@ -3876,100 +3876,6 @@ async def test_optimize(mem_db_async: AsyncConnection):
     assert await table.query().to_arrow() == pa.table({"x": [[1], [2]]})
 
 
-@pytest.mark.asyncio
-async def test_optimize_compaction_options(mem_db_async: AsyncConnection):
-    table = await mem_db_async.create_table("test", data=[{"x": 1}])
-    await table.add([{"x": 2}])
-
-    stats = await table.optimize(
-        compaction_options={
-            "target_rows_per_fragment": 1,
-            "batch_size": 1,
-            "num_threads": 1,
-        }
-    )
-    assert stats.compaction.fragments_removed == 0
-    assert stats.compaction.fragments_added == 0
-
-    stats = await table.optimize(compaction_options={"target_rows_per_fragment": 3})
-    assert stats.compaction.fragments_removed == 2
-    assert stats.compaction.fragments_added == 1
-
-    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Invalid compaction option: unknown"):
-        await table.optimize(compaction_options={"unknown": 1})
-
-
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("option", ["max_source_rows", "max_source_bytes"])
-@pytest.mark.asyncio
-async def test_optimize_compaction_source_limits(
-    mem_db_async: AsyncConnection, option: str
-):
-    table = await mem_db_async.create_table("test", data=[{"x": 1}])
-    await table.add([{"x": 2}])
-
-    stats = await table.optimize(
-        compaction_options={
-            "target_rows_per_fragment": 3,
-            option: 1,
-        }
-    )
-    assert stats.compaction.fragments_removed == 0
-    assert stats.compaction.fragments_added == 0
-
-
-@pytest.mark.asyncio
-async def test_optimize_compaction_excluded_fragments(mem_db_async: AsyncConnection):
-    table = await mem_db_async.create_table("test", data=[{"x": 1}])
-    await table.add([{"x": 2}])
-
-    stats = await table.optimize(
-        compaction_options={
-            "target_rows_per_fragment": 3,
-            "excluded_fragment_ids": [0],
-        }
-    )
-    assert stats.compaction.fragments_removed == 0
-    assert stats.compaction.fragments_added == 0
-
-    stats = await table.optimize(compaction_options={"target_rows_per_fragment": 3})
-    assert stats.compaction.fragments_removed == 2
-    assert stats.compaction.fragments_added == 1
-
-
-@pytest.mark.parametrize(
-    ("option", "value", "message"),
-    [
-        ("target_rows_per_fragment", 0, "must be between 1 and 4294967295"),
-        ("max_rows_per_group", 0, "must be between 1 and 4294967295"),
-        ("batch_size", 0, "must be between 1 and 4294967295"),
-        ("num_threads", 0, "must be greater than 0"),
-        ("target_rows_per_fragment", 2**32, "must be between 1 and 4294967295"),
-        ("max_rows_per_group", 2**32, "must be between 1 and 4294967295"),
-        ("batch_size", 2**32, "must be between 1 and 4294967295"),
-        ("io_buffer_size", 2**63, "must be at most 9223372036854775807"),
-        ("max_source_rows", 0, "must be greater than 0"),
-        ("max_source_bytes", 0, "must be greater than 0"),
-        (
-            "excluded_fragment_ids",
-            [-1],
-            "must contain values between 0 and 4294967295",
-        ),
-        (
-            "excluded_fragment_ids",
-            [2**32],
-            "must contain values between 0 and 4294967295",
-        ),
-    ],
-)
-@pytest.mark.asyncio
-async def test_optimize_compaction_options_validation(
-    mem_db_async: AsyncConnection, option: str, value: Any, message: str
-):
-    table = await mem_db_async.create_table("test", data=[{"x": 1}])
-    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=message):
-        await table.optimize(compaction_options={option: value})
-
-
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 async def test_optimize_delete_unverified(tmp_db_async: AsyncConnection, tmp_path):
     table = await tmp_db_async.create_table(
@@ -4181,29 +4087,6 @@ def test_computed_column_rejects_transforms_and_computed_together(tmp_path):
         table.add_columns({"a": "x + 1"}, computed={"b": "x * 2"})
 
 
-def test_computed_column_blob_projection_inherits_semantics(tmp_path):
-    schema = pa.schema([pa.field("id", pa.int64()), lancedb.blob("image")])
-    db = lancedb.connect(tmp_path)
-    table = db.create_table("computed_column_blob", schema=schema)
-    table.add(
-        [
-            {"id": 1, "image": b"hello"},
-            {"id": 2, "image": b""},
-            {"id": 3, "image": None},
-        ]
-    )
-
-    table.add_columns(computed={"image_copy": "image", "second_copy": "image_copy"})
-    assert table.refresh_column("image_copy").rows_filled == 2
-    assert table.refresh_column("second_copy").rows_filled == 2
-    assert table.blob_columns() == ["image", "image_copy", "second_copy"]
-
-    hits = table.search().with_row_id(True).limit(10).to_arrow()
-    rows = sorted(zip(hits["id"].to_pylist(), hits["_rowid"].to_pylist()))
-    copied = table.fetch_blobs("second_copy", [row_id for _, row_id in rows])
-    assert copied.to_pylist() == [b"hello", b"", None]
-
-
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 async def test_computed_column_async(tmp_path):
     db = await lancedb.connect_async(tmp_path)

python/src/table.rs

@@ -20,9 +20,8 @@ use arrow::{
 use lancedb::blob::{BlobFile, BlobRangeRequest};
 use lancedb::index::scalar::FtsIndexBuilder;
 use lancedb::table::{
-    AddDataMode, ColumnAlteration, CompactionMode, CompactionOptions, Duration,
-    FieldMetadataUpdate, FtsToken as LanceDbFtsToken, IndexRemapMode, NewColumnTransform,
-    OptimizeAction, OptimizeOptions, Ref, Table as LanceDbTable,
+    AddDataMode, ColumnAlteration, Duration, FieldMetadataUpdate, FtsToken as LanceDbFtsToken,
+    NewColumnTransform, OptimizeAction, OptimizeOptions, Ref, Table as LanceDbTable,
 };
 use lancedb::tokenize as lancedb_tokenize;
 use pyo3::{
@@ -101,128 +100,6 @@ enum PredicateArg {
     Sql(String),
 }
 
