chore: update lance dependency to v4.0.0-beta.1

2026-04-03 14:30:41 +00:00 · 2026-02-26 05:45:09 +00:00
163 changed files with 6435 additions and 11000 deletions
--- a/.bumpversion.toml
+++ b/.bumpversion.toml
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 [tool.bumpversion]
-current_version = "0.27.2"
+current_version = "0.27.0-beta.2"
 parse = """(?x)
    (?P<major>0|[1-9]\\d*)\\.
    (?P<minor>0|[1-9]\\d*)\\.
--- a/.github/workflows/build_linux_wheel/action.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/build_linux_wheel/action.yml
@@ -23,15 +23,12 @@ runs:
  steps:
    - name: CONFIRM ARM BUILD
      shell: bash
-      env:
-        ARM_BUILD: ${{ inputs.arm-build }}
      run: |
-        echo "ARM BUILD: $ARM_BUILD"
+        echo "ARM BUILD: ${{ inputs.arm-build }}"
    - name: Build x86_64 Manylinux wheel
      if: ${{ inputs.arm-build == 'false' }}
      uses: PyO3/maturin-action@v1
      with:
-        maturin-version: "1.12.4"
        command: build
        working-directory: python
        docker-options: "-e PIP_EXTRA_INDEX_URL='https://pypi.fury.io/lance-format/ https://pypi.fury.io/lancedb/'"
@@ -47,7 +44,6 @@ runs:
      if: ${{ inputs.arm-build == 'true' }}
      uses: PyO3/maturin-action@v1
      with:
-        maturin-version: "1.12.4"
        command: build
        working-directory: python
        docker-options: "-e PIP_EXTRA_INDEX_URL='https://pypi.fury.io/lance-format/ https://pypi.fury.io/lancedb/'"
--- a/.github/workflows/build_mac_wheel/action.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/build_mac_wheel/action.yml
@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@ runs:
      uses: PyO3/maturin-action@v1
      with:
        command: build
-        maturin-version: "1.12.4"
        # TODO: pass through interpreter
        args: ${{ inputs.args }}
        docker-options: "-e PIP_EXTRA_INDEX_URL='https://pypi.fury.io/lance-format/ https://pypi.fury.io/lancedb/'"
--- a/.github/workflows/build_windows_wheel/action.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/build_windows_wheel/action.yml
@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@ runs:
      uses: PyO3/maturin-action@v1
      with:
        command: build
-        maturin-version: "1.12.4"
        args: ${{ inputs.args }}
        docker-options: "-e PIP_EXTRA_INDEX_URL='https://pypi.fury.io/lance-format/ https://pypi.fury.io/lancedb/'"
        working-directory: python
--- a/.github/workflows/dev.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/dev.yml
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ jobs:
    name: Label PR
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
-      - uses: srvaroa/labeler@v1
+      - uses: srvaroa/labeler@master
        env:
          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
  commitlint:
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ jobs:
    name: Verify PR title / description conforms to semantic-release
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
+      - uses: actions/setup-node@v3
        with:
          node-version: "18"
      # These rules are disabled because Github will always ensure there
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ jobs:

            ${{ github.event.pull_request.body }}
      - if: failure()
-        uses: actions/github-script@v7
+        uses: actions/github-script@v6
        with:
          script: |
            const message = `**ACTION NEEDED**
--- a/.github/workflows/docs.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/docs.yml
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ jobs:
          python -m pip install --extra-index-url https://pypi.fury.io/lance-format/ --extra-index-url https://pypi.fury.io/lancedb/ -e .
          python -m pip install --extra-index-url https://pypi.fury.io/lance-format/ --extra-index-url https://pypi.fury.io/lancedb/ -r ../docs/requirements.txt
      - name: Set up node
-        uses: actions/setup-node@v4
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v3
        with:
          node-version: 20
          cache: 'npm'
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ jobs:
        run: |
          PYTHONPATH=. mkdocs build
      - name: Setup Pages
-        uses: actions/configure-pages@v5
+        uses: actions/configure-pages@v2
      - name: Upload artifact
        uses: actions/upload-pages-artifact@v3
        with:
--- a/.github/workflows/nodejs.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/nodejs.yml
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ on:
  pull_request:
    paths:
      - Cargo.toml
-      - Cargo.lock
      - nodejs/**
      - rust/**
      - docs/src/js/**
@@ -38,7 +37,7 @@ jobs:
      with:
        fetch-depth: 0
        lfs: true
-    - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
+    - uses: actions/setup-node@v3
      with:
        node-version: 20
        cache: 'npm'
@@ -78,7 +77,7 @@ jobs:
      with:
        fetch-depth: 0
        lfs: true
-    - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
+    - uses: actions/setup-node@v3
      name: Setup Node.js 20 for build
      with:
        # @napi-rs/cli v3 requires Node >= 20.12 (via @inquirer/prompts@8).
@@ -95,7 +94,7 @@ jobs:
      run: |
        npm ci --include=optional
        npm run build:debug -- --profile ci
-    - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
+    - uses: actions/setup-node@v3
      name: Setup Node.js ${{ matrix.node-version }} for test
      with:
        node-version: ${{ matrix.node-version }}
@@ -144,7 +143,7 @@ jobs:
      with:
        fetch-depth: 0
        lfs: true
-    - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
+    - uses: actions/setup-node@v3
      with:
        node-version: 20
        cache: 'npm'
--- a/.github/workflows/npm-publish.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/npm-publish.yml
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ on:
    paths:
      - .github/workflows/npm-publish.yml
      - Cargo.toml # Change in dependency frequently breaks builds
-      - Cargo.lock

 concurrency:
  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
@@ -125,12 +124,7 @@ jobs:
            pre_build: |-
              set -e &&
              apt-get update &&
-              apt-get install -y protobuf-compiler pkg-config &&
-              # The base image (manylinux2014-cross) sets TARGET_CC to the old
-              # GCC 4.8 cross-compiler. aws-lc-sys checks TARGET_CC before CC,
-              # so it picks up GCC even though the napi-rs image sets CC=clang.
-              # Override to use the image's clang-18 which supports -fuse-ld=lld.
-              export TARGET_CC=clang TARGET_CXX=clang++
+              apt-get install -y protobuf-compiler pkg-config
          - target: x86_64-unknown-linux-musl
            # This one seems to need some extra memory
            host: ubuntu-2404-8x-x64
@@ -150,10 +144,9 @@ jobs:
              set -e &&
              apt-get update &&
              apt-get install -y protobuf-compiler pkg-config &&
-              export TARGET_CC=clang TARGET_CXX=clang++ &&
-              # The manylinux2014 sysroot has glibc 2.17 headers which lack
-              # AT_HWCAP2 (added in Linux 3.17). Define it for aws-lc-sys.
-              export CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -DAT_HWCAP2=26" &&
+              # https://github.com/aws/aws-lc-rs/issues/737#issuecomment-2725918627
+              ln -s /usr/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/gcc/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/4.8.5/crtbeginS.o /usr/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/sysroot/usr/lib/crtbeginS.o &&
+              ln -s /usr/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/gcc /usr/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/sysroot/usr/lib/gcc &&
              rustup target add aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu
          - target: aarch64-unknown-linux-musl
            host: ubuntu-2404-8x-x64
@@ -273,7 +266,7 @@ jobs:
          - target: x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
            host: ubuntu-latest
          - target: aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu
-            host: ubuntu-2404-8x-arm64
+            host: buildjet-16vcpu-ubuntu-2204-arm
        node:
          - '20'
    runs-on: ${{ matrix.settings.host }}
@@ -363,8 +356,7 @@ jobs:
          if [[ $DRY_RUN == "true" ]]; then
            ARGS="$ARGS --dry-run"
          fi
-          VERSION=$(node -p "require('./package.json').version")
-          if [[ $VERSION == *-* ]]; then
+          if [[ $GITHUB_REF =~ refs/tags/v(.*)-beta.* ]]; then
            ARGS="$ARGS --tag preview"
          fi
          npm publish $ARGS
--- a/.github/workflows/pypi-publish.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/pypi-publish.yml
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ on:
    paths:
      - .github/workflows/pypi-publish.yml
      - Cargo.toml # Change in dependency frequently breaks builds
-      - Cargo.lock

 env:
  PIP_EXTRA_INDEX_URL: "https://pypi.fury.io/lance-format/ https://pypi.fury.io/lancedb/"
--- a/.github/workflows/python.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/python.yml
@@ -7,14 +7,9 @@ on:
  pull_request:
    paths:
      - Cargo.toml
-      - Cargo.lock
      - python/**
      - rust/**
      - .github/workflows/python.yml
-      - .github/workflows/build_linux_wheel/**
-      - .github/workflows/build_mac_wheel/**
-      - .github/workflows/build_windows_wheel/**
-      - .github/workflows/run_tests/**

 concurrency:
  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.event.pull_request.number || github.ref }}
--- a/.github/workflows/rust.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/rust.yml
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ on:
  pull_request:
    paths:
      - Cargo.toml
-      - Cargo.lock
      - rust/**
      - .github/workflows/rust.yml

@@ -101,9 +100,7 @@ jobs:
          lfs: true
      - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
      - name: Install dependencies
-        run: |
-          sudo apt update
-          sudo apt install -y protobuf-compiler libssl-dev
+        run: sudo apt install -y protobuf-compiler libssl-dev
      - uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1
      - name: Make Swap
        run: |
@@ -207,14 +204,14 @@ jobs:
      - name: Downgrade  dependencies
        # These packages have newer requirements for MSRV
        run: |
-          cargo update -p aws-sdk-bedrockruntime --precise 1.77.0
-          cargo update -p aws-sdk-dynamodb --precise 1.68.0
-          cargo update -p aws-config --precise 1.6.0
-          cargo update -p aws-sdk-kms --precise 1.63.0
-          cargo update -p aws-sdk-s3 --precise 1.79.0
-          cargo update -p aws-sdk-sso --precise 1.62.0
-          cargo update -p aws-sdk-ssooidc --precise 1.63.0
-          cargo update -p aws-sdk-sts --precise 1.63.0
+          cargo update -p aws-sdk-bedrockruntime --precise 1.64.0
+          cargo update -p aws-sdk-dynamodb --precise 1.55.0
+          cargo update -p aws-config --precise 1.5.10
+          cargo update -p aws-sdk-kms --precise 1.51.0
+          cargo update -p aws-sdk-s3 --precise 1.65.0
+          cargo update -p aws-sdk-sso --precise 1.50.0
+          cargo update -p aws-sdk-ssooidc --precise 1.51.0
+          cargo update -p aws-sdk-sts --precise 1.51.0
          cargo update -p home --precise 0.5.9
      - name: cargo +${{ matrix.msrv }} check
        env:
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ exclude = ["python"]
 resolver = "2"

 [workspace.package]
-edition = "2024"
+edition = "2021"
 authors = ["LanceDB Devs <dev@lancedb.com>"]
 license = "Apache-2.0"
 repository = "https://github.com/lancedb/lancedb"
@@ -15,20 +15,20 @@ categories = ["database-implementations"]
 rust-version = "1.91.0"

 [workspace.dependencies]
-lance = { "version" = "=5.0.0-beta.4", default-features = false, "tag" = "v5.0.0-beta.4", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-core = { "version" = "=5.0.0-beta.4", "tag" = "v5.0.0-beta.4", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-datagen = { "version" = "=5.0.0-beta.4", "tag" = "v5.0.0-beta.4", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-file = { "version" = "=5.0.0-beta.4", "tag" = "v5.0.0-beta.4", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-io = { "version" = "=5.0.0-beta.4", default-features = false, "tag" = "v5.0.0-beta.4", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-index = { "version" = "=5.0.0-beta.4", "tag" = "v5.0.0-beta.4", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-linalg = { "version" = "=5.0.0-beta.4", "tag" = "v5.0.0-beta.4", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-namespace = { "version" = "=5.0.0-beta.4", "tag" = "v5.0.0-beta.4", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-namespace-impls = { "version" = "=5.0.0-beta.4", default-features = false, "tag" = "v5.0.0-beta.4", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-table = { "version" = "=5.0.0-beta.4", "tag" = "v5.0.0-beta.4", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-testing = { "version" = "=5.0.0-beta.4", "tag" = "v5.0.0-beta.4", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-datafusion = { "version" = "=5.0.0-beta.4", "tag" = "v5.0.0-beta.4", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-encoding = { "version" = "=5.0.0-beta.4", "tag" = "v5.0.0-beta.4", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-arrow = { "version" = "=5.0.0-beta.4", "tag" = "v5.0.0-beta.4", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance = { "version" = "=4.0.0-beta.1", default-features = false, "tag" = "v4.0.0-beta.1", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-core = { "version" = "=4.0.0-beta.1", "tag" = "v4.0.0-beta.1", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-datagen = { "version" = "=4.0.0-beta.1", "tag" = "v4.0.0-beta.1", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-file = { "version" = "=4.0.0-beta.1", "tag" = "v4.0.0-beta.1", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-io = { "version" = "=4.0.0-beta.1", default-features = false, "tag" = "v4.0.0-beta.1", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-index = { "version" = "=4.0.0-beta.1", "tag" = "v4.0.0-beta.1", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-linalg = { "version" = "=4.0.0-beta.1", "tag" = "v4.0.0-beta.1", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-namespace = { "version" = "=4.0.0-beta.1", "tag" = "v4.0.0-beta.1", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-namespace-impls = { "version" = "=4.0.0-beta.1", default-features = false, "tag" = "v4.0.0-beta.1", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-table = { "version" = "=4.0.0-beta.1", "tag" = "v4.0.0-beta.1", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-testing = { "version" = "=4.0.0-beta.1", "tag" = "v4.0.0-beta.1", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-datafusion = { "version" = "=4.0.0-beta.1", "tag" = "v4.0.0-beta.1", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-encoding = { "version" = "=4.0.0-beta.1", "tag" = "v4.0.0-beta.1", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-arrow = { "version" = "=4.0.0-beta.1", "tag" = "v4.0.0-beta.1", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
 ahash = "0.8"
 # Note that this one does not include pyarrow
 arrow = { version = "57.2", optional = false }
@@ -40,15 +40,13 @@ arrow-schema = "57.2"
 arrow-select = "57.2"
 arrow-cast = "57.2"
 async-trait = "0"
-datafusion = { version = "52.1", default-features = false }
-datafusion-catalog = "52.1"
-datafusion-common = { version = "52.1", default-features = false }
-datafusion-execution = "52.1"
-datafusion-expr = "52.1"
-datafusion-functions = "52.1"
-datafusion-physical-plan = "52.1"
-datafusion-physical-expr = "52.1"
-datafusion-sql = "52.1"
+datafusion = { version = "52.1.0", default-features = false }
+datafusion-catalog = "52.1.0"
+datafusion-common = { version = "52.1.0", default-features = false }
+datafusion-execution = "52.1.0"
+datafusion-expr = "52.1.0"
+datafusion-physical-plan = "52.1.0"
+datafusion-physical-expr = "52.1.0"
 env_logger = "0.11"
 half = { "version" = "2.7.1", default-features = false, features = [
    "num-traits",
--- a/ci/check_lance_release.py
+++ b/ci/check_lance_release.py
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 from __future__ import annotations

 import argparse
-import functools
 import json
 import os
 import re
@@ -27,7 +26,6 @@ SEMVER_RE = re.compile(
 )


-@functools.total_ordering
@dataclass(frozen=True)
 class SemVer:
    major: int
@@ -158,9 +156,7 @@ def read_current_version(repo_root: Path) -> str:


 def determine_latest_tag(tags: Iterable[TagInfo]) -> TagInfo:
-    # Stable releases (no prerelease) are always preferred over pre-releases.
-    # Within each group, standard semver ordering applies.
-    return max(tags, key=lambda tag: (not tag.semver.prerelease, tag.semver))
+    return max(tags, key=lambda tag: tag.semver)


 def write_outputs(args: argparse.Namespace, payload: dict) -> None:
--- a/docker-compose.yml
+++ b/docker-compose.yml
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 version: "3.9"
 services:
  localstack:
-    image: localstack/localstack:4.0
+    image: localstack/localstack:3.3
    ports:
      - 4566:4566
    environment:
--- a/dockerfiles/Dockerfile
+++ b/dockerfiles/Dockerfile
@@ -1,27 +1,27 @@
-# Simple base dockerfile that supports basic dependencies required to run lance with FTS and Hybrid Search
-# Usage: docker build -t lancedb:latest -f Dockerfile .
-FROM python:3.12-slim-bookworm
+#Simple base dockerfile that supports basic dependencies required to run lance with FTS and Hybrid Search
+#Usage docker build -t lancedb:latest -f Dockerfile .
+FROM python:3.10-slim-buster

-# Install build dependencies in a single layer
-RUN apt-get update && \
-  apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
-    curl \
-    build-essential \
-    protobuf-compiler \
-    git \
-    ca-certificates && \
-  apt-get clean && \
-  rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
-
-# Install Rust (pinned installer, non-interactive)
-RUN curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh -s -- -y --default-toolchain stable --profile minimal
+# Install Rust
+RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y curl build-essential && \
+  curl https://sh.rustup.rs -sSf | sh -s -- -y

 # Set the environment variable for Rust
 ENV PATH="/root/.cargo/bin:${PATH}"

+# Install protobuf compiler
+RUN apt-get install -y protobuf-compiler && \
+  apt-get clean && \
+  rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
+
+RUN apt-get -y update &&\
+  apt-get -y upgrade && \
+  apt-get -y install git
+
+
 # Verify installations
 RUN python --version && \
  rustc --version && \
  protoc --version

-RUN pip install --no-cache-dir tantivy lancedb
+RUN pip install tantivy lancedb
--- a/docs/mkdocs.yml
+++ b/docs/mkdocs.yml
@@ -52,21 +52,14 @@ plugins:
          options:
            docstring_style: numpy
            heading_level: 3
+            show_source: true
+            show_symbol_type_in_heading: true
            show_signature_annotations: true
            show_root_heading: true
-            show_docstring_examples: true
-            show_docstring_attributes: false
-            show_docstring_other_parameters: true
-            show_symbol_type_heading: true
-            show_labels: false
-            show_if_no_docstring: true
-            show_source: false
            members_order: source
            docstring_section_style: list
            signature_crossrefs: true
            separate_signature: true
-            filters:
-              - "!^_"
          import:
            # for cross references
            - https://arrow.apache.org/docs/objects.inv
@@ -120,7 +113,7 @@ markdown_extensions:
      emoji_index: !!python/name:material.extensions.emoji.twemoji
      emoji_generator: !!python/name:material.extensions.emoji.to_svg
  - markdown.extensions.toc:
-      toc_depth: 4
+      toc_depth: 3
      permalink: true
      permalink_title: Anchor link to this section

--- a/docs/requirements.txt
+++ b/docs/requirements.txt
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
-mkdocs==1.6.1
+mkdocs==1.5.3
 mkdocs-jupyter==0.24.1
-mkdocs-material==9.6.23
-mkdocs-autorefs>=0.5,<=1.0
-mkdocstrings[python]>=0.24,<1.0
-griffe>=0.40,<1.0
-mkdocs-render-swagger-plugin>=0.1.0
-pydantic>=2.0,<3.0
-mkdocs-redirects>=1.2.0
+mkdocs-material==9.5.3
+mkdocs-autorefs<=1.0
+mkdocstrings[python]==0.25.2
+griffe
+mkdocs-render-swagger-plugin
+pydantic
+mkdocs-redirects
--- a/docs/src/java/java.md
+++ b/docs/src/java/java.md
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ Add the following dependency to your `pom.xml`:
 <dependency>
    <groupId>com.lancedb</groupId>
    <artifactId>lancedb-core</artifactId>
-    <version>0.27.2</version>
+    <version>0.27.0-beta.2</version>
 </dependency>
 ```

@@ -57,32 +57,32 @@ LanceNamespace namespaceClient = LanceDbNamespaceClientBuilder.newBuilder()

 ## Metadata Operations

-### Creating a Namespace Path
+### Creating a Namespace

-Namespace paths organize tables hierarchically. Create the desired namespace path before creating tables within it:
+Namespaces organize tables hierarchically. Create a namespace before creating tables within it:

 ```java
 import org.lance.namespace.model.CreateNamespaceRequest;
 import org.lance.namespace.model.CreateNamespaceResponse;

-// Create a child namespace path
+// Create a child namespace
 CreateNamespaceRequest request = new CreateNamespaceRequest();
 request.setId(Arrays.asList("my_namespace"));

 CreateNamespaceResponse response = namespaceClient.createNamespace(request);
 ```

-You can also create nested namespace paths:
+You can also create nested namespaces:

 ```java
-// Create a nested namespace path: parent/child
+// Create a nested namespace: parent/child
 CreateNamespaceRequest request = new CreateNamespaceRequest();
 request.setId(Arrays.asList("parent_namespace", "child_namespace"));

 CreateNamespaceResponse response = namespaceClient.createNamespace(request);
 ```

-### Describing a Namespace Path
+### Describing a Namespace

 ```java
 import org.lance.namespace.model.DescribeNamespaceRequest;
@@ -95,22 +95,22 @@ DescribeNamespaceResponse response = namespaceClient.describeNamespace(request);
 System.out.println("Namespace properties: " + response.getProperties());
 ```

-### Listing Namespace Paths
+### Listing Namespaces

 ```java
 import org.lance.namespace.model.ListNamespacesRequest;
 import org.lance.namespace.model.ListNamespacesResponse;

-// List all namespace paths at the root level
+// List all namespaces at root level
 ListNamespacesRequest request = new ListNamespacesRequest();
 request.setId(Arrays.asList());  // Empty for root

 ListNamespacesResponse response = namespaceClient.listNamespaces(request);
 for (String ns : response.getNamespaces()) {
-    System.out.println("Namespace path: " + ns);
+    System.out.println("Namespace: " + ns);
 }

-// List child namespace paths under a parent path
+// List child namespaces under a parent
 ListNamespacesRequest childRequest = new ListNamespacesRequest();
 childRequest.setId(Arrays.asList("parent_namespace"));

@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ ListNamespacesResponse childResponse = namespaceClient.listNamespaces(childReque
 import org.lance.namespace.model.ListTablesRequest;
 import org.lance.namespace.model.ListTablesResponse;

-// List tables in a namespace path
+// List tables in a namespace
 ListTablesRequest request = new ListTablesRequest();
 request.setId(Arrays.asList("my_namespace"));

@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ for (String table : response.getTables()) {
 }
 ```

-### Dropping a Namespace Path
+### Dropping a Namespace

 ```java
 import org.lance.namespace.model.DropNamespaceRequest;
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ DropTableResponse response = namespaceClient.dropTable(request);

 ### Creating a Table

-Tables are created within a namespace path by providing data in Apache Arrow IPC format:
+Tables are created within a namespace by providing data in Apache Arrow IPC format:

 ```java
 import org.lance.namespace.LanceNamespace;
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ try (BufferAllocator allocator = new RootAllocator();
    }
    byte[] tableData = out.toByteArray();

-    // Create a table in a namespace path
+    // Create table in a namespace
    CreateTableRequest request = new CreateTableRequest();
    request.setId(Arrays.asList("my_namespace", "my_table"));
    CreateTableResponse response = namespaceClient.createTable(request, tableData);
--- a/docs/src/js/classes/Connection.md
+++ b/docs/src/js/classes/Connection.md
@@ -61,8 +61,8 @@ sharing the same data, deletion, and index files.
 * **options.sourceVersion?**: `number`
    The version of the source table to clone.

-* **options.targetNamespacePath?**: `string`[]
-    The namespace path for the target table (defaults to root namespace).
+* **options.targetNamespace?**: `string`[]
+    The namespace for the target table (defaults to root namespace).

 #### Returns

@@ -116,13 +116,13 @@ Creates a new empty Table

 `Promise`&lt;[`Table`](Table.md)&gt;

-#### createEmptyTable(name, schema, namespacePath, options)
+#### createEmptyTable(name, schema, namespace, options)

 ```ts
 abstract createEmptyTable(
   name,
   schema,
-   namespacePath?,
+   namespace?,
   options?): Promise<Table>
 ```

@@ -136,8 +136,8 @@ Creates a new empty Table
 * **schema**: [`SchemaLike`](../type-aliases/SchemaLike.md)
    The schema of the table

-* **namespacePath?**: `string`[]
-    The namespace path to create the table in (defaults to root namespace)
+* **namespace?**: `string`[]
+    The namespace to create the table in (defaults to root namespace)

 * **options?**: `Partial`&lt;[`CreateTableOptions`](../interfaces/CreateTableOptions.md)&gt;
    Additional options
@@ -150,10 +150,10 @@ Creates a new empty Table

 ### createTable()

-#### createTable(options, namespacePath)
+#### createTable(options, namespace)

 ```ts
-abstract createTable(options, namespacePath?): Promise<Table>
+abstract createTable(options, namespace?): Promise<Table>
 ```

 Creates a new Table and initialize it with new data.
@@ -163,8 +163,8 @@ Creates a new Table and initialize it with new data.
 * **options**: `object` & `Partial`&lt;[`CreateTableOptions`](../interfaces/CreateTableOptions.md)&gt;
    The options object.

-* **namespacePath?**: `string`[]
-    The namespace path to create the table in (defaults to root namespace)
+* **namespace?**: `string`[]
+    The namespace to create the table in (defaults to root namespace)

 ##### Returns

@@ -197,13 +197,13 @@ Creates a new Table and initialize it with new data.

 `Promise`&lt;[`Table`](Table.md)&gt;

-#### createTable(name, data, namespacePath, options)
+#### createTable(name, data, namespace, options)

 ```ts
 abstract createTable(
   name,
   data,
-   namespacePath?,
+   namespace?,
   options?): Promise<Table>
 ```

@@ -218,8 +218,8 @@ Creates a new Table and initialize it with new data.
    Non-empty Array of Records
    to be inserted into the table

-* **namespacePath?**: `string`[]
-    The namespace path to create the table in (defaults to root namespace)
+* **namespace?**: `string`[]
+    The namespace to create the table in (defaults to root namespace)

 * **options?**: `Partial`&lt;[`CreateTableOptions`](../interfaces/CreateTableOptions.md)&gt;
    Additional options
@@ -247,15 +247,15 @@ Return a brief description of the connection
 ### dropAllTables()

 ```ts
-abstract dropAllTables(namespacePath?): Promise<void>
+abstract dropAllTables(namespace?): Promise<void>
 ```

 Drop all tables in the database.

 #### Parameters

-* **namespacePath?**: `string`[]
-    The namespace path to drop tables from (defaults to root namespace).
+* **namespace?**: `string`[]
+    The namespace to drop tables from (defaults to root namespace).

 #### Returns

@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ Drop all tables in the database.
 ### dropTable()

 ```ts
-abstract dropTable(name, namespacePath?): Promise<void>
+abstract dropTable(name, namespace?): Promise<void>
 ```

 Drop an existing table.
@@ -276,8 +276,8 @@ Drop an existing table.
 * **name**: `string`
    The name of the table to drop.

-* **namespacePath?**: `string`[]
-    The namespace path of the table (defaults to root namespace).
+* **namespace?**: `string`[]
+    The namespace of the table (defaults to root namespace).

 #### Returns

@@ -304,7 +304,7 @@ Return true if the connection has not been closed
 ```ts
 abstract openTable(
   name,
-   namespacePath?,
+   namespace?,
   options?): Promise<Table>
 ```

@@ -315,8 +315,8 @@ Open a table in the database.
 * **name**: `string`
    The name of the table

-* **namespacePath?**: `string`[]
-    The namespace path of the table (defaults to root namespace)
+* **namespace?**: `string`[]
+    The namespace of the table (defaults to root namespace)

 * **options?**: `Partial`&lt;[`OpenTableOptions`](../interfaces/OpenTableOptions.md)&gt;
    Additional options
@@ -349,10 +349,10 @@ Tables will be returned in lexicographical order.

 `Promise`&lt;`string`[]&gt;

-#### tableNames(namespacePath, options)
+#### tableNames(namespace, options)

 ```ts
-abstract tableNames(namespacePath?, options?): Promise<string[]>
+abstract tableNames(namespace?, options?): Promise<string[]>
 ```

 List all the table names in this database.
@@ -361,8 +361,8 @@ Tables will be returned in lexicographical order.

 ##### Parameters

-* **namespacePath?**: `string`[]
-    The namespace path to list tables from (defaults to root namespace)
+* **namespace?**: `string`[]
+    The namespace to list tables from (defaults to root namespace)

 * **options?**: `Partial`&lt;[`TableNamesOptions`](../interfaces/TableNamesOptions.md)&gt;
    options to control the
--- a/docs/src/js/classes/Table.md
+++ b/docs/src/js/classes/Table.md
@@ -71,12 +71,11 @@ Add new columns with defined values.

 #### Parameters

-* **newColumnTransforms**: `Field`&lt;`any`&gt; \| `Field`&lt;`any`&gt;[] \| `Schema`&lt;`any`&gt; \| [`AddColumnsSql`](../interfaces/AddColumnsSql.md)[]
-    Either:
-    - An array of objects with column names and SQL expressions to calculate values
-    - A single Arrow Field defining one column with its data type (column will be initialized with null values)
-    - An array of Arrow Fields defining columns with their data types (columns will be initialized with null values)
-    - An Arrow Schema defining columns with their data types (columns will be initialized with null values)
+* **newColumnTransforms**: [`AddColumnsSql`](../interfaces/AddColumnsSql.md)[]
+    pairs of column names and
+    the SQL expression to use to calculate the value of the new column. These
+    expressions will be evaluated for each row in the table, and can
+    reference existing columns in the table.

 #### Returns

@@ -485,7 +484,19 @@ Modeled after ``VACUUM`` in PostgreSQL.
 - Prune: Removes old versions of the dataset
 - Index: Optimizes the indices, adding new data to existing indices

- The frequency an application should call optimize is based on the frequency of
+ Experimental API
+ ----------------
+
+ The optimization process is undergoing active development and may change.
+ Our goal with these changes is to improve the performance of optimization and
+ reduce the complexity.
+
+ That being said, it is essential today to run optimize if you want the best
+ performance.  It should be stable and safe to use in production, but it our
+ hope that the API may be simplified (or not even need to be called) in the
+ future.
+
+ The frequency an application shoudl call optimize is based on the frequency of
 data modifications.  If data is frequently added, deleted, or updated then
 optimize should be run frequently.  A good rule of thumb is to run optimize if
 you have added or modified 100,000 or more records or run more than 20 data
--- a/docs/src/js/interfaces/DeleteResult.md
+++ b/docs/src/js/interfaces/DeleteResult.md
@@ -8,14 +8,6 @@

 ## Properties

-### numDeletedRows
-
-```ts
-numDeletedRows: number;
-```
-
-***
-
 ### version

 ```ts
--- a/docs/src/js/interfaces/OptimizeOptions.md
+++ b/docs/src/js/interfaces/OptimizeOptions.md
@@ -37,12 +37,3 @@ tbl.optimize({cleanupOlderThan: new Date()});
 ```ts
 deleteUnverified: boolean;
 ```
-
-Because they may be part of an in-progress transaction, files newer than
-7 days old are not deleted by default. If you are sure that there are no
-in-progress transactions, then you can set this to true to delete all
-files older than `cleanupOlderThan`.
-
-**WARNING**: This should only be set to true if you can guarantee that
-no other process is currently working on this dataset. Otherwise the
-dataset could be put into a corrupted state.
--- a/docs/src/js/namespaces/embedding/classes/EmbeddingFunction.md
+++ b/docs/src/js/namespaces/embedding/classes/EmbeddingFunction.md
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ new EmbeddingFunction<T, M>(): EmbeddingFunction<T, M>
 ### computeQueryEmbeddings()

 ```ts
-computeQueryEmbeddings(data): Promise<number[] | Uint8Array | Float32Array | Float64Array>
+computeQueryEmbeddings(data): Promise<number[] | Float32Array | Float64Array>
 ```

 Compute the embeddings for a single query
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ Compute the embeddings for a single query

 #### Returns

-`Promise`&lt;`number`[] \| `Uint8Array` \| `Float32Array` \| `Float64Array`&gt;
+`Promise`&lt;`number`[] \| `Float32Array` \| `Float64Array`&gt;

 ***

--- a/docs/src/js/namespaces/embedding/classes/TextEmbeddingFunction.md
+++ b/docs/src/js/namespaces/embedding/classes/TextEmbeddingFunction.md
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ new TextEmbeddingFunction<M>(): TextEmbeddingFunction<M>
 ### computeQueryEmbeddings()

 ```ts
-computeQueryEmbeddings(data): Promise<number[] | Uint8Array | Float32Array | Float64Array>
+computeQueryEmbeddings(data): Promise<number[] | Float32Array | Float64Array>
 ```

 Compute the embeddings for a single query
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ Compute the embeddings for a single query

 #### Returns

-`Promise`&lt;`number`[] \| `Uint8Array` \| `Float32Array` \| `Float64Array`&gt;
+`Promise`&lt;`number`[] \| `Float32Array` \| `Float64Array`&gt;

 #### Overrides

--- a/docs/src/js/type-aliases/IntoVector.md
+++ b/docs/src/js/type-aliases/IntoVector.md
@@ -7,10 +7,5 @@
 # Type Alias: IntoVector

 ```ts
-type IntoVector:
-  | Float32Array
-  | Float64Array
-  | Uint8Array
-  | number[]
-  | Promise<Float32Array | Float64Array | Uint8Array | number[]>;
+type IntoVector: Float32Array | Float64Array | number[] | Promise<Float32Array | Float64Array | number[]>;
 ```
--- a/docs/src/python/python.md
+++ b/docs/src/python/python.md
@@ -36,20 +36,6 @@ is also an [asynchronous API client](#connections-asynchronous).

 ::: lancedb.table.Tags

-## Expressions
-
-Type-safe expression builder for filters and projections. Use these instead
-of raw SQL strings with [where][lancedb.query.LanceQueryBuilder.where] and
-[select][lancedb.query.LanceQueryBuilder.select].
-
-::: lancedb.expr.Expr
-
-::: lancedb.expr.col
-
-::: lancedb.expr.lit
-
-::: lancedb.expr.func
-
 ## Querying (Synchronous)

 ::: lancedb.query.Query
--- a/java/README.md
+++ b/java/README.md
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# LanceDB Java Enterprise Client
+# LanceDB Java SDK

 ## Configuration and Initialization

--- a/java/lancedb-core/pom.xml
+++ b/java/lancedb-core/pom.xml
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
    <parent>
      <groupId>com.lancedb</groupId>
      <artifactId>lancedb-parent</artifactId>
-      <version>0.27.2-final.0</version>
+      <version>0.27.0-beta.2</version>
      <relativePath>../pom.xml</relativePath>
    </parent>

@@ -56,21 +56,21 @@
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j-slf4j2-impl</artifactId>
-            <version>2.25.3</version>
+            <version>2.24.3</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
-            <version>2.25.3</version>
+            <version>2.24.3</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j-api</artifactId>
-            <version>2.25.3</version>
+            <version>2.24.3</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
--- a/java/pom.xml
+++ b/java/pom.xml
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@

    <groupId>com.lancedb</groupId>
    <artifactId>lancedb-parent</artifactId>
-    <version>0.27.2-final.0</version>
+    <version>0.27.0-beta.2</version>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>
    <name>${project.artifactId}</name>
    <description>LanceDB Java SDK Parent POM</description>
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <arrow.version>15.0.0</arrow.version>
-        <lance-core.version>5.0.0-beta.4</lance-core.version>
+        <lance-core.version>4.0.0-beta.1</lance-core.version>
        <spotless.skip>false</spotless.skip>
        <spotless.version>2.30.0</spotless.version>
        <spotless.java.googlejavaformat.version>1.7</spotless.java.googlejavaformat.version>
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-source-plugin</artifactId>
-                <version>3.3.1</version>
+                <version>2.2.1</version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <id>attach-sources</id>
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-javadoc-plugin</artifactId>
-                <version>3.11.2</version>
+                <version>2.9.1</version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <id>attach-javadocs</id>
@@ -178,15 +178,15 @@
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
-                    <version>3.4.1</version>
+                    <version>3.1.0</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
-                    <version>3.3.1</version>
+                    <version>3.0.2</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
-                    <version>3.14.0</version>
+                    <version>3.8.1</version>
                    <configuration>
                        <compilerArgs>
                            <arg>-h</arg>
@@ -205,11 +205,11 @@
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
-                    <version>3.4.2</version>
+                    <version>3.0.2</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
-                    <version>3.1.3</version>
+                    <version>2.5.2</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>com.diffplug.spotless</groupId>
@@ -327,7 +327,7 @@
                    <plugin>
                        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                        <artifactId>maven-gpg-plugin</artifactId>
-                        <version>3.2.7</version>
+                        <version>1.5</version>
                        <executions>
                            <execution>
                                <id>sign-artifacts</id>
--- a/nodejs/Cargo.toml
+++ b/nodejs/Cargo.toml
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 [package]
 name = "lancedb-nodejs"
 edition.workspace = true
-version = "0.27.2"
+version = "0.27.0-beta.2"
 license.workspace = true
 description.workspace = true
 repository.workspace = true
@@ -15,8 +15,6 @@ crate-type = ["cdylib"]
 async-trait.workspace = true
 arrow-ipc.workspace = true
 arrow-array.workspace = true
-arrow-buffer = "57.2"
-half.workspace = true
 arrow-schema.workspace = true
 env_logger.workspace = true
 futures.workspace = true
@@ -27,12 +25,12 @@ napi = { version = "3.8.3", default-features = false, features = [
 ] }
 napi-derive = "3.5.2"
 # Prevent dynamic linking of lzma, which comes from datafusion
-lzma-sys = { version = "0.1", features = ["static"] }
+lzma-sys = { version = "*", features = ["static"] }
 log.workspace = true

-# Pin to resolve build failures; update periodically for security patches.
-aws-lc-sys = "=0.38.0"
-aws-lc-rs = "=1.16.1"
+# Workaround for build failure until we can fix it.
+aws-lc-sys = "=0.28.0"
+aws-lc-rs = "=1.13.0"

 [build-dependencies]
 napi-build = "2.3.1"
--- a/nodejs/test/arrow.test.ts
+++ b/nodejs/test/arrow.test.ts
@@ -63,7 +63,6 @@ describe.each([arrow15, arrow16, arrow17, arrow18])(
      tableFromIPC,
      DataType,
      Dictionary,
-      Uint8: ArrowUint8,
      // biome-ignore lint/suspicious/noExplicitAny: <explanation>
    } = <any>arrow;
    type Schema = ApacheArrow["Schema"];
@@ -363,38 +362,6 @@ describe.each([arrow15, arrow16, arrow17, arrow18])(
        ).toEqual(new Float64().toString());
      });

-      it("will infer FixedSizeList<Float32> from Float32Array values", async function () {
-        const table = makeArrowTable([
-          { id: "a", vector: new Float32Array([0.1, 0.2, 0.3]) },
-          { id: "b", vector: new Float32Array([0.4, 0.5, 0.6]) },
-        ]);
-
-        expect(DataType.isFixedSizeList(table.getChild("vector")?.type)).toBe(
-          true,
-        );
-        const vectorType = table.getChild("vector")?.type;
-        expect(vectorType.listSize).toBe(3);
-        expect(vectorType.children[0].type.toString()).toEqual(
-          new Float32().toString(),
-        );
-      });
-
-      it("will infer FixedSizeList<Uint8> from Uint8Array values", async function () {
-        const table = makeArrowTable([
-          { id: "a", vector: new Uint8Array([1, 2, 3]) },
-          { id: "b", vector: new Uint8Array([4, 5, 6]) },
-        ]);
-
-        expect(DataType.isFixedSizeList(table.getChild("vector")?.type)).toBe(
-          true,
-        );
-        const vectorType = table.getChild("vector")?.type;
-        expect(vectorType.listSize).toBe(3);
-        expect(vectorType.children[0].type.toString()).toEqual(
-          new ArrowUint8().toString(),
-        );
-      });
-
      it("will use dictionary encoded strings if asked", async function () {
        const table = makeArrowTable([{ str: "hello" }]);
        expect(DataType.isUtf8(table.getChild("str")?.type)).toBe(true);
--- a/nodejs/test/table.test.ts
+++ b/nodejs/test/table.test.ts
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ describe.each([arrow15, arrow16, arrow17, arrow18])(
        },
        numIndices: 0,
        numRows: 3,
-        totalBytes: 44,
+        totalBytes: 24,
      });
    });

@@ -1259,98 +1259,6 @@ describe("schema evolution", function () {
    expect(await table.schema()).toEqual(expectedSchema);
  });