-fn validate_positive_u32(value: u64, name: &str) -> PyResult<usize> {
-    if !(1..=u32::MAX as u64).contains(&value) {
-        return Err(PyValueError::new_err(format!(
-            "{name} must be between 1 and {}",
-            u32::MAX
-        )));
-    }
-    Ok(value as usize)
-}
-
-fn positive_u32(value: &Bound<'_, PyAny>, name: &str) -> PyResult<usize> {
-    validate_positive_u32(value.extract()?, name)
-}
-
-fn optional_positive_u32(value: &Bound<'_, PyAny>, name: &str) -> PyResult<Option<usize>> {
-    value
-        .extract::<Option<u64>>()?
-        .map(|value| validate_positive_u32(value, name))
-        .transpose()
-}
-
-fn optional_positive_usize(value: &Bound<'_, PyAny>, name: &str) -> PyResult<Option<usize>> {
-    let value: Option<usize> = value.extract()?;
-    if value == Some(0) {
-        return Err(PyValueError::new_err(format!(
-            "{name} must be greater than 0"
-        )));
-    }
-    Ok(value)
-}
-
-fn optional_positive_u64(value: &Bound<'_, PyAny>, name: &str) -> PyResult<Option<u64>> {
-    let value: Option<u64> = value.extract()?;
-    if value == Some(0) {
-        return Err(PyValueError::new_err(format!(
-            "{name} must be greater than 0"
-        )));
-    }
-    Ok(value)
-}
-
-fn u32_list(value: &Bound<'_, PyAny>, name: &str) -> PyResult<Vec<u32>> {
-    value
-        .extract::<Vec<i64>>()?
-        .into_iter()
-        .map(|value| {
-            u32::try_from(value).map_err(|_| {
-                PyValueError::new_err(format!(
-                    "{name} must contain values between 0 and {}",
-                    u32::MAX
-                ))
-            })
-        })
-        .collect()
-}
-
-fn optional_i64_bounded_u64(value: &Bound<'_, PyAny>, name: &str) -> PyResult<Option<u64>> {
-    let value: Option<u64> = value.extract()?;
-    if value.is_some_and(|value| value > i64::MAX as u64) {
-        return Err(PyValueError::new_err(format!(
-            "{name} must be at most {}",
-            i64::MAX
-        )));
-    }
-    Ok(value)
-}
-
-fn parse_compaction_options(options: Option<&Bound<'_, PyDict>>) -> PyResult<CompactionOptions> {
-    let mut parsed = CompactionOptions::default();
-    let Some(options) = options else {
-        return Ok(parsed);
-    };
-
-    for (key, value) in options.iter() {
-        let key: String = key.extract()?;
-        match key.as_str() {
-            "target_rows_per_fragment" => {
-                parsed.target_rows_per_fragment = positive_u32(&value, &key)?
-            }
-            "max_rows_per_group" => parsed.max_rows_per_group = positive_u32(&value, &key)?,
-            "max_bytes_per_file" => parsed.max_bytes_per_file = value.extract()?,
-            "materialize_deletions" => parsed.materialize_deletions = value.extract()?,
-            "materialize_deletions_threshold" => {
-                parsed.materialize_deletions_threshold = value.extract()?
-            }
-            "num_threads" => parsed.num_threads = optional_positive_usize(&value, &key)?,
-            "batch_size" => parsed.batch_size = optional_positive_u32(&value, &key)?,
-            "io_buffer_size" => parsed.io_buffer_size = optional_i64_bounded_u64(&value, &key)?,
-            "defer_index_remap" => parsed.defer_index_remap = value.extract()?,
-            "index_remap_mode" => {
-                let mode: String = value.extract()?;
-                parsed.index_remap_mode = IndexRemapMode::try_from(mode.as_str())
-                    .map_err(|err| PyValueError::new_err(err.to_string()))?;
-            }
-            "compaction_mode" => {
-                let mode: Option<String> = value.extract()?;
-                parsed.compaction_mode = mode
-                    .map(|mode| {
-                        CompactionMode::try_from(mode.as_str())
-                            .map_err(|err| PyValueError::new_err(err.to_string()))
-                    })
-                    .transpose()?;
-            }
-            "binary_copy_read_batch_bytes" => {
-                parsed.binary_copy_read_batch_bytes = value.extract()?
-            }
-            "max_source_fragments" => parsed.max_source_fragments = value.extract()?,
-            "max_source_rows" => parsed.max_source_rows = optional_positive_usize(&value, &key)?,
-            "max_source_bytes" => parsed.max_source_bytes = optional_positive_u64(&value, &key)?,
-            "excluded_fragment_ids" => parsed.excluded_fragment_ids = u32_list(&value, &key)?,
-            "max_overlays_per_fragment" => parsed.max_overlays_per_fragment = value.extract()?,
-            _ => {
-                return Err(PyValueError::new_err(format!(
-                    "Invalid compaction option: {key}"
-                )));
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    Ok(parsed)
-}
-
 /// Statistics about a compaction operation.
 #[pyclass(get_all, from_py_object)]
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
@@ -1463,15 +1340,13 @@ impl Table {
     }
 
     /// Optimize the on-disk data by compacting and pruning old data, for better performance.
-    #[pyo3(signature = (cleanup_since_ms=None, delete_unverified=None, compaction_options=None))]
-    pub fn optimize<'py>(
-        self_: PyRef<'py, Self>,
+    #[pyo3(signature = (cleanup_since_ms=None, delete_unverified=None))]
+    pub fn optimize(
+        self_: PyRef<'_, Self>,
         cleanup_since_ms: Option<u64>,
         delete_unverified: Option<bool>,
-        compaction_options: Option<&Bound<'py, PyDict>>,
-    ) -> PyResult<Bound<'py, PyAny>> {
+    ) -> PyResult<Bound<'_, PyAny>> {
         let inner = self_.inner_ref()?.clone();
-        let compaction_options = parse_compaction_options(compaction_options)?;
         let older_than = if let Some(ms) = cleanup_since_ms {
             if ms > i64::MAX as u64 {
                 return Err(PyValueError::new_err(format!(
@@ -1487,7 +1362,7 @@ impl Table {
         future_into_py(self_.py(), async move {
             let compaction_stats = inner
                 .optimize(OptimizeAction::Compact {
-                    options: compaction_options,
+                    options: lancedb::table::CompactionOptions::default(),
                     remap_options: None,
                 })
                 .await

rust/lancedb/Cargo.toml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [package]
 name = "lancedb"
-version = "0.38.0-beta.12"
+version = "0.38.0-beta.11"
 edition.workspace = true
 description = "LanceDB: A serverless, low-latency vector database for AI applications"
 license.workspace = true

rust/lancedb/src/function.rs

@@ -5,9 +5,9 @@
 //! backend-neutral terminal result of a computed-column refresh.
 //!
 //! This module contains client/wire values only. Catalog persistence,
-//! environment bake, and execution are owned by Sophon.
+//! environment bake, secret resolution, and execution are owned by Sophon.
 
-use std::collections::BTreeMap;
+use std::collections::{BTreeMap, BTreeSet};
 
 use serde::de::{self, DeserializeOwned};
 use serde::{Deserialize, Deserializer, Serialize, Serializer};
@@ -15,6 +15,16 @@ use serde_json::Value;
 
 use crate::{Error, Result};
 
+// Keep these byte limits aligned with Sophon's Function submission validation.
+pub(crate) const MAX_FUNCTION_SECRET_VALUE_BYTES: usize = 64 * 1024;
+const MAX_FUNCTION_SECRET_VALUES_BYTES: usize = 512 * 1024;
+
+fn is_portable_environment_name(name: &str) -> bool {
+    let mut bytes = name.bytes();
+    matches!(bytes.next(), Some(b'A'..=b'Z' | b'a'..=b'z' | b'_'))
+        && bytes.all(|byte| matches!(byte, b'A'..=b'Z' | b'a'..=b'z' | b'0'..=b'9' | b'_'))
+}
+
 fn invalid_json(error: impl std::fmt::Display) -> Error {
     Error::InvalidInput {
         message: format!("invalid remote Function JSON: {error}"),
@@ -198,6 +208,11 @@ pub struct PythonEnvironmentSpec {
 }
 
 /// Reproducible Python runtime definition understood by Sophon.
+///
+/// `env` contains non-secret values. Secret values are submission-only in the
+/// client model and do not become part of this public runtime identity;
+/// [`FunctionVersion::required_secrets`] contains names only. Sophon persists
+/// submitted values separately in the private execution artifact.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
 #[non_exhaustive]
 pub enum PythonRuntimeSpec {
@@ -239,7 +254,7 @@ impl PythonRuntimeSpec {
         }
     }
 
-    /// Environment variables, or `None` for an unknown kind.
+    /// Non-secret environment variables, or `None` for an unknown kind.
     pub fn env(&self) -> Option<&BTreeMap<String, String>> {
         match self {
             Self::Python { env, .. } => Some(env),
@@ -324,6 +339,8 @@ pub struct FunctionVersion {
     runtime: PythonRuntimeSpec,
     runtime_digest: String,
     environment_digest: String,
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Vec::is_empty")]
+    required_secrets: Vec<String>,
     created_at: String,
 }
 
@@ -356,6 +373,12 @@ impl FunctionVersion {
         &self.environment_digest
     }
 
+    /// Required secret names. Resolved values exist only in Sophon's private
+    /// execution artifact and worker launch path.
+    pub fn required_secrets(&self) -> &[String] {
+        &self.required_secrets
+    }
+
     pub fn created_at(&self) -> &str {
         &self.created_at
     }
@@ -397,12 +420,115 @@ pub struct FunctionArtifactRequest {
 }
 
 /// Stable request envelope for remote immutable Function registration.
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+///
+/// Secret values are submission-only in the client model. Sophon persists them
+/// in the database-scoped private execution artifact; returned
+/// [`FunctionVersion`] and Job metadata contain only
+/// [`Self::required_secrets`] names. Debug formatting always redacts values.
+#[derive(Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub struct FunctionRegistrationRequest {
     pub name: String,
     pub artifact: FunctionArtifactRequest,
     pub signature: FunctionSignature,
     pub runtime: PythonRuntimeSpec,
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Vec::is_empty")]
+    pub required_secrets: Vec<String>,
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "BTreeMap::is_empty")]
+    pub secret_values: BTreeMap<String, String>,
+}
+
+impl FunctionRegistrationRequest {
+    pub(crate) fn validate_secret_values(&self) -> Result<()> {
+        let mut required = BTreeSet::new();
+        for name in &self.required_secrets {
+            if !is_portable_environment_name(name) {
+                return Err(Error::InvalidInput {
+                    message: format!(
+                        "Function secret name {name:?} must be a portable environment variable name"
+                    ),
+                });
+            }
+            if !required.insert(name) {
+                return Err(Error::InvalidInput {
+                    message: format!("Function required_secrets contains duplicate name {name:?}"),
+                });
+            }
+        }
+
+        if let PythonRuntimeSpec::Python { env, .. } = &self.runtime
+            && let Some(name) = required.iter().find(|name| env.contains_key(**name))
+        {
+            return Err(Error::InvalidInput {
+                message: format!(
+                    "Function runtime env and secret names must be disjoint: {name:?}"
+                ),
+            });
+        }
+
+        let provided = self.secret_values.keys().collect::<BTreeSet<_>>();
+        if required != provided {
+            return Err(Error::InvalidInput {
+                message: "Function secret_values keys must exactly match required_secrets"
+                    .to_string(),
+            });
+        }
+
+        let mut total_bytes = 0usize;
+        for (name, value) in &self.secret_values {
+            if value.is_empty() {
+                return Err(Error::InvalidInput {
+                    message: format!("Function secret {name:?} value must be non-empty"),
+                });
+            }
+            if value.contains('\0') {
+                return Err(Error::InvalidInput {
+                    message: format!("Function secret {name:?} value must not contain NUL"),
+                });
+            }
+            if value.len() > MAX_FUNCTION_SECRET_VALUE_BYTES {
+                return Err(Error::InvalidInput {
+                    message: format!(
+                        "Function secret {name:?} value exceeds the \
+                         {MAX_FUNCTION_SECRET_VALUE_BYTES}-byte limit"
+                    ),
+                });
+            }
+            total_bytes =
+                total_bytes
+                    .checked_add(value.len())
+                    .ok_or_else(|| Error::InvalidInput {
+                        message: "Function secret values exceed the request byte limit".to_string(),
+                    })?;
+        }
+        if total_bytes > MAX_FUNCTION_SECRET_VALUES_BYTES {
+            return Err(Error::InvalidInput {
+                message: format!(
+                    "Function secret values exceed the \
+                     {MAX_FUNCTION_SECRET_VALUES_BYTES}-byte request limit"
+                ),
+            });
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+impl std::fmt::Debug for FunctionRegistrationRequest {
+    fn fmt(&self, formatter: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        let secret_values = self
+            .secret_values
+            .keys()
+            .map(|name| (name, "[REDACTED]"))
+            .collect::<BTreeMap<_, _>>();
+        formatter
+            .debug_struct("FunctionRegistrationRequest")
+            .field("name", &self.name)
+            .field("artifact", &self.artifact)
+            .field("signature", &self.signature)
+            .field("runtime", &self.runtime)
+            .field("required_secrets", &self.required_secrets)
+            .field("secret_values", &secret_values)
+            .finish()
+    }
 }
 
 impl_json!(FunctionRegistrationRequest);
@@ -587,6 +713,185 @@ impl RefreshColumnResult {
 
 impl_json!(RefreshColumnResult);
 
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod secret_value_tests {
+    use super::{
+        FunctionRegistrationRequest, MAX_FUNCTION_SECRET_VALUE_BYTES,
+        MAX_FUNCTION_SECRET_VALUES_BYTES, PythonRuntimeSpec,
+    };
+    use crate::Error;
+
+    fn request() -> FunctionRegistrationRequest {
+        FunctionRegistrationRequest::from_json(include_str!(
+            "../tests/fixtures/first_class_functions/v1/remote_function_registration_request.json"
+        ))
+        .unwrap()
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn validates_secret_name_and_value_invariants() {
+        let missing = request();
+        assert!(matches!(
+            missing.validate_secret_values(),
+            Err(Error::InvalidInput { message }) if message.contains("exactly match")
+        ));
+
+        let mut empty = request();
+        empty
+            .secret_values
+            .insert("API_TOKEN".to_string(), String::new());
+        assert!(matches!(
+            empty.validate_secret_values(),
+            Err(Error::InvalidInput { message }) if message.contains("non-empty")
+        ));
+
+        let mut nul = request();
+        nul.secret_values
+            .insert("API_TOKEN".to_string(), "before\0after".to_string());
+        assert!(matches!(
+            nul.validate_secret_values(),
+            Err(Error::InvalidInput { message }) if message.contains("NUL")
+        ));
+
+        let mut unexpected = request();
+        unexpected
+            .secret_values
+            .insert("OTHER".to_string(), "value".to_string());
+        assert!(matches!(
+            unexpected.validate_secret_values(),
+            Err(Error::InvalidInput { message }) if message.contains("exactly match")
+        ));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn rejects_invalid_duplicate_and_overlapping_secret_declarations() {
+        let mut invalid_name = request();
+        invalid_name.required_secrets = vec!["BAD=NAME".to_string()];
+        invalid_name
+            .secret_values
+            .insert("BAD=NAME".to_string(), "secret".to_string());
+
+        let mut duplicate = request();
+        duplicate.required_secrets = vec!["API_TOKEN".to_string(), "API_TOKEN".to_string()];
+        duplicate
+            .secret_values
+            .insert("API_TOKEN".to_string(), "secret".to_string());
+
+        let mut overlap = request();
+        overlap
+            .secret_values
+            .insert("API_TOKEN".to_string(), "secret".to_string());
+        if let PythonRuntimeSpec::Python { env, .. } = &mut overlap.runtime {
+            env.insert("API_TOKEN".to_string(), "public".to_string());
+        }
+
+        assert!(matches!(
+            invalid_name.validate_secret_values(),
+            Err(Error::InvalidInput { message }) if message.contains("portable environment variable")
+        ));
+        assert!(matches!(
+            duplicate.validate_secret_values(),
+            Err(Error::InvalidInput { message }) if message.contains("duplicate")
+        ));
+        assert!(matches!(
+            overlap.validate_secret_values(),
+            Err(Error::InvalidInput { message }) if message.contains("must be disjoint")
+        ));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn enforces_portable_secret_name_boundaries() {
+        for name in ["A", "_", "A0_"] {
+            let mut request = request();
+            request.required_secrets = vec![name.to_string()];
+            request
+                .secret_values
+                .insert(name.to_string(), "secret".to_string());
+            request.validate_secret_values().unwrap();
+        }
+
+        for name in ["", "0TOKEN", "BAD-NAME", "TÖKEN"] {
+            let mut request = request();
+            request.required_secrets = vec![name.to_string()];
+            request
+                .secret_values
+                .insert(name.to_string(), "secret".to_string());
+            assert!(matches!(
+                request.validate_secret_values(),
+                Err(Error::InvalidInput { message })
+                    if message.contains("portable environment variable")
+            ));
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn accepts_exact_secret_value_utf8_byte_limit() {
+        for value in [
+            "x".repeat(MAX_FUNCTION_SECRET_VALUE_BYTES),
+            "é".repeat(MAX_FUNCTION_SECRET_VALUE_BYTES / "é".len()),
+        ] {
+            assert_eq!(value.len(), MAX_FUNCTION_SECRET_VALUE_BYTES);
+            let mut request = request();
+            request.secret_values.insert("API_TOKEN".to_string(), value);
+            request.validate_secret_values().unwrap();
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn rejects_secret_value_over_utf8_byte_limit() {
+        for value in [
+            "x".repeat(MAX_FUNCTION_SECRET_VALUE_BYTES + 1),
+            "é".repeat(MAX_FUNCTION_SECRET_VALUE_BYTES / "é".len() + 1),
+        ] {
+            assert!(value.len() > MAX_FUNCTION_SECRET_VALUE_BYTES);
+            let mut request = request();
+            request.secret_values.insert("API_TOKEN".to_string(), value);
+            assert!(matches!(
+                request.validate_secret_values(),
+                Err(Error::InvalidInput { message }) if message.contains("65536-byte limit")
+            ));
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn rejects_aggregate_secret_value_bytes_over_server_limit() {
+        let mut request = request();
+        request.required_secrets = (0..9).map(|index| format!("SECRET_{index}")).collect();
+        request.secret_values = request
+            .required_secrets
+            .iter()
+            .map(|name| (name.clone(), "x".repeat(MAX_FUNCTION_SECRET_VALUE_BYTES)))
+            .collect();
+
+        assert!(matches!(
+            request.validate_secret_values(),
+            Err(Error::InvalidInput { message })
+                if message.contains(&format!("{MAX_FUNCTION_SECRET_VALUES_BYTES}-byte request limit"))
+        ));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn accepts_exact_aggregate_secret_value_byte_limit() {
+        let mut request = request();
+        request.required_secrets = (0..8).map(|index| format!("SECRET_{index}")).collect();
+        request.secret_values = request
+            .required_secrets
+            .iter()
+            .map(|name| (name.clone(), "x".repeat(MAX_FUNCTION_SECRET_VALUE_BYTES)))
+            .collect();
+
+        assert_eq!(
+            request
+                .secret_values
+                .values()
+                .map(String::len)
+                .sum::<usize>(),
+            MAX_FUNCTION_SECRET_VALUES_BYTES
+        );
+        request.validate_secret_values().unwrap();
+    }
+}
+
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod conda_environment_tests {
     use super::PythonEnvironmentSpec;