-  it("can add columns with schema for explicit data types", async function () {
-    const con = await connect(tmpDir.name);
-    const table = await con.createTable("vectors", [
-      { id: 1n, vector: [0.1, 0.2] },
-    ]);
-
-    // Define schema for new columns with explicit data types
-    // Note: All columns must be nullable when using addColumns with Schema
-    // because they are initially populated with null values
-    const newColumnsSchema = new Schema([
-      new Field("price", new Float64(), true),
-      new Field("category", new Utf8(), true),
-      new Field("rating", new Int32(), true),
-    ]);
-
-    const result = await table.addColumns(newColumnsSchema);
-    expect(result).toHaveProperty("version");
-    expect(result.version).toBe(2);
-
-    const expectedSchema = new Schema([
-      new Field("id", new Int64(), true),
-      new Field(
-        "vector",
-        new FixedSizeList(2, new Field("item", new Float32(), true)),
-        true,
-      ),
-      new Field("price", new Float64(), true),
-      new Field("category", new Utf8(), true),
-      new Field("rating", new Int32(), true),
-    ]);
-    expect(await table.schema()).toEqual(expectedSchema);
-
-    // Verify that new columns are populated with null values
-    const results = await table.query().toArray();
-    expect(results).toHaveLength(1);
-    expect(results[0].price).toBeNull();
-    expect(results[0].category).toBeNull();
-    expect(results[0].rating).toBeNull();
-  });
-
-  it("can add a single column using Field", async function () {
-    const con = await connect(tmpDir.name);
-    const table = await con.createTable("vectors", [
-      { id: 1n, vector: [0.1, 0.2] },
-    ]);
-
-    // Add a single field
-    const priceField = new Field("price", new Float64(), true);
-    const result = await table.addColumns(priceField);
-    expect(result).toHaveProperty("version");
-    expect(result.version).toBe(2);
-
-    const expectedSchema = new Schema([
-      new Field("id", new Int64(), true),
-      new Field(
-        "vector",
-        new FixedSizeList(2, new Field("item", new Float32(), true)),
-        true,
-      ),
-      new Field("price", new Float64(), true),
-    ]);
-    expect(await table.schema()).toEqual(expectedSchema);
-  });
-
-  it("can add multiple columns using array of Fields", async function () {
-    const con = await connect(tmpDir.name);
-    const table = await con.createTable("vectors", [
-      { id: 1n, vector: [0.1, 0.2] },
-    ]);
-
-    // Add multiple fields as array
-    const fields = [
-      new Field("price", new Float64(), true),
-      new Field("category", new Utf8(), true),
-    ];
-    const result = await table.addColumns(fields);
-    expect(result).toHaveProperty("version");
-    expect(result.version).toBe(2);
-
-    const expectedSchema = new Schema([
-      new Field("id", new Int64(), true),
-      new Field(
-        "vector",
-        new FixedSizeList(2, new Field("item", new Float32(), true)),
-        true,
-      ),
-      new Field("price", new Float64(), true),
-      new Field("category", new Utf8(), true),
-    ]);
-    expect(await table.schema()).toEqual(expectedSchema);
-  });
-
  it("can alter the columns in the schema", async function () {
    const con = await connect(tmpDir.name);
    const schema = new Schema([
@@ -1789,65 +1697,6 @@ describe.each([arrow15, arrow16, arrow17, arrow18])(
      expect(results2[0].text).toBe(data[1].text);
    });

-    test("full text search fast search", async () => {
-      const db = await connect(tmpDir.name);
-      const data = [{ text: "hello world", vector: [0.1, 0.2, 0.3], id: 1 }];
-      const table = await db.createTable("test", data);
-      await table.createIndex("text", {
-        config: Index.fts(),
-      });
-
-      // Insert unindexed data after creating the index.
-      await table.add([{ text: "xyz", vector: [0.4, 0.5, 0.6], id: 2 }]);
-
-      const withFlatSearch = await table
-        .search("xyz", "fts")
-        .limit(10)
-        .toArray();
-      expect(withFlatSearch.length).toBeGreaterThan(0);
-
-      const fastSearchResults = await table
-        .search("xyz", "fts")
-        .fastSearch()
-        .limit(10)
-        .toArray();
-      expect(fastSearchResults.length).toBe(0);
-
-      const nearestToTextFastSearch = await table
-        .query()
-        .nearestToText("xyz")
-        .fastSearch()
-        .limit(10)
-        .toArray();
-      expect(nearestToTextFastSearch.length).toBe(0);
-
-      // fastSearch should be chainable with other methods.
-      const chainedFastSearch = await table
-        .search("xyz", "fts")
-        .fastSearch()
-        .select(["text"])
-        .limit(5)
-        .toArray();
-      expect(chainedFastSearch.length).toBe(0);
-
-      await table.optimize();
-
-      const indexedFastSearch = await table
-        .search("xyz", "fts")
-        .fastSearch()
-        .limit(10)
-        .toArray();
-      expect(indexedFastSearch.length).toBeGreaterThan(0);
-
-      const indexedNearestToTextFastSearch = await table
-        .query()
-        .nearestToText("xyz")
-        .fastSearch()
-        .limit(10)
-        .toArray();
-      expect(indexedNearestToTextFastSearch.length).toBeGreaterThan(0);
-    });
-
    test("prewarm full text search index", async () => {
      const db = await connect(tmpDir.name);
      const data = [
@@ -2296,36 +2145,3 @@ describe("when creating an empty table", () => {
    expect((actualSchema.fields[1].type as Float64).precision).toBe(2);
  });
 });
-
-// Ensure we can create float32 arrays without using Arrow
-// by utilizing native JS TypedArray support
-//
-// https://github.com/lancedb/lancedb/issues/3115
-describe("when creating a table with Float32Array vectors", () => {
-  let tmpDir: tmp.DirResult;
-  beforeEach(() => {
-    tmpDir = tmp.dirSync({ unsafeCleanup: true });
-  });
-  afterEach(() => {
-    tmpDir.removeCallback();
-  });
-
-  it("should persist Float32Array as FixedSizeList<Float32> in the LanceDB schema", async () => {
-    const db = await connect(tmpDir.name);
-    const table = await db.createTable("test", [
-      { id: "a", vector: new Float32Array([0.1, 0.2, 0.3]) },
-      { id: "b", vector: new Float32Array([0.4, 0.5, 0.6]) },
-    ]);
-
-    const schema = await table.schema();
-    const vectorField = schema.fields.find((f) => f.name === "vector");
-    expect(vectorField).toBeDefined();
-    expect(vectorField!.type).toBeInstanceOf(FixedSizeList);
-
-    const fsl = vectorField!.type as FixedSizeList;
-    expect(fsl.listSize).toBe(3);
-    expect(fsl.children[0].type.typeId).toBe(Type.Float);
-    // precision: HALF=0, SINGLE=1, DOUBLE=2
-    expect((fsl.children[0].type as Float32).precision).toBe(1);
-  });
-});
--- a/nodejs/test/vector_types.test.ts
+++ b/nodejs/test/vector_types.test.ts
@@ -1,110 +0,0 @@
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright The LanceDB Authors
-
-import * as tmp from "tmp";
-
-import { type Table, connect } from "../lancedb";
-import {
-  Field,
-  FixedSizeList,
-  Float32,
-  Int64,
-  Schema,
-  makeArrowTable,
-} from "../lancedb/arrow";
-
-describe("Vector query with different typed arrays", () => {
-  let tmpDir: tmp.DirResult;
-
-  afterEach(() => {
-    tmpDir?.removeCallback();
-  });
-
-  async function createFloat32Table(): Promise<Table> {
-    tmpDir = tmp.dirSync({ unsafeCleanup: true });
-    const db = await connect(tmpDir.name);
-    const schema = new Schema([
-      new Field("id", new Int64(), true),
-      new Field(
-        "vec",
-        new FixedSizeList(2, new Field("item", new Float32())),
-        true,
-      ),
-    ]);
-    const data = makeArrowTable(
-      [
-        { id: 1n, vec: [1.0, 0.0] },
-        { id: 2n, vec: [0.0, 1.0] },
-        { id: 3n, vec: [1.0, 1.0] },
-      ],
-      { schema },
-    );
-    return db.createTable("test_f32", data);
-  }
-
-  it("should search with Float32Array (baseline)", async () => {
-    const table = await createFloat32Table();
-    const results = await table
-      .query()
-      .nearestTo(new Float32Array([1.0, 0.0]))
-      .limit(1)
-      .toArray();
-
-    expect(results.length).toBe(1);
-    expect(Number(results[0].id)).toBe(1);
-  });
-
-  it("should search with number[] (backward compat)", async () => {
-    const table = await createFloat32Table();
-    const results = await table
-      .query()
-      .nearestTo([1.0, 0.0])
-      .limit(1)
-      .toArray();
-
-    expect(results.length).toBe(1);
-    expect(Number(results[0].id)).toBe(1);
-  });
-
-  it("should search with Float64Array via raw path", async () => {
-    const table = await createFloat32Table();
-    const results = await table
-      .query()
-      .nearestTo(new Float64Array([1.0, 0.0]))
-      .limit(1)
-      .toArray();
-
-    expect(results.length).toBe(1);
-    expect(Number(results[0].id)).toBe(1);
-  });
-
-  it("should add multiple query vectors with Float64Array", async () => {
-    const table = await createFloat32Table();
-    const results = await table
-      .query()
-      .nearestTo(new Float64Array([1.0, 0.0]))
-      .addQueryVector(new Float64Array([0.0, 1.0]))
-      .limit(2)
-      .toArray();
-
-    expect(results.length).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(2);
-  });
-
-  // Float16Array is only available in Node 22+; not in TypeScript's standard lib yet
-  const float16ArrayCtor = (globalThis as unknown as Record<string, unknown>)
-    .Float16Array as (new (values: number[]) => unknown) | undefined;
-  const hasFloat16 = float16ArrayCtor !== undefined;
-  const f16it = hasFloat16 ? it : it.skip;
-
-  f16it("should search with Float16Array via raw path", async () => {
-    const table = await createFloat32Table();
-    const results = await table
-      .query()
-      .nearestTo(new float16ArrayCtor!([1.0, 0.0]) as Float32Array)
-      .limit(1)
-      .toArray();
-
-    expect(results.length).toBe(1);
-    expect(Number(results[0].id)).toBe(1);
-  });
-});
--- a/nodejs/examples/package-lock.json
+++ b/nodejs/examples/package-lock.json
@@ -30,15 +30,12 @@
        "x64",
        "arm64"
      ],
-      "dev": true,
      "license": "Apache-2.0",
-      "optional": true,
      "os": [
        "darwin",
        "linux",
        "win32"
      ],
-      "peer": true,
      "dependencies": {
        "reflect-metadata": "^0.2.2"
      },
@@ -94,15 +91,14 @@
      }
    },
    "node_modules/@babel/code-frame": {
-      "version": "7.29.0",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@babel/code-frame/-/code-frame-7.29.0.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-9NhCeYjq9+3uxgdtp20LSiJXJvN0FeCtNGpJxuMFZ1Kv3cWUNb6DOhJwUvcVCzKGR66cw4njwM6hrJLqgOwbcw==",
+      "version": "7.26.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@babel/code-frame/-/code-frame-7.26.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-RJlIHRueQgwWitWgF8OdFYGZX328Ax5BCemNGlqHfplnRT9ESi8JkFlvaVYbS+UubVY6dpv87Fs2u5M29iNFVQ==",
      "dev": true,
-      "license": "MIT",
      "dependencies": {
-        "@babel/helper-validator-identifier": "^7.28.5",
+        "@babel/helper-validator-identifier": "^7.25.9",
        "js-tokens": "^4.0.0",
-        "picocolors": "^1.1.1"
+        "picocolors": "^1.0.0"
      },
      "engines": {
        "node": ">=6.9.0"
@@ -237,21 +233,19 @@
      }
    },
    "node_modules/@babel/helper-string-parser": {
-      "version": "7.27.1",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@babel/helper-string-parser/-/helper-string-parser-7.27.1.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-qMlSxKbpRlAridDExk92nSobyDdpPijUq2DW6oDnUqd0iOGxmQjyqhMIihI9+zv4LPyZdRje2cavWPbCbWm3eA==",
+      "version": "7.25.9",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@babel/helper-string-parser/-/helper-string-parser-7.25.9.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-4A/SCr/2KLd5jrtOMFzaKjVtAei3+2r/NChoBNoZ3EyP/+GlhoaEGoWOZUmFmoITP7zOJyHIMm+DYRd8o3PvHA==",
      "dev": true,
-      "license": "MIT",
      "engines": {
        "node": ">=6.9.0"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/@babel/helper-validator-identifier": {
-      "version": "7.28.5",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@babel/helper-validator-identifier/-/helper-validator-identifier-7.28.5.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-qSs4ifwzKJSV39ucNjsvc6WVHs6b7S03sOh2OcHF9UHfVPqWWALUsNUVzhSBiItjRZoLHx7nIarVjqKVusUZ1Q==",
+      "version": "7.25.9",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@babel/helper-validator-identifier/-/helper-validator-identifier-7.25.9.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-Ed61U6XJc3CVRfkERJWDz4dJwKe7iLmmJsbOGu9wSloNSFttHV0I8g6UAgb7qnK5ly5bGLPd4oXZlxCdANBOWQ==",
      "dev": true,
-      "license": "MIT",
      "engines": {
        "node": ">=6.9.0"
      }
@@ -266,27 +260,25 @@
      }
    },
    "node_modules/@babel/helpers": {
-      "version": "7.28.6",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@babel/helpers/-/helpers-7.28.6.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-xOBvwq86HHdB7WUDTfKfT/Vuxh7gElQ+Sfti2Cy6yIWNW05P8iUslOVcZ4/sKbE+/jQaukQAdz/gf3724kYdqw==",
+      "version": "7.26.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@babel/helpers/-/helpers-7.26.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-tbhNuIxNcVb21pInl3ZSjksLCvgdZy9KwJ8brv993QtIVKJBBkYXz4q4ZbAv31GdnC+R90np23L5FbEBlthAEw==",
      "dev": true,
-      "license": "MIT",
      "dependencies": {
-        "@babel/template": "^7.28.6",
-        "@babel/types": "^7.28.6"
+        "@babel/template": "^7.25.9",
+        "@babel/types": "^7.26.0"
      },
      "engines": {
        "node": ">=6.9.0"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/@babel/parser": {
-      "version": "7.29.0",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@babel/parser/-/parser-7.29.0.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-IyDgFV5GeDUVX4YdF/3CPULtVGSXXMLh1xVIgdCgxApktqnQV0r7/8Nqthg+8YLGaAtdyIlo2qIdZrbCv4+7ww==",
+      "version": "7.26.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@babel/parser/-/parser-7.26.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-DWMCZH9WA4Maitz2q21SRKHo9QXZxkDsbNZoVD62gusNtNBBqDg9i7uOhASfTfIGNzW+O+r7+jAlM8dwphcJKQ==",
      "dev": true,
-      "license": "MIT",
      "dependencies": {
-        "@babel/types": "^7.29.0"
+        "@babel/types": "^7.26.0"
      },
      "bin": {
        "parser": "bin/babel-parser.js"
@@ -518,15 +510,14 @@
      }
    },
    "node_modules/@babel/template": {
-      "version": "7.28.6",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@babel/template/-/template-7.28.6.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-YA6Ma2KsCdGb+WC6UpBVFJGXL58MDA6oyONbjyF/+5sBgxY/dwkhLogbMT2GXXyU84/IhRw/2D1Os1B/giz+BQ==",
+      "version": "7.25.9",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@babel/template/-/template-7.25.9.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-9DGttpmPvIxBb/2uwpVo3dqJ+O6RooAFOS+lB+xDqoE2PVCE8nfoHMdZLpfCQRLwvohzXISPZcgxt80xLfsuwg==",
      "dev": true,
-      "license": "MIT",
      "dependencies": {
-        "@babel/code-frame": "^7.28.6",
-        "@babel/parser": "^7.28.6",
-        "@babel/types": "^7.28.6"
+        "@babel/code-frame": "^7.25.9",
+        "@babel/parser": "^7.25.9",
+        "@babel/types": "^7.25.9"
      },
      "engines": {
        "node": ">=6.9.0"
@@ -551,14 +542,13 @@
      }
    },
    "node_modules/@babel/types": {
-      "version": "7.29.0",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@babel/types/-/types-7.29.0.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-LwdZHpScM4Qz8Xw2iKSzS+cfglZzJGvofQICy7W7v4caru4EaAmyUuO6BGrbyQ2mYV11W0U8j5mBhd14dd3B0A==",
+      "version": "7.26.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@babel/types/-/types-7.26.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-Z/yiTPj+lDVnF7lWeKCIJzaIkI0vYO87dMpZ4bg4TDrFe4XXLFWL1TbXU27gBP3QccxV9mZICCrnjnYlJjXHOA==",
      "dev": true,
-      "license": "MIT",
      "dependencies": {
-        "@babel/helper-string-parser": "^7.27.1",
-        "@babel/helper-validator-identifier": "^7.28.5"
+        "@babel/helper-string-parser": "^7.25.9",
+        "@babel/helper-validator-identifier": "^7.25.9"
      },
      "engines": {
        "node": ">=6.9.0"
@@ -1161,6 +1151,95 @@
        "url": "https://opencollective.com/libvips"
      }
    },
+    "node_modules/@isaacs/cliui": {
+      "version": "8.0.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@isaacs/cliui/-/cliui-8.0.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-O8jcjabXaleOG9DQ0+ARXWZBTfnP4WNAqzuiJK7ll44AmxGKv/J2M4TPjxjY3znBCfvBXFzucm1twdyFybFqEA==",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "string-width": "^5.1.2",
+        "string-width-cjs": "npm:string-width@^4.2.0",
+        "strip-ansi": "^7.0.1",
+        "strip-ansi-cjs": "npm:strip-ansi@^6.0.1",
+        "wrap-ansi": "^8.1.0",
+        "wrap-ansi-cjs": "npm:wrap-ansi@^7.0.0"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=12"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@isaacs/cliui/node_modules/ansi-regex": {
+      "version": "6.1.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/ansi-regex/-/ansi-regex-6.1.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-7HSX4QQb4CspciLpVFwyRe79O3xsIZDDLER21kERQ71oaPodF8jL725AgJMFAYbooIqolJoRLuM81SpeUkpkvA==",
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=12"
+      },
+      "funding": {
+        "url": "https://github.com/chalk/ansi-regex?sponsor=1"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@isaacs/cliui/node_modules/ansi-styles": {
+      "version": "6.2.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/ansi-styles/-/ansi-styles-6.2.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-bN798gFfQX+viw3R7yrGWRqnrN2oRkEkUjjl4JNn4E8GxxbjtG3FbrEIIY3l8/hrwUwIeCZvi4QuOTP4MErVug==",
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=12"
+      },
+      "funding": {
+        "url": "https://github.com/chalk/ansi-styles?sponsor=1"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@isaacs/cliui/node_modules/emoji-regex": {
+      "version": "9.2.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/emoji-regex/-/emoji-regex-9.2.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-L18DaJsXSUk2+42pv8mLs5jJT2hqFkFE4j21wOmgbUqsZ2hL72NsUU785g9RXgo3s0ZNgVl42TiHp3ZtOv/Vyg=="
+    },
+    "node_modules/@isaacs/cliui/node_modules/string-width": {
+      "version": "5.1.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/string-width/-/string-width-5.1.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-HnLOCR3vjcY8beoNLtcjZ5/nxn2afmME6lhrDrebokqMap+XbeW8n9TXpPDOqdGK5qcI3oT0GKTW6wC7EMiVqA==",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "eastasianwidth": "^0.2.0",
+        "emoji-regex": "^9.2.2",
+        "strip-ansi": "^7.0.1"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=12"
+      },
+      "funding": {
+        "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/sindresorhus"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@isaacs/cliui/node_modules/strip-ansi": {
+      "version": "7.1.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/strip-ansi/-/strip-ansi-7.1.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-iq6eVVI64nQQTRYq2KtEg2d2uU7LElhTJwsH4YzIHZshxlgZms/wIc4VoDQTlG/IvVIrBKG06CrZnp0qv7hkcQ==",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "ansi-regex": "^6.0.1"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=12"
+      },
+      "funding": {
+        "url": "https://github.com/chalk/strip-ansi?sponsor=1"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@isaacs/cliui/node_modules/wrap-ansi": {
+      "version": "8.1.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/wrap-ansi/-/wrap-ansi-8.1.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-si7QWI6zUMq56bESFvagtmzMdGOtoxfR+Sez11Mobfc7tm+VkUckk9bW2UeffTGVUbOksxmSw0AA2gs8g71NCQ==",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "ansi-styles": "^6.1.0",
+        "string-width": "^5.0.1",
+        "strip-ansi": "^7.0.1"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=12"
+      },
+      "funding": {
+        "url": "https://github.com/chalk/wrap-ansi?sponsor=1"
+      }
+    },
    "node_modules/@isaacs/fs-minipass": {
      "version": "4.0.1",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@isaacs/fs-minipass/-/fs-minipass-4.0.1.tgz",
@@ -1527,6 +1606,15 @@
      "resolved": "../dist",
      "link": true
    },
+    "node_modules/@pkgjs/parseargs": {
+      "version": "0.11.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@pkgjs/parseargs/-/parseargs-0.11.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-+1VkjdD0QBLPodGrJUeqarH8VAIvQODIbwh9XpP5Syisf7YoQgsJKPNFoqqLQlu+VQ/tVSshMR6loPMn8U+dPg==",
+      "optional": true,
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=14"
+      }
+    },
    "node_modules/@protobufjs/aspromise": {
      "version": "1.1.2",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@protobufjs/aspromise/-/aspromise-1.1.2.tgz",
@@ -1758,7 +1846,6 @@
      "version": "5.0.1",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/ansi-regex/-/ansi-regex-5.0.1.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-quJQXlTSUGL2LH9SUXo8VwsY4soanhgo6LNSm84E1LBcE8s3O0wpdiRzyR9z/ZZJMlMWv37qOOb9pdJlMUEKFQ==",
-      "dev": true,
      "engines": {
        "node": ">=8"
      }
@@ -1767,7 +1854,6 @@
      "version": "4.3.0",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/ansi-styles/-/ansi-styles-4.3.0.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-zbB9rCJAT1rbjiVDb2hqKFHNYLxgtk8NURxZ3IZwD3F6NtxbXZQCnnSi1Lkx+IDohdPlFp222wVALIheZJQSEg==",
-      "dev": true,
      "dependencies": {
        "color-convert": "^2.0.1"
      },
@@ -1933,15 +2019,13 @@
    "node_modules/balanced-match": {
      "version": "1.0.2",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/balanced-match/-/balanced-match-1.0.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-3oSeUO0TMV67hN1AmbXsK4yaqU7tjiHlbxRDZOpH0KW9+CeX4bRAaX0Anxt0tx2MrpRpWwQaPwIlISEJhYU5Pw==",
-      "dev": true
+      "integrity": "sha512-3oSeUO0TMV67hN1AmbXsK4yaqU7tjiHlbxRDZOpH0KW9+CeX4bRAaX0Anxt0tx2MrpRpWwQaPwIlISEJhYU5Pw=="
    },
    "node_modules/brace-expansion": {
-      "version": "1.1.12",
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-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/minizlib/-/minizlib-3.1.0.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-KZxYo1BUkWD2TVFLr0MQoM8vUUigWD3LlD83a/75BqC+4qE0Hb1Vo5v1FgcfaNXvfXzr+5EhQ6ing/CaBijTlw==",
-      "license": "MIT",
+      "version": "3.0.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/minizlib/-/minizlib-3.0.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-umcy022ILvb5/3Djuu8LWeqUa8D68JaBzlttKeMWen48SjabqS3iY5w/vzeMzMUNhLDifyhbOwKDSznB1vvrwg==",
      "dependencies": {
-        "minipass": "^7.1.2"
+        "minipass": "^7.0.4",
+        "rimraf": "^5.0.5"
      },
      "engines": {
        "node": ">= 18"
      }
    },
+    "node_modules/mkdirp": {
+      "version": "3.0.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/mkdirp/-/mkdirp-3.0.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-+NsyUUAZDmo6YVHzL/stxSu3t9YS1iljliy3BSDrXJ/dkn1KYdmtZODGGjLcc9XLgVVpH4KshHB8XmZgMhaBXg==",
+      "bin": {
+        "mkdirp": "dist/cjs/src/bin.js"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=10"
+      },
+      "funding": {
+        "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/isaacs"
+      }
+    },
    "node_modules/ms": {
      "version": "2.1.3",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/ms/-/ms-2.1.3.tgz",
@@ -4034,6 +4010,11 @@
        "node": ">=6"
      }
    },
+    "node_modules/package-json-from-dist": {
+      "version": "1.0.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/package-json-from-dist/-/package-json-from-dist-1.0.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-UEZIS3/by4OC8vL3P2dTXRETpebLI2NiI5vIrjaD/5UtrkFX/tNbwjTSRAGC/+7CAo2pIcBaRgWmcBBHcsaCIw=="
+    },
    "node_modules/parse-json": {
      "version": "5.2.0",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/parse-json/-/parse-json-5.2.0.tgz",
@@ -4074,7 +4055,6 @@
      "version": "3.1.1",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/path-key/-/path-key-3.1.1.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-ojmeN0qd+y0jszEtoY48r0Peq5dwMEkIlCOu6Q5f41lfkswXuKtYrhgoTpLnyIcHm24Uhqx+5Tqm2InSwLhE6Q==",
-      "dev": true,
      "engines": {
        "node": ">=8"
      }
@@ -4085,6 +4065,26 @@
      "integrity": "sha512-LDJzPVEEEPR+y48z93A0Ed0yXb8pAByGWo/k5YYdYgpY2/2EsOsksJrq7lOHxryrVOn1ejG6oAp8ahvOIQD8sw==",
      "dev": true
    },
+    "node_modules/path-scurry": {
+      "version": "1.11.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/path-scurry/-/path-scurry-1.11.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-Xa4Nw17FS9ApQFJ9umLiJS4orGjm7ZzwUrwamcGQuHSzDyth9boKDaycYdDcZDuqYATXw4HFXgaqWTctW/v1HA==",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "lru-cache": "^10.2.0",
+        "minipass": "^5.0.0 || ^6.0.2 || ^7.0.0"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=16 || 14 >=14.18"
+      },
+      "funding": {
+        "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/isaacs"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/path-scurry/node_modules/lru-cache": {
+      "version": "10.4.3",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/lru-cache/-/lru-cache-10.4.3.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-JNAzZcXrCt42VGLuYz0zfAzDfAvJWW6AfYlDBQyDV5DClI2m5sAmK+OIO7s59XfsRsWHp02jAJrRadPRGTt6SQ=="
+    },
    "node_modules/picocolors": {
      "version": "1.1.1",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/picocolors/-/picocolors-1.1.1.tgz",
@@ -4246,6 +4246,61 @@
        "node": ">=10"
      }
    },
+    "node_modules/rimraf": {
+      "version": "5.0.10",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/rimraf/-/rimraf-5.0.10.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-l0OE8wL34P4nJH/H2ffoaniAokM2qSmrtXHmlpvYr5AVVX8msAyW0l8NVJFDxlSK4u3Uh/f41cQheDVdnYijwQ==",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "glob": "^10.3.7"
+      },
+      "bin": {
+        "rimraf": "dist/esm/bin.mjs"
+      },
+      "funding": {
+        "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/isaacs"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/rimraf/node_modules/brace-expansion": {
+      "version": "2.0.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/brace-expansion/-/brace-expansion-2.0.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-XnAIvQ8eM+kC6aULx6wuQiwVsnzsi9d3WxzV3FpWTGA19F621kwdbsAcFKXgKUHZWsy+mY6iL1sHTxWEFCytDA==",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "balanced-match": "^1.0.0"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/rimraf/node_modules/glob": {
+      "version": "10.4.5",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/glob/-/glob-10.4.5.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-7Bv8RF0k6xjo7d4A/PxYLbUCfb6c+Vpd2/mB2yRDlew7Jb5hEXiCD9ibfO7wpk8i4sevK6DFny9h7EYbM3/sHg==",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "foreground-child": "^3.1.0",
+        "jackspeak": "^3.1.2",
+        "minimatch": "^9.0.4",
+        "minipass": "^7.1.2",
+        "package-json-from-dist": "^1.0.0",
+        "path-scurry": "^1.11.1"
+      },
+      "bin": {
+        "glob": "dist/esm/bin.mjs"
+      },
+      "funding": {
+        "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/isaacs"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/rimraf/node_modules/minimatch": {
+      "version": "9.0.5",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/minimatch/-/minimatch-9.0.5.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-G6T0ZX48xgozx7587koeX9Ys2NYy6Gmv//P89sEte9V9whIapMNF4idKxnW2QtCcLiTWlb/wfCabAtAFWhhBow==",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "brace-expansion": "^2.0.1"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=16 || 14 >=14.17"
+      },
+      "funding": {
+        "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/isaacs"
+      }
+    },
    "node_modules/semver": {
      "version": "7.6.3",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/semver/-/semver-7.6.3.tgz",
@@ -4299,7 +4354,6 @@
      "version": "2.0.0",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/shebang-command/-/shebang-command-2.0.0.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-kHxr2zZpYtdmrN1qDjrrX/Z1rR1kG8Dx+gkpK1G4eXmvXswmcE1hTWBWYUzlraYw1/yZp6YuDY77YtvbN0dmDA==",
-      "dev": true,
      "dependencies": {
        "shebang-regex": "^3.0.0"
      },
@@ -4311,7 +4365,6 @@
      "version": "3.0.0",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/shebang-regex/-/shebang-regex-3.0.0.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-7++dFhtcx3353uBaq8DDR4NuxBetBzC7ZQOhmTQInHEd6bSrXdiEyzCvG07Z44UYdLShWUyXt5M/yhz8ekcb1A==",
-      "dev": true,
      "engines": {
        "node": ">=8"
      }
@@ -4399,7 +4452,20 @@
      "version": "4.2.3",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/string-width/-/string-width-4.2.3.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-wKyQRQpjJ0sIp62ErSZdGsjMJWsap5oRNihHhu6G7JVO/9jIB6UyevL+tXuOqrng8j/cxKTWyWUwvSTriiZz/g==",
-      "dev": true,
+      "dependencies": {
+        "emoji-regex": "^8.0.0",
+        "is-fullwidth-code-point": "^3.0.0",
+        "strip-ansi": "^6.0.1"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=8"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/string-width-cjs": {
+      "name": "string-width",
+      "version": "4.2.3",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/string-width/-/string-width-4.2.3.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-wKyQRQpjJ0sIp62ErSZdGsjMJWsap5oRNihHhu6G7JVO/9jIB6UyevL+tXuOqrng8j/cxKTWyWUwvSTriiZz/g==",
      "dependencies": {
        "emoji-regex": "^8.0.0",
        "is-fullwidth-code-point": "^3.0.0",
@@ -4413,7 +4479,18 @@
      "version": "6.0.1",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/strip-ansi/-/strip-ansi-6.0.1.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-Y38VPSHcqkFrCpFnQ9vuSXmquuv5oXOKpGeT6aGrr3o3Gc9AlVa6JBfUSOCnbxGGZF+/0ooI7KrPuUSztUdU5A==",
-      "dev": true,
+      "dependencies": {
+        "ansi-regex": "^5.0.1"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=8"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/strip-ansi-cjs": {
+      "name": "strip-ansi",
+      "version": "6.0.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/strip-ansi/-/strip-ansi-6.0.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-Y38VPSHcqkFrCpFnQ9vuSXmquuv5oXOKpGeT6aGrr3o3Gc9AlVa6JBfUSOCnbxGGZF+/0ooI7KrPuUSztUdU5A==",
      "dependencies": {
        "ansi-regex": "^5.0.1"
      },
@@ -4464,15 +4541,15 @@
      }
    },
    "node_modules/tar": {
-      "version": "7.5.10",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/tar/-/tar-7.5.10.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-8mOPs1//5q/rlkNSPcCegA6hiHJYDmSLEI8aMH/CdSQJNWztHC9WHNam5zdQlfpTwB9Xp7IBEsHfV5LKMJGVAw==",
-      "license": "BlueOak-1.0.0",
+      "version": "7.4.3",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/tar/-/tar-7.4.3.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-5S7Va8hKfV7W5U6g3aYxXmlPoZVAwUMy9AOKyF2fVuZa2UD3qZjg578OrLRt8PcNN1PleVaL/5/yYATNL0ICUw==",
      "dependencies": {
        "@isaacs/fs-minipass": "^4.0.0",
        "chownr": "^3.0.0",
        "minipass": "^7.1.2",
-        "minizlib": "^3.1.0",
+        "minizlib": "^3.0.1",
+        "mkdirp": "^3.0.1",
        "yallist": "^5.0.0"
      },
      "engines": {
@@ -4705,7 +4782,6 @@
      "version": "2.0.2",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/which/-/which-2.0.2.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-BLI3Tl1TW3Pvl70l3yq3Y64i+awpwXqsGBYWkkqMtnbXgrMD+yj7rhW0kuEDxzJaYXGjEW5ogapKNMEKNMjibA==",
-      "dev": true,
      "dependencies": {
        "isexe": "^2.0.0"
      },
@@ -4733,6 +4809,23 @@
        "url": "https://github.com/chalk/wrap-ansi?sponsor=1"
      }
    },
+    "node_modules/wrap-ansi-cjs": {
+      "name": "wrap-ansi",
+      "version": "7.0.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/wrap-ansi/-/wrap-ansi-7.0.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-YVGIj2kamLSTxw6NsZjoBxfSwsn0ycdesmc4p+Q21c5zPuZ1pl+NfxVdxPtdHvmNVOQ6XSYG4AUtyt/Fi7D16Q==",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "ansi-styles": "^4.0.0",
+        "string-width": "^4.1.0",
+        "strip-ansi": "^6.0.0"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=10"
+      },
+      "funding": {
+        "url": "https://github.com/chalk/wrap-ansi?sponsor=1"
+      }
+    },
    "node_modules/wrappy": {
      "version": "1.0.2",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/wrappy/-/wrappy-1.0.2.tgz",
--- a/nodejs/lancedb/arrow.ts
+++ b/nodejs/lancedb/arrow.ts
@@ -20,8 +20,6 @@ import {
  Float32,
  Float64,
  Int,
-  Int8,
-  Int16,
  Int32,
  Int64,
  LargeBinary,
@@ -37,8 +35,6 @@ import {
  Timestamp,
  Type,
  Uint8,
-  Uint16,
-  Uint32,
  Utf8,
  Vector,
  makeVector as arrowMakeVector,
@@ -117,9 +113,8 @@ export type TableLike =
 export type IntoVector =
  | Float32Array
  | Float64Array
-  | Uint8Array
  | number[]
-  | Promise<Float32Array | Float64Array | Uint8Array | number[]>;
+  | Promise<Float32Array | Float64Array | number[]>;

 export type MultiVector = IntoVector[];

@@ -127,48 +122,14 @@ export function isMultiVector(value: unknown): value is MultiVector {
  return Array.isArray(value) && isIntoVector(value[0]);
 }

-// Float16Array is not in TypeScript's standard lib yet; access dynamically
-type Float16ArrayCtor = new (
-  ...args: unknown[]
-) => { buffer: ArrayBuffer; byteOffset: number; byteLength: number };
-const float16ArrayCtor = (globalThis as unknown as Record<string, unknown>)
-  .Float16Array as Float16ArrayCtor | undefined;
-
 export function isIntoVector(value: unknown): value is IntoVector {
  return (
    value instanceof Float32Array ||
    value instanceof Float64Array ||
-    value instanceof Uint8Array ||
-    (float16ArrayCtor !== undefined && value instanceof float16ArrayCtor) ||
    (Array.isArray(value) && !Array.isArray(value[0]))
  );
 }

-/**
- * Extract the underlying byte buffer and data type from a typed array
- * for passing to the Rust NAPI layer without precision loss.
- */
-export function extractVectorBuffer(
-  vector: Float32Array | Float64Array | Uint8Array,
-): { data: Uint8Array; dtype: string } | null {
-  if (float16ArrayCtor !== undefined && vector instanceof float16ArrayCtor) {
-    return {
-      data: new Uint8Array(vector.buffer, vector.byteOffset, vector.byteLength),
-      dtype: "float16",
-    };
-  }
-  if (vector instanceof Float64Array) {
-    return {
-      data: new Uint8Array(vector.buffer, vector.byteOffset, vector.byteLength),
-      dtype: "float64",
-    };
-  }
-  if (vector instanceof Uint8Array && !(vector instanceof Float32Array)) {
-    return { data: vector, dtype: "uint8" };
-  }
-  return null;
-}
-
 export function isArrowTable(value: object): value is TableLike {
  if (value instanceof ArrowTable) return true;
  return "schema" in value && "batches" in value;
@@ -568,8 +529,7 @@ function isObject(value: unknown): value is Record<string, unknown> {
    !(value instanceof Date) &&
    !(value instanceof Set) &&
    !(value instanceof Map) &&
-    !(value instanceof Buffer) &&
-    !ArrayBuffer.isView(value)
+    !(value instanceof Buffer)
  );
 }

@@ -628,13 +588,6 @@ function inferType(
    return new Bool();
  } else if (value instanceof Buffer) {
    return new Binary();
-  } else if (ArrayBuffer.isView(value) && !(value instanceof DataView)) {
-    const info = typedArrayToArrowType(value);
-    if (info !== undefined) {
-      const child = new Field("item", info.elementType, true);
-      return new FixedSizeList(info.length, child);
-    }
-    return undefined;
  } else if (Array.isArray(value)) {
    if (value.length === 0) {
      return undefined; // Without any values we can't infer the type
@@ -793,32 +746,6 @@ function makeListVector(lists: unknown[][]): Vector<unknown> {
  return listBuilder.finish().toVector();
 }

-/**
- * Map a JS TypedArray instance to the corresponding Arrow element DataType
- * and its length. Returns undefined if the value is not a recognized TypedArray.
- */
-function typedArrayToArrowType(
-  value: ArrayBufferView,
-): { elementType: DataType; length: number } | undefined {
-  if (value instanceof Float32Array)
-    return { elementType: new Float32(), length: value.length };
-  if (value instanceof Float64Array)
-    return { elementType: new Float64(), length: value.length };
-  if (value instanceof Uint8Array)
-    return { elementType: new Uint8(), length: value.length };
-  if (value instanceof Uint16Array)
-    return { elementType: new Uint16(), length: value.length };
-  if (value instanceof Uint32Array)
-    return { elementType: new Uint32(), length: value.length };
-  if (value instanceof Int8Array)
-    return { elementType: new Int8(), length: value.length };
-  if (value instanceof Int16Array)
-    return { elementType: new Int16(), length: value.length };
-  if (value instanceof Int32Array)
-    return { elementType: new Int32(), length: value.length };
-  return undefined;
-}
-
 /** Helper function to convert an Array of JS values to an Arrow Vector */
 function makeVector(
  values: unknown[],
@@ -887,16 +814,6 @@ function makeVector(
      "makeVector cannot infer the type if all values are null or undefined",
    );
  }
-  if (ArrayBuffer.isView(sampleValue) && !(sampleValue instanceof DataView)) {
-    const info = typedArrayToArrowType(sampleValue);
-    if (info !== undefined) {
-      const fslType = new FixedSizeList(
-        info.length,
-        new Field("item", info.elementType, true),
-      );
-      return vectorFromArray(values, fslType);
-    }
-  }
  if (Array.isArray(sampleValue)) {
    // Default Arrow inference doesn't handle list types
    return makeListVector(values as unknown[][]);
--- a/nodejs/lancedb/connection.ts
+++ b/nodejs/lancedb/connection.ts
@@ -166,25 +166,25 @@ export abstract class Connection {
   * List all the table names in this database.
   *
   * Tables will be returned in lexicographical order.
-   * @param {string[]} namespacePath - The namespace path to list tables from (defaults to root namespace)
+   * @param {string[]} namespace - The namespace to list tables from (defaults to root namespace)
   * @param {Partial<TableNamesOptions>} options - options to control the
   * paging / start point
   *
   */
  abstract tableNames(
-    namespacePath?: string[],
+    namespace?: string[],
    options?: Partial<TableNamesOptions>,
  ): Promise<string[]>;

  /**
   * Open a table in the database.
   * @param {string} name - The name of the table
-   * @param {string[]} namespacePath - The namespace path of the table (defaults to root namespace)
+   * @param {string[]} namespace - The namespace of the table (defaults to root namespace)
   * @param {Partial<OpenTableOptions>} options - Additional options
   */
  abstract openTable(
    name: string,
-    namespacePath?: string[],
+    namespace?: string[],
    options?: Partial<OpenTableOptions>,
  ): Promise<Table>;