rust/lancedb/src/remote/client.rs

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ use reqwest::{
     Body, Request, RequestBuilder, Response,
     header::{HeaderMap, HeaderValue},
 };
+use serde_json::Value;
 use std::{collections::HashMap, future::Future, str::FromStr, sync::Arc, time::Duration};
 
 use crate::error::{Error, Result};
@@ -14,6 +15,60 @@ use crate::remote::db::RemoteOptions;
 use crate::remote::retry::{ResolvedRetryConfig, RetryCounter};
 
 const REQUEST_ID_HEADER: HeaderName = HeaderName::from_static("x-request-id");
+const REDACTED_JSON_VALUE: &str = "[REDACTED]";
+const SUPPRESSED_JSON_BODY: &str = "[JSON BODY SUPPRESSED]";
+
+fn is_sensitive_json_field(name: &str) -> bool {
+    name.to_ascii_lowercase().contains("secret")
+}
+
+fn redact_sensitive_json_fields(value: &mut Value) {
+    match value {
+        Value::Object(fields) => {
+            for (name, child) in fields {
+                if is_sensitive_json_field(name) {
+                    *child = Value::String(REDACTED_JSON_VALUE.to_string());
+                } else {
+                    redact_sensitive_json_fields(child);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        Value::Array(values) => values.iter_mut().for_each(redact_sensitive_json_fields),
+        _ => {}
+    }
+}
+
+fn redacted_json_body(request: &Request) -> Option<String> {
+    let body = request.body()?.as_bytes()?;
+    let mut value = serde_json::from_slice(body).ok()?;
+    redact_sensitive_json_fields(&mut value);
+    serde_json::to_string(&value).ok()
+}
+
+fn request_log_message(request: &Request, request_id: &str) -> String {
+    let prefix = format!(
+        "Sending request_id={}: {} {}",
+        request_id,
+        request.method(),
+        request.url()
+    );
+    let content_type = request
+        .headers()
+        .get("content-type")
+        .and_then(|value| value.to_str().ok())
+        .and_then(|value| value.split(';').next());
+    if content_type.is_some_and(|value| value.eq_ignore_ascii_case("application/json")) {
+        // Never format the raw Request here: its Debug representation is not a
+        // redaction boundary and may include the original body. If the JSON body
+        // cannot be structurally parsed, suppress it instead of logging raw bytes.
+        let body = redacted_json_body(request).unwrap_or_else(|| SUPPRESSED_JSON_BODY.to_string());
+        format!("{prefix} with body {body}")
+    } else {
+        // Method and URL are sufficient request context. Raw Request formatting
+        // may expose headers or a non-JSON body, so it is never a logging fallback.
+        prefix
+    }
+}
 
 /// Configuration for TLS/mTLS settings.
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
@@ -839,22 +894,9 @@ impl<S: HttpSend> RestfulLanceDbClient<S> {
         }
     }
 
-    pub(crate) fn log_request(&self, request: &Request, request_id: &String) {
+    pub(crate) fn log_request(&self, request: &Request, request_id: &str) {
         if log::log_enabled!(log::Level::Debug) {
-            let content_type = request
-                .headers()
-                .get("content-type")
-                .map(|v| v.to_str().unwrap());
-            if content_type == Some("application/json") {
-                let body = request.body().as_ref().unwrap().as_bytes().unwrap();
-                let body = String::from_utf8_lossy(body);
-                debug!(
-                    "Sending request_id={}: {:?} with body {}",
-                    request_id, request, body
-                );
-            } else {
-                debug!("Sending request_id={}: {:?}", request_id, request);
-            }
+            debug!("{}", request_log_message(request, request_id));
         }
     }
 
@@ -1077,6 +1119,49 @@ mod tests {
         ENV_MUTEX.lock().unwrap_or_else(|e| e.into_inner())
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn test_request_log_message_redacts_secrets_and_never_formats_raw_requests() {
+        const SECRET_SENTINEL: &str = "udf-secret-log-sentinel-7e4e";
+        const MALFORMED_SENTINEL: &str = "malformed-secret-log-sentinel-b652";
+        const NON_JSON_SENTINEL: &str = "non-json-secret-log-sentinel-7fd1";
+
+        let request = reqwest::Client::new()
+            .post("https://example.com/v1/functions/create")
+            .json(&serde_json::json!({
+                "name": "uses_secret",
+                "nested": {
+                    "secret_values": {"OPENAI_API_KEY": SECRET_SENTINEL},
+                    "safe": "visible-value"
+                }
+            }))
+            .build()
+            .unwrap();
+        let log_message = request_log_message(&request, "valid-json");
+
+        let malformed_request = reqwest::Client::new()
+            .post("https://example.com/v1/functions/create")
+            .header("content-type", "application/json; charset=utf-8")
+            .body(format!(r#"{{"secret_values":"{MALFORMED_SENTINEL}""#))
+            .build()
+            .unwrap();
+        let malformed_log_message = request_log_message(&malformed_request, "malformed-json");
+
+        let non_json_request = reqwest::Client::new()
+            .post("https://example.com/v1/functions/create")
+            .header("content-type", "text/plain")
+            .body(NON_JSON_SENTINEL)
+            .build()
+            .unwrap();
+        let non_json_log_message = request_log_message(&non_json_request, "non-json");
+
+        assert!(log_message.contains("visible-value"));
+        assert!(log_message.contains(REDACTED_JSON_VALUE));
+        assert!(!log_message.contains(SECRET_SENTINEL));
+        assert!(malformed_log_message.contains(SUPPRESSED_JSON_BODY));
+        assert!(!malformed_log_message.contains(MALFORMED_SENTINEL));
+        assert!(!non_json_log_message.contains(NON_JSON_SENTINEL));
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn test_timeout_config_default() {
         let config = TimeoutConfig::default();

rust/lancedb/src/remote/db.rs

@@ -554,6 +554,7 @@ impl<S: HttpSend> Database for RemoteDatabase<S> {
         &self,
         request: FunctionRegistrationRequest,
     ) -> Result<Job<FunctionVersion>> {
+        request.validate_secret_values()?;
         let req = self.client.post("/v1/functions/create").json(&request);
         let (request_id, response) = self.client.send(req).await?;
         let response = self.client.check_response(&request_id, response).await?;
@@ -2642,7 +2643,8 @@ mod tests {
         );
         const FUNCTION_JOB: &str =
             include_str!("../../tests/fixtures/first_class_functions/v1/remote_function_job.json");
-        let expected: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(REQUEST).unwrap();
+        let mut expected: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(REQUEST).unwrap();
+        expected["secret_values"] = serde_json::json!({"API_TOKEN": "secret-value"});
         let conn = Connection::new_with_handler(move |request| match request.url().path() {
             "/v1/functions/create" => {
                 assert_eq!(request.method(), &reqwest::Method::POST);
@@ -2660,7 +2662,10 @@ mod tests {
                 .unwrap(),
             path => panic!("unexpected path: {path}"),
         });
-        let request = crate::function::FunctionRegistrationRequest::from_json(REQUEST).unwrap();
+        let mut request = crate::function::FunctionRegistrationRequest::from_json(REQUEST).unwrap();
+        request
+            .secret_values
+            .insert("API_TOKEN".to_string(), "secret-value".to_string());
         let job = conn.create_function_async(request).await.unwrap();
         assert_eq!(job.id(), Some("job-function-1"));
         let version = job.wait().await.unwrap();
@@ -2668,6 +2673,32 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(version.version(), "fv_01K3EXACT");
     }
 
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn test_create_function_async_validates_secrets_before_serialization_and_send() {
+        const REQUEST: &str = include_str!(
+            "../../tests/fixtures/first_class_functions/v1/remote_function_registration_request.json"
+        );
+        let sends = Arc::new(AtomicUsize::new(0));
+        let sends_ref = sends.clone();
+        let conn = Connection::new_with_handler(move |_| {
+            sends_ref.fetch_add(1, Ordering::SeqCst);
+            http::Response::builder().status(500).body("").unwrap()
+        });
+        let mut request = crate::function::FunctionRegistrationRequest::from_json(REQUEST).unwrap();
+        request.secret_values.insert(
+            "API_TOKEN".to_string(),
+            "x".repeat(crate::function::MAX_FUNCTION_SECRET_VALUE_BYTES + 1),
+        );
+
+        let error = conn.create_function_async(request).await.unwrap_err();
+
+        assert!(matches!(
+            error,
+            Error::InvalidInput { message } if message.contains("65536-byte limit")
+        ));
+        assert_eq!(sends.load(Ordering::SeqCst), 0);
+    }
+
     #[tokio::test]
     async fn test_get_function_requires_and_sends_exact_version() {
         const VERSION: &str = include_str!(

rust/lancedb/src/remote/table.rs

@@ -3180,8 +3180,8 @@ impl<S: HttpSend> BaseTable for RemoteTable<S> {
             self.schema().await?.as_ref(),
             "schema evolution",
         )?;
-        // The server plans the declaration against its table schema, including
-        // Blob v2 semantics inherited by a direct field projection.
+        // The server plans the declaration: expression validation, type
+        // inference and the persisted binding all happen there.
         let entries = columns
             .iter()
             .map(
@@ -5734,9 +5734,8 @@ mod tests {
             ))
             .execute()
             .await;
-        let err = match result {
-            Ok(_) => panic!("legacy remote query unexpectedly succeeded"),
-            Err(err) => err,
+        let Err(err) = result else {
+            panic!("legacy remote query unexpectedly succeeded")
         };
 
         assert!(
@@ -7388,8 +7387,8 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(result.version, if old_server { 0 } else { 43 });
     }
 
-    /// A declaration is sent as `{name, computed}` for the server to plan; the
-    /// client never types the expression itself.
+    /// A declaration is sent as `{name, computed}` entries for the server to
+    /// plan; the client never types the expression itself.
     #[tokio::test]
     async fn test_add_computed_columns_sends_the_expression() {
         let table = Table::new_with_handler("my_table", |request| match request.url().path() {

rust/lancedb/src/table.rs

@@ -103,9 +103,7 @@ pub use lance::dataset::refs::{BranchContents, Ref, TagContents, Tags as LanceTa
 pub use lance::dataset::scanner::DatasetRecordBatchStream;
 pub use lance_index::optimize::OptimizeOptions;
 pub use lsm_stats::{BucketStats, GenerationStats, LsmStats, MemtableStats};
-pub use optimize::{
-    CompactionMode, CompactionOptions, IndexRemapMode, OptimizeAction, OptimizeStats,
-};
+pub use optimize::{CompactionOptions, OptimizeAction, OptimizeStats};
 pub use refresh::RefreshColumnResult;
 pub use schema_evolution::{
     AddColumnsResult, AlterColumnsResult, DropColumnsResult, FieldMetadataUpdate,
@@ -752,8 +750,8 @@ pub trait BaseTable: std::fmt::Display + std::fmt::Debug + Send + Sync {
     /// Declare computed columns, each defined by a SQL expression.
     ///
     /// Where the declaration is planned depends on the backend: a local table
-    /// validates and types the expression itself, while a remote one sends the
-    /// expression for the server to plan.
+    /// validates and types the expression itself, a remote one sends the text
+    /// for the server to plan.
     async fn add_computed_columns(
         &self,
         _columns: &[(String, String)],

rust/lancedb/src/table/computed_columns.rs

@@ -9,35 +9,29 @@
 //! refresh fills the rows.
 //!
 //! The rule is tagged by kind ([`ComputedColumnKind`]) because kinds differ in
-//! where the column's type and inputs come from. A SQL expression determines
-//! its inputs and physical result type. A direct projection of a Blob v2 field
-//! also inherits that field's semantic type while execution continues to use
-//! `LargeBinary`. A kind resolved through a registry cannot be typed without
-//! consulting it.
-//! Registered Functions use an exact remote version plus a schema-level
-//! Function binding; unknown newer kinds remain readable and fail closed
-//! before mutation.
+//! where the column's type and inputs come from. A SQL expression is
+//! self-describing -- both are derived from the expression, so a caller writes
+//! neither -- while a kind resolved through a registry cannot be typed without
+//! consulting it. Registered Functions use an exact remote version plus a
+//! schema-level Function binding; unknown newer kinds remain readable and fail
+//! closed before mutation.
 //!
 //! [`computed_columns`] and [`computed_column_from_field`] read declarations
 //! back off a schema.
 