@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ export abstract class Connection {
   * @param {object} options - The options object.
   * @param {string} options.name - The name of the table.
   * @param {Data} options.data - Non-empty Array of Records to be inserted into the table
-   * @param {string[]} namespacePath - The namespace path to create the table in (defaults to root namespace)
+   * @param {string[]} namespace - The namespace to create the table in (defaults to root namespace)
   *
   */
  abstract createTable(
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ export abstract class Connection {
      name: string;
      data: Data;
    } & Partial<CreateTableOptions>,
-    namespacePath?: string[],
+    namespace?: string[],
  ): Promise<Table>;
  /**
   * Creates a new Table and initialize it with new data.
@@ -220,13 +220,13 @@ export abstract class Connection {
   * @param {string} name - The name of the table.
   * @param {Record<string, unknown>[] | TableLike} data - Non-empty Array of Records
   * to be inserted into the table
-   * @param {string[]} namespacePath - The namespace path to create the table in (defaults to root namespace)
+   * @param {string[]} namespace - The namespace to create the table in (defaults to root namespace)
   * @param {Partial<CreateTableOptions>} options - Additional options
   */
  abstract createTable(
    name: string,
    data: Record<string, unknown>[] | TableLike,
-    namespacePath?: string[],
+    namespace?: string[],
    options?: Partial<CreateTableOptions>,
  ): Promise<Table>;

@@ -245,28 +245,28 @@ export abstract class Connection {
   * Creates a new empty Table
   * @param {string} name - The name of the table.
   * @param {Schema} schema - The schema of the table
-   * @param {string[]} namespacePath - The namespace path to create the table in (defaults to root namespace)
+   * @param {string[]} namespace - The namespace to create the table in (defaults to root namespace)
   * @param {Partial<CreateTableOptions>} options - Additional options
   */
  abstract createEmptyTable(
    name: string,
    schema: import("./arrow").SchemaLike,
-    namespacePath?: string[],
+    namespace?: string[],
    options?: Partial<CreateTableOptions>,
  ): Promise<Table>;

  /**
   * Drop an existing table.
   * @param {string} name The name of the table to drop.
-   * @param {string[]} namespacePath The namespace path of the table (defaults to root namespace).
+   * @param {string[]} namespace The namespace of the table (defaults to root namespace).
   */
-  abstract dropTable(name: string, namespacePath?: string[]): Promise<void>;
+  abstract dropTable(name: string, namespace?: string[]): Promise<void>;

  /**
   * Drop all tables in the database.
-   * @param {string[]} namespacePath The namespace path to drop tables from (defaults to root namespace).
+   * @param {string[]} namespace The namespace to drop tables from (defaults to root namespace).
   */
-  abstract dropAllTables(namespacePath?: string[]): Promise<void>;
+  abstract dropAllTables(namespace?: string[]): Promise<void>;

  /**
   * Clone a table from a source table.
@@ -279,7 +279,7 @@ export abstract class Connection {
   * @param {string} targetTableName - The name of the target table to create.
   * @param {string} sourceUri - The URI of the source table to clone from.
   * @param {object} options - Clone options.
-   * @param {string[]} options.targetNamespacePath - The namespace path for the target table (defaults to root namespace).
+   * @param {string[]} options.targetNamespace - The namespace for the target table (defaults to root namespace).
   * @param {number} options.sourceVersion - The version of the source table to clone.
   * @param {string} options.sourceTag - The tag of the source table to clone.
   * @param {boolean} options.isShallow - Whether to perform a shallow clone (defaults to true).
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@ export abstract class Connection {
    targetTableName: string,
    sourceUri: string,
    options?: {
-      targetNamespacePath?: string[];
+      targetNamespace?: string[];
      sourceVersion?: number;
      sourceTag?: string;
      isShallow?: boolean;
@@ -319,25 +319,25 @@ export class LocalConnection extends Connection {
  }

  async tableNames(
-    namespacePathOrOptions?: string[] | Partial<TableNamesOptions>,
+    namespaceOrOptions?: string[] | Partial<TableNamesOptions>,
    options?: Partial<TableNamesOptions>,
  ): Promise<string[]> {
-    // Detect if first argument is namespacePath array or options object
-    let namespacePath: string[] | undefined;
+    // Detect if first argument is namespace array or options object
+    let namespace: string[] | undefined;
    let tableNamesOptions: Partial<TableNamesOptions> | undefined;

-    if (Array.isArray(namespacePathOrOptions)) {
-      // First argument is namespacePath array
-      namespacePath = namespacePathOrOptions;
+    if (Array.isArray(namespaceOrOptions)) {
+      // First argument is namespace array
+      namespace = namespaceOrOptions;
      tableNamesOptions = options;
    } else {
      // First argument is options object (backwards compatibility)
-      namespacePath = undefined;
-      tableNamesOptions = namespacePathOrOptions;
+      namespace = undefined;
+      tableNamesOptions = namespaceOrOptions;
    }

    return this.inner.tableNames(
-      namespacePath ?? [],
+      namespace ?? [],
      tableNamesOptions?.startAfter,
      tableNamesOptions?.limit,
    );
@@ -345,12 +345,12 @@ export class LocalConnection extends Connection {

  async openTable(
    name: string,
-    namespacePath?: string[],
+    namespace?: string[],
    options?: Partial<OpenTableOptions>,
  ): Promise<Table> {
    const innerTable = await this.inner.openTable(
      name,
-      namespacePath ?? [],
+      namespace ?? [],
      cleanseStorageOptions(options?.storageOptions),
      options?.indexCacheSize,
    );
@@ -362,7 +362,7 @@ export class LocalConnection extends Connection {
    targetTableName: string,
    sourceUri: string,
    options?: {
-      targetNamespacePath?: string[];
+      targetNamespace?: string[];
      sourceVersion?: number;
      sourceTag?: string;
      isShallow?: boolean;
@@ -371,7 +371,7 @@ export class LocalConnection extends Connection {
    const innerTable = await this.inner.cloneTable(
      targetTableName,
      sourceUri,
-      options?.targetNamespacePath ?? [],
+      options?.targetNamespace ?? [],
      options?.sourceVersion ?? null,
      options?.sourceTag ?? null,
      options?.isShallow ?? true,
@@ -406,42 +406,42 @@ export class LocalConnection extends Connection {
    nameOrOptions:
      | string
      | ({ name: string; data: Data } & Partial<CreateTableOptions>),
-    dataOrNamespacePath?: Record<string, unknown>[] | TableLike | string[],
-    namespacePathOrOptions?: string[] | Partial<CreateTableOptions>,
+    dataOrNamespace?: Record<string, unknown>[] | TableLike | string[],
+    namespaceOrOptions?: string[] | Partial<CreateTableOptions>,
    options?: Partial<CreateTableOptions>,
  ): Promise<Table> {
    if (typeof nameOrOptions !== "string" && "name" in nameOrOptions) {
-      // First overload: createTable(options, namespacePath?)
+      // First overload: createTable(options, namespace?)
      const { name, data, ...createOptions } = nameOrOptions;
-      const namespacePath = dataOrNamespacePath as string[] | undefined;
-      return this._createTableImpl(name, data, namespacePath, createOptions);
+      const namespace = dataOrNamespace as string[] | undefined;
+      return this._createTableImpl(name, data, namespace, createOptions);
    }

-    // Second overload: createTable(name, data, namespacePath?, options?)
+    // Second overload: createTable(name, data, namespace?, options?)
    const name = nameOrOptions;
-    const data = dataOrNamespacePath as Record<string, unknown>[] | TableLike;
+    const data = dataOrNamespace as Record<string, unknown>[] | TableLike;

-    // Detect if third argument is namespacePath array or options object
-    let namespacePath: string[] | undefined;
+    // Detect if third argument is namespace array or options object
+    let namespace: string[] | undefined;
    let createOptions: Partial<CreateTableOptions> | undefined;

-    if (Array.isArray(namespacePathOrOptions)) {
-      // Third argument is namespacePath array
-      namespacePath = namespacePathOrOptions;
+    if (Array.isArray(namespaceOrOptions)) {
+      // Third argument is namespace array
+      namespace = namespaceOrOptions;
      createOptions = options;
    } else {
      // Third argument is options object (backwards compatibility)
-      namespacePath = undefined;
-      createOptions = namespacePathOrOptions;
+      namespace = undefined;
+      createOptions = namespaceOrOptions;
    }

-    return this._createTableImpl(name, data, namespacePath, createOptions);
+    return this._createTableImpl(name, data, namespace, createOptions);
  }

  private async _createTableImpl(
    name: string,
    data: Data,
-    namespacePath?: string[],
+    namespace?: string[],
    options?: Partial<CreateTableOptions>,
  ): Promise<Table> {
    if (data === undefined) {
@@ -455,7 +455,7 @@ export class LocalConnection extends Connection {
      name,
      buf,
      mode,
-      namespacePath ?? [],
+      namespace ?? [],
      storageOptions,
    );

@@ -465,21 +465,21 @@ export class LocalConnection extends Connection {
  async createEmptyTable(
    name: string,
    schema: import("./arrow").SchemaLike,
-    namespacePathOrOptions?: string[] | Partial<CreateTableOptions>,
+    namespaceOrOptions?: string[] | Partial<CreateTableOptions>,
    options?: Partial<CreateTableOptions>,
  ): Promise<Table> {
-    // Detect if third argument is namespacePath array or options object
-    let namespacePath: string[] | undefined;
+    // Detect if third argument is namespace array or options object
+    let namespace: string[] | undefined;
    let createOptions: Partial<CreateTableOptions> | undefined;

-    if (Array.isArray(namespacePathOrOptions)) {
-      // Third argument is namespacePath array
-      namespacePath = namespacePathOrOptions;
+    if (Array.isArray(namespaceOrOptions)) {
+      // Third argument is namespace array
+      namespace = namespaceOrOptions;
      createOptions = options;
    } else {
      // Third argument is options object (backwards compatibility)
-      namespacePath = undefined;
-      createOptions = namespacePathOrOptions;
+      namespace = undefined;
+      createOptions = namespaceOrOptions;
    }

    let mode: string = createOptions?.mode ?? "create";
@@ -502,18 +502,18 @@ export class LocalConnection extends Connection {
      name,
      buf,
      mode,
-      namespacePath ?? [],
+      namespace ?? [],
      storageOptions,
    );
    return new LocalTable(innerTable);
  }

-  async dropTable(name: string, namespacePath?: string[]): Promise<void> {
-    return this.inner.dropTable(name, namespacePath ?? []);
+  async dropTable(name: string, namespace?: string[]): Promise<void> {
+    return this.inner.dropTable(name, namespace ?? []);
  }

-  async dropAllTables(namespacePath?: string[]): Promise<void> {
-    return this.inner.dropAllTables(namespacePath ?? []);
+  async dropAllTables(namespace?: string[]): Promise<void> {
+    return this.inner.dropAllTables(namespace ?? []);
  }
 }

--- a/nodejs/lancedb/query.ts
+++ b/nodejs/lancedb/query.ts
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ import {
  Table as ArrowTable,
  type IntoVector,
  RecordBatch,
-  extractVectorBuffer,
  fromBufferToRecordBatch,
  fromRecordBatchToBuffer,
  tableFromIPC,
@@ -662,8 +661,10 @@ export class VectorQuery extends StandardQueryBase<NativeVectorQuery> {
      const res = (async () => {
        try {
          const v = await vector;
+          const arr = Float32Array.from(v);
+          //
          // biome-ignore lint/suspicious/noExplicitAny: we need to get the `inner`, but js has no package scoping
-          const value: any = this.addQueryVector(v);
+          const value: any = this.addQueryVector(arr);
          const inner = value.inner as
            | NativeVectorQuery
            | Promise<NativeVectorQuery>;
@@ -675,12 +676,7 @@ export class VectorQuery extends StandardQueryBase<NativeVectorQuery> {
      return new VectorQuery(res);
    } else {
      super.doCall((inner) => {
-        const raw = Array.isArray(vector) ? null : extractVectorBuffer(vector);
-        if (raw) {
-          inner.addQueryVectorRaw(raw.data, raw.dtype);
-        } else {
-          inner.addQueryVector(Float32Array.from(vector as number[]));
-        }
+        inner.addQueryVector(Float32Array.from(vector));
      });
      return this;
    }
@@ -769,23 +765,14 @@ export class Query extends StandardQueryBase<NativeQuery> {
   * a default `limit` of 10 will be used.  @see {@link Query#limit}
   */
  nearestTo(vector: IntoVector): VectorQuery {
-    const callNearestTo = (
-      inner: NativeQuery,
-      resolved: Float32Array | Float64Array | Uint8Array | number[],
-    ): NativeVectorQuery => {
-      const raw = Array.isArray(resolved)
-        ? null
-        : extractVectorBuffer(resolved);
-      if (raw) {
-        return inner.nearestToRaw(raw.data, raw.dtype);
-      }
-      return inner.nearestTo(Float32Array.from(resolved as number[]));
-    };
-
    if (this.inner instanceof Promise) {
      const nativeQuery = this.inner.then(async (inner) => {
-        const resolved = vector instanceof Promise ? await vector : vector;
-        return callNearestTo(inner, resolved);
+        if (vector instanceof Promise) {
+          const arr = await vector.then((v) => Float32Array.from(v));
+          return inner.nearestTo(arr);
+        } else {
+          return inner.nearestTo(Float32Array.from(vector));
+        }
      });
      return new VectorQuery(nativeQuery);
    }
@@ -793,8 +780,10 @@ export class Query extends StandardQueryBase<NativeQuery> {
      const res = (async () => {
        try {
          const v = await vector;
+          const arr = Float32Array.from(v);
+          //
          // biome-ignore lint/suspicious/noExplicitAny: we need to get the `inner`, but js has no package scoping
-          const value: any = this.nearestTo(v);
+          const value: any = this.nearestTo(arr);
          const inner = value.inner as
            | NativeVectorQuery
            | Promise<NativeVectorQuery>;
@@ -805,7 +794,7 @@ export class Query extends StandardQueryBase<NativeQuery> {
      })();
      return new VectorQuery(res);
    } else {
-      const vectorQuery = callNearestTo(this.inner, vector);
+      const vectorQuery = this.inner.nearestTo(Float32Array.from(vector));
      return new VectorQuery(vectorQuery);
    }
  }
--- a/nodejs/lancedb/table.ts
+++ b/nodejs/lancedb/table.ts
@@ -5,15 +5,12 @@ import {
  Table as ArrowTable,
  Data,
  DataType,
-  Field,
  IntoVector,
  MultiVector,
  Schema,
  dataTypeToJson,
  fromDataToBuffer,
-  fromTableToBuffer,
  isMultiVector,
-  makeEmptyTable,
  tableFromIPC,
 } from "./arrow";

@@ -87,16 +84,6 @@ export interface OptimizeOptions {
   * tbl.optimize({cleanupOlderThan: new Date()});
   */
  cleanupOlderThan: Date;
-  /**
-   * Because they may be part of an in-progress transaction, files newer than
-   * 7 days old are not deleted by default. If you are sure that there are no
-   * in-progress transactions, then you can set this to true to delete all
-   * files older than `cleanupOlderThan`.
-   *
-   * **WARNING**: This should only be set to true if you can guarantee that
-   * no other process is currently working on this dataset. Otherwise the
-   * dataset could be put into a corrupted state.
-   */
  deleteUnverified: boolean;
 }

@@ -394,16 +381,15 @@ export abstract class Table {
  abstract vectorSearch(vector: IntoVector | MultiVector): VectorQuery;
  /**
   * Add new columns with defined values.
-   * @param {AddColumnsSql[] | Field | Field[] | Schema} newColumnTransforms Either:
-   *   - An array of objects with column names and SQL expressions to calculate values
-   *   - A single Arrow Field defining one column with its data type (column will be initialized with null values)
-   *   - An array of Arrow Fields defining columns with their data types (columns will be initialized with null values)
-   *   - An Arrow Schema defining columns with their data types (columns will be initialized with null values)
+   * @param {AddColumnsSql[]} newColumnTransforms pairs of column names and
+   * the SQL expression to use to calculate the value of the new column. These
+   * expressions will be evaluated for each row in the table, and can
+   * reference existing columns in the table.
   * @returns {Promise<AddColumnsResult>} A promise that resolves to an object
   * containing the new version number of the table after adding the columns.
   */
  abstract addColumns(
-    newColumnTransforms: AddColumnsSql[] | Field | Field[] | Schema,
+    newColumnTransforms: AddColumnsSql[],
  ): Promise<AddColumnsResult>;

  /**
@@ -515,7 +501,19 @@ export abstract class Table {
   *  - Index: Optimizes the indices, adding new data to existing indices
   *
   *
-   *  The frequency an application should call optimize is based on the frequency of
+   *  Experimental API
+   *  ----------------
+   *
+   *  The optimization process is undergoing active development and may change.
+   *  Our goal with these changes is to improve the performance of optimization and
+   *  reduce the complexity.
+   *
+   *  That being said, it is essential today to run optimize if you want the best
+   *  performance.  It should be stable and safe to use in production, but it our
+   *  hope that the API may be simplified (or not even need to be called) in the
+   *  future.
+   *
+   *  The frequency an application shoudl call optimize is based on the frequency of
   *  data modifications.  If data is frequently added, deleted, or updated then
   *  optimize should be run frequently.  A good rule of thumb is to run optimize if
   *  you have added or modified 100,000 or more records or run more than 20 data
@@ -808,40 +806,9 @@ export class LocalTable extends Table {
  // TODO: Support BatchUDF

  async addColumns(
-    newColumnTransforms: AddColumnsSql[] | Field | Field[] | Schema,
+    newColumnTransforms: AddColumnsSql[],
  ): Promise<AddColumnsResult> {
-    // Handle single Field -> convert to array of Fields
-    if (newColumnTransforms instanceof Field) {
-      newColumnTransforms = [newColumnTransforms];
-    }
-
-    // Handle array of Fields -> convert to Schema
-    if (
-      Array.isArray(newColumnTransforms) &&
-      newColumnTransforms.length > 0 &&
-      newColumnTransforms[0] instanceof Field
-    ) {
-      const fields = newColumnTransforms as Field[];
-      newColumnTransforms = new Schema(fields);
-    }
-
-    // Handle Schema -> use schema-based approach
-    if (newColumnTransforms instanceof Schema) {
-      const schema = newColumnTransforms;
-      // Convert schema to buffer using Arrow IPC format
-      const emptyTable = makeEmptyTable(schema);
-      const schemaBuf = await fromTableToBuffer(emptyTable);
-      return await this.inner.addColumnsWithSchema(schemaBuf);
-    }
-
-    // Handle SQL expressions (existing functionality)
-    if (Array.isArray(newColumnTransforms)) {
-      return await this.inner.addColumns(
-        newColumnTransforms as AddColumnsSql[],
-      );
-    }
-
-    throw new Error("Invalid input type for addColumns");
+    return await this.inner.addColumns(newColumnTransforms);
  }

  async alterColumns(
--- a/nodejs/npm/darwin-arm64/package.json
+++ b/nodejs/npm/darwin-arm64/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
 	"name": "@lancedb/lancedb-darwin-arm64",
-	"version": "0.27.2",
+	"version": "0.27.0-beta.2",
 	"os": ["darwin"],
 	"cpu": ["arm64"],
 	"main": "lancedb.darwin-arm64.node",
--- a/nodejs/npm/linux-arm64-gnu/package.json
+++ b/nodejs/npm/linux-arm64-gnu/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
 	"name": "@lancedb/lancedb-linux-arm64-gnu",
-	"version": "0.27.2",
+	"version": "0.27.0-beta.2",
 	"os": ["linux"],
 	"cpu": ["arm64"],
 	"main": "lancedb.linux-arm64-gnu.node",
--- a/nodejs/npm/linux-arm64-musl/package.json
+++ b/nodejs/npm/linux-arm64-musl/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
 	"name": "@lancedb/lancedb-linux-arm64-musl",
-	"version": "0.27.2",
+	"version": "0.27.0-beta.2",
 	"os": ["linux"],
 	"cpu": ["arm64"],
 	"main": "lancedb.linux-arm64-musl.node",
--- a/nodejs/npm/linux-x64-gnu/package.json
+++ b/nodejs/npm/linux-x64-gnu/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
 	"name": "@lancedb/lancedb-linux-x64-gnu",
-	"version": "0.27.2",
+	"version": "0.27.0-beta.2",
 	"os": ["linux"],
 	"cpu": ["x64"],
 	"main": "lancedb.linux-x64-gnu.node",
--- a/nodejs/npm/linux-x64-musl/package.json
+++ b/nodejs/npm/linux-x64-musl/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
 	"name": "@lancedb/lancedb-linux-x64-musl",
-	"version": "0.27.2",
+	"version": "0.27.0-beta.2",
 	"os": ["linux"],
 	"cpu": ["x64"],
 	"main": "lancedb.linux-x64-musl.node",
--- a/nodejs/npm/win32-arm64-msvc/package.json
+++ b/nodejs/npm/win32-arm64-msvc/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
  "name": "@lancedb/lancedb-win32-arm64-msvc",
-  "version": "0.27.2",
+  "version": "0.27.0-beta.2",
  "os": [
    "win32"
  ],
--- a/nodejs/npm/win32-x64-msvc/package.json
+++ b/nodejs/npm/win32-x64-msvc/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
 	"name": "@lancedb/lancedb-win32-x64-msvc",
-	"version": "0.27.2",
+	"version": "0.27.0-beta.2",
 	"os": ["win32"],
 	"cpu": ["x64"],
 	"main": "lancedb.win32-x64-msvc.node",
--- a/nodejs/package-lock.json
+++ b/nodejs/package-lock.json
--- a/nodejs/package.json
+++ b/nodejs/package.json
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
    "ann"
  ],
  "private": false,
-  "version": "0.27.2",
+  "version": "0.27.0-beta.2",
  "main": "dist/index.js",
  "exports": {
    ".": "./dist/index.js",
--- a/nodejs/src/connection.rs
+++ b/nodejs/src/connection.rs
@@ -8,10 +8,10 @@ use lancedb::database::{CreateTableMode, Database};
 use napi::bindgen_prelude::*;
 use napi_derive::*;

-use crate::ConnectionOptions;
 use crate::error::NapiErrorExt;
 use crate::header::JsHeaderProvider;
 use crate::table::Table;
+use crate::ConnectionOptions;
 use lancedb::connection::{ConnectBuilder, Connection as LanceDBConnection};

 use lancedb::ipc::{ipc_file_to_batches, ipc_file_to_schema};
@@ -119,12 +119,12 @@ impl Connection {
    #[napi(catch_unwind)]
    pub async fn table_names(
        &self,
-        namespace_path: Option<Vec<String>>,
+        namespace: Vec<String>,
        start_after: Option<String>,
        limit: Option<u32>,
    ) -> napi::Result<Vec<String>> {
        let mut op = self.get_inner()?.table_names();
-        op = op.namespace(namespace_path.unwrap_or_default());
+        op = op.namespace(namespace);
        if let Some(start_after) = start_after {
            op = op.start_after(start_after);
        }
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ impl Connection {
        name: String,
        buf: Buffer,
        mode: String,
-        namespace_path: Option<Vec<String>>,
+        namespace: Vec<String>,
        storage_options: Option<HashMap<String, String>>,
    ) -> napi::Result<Table> {
        let batches = ipc_file_to_batches(buf.to_vec())
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ impl Connection {
        let mode = Self::parse_create_mode_str(&mode)?;
        let mut builder = self.get_inner()?.create_table(&name, batches).mode(mode);

-        builder = builder.namespace(namespace_path.unwrap_or_default());
+        builder = builder.namespace(namespace);

        if let Some(storage_options) = storage_options {
            for (key, value) in storage_options {
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ impl Connection {
        name: String,
        schema_buf: Buffer,
        mode: String,
-        namespace_path: Option<Vec<String>>,
+        namespace: Vec<String>,
        storage_options: Option<HashMap<String, String>>,
    ) -> napi::Result<Table> {
        let schema = ipc_file_to_schema(schema_buf.to_vec()).map_err(|e| {
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ impl Connection {
            .create_empty_table(&name, schema)
            .mode(mode);

-        builder = builder.namespace(namespace_path.unwrap_or_default());
+        builder = builder.namespace(namespace);

        if let Some(storage_options) = storage_options {
            for (key, value) in storage_options {
@@ -198,13 +198,13 @@ impl Connection {
    pub async fn open_table(
        &self,
        name: String,
-        namespace_path: Option<Vec<String>>,
+        namespace: Vec<String>,
        storage_options: Option<HashMap<String, String>>,
        index_cache_size: Option<u32>,
    ) -> napi::Result<Table> {
        let mut builder = self.get_inner()?.open_table(&name);

-        builder = builder.namespace(namespace_path.unwrap_or_default());
+        builder = builder.namespace(namespace);

        if let Some(storage_options) = storage_options {
            for (key, value) in storage_options {
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ impl Connection {
        &self,
        target_table_name: String,
        source_uri: String,
-        target_namespace_path: Option<Vec<String>>,
+        target_namespace: Vec<String>,
        source_version: Option<i64>,
        source_tag: Option<String>,
        is_shallow: bool,
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ impl Connection {
            .get_inner()?
            .clone_table(&target_table_name, &source_uri);

-        builder = builder.target_namespace(target_namespace_path.unwrap_or_default());
+        builder = builder.target_namespace(target_namespace);

        if let Some(version) = source_version {
            builder = builder.source_version(version as u64);
@@ -250,21 +250,18 @@ impl Connection {

    /// Drop table with the name. Or raise an error if the table does not exist.
    #[napi(catch_unwind)]
-    pub async fn drop_table(
-        &self,
-        name: String,
-        namespace_path: Option<Vec<String>>,
-    ) -> napi::Result<()> {
-        let ns = namespace_path.unwrap_or_default();
+    pub async fn drop_table(&self, name: String, namespace: Vec<String>) -> napi::Result<()> {
        self.get_inner()?
-            .drop_table(&name, &ns)
+            .drop_table(&name, &namespace)
            .await
            .default_error()
    }

    #[napi(catch_unwind)]
-    pub async fn drop_all_tables(&self, namespace_path: Option<Vec<String>>) -> napi::Result<()> {
-        let ns = namespace_path.unwrap_or_default();
-        self.get_inner()?.drop_all_tables(&ns).await.default_error()
+    pub async fn drop_all_tables(&self, namespace: Vec<String>) -> napi::Result<()> {
+        self.get_inner()?
+            .drop_all_tables(&namespace)
+            .await
+            .default_error()
    }
 }
--- a/nodejs/src/index.rs
+++ b/nodejs/src/index.rs
@@ -3,12 +3,12 @@

 use std::sync::Mutex;

-use lancedb::index::Index as LanceDbIndex;
 use lancedb::index::scalar::{BTreeIndexBuilder, FtsIndexBuilder};
 use lancedb::index::vector::{
    IvfFlatIndexBuilder, IvfHnswPqIndexBuilder, IvfHnswSqIndexBuilder, IvfPqIndexBuilder,
    IvfRqIndexBuilder,
 };
+use lancedb::index::Index as LanceDbIndex;
 use napi_derive::napi;

 use crate::util::parse_distance_type;
--- a/nodejs/src/query.rs
+++ b/nodejs/src/query.rs
@@ -3,12 +3,6 @@

 use std::sync::Arc;

-use arrow_array::{
-    Array, Float16Array as ArrowFloat16Array, Float32Array as ArrowFloat32Array,
-    Float64Array as ArrowFloat64Array, UInt8Array as ArrowUInt8Array,
-};
-use arrow_buffer::ScalarBuffer;
-use half::f16;
 use lancedb::index::scalar::{
    BooleanQuery, BoostQuery, FtsQuery, FullTextSearchQuery, MatchQuery, MultiMatchQuery, Occur,
    Operator, PhraseQuery,
@@ -23,40 +17,13 @@ use lancedb::query::VectorQuery as LanceDbVectorQuery;
 use napi::bindgen_prelude::*;
 use napi_derive::napi;

-use crate::error::NapiErrorExt;
 use crate::error::convert_error;
+use crate::error::NapiErrorExt;
 use crate::iterator::RecordBatchIterator;
 use crate::rerankers::RerankHybridCallbackArgs;
 use crate::rerankers::Reranker;
 use crate::util::{parse_distance_type, schema_to_buffer};

-fn bytes_to_arrow_array(data: Uint8Array, dtype: String) -> napi::Result<Arc<dyn Array>> {
-    let buf = arrow_buffer::Buffer::from(data.to_vec());
-    let num_bytes = buf.len();
-    match dtype.as_str() {
-        "float16" => {
-            let scalar_buf = ScalarBuffer::<f16>::new(buf, 0, num_bytes / 2);
-            Ok(Arc::new(ArrowFloat16Array::new(scalar_buf, None)))
-        }
-        "float32" => {
-            let scalar_buf = ScalarBuffer::<f32>::new(buf, 0, num_bytes / 4);
-            Ok(Arc::new(ArrowFloat32Array::new(scalar_buf, None)))
-        }
-        "float64" => {
-            let scalar_buf = ScalarBuffer::<f64>::new(buf, 0, num_bytes / 8);
-            Ok(Arc::new(ArrowFloat64Array::new(scalar_buf, None)))
-        }
-        "uint8" => {
-            let scalar_buf = ScalarBuffer::<u8>::new(buf, 0, num_bytes);
-            Ok(Arc::new(ArrowUInt8Array::new(scalar_buf, None)))
-        }
-        _ => Err(napi::Error::from_reason(format!(
-            "Unsupported vector dtype: {}. Expected one of: float16, float32, float64, uint8",
-            dtype
-        ))),
-    }
-}
-
 #[napi]
 pub struct Query {
    inner: LanceDbQuery,
@@ -111,13 +78,6 @@ impl Query {
        Ok(VectorQuery { inner })
    }

-    #[napi]
-    pub fn nearest_to_raw(&mut self, data: Uint8Array, dtype: String) -> Result<VectorQuery> {
-        let array = bytes_to_arrow_array(data, dtype)?;
-        let inner = self.inner.clone().nearest_to(array).default_error()?;
-        Ok(VectorQuery { inner })
-    }
-
    #[napi]
    pub fn fast_search(&mut self) {
        self.inner = self.inner.clone().fast_search();
@@ -203,13 +163,6 @@ impl VectorQuery {
        Ok(())
    }

-    #[napi]
-    pub fn add_query_vector_raw(&mut self, data: Uint8Array, dtype: String) -> Result<()> {
-        let array = bytes_to_arrow_array(data, dtype)?;
-        self.inner = self.inner.clone().add_query_vector(array).default_error()?;
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
    #[napi]
    pub fn distance_type(&mut self, distance_type: String) -> napi::Result<()> {
        let distance_type = parse_distance_type(distance_type)?;
@@ -598,12 +551,15 @@ fn parse_fts_query(query: Object) -> napi::Result<FullTextSearchQuery> {
            }
        };
        let mut query = FullTextSearchQuery::new_query(query);
-        if let Some(cols) = columns
-            && !cols.is_empty()
-        {
-            query = query.with_columns(&cols).map_err(|e| {
-                napi::Error::from_reason(format!("Failed to set full text search columns: {}", e))
-            })?;
+        if let Some(cols) = columns {
+            if !cols.is_empty() {
+                query = query.with_columns(&cols).map_err(|e| {
+                    napi::Error::from_reason(format!(
+                        "Failed to set full text search columns: {}",
+                        e
+                    ))
+                })?;
+            }
        }
        Ok(query)
    } else {
--- a/nodejs/src/session.rs
+++ b/nodejs/src/session.rs
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ impl napi::bindgen_prelude::FromNapiValue for Session {
        napi_val: napi::sys::napi_value,
    ) -> napi::Result<Self> {
        let object: napi::bindgen_prelude::ClassInstance<Self> =
-            unsafe { napi::bindgen_prelude::ClassInstance::from_napi_value(env, napi_val)? };
+            napi::bindgen_prelude::ClassInstance::from_napi_value(env, napi_val)?;
        Ok((*object).clone())
    }
 }
--- a/nodejs/src/table.rs
+++ b/nodejs/src/table.rs
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@

 use std::collections::HashMap;

-use lancedb::ipc::{ipc_file_to_batches, ipc_file_to_schema};
+use lancedb::ipc::ipc_file_to_batches;
 use lancedb::table::{
    AddDataMode, ColumnAlteration as LanceColumnAlteration, Duration, NewColumnTransform,
    OptimizeAction, OptimizeOptions, Table as LanceDbTable,
@@ -279,23 +279,6 @@ impl Table {
        Ok(res.into())
    }

-    #[napi(catch_unwind)]
-    pub async fn add_columns_with_schema(
-        &self,
-        schema_buf: Buffer,
-    ) -> napi::Result<AddColumnsResult> {
-        let schema = ipc_file_to_schema(schema_buf.to_vec())
-            .map_err(|e| napi::Error::from_reason(format!("Failed to read IPC schema: {}", e)))?;
-
-        let transforms = NewColumnTransform::AllNulls(schema);
-        let res = self
-            .inner_ref()?
-            .add_columns(transforms, None)
-            .await
-            .default_error()?;
-        Ok(res.into())
-    }
-
    #[napi(catch_unwind)]
    pub async fn alter_columns(
        &self,
@@ -770,14 +753,12 @@ impl From<lancedb::table::AddResult> for AddResult {

 #[napi(object)]
 pub struct DeleteResult {
-    pub num_deleted_rows: i64,
    pub version: i64,
 }

 impl From<lancedb::table::DeleteResult> for DeleteResult {
    fn from(value: lancedb::table::DeleteResult) -> Self {
        Self {
-            num_deleted_rows: value.num_deleted_rows as i64,
            version: value.version as i64,
        }
    }
--- a/python/.bumpversion.toml
+++ b/python/.bumpversion.toml
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 [tool.bumpversion]
-current_version = "0.31.0-beta.0"
+current_version = "0.30.0-beta.2"
 parse = """(?x)
    (?P<major>0|[1-9]\\d*)\\.
    (?P<minor>0|[1-9]\\d*)\\.
--- a/python/.gitignore
+++ b/python/.gitignore
@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
 # Test data created by some example tests
 data/
 _lancedb.pyd
-# macOS debug symbols bundle generated during build
-*.dSYM/
--- a/python/Cargo.toml
+++ b/python/Cargo.toml
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [package]
 name = "lancedb-python"
-version = "0.31.0-beta.0"
+version = "0.30.0-beta.2"
 edition.workspace = true
 description = "Python bindings for LanceDB"
 license.workspace = true
@@ -16,14 +16,11 @@ crate-type = ["cdylib"]
 [dependencies]
 arrow = { version = "57.2", features = ["pyarrow"] }
 async-trait = "0.1"
-bytes = "1"
 lancedb = { path = "../rust/lancedb", default-features = false }
 lance-core.workspace = true
 lance-namespace.workspace = true
-lance-namespace-impls.workspace = true
 lance-io.workspace = true
 env_logger.workspace = true
-log.workspace = true
 pyo3 = { version = "0.26", features = ["extension-module", "abi3-py39"] }
 pyo3-async-runtimes = { version = "0.26", features = [
    "attributes",
@@ -31,8 +28,6 @@ pyo3-async-runtimes = { version = "0.26", features = [
 ] }
 pin-project = "1.1.5"
 futures.workspace = true
-serde = "1"
-serde_json = "1"
 snafu.workspace = true
 tokio = { version = "1.40", features = ["sync"] }

--- a/python/README.md
+++ b/python/README.md
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# LanceDB Python SDK
+# LanceDB

 A Python library for [LanceDB](https://github.com/lancedb/lancedb).

--- a/python/pyproject.toml
+++ b/python/pyproject.toml
@@ -3,10 +3,10 @@ name = "lancedb"
 # version in Cargo.toml
 dynamic = ["version"]
 dependencies = [
-    "deprecation>=2.1.0",
-    "numpy>=1.24.0",
+    "deprecation",
+    "numpy",
    "overrides>=0.7; python_version<'3.12'",
-    "packaging>=23.0",
+    "packaging",
    "pyarrow>=16",
    "pydantic>=1.10",
    "tqdm>=4.27.0",
@@ -45,51 +45,51 @@ repository = "https://github.com/lancedb/lancedb"

 [project.optional-dependencies]
 pylance = [
-    "pylance>=5.0.0b3",
+    "pylance>=1.0.0b14",
 ]
 tests = [
-    "aiohttp>=3.9.0",
-    "boto3>=1.28.57",
+    "aiohttp",
+    "boto3",
    "pandas>=1.4",
-    "pytest>=7.0",
-    "pytest-mock>=3.10",
-    "pytest-asyncio>=0.21",
-    "duckdb>=0.9.0",
-    "pytz>=2023.3",
+    "pytest",
+    "pytest-mock",
+    "pytest-asyncio",
+    "duckdb",
+    "pytz",
    "polars>=0.19, <=1.3.0",
-    "tantivy>=0.20.0",
-    "pyarrow-stubs>=16.0",
-    "pylance>=5.0.0b3",
-    "requests>=2.31.0",
-    "datafusion>=52,<53",
+    "tantivy",
+    "pyarrow-stubs",
+    "pylance>=1.0.0b14",
+    "requests",
+    "datafusion<52",
 ]
 dev = [
-    "ruff>=0.3.0",
-    "pre-commit>=3.5.0",
-    "pyright>=1.1.350",
+    "ruff",
+    "pre-commit",
+    "pyright",
    'typing-extensions>=4.0.0; python_version < "3.11"',
 ]
 docs = ["mkdocs", "mkdocs-jupyter", "mkdocs-material", "mkdocstrings-python"]
-clip = ["torch", "pillow>=12.1.1", "open-clip-torch"]
-siglip = ["torch", "pillow>=12.1.1", "transformers>=4.41.0","sentencepiece"]
+clip = ["torch", "pillow", "open-clip-torch"]
+siglip = ["torch", "pillow", "transformers>=4.41.0","sentencepiece"]
 embeddings = [
    "requests>=2.31.0",
    "openai>=1.6.1",
-    "sentence-transformers>=2.2.0",
-    "torch>=2.0.0",
-    "pillow>=12.1.1",
-    "open-clip-torch>=2.20.0",
-    "cohere>=4.0",
+    "sentence-transformers",
+    "torch",
+    "pillow",
+    "open-clip-torch",
+    "cohere",
    "colpali-engine>=0.3.10",
-    "huggingface_hub>=0.19.0",
-    "InstructorEmbedding>=1.0.1",
-    "google.generativeai>=0.3.0",
+    "huggingface_hub",
+    "InstructorEmbedding",
+    "google.generativeai",
    "boto3>=1.28.57",
-    "awscli>=1.44.38",
+    "awscli>=1.29.57",
    "botocore>=1.31.57",
    'ibm-watsonx-ai>=1.1.2; python_version >= "3.10"',
    "ollama>=0.3.0",
-    "sentencepiece>=0.1.99"
+    "sentencepiece"
 ]
 azure = ["adlfs>=2024.2.0"]

--- a/python/python/lancedb/init.py
+++ b/python/python/lancedb/init.py
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import importlib.metadata
 import os
 from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor
 from datetime import timedelta
-from typing import Dict, Optional, Union, Any, List
+from typing import Dict, Optional, Union, Any
 import warnings

 __version__ = importlib.metadata.version("lancedb")
@@ -15,9 +15,9 @@ from ._lancedb import connect as lancedb_connect
 from .common import URI, sanitize_uri
 from urllib.parse import urlparse
 from .db import AsyncConnection, DBConnection, LanceDBConnection
+from .io import StorageOptionsProvider
 from .remote import ClientConfig
 from .remote.db import RemoteDBConnection
-from .expr import Expr, col, lit, func
 from .schema import vector
 from .table import AsyncTable, Table
 from ._lancedb import Session
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ def _check_s3_bucket_with_dots(


 def connect(
-    uri: Optional[URI] = None,
+    uri: URI,
    *,
    api_key: Optional[str] = None,
    region: str = "us-east-1",
@@ -73,18 +73,14 @@ def connect(
    client_config: Union[ClientConfig, Dict[str, Any], None] = None,
    storage_options: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None,
    session: Optional[Session] = None,
-    namespace_client_impl: Optional[str] = None,
-    namespace_client_properties: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None,
-    namespace_client_pushdown_operations: Optional[List[str]] = None,
    **kwargs: Any,
 ) -> DBConnection:
    """Connect to a LanceDB database.

    Parameters
    ----------
-    uri: str or Path, optional
-        The uri of the database. When ``namespace_client_impl`` is provided you may
-        omit ``uri`` and connect through a namespace client instead.
+    uri: str or Path
+        The uri of the database.
    api_key: str, optional
        If presented, connect to LanceDB cloud.
        Otherwise, connect to a database on file system or cloud storage.
@@ -117,18 +113,6 @@ def connect(
        cache sizes for index and metadata caches, which can significantly
        impact memory use and performance. They can also be re-used across
        multiple connections to share the same cache state.
-    namespace_client_impl : str, optional
-        When provided along with ``namespace_client_properties``, ``connect``
-        returns a namespace-backed connection by delegating to
-        :func:`connect_namespace`. The value identifies which namespace
-        implementation to load (e.g., ``"dir"`` or ``"rest"``).
-    namespace_client_properties : dict, optional
-        Configuration to pass to the namespace client implementation. Required
-        when ``namespace_client_impl`` is set.
-    namespace_client_pushdown_operations : list[str], optional
-        Only used when ``namespace_client_properties`` is provided. Forwards to
-        :func:`connect_namespace` to control which operations are executed on the
-        namespace service (e.g., ``["QueryTable", "CreateTable"]``).

    Examples
    --------
@@ -148,42 +132,11 @@ def connect(
    >>> db = lancedb.connect("db://my_database", api_key="ldb_...",
    ...                      client_config={"retry_config": {"retries": 5}})

-    Connect to a namespace-backed database:
-
-    >>> db = lancedb.connect(namespace_client_impl="dir",
-    ...                      namespace_client_properties={"root": "/tmp/ns"})
-
    Returns
    -------
    conn : DBConnection
        A connection to a LanceDB database.
    """
-    if namespace_client_impl is not None or namespace_client_properties is not None:
-        if namespace_client_impl is None or namespace_client_properties is None:
-            raise ValueError(
-                "Both namespace_client_impl and "
-                "namespace_client_properties must be provided"
-            )
-        if kwargs:
-            raise ValueError(f"Unknown keyword arguments: {kwargs}")
-        return connect_namespace(
-            namespace_client_impl,
-            namespace_client_properties,
-            read_consistency_interval=read_consistency_interval,
-            storage_options=storage_options,
-            session=session,
-            namespace_client_pushdown_operations=namespace_client_pushdown_operations,
-        )
-
-    if namespace_client_pushdown_operations is not None:
-        raise ValueError(
-            "namespace_client_pushdown_operations is only valid when "
-            "connecting through a namespace"
-        )
-    if uri is None:
-        raise ValueError(
-            "uri is required when not connecting through a namespace client"
-        )
    if isinstance(uri, str) and uri.startswith("db://"):
        if api_key is None:
            api_key = os.environ.get("LANCEDB_API_KEY")
@@ -318,10 +271,6 @@ __all__ = [
    "AsyncConnection",
    "AsyncLanceNamespaceDBConnection",
    "AsyncTable",
-    "col",
-    "Expr",
-    "func",
-    "lit",
    "URI",
    "sanitize_uri",
    "vector",
@@ -330,6 +279,7 @@ __all__ = [
    "LanceNamespaceDBConnection",
    "RemoteDBConnection",
    "Session",
+    "StorageOptionsProvider",
    "Table",
    "__version__",
 ]
--- a/python/python/lancedb/_lancedb.pyi
+++ b/python/python/lancedb/_lancedb.pyi
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ from .index import (
    HnswSq,
    FTS,
 )
+from .io import StorageOptionsProvider
 from lance_namespace import (
    ListNamespacesResponse,
    CreateNamespaceResponse,
@@ -26,32 +27,6 @@ from .remote import ClientConfig
 IvfHnswPq: type[HnswPq] = HnswPq
 IvfHnswSq: type[HnswSq] = HnswSq

-class PyExpr:
-    """A type-safe DataFusion expression node (Rust-side handle)."""
-
-    def eq(self, other: "PyExpr") -> "PyExpr": ...
-    def ne(self, other: "PyExpr") -> "PyExpr": ...
-    def lt(self, other: "PyExpr") -> "PyExpr": ...
-    def lte(self, other: "PyExpr") -> "PyExpr": ...
-    def gt(self, other: "PyExpr") -> "PyExpr": ...
-    def gte(self, other: "PyExpr") -> "PyExpr": ...
-    def and_(self, other: "PyExpr") -> "PyExpr": ...
-    def or_(self, other: "PyExpr") -> "PyExpr": ...
-    def not_(self) -> "PyExpr": ...
-    def add(self, other: "PyExpr") -> "PyExpr": ...
-    def sub(self, other: "PyExpr") -> "PyExpr": ...
-    def mul(self, other: "PyExpr") -> "PyExpr": ...
-    def div(self, other: "PyExpr") -> "PyExpr": ...
-    def lower(self) -> "PyExpr": ...
-    def upper(self) -> "PyExpr": ...
-    def contains(self, substr: "PyExpr") -> "PyExpr": ...
-    def cast(self, data_type: pa.DataType) -> "PyExpr": ...
-    def to_sql(self) -> str: ...
-
-def expr_col(name: str) -> PyExpr: ...
-def expr_lit(value: Union[bool, int, float, str]) -> PyExpr: ...
-def expr_func(name: str, args: List[PyExpr]) -> PyExpr: ...
-
 class Session:
    def __init__(
        self,
@@ -71,35 +46,35 @@ class Connection(object):
    async def close(self): ...
    async def list_namespaces(
        self,
-        namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        page_token: Optional[str] = None,
        limit: Optional[int] = None,
    ) -> ListNamespacesResponse: ...
    async def create_namespace(
        self,
-        namespace_path: List[str],
+        namespace: List[str],
        mode: Optional[str] = None,
        properties: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None,
    ) -> CreateNamespaceResponse: ...
    async def drop_namespace(
        self,
-        namespace_path: List[str],
+        namespace: List[str],
        mode: Optional[str] = None,
        behavior: Optional[str] = None,
    ) -> DropNamespaceResponse: ...
    async def describe_namespace(
        self,
-        namespace_path: List[str],
+        namespace: List[str],
    ) -> DescribeNamespaceResponse: ...
    async def list_tables(
        self,
-        namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        page_token: Optional[str] = None,
        limit: Optional[int] = None,
    ) -> ListTablesResponse: ...
    async def table_names(
        self,
-        namespace_path: Optional[List[str]],
+        namespace: Optional[List[str]],
        start_after: Optional[str],
        limit: Optional[int],
    ) -> list[str]: ...  # Deprecated: Use list_tables instead
@@ -108,8 +83,9 @@ class Connection(object):
        name: str,
        mode: str,
        data: pa.RecordBatchReader,
-        namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        storage_options: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None,
+        storage_options_provider: Optional[StorageOptionsProvider] = None,
        location: Optional[str] = None,
    ) -> Table: ...
    async def create_empty_table(
@@ -117,15 +93,17 @@ class Connection(object):
        name: str,
        mode: str,
        schema: pa.Schema,
-        namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        storage_options: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None,
+        storage_options_provider: Optional[StorageOptionsProvider] = None,
        location: Optional[str] = None,
    ) -> Table: ...
    async def open_table(
        self,
        name: str,
-        namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        storage_options: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None,
+        storage_options_provider: Optional[StorageOptionsProvider] = None,
        index_cache_size: Optional[int] = None,
        location: Optional[str] = None,
    ) -> Table: ...
@@ -133,7 +111,7 @@ class Connection(object):
        self,
        target_table_name: str,
        source_uri: str,
-        target_namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        target_namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        source_version: Optional[int] = None,
        source_tag: Optional[str] = None,
        is_shallow: bool = True,
@@ -142,15 +120,13 @@ class Connection(object):
        self,
        cur_name: str,
        new_name: str,
-        cur_namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
-        new_namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        cur_namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        new_namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None,
    ) -> None: ...
    async def drop_table(
-        self, name: str, namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None
-    ) -> None: ...
-    async def drop_all_tables(
-        self, namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None
+        self, name: str, namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None
    ) -> None: ...
+    async def drop_all_tables(self, namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None) -> None: ...

 class Table:
    def name(self) -> str: ...
@@ -159,10 +135,7 @@ class Table:
    def close(self) -> None: ...
    async def schema(self) -> pa.Schema: ...
    async def add(
-        self,
-        data: pa.RecordBatchReader,
-        mode: Literal["append", "overwrite"],
-        progress: Optional[Any] = None,
+        self, data: pa.RecordBatchReader, mode: Literal["append", "overwrite"]
    ) -> AddResult: ...
    async def update(
        self, updates: Dict[str, str], where: Optional[str]
@@ -193,8 +166,6 @@ class Table:
    async def checkout(self, version: Union[int, str]): ...
    async def checkout_latest(self): ...
    async def restore(self, version: Optional[Union[int, str]] = None): ...
-    async def prewarm_index(self, index_name: str) -> None: ...
-    async def prewarm_data(self, columns: Optional[List[str]] = None) -> None: ...
    async def list_indices(self) -> list[IndexConfig]: ...
    async def delete(self, filter: str) -> DeleteResult: ...
    async def add_columns(self, columns: list[tuple[str, str]]) -> AddColumnsResult: ...
@@ -249,9 +220,7 @@ class RecordBatchStream:

 class Query:
    def where(self, filter: str): ...
-    def where_expr(self, expr: PyExpr): ...
-    def select(self, columns: List[Tuple[str, str]]): ...
-    def select_expr(self, columns: List[Tuple[str, PyExpr]]): ...
+    def select(self, columns: Tuple[str, str]): ...
    def select_columns(self, columns: List[str]): ...
    def limit(self, limit: int): ...
    def offset(self, offset: int): ...
@@ -277,9 +246,7 @@ class TakeQuery:

 class FTSQuery:
    def where(self, filter: str): ...
-    def where_expr(self, expr: PyExpr): ...
-    def select(self, columns: List[Tuple[str, str]]): ...
-    def select_expr(self, columns: List[Tuple[str, PyExpr]]): ...
+    def select(self, columns: List[str]): ...
    def limit(self, limit: int): ...
    def offset(self, offset: int): ...
    def fast_search(self): ...
@@ -298,9 +265,7 @@ class VectorQuery:
    async def output_schema(self) -> pa.Schema: ...
    async def execute(self) -> RecordBatchStream: ...
    def where(self, filter: str): ...
-    def where_expr(self, expr: PyExpr): ...
-    def select(self, columns: List[Tuple[str, str]]): ...
-    def select_expr(self, columns: List[Tuple[str, PyExpr]]): ...
+    def select(self, columns: List[str]): ...
    def select_with_projection(self, columns: Tuple[str, str]): ...
    def limit(self, limit: int): ...
    def offset(self, offset: int): ...
@@ -317,9 +282,7 @@ class VectorQuery:

 class HybridQuery:
    def where(self, filter: str): ...
-    def where_expr(self, expr: PyExpr): ...
-    def select(self, columns: List[Tuple[str, str]]): ...
-    def select_expr(self, columns: List[Tuple[str, PyExpr]]): ...
+    def select(self, columns: List[str]): ...
    def limit(self, limit: int): ...
    def offset(self, offset: int): ...
    def fast_search(self): ...
--- a/python/python/lancedb/db.py
+++ b/python/python/lancedb/db.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ from abc import abstractmethod
 from datetime import timedelta
 from pathlib import Path
 import sys
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Dict, Iterable, List, Literal, Optional, Union
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Dict, Iterable, List, Literal, Optional, Union

 if sys.version_info >= (3, 12):
    from typing import override
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ if TYPE_CHECKING:
    from ._lancedb import Connection as LanceDbConnection
    from .common import DATA, URI
    from .embeddings import EmbeddingFunctionConfig
+    from .io import StorageOptionsProvider
    from ._lancedb import Session

 from .namespace_utils import (
@@ -66,7 +67,7 @@ class DBConnection(EnforceOverrides):

    def list_namespaces(
        self,
-        namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        page_token: Optional[str] = None,
        limit: Optional[int] = None,
    ) -> ListNamespacesResponse:
@@ -74,7 +75,7 @@ class DBConnection(EnforceOverrides):

        Parameters
        ----------
-        namespace_path: List[str], default []
+        namespace: List[str], default []
            The parent namespace to list namespaces in.
            Empty list represents root namespace.
        page_token: str, optional
@@ -88,13 +89,13 @@ class DBConnection(EnforceOverrides):
        ListNamespacesResponse
            Response containing namespace names and optional page_token for pagination.
        """
-        if namespace_path is None:
-            namespace_path = []
+        if namespace is None:
+            namespace = []
        return ListNamespacesResponse(namespaces=[], page_token=None)

    def create_namespace(
        self,
-        namespace_path: List[str],
+        namespace: List[str],
        mode: Optional[str] = None,
        properties: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None,
    ) -> CreateNamespaceResponse:
@@ -102,7 +103,7 @@ class DBConnection(EnforceOverrides):

        Parameters
        ----------
-        namespace_path: List[str]
+        namespace: List[str]
            The namespace identifier to create.
        mode: str, optional
            Creation mode - "create" (fail if exists), "exist_ok" (skip if exists),
@@ -121,7 +122,7 @@ class DBConnection(EnforceOverrides):

    def drop_namespace(
        self,
-        namespace_path: List[str],
+        namespace: List[str],
        mode: Optional[str] = None,
        behavior: Optional[str] = None,
    ) -> DropNamespaceResponse:
@@ -129,7 +130,7 @@ class DBConnection(EnforceOverrides):

        Parameters
        ----------
-        namespace_path: List[str]
+        namespace: List[str]
            The namespace identifier to drop.
        mode: str, optional
            Whether to skip if not exists ("SKIP") or fail ("FAIL"). Case insensitive.
@@ -146,14 +147,12 @@ class DBConnection(EnforceOverrides):
            "Namespace operations are not supported for this connection type"
        )

-    def describe_namespace(
-        self, namespace_path: List[str]
-    ) -> DescribeNamespaceResponse:
+    def describe_namespace(self, namespace: List[str]) -> DescribeNamespaceResponse:
        """Describe a namespace.

        Parameters
        ----------
-        namespace_path: List[str]
+        namespace: List[str]
            The namespace identifier to describe.

        Returns
@@ -167,7 +166,7 @@ class DBConnection(EnforceOverrides):

    def list_tables(
        self,
-        namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        page_token: Optional[str] = None,
        limit: Optional[int] = None,
    ) -> ListTablesResponse:
@@ -175,7 +174,7 @@ class DBConnection(EnforceOverrides):

        Parameters
        ----------
-        namespace_path: List[str], optional
+        namespace: List[str], optional
            The namespace to list tables in.
            None or empty list represents root namespace.
        page_token: str, optional
@@ -199,13 +198,13 @@ class DBConnection(EnforceOverrides):
        page_token: Optional[str] = None,
        limit: int = 10,
        *,
-        namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None,
    ) -> Iterable[str]:
        """List all tables in this database, in sorted order

        Parameters
        ----------
-        namespace_path: List[str], default []
+        namespace: List[str], default []
            The namespace to list tables in.
            Empty list represents root namespace.
        page_token: str, optional
@@ -232,8 +231,9 @@ class DBConnection(EnforceOverrides):
        fill_value: float = 0.0,
        embedding_functions: Optional[List[EmbeddingFunctionConfig]] = None,
        *,
-        namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        storage_options: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None,
+        storage_options_provider: Optional["StorageOptionsProvider"] = None,
        data_storage_version: Optional[str] = None,
        enable_v2_manifest_paths: Optional[bool] = None,
    ) -> Table:
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ class DBConnection(EnforceOverrides):
        ----------
        name: str
            The name of the table.
-        namespace_path: List[str], default []
+        namespace: List[str], default []
            The namespace to create the table in.
            Empty list represents root namespace.
        data: The data to initialize the table, *optional*
@@ -401,8 +401,9 @@ class DBConnection(EnforceOverrides):
        self,
        name: str,
        *,
-        namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        storage_options: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None,
+        storage_options_provider: Optional["StorageOptionsProvider"] = None,
        index_cache_size: Optional[int] = None,
    ) -> Table:
        """Open a Lance Table in the database.
@@ -411,7 +412,7 @@ class DBConnection(EnforceOverrides):
        ----------
        name: str
            The name of the table.
-        namespace_path: List[str], optional
+        namespace: List[str], optional
            The namespace to open the table from.
            None or empty list represents root namespace.
        index_cache_size: int, default 256
@@ -439,27 +440,27 @@ class DBConnection(EnforceOverrides):
        """
        raise NotImplementedError

-    def drop_table(self, name: str, namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None):
+    def drop_table(self, name: str, namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None):
        """Drop a table from the database.

        Parameters
        ----------
        name: str
            The name of the table.
-        namespace_path: List[str], default []
+        namespace: List[str], default []
            The namespace to drop the table from.
            Empty list represents root namespace.
        """
-        if namespace_path is None:
-            namespace_path = []
+        if namespace is None:
+            namespace = []
        raise NotImplementedError

    def rename_table(
        self,
        cur_name: str,
        new_name: str,
-        cur_namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
-        new_namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        cur_namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        new_namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None,
    ):
        """Rename a table in the database.

@@ -469,17 +470,17 @@ class DBConnection(EnforceOverrides):
            The current name of the table.
        new_name: str
            The new name of the table.
-        cur_namespace_path: List[str], optional
+        cur_namespace: List[str], optional
            The namespace of the current table.
            None or empty list represents root namespace.
-        new_namespace_path: List[str], optional
+        new_namespace: List[str], optional
            The namespace to move the table to.
            If not specified, defaults to the same as cur_namespace.
        """
-        if cur_namespace_path is None:
-            cur_namespace_path = []
-        if new_namespace_path is None:
-            new_namespace_path = []
+        if cur_namespace is None:
+            cur_namespace = []
+        if new_namespace is None:
+            new_namespace = []
        raise NotImplementedError

    def drop_database(self):
@@ -489,18 +490,18 @@ class DBConnection(EnforceOverrides):
        """
        raise NotImplementedError

-    def drop_all_tables(self, namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None):
+    def drop_all_tables(self, namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None):
        """
        Drop all tables from the database

        Parameters
        ----------
-        namespace_path: List[str], optional
+        namespace: List[str], optional
            The namespace to drop all tables from.
            None or empty list represents root namespace.
        """
-        if namespace_path is None:
-            namespace_path = []
+        if namespace is None:
+            namespace = []
        raise NotImplementedError

    @property
@@ -641,7 +642,7 @@ class LanceDBConnection(DBConnection):
    @override
    def list_namespaces(
        self,
-        namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        page_token: Optional[str] = None,
        limit: Optional[int] = None,
    ) -> ListNamespacesResponse:
@@ -649,7 +650,7 @@ class LanceDBConnection(DBConnection):

        Parameters
        ----------
-        namespace_path: List[str], optional
+        namespace: List[str], optional
            The parent namespace to list namespaces in.
            None or empty list represents root namespace.
        page_token: str, optional
@@ -663,18 +664,18 @@ class LanceDBConnection(DBConnection):
        ListNamespacesResponse
            Response containing namespace names and optional page_token for pagination.
        """
-        if namespace_path is None:
-            namespace_path = []
+        if namespace is None:
+            namespace = []
        return LOOP.run(
            self._conn.list_namespaces(
-                namespace_path=namespace_path, page_token=page_token, limit=limit
+                namespace=namespace, page_token=page_token, limit=limit
            )
        )

    @override
    def create_namespace(
        self,
-        namespace_path: List[str],
+        namespace: List[str],
        mode: Optional[str] = None,
        properties: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None,
    ) -> CreateNamespaceResponse:
@@ -682,7 +683,7 @@ class LanceDBConnection(DBConnection):

        Parameters
        ----------
-        namespace_path: List[str]
+        namespace: List[str]
            The namespace identifier to create.
        mode: str, optional
            Creation mode - "create" (fail if exists), "exist_ok" (skip if exists),
@@ -697,14 +698,14 @@ class LanceDBConnection(DBConnection):
        """
        return LOOP.run(
            self._conn.create_namespace(
-                namespace_path=namespace_path, mode=mode, properties=properties
+                namespace=namespace, mode=mode, properties=properties
            )
        )

    @override
    def drop_namespace(
        self,
-        namespace_path: List[str],
+        namespace: List[str],
        mode: Optional[str] = None,
        behavior: Optional[str] = None,
    ) -> DropNamespaceResponse:
@@ -712,7 +713,7 @@ class LanceDBConnection(DBConnection):

        Parameters
        ----------
-        namespace_path: List[str]
+        namespace: List[str]
            The namespace identifier to drop.
        mode: str, optional
            Whether to skip if not exists ("SKIP") or fail ("FAIL"). Case insensitive.
@@ -726,20 +727,16 @@ class LanceDBConnection(DBConnection):
            Response containing properties and transaction_id if applicable.
        """
        return LOOP.run(
-            self._conn.drop_namespace(
-                namespace_path=namespace_path, mode=mode, behavior=behavior
-            )
+            self._conn.drop_namespace(namespace=namespace, mode=mode, behavior=behavior)
        )

    @override
-    def describe_namespace(
-        self, namespace_path: List[str]
-    ) -> DescribeNamespaceResponse:
+    def describe_namespace(self, namespace: List[str]) -> DescribeNamespaceResponse:
        """Describe a namespace.

        Parameters
        ----------
-        namespace_path: List[str]
+        namespace: List[str]
            The namespace identifier to describe.

        Returns
@@ -747,12 +744,12 @@ class LanceDBConnection(DBConnection):
        DescribeNamespaceResponse
            Response containing the namespace properties.
        """
-        return LOOP.run(self._conn.describe_namespace(namespace_path=namespace_path))
+        return LOOP.run(self._conn.describe_namespace(namespace=namespace))

    @override
    def list_tables(
        self,
-        namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        page_token: Optional[str] = None,
        limit: Optional[int] = None,
    ) -> ListTablesResponse:
@@ -760,7 +757,7 @@ class LanceDBConnection(DBConnection):

        Parameters
        ----------
-        namespace_path: List[str], optional
+        namespace: List[str], optional
            The namespace to list tables in.
            None or empty list represents root namespace.
        page_token: str, optional
@@ -774,11 +771,11 @@ class LanceDBConnection(DBConnection):
        ListTablesResponse
            Response containing table names and optional page_token for pagination.
        """
-        if namespace_path is None:
-            namespace_path = []
+        if namespace is None:
+            namespace = []
        return LOOP.run(
            self._conn.list_tables(
-                namespace_path=namespace_path, page_token=page_token, limit=limit
+                namespace=namespace, page_token=page_token, limit=limit
            )
        )

@@ -788,7 +785,7 @@ class LanceDBConnection(DBConnection):
        page_token: Optional[str] = None,
        limit: int = 10,
        *,
-        namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None,
    ) -> Iterable[str]:
        """Get the names of all tables in the database. The names are sorted.

@@ -797,7 +794,7 @@ class LanceDBConnection(DBConnection):

        Parameters
        ----------
-        namespace_path: List[str], optional
+        namespace: List[str], optional
            The namespace to list tables in.
        page_token: str, optional
            The token to use for pagination.
@@ -816,11 +813,11 @@ class LanceDBConnection(DBConnection):
            DeprecationWarning,
            stacklevel=2,
        )
-        if namespace_path is None:
-            namespace_path = []
+        if namespace is None:
+            namespace = []
        return LOOP.run(
            self._conn.table_names(
-                namespace_path=namespace_path, start_after=page_token, limit=limit
+                namespace=namespace, start_after=page_token, limit=limit
            )
        )

@@ -842,8 +839,9 @@ class LanceDBConnection(DBConnection):
        fill_value: float = 0.0,
        embedding_functions: Optional[List[EmbeddingFunctionConfig]] = None,
        *,
-        namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        storage_options: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None,
+        storage_options_provider: Optional["StorageOptionsProvider"] = None,
        data_storage_version: Optional[str] = None,
        enable_v2_manifest_paths: Optional[bool] = None,
    ) -> LanceTable:
@@ -851,15 +849,15 @@ class LanceDBConnection(DBConnection):

        Parameters
        ----------
-        namespace_path: List[str], optional
+        namespace: List[str], optional
            The namespace to create the table in.

        See
        ---
        DBConnection.create_table
        """
-        if namespace_path is None:
-            namespace_path = []
+        if namespace is None:
+            namespace = []
        if mode.lower() not in ["create", "overwrite"]:
            raise ValueError("mode must be either 'create' or 'overwrite'")
        validate_table_name(name)
@@ -874,8 +872,9 @@ class LanceDBConnection(DBConnection):
            on_bad_vectors=on_bad_vectors,
            fill_value=fill_value,
            embedding_functions=embedding_functions,
-            namespace_path=namespace_path,
+            namespace=namespace,
            storage_options=storage_options,
+            storage_options_provider=storage_options_provider,
        )
        return tbl

@@ -884,8 +883,9 @@ class LanceDBConnection(DBConnection):
        self,
        name: str,
        *,
-        namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        storage_options: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None,
+        storage_options_provider: Optional["StorageOptionsProvider"] = None,
        index_cache_size: Optional[int] = None,
    ) -> LanceTable:
        """Open a table in the database.
@@ -894,15 +894,15 @@ class LanceDBConnection(DBConnection):
        ----------
        name: str
            The name of the table.
-        namespace_path: List[str], optional
+        namespace: List[str], optional
            The namespace to open the table from.

        Returns
        -------
        A LanceTable object representing the table.
        """
-        if namespace_path is None:
-            namespace_path = []
+        if namespace is None:
+            namespace = []
        if index_cache_size is not None:
            import warnings

@@ -917,8 +917,9 @@ class LanceDBConnection(DBConnection):
        return LanceTable.open(
            self,
            name,
-            namespace_path=namespace_path,
+            namespace=namespace,
            storage_options=storage_options,
+            storage_options_provider=storage_options_provider,
            index_cache_size=index_cache_size,
        )

@@ -927,7 +928,7 @@ class LanceDBConnection(DBConnection):
        target_table_name: str,
        source_uri: str,
        *,
-        target_namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        target_namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        source_version: Optional[int] = None,
        source_tag: Optional[str] = None,
        is_shallow: bool = True,
@@ -945,7 +946,7 @@ class LanceDBConnection(DBConnection):
            The name of the target table to create.
        source_uri: str
            The URI of the source table to clone from.
-        target_namespace_path: List[str], optional
+        target_namespace: List[str], optional
            The namespace for the target table.
            None or empty list represents root namespace.
        source_version: int, optional
@@ -960,13 +961,13 @@ class LanceDBConnection(DBConnection):
        -------
        A LanceTable object representing the cloned table.
        """
-        if target_namespace_path is None:
-            target_namespace_path = []
+        if target_namespace is None:
+            target_namespace = []
        LOOP.run(
            self._conn.clone_table(
                target_table_name,
                source_uri,
-                target_namespace_path=target_namespace_path,
+                target_namespace=target_namespace,
                source_version=source_version,
                source_tag=source_tag,
                is_shallow=is_shallow,
@@ -975,14 +976,14 @@ class LanceDBConnection(DBConnection):
        return LanceTable.open(
            self,
            target_table_name,
-            namespace_path=target_namespace_path,
+            namespace=target_namespace,
        )

    @override
    def drop_table(
        self,
        name: str,
-        namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        ignore_missing: bool = False,
    ):
        """Drop a table from the database.
@@ -991,32 +992,32 @@ class LanceDBConnection(DBConnection):
        ----------
        name: str
            The name of the table.
-        namespace_path: List[str], optional
+        namespace: List[str], optional
            The namespace to drop the table from.
        ignore_missing: bool, default False
            If True, ignore if the table does not exist.
        """
-        if namespace_path is None:
-            namespace_path = []
+        if namespace is None:
+            namespace = []
        LOOP.run(
            self._conn.drop_table(
-                name, namespace_path=namespace_path, ignore_missing=ignore_missing
+                name, namespace=namespace, ignore_missing=ignore_missing
            )
        )

    @override
-    def drop_all_tables(self, namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None):
-        if namespace_path is None:
-            namespace_path = []
-        LOOP.run(self._conn.drop_all_tables(namespace_path=namespace_path))
+    def drop_all_tables(self, namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None):
+        if namespace is None:
+            namespace = []
+        LOOP.run(self._conn.drop_all_tables(namespace=namespace))

    @override
    def rename_table(
        self,
        cur_name: str,
        new_name: str,
-        cur_namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
-        new_namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        cur_namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        new_namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None,
    ):
        """Rename a table in the database.

@@ -1026,21 +1027,21 @@ class LanceDBConnection(DBConnection):
            The current name of the table.
        new_name: str
            The new name of the table.
-        cur_namespace_path: List[str], optional
+        cur_namespace: List[str], optional
            The namespace of the current table.
-        new_namespace_path: List[str], optional
+        new_namespace: List[str], optional
            The namespace to move the table to.
        """
-        if cur_namespace_path is None:
-            cur_namespace_path = []
-        if new_namespace_path is None:
-            new_namespace_path = []
+        if cur_namespace is None:
+            cur_namespace = []
+        if new_namespace is None:
+            new_namespace = []
        LOOP.run(
            self._conn.rename_table(
                cur_name,
                new_name,
-                cur_namespace_path=cur_namespace_path,
-                new_namespace_path=new_namespace_path,
+                cur_namespace=cur_namespace,
+                new_namespace=new_namespace,
            )
        )

@@ -1124,7 +1125,7 @@ class AsyncConnection(object):

    async def list_namespaces(
        self,
-        namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        page_token: Optional[str] = None,
        limit: Optional[int] = None,
    ) -> ListNamespacesResponse:
@@ -1132,7 +1133,7 @@ class AsyncConnection(object):

        Parameters
        ----------
-        namespace_path: List[str], optional
+        namespace: List[str], optional
            The parent namespace to list namespaces in.
            None or empty list represents root namespace.
        page_token: str, optional
@@ -1145,16 +1146,16 @@ class AsyncConnection(object):
        ListNamespacesResponse
            Response containing namespace names and optional pagination token
        """
-        if namespace_path is None:
-            namespace_path = []
+        if namespace is None:
+            namespace = []
        result = await self._inner.list_namespaces(
-            namespace_path=namespace_path, page_token=page_token, limit=limit
+            namespace=namespace, page_token=page_token, limit=limit
        )
        return ListNamespacesResponse(**result)

    async def create_namespace(
        self,
-        namespace_path: List[str],
+        namespace: List[str],
        mode: Optional[str] = None,
        properties: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None,
    ) -> CreateNamespaceResponse:
@@ -1162,7 +1163,7 @@ class AsyncConnection(object):

        Parameters
        ----------
-        namespace_path: List[str]
+        namespace: List[str]
            The namespace identifier to create.
        mode: str, optional
            Creation mode - "create", "exist_ok", or "overwrite". Case insensitive.
@@ -1175,7 +1176,7 @@ class AsyncConnection(object):
            Response containing namespace properties
        """
        result = await self._inner.create_namespace(
-            namespace_path,
+            namespace,
            mode=_normalize_create_namespace_mode(mode),
            properties=properties,
        )
@@ -1183,7 +1184,7 @@ class AsyncConnection(object):

    async def drop_namespace(
        self,
-        namespace_path: List[str],
+        namespace: List[str],
        mode: Optional[str] = None,
        behavior: Optional[str] = None,
    ) -> DropNamespaceResponse:
@@ -1191,7 +1192,7 @@ class AsyncConnection(object):

        Parameters
        ----------
-        namespace_path: List[str]
+        namespace: List[str]
            The namespace identifier to drop.
        mode: str, optional
            Whether to skip if not exists ("SKIP") or fail ("FAIL"). Case insensitive.
@@ -1205,20 +1206,20 @@ class AsyncConnection(object):
            Response containing properties and transaction_id if applicable.
        """
        result = await self._inner.drop_namespace(
-            namespace_path,
+            namespace,
            mode=_normalize_drop_namespace_mode(mode),
            behavior=_normalize_drop_namespace_behavior(behavior),
        )
        return DropNamespaceResponse(**result)

    async def describe_namespace(
-        self, namespace_path: List[str]
+        self, namespace: List[str]
    ) -> DescribeNamespaceResponse:
        """Describe a namespace.

        Parameters
        ----------
-        namespace_path: List[str]
+        namespace: List[str]
            The namespace identifier to describe.

        Returns
@@ -1226,12 +1227,12 @@ class AsyncConnection(object):
        DescribeNamespaceResponse
            Response containing the namespace properties.
        """
-        result = await self._inner.describe_namespace(namespace_path)
+        result = await self._inner.describe_namespace(namespace)
        return DescribeNamespaceResponse(**result)

    async def list_tables(
        self,
-        namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        page_token: Optional[str] = None,
        limit: Optional[int] = None,
    ) -> ListTablesResponse:
@@ -1239,7 +1240,7 @@ class AsyncConnection(object):

        Parameters
        ----------
-        namespace_path: List[str], optional
+        namespace: List[str], optional
            The namespace to list tables in.
            None or empty list represents root namespace.
        page_token: str, optional
@@ -1253,17 +1254,17 @@ class AsyncConnection(object):
        ListTablesResponse
            Response containing table names and optional page_token for pagination.
        """
-        if namespace_path is None:
-            namespace_path = []
+        if namespace is None:
+            namespace = []
        result = await self._inner.list_tables(
-            namespace_path=namespace_path, page_token=page_token, limit=limit
+            namespace=namespace, page_token=page_token, limit=limit
        )
        return ListTablesResponse(**result)

    async def table_names(
        self,
        *,
-        namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        start_after: Optional[str] = None,
        limit: Optional[int] = None,
    ) -> Iterable[str]:
@@ -1274,7 +1275,7 @@ class AsyncConnection(object):

        Parameters
        ----------
-        namespace_path: List[str], optional
+        namespace: List[str], optional
            The namespace to list tables in.
            None or empty list represents root namespace.
        start_after: str, optional
@@ -1297,10 +1298,10 @@ class AsyncConnection(object):
            DeprecationWarning,
            stacklevel=2,
        )
-        if namespace_path is None:
-            namespace_path = []
+        if namespace is None:
+            namespace = []
        return await self._inner.table_names(
-            namespace_path=namespace_path, start_after=start_after, limit=limit
+            namespace=namespace, start_after=start_after, limit=limit
        )

    async def create_table(
@@ -1313,8 +1314,9 @@ class AsyncConnection(object):
        on_bad_vectors: Optional[str] = None,
        fill_value: Optional[float] = None,
        storage_options: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None,
+        storage_options_provider: Optional["StorageOptionsProvider"] = None,
        *,
-        namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        embedding_functions: Optional[List[EmbeddingFunctionConfig]] = None,
        location: Optional[str] = None,
    ) -> AsyncTable:
@@ -1324,7 +1326,7 @@ class AsyncConnection(object):
        ----------
        name: str
            The name of the table.
-        namespace_path: List[str], default []
+        namespace: List[str], default []
            The namespace to create the table in.
            Empty list represents root namespace.
        data: The data to initialize the table, *optional*
@@ -1475,8 +1477,8 @@ class AsyncConnection(object):
        ...     await db.create_table("table4", make_batches(), schema=schema)
        >>> asyncio.run(iterable_example())
        """
-        if namespace_path is None:
-            namespace_path = []
+        if namespace is None:
+            namespace = []
        metadata = None

        if embedding_functions is not None:
@@ -1511,8 +1513,9 @@ class AsyncConnection(object):
                name,
                mode,
                schema,
-                namespace_path=namespace_path,
+                namespace=namespace,
                storage_options=storage_options,
+                storage_options_provider=storage_options_provider,
                location=location,
            )
        else:
@@ -1521,8 +1524,9 @@ class AsyncConnection(object):
                name,
                mode,
                data,
-                namespace_path=namespace_path,
+                namespace=namespace,
                storage_options=storage_options,
+                storage_options_provider=storage_options_provider,
                location=location,
            )

@@ -1532,12 +1536,11 @@ class AsyncConnection(object):
        self,
        name: str,
        *,
-        namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        storage_options: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None,
+        storage_options_provider: Optional["StorageOptionsProvider"] = None,
        index_cache_size: Optional[int] = None,
        location: Optional[str] = None,
-        namespace_client: Optional[Any] = None,
-        managed_versioning: Optional[bool] = None,
    ) -> AsyncTable:
        """Open a Lance Table in the database.

@@ -1545,7 +1548,7 @@ class AsyncConnection(object):
        ----------
        name: str
            The name of the table.
-        namespace_path: List[str], optional
+        namespace: List[str], optional
            The namespace to open the table from.
            None or empty list represents root namespace.
        storage_options: dict, optional
@@ -1570,24 +1573,20 @@ class AsyncConnection(object):
            The explicit location (URI) of the table. If provided, the table will be
            opened from this location instead of deriving it from the database URI
            and table name.
-        managed_versioning: bool, optional
-            Whether managed versioning is enabled for this table. If provided,
-            avoids a redundant describe_table call when namespace_client is set.

        Returns
        -------
        A LanceTable object representing the table.
        """
-        if namespace_path is None:
-            namespace_path = []
+        if namespace is None:
+            namespace = []
        table = await self._inner.open_table(
            name,
-            namespace_path=namespace_path,
+            namespace=namespace,
            storage_options=storage_options,
+            storage_options_provider=storage_options_provider,
            index_cache_size=index_cache_size,
            location=location,
-            namespace_client=namespace_client,
-            managed_versioning=managed_versioning,
        )
        return AsyncTable(table)

@@ -1596,7 +1595,7 @@ class AsyncConnection(object):
        target_table_name: str,
        source_uri: str,
        *,
-        target_namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        target_namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        source_version: Optional[int] = None,
        source_tag: Optional[str] = None,
        is_shallow: bool = True,
@@ -1614,7 +1613,7 @@ class AsyncConnection(object):
            The name of the target table to create.
        source_uri: str
            The URI of the source table to clone from.
-        target_namespace_path: List[str], optional
+        target_namespace: List[str], optional
            The namespace for the target table.
            None or empty list represents root namespace.
        source_version: int, optional
@@ -1629,12 +1628,12 @@ class AsyncConnection(object):
        -------
        An AsyncTable object representing the cloned table.
        """
-        if target_namespace_path is None:
-            target_namespace_path = []
+        if target_namespace is None:
+            target_namespace = []
        table = await self._inner.clone_table(
            target_table_name,
            source_uri,
-            target_namespace_path=target_namespace_path,
+            target_namespace=target_namespace,
            source_version=source_version,
            source_tag=source_tag,
            is_shallow=is_shallow,
@@ -1645,8 +1644,8 @@ class AsyncConnection(object):
        self,
        cur_name: str,
        new_name: str,
-        cur_namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
-        new_namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        cur_namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        new_namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None,
    ):
        """Rename a table in the database.

@@ -1656,29 +1655,26 @@ class AsyncConnection(object):
            The current name of the table.
        new_name: str
            The new name of the table.
-        cur_namespace_path: List[str], optional
+        cur_namespace: List[str], optional
            The namespace of the current table.
            None or empty list represents root namespace.
-        new_namespace_path: List[str], optional
+        new_namespace: List[str], optional
            The namespace to move the table to.
            If not specified, defaults to the same as cur_namespace.
        """
-        if cur_namespace_path is None:
-            cur_namespace_path = []
-        if new_namespace_path is None:
-            new_namespace_path = []
+        if cur_namespace is None:
+            cur_namespace = []
+        if new_namespace is None:
+            new_namespace = []
        await self._inner.rename_table(
-            cur_name,
-            new_name,
-            cur_namespace_path=cur_namespace_path,
-            new_namespace_path=new_namespace_path,
+            cur_name, new_name, cur_namespace=cur_namespace, new_namespace=new_namespace
        )

    async def drop_table(
        self,
        name: str,
        *,
-        namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        ignore_missing: bool = False,
    ):
        """Drop a table from the database.
@@ -1687,34 +1683,34 @@ class AsyncConnection(object):
        ----------
        name: str
            The name of the table.
-        namespace_path: List[str], default []
+        namespace: List[str], default []
            The namespace to drop the table from.
            Empty list represents root namespace.
        ignore_missing: bool, default False
            If True, ignore if the table does not exist.
        """
-        if namespace_path is None:
-            namespace_path = []
+        if namespace is None:
+            namespace = []
        try:
-            await self._inner.drop_table(name, namespace_path=namespace_path)
+            await self._inner.drop_table(name, namespace=namespace)
        except ValueError as e:
            if not ignore_missing:
                raise e
            if f"Table '{name}' was not found" not in str(e):
                raise e

-    async def drop_all_tables(self, namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None):
+    async def drop_all_tables(self, namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None):
        """Drop all tables from the database.