-use std::collections::{BTreeSet, HashMap, HashSet};
+use std::collections::{BTreeSet, HashMap};
 use std::sync::Arc;
 
 use arrow_schema::{DataType, Field as ArrowField, Fields, Schema as ArrowSchema, SchemaRef};
-use datafusion_common::{ScalarValue, tree_node::TreeNode};
-use datafusion_expr::Expr;
+use datafusion_common::tree_node::TreeNode;
 use datafusion_physical_plan::PhysicalExpr;
 use lance::dataset::NewColumnTransform;
-use lance_arrow::FieldExt;
-use lance_core::datatypes::{BLOB_V2_DESC_FIELD, format_field_path_minimal, parse_field_path};
 use lance_datafusion::planner::Planner;
 use lance_namespace::models::{JsonArrowDataType, JsonArrowField, JsonArrowSchema};
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use serde_json::Value;
 
 use crate::function::{FunctionApplication, FunctionBinding};
-use crate::utils::resolve_arrow_field_path;
 use crate::{Error, Result};
 
 /// Field metadata key marking a column as computed. The value is `"true"`.
@@ -1112,20 +1106,15 @@ pub(crate) fn ensure_no_foreign_declarations<'a>(
     fields: impl IntoIterator<Item = &'a Arc<ArrowField>>,
 ) -> Result<()> {
     for field in fields {
-        ensure_no_foreign_declaration(field)?;
-    }
-    Ok(())
-}
-
-fn ensure_no_foreign_declaration(field: &ArrowField) -> Result<()> {
-    if field.metadata().keys().any(|k| is_declaration_key(k)) {
-        return Err(Error::InvalidInput {
-            message: format!(
-                "field '{}' carries computed-column metadata; declare computed columns \
-                 with add_columns().computed()",
-                field.name()
-            ),
-        });
+        if field.metadata().keys().any(|k| is_declaration_key(k)) {
+            return Err(Error::InvalidInput {
+                message: format!(
+                    "field '{}' carries computed-column metadata; declare computed columns \
+                     with add_columns().computed()",
+                    field.name()
+                ),
+            });
+        }
     }
     Ok(())
 }
@@ -1173,154 +1162,15 @@ pub(crate) struct BoundExpression {
     /// The columns the expression names, as written; nested inputs keep
     /// their dotted path.
     pub inputs: Vec<String>,
-    /// The top-level columns evaluation reads, in physical-expression order.
-    /// A nested input appears through its root.
+    /// The top-level columns evaluation reads, in [`Self::read_schema`]
+    /// order. A nested input appears through its root.
     pub roots: Vec<String>,
+    /// The projected schema evaluation runs against.
+    pub read_schema: SchemaRef,
     /// The compiled expression.
     pub physical: Arc<dyn PhysicalExpr>,
     /// The type the expression yields.
     pub data_type: DataType,
-    /// Blob v2 leaves the scan must materialize as `LargeBinary`.
-    pub blob_paths: Vec<String>,
-    /// A directly projected Blob v2 field whose semantics the output inherits.
-    projected_blob_field: Option<ArrowField>,
-}
-
-fn is_direct_field_projection(expr: &Expr) -> bool {
-    match expr {
-        Expr::Column(_) => true,
-        Expr::ScalarFunction(function)
-            if function.name() == "get_field" && function.args.len() == 2 =>
-        {
-            is_direct_field_projection(&function.args[0])
-                && matches!(
-                    &function.args[1],
-                    Expr::Literal(ScalarValue::Utf8(Some(_)), _)
-                )
-        }
-        _ => false,
-    }
-}
-
-fn projected_blob_field(schema: &ArrowSchema, expr: &Expr) -> Result<Option<ArrowField>> {
-    if !is_direct_field_projection(expr) {
-        return Ok(None);
-    }
-    let paths = Planner::column_names_in_expr(expr);
-    let [path] = paths.as_slice() else {
-        return Ok(None);
-    };
-    let (_, field) = resolve_arrow_field_path(schema, path)?;
-    Ok(field.is_blob_v2().then_some(field))
-}
-
-fn collect_blob_paths(field: &ArrowField, parent: &[String], paths: &mut Vec<Vec<String>>) {
-    let mut path = parent.to_vec();
-    path.push(field.name().clone());
-    if field.is_blob_v2() {
-        paths.push(path);
-        return;
-    }
-    match field.data_type() {
-        DataType::Struct(children) => {
-            for child in children {
-                collect_blob_paths(child, &path, paths);
-            }
-        }
-        DataType::List(child)
-        | DataType::LargeList(child)
-        | DataType::FixedSizeList(child, _)
-        | DataType::Map(child, _) => collect_blob_paths(child, &path, paths),
-        _ => {}
-    }
-}
-
-fn schema_blob_paths(schema: &ArrowSchema) -> Vec<Vec<String>> {
-    let mut paths = Vec::new();
-    for field in schema.fields() {
-        collect_blob_paths(field, &[], &mut paths);
-    }
-    paths
-}
-
-fn transform_blob_field(
-    field: &ArrowField,
-    parent: &[String],
-    materialized: &HashSet<Vec<String>>,
-) -> ArrowField {
-    let mut path = parent.to_vec();
-    path.push(field.name().clone());
-    if field.is_blob_v2() {
-        if materialized.contains(&path) {
-            return ArrowField::new(field.name(), DataType::LargeBinary, field.is_nullable());
-        }
-        return ArrowField::new(
-            field.name(),
-            BLOB_V2_DESC_FIELD.data_type().clone(),
-            field.is_nullable(),
-        )
-        .with_metadata(BLOB_V2_DESC_FIELD.metadata().clone());
-    }
-
-    let data_type = match field.data_type() {
-        DataType::Struct(children) => DataType::Struct(
-            children
-                .iter()
-                .map(|child| Arc::new(transform_blob_field(child, &path, materialized)))
-                .collect(),
-        ),
-        DataType::List(child) => {
-            DataType::List(Arc::new(transform_blob_field(child, &path, materialized)))
-        }
-        DataType::LargeList(child) => {
-            DataType::LargeList(Arc::new(transform_blob_field(child, &path, materialized)))
-        }
-        DataType::FixedSizeList(child, size) => DataType::FixedSizeList(
-            Arc::new(transform_blob_field(child, &path, materialized)),
-            *size,
-        ),
-        DataType::Map(child, sorted) => DataType::Map(
-            Arc::new(transform_blob_field(child, &path, materialized)),
-            *sorted,
-        ),
-        _ => return field.clone(),
-    };
-    ArrowField::new(field.name(), data_type, field.is_nullable())
-        .with_metadata(field.metadata().clone())
-}
-
-fn blob_runtime_schema(schema: &ArrowSchema, materialized: &HashSet<Vec<String>>) -> SchemaRef {
-    Arc::new(ArrowSchema::new_with_metadata(
-        schema
-            .fields()
-            .iter()
-            .map(|field| Arc::new(transform_blob_field(field, &[], materialized)))
-            .collect::<Fields>(),
-        schema.metadata().clone(),
-    ))
-}
-
-fn referenced_blob_paths(schema: &ArrowSchema, inputs: &[String]) -> Result<Vec<Vec<String>>> {
-    let input_paths = inputs
-        .iter()
-        .map(|input| {
-            parse_field_path(input).map_err(|error| Error::InvalidInput {
-                message: format!("invalid computed-column input path '{input}': {error}"),
-            })
-        })
-        .collect::<Result<Vec<_>>>()?;
-    Ok(schema_blob_paths(schema)
-        .into_iter()
-        .filter(|blob_path| {
-            input_paths.iter().any(|input_path| {
-                input_path.len() <= blob_path.len()
-                    && input_path
-                        .iter()
-                        .zip(blob_path)
-                        .all(|(input, blob)| input == blob)
-            })
-        })
-        .collect())
 }
 
 /// Parse, resolve and compile `expression` against `schema`.
@@ -1335,18 +1185,10 @@ pub(crate) fn bind(schema: SchemaRef, column: &str, expression: &str) -> Result<
         message,
     };
 
-    // Blob v2 is a semantic type whose runtime expression ABI is
-    // `LargeBinary`. Parse against that ABI first so a direct Blob reference
-    // is not mistaken for its storage descriptor struct.
-    let all_blob_paths = schema_blob_paths(schema.as_ref())
-        .into_iter()
-        .collect::<HashSet<_>>();
-    let parsing_schema = blob_runtime_schema(schema.as_ref(), &all_blob_paths);
-    let planner = Planner::new(parsing_schema);
+    let planner = Planner::new(schema.clone());
     let parsed = planner
         .parse_expr(expression)
         .map_err(|e| invalid(e.to_string()))?;
-    let projected_blob_field = projected_blob_field(schema.as_ref(), &parsed)?;
 
     // A declaration is evaluated more than once -- staging and writing are
     // separate passes, and a refresh years later replays the same text -- so
@@ -1376,19 +1218,13 @@ pub(crate) fn bind(schema: SchemaRef, column: &str, expression: &str) -> Result<
     inputs.sort();
     inputs.dedup();
 