        Parameters
        ----------
-        namespace_path: List[str], optional
+        namespace: List[str], optional
            The namespace to drop all tables from.
            None or empty list represents root namespace.
        """
-        if namespace_path is None:
-            namespace_path = []
-        await self._inner.drop_all_tables(namespace_path=namespace_path)
+        if namespace is None:
+            namespace = []
+        await self._inner.drop_all_tables(namespace=namespace)

    @deprecation.deprecated(
        deprecated_in="0.15.1",
--- a/python/python/lancedb/embeddings/utils.py
+++ b/python/python/lancedb/embeddings/utils.py
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ import sys
 import threading
 import time
 import urllib.error
-import urllib.request
 import weakref
 import logging
 from functools import wraps
--- a/python/python/lancedb/expr.py
+++ b/python/python/lancedb/expr.py
@@ -1,298 +0,0 @@
-# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright The LanceDB Authors
-
-"""Type-safe expression builder for filters and projections.
-
-Instead of writing raw SQL strings you can build expressions with Python
-operators::
-
-    from lancedb.expr import col, lit
-
-    # filter: age > 18 AND status = 'active'
-    filt = (col("age") > lit(18)) & (col("status") == lit("active"))
-
-    # projection: compute a derived column
-    proj = {"score": col("raw_score") * lit(1.5)}
-
-    table.search().where(filt).select(proj).to_list()
-"""
-
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-from typing import Union
-
-import pyarrow as pa
-
-from lancedb._lancedb import PyExpr, expr_col, expr_lit, expr_func
-
-__all__ = ["Expr", "col", "lit", "func"]
-
-_STR_TO_PA_TYPE: dict = {
-    "bool": pa.bool_(),
-    "boolean": pa.bool_(),
-    "int8": pa.int8(),
-    "int16": pa.int16(),
-    "int32": pa.int32(),
-    "int64": pa.int64(),
-    "uint8": pa.uint8(),
-    "uint16": pa.uint16(),
-    "uint32": pa.uint32(),
-    "uint64": pa.uint64(),
-    "float16": pa.float16(),
-    "float32": pa.float32(),
-    "float": pa.float32(),
-    "float64": pa.float64(),
-    "double": pa.float64(),
-    "string": pa.string(),
-    "utf8": pa.string(),
-    "str": pa.string(),
-    "large_string": pa.large_utf8(),
-    "large_utf8": pa.large_utf8(),
-    "date32": pa.date32(),
-    "date": pa.date32(),
-    "date64": pa.date64(),
-}
-
-
-def _coerce(value: "ExprLike") -> "Expr":
-    """Return *value* as an :class:`Expr`, wrapping plain Python values via
-    :func:`lit` if needed."""
-    if isinstance(value, Expr):
-        return value
-    return lit(value)
-
-
-# Type alias used in annotations.
-ExprLike = Union["Expr", bool, int, float, str]
-
-
-class Expr:
-    """A type-safe expression node.
-
-    Construct instances with :func:`col` and :func:`lit`, then combine them
-    using Python operators or the named methods below.
-
-    Examples
-    --------
-    >>> from lancedb.expr import col, lit
-    >>> filt = (col("age") > lit(18)) & (col("name").lower() == lit("alice"))
-    >>> proj = {"double": col("x") * lit(2)}
-    """
-
-    # Make Expr unhashable so that == returns an Expr rather than being used
-    # for dict keys / set membership.
-    __hash__ = None  # type: ignore[assignment]
-
-    def __init__(self, inner: PyExpr) -> None:
-        self._inner = inner
-
-    # ── comparisons ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-
-    def __eq__(self, other: ExprLike) -> "Expr":  # type: ignore[override]
-        """Equal to (``col("x") == 1``)."""
-        return Expr(self._inner.eq(_coerce(other)._inner))
-
-    def __ne__(self, other: ExprLike) -> "Expr":  # type: ignore[override]
-        """Not equal to (``col("x") != 1``)."""
-        return Expr(self._inner.ne(_coerce(other)._inner))
-
-    def __lt__(self, other: ExprLike) -> "Expr":
-        """Less than (``col("x") < 1``)."""
-        return Expr(self._inner.lt(_coerce(other)._inner))
-
-    def __le__(self, other: ExprLike) -> "Expr":
-        """Less than or equal to (``col("x") <= 1``)."""
-        return Expr(self._inner.lte(_coerce(other)._inner))
-
-    def __gt__(self, other: ExprLike) -> "Expr":
-        """Greater than (``col("x") > 1``)."""
-        return Expr(self._inner.gt(_coerce(other)._inner))
-
-    def __ge__(self, other: ExprLike) -> "Expr":
-        """Greater than or equal to (``col("x") >= 1``)."""
-        return Expr(self._inner.gte(_coerce(other)._inner))
-
-    # ── logical ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-
-    def __and__(self, other: "Expr") -> "Expr":
-        """Logical AND (``expr_a & expr_b``)."""
-        return Expr(self._inner.and_(_coerce(other)._inner))
-
-    def __or__(self, other: "Expr") -> "Expr":
-        """Logical OR (``expr_a | expr_b``)."""
-        return Expr(self._inner.or_(_coerce(other)._inner))
-
-    def __invert__(self) -> "Expr":
-        """Logical NOT (``~expr``)."""
-        return Expr(self._inner.not_())
-
-    # ── arithmetic ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-
-    def __add__(self, other: ExprLike) -> "Expr":
-        """Add (``col("x") + 1``)."""
-        return Expr(self._inner.add(_coerce(other)._inner))
-
-    def __radd__(self, other: ExprLike) -> "Expr":
-        """Right-hand add (``1 + col("x")``)."""
-        return Expr(_coerce(other)._inner.add(self._inner))
-
-    def __sub__(self, other: ExprLike) -> "Expr":
-        """Subtract (``col("x") - 1``)."""
-        return Expr(self._inner.sub(_coerce(other)._inner))
-
-    def __rsub__(self, other: ExprLike) -> "Expr":
-        """Right-hand subtract (``1 - col("x")``)."""
-        return Expr(_coerce(other)._inner.sub(self._inner))
-
-    def __mul__(self, other: ExprLike) -> "Expr":
-        """Multiply (``col("x") * 2``)."""
-        return Expr(self._inner.mul(_coerce(other)._inner))
-
-    def __rmul__(self, other: ExprLike) -> "Expr":
-        """Right-hand multiply (``2 * col("x")``)."""
-        return Expr(_coerce(other)._inner.mul(self._inner))
-
-    def __truediv__(self, other: ExprLike) -> "Expr":
-        """Divide (``col("x") / 2``)."""
-        return Expr(self._inner.div(_coerce(other)._inner))
-
-    def __rtruediv__(self, other: ExprLike) -> "Expr":
-        """Right-hand divide (``1 / col("x")``)."""
-        return Expr(_coerce(other)._inner.div(self._inner))
-
-    # ── string methods ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-
-    def lower(self) -> "Expr":
-        """Convert string column values to lowercase."""
-        return Expr(self._inner.lower())
-
-    def upper(self) -> "Expr":
-        """Convert string column values to uppercase."""
-        return Expr(self._inner.upper())
-
-    def contains(self, substr: "ExprLike") -> "Expr":
-        """Return True where the string contains *substr*."""
-        return Expr(self._inner.contains(_coerce(substr)._inner))
-
-    # ── type cast ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-
-    def cast(self, data_type: Union[str, "pa.DataType"]) -> "Expr":
-        """Cast values to *data_type*.
-
-        Parameters
-        ----------
-        data_type:
-            A PyArrow ``DataType`` (e.g. ``pa.int32()``) or one of the type
-            name strings: ``"bool"``, ``"int8"``, ``"int16"``, ``"int32"``,
-            ``"int64"``, ``"uint8"``–``"uint64"``, ``"float32"``,
-            ``"float64"``, ``"string"``, ``"date32"``, ``"date64"``.
-        """
-        if isinstance(data_type, str):
-            try:
-                data_type = _STR_TO_PA_TYPE[data_type]
-            except KeyError:
-                raise ValueError(
-                    f"unsupported data type: '{data_type}'. Supported: "
-                    f"{', '.join(_STR_TO_PA_TYPE)}"
-                )
-        return Expr(self._inner.cast(data_type))
-
-    # ── named comparison helpers (alternative to operators) ──────────────────
-
-    def eq(self, other: ExprLike) -> "Expr":
-        """Equal to."""
-        return self.__eq__(other)
-
-    def ne(self, other: ExprLike) -> "Expr":
-        """Not equal to."""
-        return self.__ne__(other)
-
-    def lt(self, other: ExprLike) -> "Expr":
-        """Less than."""
-        return self.__lt__(other)
-
-    def lte(self, other: ExprLike) -> "Expr":
-        """Less than or equal to."""
-        return self.__le__(other)
-
-    def gt(self, other: ExprLike) -> "Expr":
-        """Greater than."""
-        return self.__gt__(other)
-
-    def gte(self, other: ExprLike) -> "Expr":
-        """Greater than or equal to."""
-        return self.__ge__(other)
-
-    def and_(self, other: "Expr") -> "Expr":
-        """Logical AND."""
-        return self.__and__(other)
-
-    def or_(self, other: "Expr") -> "Expr":
-        """Logical OR."""
-        return self.__or__(other)
-
-    # ── utilities ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-
-    def to_sql(self) -> str:
-        """Render the expression as a SQL string (useful for debugging)."""
-        return self._inner.to_sql()
-
-    def __repr__(self) -> str:
-        return f"Expr({self._inner.to_sql()})"
-
-
-# ── free functions ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-
-
-def col(name: str) -> Expr:
-    """Reference a table column by name.
-
-    Parameters
-    ----------
-    name:
-        The column name.
-
-    Examples
-    --------
-    >>> from lancedb.expr import col, lit
-    >>> col("age") > lit(18)
-    Expr((age > 18))
-    """
-    return Expr(expr_col(name))
-
-
-def lit(value: Union[bool, int, float, str]) -> Expr:
-    """Create a literal (constant) value expression.
-
-    Parameters
-    ----------
-    value:
-        A Python ``bool``, ``int``, ``float``, or ``str``.
-
-    Examples
-    --------
-    >>> from lancedb.expr import col, lit
-    >>> col("price") * lit(1.1)
-    Expr((price * 1.1))
-    """
-    return Expr(expr_lit(value))
-
-
-def func(name: str, *args: ExprLike) -> Expr:
-    """Call an arbitrary SQL function by name.
-
-    Parameters
-    ----------
-    name:
-        The SQL function name (e.g. ``"lower"``, ``"upper"``).
-    *args:
-        The function arguments as :class:`Expr` or plain Python literals.
-
-    Examples
-    --------
-    >>> from lancedb.expr import col, func
-    >>> func("lower", col("name"))
-    Expr(lower(name))
-    """
-    inner_args = [_coerce(a)._inner for a in args]
-    return Expr(expr_func(name, inner_args))
--- a/python/python/lancedb/io.py
+++ b/python/python/lancedb/io.py
@@ -2,3 +2,70 @@
 # SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright The LanceDB Authors

 """I/O utilities and interfaces for LanceDB."""
+
+from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
+from typing import Dict
+
+
+class StorageOptionsProvider(ABC):
+    """Abstract base class for providing storage options to LanceDB tables.
+
+    Storage options providers enable automatic credential refresh for cloud
+    storage backends (e.g., AWS S3, Azure Blob Storage, GCS). When credentials
+    have an expiration time, the provider's fetch_storage_options() method will
+    be called periodically to get fresh credentials before they expire.
+
+    Example
+    -------
+    >>> class MyProvider(StorageOptionsProvider):
+    ...     def fetch_storage_options(self) -> Dict[str, str]:
+    ...         # Fetch fresh credentials from your credential manager
+    ...         return {
+    ...             "aws_access_key_id": "...",
+    ...             "aws_secret_access_key": "...",
+    ...             "expires_at_millis": "1234567890000"  # Optional
+    ...         }
+    """
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def fetch_storage_options(self) -> Dict[str, str]:
+        """Fetch fresh storage credentials.
+
+        This method is called by LanceDB when credentials need to be refreshed.
+        If the returned dictionary contains an "expires_at_millis" key with a
+        Unix timestamp in milliseconds, LanceDB will automatically refresh the
+        credentials before that time. If the key is not present, credentials
+        are assumed to not expire.
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        Dict[str, str]
+            Dictionary containing cloud storage credentials and optionally an
+            expiration time:
+            - "expires_at_millis" (optional): Unix timestamp in milliseconds when
+              credentials expire
+            - Provider-specific credential keys (e.g., aws_access_key_id,
+              aws_secret_access_key, etc.)
+
+        Raises
+        ------
+        RuntimeError
+            If credentials cannot be fetched or are invalid
+        """
+        pass
+
+    def provider_id(self) -> str:
+        """Return a human-readable unique identifier for this provider instance.
+
+        This identifier is used for caching and equality comparison. Two providers
+        with the same ID will share the same cached object store connection.
+
+        The default implementation uses the class name and string representation.
+        Override this method if you need custom identification logic.
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        str
+            A unique identifier for this provider instance
+        """
+        return f"{self.__class__.__name__} {{ repr: {str(self)!r} }}"
--- a/python/python/lancedb/namespace.py
+++ b/python/python/lancedb/namespace.py
--- a/python/python/lancedb/query.py
+++ b/python/python/lancedb/query.py
@@ -38,7 +38,6 @@ from .rerankers.base import Reranker
 from .rerankers.rrf import RRFReranker
 from .rerankers.util import check_reranker_result
 from .util import flatten_columns
-from .expr import Expr
 from lancedb._lancedb import fts_query_to_json
 from typing_extensions import Annotated

@@ -71,7 +70,7 @@ def ensure_vector_query(
 ) -> Union[List[float], List[List[float]], pa.Array, List[pa.Array]]:
    if isinstance(val, list):
        if len(val) == 0:
-            raise ValueError("Vector query must be a non-empty list")
+            return ValueError("Vector query must be a non-empty list")
        sample = val[0]
    else:
        if isinstance(val, float):
@@ -84,7 +83,7 @@ def ensure_vector_query(
        return val
    if isinstance(sample, list):
        if len(sample) == 0:
-            raise ValueError("Vector query must be a non-empty list")
+            return ValueError("Vector query must be a non-empty list")
        if isinstance(sample[0], float):
            # val is list of list of floats
            return val
@@ -450,8 +449,8 @@ class Query(pydantic.BaseModel):
        ensure_vector_query,
    ] = None

-    # sql filter or type-safe Expr to refine the query with
-    filter: Optional[Union[str, Expr]] = None
+    # sql filter to refine the query with
+    filter: Optional[str] = None

    # if True then apply the filter after vector search
    postfilter: Optional[bool] = None
@@ -465,8 +464,8 @@ class Query(pydantic.BaseModel):
    # distance type to use for vector search
    distance_type: Optional[str] = None

-    # which columns to return in the results (dict values may be str or Expr)
-    columns: Optional[Union[List[str], Dict[str, Union[str, Expr]]]] = None
+    # which columns to return in the results
+    columns: Optional[Union[List[str], Dict[str, str]]] = None

    # minimum number of IVF partitions to search
    #
@@ -607,7 +606,6 @@ class LanceQueryBuilder(ABC):
                query,
                ordering_field_name=ordering_field_name,
                fts_columns=fts_columns,
-                fast_search=fast_search,
            )

        if isinstance(query, list):
@@ -857,15 +855,14 @@ class LanceQueryBuilder(ABC):
            self._offset = offset
        return self

-    def select(self, columns: Union[list[str], dict[str, Union[str, Expr]]]) -> Self:
+    def select(self, columns: Union[list[str], dict[str, str]]) -> Self:
        """Set the columns to return.

        Parameters
        ----------
-        columns: list of str, or dict of str to str or Expr
+        columns: list of str, or dict of str to str default None
            List of column names to be fetched.
-            Or a dictionary of column names to SQL expressions or
-            :class:`~lancedb.expr.Expr` objects.
+            Or a dictionary of column names to SQL expressions.
            All columns are fetched if None or unspecified.

        Returns
@@ -879,15 +876,15 @@ class LanceQueryBuilder(ABC):
            raise ValueError("columns must be a list or a dictionary")
        return self

-    def where(self, where: Union[str, Expr], prefilter: bool = True) -> Self:
+    def where(self, where: str, prefilter: bool = True) -> Self:
        """Set the where clause.

        Parameters
        ----------
-        where: str or :class:`~lancedb.expr.Expr`
-            The filter condition.  Can be a SQL string or a type-safe
-            :class:`~lancedb.expr.Expr` built with :func:`~lancedb.expr.col`
-            and :func:`~lancedb.expr.lit`.
+        where: str
+            The where clause which is a valid SQL where clause. See
+            `Lance filter pushdown <https://lance.org/guide/read_and_write#filter-push-down>`_
+            for valid SQL expressions.
        prefilter: bool, default True
            If True, apply the filter before vector search, otherwise the
            filter is applied on the result of vector search.
@@ -1357,17 +1354,15 @@ class LanceVectorQueryBuilder(LanceQueryBuilder):

        return result_set

-    def where(
-        self, where: Union[str, Expr], prefilter: bool = None
-    ) -> LanceVectorQueryBuilder:
+    def where(self, where: str, prefilter: bool = None) -> LanceVectorQueryBuilder:
        """Set the where clause.

        Parameters
        ----------
-        where: str or :class:`~lancedb.expr.Expr`
-            The filter condition.  Can be a SQL string or a type-safe
-            :class:`~lancedb.expr.Expr` built with :func:`~lancedb.expr.col`
-            and :func:`~lancedb.expr.lit`.
+        where: str
+            The where clause which is a valid SQL where clause. See
+            `Lance filter pushdown <https://lance.org/guide/read_and_write#filter-push-down>`_
+            for valid SQL expressions.
        prefilter: bool, default True
            If True, apply the filter before vector search, otherwise the
            filter is applied on the result of vector search.
@@ -1461,14 +1456,12 @@ class LanceFtsQueryBuilder(LanceQueryBuilder):
        query: str | FullTextQuery,
        ordering_field_name: Optional[str] = None,
        fts_columns: Optional[Union[str, List[str]]] = None,
-        fast_search: bool = None,
    ):
        super().__init__(table)
        self._query = query
        self._phrase_query = False
        self.ordering_field_name = ordering_field_name
        self._reranker = None
-        self._fast_search = fast_search
        if isinstance(fts_columns, str):
            fts_columns = [fts_columns]
        self._fts_columns = fts_columns
@@ -1490,19 +1483,6 @@ class LanceFtsQueryBuilder(LanceQueryBuilder):
        self._phrase_query = phrase_query
        return self

-    def fast_search(self) -> LanceFtsQueryBuilder:
-        """
-        Skip a flat search of unindexed data. This will improve
-        search performance but search results will not include unindexed data.
-
-        Returns
-        -------
-        LanceFtsQueryBuilder
-            The LanceFtsQueryBuilder object.
-        """
-        self._fast_search = True
-        return self
-
    def to_query_object(self) -> Query:
        return Query(
            columns=self._columns,
@@ -1514,7 +1494,6 @@ class LanceFtsQueryBuilder(LanceQueryBuilder):
                query=self._query, columns=self._fts_columns
            ),
            offset=self._offset,
-            fast_search=self._fast_search,
        )

    def output_schema(self) -> pa.Schema:
@@ -2209,8 +2188,8 @@ class LanceHybridQueryBuilder(LanceQueryBuilder):
            self._vector_query.select(self._columns)
            self._fts_query.select(self._columns)
        if self._where:
-            self._vector_query.where(self._where, not self._postfilter)
-            self._fts_query.where(self._where, not self._postfilter)
+            self._vector_query.where(self._where, self._postfilter)
+            self._fts_query.where(self._where, self._postfilter)
        if self._with_row_id:
            self._vector_query.with_row_id(True)
            self._fts_query.with_row_id(True)
@@ -2290,20 +2269,10 @@ class AsyncQueryBase(object):
        """
        if isinstance(columns, list) and all(isinstance(c, str) for c in columns):
            self._inner.select_columns(columns)
-        elif isinstance(columns, dict) and all(isinstance(k, str) for k in columns):
-            if any(isinstance(v, Expr) for v in columns.values()):
-                # At least one value is an Expr — use the type-safe path.
-                from .expr import _coerce
-
-                pairs = [(k, _coerce(v)._inner) for k, v in columns.items()]
-                self._inner.select_expr(pairs)
-            elif all(isinstance(v, str) for v in columns.values()):
-                self._inner.select(list(columns.items()))
-            else:
-                raise TypeError(
-                    "dict values must be str or Expr, got "
-                    + str({k: type(v) for k, v in columns.items()})
-                )
+        elif isinstance(columns, dict) and all(
+            isinstance(k, str) and isinstance(v, str) for k, v in columns.items()
+        ):
+            self._inner.select(list(columns.items()))
        else:
            raise TypeError("columns must be a list of column names or a dict")
        return self
@@ -2543,13 +2512,11 @@ class AsyncStandardQuery(AsyncQueryBase):
        """
        super().__init__(inner)

-    def where(self, predicate: Union[str, Expr]) -> Self:
+    def where(self, predicate: str) -> Self:
        """
        Only return rows matching the given predicate

-        The predicate can be a SQL string or a type-safe
-        :class:`~lancedb.expr.Expr` built with :func:`~lancedb.expr.col`
-        and :func:`~lancedb.expr.lit`.
+        The predicate should be supplied as an SQL query string.

        Examples
        --------
@@ -2561,10 +2528,7 @@ class AsyncStandardQuery(AsyncQueryBase):
        Filtering performance can often be improved by creating a scalar index
        on the filter column(s).
        """
-        if isinstance(predicate, Expr):
-            self._inner.where_expr(predicate._inner)
-        else:
-            self._inner.where(predicate)
+        self._inner.where(predicate)
        return self

    def limit(self, limit: int) -> Self:
--- a/python/python/lancedb/remote/db.py
+++ b/python/python/lancedb/remote/db.py
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ class RemoteDBConnection(DBConnection):
    @override
    def list_namespaces(
        self,
-        namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        page_token: Optional[str] = None,
        limit: Optional[int] = None,
    ) -> ListNamespacesResponse:
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ class RemoteDBConnection(DBConnection):

        Parameters
        ----------
-        namespace_path: List[str], optional
+        namespace: List[str], optional
            The parent namespace to list namespaces in.
            None or empty list represents root namespace.
        page_token: str, optional
@@ -133,18 +133,18 @@ class RemoteDBConnection(DBConnection):
        ListNamespacesResponse
            Response containing namespace names and optional page_token for pagination.
        """
-        if namespace_path is None:
-            namespace_path = []
+        if namespace is None:
+            namespace = []
        return LOOP.run(
            self._conn.list_namespaces(
-                namespace_path=namespace_path, page_token=page_token, limit=limit
+                namespace=namespace, page_token=page_token, limit=limit
            )
        )

    @override
    def create_namespace(
        self,
-        namespace_path: List[str],
+        namespace: List[str],
        mode: Optional[str] = None,
        properties: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None,
    ) -> CreateNamespaceResponse:
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ class RemoteDBConnection(DBConnection):

        Parameters
        ----------
-        namespace_path: List[str]
+        namespace: List[str]
            The namespace identifier to create.
        mode: str, optional
            Creation mode - "create" (fail if exists), "exist_ok" (skip if exists),
@@ -167,14 +167,14 @@ class RemoteDBConnection(DBConnection):
        """
        return LOOP.run(
            self._conn.create_namespace(
-                namespace_path=namespace_path, mode=mode, properties=properties
+                namespace=namespace, mode=mode, properties=properties
            )
        )

    @override
    def drop_namespace(
        self,
-        namespace_path: List[str],
+        namespace: List[str],
        mode: Optional[str] = None,
        behavior: Optional[str] = None,
    ) -> DropNamespaceResponse:
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ class RemoteDBConnection(DBConnection):

        Parameters
        ----------
-        namespace_path: List[str]
+        namespace: List[str]
            The namespace identifier to drop.
        mode: str, optional
            Whether to skip if not exists ("SKIP") or fail ("FAIL"). Case insensitive.
@@ -196,20 +196,16 @@ class RemoteDBConnection(DBConnection):
            Response containing properties and transaction_id if applicable.
        """
        return LOOP.run(
-            self._conn.drop_namespace(
-                namespace_path=namespace_path, mode=mode, behavior=behavior
-            )
+            self._conn.drop_namespace(namespace=namespace, mode=mode, behavior=behavior)
        )

    @override
-    def describe_namespace(
-        self, namespace_path: List[str]
-    ) -> DescribeNamespaceResponse:
+    def describe_namespace(self, namespace: List[str]) -> DescribeNamespaceResponse:
        """Describe a namespace.

        Parameters
        ----------
-        namespace_path: List[str]
+        namespace: List[str]
            The namespace identifier to describe.

        Returns
@@ -217,12 +213,12 @@ class RemoteDBConnection(DBConnection):
        DescribeNamespaceResponse
            Response containing the namespace properties.
        """
-        return LOOP.run(self._conn.describe_namespace(namespace_path=namespace_path))
+        return LOOP.run(self._conn.describe_namespace(namespace=namespace))

    @override
    def list_tables(
        self,
-        namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        page_token: Optional[str] = None,
        limit: Optional[int] = None,
    ) -> ListTablesResponse:
@@ -230,7 +226,7 @@ class RemoteDBConnection(DBConnection):

        Parameters
        ----------
-        namespace_path: List[str], optional
+        namespace: List[str], optional
            The namespace to list tables in.
            None or empty list represents root namespace.
        page_token: str, optional
@@ -244,11 +240,11 @@ class RemoteDBConnection(DBConnection):
        ListTablesResponse
            Response containing table names and optional page_token for pagination.
        """
-        if namespace_path is None:
-            namespace_path = []
+        if namespace is None:
+            namespace = []
        return LOOP.run(
            self._conn.list_tables(
-                namespace_path=namespace_path, page_token=page_token, limit=limit
+                namespace=namespace, page_token=page_token, limit=limit
            )
        )

@@ -258,7 +254,7 @@ class RemoteDBConnection(DBConnection):
        page_token: Optional[str] = None,
        limit: int = 10,
        *,
-        namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None,
    ) -> Iterable[str]:
        """List the names of all tables in the database.

@@ -267,7 +263,7 @@ class RemoteDBConnection(DBConnection):

        Parameters
        ----------
-        namespace_path: List[str], default []
+        namespace: List[str], default []
            The namespace to list tables in.
            Empty list represents root namespace.
        page_token: str
@@ -286,11 +282,11 @@ class RemoteDBConnection(DBConnection):
            DeprecationWarning,
            stacklevel=2,
        )
-        if namespace_path is None:
-            namespace_path = []
+        if namespace is None:
+            namespace = []
        return LOOP.run(
            self._conn.table_names(
-                namespace_path=namespace_path, start_after=page_token, limit=limit
+                namespace=namespace, start_after=page_token, limit=limit
            )
        )

@@ -299,7 +295,7 @@ class RemoteDBConnection(DBConnection):
        self,
        name: str,
        *,
-        namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        storage_options: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None,
        index_cache_size: Optional[int] = None,
    ) -> Table:
@@ -309,7 +305,7 @@ class RemoteDBConnection(DBConnection):
        ----------
        name: str
            The name of the table.
-        namespace_path: List[str], optional
+        namespace: List[str], optional
            The namespace to open the table from.
            None or empty list represents root namespace.

@@ -319,15 +315,15 @@ class RemoteDBConnection(DBConnection):
        """
        from .table import RemoteTable

-        if namespace_path is None:
-            namespace_path = []
+        if namespace is None:
+            namespace = []
        if index_cache_size is not None:
            logging.info(
                "index_cache_size is ignored in LanceDb Cloud"
                " (there is no local cache to configure)"
            )

-        table = LOOP.run(self._conn.open_table(name, namespace_path=namespace_path))
+        table = LOOP.run(self._conn.open_table(name, namespace=namespace))
        return RemoteTable(table, self.db_name)

    def clone_table(
@@ -335,7 +331,7 @@ class RemoteDBConnection(DBConnection):
        target_table_name: str,
        source_uri: str,
        *,
-        target_namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        target_namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        source_version: Optional[int] = None,
        source_tag: Optional[str] = None,
        is_shallow: bool = True,
@@ -348,7 +344,7 @@ class RemoteDBConnection(DBConnection):
            The name of the target table to create.
        source_uri: str
            The URI of the source table to clone from.
-        target_namespace_path: List[str], optional
+        target_namespace: List[str], optional
            The namespace for the target table.
            None or empty list represents root namespace.
        source_version: int, optional
@@ -365,13 +361,13 @@ class RemoteDBConnection(DBConnection):
        """
        from .table import RemoteTable

-        if target_namespace_path is None:
-            target_namespace_path = []
+        if target_namespace is None:
+            target_namespace = []
        table = LOOP.run(
            self._conn.clone_table(
                target_table_name,
                source_uri,
-                target_namespace_path=target_namespace_path,
+                target_namespace=target_namespace,
                source_version=source_version,
                source_tag=source_tag,
                is_shallow=is_shallow,
@@ -391,7 +387,7 @@ class RemoteDBConnection(DBConnection):
        exist_ok: bool = False,
        embedding_functions: Optional[List[EmbeddingFunctionConfig]] = None,
        *,
-        namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None,
    ) -> Table:
        """Create a [Table][lancedb.table.Table] in the database.

@@ -399,7 +395,7 @@ class RemoteDBConnection(DBConnection):
        ----------
        name: str
            The name of the table.
-        namespace_path: List[str], optional
+        namespace: List[str], optional
            The namespace to create the table in.
            None or empty list represents root namespace.
        data: The data to initialize the table, *optional*
@@ -499,8 +495,8 @@ class RemoteDBConnection(DBConnection):
                mode = "exist_ok"
            elif not mode:
                mode = "exist_ok"
-        if namespace_path is None:
-            namespace_path = []
+        if namespace is None:
+            namespace = []
        validate_table_name(name)
        if embedding_functions is not None:
            logging.warning(
@@ -515,7 +511,7 @@ class RemoteDBConnection(DBConnection):
            self._conn.create_table(
                name,
                data,
-                namespace_path=namespace_path,
+                namespace=namespace,
                mode=mode,
                schema=schema,
                on_bad_vectors=on_bad_vectors,
@@ -525,28 +521,28 @@ class RemoteDBConnection(DBConnection):
        return RemoteTable(table, self.db_name)

    @override
-    def drop_table(self, name: str, namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None):
+    def drop_table(self, name: str, namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None):
        """Drop a table from the database.

        Parameters
        ----------
        name: str
            The name of the table.
-        namespace_path: List[str], optional
+        namespace: List[str], optional
            The namespace to drop the table from.
            None or empty list represents root namespace.
        """
-        if namespace_path is None:
-            namespace_path = []
-        LOOP.run(self._conn.drop_table(name, namespace_path=namespace_path))
+        if namespace is None:
+            namespace = []
+        LOOP.run(self._conn.drop_table(name, namespace=namespace))

    @override
    def rename_table(
        self,
        cur_name: str,
        new_name: str,
-        cur_namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
-        new_namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        cur_namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        new_namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None,
    ):
        """Rename a table in the database.

@@ -557,19 +553,19 @@ class RemoteDBConnection(DBConnection):
        new_name: str
            The new name of the table.
        """
-        if cur_namespace_path is None:
-            cur_namespace_path = []
-        if new_namespace_path is None:
-            new_namespace_path = []
+        if cur_namespace is None:
+            cur_namespace = []
+        if new_namespace is None:
+            new_namespace = []
        LOOP.run(
            self._conn.rename_table(
                cur_name,
                new_name,
-                cur_namespace_path=cur_namespace_path,
-                new_namespace_path=new_namespace_path,
+                cur_namespace=cur_namespace,
+                new_namespace=new_namespace,
            )
        )

    async def close(self):
        """Close the connection to the database."""
-        self._conn.close()
+        self._client.close()
--- a/python/python/lancedb/remote/table.py
+++ b/python/python/lancedb/remote/table.py
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 from datetime import timedelta
 import logging
 from functools import cached_property
-from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, Iterable, List, Optional, Union, Literal
+from typing import Dict, Iterable, List, Optional, Union, Literal
 import warnings

 from lancedb._lancedb import (
@@ -35,7 +35,6 @@ import pyarrow as pa
 from lancedb.common import DATA, VEC, VECTOR_COLUMN_NAME
 from lancedb.merge import LanceMergeInsertBuilder
 from lancedb.embeddings import EmbeddingFunctionRegistry
-from lancedb.table import _normalize_progress

 from ..query import LanceVectorQueryBuilder, LanceQueryBuilder, LanceTakeQueryBuilder
 from ..table import AsyncTable, IndexStatistics, Query, Table, Tags
@@ -219,6 +218,8 @@ class RemoteTable(Table):
        train: bool = True,
    ):
        """Create an index on the table.
+        Currently, the only parameters that matter are
+        the metric and the vector column name.

        Parameters
        ----------
@@ -249,6 +250,11 @@ class RemoteTable(Table):
        >>> table.create_index("l2", "vector") # doctest: +SKIP
        """

+        if num_sub_vectors is not None:
+            logging.warning(
+                "num_sub_vectors is not supported on LanceDB cloud."
+                "This parameter will be tuned automatically."
+            )
        if accelerator is not None:
            logging.warning(
                "GPU accelerator is not yet supported on LanceDB cloud."
@@ -309,7 +315,6 @@ class RemoteTable(Table):
        mode: str = "append",
        on_bad_vectors: str = "error",
        fill_value: float = 0.0,
-        progress: Optional[Union[bool, Callable, Any]] = None,
    ) -> AddResult:
        """Add more data to the [Table](Table). It has the same API signature as
        the OSS version.
@@ -332,29 +337,17 @@ class RemoteTable(Table):
            One of "error", "drop", "fill".
        fill_value: float, default 0.
            The value to use when filling vectors. Only used if on_bad_vectors="fill".
-        progress: bool, callable, or tqdm-like, optional
-            A callback or tqdm-compatible progress bar. See
-            :meth:`Table.add` for details.

        Returns
        -------
        AddResult
            An object containing the new version number of the table after adding data.
        """
-        progress, owns = _normalize_progress(progress)
-        try:
-            return LOOP.run(
-                self._table.add(
-                    data,
-                    mode=mode,
-                    on_bad_vectors=on_bad_vectors,
-                    fill_value=fill_value,
-                    progress=progress,
-                )
+        return LOOP.run(
+            self._table.add(
+                data, mode=mode, on_bad_vectors=on_bad_vectors, fill_value=fill_value
            )
-        finally:
-            if owns:
-                progress.close()
+        )

    def search(
        self,
@@ -654,45 +647,6 @@ class RemoteTable(Table):
    def drop_index(self, index_name: str):
        return LOOP.run(self._table.drop_index(index_name))

-    def prewarm_index(self, name: str) -> None:
-        """Prewarm an index in the table.
-
-        This is a hint to the database that the index will be accessed in the
-        future and should be loaded into memory if possible.  This can reduce
-        cold-start latency for subsequent queries.
-
-        This call initiates prewarming and returns once the request is accepted.
-        It is idempotent and safe to call from multiple clients concurrently.
-
-        Parameters
-        ----------
-        name: str
-            The name of the index to prewarm
-        """
-        return LOOP.run(self._table.prewarm_index(name))
-
-    def prewarm_data(self, columns: Optional[List[str]] = None) -> None:
-        """Prewarm data for the table.
-
-        This is a hint to the database that the given columns will be accessed
-        in the future and the database should prefetch the data if possible.
-        Currently only supported on remote tables.
-
-        This call initiates prewarming and returns once the request is accepted.
-        It is idempotent and safe to call from multiple clients concurrently.
-
-        This operation has a large upfront cost but can speed up future queries
-        that need to fetch the given columns.  Large columns such as embeddings
-        or binary data may not be practical to prewarm.  This feature is intended
-        for workloads that issue many queries against the same columns.
-
-        Parameters
-        ----------
-        columns: list of str, optional
-            The columns to prewarm. If None, all columns are prewarmed.
-        """
-        return LOOP.run(self._table.prewarm_data(columns))
-
    def wait_for_index(
        self, index_names: Iterable[str], timeout: timedelta = timedelta(seconds=300)
    ):
--- a/python/python/lancedb/table.py
+++ b/python/python/lancedb/table.py
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ from functools import cached_property
 from typing import (
    TYPE_CHECKING,
    Any,
-    Callable,
    Dict,
    Iterable,
    List,
@@ -89,6 +88,7 @@ from .index import lang_mapping

 if TYPE_CHECKING:
    from .db import LanceDBConnection
+    from .io import StorageOptionsProvider
    from ._lancedb import (
        Table as LanceDBTable,
        OptimizeStats,
@@ -277,7 +277,7 @@ def _sanitize_data(

    if metadata:
        new_metadata = target_schema.metadata or {}
-        new_metadata.update(metadata)
+        new_metadata = new_metadata.update(metadata)
        target_schema = target_schema.with_metadata(new_metadata)

    _validate_schema(target_schema)
@@ -556,21 +556,6 @@ def _table_uri(base: str, table_name: str) -> str:
    return join_uri(base, f"{table_name}.lance")


-def _normalize_progress(progress):
-    """Normalize a ``progress`` parameter for :meth:`Table.add`.
-
-    Returns ``(progress_obj, owns)`` where *owns* is True when we created a
-    tqdm bar that the caller must close.
-    """
-    if progress is True:
-        from tqdm.auto import tqdm
-
-        return tqdm(unit=" rows"), True
-    if progress is False or progress is None:
-        return None, False
-    return progress, False
-
-
 class Table(ABC):
    """
    A Table is a collection of Records in a LanceDB Database.
@@ -989,7 +974,6 @@ class Table(ABC):
        mode: AddMode = "append",
        on_bad_vectors: OnBadVectorsType = "error",
        fill_value: float = 0.0,
-        progress: Optional[Union[bool, Callable, Any]] = None,
    ) -> AddResult:
        """Add more data to the [Table](Table).

@@ -1011,29 +995,6 @@ class Table(ABC):
            One of "error", "drop", "fill".
        fill_value: float, default 0.
            The value to use when filling vectors. Only used if on_bad_vectors="fill".
-        progress: bool, callable, or tqdm-like, optional
-            Progress reporting during the add operation. Can be:
-
-            - ``True`` to automatically create and display a tqdm progress
-              bar (requires ``tqdm`` to be installed)::
-
-                table.add(data, progress=True)
-
-            - A **callable** that receives a dict with keys ``output_rows``,
-              ``output_bytes``, ``total_rows``, ``elapsed_seconds``,
-              ``active_tasks``, ``total_tasks``, and ``done``::
-
-                def on_progress(p):
-                    print(f"{p['output_rows']}/{p['total_rows']} rows, "
-                          f"{p['active_tasks']}/{p['total_tasks']} workers")
-                table.add(data, progress=on_progress)
-
-            - A **tqdm-compatible** progress bar whose ``total`` and
-              ``update()`` will be called automatically. The postfix shows
-              write throughput (MB/s) and active worker count::
-
-                with tqdm() as pbar:
-                    table.add(data, progress=pbar)

        Returns
        -------
@@ -1370,7 +1331,7 @@ class Table(ABC):
        1  2  [3.0, 4.0]
        2  3  [5.0, 6.0]
        >>> table.delete("x = 2")
-        DeleteResult(num_deleted_rows=1, version=2)
+        DeleteResult(version=2)
        >>> table.to_pandas()
           x      vector
        0  1  [1.0, 2.0]
@@ -1384,7 +1345,7 @@ class Table(ABC):
        >>> to_remove
        '1, 5'
        >>> table.delete(f"x IN ({to_remove})")
-        DeleteResult(num_deleted_rows=1, version=3)
+        DeleteResult(version=3)
        >>> table.to_pandas()
           x      vector
        0  3  [5.0, 6.0]
@@ -1545,17 +1506,22 @@ class Table(ABC):
            in-progress operation (e.g. appending new data) and these files will not
            be deleted unless they are at least 7 days old. If delete_unverified is True
            then these files will be deleted regardless of their age.
-
-            .. warning::
-
-                This should only be set to True if you can guarantee that no other
-                process is currently working on this dataset. Otherwise the dataset
-                could be put into a corrupted state.
-
        retrain: bool, default False
            This parameter is no longer used and is deprecated.

-        The frequency an application should call optimize is based on the frequency of
+        Experimental API
+        ----------------
+
+        The optimization process is undergoing active development and may change.
+        Our goal with these changes is to improve the performance of optimization and
+        reduce the complexity.
+
+        That being said, it is essential today to run optimize if you want the best
+        performance.  It should be stable and safe to use in production, but it our
+        hope that the API may be simplified (or not even need to be called) in the
+        future.
+
+        The frequency an application shoudl call optimize is based on the frequency of
        data modifications.  If data is frequently added, deleted, or updated then
        optimize should be run frequently.  A good rule of thumb is to run optimize if
        you have added or modified 100,000 or more records or run more than 20 data
@@ -1775,34 +1741,29 @@ class LanceTable(Table):
        connection: "LanceDBConnection",
        name: str,
        *,
-        namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        storage_options: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None,
+        storage_options_provider: Optional["StorageOptionsProvider"] = None,
        index_cache_size: Optional[int] = None,
        location: Optional[str] = None,
-        namespace_client: Optional[Any] = None,
-        managed_versioning: Optional[bool] = None,
-        pushdown_operations: Optional[set] = None,
        _async: AsyncTable = None,
    ):
-        if namespace_path is None:
-            namespace_path = []
+        if namespace is None:
+            namespace = []
        self._conn = connection
-        self._namespace_path = namespace_path
+        self._namespace = namespace
        self._location = location  # Store location for use in _dataset_path
-        self._namespace_client = namespace_client
-        self._pushdown_operations = pushdown_operations or set()
        if _async is not None:
            self._table = _async
        else:
            self._table = LOOP.run(
                connection._conn.open_table(
                    name,
-                    namespace_path=namespace_path,
+                    namespace=namespace,
                    storage_options=storage_options,
+                    storage_options_provider=storage_options_provider,
                    index_cache_size=index_cache_size,
                    location=location,
-                    namespace_client=namespace_client,
-                    managed_versioning=managed_versioning,
                )
            )

@@ -1813,13 +1774,13 @@ class LanceTable(Table):
    @property
    def namespace(self) -> List[str]:
        """Return the namespace path of the table."""
-        return self._namespace_path
+        return self._namespace

    @property
    def id(self) -> str:
        """Return the full identifier of the table (namespace$name)."""
-        if self._namespace_path:
-            return "$".join(self._namespace_path + [self.name])
+        if self._namespace:
+            return "$".join(self._namespace + [self.name])
        return self.name

    @classmethod
@@ -1840,26 +1801,22 @@ class LanceTable(Table):
        db,
        name,
        *,
-        namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        storage_options: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None,
+        storage_options_provider: Optional["StorageOptionsProvider"] = None,
        index_cache_size: Optional[int] = None,
        location: Optional[str] = None,
-        namespace_client: Optional[Any] = None,
-        managed_versioning: Optional[bool] = None,
-        pushdown_operations: Optional[set] = None,
    ):
-        if namespace_path is None:
-            namespace_path = []
+        if namespace is None:
+            namespace = []
        tbl = cls(
            db,
            name,
-            namespace_path=namespace_path,
+            namespace=namespace,
            storage_options=storage_options,
+            storage_options_provider=storage_options_provider,
            index_cache_size=index_cache_size,
            location=location,
-            namespace_client=namespace_client,
-            managed_versioning=managed_versioning,
-            pushdown_operations=pushdown_operations,
        )

        # check the dataset exists
@@ -1891,16 +1848,6 @@ class LanceTable(Table):
                "Please install with `pip install pylance`."
            )

-        if self._namespace_client is not None:
-            table_id = self._namespace_path + [self.name]
-            return lance.dataset(
-                version=self.version,
-                storage_options=self._conn.storage_options,
-                namespace_client=self._namespace_client,
-                table_id=table_id,
-                **kwargs,
-            )
-
        return lance.dataset(
            self._dataset_path,
            version=self.version,
@@ -2253,18 +2200,12 @@ class LanceTable(Table):

    def prewarm_index(self, name: str) -> None:
        """
-        Prewarm an index in the table.
+        Prewarms an index in the table

-        This is a hint to the database that the index will be accessed in the
-        future and should be loaded into memory if possible.  This can reduce
-        cold-start latency for subsequent queries.
+        This loads the entire index into memory

-        This call initiates prewarming and returns once the request is accepted.
-        It is idempotent and safe to call from multiple clients concurrently.
-
-        It is generally wasteful to call this if the index does not fit into the
-        available cache.  Not all index types support prewarming; unsupported
-        indices will silently ignore the request.
+        If the index does not fit into the available cache this call
+        may be wasteful

        Parameters
        ----------
@@ -2273,29 +2214,6 @@ class LanceTable(Table):
        """
        return LOOP.run(self._table.prewarm_index(name))

-    def prewarm_data(self, columns: Optional[List[str]] = None) -> None:
-        """
-        Prewarm data for the table.
-
-        This is a hint to the database that the given columns will be accessed
-        in the future and the database should prefetch the data if possible.
-        Currently only supported on remote tables.
-
-        This call initiates prewarming and returns once the request is accepted.
-        It is idempotent and safe to call from multiple clients concurrently.
-
-        This operation has a large upfront cost but can speed up future queries
-        that need to fetch the given columns.  Large columns such as embeddings
-        or binary data may not be practical to prewarm.  This feature is intended
-        for workloads that issue many queries against the same columns.
-
-        Parameters
-        ----------
-        columns: list of str, optional
-            The columns to prewarm. If None, all columns are prewarmed.
-        """
-        return LOOP.run(self._table.prewarm_data(columns))
-
    def wait_for_index(
        self, index_names: Iterable[str], timeout: timedelta = timedelta(seconds=300)
    ) -> None:
@@ -2531,7 +2449,6 @@ class LanceTable(Table):
        mode: AddMode = "append",
        on_bad_vectors: OnBadVectorsType = "error",
        fill_value: float = 0.0,
-        progress: Optional[Union[bool, Callable, Any]] = None,
    ) -> AddResult:
        """Add data to the table.
        If vector columns are missing and the table
@@ -2550,29 +2467,17 @@ class LanceTable(Table):
            One of "error", "drop", "fill", "null".
        fill_value: float, default 0.
            The value to use when filling vectors. Only used if on_bad_vectors="fill".
-        progress: bool, callable, or tqdm-like, optional
-            A callback or tqdm-compatible progress bar. See
-            :meth:`Table.add` for details.

        Returns
        -------
        int
            The number of vectors in the table.
        """
-        progress, owns = _normalize_progress(progress)
-        try:
-            return LOOP.run(
-                self._table.add(
-                    data,
-                    mode=mode,
-                    on_bad_vectors=on_bad_vectors,
-                    fill_value=fill_value,
-                    progress=progress,
-                )
+        return LOOP.run(
+            self._table.add(
+                data, mode=mode, on_bad_vectors=on_bad_vectors, fill_value=fill_value
            )
-        finally:
-            if owns:
-                progress.close()
+        )

    def merge(
        self,
@@ -2802,13 +2707,12 @@ class LanceTable(Table):
        fill_value: float = 0.0,
        embedding_functions: Optional[List[EmbeddingFunctionConfig]] = None,
        *,
-        namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        namespace: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        storage_options: Optional[Dict[str, str | bool]] = None,
+        storage_options_provider: Optional["StorageOptionsProvider"] = None,
        data_storage_version: Optional[str] = None,
        enable_v2_manifest_paths: Optional[bool] = None,
        location: Optional[str] = None,
-        namespace_client: Optional[Any] = None,
-        pushdown_operations: Optional[set] = None,
    ):
        """
        Create a new table.
@@ -2863,14 +2767,12 @@ class LanceTable(Table):
            Deprecated.  Set `storage_options` when connecting to the database and set
            `new_table_enable_v2_manifest_paths` in the options.
        """
-        if namespace_path is None:
-            namespace_path = []
+        if namespace is None:
+            namespace = []
        self = cls.__new__(cls)
        self._conn = db
-        self._namespace_path = namespace_path
+        self._namespace = namespace
        self._location = location
-        self._namespace_client = namespace_client
-        self._pushdown_operations = pushdown_operations or set()

        if data_storage_version is not None:
            warnings.warn(
@@ -2903,8 +2805,9 @@ class LanceTable(Table):
                on_bad_vectors=on_bad_vectors,
                fill_value=fill_value,
                embedding_functions=embedding_functions,
-                namespace_path=namespace_path,
+                namespace=namespace,
                storage_options=storage_options,
+                storage_options_provider=storage_options_provider,
                location=location,
            )
        )
@@ -2973,15 +2876,6 @@ class LanceTable(Table):
        batch_size: Optional[int] = None,
        timeout: Optional[timedelta] = None,
    ) -> pa.RecordBatchReader:
-        if (
-            "QueryTable" in self._pushdown_operations
-            and self._namespace_client is not None
-        ):
-            from lancedb.namespace import _execute_server_side_query
-
-            table_id = self._namespace_path + [self.name]
-            return _execute_server_side_query(self._namespace_client, table_id, query)
-
        async_iter = LOOP.run(
            self._table._execute_query(query, batch_size=batch_size, timeout=timeout)
        )
@@ -3103,17 +2997,22 @@ class LanceTable(Table):
            in-progress operation (e.g. appending new data) and these files will not
            be deleted unless they are at least 7 days old. If delete_unverified is True
            then these files will be deleted regardless of their age.
-
-            .. warning::
-
-                This should only be set to True if you can guarantee that no other
-                process is currently working on this dataset. Otherwise the dataset
-                could be put into a corrupted state.
-
        retrain: bool, default False
            This parameter is no longer used and is deprecated.

-        The frequency an application should call optimize is based on the frequency of
+        Experimental API
+        ----------------
+
+        The optimization process is undergoing active development and may change.
+        Our goal with these changes is to improve the performance of optimization and
+        reduce the complexity.
+
+        That being said, it is essential today to run optimize if you want the best
+        performance.  It should be stable and safe to use in production, but it our
+        hope that the API may be simplified (or not even need to be called) in the
+        future.
+
+        The frequency an application shoudl call optimize is based on the frequency of
        data modifications.  If data is frequently added, deleted, or updated then
        optimize should be run frequently.  A good rule of thumb is to run optimize if
        you have added or modified 100,000 or more records or run more than 20 data
@@ -3714,47 +3613,19 @@ class AsyncTable:
        """
        Prewarm an index in the table.

-        This is a hint to the database that the index will be accessed in the
-        future and should be loaded into memory if possible.  This can reduce
-        cold-start latency for subsequent queries.
-
-        This call initiates prewarming and returns once the request is accepted.
-        It is idempotent and safe to call from multiple clients concurrently.
-
-        It is generally wasteful to call this if the index does not fit into the
-        available cache.  Not all index types support prewarming; unsupported
-        indices will silently ignore the request.
-
        Parameters
        ----------
        name: str
            The name of the index to prewarm
+
+        Notes
+        -----
+        This will load the index into memory.  This may reduce the cold-start time for
+        future queries.  If the index does not fit in the cache then this call may be
+        wasteful.
        """
        await self._inner.prewarm_index(name)

-    async def prewarm_data(self, columns: Optional[List[str]] = None) -> None:
-        """
-        Prewarm data for the table.
-
-        This is a hint to the database that the given columns will be accessed
-        in the future and the database should prefetch the data if possible.
-        Currently only supported on remote tables.
-
-        This call initiates prewarming and returns once the request is accepted.
-        It is idempotent and safe to call from multiple clients concurrently.
-
-        This operation has a large upfront cost but can speed up future queries
-        that need to fetch the given columns.  Large columns such as embeddings
-        or binary data may not be practical to prewarm.  This feature is intended
-        for workloads that issue many queries against the same columns.
-
-        Parameters
-        ----------
-        columns: list of str, optional
-            The columns to prewarm. If None, all columns are prewarmed.
-        """
-        await self._inner.prewarm_data(columns)
-
    async def wait_for_index(
        self, index_names: Iterable[str], timeout: timedelta = timedelta(seconds=300)
    ) -> None:
@@ -3830,7 +3701,6 @@ class AsyncTable:
        mode: Optional[Literal["append", "overwrite"]] = "append",
        on_bad_vectors: Optional[OnBadVectorsType] = None,
        fill_value: Optional[float] = None,
-        progress: Optional[Union[bool, Callable, Any]] = None,
    ) -> AddResult:
        """Add more data to the [Table](Table).

@@ -3852,9 +3722,6 @@ class AsyncTable:
            One of "error", "drop", "fill", "null".
        fill_value: float, default 0.
            The value to use when filling vectors. Only used if on_bad_vectors="fill".
-        progress: callable or tqdm-like, optional
-            A callback or tqdm-compatible progress bar. See
-            :meth:`Table.add` for details.

        """
        schema = await self.schema()
@@ -3865,13 +3732,7 @@ class AsyncTable:

        # _santitize_data is an old code path, but we will use it until the
        # new code path is ready.
-        if mode == "overwrite":
-            # For overwrite, apply the same preprocessing as create_table
-            # so vector columns are inferred as FixedSizeList.
-            data, _ = sanitize_create_table(
-                data, None, on_bad_vectors=on_bad_vectors, fill_value=fill_value
-            )
-        elif on_bad_vectors != "error" or (
+        if on_bad_vectors != "error" or (
            schema.metadata is not None and b"embedding_functions" in schema.metadata
        ):
            data = _sanitize_data(
@@ -3884,9 +3745,8 @@ class AsyncTable:
            )
        _register_optional_converters()
        data = to_scannable(data)
-        progress, owns = _normalize_progress(progress)
        try:
-            return await self._inner.add(data, mode or "append", progress=progress)
+            return await self._inner.add(data, mode or "append")
        except RuntimeError as e:
            if "Cast error" in str(e):
                raise ValueError(e)
@@ -3894,9 +3754,6 @@ class AsyncTable:
                raise ValueError(e)
            else:
                raise
-        finally:
-            if owns:
-                progress.close()

    def merge_insert(self, on: Union[str, Iterable[str]]) -> LanceMergeInsertBuilder:
        """
@@ -4219,7 +4076,7 @@ class AsyncTable:
            async_query = async_query.offset(query.offset)
        if query.columns:
            async_query = async_query.select(query.columns)
-        if query.filter is not None:
+        if query.filter:
            async_query = async_query.where(query.filter)
        if query.fast_search:
            async_query = async_query.fast_search()
@@ -4358,7 +4215,7 @@ class AsyncTable:
        1  2  [3.0, 4.0]
        2  3  [5.0, 6.0]
        >>> table.delete("x = 2")
-        DeleteResult(num_deleted_rows=1, version=2)
+        DeleteResult(version=2)
        >>> table.to_pandas()
           x      vector
        0  1  [1.0, 2.0]
@@ -4372,7 +4229,7 @@ class AsyncTable:
        >>> to_remove
        '1, 5'
        >>> table.delete(f"x IN ({to_remove})")
-        DeleteResult(num_deleted_rows=1, version=3)
+        DeleteResult(version=3)
        >>> table.to_pandas()
           x      vector
        0  3  [5.0, 6.0]
@@ -4695,17 +4552,22 @@ class AsyncTable:
            in-progress operation (e.g. appending new data) and these files will not
            be deleted unless they are at least 7 days old. If delete_unverified is True
            then these files will be deleted regardless of their age.
-
-            .. warning::
-
-                This should only be set to True if you can guarantee that no other
-                process is currently working on this dataset. Otherwise the dataset
-                could be put into a corrupted state.
-
        retrain: bool, default False
            This parameter is no longer used and is deprecated.

-        The frequency an application should call optimize is based on the frequency of
+        Experimental API
+        ----------------
+
+        The optimization process is undergoing active development and may change.
+        Our goal with these changes is to improve the performance of optimization and
+        reduce the complexity.
+
+        That being said, it is essential today to run optimize if you want the best
+        performance.  It should be stable and safe to use in production, but it our
+        hope that the API may be simplified (or not even need to be called) in the
+        future.
+
+        The frequency an application shoudl call optimize is based on the frequency of
        data modifications.  If data is frequently added, deleted, or updated then
        optimize should be run frequently.  A good rule of thumb is to run optimize if
        you have added or modified 100,000 or more records or run more than 20 data
@@ -4826,16 +4688,7 @@ class IndexStatistics:
    num_indexed_rows: int
    num_unindexed_rows: int
    index_type: Literal[
-        "IVF_FLAT",
-        "IVF_SQ",
-        "IVF_PQ",
-        "IVF_RQ",
-        "IVF_HNSW_SQ",
-        "IVF_HNSW_PQ",
-        "FTS",
-        "BTREE",
-        "BITMAP",
-        "LABEL_LIST",
+        "IVF_PQ", "IVF_HNSW_PQ", "IVF_HNSW_SQ", "FTS", "BTREE", "BITMAP", "LABEL_LIST"
    ]
    distance_type: Optional[Literal["l2", "cosine", "dot"]] = None
    num_indices: Optional[int] = None
--- a/python/python/lancedb/util.py
+++ b/python/python/lancedb/util.py
@@ -324,16 +324,6 @@ def _(value: list):
    return "[" + ", ".join(map(value_to_sql, value)) + "]"


-@value_to_sql.register(dict)
-def _(value: dict):
-    # https://datafusion.apache.org/user-guide/sql/scalar_functions.html#named-struct
-    return (
-        "named_struct("
-        + ", ".join(f"'{k}', {value_to_sql(v)}" for k, v in value.items())
-        + ")"
-    )
-
-
@value_to_sql.register(np.ndarray)
 def _(value: np.ndarray):
    return value_to_sql(value.tolist())
--- a/python/python/tests/test_db.py
+++ b/python/python/tests/test_db.py
@@ -183,8 +183,8 @@ def test_table_names(tmp_db: lancedb.DBConnection):
    result = list(tmp_db.table_names("test2", limit=2))
    assert result == ["test3"], f"Expected ['test3'], got {result}"

-    # Test that namespace_path parameter can be passed as keyword
-    result = list(tmp_db.table_names(namespace_path=[]))
+    # Test that namespace parameter can be passed as keyword
+    result = list(tmp_db.table_names(namespace=[]))
    assert len(result) == 3


@@ -909,7 +909,7 @@ def test_local_namespace_operations(tmp_path):
        NotImplementedError,
        match="Namespace operations are not supported for listing database",
    ):
-        db.list_namespaces(namespace_path=["test"])
+        db.list_namespaces(namespace=["test"])


 def test_local_create_namespace_not_supported(tmp_path):
--- a/python/python/tests/test_embeddings.py
+++ b/python/python/tests/test_embeddings.py
@@ -546,24 +546,3 @@ def test_openai_no_retry_on_401(mock_sleep):
    assert mock_func.call_count == 1
    # Verify that sleep was never called (no retries)
    assert mock_sleep.call_count == 0
-
-
-def test_url_retrieve_downloads_image():
-    """
-    Embedding functions like open-clip, siglip, and jinaai use url_retrieve()
-    to download images from HTTP URLs. For example, open_clip._to_pil() calls:
-
-        PIL_Image.open(io.BytesIO(url_retrieve(image)))
-
-    Verify that url_retrieve() can download an image and open it as PIL Image,
-    matching the real usage pattern in embedding functions.
-    """
-    import io
-
-    Image = pytest.importorskip("PIL.Image")
-    from lancedb.embeddings.utils import url_retrieve
-
-    image_url = "http://farm1.staticflickr.com/53/167798175_7c7845bbbd_z.jpg"
-    image_bytes = url_retrieve(image_url)
-    img = Image.open(io.BytesIO(image_bytes))
-    assert img.size[0] > 0 and img.size[1] > 0
--- a/python/python/tests/test_fts.py
+++ b/python/python/tests/test_fts.py
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@ from lancedb.query import (
    PhraseQuery,
    BooleanQuery,
    Occur,
-    LanceFtsQueryBuilder,
 )
 import numpy as np
 import pyarrow as pa
@@ -883,109 +882,3 @@ def test_fts_query_to_json():
        '"must_not":[]}}'
    )
    assert json_str == expected
-
-
-def test_fts_fast_search(table):
-    table.create_fts_index("text", use_tantivy=False)
-
-    # Insert some unindexed data
-    table.add(
-        [
-            {
-                "text": "xyz",
-                "vector": [0 for _ in range(128)],
-                "id": 101,
-                "text2": "xyz",
-                "nested": {"text": "xyz"},
-                "count": 10,
-            }
-        ]
-    )
-
-    # Without fast_search, the query object should not have fast_search set
-    builder = table.search("xyz", query_type="fts").limit(10)
-    query = builder.to_query_object()
-    assert query.fast_search is None
-
-    # With fast_search, the query object should have fast_search=True
-    builder = table.search("xyz", query_type="fts").fast_search().limit(10)
-    query = builder.to_query_object()
-    assert query.fast_search is True
-
-    # fast_search should be chainable with other methods
-    builder = (
-        table.search("xyz", query_type="fts").fast_search().select(["text"]).limit(5)
-    )
-    query = builder.to_query_object()
-    assert query.fast_search is True
-    assert query.limit == 5
-    assert query.columns == ["text"]
-
-    # fast_search should be enabled by keyword argument too
-    query = LanceFtsQueryBuilder(table, "xyz", fast_search=True).to_query_object()
-    assert query.fast_search is True
-
-    # Verify it executes without error and skips unindexed data
-    results = table.search("xyz", query_type="fts").fast_search().limit(5).to_list()
-    assert len(results) == 0
-
-    # Update index and verify it returns results
-    table.optimize()
-    results = table.search("xyz", query_type="fts").fast_search().limit(5).to_list()
-    assert len(results) > 0
-
-
-@pytest.mark.asyncio
-async def test_fts_fast_search_async(async_table):
-    await async_table.create_index("text", config=FTS())
-
-    # Insert some unindexed data
-    await async_table.add(
-        [
-            {
-                "text": "xyz",
-                "vector": [0 for _ in range(128)],
-                "id": 101,
-                "text2": "xyz",
-                "nested": {"text": "xyz"},
-                "count": 10,
-            }
-        ]
-    )
-
-    # Without fast_search, should return results
-    results = await async_table.query().nearest_to_text("xyz").limit(5).to_list()
-    assert len(results) > 0
-
-    # With fast_search, should return no results data unindexed
-    fast_results = (
-        await async_table.query()
-        .nearest_to_text("xyz")
-        .fast_search()
-        .limit(5)
-        .to_list()
-    )
-    assert len(fast_results) == 0
-
-    # Update index and verify it returns results
-    await async_table.optimize()
-
-    fast_results = (
-        await async_table.query()
-        .nearest_to_text("xyz")
-        .fast_search()
-        .limit(5)
-        .to_list()
-    )
-    assert len(fast_results) > 0
-
-    # fast_search should be chainable with other methods
-    results = (
-        await async_table.query()
-        .nearest_to_text("xyz")
-        .fast_search()
-        .select(["text"])
-        .limit(5)
-        .to_list()
-    )
-    assert len(results) > 0
--- a/python/python/tests/test_hybrid_query.py
+++ b/python/python/tests/test_hybrid_query.py
@@ -177,60 +177,6 @@ async def test_analyze_plan(table: AsyncTable):
    assert "metrics=" in res


-@pytest.fixture
-def table_with_id(tmpdir_factory) -> Table:
-    tmp_path = str(tmpdir_factory.mktemp("data"))
-    db = lancedb.connect(tmp_path)
-    data = pa.table(
-        {
-            "id": pa.array([1, 2, 3, 4], type=pa.int64()),
-            "text": pa.array(["a", "b", "cat", "dog"]),
-            "vector": pa.array(
-                [[0.1, 0.1], [2, 2], [-0.1, -0.1], [0.5, -0.5]],
-                type=pa.list_(pa.float32(), list_size=2),
-            ),
-        }
-    )
-    table = db.create_table("test_with_id", data)
-    table.create_fts_index("text", with_position=False, use_tantivy=False)
-    return table
-
-
-def test_hybrid_prefilter_explain_plan(table_with_id: Table):
-    """
-    Verify that the prefilter logic is not inverted in LanceHybridQueryBuilder.
-    """
-    plan_prefilter = (
-        table_with_id.search(query_type="hybrid")
-        .vector([0.0, 0.0])
-        .text("dog")
-        .where("id = 1", prefilter=True)
-        .limit(2)
-        .explain_plan(verbose=True)
-    )
-
-    plan_postfilter = (
-        table_with_id.search(query_type="hybrid")
-        .vector([0.0, 0.0])
-        .text("dog")
-        .where("id = 1", prefilter=False)
-        .limit(2)
-        .explain_plan(verbose=True)
-    )
-
-    # prefilter=True: filter is pushed into the LanceRead scan.
-    # The FTS sub-plan exposes this as "full_filter=id = Int64(1)" inside LanceRead.
-    assert "full_filter=id = Int64(1)" in plan_prefilter, (
-        f"Should push the filter into the scan.\nPlan:\n{plan_prefilter}"
-    )
-
-    # prefilter=False: filter is applied as a separate FilterExec after the search.
-    # The filter must NOT be embedded in the scan.
-    assert "full_filter=id = Int64(1)" not in plan_postfilter, (
-        f"Should NOT push the filter into the scan.\nPlan:\n{plan_postfilter}"
-    )
-
-
 def test_normalize_scores():
    cases = [
        (pa.array([0.1, 0.4]), pa.array([0.0, 1.0])),
--- a/python/python/tests/test_index.py
+++ b/python/python/tests/test_index.py
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@

 from datetime import timedelta
 import random
-from typing import get_args, get_type_hints

 import pyarrow as pa
 import pytest
@@ -23,7 +22,6 @@ from lancedb.index import (
    HnswSq,
    FTS,
 )
-from lancedb.table import IndexStatistics


@pytest_asyncio.fixture
@@ -285,23 +283,3 @@ async def test_create_index_with_binary_vectors(binary_table: AsyncTable):
    for v in range(256):
        res = await binary_table.query().nearest_to([v] * 128).to_arrow()
        assert res["id"][0].as_py() == v
-
-
-def test_index_statistics_index_type_lists_all_supported_values():
-    expected_index_types = {
-        "IVF_FLAT",
-        "IVF_SQ",
-        "IVF_PQ",
-        "IVF_RQ",
-        "IVF_HNSW_SQ",
-        "IVF_HNSW_PQ",
-        "FTS",
-        "BTREE",
-        "BITMAP",
-        "LABEL_LIST",
-    }
-
-    assert (
-        set(get_args(get_type_hints(IndexStatistics)["index_type"]))
-        == expected_index_types
-    )
--- a/python/python/tests/test_namespace.py
+++ b/python/python/tests/test_namespace.py
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ import shutil
 import pytest
 import pyarrow as pa
 import lancedb
-from lance_namespace.errors import NamespaceNotEmptyError, TableNotFoundError


 class TestNamespaceConnection:
@@ -33,16 +32,6 @@ class TestNamespaceConnection:
        # Initially no tables in root
        assert len(list(db.table_names())) == 0

-    def test_connect_via_connect_helper(self):
-        """Connecting via lancedb.connect should delegate to namespace connection."""
-        db = lancedb.connect(
-            namespace_client_impl="dir",
-            namespace_client_properties={"root": self.temp_dir},
-        )
-
-        assert isinstance(db, lancedb.LanceNamespaceDBConnection)
-        assert len(list(db.table_names())) == 0
-
    def test_create_table_through_namespace(self):
        """Test creating a table through namespace."""
        db = lancedb.connect_namespace("dir", {"root": self.temp_dir})
@@ -60,14 +49,14 @@ class TestNamespaceConnection:
        )

        # Create empty table in child namespace
-        table = db.create_table("test_table", schema=schema, namespace_path=["test_ns"])
+        table = db.create_table("test_table", schema=schema, namespace=["test_ns"])
        assert table is not None
        assert table.name == "test_table"
        assert table.namespace == ["test_ns"]
        assert table.id == "test_ns$test_table"

        # Table should appear in child namespace
-        table_names = list(db.table_names(namespace_path=["test_ns"]))
+        table_names = list(db.table_names(namespace=["test_ns"]))
        assert "test_table" in table_names
        assert len(table_names) == 1

@@ -90,10 +79,10 @@ class TestNamespaceConnection:
                pa.field("vector", pa.list_(pa.float32(), 2)),
            ]
        )
-        db.create_table("test_table", schema=schema, namespace_path=["test_ns"])
+        db.create_table("test_table", schema=schema, namespace=["test_ns"])

        # Open the table
-        table = db.open_table("test_table", namespace_path=["test_ns"])
+        table = db.open_table("test_table", namespace=["test_ns"])
        assert table is not None
        assert table.name == "test_table"
        assert table.namespace == ["test_ns"]
@@ -118,31 +107,31 @@ class TestNamespaceConnection:
                pa.field("vector", pa.list_(pa.float32(), 2)),
            ]
        )
-        db.create_table("table1", schema=schema, namespace_path=["test_ns"])
-        db.create_table("table2", schema=schema, namespace_path=["test_ns"])
+        db.create_table("table1", schema=schema, namespace=["test_ns"])
+        db.create_table("table2", schema=schema, namespace=["test_ns"])

        # Verify both tables exist in child namespace
-        table_names = list(db.table_names(namespace_path=["test_ns"]))
+        table_names = list(db.table_names(namespace=["test_ns"]))
        assert "table1" in table_names
        assert "table2" in table_names
        assert len(table_names) == 2

        # Drop one table
-        db.drop_table("table1", namespace_path=["test_ns"])
+        db.drop_table("table1", namespace=["test_ns"])

        # Verify only table2 remains
-        table_names = list(db.table_names(namespace_path=["test_ns"]))
+        table_names = list(db.table_names(namespace=["test_ns"]))
        assert "table1" not in table_names
        assert "table2" in table_names
        assert len(table_names) == 1

        # Drop the second table
-        db.drop_table("table2", namespace_path=["test_ns"])
-        assert len(list(db.table_names(namespace_path=["test_ns"]))) == 0
+        db.drop_table("table2", namespace=["test_ns"])
+        assert len(list(db.table_names(namespace=["test_ns"]))) == 0

        # Should not be able to open dropped table
-        with pytest.raises(TableNotFoundError):
-            db.open_table("table1", namespace_path=["test_ns"])
+        with pytest.raises(RuntimeError):
+            db.open_table("table1", namespace=["test_ns"])

    def test_create_table_with_schema(self):
        """Test creating a table with explicit schema through namespace."""
@@ -161,7 +150,7 @@ class TestNamespaceConnection:
        )

        # Create table with schema in child namespace
-        table = db.create_table("test_table", schema=schema, namespace_path=["test_ns"])
+        table = db.create_table("test_table", schema=schema, namespace=["test_ns"])
        assert table is not None
        assert table.namespace == ["test_ns"]

@@ -185,7 +174,7 @@ class TestNamespaceConnection:
                pa.field("vector", pa.list_(pa.float32(), 2)),
            ]
        )
-        db.create_table("old_name", schema=schema, namespace_path=["test_ns"])
+        db.create_table("old_name", schema=schema, namespace=["test_ns"])

        # Rename should raise NotImplementedError
        with pytest.raises(NotImplementedError, match="rename_table is not supported"):
@@ -206,20 +195,20 @@ class TestNamespaceConnection:
            ]
        )
        for i in range(3):
-            db.create_table(f"table{i}", schema=schema, namespace_path=["test_ns"])
+            db.create_table(f"table{i}", schema=schema, namespace=["test_ns"])

        # Verify tables exist in child namespace
-        assert len(list(db.table_names(namespace_path=["test_ns"]))) == 3
+        assert len(list(db.table_names(namespace=["test_ns"]))) == 3

        # Drop all tables in child namespace
-        db.drop_all_tables(namespace_path=["test_ns"])
+        db.drop_all_tables(namespace=["test_ns"])

        # Verify all tables are gone from child namespace
-        assert len(list(db.table_names(namespace_path=["test_ns"]))) == 0
+        assert len(list(db.table_names(namespace=["test_ns"]))) == 0

        # Test that table_names works with keyword-only namespace parameter
-        db.create_table("test_table", schema=schema, namespace_path=["test_ns"])
-        result = list(db.table_names(namespace_path=["test_ns"]))
+        db.create_table("test_table", schema=schema, namespace=["test_ns"])
+        result = list(db.table_names(namespace=["test_ns"]))
        assert "test_table" in result

    def test_table_operations(self):
@@ -237,7 +226,7 @@ class TestNamespaceConnection:
                pa.field("text", pa.string()),
            ]
        )
-        table = db.create_table("test_table", schema=schema, namespace_path=["test_ns"])
+        table = db.create_table("test_table", schema=schema, namespace=["test_ns"])

        # Verify empty table was created
        result = table.to_pandas()
@@ -308,25 +297,25 @@ class TestNamespaceConnection:
            ]
        )
        table = db.create_table(
-            "test_table", schema=schema, namespace_path=["test_namespace"]
+            "test_table", schema=schema, namespace=["test_namespace"]
        )
        assert table is not None

        # Verify table exists in namespace
-        tables_in_namespace = list(db.table_names(namespace_path=["test_namespace"]))
+        tables_in_namespace = list(db.table_names(namespace=["test_namespace"]))
        assert "test_table" in tables_in_namespace
        assert len(tables_in_namespace) == 1

        # Open table from namespace
-        table = db.open_table("test_table", namespace_path=["test_namespace"])
+        table = db.open_table("test_table", namespace=["test_namespace"])
        assert table is not None
        assert table.name == "test_table"

        # Drop table from namespace
-        db.drop_table("test_table", namespace_path=["test_namespace"])
+        db.drop_table("test_table", namespace=["test_namespace"])

        # Verify table no longer exists in namespace
-        tables_in_namespace = list(db.table_names(namespace_path=["test_namespace"]))
+        tables_in_namespace = list(db.table_names(namespace=["test_namespace"]))
        assert len(tables_in_namespace) == 0

        # Drop namespace
@@ -348,14 +337,14 @@ class TestNamespaceConnection:
                pa.field("vector", pa.list_(pa.float32(), 2)),
            ]
        )
-        db.create_table("test_table", schema=schema, namespace_path=["test_namespace"])
+        db.create_table("test_table", schema=schema, namespace=["test_namespace"])

        # Try to drop namespace with tables - should fail
-        with pytest.raises(NamespaceNotEmptyError):
+        with pytest.raises(RuntimeError, match="is not empty"):
            db.drop_namespace(["test_namespace"])

        # Drop table first
-        db.drop_table("test_table", namespace_path=["test_namespace"])
+        db.drop_table("test_table", namespace=["test_namespace"])

        # Now dropping namespace should work
        db.drop_namespace(["test_namespace"])
@@ -378,10 +367,10 @@ class TestNamespaceConnection:

        # Create table with same name in both namespaces
        table_a = db.create_table(
-            "same_name_table", schema=schema, namespace_path=["namespace_a"]
+            "same_name_table", schema=schema, namespace=["namespace_a"]
        )
        table_b = db.create_table(
-            "same_name_table", schema=schema, namespace_path=["namespace_b"]
+            "same_name_table", schema=schema, namespace=["namespace_b"]
        )

        # Add different data to each table
@@ -399,9 +388,7 @@ class TestNamespaceConnection:
        table_b.add(data_b)

        # Verify data in namespace_a table
-        opened_table_a = db.open_table(
-            "same_name_table", namespace_path=["namespace_a"]
-        )
+        opened_table_a = db.open_table("same_name_table", namespace=["namespace_a"])
        result_a = opened_table_a.to_pandas().sort_values("id").reset_index(drop=True)
        assert len(result_a) == 2
        assert result_a["id"].tolist() == [1, 2]
@@ -412,9 +399,7 @@ class TestNamespaceConnection:
        assert [v.tolist() for v in result_a["vector"]] == [[1.0, 2.0], [3.0, 4.0]]

        # Verify data in namespace_b table
-        opened_table_b = db.open_table(
-            "same_name_table", namespace_path=["namespace_b"]
-        )
+        opened_table_b = db.open_table("same_name_table", namespace=["namespace_b"])
        result_b = opened_table_b.to_pandas().sort_values("id").reset_index(drop=True)
        assert len(result_b) == 3
        assert result_b["id"].tolist() == [10, 20, 30]
@@ -434,8 +419,8 @@ class TestNamespaceConnection:
        assert "same_name_table" not in root_tables

        # Clean up
-        db.drop_table("same_name_table", namespace_path=["namespace_a"])
-        db.drop_table("same_name_table", namespace_path=["namespace_b"])
+        db.drop_table("same_name_table", namespace=["namespace_a"])
+        db.drop_table("same_name_table", namespace=["namespace_b"])
        db.drop_namespace(["namespace_a"])
        db.drop_namespace(["namespace_b"])

@@ -463,8 +448,6 @@ class TestAsyncNamespaceConnection:
        table_names = await db.table_names()
        assert len(list(table_names)) == 0

-    # Async connect via namespace helper is not enabled yet.
-
    async def test_create_table_async(self):
        """Test creating a table asynchronously through namespace."""
        db = lancedb.connect_namespace_async("dir", {"root": self.temp_dir})
@@ -483,13 +466,13 @@ class TestAsyncNamespaceConnection:

        # Create empty table in child namespace
        table = await db.create_table(
-            "test_table", schema=schema, namespace_path=["test_ns"]
+            "test_table", schema=schema, namespace=["test_ns"]
        )
        assert table is not None
        assert isinstance(table, lancedb.AsyncTable)

        # Table should appear in child namespace
-        table_names = await db.table_names(namespace_path=["test_ns"])
+        table_names = await db.table_names(namespace=["test_ns"])
        assert "test_table" in list(table_names)

    async def test_open_table_async(self):
@@ -506,10 +489,10 @@ class TestAsyncNamespaceConnection:
                pa.field("vector", pa.list_(pa.float32(), 2)),
            ]
        )
-        await db.create_table("test_table", schema=schema, namespace_path=["test_ns"])
+        await db.create_table("test_table", schema=schema, namespace=["test_ns"])

        # Open the table
-        table = await db.open_table("test_table", namespace_path=["test_ns"])
+        table = await db.open_table("test_table", namespace=["test_ns"])
        assert table is not None
        assert isinstance(table, lancedb.AsyncTable)

@@ -563,20 +546,20 @@ class TestAsyncNamespaceConnection:
                pa.field("vector", pa.list_(pa.float32(), 2)),
            ]
        )
-        await db.create_table("table1", schema=schema, namespace_path=["test_ns"])
-        await db.create_table("table2", schema=schema, namespace_path=["test_ns"])
+        await db.create_table("table1", schema=schema, namespace=["test_ns"])
+        await db.create_table("table2", schema=schema, namespace=["test_ns"])

        # Verify both tables exist in child namespace
-        table_names = list(await db.table_names(namespace_path=["test_ns"]))
+        table_names = list(await db.table_names(namespace=["test_ns"]))
        assert "table1" in table_names
        assert "table2" in table_names
        assert len(table_names) == 2

        # Drop one table
-        await db.drop_table("table1", namespace_path=["test_ns"])
+        await db.drop_table("table1", namespace=["test_ns"])

        # Verify only table2 remains
-        table_names = list(await db.table_names(namespace_path=["test_ns"]))
+        table_names = list(await db.table_names(namespace=["test_ns"]))
        assert "table1" not in table_names
        assert "table2" in table_names
        assert len(table_names) == 1
@@ -605,24 +588,20 @@ class TestAsyncNamespaceConnection:
            ]
        )
        table = await db.create_table(
-            "test_table", schema=schema, namespace_path=["test_namespace"]
+            "test_table", schema=schema, namespace=["test_namespace"]
        )
        assert table is not None

        # Verify table exists in namespace
-        tables_in_namespace = list(
-            await db.table_names(namespace_path=["test_namespace"])
-        )
+        tables_in_namespace = list(await db.table_names(namespace=["test_namespace"]))
        assert "test_table" in tables_in_namespace
        assert len(tables_in_namespace) == 1

        # Drop table from namespace
-        await db.drop_table("test_table", namespace_path=["test_namespace"])
+        await db.drop_table("test_table", namespace=["test_namespace"])

        # Verify table no longer exists in namespace
-        tables_in_namespace = list(
-            await db.table_names(namespace_path=["test_namespace"])
-        )
+        tables_in_namespace = list(await db.table_names(namespace=["test_namespace"]))
        assert len(tables_in_namespace) == 0

        # Drop namespace
@@ -647,98 +626,15 @@ class TestAsyncNamespaceConnection:
            ]
        )
        for i in range(3):
-            await db.create_table(
-                f"table{i}", schema=schema, namespace_path=["test_ns"]
-            )
+            await db.create_table(f"table{i}", schema=schema, namespace=["test_ns"])

        # Verify tables exist in child namespace
-        table_names = await db.table_names(namespace_path=["test_ns"])
+        table_names = await db.table_names(namespace=["test_ns"])
        assert len(list(table_names)) == 3

        # Drop all tables in child namespace
-        await db.drop_all_tables(namespace_path=["test_ns"])
+        await db.drop_all_tables(namespace=["test_ns"])

        # Verify all tables are gone from child namespace
-        table_names = await db.table_names(namespace_path=["test_ns"])
+        table_names = await db.table_names(namespace=["test_ns"])
        assert len(list(table_names)) == 0
-
-
-class TestPushdownOperations:
-    """Test pushdown operations on namespace connections."""
-
-    def setup_method(self):
-        """Set up test fixtures."""
-        self.temp_dir = tempfile.mkdtemp()
-
-    def teardown_method(self):
-        """Clean up test fixtures."""
-        shutil.rmtree(self.temp_dir, ignore_errors=True)
-
-    def test_query_table_pushdown_stored(self):
-        """Test that QueryTable pushdown is stored on sync connection."""
-        db = lancedb.connect_namespace(
-            "dir",
-            {"root": self.temp_dir},
-            namespace_client_pushdown_operations=["QueryTable"],
-        )
-        assert "QueryTable" in db._pushdown_operations
-
-    def test_create_table_pushdown_stored(self):
-        """Test that CreateTable pushdown is stored on sync connection."""
-        db = lancedb.connect_namespace(
-            "dir",
-            {"root": self.temp_dir},
-            namespace_client_pushdown_operations=["CreateTable"],
-        )
-        assert "CreateTable" in db._pushdown_operations
-
-    def test_both_pushdowns_stored(self):
-        """Test that both pushdown operations can be set together."""
-        db = lancedb.connect_namespace(
-            "dir",
-            {"root": self.temp_dir},
-            namespace_client_pushdown_operations=["QueryTable", "CreateTable"],
-        )
-        assert "QueryTable" in db._pushdown_operations
-        assert "CreateTable" in db._pushdown_operations
-
-    def test_pushdown_defaults_to_empty(self):
-        """Test that pushdown operations default to empty."""
-        db = lancedb.connect_namespace("dir", {"root": self.temp_dir})
-        assert len(db._pushdown_operations) == 0
-
-
-@pytest.mark.asyncio
-class TestAsyncPushdownOperations:
-    """Test pushdown operations on async namespace connections."""
-
-    def setup_method(self):
-        """Set up test fixtures."""
-        self.temp_dir = tempfile.mkdtemp()
-
-    def teardown_method(self):
-        """Clean up test fixtures."""
-        shutil.rmtree(self.temp_dir, ignore_errors=True)
-
-    async def test_async_query_table_pushdown_stored(self):
-        """Test that QueryTable pushdown is stored on async connection."""
-        db = lancedb.connect_namespace_async(
-            "dir",
-            {"root": self.temp_dir},
-            namespace_client_pushdown_operations=["QueryTable"],
-        )
-        assert "QueryTable" in db._pushdown_operations
-
-    async def test_async_create_table_pushdown_stored(self):
-        """Test that CreateTable pushdown is stored on async connection."""
-        db = lancedb.connect_namespace_async(
-            "dir",
-            {"root": self.temp_dir},
-            namespace_client_pushdown_operations=["CreateTable"],
-        )
-        assert "CreateTable" in db._pushdown_operations
-
-    async def test_async_pushdown_defaults_to_empty(self):
-        """Test that pushdown operations default to empty on async connection."""
-        db = lancedb.connect_namespace_async("dir", {"root": self.temp_dir})
-        assert len(db._pushdown_operations) == 0
--- a/python/python/tests/test_namespace_integration.py
+++ b/python/python/tests/test_namespace_integration.py
@@ -4,11 +4,9 @@
 """
 Integration tests for LanceDB Namespace with S3 and credential refresh.