-    let blob_paths = referenced_blob_paths(schema.as_ref(), &inputs)?;
-    let runtime_schema = blob_runtime_schema(
-        schema.as_ref(),
-        &blob_paths.iter().cloned().collect::<HashSet<_>>(),
-    );
-
     // A nested input is recorded by its path but read through its root
     // column; Schema::index_of resolves top-level names only. Resolved here
     // rather than left to the planner so an unknown column names itself in
     // the error instead of surfacing as a plan failure.
     let mut indices = Vec::with_capacity(inputs.len());
     for input in &inputs {
-        let index = runtime_schema
+        let index = schema
             .index_of(root(input))
             .map_err(|_| invalid(format!("unknown column '{input}'")))?;
         if !indices.contains(&index) {
@@ -1401,7 +1237,7 @@ pub(crate) fn bind(schema: SchemaRef, column: &str, expression: &str) -> Result<
     // compiles the expression has to be built on the projected schema
     // evaluation will actually read.
     let read_schema = Arc::new(
-        runtime_schema
+        schema
             .project(&indices)
             .map_err(|e| invalid(e.to_string()))?,
     );
@@ -1411,8 +1247,7 @@ pub(crate) fn bind(schema: SchemaRef, column: &str, expression: &str) -> Result<
         .map(|field| field.name().clone())
         .collect();
 
-    let runtime_planner = Planner::new(runtime_schema);
-    let optimized = runtime_planner
+    let optimized = planner
         .optimize_expr(parsed)
         .map_err(|e| invalid(e.to_string()))?;
     let physical = Planner::new(read_schema.clone())
@@ -1425,16 +1260,9 @@ pub(crate) fn bind(schema: SchemaRef, column: &str, expression: &str) -> Result<
     Ok(BoundExpression {
         inputs,
         roots,
+        read_schema,
         physical,
         data_type,
-        blob_paths: blob_paths
-            .iter()
-            .map(|path| {
-                let segments = path.iter().map(String::as_str).collect::<Vec<_>>();
-                format_field_path_minimal(&segments)
-            })
-            .collect(),
-        projected_blob_field,
     })
 }
 
@@ -1447,10 +1275,10 @@ pub(crate) fn bind(schema: SchemaRef, column: &str, expression: &str) -> Result<
 /// is one a refresh can always act on.
 ///
 /// Each accepted column joins the schema the next one resolves against, so a
-/// batch may declare `a` and then `b = a + 1` in one commit. Refresh order
-/// then matters, and refresh enforces it: `b` is refused while `a` still has
-/// unfilled rows.
-fn plan_declarations(schema: SchemaRef, columns: &[(String, String)]) -> Result<Vec<ArrowField>> {
+/// batch may declare `a` and then `b = a + 1` in one commit. Refresh fills a
+/// column's computed inputs before the column, so the order of refresh calls
+/// does not matter.
+pub(crate) fn plan(schema: SchemaRef, columns: &[(String, String)]) -> Result<Vec<ArrowField>> {
     if columns.is_empty() {
         return Err(Error::InvalidInput {
             message: "at least one computed column is required".into(),
@@ -1462,28 +1290,15 @@ fn plan_declarations(schema: SchemaRef, columns: &[(String, String)]) -> Result<
 
     for (name, expression) in columns {
         if schema.field_with_name(name).is_ok() {
-            return Err(Error::ColumnAlreadyExists {
-                name: name.to_string(),
-            });
+            return Err(Error::ColumnAlreadyExists { name: name.clone() });
         }
 
         let bound = bind(schema.clone(), name, expression)?;
 
         // Declared columns start entirely null, so nullability is a property
         // of the declaration rather than of what the expression yields.
-        let computed_metadata = computed_column_metadata(expression, &bound.inputs);
-        let field = match bound.projected_blob_field {
-            Some(source) => {
-                let mut metadata = source.metadata().clone();
-                metadata.retain(|key, _| !is_declaration_key(key));
-                metadata.extend(computed_metadata);
-                source
-                    .with_name(name)
-                    .with_nullable(true)
-                    .with_metadata(metadata)
-            }
-            None => ArrowField::new(name, bound.data_type, true).with_metadata(computed_metadata),
-        };
+        let field = ArrowField::new(name, bound.data_type, true)
+            .with_metadata(computed_column_metadata(expression, &bound.inputs));
         schema = Arc::new(ArrowSchema::new_with_metadata(
             schema
                 .fields()
@@ -1499,10 +1314,6 @@ fn plan_declarations(schema: SchemaRef, columns: &[(String, String)]) -> Result<
     Ok(fields)
 }
 
-pub(crate) fn plan(schema: SchemaRef, columns: &[(String, String)]) -> Result<Vec<ArrowField>> {
-    plan_declarations(schema, columns)
-}
-
 /// Run the schema-level checks of
 /// [`AddColumnsBuilder::computed`](super::AddColumnsBuilder::computed) against
 /// `schema` without committing: the Function-binding guard and the planning of
@@ -1541,7 +1352,7 @@ pub(crate) fn declare(
     schema: SchemaRef,
     columns: &[(String, String)],
 ) -> Result<NewColumnTransform> {
-    let fields = plan_declarations(schema, columns)?;
+    let fields = plan(schema, columns)?;
     Ok(NewColumnTransform::AllNulls(Arc::new(ArrowSchema::new(
         fields,
     ))))
@@ -1667,44 +1478,6 @@ mod tests {
         );
     }
 
-    #[test]
-    fn test_direct_blob_projection_inherits_semantics() {
-        let schema = Arc::new(ArrowSchema::new(vec![crate::blob("image", false)]));
-        let fields = plan(
-            schema,
-            &[
-                ("first".to_string(), "image".to_string()),
-                ("second".to_string(), "first".to_string()),
-            ],
-        )
-        .unwrap();
-
-        for field in &fields {
-            assert!(field.is_blob_v2());
-            assert!(field.is_nullable());
-        }
-        assert_eq!(
-            fields[1]
-                .metadata()
-                .get(EXPRESSION_META_KEY)
-                .map(String::as_str),
-            Some("first")
-        );
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_blob_expression_transformation_does_not_inherit_semantics() {
-        let schema = Arc::new(ArrowSchema::new(vec![crate::blob("image", true)]));
-        let fields = plan(
-            schema,
-            &[("payload".to_string(), "coalesce(image, image)".to_string())],
-        )
-        .unwrap();
-
-        assert!(!fields[0].is_blob_v2());
-        assert_eq!(fields[0].data_type(), &DataType::LargeBinary);
-    }
-
     /// The binding reaches the schema only if `AllNulls` carries per-field
     /// metadata through the commit. The whole representation rests on it.
     #[tokio::test]

rust/lancedb/src/table/optimize.rs

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ use lance_index::optimize::OptimizeOptions;
 use log::info;
 
 pub use chrono::Duration;
-pub use lance::dataset::optimize::{CompactionMode, CompactionOptions, IndexRemapMode};
+pub use lance::dataset::optimize::CompactionOptions;
 
 use super::NativeTable;
 use crate::error::Result;

rust/lancedb/tests/first_class_function_slice1.rs

@@ -20,6 +20,25 @@ fn job_result(name: &str) -> Value {
     serde_json::from_str::<Value>(&fixture(name)).expect("remote Job fixture")["result"].clone()
 }
 