-This test uses DirectoryNamespace with native ops_metrics and vend_input_storage_options
-features to track API calls and test credential refresh mechanisms.
-
-Tests are parameterized to run with both DirectoryNamespace and a CustomNamespace
-wrapper to verify Python-Rust binding works correctly for custom implementations.
+This test simulates a namespace server that returns incrementing credentials
+and verifies that the credential refresh mechanism works correctly for both
+create_table and open_table operations.

 Tests verify:
 - Storage options provider is auto-created and used
@@ -20,136 +18,22 @@ Tests verify:
 import copy
 import time
 import uuid
-from typing import Dict, Optional
+from threading import Lock
+from typing import Dict

 import pyarrow as pa
 import pytest
-from lance.namespace import (
+from lance_namespace import (
+    CreateEmptyTableRequest,
+    CreateEmptyTableResponse,
    DeclareTableRequest,
    DeclareTableResponse,
    DescribeTableRequest,
    DescribeTableResponse,
-    DirectoryNamespace,
    LanceNamespace,
 )
-from lance_namespace import (
-    CreateNamespaceRequest,
-    CreateNamespaceResponse,
-    CreateTableRequest,
-    CreateTableResponse,
-    CreateTableVersionRequest,
-    CreateTableVersionResponse,
-    DeregisterTableRequest,
-    DeregisterTableResponse,
-    DescribeNamespaceRequest,
-    DescribeNamespaceResponse,
-    DescribeTableVersionRequest,
-    DescribeTableVersionResponse,
-    DropNamespaceRequest,
-    DropNamespaceResponse,
-    DropTableRequest,
-    DropTableResponse,
-    ListNamespacesRequest,
-    ListNamespacesResponse,
-    ListTablesRequest,
-    ListTablesResponse,
-    ListTableVersionsRequest,
-    ListTableVersionsResponse,
-    NamespaceExistsRequest,
-    RegisterTableRequest,
-    RegisterTableResponse,
-    TableExistsRequest,
-)
 from lancedb.namespace import LanceNamespaceDBConnection

-
-class CustomNamespace(LanceNamespace):
-    """A custom namespace wrapper that delegates to DirectoryNamespace.
-
-    This class verifies that the Python-Rust binding works correctly for
-    custom namespace implementations that wrap the native DirectoryNamespace.
-    All methods simply delegate to the underlying DirectoryNamespace instance.
-    """
-
-    def __init__(self, inner: DirectoryNamespace):
-        self._inner = inner
-
-    def namespace_id(self) -> str:
-        return f"CustomNamespace[{self._inner.namespace_id()}]"
-
-    def create_namespace(
-        self, request: CreateNamespaceRequest
-    ) -> CreateNamespaceResponse:
-        return self._inner.create_namespace(request)
-
-    def describe_namespace(
-        self, request: DescribeNamespaceRequest
-    ) -> DescribeNamespaceResponse:
-        return self._inner.describe_namespace(request)
-
-    def namespace_exists(self, request: NamespaceExistsRequest) -> None:
-        return self._inner.namespace_exists(request)
-
-    def drop_namespace(self, request: DropNamespaceRequest) -> DropNamespaceResponse:
-        return self._inner.drop_namespace(request)
-
-    def list_namespaces(self, request: ListNamespacesRequest) -> ListNamespacesResponse:
-        return self._inner.list_namespaces(request)
-
-    def create_table(
-        self, request: CreateTableRequest, data: bytes
-    ) -> CreateTableResponse:
-        return self._inner.create_table(request, data)
-
-    def declare_table(self, request: DeclareTableRequest) -> DeclareTableResponse:
-        return self._inner.declare_table(request)
-
-    def describe_table(self, request: DescribeTableRequest) -> DescribeTableResponse:
-        return self._inner.describe_table(request)
-
-    def table_exists(self, request: TableExistsRequest) -> None:
-        return self._inner.table_exists(request)
-
-    def drop_table(self, request: DropTableRequest) -> DropTableResponse:
-        return self._inner.drop_table(request)
-
-    def list_tables(self, request: ListTablesRequest) -> ListTablesResponse:
-        return self._inner.list_tables(request)
-
-    def register_table(self, request: RegisterTableRequest) -> RegisterTableResponse:
-        return self._inner.register_table(request)
-
-    def deregister_table(
-        self, request: DeregisterTableRequest
-    ) -> DeregisterTableResponse:
-        return self._inner.deregister_table(request)
-
-    def list_table_versions(
-        self, request: ListTableVersionsRequest
-    ) -> ListTableVersionsResponse:
-        return self._inner.list_table_versions(request)
-
-    def describe_table_version(
-        self, request: DescribeTableVersionRequest
-    ) -> DescribeTableVersionResponse:
-        return self._inner.describe_table_version(request)
-
-    def create_table_version(
-        self, request: CreateTableVersionRequest
-    ) -> CreateTableVersionResponse:
-        return self._inner.create_table_version(request)
-
-    def retrieve_ops_metrics(self) -> Optional[Dict[str, int]]:
-        return self._inner.retrieve_ops_metrics()
-
-
-def _wrap_if_custom(ns_client: DirectoryNamespace, use_custom: bool):
-    """Wrap namespace client in CustomNamespace if use_custom is True."""
-    if use_custom:
-        return CustomNamespace(ns_client)
-    return ns_client
-
-
 # LocalStack S3 configuration
 CONFIG = {
    "allow_http": "true",
@@ -205,88 +89,157 @@ def delete_bucket(s3, bucket_name):
        pass


-def create_tracking_namespace(
-    bucket_name: str,
-    storage_options: dict,
-    credential_expires_in_seconds: int = 60,
-    use_custom: bool = False,
-):
-    """Create a DirectoryNamespace with ops metrics and credential vending enabled.
-
-    Uses native DirectoryNamespace features:
-    - ops_metrics_enabled=true: Tracks API call counts via retrieve_ops_metrics()
-    - vend_input_storage_options=true: Returns input storage options in responses
-    - vend_input_storage_options_refresh_interval_millis: Adds expires_at_millis
-
-    Args:
-        bucket_name: S3 bucket name or local path
-        storage_options: Storage options to pass through (credentials, endpoint, etc.)
-        credential_expires_in_seconds: Interval in seconds for credential expiration
-        use_custom: If True, wrap in CustomNamespace for testing custom implementations
-
-    Returns:
-        Tuple of (namespace_client, inner_namespace_client) where inner is always
-        the DirectoryNamespace (used for metrics retrieval)
+class TrackingNamespace(LanceNamespace):
    """
-    # Add refresh_offset_millis to storage options so that credentials are not
-    # considered expired immediately. Set to 1 second (1000ms) so that refresh
-    # checks work correctly with short-lived credentials in tests.
-    storage_options_with_refresh = dict(storage_options)
-    storage_options_with_refresh["refresh_offset_millis"] = "1000"
+    Mock namespace that wraps DirectoryNamespace and tracks API calls.

-    dir_props = {f"storage.{k}": v for k, v in storage_options_with_refresh.items()}
+    This namespace returns incrementing credentials with each API call to simulate
+    credential rotation. It also tracks the number of times each API is called
+    to verify caching behavior.
+    """

-    if bucket_name.startswith("/") or bucket_name.startswith("file://"):
-        dir_props["root"] = f"{bucket_name}/namespace_root"
-    else:
-        dir_props["root"] = f"s3://{bucket_name}/namespace_root"
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        bucket_name: str,
+        storage_options: Dict[str, str],
+        credential_expires_in_seconds: int = 60,
+    ):
+        from lance.namespace import DirectoryNamespace

-    # Enable ops metrics tracking
-    dir_props["ops_metrics_enabled"] = "true"
-    # Enable storage options vending
-    dir_props["vend_input_storage_options"] = "true"
-    # Set refresh interval in milliseconds
-    dir_props["vend_input_storage_options_refresh_interval_millis"] = str(
-        credential_expires_in_seconds * 1000
-    )
+        self.bucket_name = bucket_name
+        self.base_storage_options = storage_options
+        self.credential_expires_in_seconds = credential_expires_in_seconds
+        self.describe_call_count = 0
+        self.create_call_count = 0
+        self.lock = Lock()

-    inner_ns_client = DirectoryNamespace(**dir_props)
-    ns_client = _wrap_if_custom(inner_ns_client, use_custom)
-    return ns_client, inner_ns_client
+        # Create underlying DirectoryNamespace with storage options
+        dir_props = {f"storage.{k}": v for k, v in storage_options.items()}

+        # Use S3 path for bucket name, local path for file paths
+        if bucket_name.startswith("/") or bucket_name.startswith("file://"):
+            dir_props["root"] = f"{bucket_name}/namespace_root"
+        else:
+            dir_props["root"] = f"s3://{bucket_name}/namespace_root"

-def get_describe_call_count(namespace_client) -> int:
-    """Get the number of describe_table calls made to the namespace client."""
-    return namespace_client.retrieve_ops_metrics().get("describe_table", 0)
+        self.inner = DirectoryNamespace(**dir_props)

+    def get_describe_call_count(self) -> int:
+        """Thread-safe getter for describe call count."""
+        with self.lock:
+            return self.describe_call_count

-def get_declare_call_count(namespace_client) -> int:
-    """Get the number of declare_table calls made to the namespace client."""
-    return namespace_client.retrieve_ops_metrics().get("declare_table", 0)
+    def get_create_call_count(self) -> int:
+        """Thread-safe getter for create call count."""
+        with self.lock:
+            return self.create_call_count
+
+    def namespace_id(self) -> str:
+        """Return namespace identifier."""
+        return f"TrackingNamespace {{ inner: {self.inner.namespace_id()} }}"
+
+    def _modify_storage_options(
+        self, storage_options: Dict[str, str], count: int
+    ) -> Dict[str, str]:
+        """
+        Add incrementing credentials with expiration timestamp.
+
+        This simulates a credential rotation system where each call returns
+        new credentials that expire after credential_expires_in_seconds.
+        """
+        modified = copy.deepcopy(storage_options) if storage_options else {}
+
+        # Increment credentials to simulate rotation
+        modified["aws_access_key_id"] = f"AKID_{count}"
+        modified["aws_secret_access_key"] = f"SECRET_{count}"
+        modified["aws_session_token"] = f"TOKEN_{count}"
+
+        # Set expiration time
+        expires_at_millis = int(
+            (time.time() + self.credential_expires_in_seconds) * 1000
+        )
+        modified["expires_at_millis"] = str(expires_at_millis)
+
+        return modified
+
+    def declare_table(self, request: DeclareTableRequest) -> DeclareTableResponse:
+        """Track declare_table calls and inject rotating credentials."""
+        with self.lock:
+            self.create_call_count += 1
+            count = self.create_call_count
+
+        response = self.inner.declare_table(request)
+        response.storage_options = self._modify_storage_options(
+            response.storage_options, count
+        )
+
+        return response
+
+    def create_empty_table(
+        self, request: CreateEmptyTableRequest
+    ) -> CreateEmptyTableResponse:
+        """Track create_empty_table calls and inject rotating credentials."""
+        with self.lock:
+            self.create_call_count += 1
+            count = self.create_call_count
+
+        response = self.inner.create_empty_table(request)
+        response.storage_options = self._modify_storage_options(
+            response.storage_options, count
+        )
+
+        return response
+
+    def describe_table(self, request: DescribeTableRequest) -> DescribeTableResponse:
+        """Track describe_table calls and inject rotating credentials."""
+        with self.lock:
+            self.describe_call_count += 1
+            count = self.describe_call_count
+
+        response = self.inner.describe_table(request)
+        response.storage_options = self._modify_storage_options(
+            response.storage_options, count
+        )
+
+        return response
+
+    # Pass through other methods to inner namespace
+    def list_tables(self, request):
+        return self.inner.list_tables(request)
+
+    def drop_table(self, request):
+        return self.inner.drop_table(request)
+
+    def list_namespaces(self, request):
+        return self.inner.list_namespaces(request)
+
+    def create_namespace(self, request):
+        return self.inner.create_namespace(request)
+
+    def drop_namespace(self, request):
+        return self.inner.drop_namespace(request)


@pytest.mark.s3_test
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("use_custom", [False, True], ids=["DirectoryNS", "CustomNS"])
-def test_namespace_create_table_with_provider(s3_bucket: str, use_custom: bool):
+def test_namespace_create_table_with_provider(s3_bucket: str):
    """
    Test creating a table through namespace with storage options provider.

    Verifies:
-    - declare_table is called once to reserve location
+    - create_empty_table is called once to reserve location
    - Storage options provider is auto-created
    - Table can be written successfully
    - Credentials are cached during write operations
    """
    storage_options = copy.deepcopy(CONFIG)

-    ns_client, inner_ns_client = create_tracking_namespace(
+    namespace = TrackingNamespace(
        bucket_name=s3_bucket,
        storage_options=storage_options,
        credential_expires_in_seconds=3600,  # 1 hour
-        use_custom=use_custom,
    )

-    db = LanceNamespaceDBConnection(ns_client)
+    db = LanceNamespaceDBConnection(namespace)

    # Create unique namespace for this test
    namespace_name = f"test_ns_{uuid.uuid4().hex[:8]}"
@@ -296,8 +249,8 @@ def test_namespace_create_table_with_provider(s3_bucket: str, use_custom: bool):
    namespace_path = [namespace_name]

    # Verify initial state
-    assert get_declare_call_count(inner_ns_client) == 0
-    assert get_describe_call_count(inner_ns_client) == 0
+    assert namespace.get_create_call_count() == 0
+    assert namespace.get_describe_call_count() == 0

    # Create table with data
    data = pa.table(
@@ -308,12 +261,12 @@ def test_namespace_create_table_with_provider(s3_bucket: str, use_custom: bool):
        }
    )

-    table = db.create_table(table_name, data, namespace_path=namespace_path)
+    table = db.create_table(table_name, data, namespace=namespace_path)

-    # Verify declare_table was called exactly once
-    assert get_declare_call_count(inner_ns_client) == 1
+    # Verify create_empty_table was called exactly once
+    assert namespace.get_create_call_count() == 1
    # describe_table should NOT be called during create in create mode
-    assert get_describe_call_count(inner_ns_client) == 0
+    assert namespace.get_describe_call_count() == 0

    # Verify table was created successfully
    assert table.name == table_name
@@ -323,8 +276,7 @@ def test_namespace_create_table_with_provider(s3_bucket: str, use_custom: bool):


@pytest.mark.s3_test
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("use_custom", [False, True], ids=["DirectoryNS", "CustomNS"])
-def test_namespace_open_table_with_provider(s3_bucket: str, use_custom: bool):
+def test_namespace_open_table_with_provider(s3_bucket: str):
    """
    Test opening a table through namespace with storage options provider.

@@ -336,14 +288,13 @@ def test_namespace_open_table_with_provider(s3_bucket: str, use_custom: bool):
    """
    storage_options = copy.deepcopy(CONFIG)

-    ns_client, inner_ns_client = create_tracking_namespace(
+    namespace = TrackingNamespace(
        bucket_name=s3_bucket,
        storage_options=storage_options,
        credential_expires_in_seconds=3600,
-        use_custom=use_custom,
    )

-    db = LanceNamespaceDBConnection(ns_client)
+    db = LanceNamespaceDBConnection(namespace)

    # Create unique namespace for this test
    namespace_name = f"test_ns_{uuid.uuid4().hex[:8]}"
@@ -361,21 +312,21 @@ def test_namespace_open_table_with_provider(s3_bucket: str, use_custom: bool):
        }
    )

-    db.create_table(table_name, data, namespace_path=namespace_path)
+    db.create_table(table_name, data, namespace=namespace_path)

-    initial_declare_count = get_declare_call_count(inner_ns_client)
-    assert initial_declare_count == 1
+    initial_create_count = namespace.get_create_call_count()
+    assert initial_create_count == 1

    # Open the table
-    opened_table = db.open_table(table_name, namespace_path=namespace_path)
+    opened_table = db.open_table(table_name, namespace=namespace_path)

    # Verify describe_table was called exactly once
-    assert get_describe_call_count(inner_ns_client) == 1
-    # declare_table should not be called again
-    assert get_declare_call_count(inner_ns_client) == initial_declare_count
+    assert namespace.get_describe_call_count() == 1
+    # create_empty_table should not be called again
+    assert namespace.get_create_call_count() == initial_create_count

    # Perform multiple read operations
-    describe_count_after_open = get_describe_call_count(inner_ns_client)
+    describe_count_after_open = namespace.get_describe_call_count()

    for _ in range(3):
        result = opened_table.to_pandas()
@@ -384,12 +335,11 @@ def test_namespace_open_table_with_provider(s3_bucket: str, use_custom: bool):
        assert count == 5

    # Verify credentials were cached (no additional describe_table calls)
-    assert get_describe_call_count(inner_ns_client) == describe_count_after_open
+    assert namespace.get_describe_call_count() == describe_count_after_open


@pytest.mark.s3_test
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("use_custom", [False, True], ids=["DirectoryNS", "CustomNS"])
-def test_namespace_credential_refresh_on_read(s3_bucket: str, use_custom: bool):
+def test_namespace_credential_refresh_on_read(s3_bucket: str):
    """
    Test credential refresh when credentials expire during read operations.

@@ -400,14 +350,13 @@ def test_namespace_credential_refresh_on_read(s3_bucket: str, use_custom: bool):
    """
    storage_options = copy.deepcopy(CONFIG)

-    ns_client, inner_ns_client = create_tracking_namespace(
+    namespace = TrackingNamespace(
        bucket_name=s3_bucket,
        storage_options=storage_options,
        credential_expires_in_seconds=3,  # Short expiration for testing
-        use_custom=use_custom,
    )

-    db = LanceNamespaceDBConnection(ns_client)
+    db = LanceNamespaceDBConnection(namespace)

    # Create unique namespace for this test
    namespace_name = f"test_ns_{uuid.uuid4().hex[:8]}"
@@ -424,16 +373,16 @@ def test_namespace_credential_refresh_on_read(s3_bucket: str, use_custom: bool):
        }
    )

-    db.create_table(table_name, data, namespace_path=namespace_path)
+    db.create_table(table_name, data, namespace=namespace_path)

    # Open table (triggers describe_table)
-    opened_table = db.open_table(table_name, namespace_path=namespace_path)
+    opened_table = db.open_table(table_name, namespace=namespace_path)

    # Perform an immediate read (should use credentials from open)
    result = opened_table.to_pandas()
    assert len(result) == 3

-    describe_count_after_first_read = get_describe_call_count(inner_ns_client)
+    describe_count_after_first_read = namespace.get_describe_call_count()

    # Wait for credentials to expire (3 seconds + buffer)
    time.sleep(5)
@@ -442,7 +391,7 @@ def test_namespace_credential_refresh_on_read(s3_bucket: str, use_custom: bool):
    result = opened_table.to_pandas()
    assert len(result) == 3

-    describe_count_after_refresh = get_describe_call_count(inner_ns_client)
+    describe_count_after_refresh = namespace.get_describe_call_count()
    # Verify describe_table was called again (credential refresh)
    refresh_delta = describe_count_after_refresh - describe_count_after_first_read

@@ -455,8 +404,7 @@ def test_namespace_credential_refresh_on_read(s3_bucket: str, use_custom: bool):


@pytest.mark.s3_test
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("use_custom", [False, True], ids=["DirectoryNS", "CustomNS"])
-def test_namespace_credential_refresh_on_write(s3_bucket: str, use_custom: bool):
+def test_namespace_credential_refresh_on_write(s3_bucket: str):
    """
    Test credential refresh when credentials expire during write operations.

@@ -467,14 +415,13 @@ def test_namespace_credential_refresh_on_write(s3_bucket: str, use_custom: bool)
    """
    storage_options = copy.deepcopy(CONFIG)

-    ns_client, inner_ns_client = create_tracking_namespace(
+    namespace = TrackingNamespace(
        bucket_name=s3_bucket,
        storage_options=storage_options,
        credential_expires_in_seconds=3,  # Short expiration
-        use_custom=use_custom,
    )

-    db = LanceNamespaceDBConnection(ns_client)
+    db = LanceNamespaceDBConnection(namespace)

    # Create unique namespace for this test
    namespace_name = f"test_ns_{uuid.uuid4().hex[:8]}"
@@ -491,7 +438,7 @@ def test_namespace_credential_refresh_on_write(s3_bucket: str, use_custom: bool)
        }
    )

-    table = db.create_table(table_name, initial_data, namespace_path=namespace_path)
+    table = db.create_table(table_name, initial_data, namespace=namespace_path)

    # Add more data (should use cached credentials)
    new_data = pa.table(
@@ -519,26 +466,24 @@ def test_namespace_credential_refresh_on_write(s3_bucket: str, use_custom: bool)


@pytest.mark.s3_test
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("use_custom", [False, True], ids=["DirectoryNS", "CustomNS"])
-def test_namespace_overwrite_mode(s3_bucket: str, use_custom: bool):
+def test_namespace_overwrite_mode(s3_bucket: str):
    """
    Test creating table in overwrite mode with credential tracking.

    Verifies:
-    - First create calls declare_table exactly once
+    - First create calls create_empty_table exactly once
    - Overwrite mode calls describe_table exactly once to check existence
    - Storage options provider works in overwrite mode
    """
    storage_options = copy.deepcopy(CONFIG)

-    ns_client, inner_ns_client = create_tracking_namespace(
+    namespace = TrackingNamespace(
        bucket_name=s3_bucket,
        storage_options=storage_options,
        credential_expires_in_seconds=3600,
-        use_custom=use_custom,
    )

-    db = LanceNamespaceDBConnection(ns_client)
+    db = LanceNamespaceDBConnection(namespace)

    # Create unique namespace for this test
    namespace_name = f"test_ns_{uuid.uuid4().hex[:8]}"
@@ -555,11 +500,11 @@ def test_namespace_overwrite_mode(s3_bucket: str, use_custom: bool):
        }
    )

-    table = db.create_table(table_name, data1, namespace_path=namespace_path)
-    # Exactly one declare_table call for initial create
-    assert get_declare_call_count(inner_ns_client) == 1
+    table = db.create_table(table_name, data1, namespace=namespace_path)
+    # Exactly one create_empty_table call for initial create
+    assert namespace.get_create_call_count() == 1
    # No describe_table calls in create mode
-    assert get_describe_call_count(inner_ns_client) == 0
+    assert namespace.get_describe_call_count() == 0
    assert table.count_rows() == 2

    # Overwrite the table
@@ -571,14 +516,14 @@ def test_namespace_overwrite_mode(s3_bucket: str, use_custom: bool):
    )

    table2 = db.create_table(
-        table_name, data2, namespace_path=namespace_path, mode="overwrite"
+        table_name, data2, namespace=namespace_path, mode="overwrite"
    )

-    # Should still have only 1 declare_table call
+    # Should still have only 1 create_empty_table call
    # (overwrite reuses location from describe_table)
-    assert get_declare_call_count(inner_ns_client) == 1
+    assert namespace.get_create_call_count() == 1
    # Should have called describe_table exactly once to get existing table location
-    assert get_describe_call_count(inner_ns_client) == 1
+    assert namespace.get_describe_call_count() == 1

    # Verify new data
    assert table2.count_rows() == 3
@@ -587,8 +532,7 @@ def test_namespace_overwrite_mode(s3_bucket: str, use_custom: bool):


@pytest.mark.s3_test
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("use_custom", [False, True], ids=["DirectoryNS", "CustomNS"])
-def test_namespace_multiple_tables(s3_bucket: str, use_custom: bool):
+def test_namespace_multiple_tables(s3_bucket: str):
    """
    Test creating and opening multiple tables in the same namespace.

@@ -599,14 +543,13 @@ def test_namespace_multiple_tables(s3_bucket: str, use_custom: bool):
    """
    storage_options = copy.deepcopy(CONFIG)

-    ns_client, inner_ns_client = create_tracking_namespace(
+    namespace = TrackingNamespace(
        bucket_name=s3_bucket,
        storage_options=storage_options,
        credential_expires_in_seconds=3600,
-        use_custom=use_custom,
    )

-    db = LanceNamespaceDBConnection(ns_client)
+    db = LanceNamespaceDBConnection(namespace)

    # Create unique namespace for this test
    namespace_name = f"test_ns_{uuid.uuid4().hex[:8]}"
@@ -616,22 +559,22 @@ def test_namespace_multiple_tables(s3_bucket: str, use_custom: bool):
    # Create first table
    table1_name = f"table1_{uuid.uuid4().hex}"
    data1 = pa.table({"id": [1, 2], "value": [10, 20]})
-    db.create_table(table1_name, data1, namespace_path=namespace_path)
+    db.create_table(table1_name, data1, namespace=namespace_path)

    # Create second table
    table2_name = f"table2_{uuid.uuid4().hex}"
    data2 = pa.table({"id": [3, 4], "value": [30, 40]})
-    db.create_table(table2_name, data2, namespace_path=namespace_path)
+    db.create_table(table2_name, data2, namespace=namespace_path)

-    # Should have 2 declare calls (one per table)
-    assert get_declare_call_count(inner_ns_client) == 2
+    # Should have 2 create calls (one per table)
+    assert namespace.get_create_call_count() == 2

    # Open both tables
-    opened1 = db.open_table(table1_name, namespace_path=namespace_path)
-    opened2 = db.open_table(table2_name, namespace_path=namespace_path)
+    opened1 = db.open_table(table1_name, namespace=namespace_path)
+    opened2 = db.open_table(table2_name, namespace=namespace_path)

    # Should have 2 describe calls (one per open)
-    assert get_describe_call_count(inner_ns_client) == 2
+    assert namespace.get_describe_call_count() == 2

    # Verify both tables work independently
    assert opened1.count_rows() == 2
@@ -645,8 +588,7 @@ def test_namespace_multiple_tables(s3_bucket: str, use_custom: bool):


@pytest.mark.s3_test
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("use_custom", [False, True], ids=["DirectoryNS", "CustomNS"])
-def test_namespace_with_schema_only(s3_bucket: str, use_custom: bool):
+def test_namespace_with_schema_only(s3_bucket: str):
    """
    Test creating empty table with schema only (no data).

@@ -657,14 +599,13 @@ def test_namespace_with_schema_only(s3_bucket: str, use_custom: bool):
    """
    storage_options = copy.deepcopy(CONFIG)

-    ns_client, inner_ns_client = create_tracking_namespace(
+    namespace = TrackingNamespace(
        bucket_name=s3_bucket,
        storage_options=storage_options,
        credential_expires_in_seconds=3600,
-        use_custom=use_custom,
    )

-    db = LanceNamespaceDBConnection(ns_client)
+    db = LanceNamespaceDBConnection(namespace)

    # Create unique namespace for this test
    namespace_name = f"test_ns_{uuid.uuid4().hex[:8]}"
@@ -682,12 +623,12 @@ def test_namespace_with_schema_only(s3_bucket: str, use_custom: bool):
        ]
    )

-    table = db.create_table(table_name, schema=schema, namespace_path=namespace_path)
+    table = db.create_table(table_name, schema=schema, namespace=namespace_path)

-    # Should have called declare_table once
-    assert get_declare_call_count(inner_ns_client) == 1
+    # Should have called create_empty_table once
+    assert namespace.get_create_call_count() == 1
    # Should NOT have called describe_table in create mode
-    assert get_describe_call_count(inner_ns_client) == 0
+    assert namespace.get_describe_call_count() == 0

    # Verify empty table
    assert table.count_rows() == 0
--- a/python/python/tests/test_query.py
+++ b/python/python/tests/test_query.py
@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@ from lancedb.query import (
    PhraseQuery,
    Query,
    FullTextSearchQuery,
-    ensure_vector_query,
 )
 from lancedb.rerankers.cross_encoder import CrossEncoderReranker
 from lancedb.table import AsyncTable, LanceTable
@@ -1502,18 +1501,6 @@ def test_search_empty_table(mem_db):
    assert results == []


-def test_ensure_vector_query_empty_list():
-    """Regression: ensure_vector_query used to return instead of raise ValueError."""
-    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="non-empty"):
-        ensure_vector_query([])
-
-
-def test_ensure_vector_query_nested_empty_list():
-    """Regression: ensure_vector_query used to return instead of raise ValueError."""
-    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="non-empty"):
-        ensure_vector_query([[]])
-
-
 def test_fast_search(tmp_path):
    db = lancedb.connect(tmp_path)

--- a/python/python/tests/test_remote_db.py
+++ b/python/python/tests/test_remote_db.py
@@ -1201,18 +1201,6 @@ async def test_header_provider_overrides_static_headers():
        await db.table_names()


-def test_close():
-    """Test that close() works without AttributeError."""
-    import asyncio
-
-    def handler(req):
-        req.send_response(200)
-        req.end_headers()
-
-    with mock_lancedb_connection(handler) as db:
-        asyncio.run(db.close())
-
-
@pytest.mark.parametrize("exception", [KeyboardInterrupt, SystemExit, GeneratorExit])
 def test_background_loop_cancellation(exception):
    """Test that BackgroundEventLoop.run() cancels the future on interrupt."""
--- a/python/python/tests/test_table.py
+++ b/python/python/tests/test_table.py
@@ -326,24 +326,6 @@ def test_add_struct(mem_db: DBConnection):
    table = mem_db.create_table("test2", schema=schema)
    table.add(data)

-    struct_type = pa.struct(
-        [
-            ("b", pa.int64()),
-            ("a", pa.int64()),
-        ]
-    )
-    expected = pa.table(
-        {
-            "s_list": [
-                [
-                    pa.scalar({"b": 1, "a": 2}, type=struct_type),
-                    pa.scalar({"b": 4, "a": None}, type=struct_type),
-                ]
-            ],
-        }
-    )
-    assert table.to_arrow() == expected
-

 def test_add_subschema(mem_db: DBConnection):
    schema = pa.schema(
@@ -527,132 +509,6 @@ async def test_add_async(mem_db_async: AsyncConnection):
    assert await table.count_rows() == 3


-def test_add_overwrite_infers_vector_schema(mem_db: DBConnection):
-    """Overwrite should infer vector columns the same way create_table does.
-
-    Regression test for https://github.com/lancedb/lancedb/issues/3183
-    """
-    table = mem_db.create_table(
-        "test_overwrite_vec",
-        data=[
-            {"vector": [1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0], "item": "foo"},
-            {"vector": [5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0], "item": "bar"},
-        ],
-    )
-    # create_table infers vector as fixed_size_list<float32, 4>
-    original_type = table.schema.field("vector").type
-    assert pa.types.is_fixed_size_list(original_type)
-
-    # overwrite with plain Python lists (PyArrow infers list<double>)
-    table.add(
-        [
-            {"vector": [10.0, 20.0, 30.0, 40.0], "item": "baz"},
-        ],
-        mode="overwrite",
-    )
-    # overwrite should infer vector column the same way as create_table
-    new_type = table.schema.field("vector").type
-    assert pa.types.is_fixed_size_list(new_type), (
-        f"Expected fixed_size_list after overwrite, got {new_type}"
-    )
-
-
-def test_add_progress_callback(mem_db: DBConnection):
-    table = mem_db.create_table(
-        "test",
-        data=[{"id": 1}, {"id": 2}],
-    )
-
-    updates = []
-    table.add([{"id": 3}, {"id": 4}], progress=lambda p: updates.append(dict(p)))
-
-    assert len(table) == 4
-    # The done callback always fires, so we should always get at least one.
-    assert len(updates) >= 1, "expected at least one progress callback"
-    for p in updates:
-        assert "output_rows" in p
-        assert "output_bytes" in p
-        assert "total_rows" in p
-        assert "elapsed_seconds" in p
-        assert "active_tasks" in p
-        assert "total_tasks" in p
-        assert "done" in p
-    # The last callback should have done=True.
-    assert updates[-1]["done"] is True
-
-
-def test_add_progress_tqdm_like(mem_db: DBConnection):
-    """Test that a tqdm-like object gets total set and update() called."""
-
-    class FakeBar:
-        def __init__(self):
-            self.total = None
-            self.n = 0
-            self.postfix = None
-
-        def update(self, n):
-            self.n += n
-
-        def set_postfix_str(self, s):
-            self.postfix = s
-
-        def refresh(self):
-            pass
-
-    table = mem_db.create_table(
-        "test",
-        data=[{"id": 1}, {"id": 2}],
-    )
-
-    bar = FakeBar()
-    table.add([{"id": 3}, {"id": 4}], progress=bar)
-
-    assert len(table) == 4
-    # Postfix should contain throughput and worker count
-    if bar.postfix is not None:
-        assert "MB/s" in bar.postfix
-        assert "workers" in bar.postfix
-
-
-def test_add_progress_bool(mem_db: DBConnection):
-    """Test that progress=True creates and closes a tqdm bar automatically."""
-    table = mem_db.create_table(
-        "test",
-        data=[{"id": 1}, {"id": 2}],
-    )
-
-    table.add([{"id": 3}, {"id": 4}], progress=True)
-    assert len(table) == 4
-
-    # progress=False should be the same as None
-    table.add([{"id": 5}], progress=False)
-    assert len(table) == 5
-
-
-@pytest.mark.asyncio
-async def test_add_progress_callback_async(mem_db_async: AsyncConnection):
-    """Progress callbacks work through the async path too."""
-    table = await mem_db_async.create_table("test", data=[{"id": 1}, {"id": 2}])
-
-    updates = []
-    await table.add([{"id": 3}, {"id": 4}], progress=lambda p: updates.append(dict(p)))
-
-    assert await table.count_rows() == 4
-    assert len(updates) >= 1
-    assert updates[-1]["done"] is True
-
-
-def test_add_progress_callback_error(mem_db: DBConnection):
-    """A failing callback must not prevent the write from succeeding."""
-    table = mem_db.create_table("test", data=[{"id": 1}, {"id": 2}])
-
-    def bad_callback(p):
-        raise RuntimeError("boom")
-
-    table.add([{"id": 3}, {"id": 4}], progress=bad_callback)
-    assert len(table) == 4
-
-
 def test_polars(mem_db: DBConnection):
    data = {
        "vector": [[3.1, 4.1], [5.9, 26.5]],
@@ -2108,7 +1964,7 @@ def test_stats(mem_db: DBConnection):
    stats = table.stats()
    print(f"{stats=}")
    assert stats == {
-        "total_bytes": 60,
+        "total_bytes": 38,
        "num_rows": 2,
        "num_indices": 0,
        "fragment_stats": {
@@ -2173,33 +2029,3 @@ def test_table_uri(tmp_path):
    db = lancedb.connect(tmp_path)
    table = db.create_table("my_table", data=[{"x": 0}])
    assert table.uri == str(tmp_path / "my_table.lance")
-
-
-def test_sanitize_data_metadata_not_stripped():
-    """Regression test: dict.update() returns None, so assigning its result
-    would silently replace metadata with None, causing with_metadata(None)
-    to strip all schema metadata from the target schema."""
-    from lancedb.table import _sanitize_data
-
-    schema = pa.schema(
-        [pa.field("x", pa.int64())],
-        metadata={b"existing_key": b"existing_value"},
-    )
-    batch = pa.record_batch([pa.array([1, 2, 3])], schema=schema)
-
-    # Use a different field type so the reader and target schemas differ,
-    # forcing _cast_to_target_schema to rebuild the schema with the
-    # target's metadata (instead of taking the fast-path).
-    target_schema = pa.schema(
-        [pa.field("x", pa.int32())],
-        metadata={b"existing_key": b"existing_value"},
-    )
-
-    reader = pa.RecordBatchReader.from_batches(schema, [batch])
-    metadata = {b"new_key": b"new_value"}
-    result = _sanitize_data(reader, target_schema=target_schema, metadata=metadata)
-
-    result_schema = result.schema
-    assert result_schema.metadata is not None
-    assert result_schema.metadata[b"existing_key"] == b"existing_value"
-    assert result_schema.metadata[b"new_key"] == b"new_value"
--- a/python/python/tests/test_util.py
+++ b/python/python/tests/test_util.py
@@ -121,32 +121,6 @@ def test_value_to_sql_string(tmp_path):
        assert table.to_pandas().query("search == @value")["replace"].item() == value


-def test_value_to_sql_dict():
-    # Simple flat struct
-    assert value_to_sql({"a": 1, "b": "hello"}) == "named_struct('a', 1, 'b', 'hello')"
-
-    # Nested struct
-    assert (
-        value_to_sql({"outer": {"inner": 1}})
-        == "named_struct('outer', named_struct('inner', 1))"
-    )
-
-    # List inside struct
-    assert value_to_sql({"a": [1, 2]}) == "named_struct('a', [1, 2])"
-
-    # Mixed types
-    assert (
-        value_to_sql({"name": "test", "count": 42, "rate": 3.14, "active": True})
-        == "named_struct('name', 'test', 'count', 42, 'rate', 3.14, 'active', TRUE)"
-    )
-
-    # Null value inside struct
-    assert value_to_sql({"a": None}) == "named_struct('a', NULL)"
-
-    # Empty dict
-    assert value_to_sql({}) == "named_struct()"
-
-
 def test_append_vector_columns():
    registry = EmbeddingFunctionRegistry.get_instance()
    registry.register("test")(MockTextEmbeddingFunction)
--- a/python/src/arrow.rs
+++ b/python/src/arrow.rs
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ use arrow::{
 use futures::stream::StreamExt;
 use lancedb::arrow::SendableRecordBatchStream;
 use pyo3::{
-    Bound, Py, PyAny, PyRef, PyResult, Python, exceptions::PyStopAsyncIteration, pyclass, pymethods,
+    exceptions::PyStopAsyncIteration, pyclass, pymethods, Bound, Py, PyAny, PyRef, PyResult, Python,
 };
 use pyo3_async_runtimes::tokio::future_into_py;

--- a/python/src/connection.rs
+++ b/python/src/connection.rs
@@ -9,17 +9,15 @@ use lancedb::{
    database::{CreateTableMode, Database, ReadConsistency},
 };
 use pyo3::{
-    Bound, FromPyObject, Py, PyAny, PyRef, PyResult, Python,
    exceptions::{PyRuntimeError, PyValueError},
    pyclass, pyfunction, pymethods,
    types::{PyDict, PyDictMethods},
+    Bound, FromPyObject, Py, PyAny, PyRef, PyResult, Python,
 };
 use pyo3_async_runtimes::tokio::future_into_py;

 use crate::{
-    error::PythonErrorExt,
-    namespace::{create_namespace_storage_options_provider, extract_namespace_arc},
-    table::Table,
+    error::PythonErrorExt, storage_options::py_object_to_storage_options_provider, table::Table,
 };

 #[pyclass]
@@ -88,16 +86,16 @@ impl Connection {
        })
    }

-    #[pyo3(signature = (namespace_path=None, start_after=None, limit=None))]
+    #[pyo3(signature = (namespace=vec![], start_after=None, limit=None))]
    pub fn table_names(
        self_: PyRef<'_, Self>,
-        namespace_path: Option<Vec<String>>,
+        namespace: Vec<String>,
        start_after: Option<String>,
        limit: Option<u32>,
    ) -> PyResult<Bound<'_, PyAny>> {
        let inner = self_.get_inner()?.clone();
        let mut op = inner.table_names();
-        op = op.namespace(namespace_path.unwrap_or_default());
+        op = op.namespace(namespace);
        if let Some(start_after) = start_after {
            op = op.start_after(start_after);
        }
@@ -108,43 +106,34 @@ impl Connection {
    }