+fn assert_no_secret_values(value: &Value) {
+    match value {
+        Value::Object(values) => {
+            for (key, value) in values {
+                assert!(
+                    !matches!(
+                        key.as_str(),
+                        "secret_value" | "secret_values" | "resolved_secret" | "resolved_secrets"
+                    ),
+                    "client canonical value must not model resolved secret material"
+                );
+                assert_no_secret_values(value);
+            }
+        }
+        Value::Array(values) => values.iter().for_each(assert_no_secret_values),
+        _ => {}
+    }
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn function_version_job_result_matches_shared_canonical_golden() {
     let result = job_result("remote_function_job.json");
@@ -28,6 +47,7 @@ fn function_version_job_result_matches_shared_canonical_golden() {
     assert_eq!(version.name(), "embed");
     assert_eq!(version.version(), "fv_01K3EXACT");
     assert_eq!(version.runtime_digest(), "sha256:runtime");
+    assert_eq!(version.required_secrets(), &["HF_TOKEN"]);
     assert_eq!(
         version.to_canonical_json().expect("canonical JSON"),
         fixture("remote_function_version.canonical.json").trim()
@@ -142,3 +162,21 @@ fn floating_point_application_literals_are_rejected_consistently() {
             .contains("floating-point Function literals")
     );
 }
+
+#[test]
+fn canonical_client_values_contain_secret_names_only() {
+    let result = job_result("remote_function_job.json");
+    let version = FunctionVersion::from_json(&result.to_string()).expect("FunctionVersion result");
+    let canonical: Value = serde_json::from_str(
+        &version
+            .to_canonical_json()
+            .expect("canonical FunctionVersion"),
+    )
+    .expect("canonical JSON");
+
+    assert_eq!(
+        canonical["required_secrets"],
+        serde_json::json!(["HF_TOKEN"])
+    );
+    assert_no_secret_values(&canonical);
+}

rust/lancedb/tests/first_class_function_slice2.rs

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ use std::path::PathBuf;
 
 use lancedb::Error;
 use lancedb::function::FunctionRegistrationRequest;
+use serde_json::Value;
 
 fn fixture(name: &str) -> String {
     let path = PathBuf::from(env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR"))
@@ -14,6 +15,25 @@ fn fixture(name: &str) -> String {
     fs::read_to_string(path).expect("fixture must be readable")
 }
 
+fn assert_no_secret_values(value: &Value) {
+    match value {
+        Value::Object(values) => {
+            for (key, value) in values {
+                assert!(
+                    !matches!(
+                        key.as_str(),
+                        "secret_value" | "secret_values" | "resolved_secret" | "resolved_secrets"
+                    ),
+                    "registration requests must not model resolved secret material"
+                );
+                assert_no_secret_values(value);
+            }
+        }
+        Value::Array(values) => values.iter().for_each(assert_no_secret_values),
+        _ => {}
+    }
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn registration_request_matches_shared_canonical_golden() {
     let request = FunctionRegistrationRequest::from_json(&fixture(
@@ -22,10 +42,33 @@ fn registration_request_matches_shared_canonical_golden() {
     .expect("registration request");
     assert_eq!(request.name, "normalize_score");
     assert_eq!(request.artifact.adapter.kind, "scalar_to_arrow_batch");
+    assert_eq!(request.required_secrets, ["API_TOKEN"]);
+    assert!(request.secret_values.is_empty());
     assert_eq!(
         request.to_canonical_json().expect("canonical request"),
         fixture("remote_function_registration_request.canonical.json").trim()
     );
+
+    let value: Value =
+        serde_json::from_str(&request.to_canonical_json().expect("canonical request"))
+            .expect("request JSON");
+    assert_no_secret_values(&value);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn registration_request_serializes_secret_values_but_redacts_debug_output() {
+    let mut value: Value =
+        serde_json::from_str(&fixture("remote_function_registration_request.json")).unwrap();
+    value["secret_values"] = serde_json::json!({"API_TOKEN": "secret-plaintext"});
+    let request = FunctionRegistrationRequest::from_json(&value.to_string()).unwrap();
+
+    assert_eq!(request.secret_values["API_TOKEN"], "secret-plaintext");
+    let canonical = request.to_canonical_json().unwrap();
+    assert!(canonical.contains("secret-plaintext"));
+    let debug = format!("{request:?}");
+    assert!(debug.contains("API_TOKEN"));
+    assert!(debug.contains("[REDACTED]"));
+    assert!(!debug.contains("secret-plaintext"));
 }
 
 #[tokio::test]

rust/lancedb/tests/fixtures/first_class_functions/v1/remote_function_job.json

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
     },
     "runtime_digest": "sha256:runtime",
     "environment_digest": "sha256:environment",
+    "required_secrets": ["HF_TOKEN"],
     "created_at": "2026-08-21T00:00:00Z"
   },
   "future_job": {"trace_id": "trace-1"}

rust/lancedb/tests/fixtures/first_class_functions/v1/remote_function_registration_request.canonical.json

@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"artifact":{"adapter":{"kind":"scalar_to_arrow_batch","version":1},"content":{"data":"ZnJvbSBfX2Z1dHVyZV9fIGltcG9ydCBhbm5vdGF0aW9ucwoKZGVmIG5vcm1hbGl6ZV9zY29yZSh2YWx1ZTogZmxvYXQpIC0+IGZsb2F0OgogICAgcmV0dXJuIHZhbHVlIC8gMTAwLjAK","encoding":"base64"},"digest":"sha256:760784bdcef57b802f389b97804cc0b618aae39e86044733451bcd0b13089a7f","entrypoint":"normalize_score","kind":"python_callable"},"name":"normalize_score","runtime":{"env":{"MODE":"test"},"environment":{"kind":"pip","packages":["numpy>=2"]},"kind":"python","python_version":"3.12"},"signature":{"inputs":[{"arrow_type":"float64","name":"value","nullable":false}],"output":{"arrow_type":"float64","kind":"scalar","nullable":false}}}
+{"artifact":{"adapter":{"kind":"scalar_to_arrow_batch","version":1},"content":{"data":"ZnJvbSBfX2Z1dHVyZV9fIGltcG9ydCBhbm5vdGF0aW9ucwoKZGVmIG5vcm1hbGl6ZV9zY29yZSh2YWx1ZTogZmxvYXQpIC0+IGZsb2F0OgogICAgcmV0dXJuIHZhbHVlIC8gMTAwLjAK","encoding":"base64"},"digest":"sha256:760784bdcef57b802f389b97804cc0b618aae39e86044733451bcd0b13089a7f","entrypoint":"normalize_score","kind":"python_callable"},"name":"normalize_score","required_secrets":["API_TOKEN"],"runtime":{"env":{"MODE":"test"},"environment":{"kind":"pip","packages":["numpy>=2"]},"kind":"python","python_version":"3.12"},"signature":{"inputs":[{"arrow_type":"float64","name":"value","nullable":false}],"output":{"arrow_type":"float64","kind":"scalar","nullable":false}}}

rust/lancedb/tests/fixtures/first_class_functions/v1/remote_function_registration_request.json

@@ -39,5 +39,8 @@
     "env": {
       "MODE": "test"
     }
-  }
+  },
+  "required_secrets": [
+    "API_TOKEN"
+  ]
 }

rust/lancedb/tests/fixtures/first_class_functions/v1/remote_function_version.canonical.json

@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"artifact":{"digest":"sha256:code","entrypoint":"embed","kind":"python_callable"},"created_at":"2026-08-21T00:00:00Z","environment_digest":"sha256:environment","name":"embed","runtime":{"env":{"TOKENIZERS_PARALLELISM":"false"},"environment":{"kind":"pip","packages":["sentence-transformers>=3"]},"kind":"python","python_version":"3.12"},"runtime_digest":"sha256:runtime","signature":{"inputs":[{"arrow_type":"utf8","name":"text","nullable":true}],"output":{"arrow_type":"list<float32>","kind":"scalar","nullable":false}},"version":"fv_01K3EXACT"}
+{"artifact":{"digest":"sha256:code","entrypoint":"embed","kind":"python_callable"},"created_at":"2026-08-21T00:00:00Z","environment_digest":"sha256:environment","name":"embed","required_secrets":["HF_TOKEN"],"runtime":{"env":{"TOKENIZERS_PARALLELISM":"false"},"environment":{"kind":"pip","packages":["sentence-transformers>=3"]},"kind":"python","python_version":"3.12"},"runtime_digest":"sha256:runtime","signature":{"inputs":[{"arrow_type":"utf8","name":"text","nullable":true}],"output":{"arrow_type":"list<float32>","kind":"scalar","nullable":false}},"version":"fv_01K3EXACT"}