    #[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
-    #[pyo3(signature = (name, mode, data, namespace_path=None, storage_options=None, location=None, namespace_client=None))]
+    #[pyo3(signature = (name, mode, data, namespace=vec![], storage_options=None, storage_options_provider=None, location=None))]
    pub fn create_table<'a>(
        self_: PyRef<'a, Self>,
        name: String,
        mode: &str,
        data: Bound<'_, PyAny>,
-        namespace_path: Option<Vec<String>>,
+        namespace: Vec<String>,
        storage_options: Option<HashMap<String, String>>,
+        storage_options_provider: Option<Py<PyAny>>,
        location: Option<String>,
-        namespace_client: Option<Py<PyAny>>,
    ) -> PyResult<Bound<'a, PyAny>> {
        let inner = self_.get_inner()?.clone();
-        let py = self_.py();

        let mode = Self::parse_create_mode_str(mode)?;

        let batches: Box<dyn arrow::array::RecordBatchReader + Send> =
            Box::new(ArrowArrayStreamReader::from_pyarrow_bound(&data)?);

-        let ns_path = namespace_path.clone().unwrap_or_default();
-        let mut builder = inner.create_table(name.clone(), batches).mode(mode);
+        let mut builder = inner.create_table(name, batches).mode(mode);

-        builder = builder.namespace(ns_path.clone());
+        builder = builder.namespace(namespace);
        if let Some(storage_options) = storage_options {
            builder = builder.storage_options(storage_options);
        }
-
-        // Auto-create storage options provider from namespace_client
-        if let Some(ns_obj) = namespace_client {
-            let ns_client = extract_namespace_arc(py, ns_obj)?;
-            // Create table_id by combining namespace_path with table name
-            let mut table_id = ns_path;
-            table_id.push(name);
-            let provider = create_namespace_storage_options_provider(ns_client, table_id);
+        if let Some(provider_obj) = storage_options_provider {
+            let provider = py_object_to_storage_options_provider(provider_obj)?;
            builder = builder.storage_options_provider(provider);
        }
-
        if let Some(location) = location {
            builder = builder.location(location);
        }
@@ -156,44 +145,33 @@ impl Connection {
    }

    #[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
-    #[pyo3(signature = (name, mode, schema, namespace_path=None, storage_options=None, location=None, namespace_client=None))]
+    #[pyo3(signature = (name, mode, schema, namespace=vec![], storage_options=None, storage_options_provider=None, location=None))]
    pub fn create_empty_table<'a>(
        self_: PyRef<'a, Self>,
        name: String,
        mode: &str,
        schema: Bound<'_, PyAny>,
-        namespace_path: Option<Vec<String>>,
+        namespace: Vec<String>,
        storage_options: Option<HashMap<String, String>>,
+        storage_options_provider: Option<Py<PyAny>>,
        location: Option<String>,
-        namespace_client: Option<Py<PyAny>>,
    ) -> PyResult<Bound<'a, PyAny>> {
        let inner = self_.get_inner()?.clone();
-        let py = self_.py();

        let mode = Self::parse_create_mode_str(mode)?;

        let schema = Schema::from_pyarrow_bound(&schema)?;

-        let ns_path = namespace_path.clone().unwrap_or_default();
-        let mut builder = inner
-            .create_empty_table(name.clone(), Arc::new(schema))
-            .mode(mode);
+        let mut builder = inner.create_empty_table(name, Arc::new(schema)).mode(mode);

-        builder = builder.namespace(ns_path.clone());
+        builder = builder.namespace(namespace);
        if let Some(storage_options) = storage_options {
            builder = builder.storage_options(storage_options);
        }
-
-        // Auto-create storage options provider from namespace_client
-        if let Some(ns_obj) = namespace_client {
-            let ns_client = extract_namespace_arc(py, ns_obj)?;
-            // Create table_id by combining namespace_path with table name
-            let mut table_id = ns_path;
-            table_id.push(name);
-            let provider = create_namespace_storage_options_provider(ns_client, table_id);
+        if let Some(provider_obj) = storage_options_provider {
+            let provider = py_object_to_storage_options_provider(provider_obj)?;
            builder = builder.storage_options_provider(provider);
        }
-
        if let Some(location) = location {
            builder = builder.location(location);
        }
@@ -204,49 +182,33 @@ impl Connection {
        })
    }

-    #[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
-    #[pyo3(signature = (name, namespace_path=None, storage_options=None, index_cache_size=None, location=None, namespace_client=None, managed_versioning=None))]
+    #[pyo3(signature = (name, namespace=vec![], storage_options = None, storage_options_provider=None, index_cache_size = None, location=None))]
    pub fn open_table(
        self_: PyRef<'_, Self>,
        name: String,
-        namespace_path: Option<Vec<String>>,
+        namespace: Vec<String>,
        storage_options: Option<HashMap<String, String>>,
+        storage_options_provider: Option<Py<PyAny>>,
        index_cache_size: Option<u32>,
        location: Option<String>,
-        namespace_client: Option<Py<PyAny>>,
-        managed_versioning: Option<bool>,
    ) -> PyResult<Bound<'_, PyAny>> {
        let inner = self_.get_inner()?.clone();
-        let py = self_.py();

-        let ns_path = namespace_path.clone().unwrap_or_default();
-        let mut builder = inner.open_table(name.clone());
-        builder = builder.namespace(ns_path.clone());
+        let mut builder = inner.open_table(name);
+        builder = builder.namespace(namespace);
        if let Some(storage_options) = storage_options {
            builder = builder.storage_options(storage_options);
        }
-
-        // Auto-create storage options provider from namespace_client
-        if let Some(ns_obj) = namespace_client {
-            let ns_client = extract_namespace_arc(py, ns_obj)?;
-            // Create table_id by combining namespace_path with table name
-            let mut table_id = ns_path;
-            table_id.push(name);
-            let provider = create_namespace_storage_options_provider(ns_client.clone(), table_id);
+        if let Some(provider_obj) = storage_options_provider {
+            let provider = py_object_to_storage_options_provider(provider_obj)?;
            builder = builder.storage_options_provider(provider);
-            builder = builder.namespace_client(ns_client);
        }
-
        if let Some(index_cache_size) = index_cache_size {
            builder = builder.index_cache_size(index_cache_size);
        }
        if let Some(location) = location {
            builder = builder.location(location);
        }
-        // Pass managed_versioning if provided to avoid redundant describe_table call
-        if let Some(enabled) = managed_versioning {
-            builder = builder.managed_versioning(enabled);
-        }

        future_into_py(self_.py(), async move {
            let table = builder.execute().await.infer_error()?;
@@ -254,12 +216,12 @@ impl Connection {
        })
    }

-    #[pyo3(signature = (target_table_name, source_uri, target_namespace_path=None, source_version=None, source_tag=None, is_shallow=true))]
+    #[pyo3(signature = (target_table_name, source_uri, target_namespace=vec![], source_version=None, source_tag=None, is_shallow=true))]
    pub fn clone_table(
        self_: PyRef<'_, Self>,
        target_table_name: String,
        source_uri: String,
-        target_namespace_path: Option<Vec<String>>,
+        target_namespace: Vec<String>,
        source_version: Option<u64>,
        source_tag: Option<String>,
        is_shallow: bool,
@@ -267,7 +229,7 @@ impl Connection {
        let inner = self_.get_inner()?.clone();

        let mut builder = inner.clone_table(target_table_name, source_uri);
-        builder = builder.target_namespace(target_namespace_path.unwrap_or_default());
+        builder = builder.target_namespace(target_namespace);
        if let Some(version) = source_version {
            builder = builder.source_version(version);
        }
@@ -282,56 +244,52 @@ impl Connection {
        })
    }

-    #[pyo3(signature = (cur_name, new_name, cur_namespace_path=None, new_namespace_path=None))]
+    #[pyo3(signature = (cur_name, new_name, cur_namespace=vec![], new_namespace=vec![]))]
    pub fn rename_table(
        self_: PyRef<'_, Self>,
        cur_name: String,
        new_name: String,
-        cur_namespace_path: Option<Vec<String>>,
-        new_namespace_path: Option<Vec<String>>,
+        cur_namespace: Vec<String>,
+        new_namespace: Vec<String>,
    ) -> PyResult<Bound<'_, PyAny>> {
        let inner = self_.get_inner()?.clone();
-        let cur_ns_path = cur_namespace_path.unwrap_or_default();
-        let new_ns_path = new_namespace_path.unwrap_or_default();
        future_into_py(self_.py(), async move {
            inner
-                .rename_table(cur_name, new_name, &cur_ns_path, &new_ns_path)
+                .rename_table(cur_name, new_name, &cur_namespace, &new_namespace)
                .await
                .infer_error()
        })
    }

-    #[pyo3(signature = (name, namespace_path=None))]
+    #[pyo3(signature = (name, namespace=vec![]))]
    pub fn drop_table(
        self_: PyRef<'_, Self>,
        name: String,
-        namespace_path: Option<Vec<String>>,
+        namespace: Vec<String>,
    ) -> PyResult<Bound<'_, PyAny>> {
        let inner = self_.get_inner()?.clone();
-        let ns_path = namespace_path.unwrap_or_default();
        future_into_py(self_.py(), async move {
-            inner.drop_table(name, &ns_path).await.infer_error()
+            inner.drop_table(name, &namespace).await.infer_error()
        })
    }

-    #[pyo3(signature = (namespace_path=None,))]
+    #[pyo3(signature = (namespace=vec![],))]
    pub fn drop_all_tables(
        self_: PyRef<'_, Self>,
-        namespace_path: Option<Vec<String>>,
+        namespace: Vec<String>,
    ) -> PyResult<Bound<'_, PyAny>> {
        let inner = self_.get_inner()?.clone();
-        let ns_path = namespace_path.unwrap_or_default();
        future_into_py(self_.py(), async move {
-            inner.drop_all_tables(&ns_path).await.infer_error()
+            inner.drop_all_tables(&namespace).await.infer_error()
        })
    }

    // Namespace management methods

-    #[pyo3(signature = (namespace_path=None, page_token=None, limit=None))]
+    #[pyo3(signature = (namespace=vec![], page_token=None, limit=None))]
    pub fn list_namespaces(
        self_: PyRef<'_, Self>,
-        namespace_path: Option<Vec<String>>,
+        namespace: Vec<String>,
        page_token: Option<String>,
        limit: Option<u32>,
    ) -> PyResult<Bound<'_, PyAny>> {
@@ -340,7 +298,11 @@ impl Connection {
        future_into_py(py, async move {
            use lance_namespace::models::ListNamespacesRequest;
            let request = ListNamespacesRequest {
-                id: namespace_path,
+                id: if namespace.is_empty() {
+                    None
+                } else {
+                    Some(namespace)
+                },
                page_token,
                limit: limit.map(|l| l as i32),
                ..Default::default()
@@ -355,10 +317,10 @@ impl Connection {
        })
    }

-    #[pyo3(signature = (namespace_path, mode=None, properties=None))]
+    #[pyo3(signature = (namespace, mode=None, properties=None))]
    pub fn create_namespace(
        self_: PyRef<'_, Self>,
-        namespace_path: Vec<String>,
+        namespace: Vec<String>,
        mode: Option<String>,
        properties: Option<std::collections::HashMap<String, String>>,
    ) -> PyResult<Bound<'_, PyAny>> {
@@ -374,7 +336,11 @@ impl Connection {
                _ => None,
            });
            let request = CreateNamespaceRequest {
-                id: Some(namespace_path),
+                id: if namespace.is_empty() {
+                    None
+                } else {
+                    Some(namespace)
+                },
                mode: mode_str,
                properties,
                ..Default::default()
@@ -388,10 +354,10 @@ impl Connection {
        })
    }

-    #[pyo3(signature = (namespace_path, mode=None, behavior=None))]
+    #[pyo3(signature = (namespace, mode=None, behavior=None))]
    pub fn drop_namespace(
        self_: PyRef<'_, Self>,
-        namespace_path: Vec<String>,
+        namespace: Vec<String>,
        mode: Option<String>,
        behavior: Option<String>,
    ) -> PyResult<Bound<'_, PyAny>> {
@@ -411,7 +377,11 @@ impl Connection {
                _ => None,
            });
            let request = DropNamespaceRequest {
-                id: Some(namespace_path),
+                id: if namespace.is_empty() {
+                    None
+                } else {
+                    Some(namespace)
+                },
                mode: mode_str,
                behavior: behavior_str,
                ..Default::default()
@@ -426,17 +396,21 @@ impl Connection {
        })
    }

-    #[pyo3(signature = (namespace_path,))]
+    #[pyo3(signature = (namespace,))]
    pub fn describe_namespace(
        self_: PyRef<'_, Self>,
-        namespace_path: Vec<String>,
+        namespace: Vec<String>,
    ) -> PyResult<Bound<'_, PyAny>> {
        let inner = self_.get_inner()?.clone();
        let py = self_.py();
        future_into_py(py, async move {
            use lance_namespace::models::DescribeNamespaceRequest;
            let request = DescribeNamespaceRequest {
-                id: Some(namespace_path),
+                id: if namespace.is_empty() {
+                    None
+                } else {
+                    Some(namespace)
+                },
                ..Default::default()
            };
            let response = inner.describe_namespace(request).await.infer_error()?;
@@ -448,10 +422,10 @@ impl Connection {
        })
    }

-    #[pyo3(signature = (namespace_path=None, page_token=None, limit=None))]
+    #[pyo3(signature = (namespace=vec![], page_token=None, limit=None))]
    pub fn list_tables(
        self_: PyRef<'_, Self>,
-        namespace_path: Option<Vec<String>>,
+        namespace: Vec<String>,
        page_token: Option<String>,
        limit: Option<u32>,
    ) -> PyResult<Bound<'_, PyAny>> {
@@ -460,7 +434,11 @@ impl Connection {
        future_into_py(py, async move {
            use lance_namespace::models::ListTablesRequest;
            let request = ListTablesRequest {
-                id: namespace_path,
+                id: if namespace.is_empty() {
+                    None
+                } else {
+                    Some(namespace)
+                },
                page_token,
                limit: limit.map(|l| l as i32),
                ..Default::default()
--- a/python/src/error.rs
+++ b/python/src/error.rs
@@ -2,10 +2,10 @@
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright The LanceDB Authors

 use pyo3::{
-    PyErr, PyResult, Python,
    exceptions::{PyIOError, PyNotImplementedError, PyOSError, PyRuntimeError, PyValueError},
    intern,
    types::{PyAnyMethods, PyNone},
+    PyErr, PyResult, Python,
 };

 use lancedb::error::Error as LanceError;
--- a/python/src/expr.rs
+++ b/python/src/expr.rs
@@ -1,175 +0,0 @@
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright The LanceDB Authors
-
-//! PyO3 bindings for the LanceDB expression builder API.
-//!
-//! This module exposes [`PyExpr`] and helper free functions so Python can
-//! build type-safe filter / projection expressions that map directly to
-//! DataFusion [`Expr`] nodes, bypassing SQL string parsing.
-
-use arrow::{datatypes::DataType, pyarrow::PyArrowType};
-use lancedb::expr::{DfExpr, col as ldb_col, contains, expr_cast, lit as df_lit, lower, upper};
-use pyo3::{Bound, PyAny, PyResult, exceptions::PyValueError, prelude::*, pyfunction};
-
-/// A type-safe DataFusion expression.
-///
-/// Instances are constructed via the free functions [`expr_col`] and
-/// [`expr_lit`] and combined with the methods on this struct.  On the Python
-/// side a thin wrapper class (`lancedb.expr.Expr`) delegates to these methods
-/// and adds Python operator overloads.
-#[pyclass(name = "PyExpr")]
-#[derive(Clone)]
-pub struct PyExpr(pub DfExpr);
-
-#[pymethods]
-impl PyExpr {
-    // ── comparisons ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-
-    fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> Self {
-        Self(self.0.clone().eq(other.0.clone()))
-    }
-
-    fn ne(&self, other: &Self) -> Self {
-        Self(self.0.clone().not_eq(other.0.clone()))
-    }
-
-    fn lt(&self, other: &Self) -> Self {
-        Self(self.0.clone().lt(other.0.clone()))
-    }
-
-    fn lte(&self, other: &Self) -> Self {
-        Self(self.0.clone().lt_eq(other.0.clone()))
-    }
-
-    fn gt(&self, other: &Self) -> Self {
-        Self(self.0.clone().gt(other.0.clone()))
-    }
-
-    fn gte(&self, other: &Self) -> Self {
-        Self(self.0.clone().gt_eq(other.0.clone()))
-    }
-
-    // ── logical ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-
-    fn and_(&self, other: &Self) -> Self {
-        Self(self.0.clone().and(other.0.clone()))
-    }
-
-    fn or_(&self, other: &Self) -> Self {
-        Self(self.0.clone().or(other.0.clone()))
-    }
-
-    fn not_(&self) -> Self {
-        use std::ops::Not;
-        Self(self.0.clone().not())
-    }
-
-    // ── arithmetic ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-
-    fn add(&self, other: &Self) -> Self {
-        use std::ops::Add;
-        Self(self.0.clone().add(other.0.clone()))
-    }
-
-    fn sub(&self, other: &Self) -> Self {
-        use std::ops::Sub;
-        Self(self.0.clone().sub(other.0.clone()))
-    }
-
-    fn mul(&self, other: &Self) -> Self {
-        use std::ops::Mul;
-        Self(self.0.clone().mul(other.0.clone()))
-    }
-
-    fn div(&self, other: &Self) -> Self {
-        use std::ops::Div;
-        Self(self.0.clone().div(other.0.clone()))
-    }
-
-    // ── string functions ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-
-    /// Convert string column to lowercase.
-    fn lower(&self) -> Self {
-        Self(lower(self.0.clone()))
-    }
-
-    /// Convert string column to uppercase.
-    fn upper(&self) -> Self {
-        Self(upper(self.0.clone()))
-    }
-
-    /// Test whether the string contains `substr`.
-    fn contains(&self, substr: &Self) -> Self {
-        Self(contains(self.0.clone(), substr.0.clone()))
-    }
-
-    // ── type cast ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-
-    /// Cast the expression to `data_type`.
-    ///
-    /// `data_type` must be a PyArrow `DataType` (e.g. `pa.int32()`).
-    /// On the Python side, `lancedb.expr.Expr.cast` also accepts type name
-    /// strings via `pa.lib.ensure_type` before forwarding here.
-    fn cast(&self, data_type: PyArrowType<DataType>) -> Self {
-        Self(expr_cast(self.0.clone(), data_type.0))
-    }
-
-    // ── utilities ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-
-    /// Render the expression as a SQL string (useful for debugging).
-    fn to_sql(&self) -> PyResult<String> {
-        lancedb::expr::expr_to_sql_string(&self.0).map_err(|e| PyValueError::new_err(e.to_string()))
-    }
-
-    fn __repr__(&self) -> PyResult<String> {
-        let sql =
-            lancedb::expr::expr_to_sql_string(&self.0).unwrap_or_else(|_| "<expr>".to_string());
-        Ok(format!("PyExpr({})", sql))
-    }
-}
-
-// ── free functions ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-
-/// Create a column reference expression.
-///
-/// The column name is preserved exactly as given (case-sensitive), so
-/// `col("firstName")` correctly references a field named `firstName`.
-#[pyfunction]
-pub fn expr_col(name: &str) -> PyExpr {
-    PyExpr(ldb_col(name))
-}
-
-/// Create a literal value expression.
-///
-/// Supported Python types: `bool`, `int`, `float`, `str`.
-#[pyfunction]
-pub fn expr_lit(value: Bound<'_, PyAny>) -> PyResult<PyExpr> {
-    // bool must be checked before int because bool is a subclass of int in Python
-    if let Ok(b) = value.extract::<bool>() {
-        return Ok(PyExpr(df_lit(b)));
-    }
-    if let Ok(i) = value.extract::<i64>() {
-        return Ok(PyExpr(df_lit(i)));
-    }
-    if let Ok(f) = value.extract::<f64>() {
-        return Ok(PyExpr(df_lit(f)));
-    }
-    if let Ok(s) = value.extract::<String>() {
-        return Ok(PyExpr(df_lit(s)));
-    }
-    Err(PyValueError::new_err(format!(
-        "unsupported literal type: {}. Supported: bool, int, float, str",
-        value.get_type().name()?
-    )))
-}
-
-/// Call an arbitrary registered SQL function by name.
-///
-/// See `lancedb::expr::func` for the list of supported function names.
-#[pyfunction]
-pub fn expr_func(name: &str, args: Vec<PyExpr>) -> PyResult<PyExpr> {
-    let df_args: Vec<DfExpr> = args.into_iter().map(|e| e.0).collect();
-    lancedb::expr::func(name, df_args)
-        .map(PyExpr)
-        .map_err(|e| PyValueError::new_err(e.to_string()))
-}
--- a/python/src/index.rs
+++ b/python/src/index.rs
@@ -3,17 +3,17 @@

 use lancedb::index::vector::{IvfFlatIndexBuilder, IvfRqIndexBuilder, IvfSqIndexBuilder};
 use lancedb::index::{
-    Index as LanceDbIndex,
    scalar::{BTreeIndexBuilder, FtsIndexBuilder},
    vector::{IvfHnswPqIndexBuilder, IvfHnswSqIndexBuilder, IvfPqIndexBuilder},
+    Index as LanceDbIndex,
 };
-use pyo3::IntoPyObject;
 use pyo3::types::PyStringMethods;
+use pyo3::IntoPyObject;
 use pyo3::{
-    Bound, FromPyObject, PyAny, PyResult, Python,
    exceptions::{PyKeyError, PyValueError},
    intern, pyclass, pymethods,
    types::PyAnyMethods,
+    Bound, FromPyObject, PyAny, PyResult, Python,
 };

 use crate::util::parse_distance_type;
@@ -41,12 +41,7 @@ pub fn extract_index_params(source: &Option<Bound<'_, PyAny>>) -> PyResult<Lance
                let inner_opts = FtsIndexBuilder::default()
                    .base_tokenizer(params.base_tokenizer)
                    .language(&params.language)
-                    .map_err(|_| {
-                        PyValueError::new_err(format!(
-                            "LanceDB does not support the requested language: '{}'",
-                            params.language
-                        ))
-                    })?
+                    .map_err(|_| PyValueError::new_err(format!("LanceDB does not support the requested language: '{}'", params.language)))?
                    .with_position(params.with_position)
                    .lower_case(params.lower_case)
                    .max_token_length(params.max_token_length)
@@ -57,7 +52,7 @@ pub fn extract_index_params(source: &Option<Bound<'_, PyAny>>) -> PyResult<Lance
                    .ngram_max_length(params.ngram_max_length)
                    .ngram_prefix_only(params.prefix_only);
                Ok(LanceDbIndex::FTS(inner_opts))
-            }
+            },
            "IvfFlat" => {
                let params = source.extract::<IvfFlatParams>()?;
                let distance_type = parse_distance_type(params.distance_type)?;
@@ -69,11 +64,10 @@ pub fn extract_index_params(source: &Option<Bound<'_, PyAny>>) -> PyResult<Lance
                    ivf_flat_builder = ivf_flat_builder.num_partitions(num_partitions);
                }
                if let Some(target_partition_size) = params.target_partition_size {
-                    ivf_flat_builder =
-                        ivf_flat_builder.target_partition_size(target_partition_size);
+                    ivf_flat_builder = ivf_flat_builder.target_partition_size(target_partition_size);
                }
                Ok(LanceDbIndex::IvfFlat(ivf_flat_builder))
-            }
+            },
            "IvfPq" => {
                let params = source.extract::<IvfPqParams>()?;
                let distance_type = parse_distance_type(params.distance_type)?;
@@ -92,7 +86,7 @@ pub fn extract_index_params(source: &Option<Bound<'_, PyAny>>) -> PyResult<Lance
                    ivf_pq_builder = ivf_pq_builder.num_sub_vectors(num_sub_vectors);
                }
                Ok(LanceDbIndex::IvfPq(ivf_pq_builder))
-            }
+            },
            "IvfSq" => {
                let params = source.extract::<IvfSqParams>()?;
                let distance_type = parse_distance_type(params.distance_type)?;
@@ -107,7 +101,7 @@ pub fn extract_index_params(source: &Option<Bound<'_, PyAny>>) -> PyResult<Lance
                    ivf_sq_builder = ivf_sq_builder.target_partition_size(target_partition_size);
                }
                Ok(LanceDbIndex::IvfSq(ivf_sq_builder))
-            }
+            },
            "IvfRq" => {
                let params = source.extract::<IvfRqParams>()?;
                let distance_type = parse_distance_type(params.distance_type)?;
@@ -123,7 +117,7 @@ pub fn extract_index_params(source: &Option<Bound<'_, PyAny>>) -> PyResult<Lance
                    ivf_rq_builder = ivf_rq_builder.target_partition_size(target_partition_size);
                }
                Ok(LanceDbIndex::IvfRq(ivf_rq_builder))
-            }
+            },
            "HnswPq" => {
                let params = source.extract::<IvfHnswPqParams>()?;
                let distance_type = parse_distance_type(params.distance_type)?;
@@ -144,7 +138,7 @@ pub fn extract_index_params(source: &Option<Bound<'_, PyAny>>) -> PyResult<Lance
                    hnsw_pq_builder = hnsw_pq_builder.num_sub_vectors(num_sub_vectors);
                }
                Ok(LanceDbIndex::IvfHnswPq(hnsw_pq_builder))
-            }
+            },
            "HnswSq" => {
                let params = source.extract::<IvfHnswSqParams>()?;
                let distance_type = parse_distance_type(params.distance_type)?;
@@ -161,7 +155,7 @@ pub fn extract_index_params(source: &Option<Bound<'_, PyAny>>) -> PyResult<Lance
                    hnsw_sq_builder = hnsw_sq_builder.target_partition_size(target_partition_size);
                }
                Ok(LanceDbIndex::IvfHnswSq(hnsw_sq_builder))
-            }
+            },
            not_supported => Err(PyValueError::new_err(format!(
                "Invalid index type '{}'.  Must be one of BTree, Bitmap, LabelList, FTS, IvfPq, IvfSq, IvfHnswPq, or IvfHnswSq",
                not_supported
--- a/python/src/lib.rs
+++ b/python/src/lib.rs
@@ -2,15 +2,14 @@
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright The LanceDB Authors

 use arrow::RecordBatchStream;
-use connection::{Connection, connect};
+use connection::{connect, Connection};
 use env_logger::Env;
-use expr::{PyExpr, expr_col, expr_func, expr_lit};
 use index::IndexConfig;
 use permutation::{PyAsyncPermutationBuilder, PyPermutationReader};
 use pyo3::{
-    Bound, PyResult, Python, pymodule,
+    pymodule,
    types::{PyModule, PyModuleMethods},
-    wrap_pyfunction,
+    wrap_pyfunction, Bound, PyResult, Python,
 };
 use query::{FTSQuery, HybridQuery, Query, VectorQuery};
 use session::Session;
@@ -22,13 +21,12 @@ use table::{
 pub mod arrow;
 pub mod connection;
 pub mod error;
-pub mod expr;
 pub mod header;
 pub mod index;
-pub mod namespace;
 pub mod permutation;
 pub mod query;
 pub mod session;
+pub mod storage_options;
 pub mod table;
 pub mod util;

@@ -56,14 +54,10 @@ pub fn _lancedb(_py: Python, m: &Bound<'_, PyModule>) -> PyResult<()> {
    m.add_class::<UpdateResult>()?;
    m.add_class::<PyAsyncPermutationBuilder>()?;
    m.add_class::<PyPermutationReader>()?;
-    m.add_class::<PyExpr>()?;
    m.add_function(wrap_pyfunction!(connect, m)?)?;
    m.add_function(wrap_pyfunction!(permutation::async_permutation_builder, m)?)?;
    m.add_function(wrap_pyfunction!(util::validate_table_name, m)?)?;
    m.add_function(wrap_pyfunction!(query::fts_query_to_json, m)?)?;
-    m.add_function(wrap_pyfunction!(expr_col, m)?)?;
-    m.add_function(wrap_pyfunction!(expr_lit, m)?)?;
-    m.add_function(wrap_pyfunction!(expr_func, m)?)?;
    m.add("__version__", env!("CARGO_PKG_VERSION"))?;
    Ok(())
 }
--- a/python/src/namespace.rs
+++ b/python/src/namespace.rs
@@ -1,715 +0,0 @@
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright The LanceDB Authors
-
-//! Namespace utilities for Python bindings
-
-use std::collections::HashMap;
-use std::sync::Arc;
-
-use async_trait::async_trait;
-use bytes::Bytes;
-use lance_io::object_store::{LanceNamespaceStorageOptionsProvider, StorageOptionsProvider};
-use lance_namespace::LanceNamespace as LanceNamespaceTrait;
-use lance_namespace::models::*;
-use pyo3::prelude::*;
-use pyo3::types::PyDict;
-
-/// Wrapper that allows any Python object implementing LanceNamespace protocol
-/// to be used as a Rust LanceNamespace.
-///
-/// This is similar to PyLanceNamespace in lance's Python bindings - it wraps a Python
-/// object and calls back into Python when namespace methods are invoked.
-pub struct PyLanceNamespace {
-    py_namespace: Arc<Py<PyAny>>,
-    namespace_id: String,
-}
-
-impl PyLanceNamespace {
-    /// Create a new PyLanceNamespace wrapper around a Python namespace object.
-    pub fn new(_py: Python<'_>, py_namespace: &Bound<'_, PyAny>) -> PyResult<Self> {
-        let namespace_id = py_namespace
-            .call_method0("namespace_id")?
-            .extract::<String>()?;
-
-        Ok(Self {
-            py_namespace: Arc::new(py_namespace.clone().unbind()),
-            namespace_id,
-        })
-    }
-
-    /// Create an Arc<dyn LanceNamespace> from a Python namespace object.
-    pub fn create_arc(
-        py: Python<'_>,
-        py_namespace: &Bound<'_, PyAny>,
-    ) -> PyResult<Arc<dyn LanceNamespaceTrait>> {
-        let wrapper = Self::new(py, py_namespace)?;
-        Ok(Arc::new(wrapper))
-    }
-}
-
-impl std::fmt::Debug for PyLanceNamespace {
-    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
-        write!(f, "PyLanceNamespace {{ id: {} }}", self.namespace_id)
-    }
-}
-
-/// Get or create the DictWithModelDump class in Python.
-/// This class acts like a dict but also has model_dump() method.
-/// This allows it to work with both:
-/// - depythonize (which expects a dict/Mapping)
-/// - Python code that calls .model_dump() (like DirectoryNamespace wrapper)
-fn get_dict_with_model_dump_class(py: Python<'_>) -> PyResult<Bound<'_, PyAny>> {
-    // Use a module-level cache via __builtins__
-    let builtins = py.import("builtins")?;
-    if builtins.hasattr("_DictWithModelDump")? {
-        return builtins.getattr("_DictWithModelDump");
-    }
-
-    // Create the class using exec
-    let locals = PyDict::new(py);
-    py.run(
-        c"class DictWithModelDump(dict):
-    def model_dump(self):
-        return dict(self)",
-        None,
-        Some(&locals),
-    )?;
-    let class = locals.get_item("DictWithModelDump")?.ok_or_else(|| {
-        pyo3::exceptions::PyRuntimeError::new_err("Failed to create DictWithModelDump class")
-    })?;
-
-    // Cache it
-    builtins.setattr("_DictWithModelDump", &class)?;
-    Ok(class)
-}
-
-/// Helper to call a Python namespace method with JSON serialization.
-/// For methods that take a request and return a response.
-/// Uses DictWithModelDump to pass a dict that also has model_dump() method,
-/// making it compatible with both depythonize and Python wrappers.
-async fn call_py_method<Req, Resp>(
-    py_namespace: Arc<Py<PyAny>>,
-    method_name: &'static str,
-    request: Req,
-) -> lance_core::Result<Resp>
-where
-    Req: serde::Serialize + Send + 'static,
-    Resp: serde::de::DeserializeOwned + Send + 'static,
-{
-    let request_json = serde_json::to_string(&request).map_err(|e| {
-        lance_core::Error::io(format!(
-            "Failed to serialize request for {}: {}",
-            method_name, e
-        ))
-    })?;
-
-    let response_json = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
-        Python::attach(|py| {
-            let json_module = py.import("json")?;
-            let request_dict = json_module.call_method1("loads", (&request_json,))?;
-
-            // Wrap dict in DictWithModelDump so it works with both depythonize and .model_dump()
-            let dict_class = get_dict_with_model_dump_class(py)?;
-            let request_arg = dict_class.call1((request_dict,))?;
-
-            // Call the Python method
-            let result = py_namespace.call_method1(py, method_name, (request_arg,))?;
-
-            // Convert response to dict, then to JSON
-            // Pydantic models have model_dump() method
-            let result_dict = if result.bind(py).hasattr("model_dump")? {
-                result.call_method0(py, "model_dump")?
-            } else {
-                result
-            };
-            let response_json: String = json_module
-                .call_method1("dumps", (result_dict,))?
-                .extract()?;
-            Ok::<_, PyErr>(response_json)
-        })
-    })
-    .await
-    .map_err(|e| lance_core::Error::io(format!("Task join error for {}: {}", method_name, e)))?
-    .map_err(|e: PyErr| lance_core::Error::io(format!("Python error in {}: {}", method_name, e)))?;
-
-    serde_json::from_str(&response_json).map_err(|e| {
-        lance_core::Error::io(format!(
-            "Failed to deserialize response from {}: {}",
-            method_name, e
-        ))
-    })
-}
-
-/// Helper for methods that return () on success
-async fn call_py_method_unit<Req>(
-    py_namespace: Arc<Py<PyAny>>,
-    method_name: &'static str,
-    request: Req,
-) -> lance_core::Result<()>
-where
-    Req: serde::Serialize + Send + 'static,
-{
-    let request_json = serde_json::to_string(&request).map_err(|e| {
-        lance_core::Error::io(format!(
-            "Failed to serialize request for {}: {}",
-            method_name, e
-        ))
-    })?;
-
-    tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
-        Python::attach(|py| {
-            let json_module = py.import("json")?;
-            let request_dict = json_module.call_method1("loads", (&request_json,))?;
-
-            // Wrap dict in DictWithModelDump
-            let dict_class = get_dict_with_model_dump_class(py)?;
-            let request_arg = dict_class.call1((request_dict,))?;
-
-            // Call the Python method
-            py_namespace.call_method1(py, method_name, (request_arg,))?;
-            Ok::<_, PyErr>(())
-        })
-    })
-    .await
-    .map_err(|e| lance_core::Error::io(format!("Task join error for {}: {}", method_name, e)))?
-    .map_err(|e: PyErr| lance_core::Error::io(format!("Python error in {}: {}", method_name, e)))
-}
-
-/// Helper for methods that return a primitive type
-async fn call_py_method_primitive<Req, Resp>(
-    py_namespace: Arc<Py<PyAny>>,
-    method_name: &'static str,
-    request: Req,
-) -> lance_core::Result<Resp>
-where
-    Req: serde::Serialize + Send + 'static,
-    Resp: for<'py> pyo3::FromPyObject<'py> + Send + 'static,
-{
-    let request_json = serde_json::to_string(&request).map_err(|e| {
-        lance_core::Error::io(format!(
-            "Failed to serialize request for {}: {}",
-            method_name, e
-        ))
-    })?;
-
-    tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
-        Python::attach(|py| {
-            let json_module = py.import("json")?;
-            let request_dict = json_module.call_method1("loads", (&request_json,))?;
-
-            // Wrap dict in DictWithModelDump
-            let dict_class = get_dict_with_model_dump_class(py)?;
-            let request_arg = dict_class.call1((request_dict,))?;
-
-            // Call the Python method
-            let result = py_namespace.call_method1(py, method_name, (request_arg,))?;
-            let value: Resp = result.extract(py)?;
-            Ok::<_, PyErr>(value)
-        })
-    })
-    .await
-    .map_err(|e| lance_core::Error::io(format!("Task join error for {}: {}", method_name, e)))?
-    .map_err(|e: PyErr| lance_core::Error::io(format!("Python error in {}: {}", method_name, e)))
-}
-
-/// Helper for methods that return Bytes
-async fn call_py_method_bytes<Req>(
-    py_namespace: Arc<Py<PyAny>>,
-    method_name: &'static str,
-    request: Req,
-) -> lance_core::Result<Bytes>
-where
-    Req: serde::Serialize + Send + 'static,
-{
-    let request_json = serde_json::to_string(&request).map_err(|e| {
-        lance_core::Error::io(format!(
-            "Failed to serialize request for {}: {}",
-            method_name, e
-        ))
-    })?;
-
-    tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
-        Python::attach(|py| {
-            let json_module = py.import("json")?;
-            let request_dict = json_module.call_method1("loads", (&request_json,))?;
-
-            // Wrap dict in DictWithModelDump
-            let dict_class = get_dict_with_model_dump_class(py)?;
-            let request_arg = dict_class.call1((request_dict,))?;
-
-            // Call the Python method
-            let result = py_namespace.call_method1(py, method_name, (request_arg,))?;
-            let bytes_data: Vec<u8> = result.extract(py)?;
-            Ok::<_, PyErr>(Bytes::from(bytes_data))
-        })
-    })
-    .await
-    .map_err(|e| lance_core::Error::io(format!("Task join error for {}: {}", method_name, e)))?
-    .map_err(|e: PyErr| lance_core::Error::io(format!("Python error in {}: {}", method_name, e)))
-}
-
-/// Helper for methods that take request + data and return a response
-async fn call_py_method_with_data<Req, Resp>(
-    py_namespace: Arc<Py<PyAny>>,
-    method_name: &'static str,
-    request: Req,
-    data: Bytes,
-) -> lance_core::Result<Resp>
-where
-    Req: serde::Serialize + Send + 'static,
-    Resp: serde::de::DeserializeOwned + Send + 'static,
-{
-    let request_json = serde_json::to_string(&request).map_err(|e| {
-        lance_core::Error::io(format!(
-            "Failed to serialize request for {}: {}",
-            method_name, e
-        ))
-    })?;
-
-    let response_json = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
-        Python::attach(|py| {
-            let json_module = py.import("json")?;
-            let request_dict = json_module.call_method1("loads", (&request_json,))?;
-
-            // Wrap dict in DictWithModelDump
-            let dict_class = get_dict_with_model_dump_class(py)?;
-            let request_arg = dict_class.call1((request_dict,))?;
-
-            // Pass request and bytes to Python method
-            let py_bytes = pyo3::types::PyBytes::new(py, &data);
-            let result = py_namespace.call_method1(py, method_name, (request_arg, py_bytes))?;
-
-            // Convert response dict to JSON
-            let response_json: String = json_module.call_method1("dumps", (result,))?.extract()?;
-            Ok::<_, PyErr>(response_json)
-        })
-    })
-    .await
-    .map_err(|e| lance_core::Error::io(format!("Task join error for {}: {}", method_name, e)))?
-    .map_err(|e: PyErr| lance_core::Error::io(format!("Python error in {}: {}", method_name, e)))?;
-
-    serde_json::from_str(&response_json).map_err(|e| {
-        lance_core::Error::io(format!(
-            "Failed to deserialize response from {}: {}",
-            method_name, e
-        ))
-    })
-}
-
-#[async_trait]
-impl LanceNamespaceTrait for PyLanceNamespace {
-    fn namespace_id(&self) -> String {
-        self.namespace_id.clone()
-    }
-
-    async fn list_namespaces(
-        &self,
-        request: ListNamespacesRequest,
-    ) -> lance_core::Result<ListNamespacesResponse> {
-        call_py_method(self.py_namespace.clone(), "list_namespaces", request).await
-    }
-
-    async fn describe_namespace(
-        &self,
-        request: DescribeNamespaceRequest,
-    ) -> lance_core::Result<DescribeNamespaceResponse> {
-        call_py_method(self.py_namespace.clone(), "describe_namespace", request).await
-    }
-
-    async fn create_namespace(
-        &self,
-        request: CreateNamespaceRequest,
-    ) -> lance_core::Result<CreateNamespaceResponse> {
-        call_py_method(self.py_namespace.clone(), "create_namespace", request).await
-    }
-
-    async fn drop_namespace(
-        &self,
-        request: DropNamespaceRequest,
-    ) -> lance_core::Result<DropNamespaceResponse> {
-        call_py_method(self.py_namespace.clone(), "drop_namespace", request).await
-    }
-
-    async fn namespace_exists(&self, request: NamespaceExistsRequest) -> lance_core::Result<()> {
-        call_py_method_unit(self.py_namespace.clone(), "namespace_exists", request).await
-    }
-
-    async fn list_tables(
-        &self,
-        request: ListTablesRequest,
-    ) -> lance_core::Result<ListTablesResponse> {
-        call_py_method(self.py_namespace.clone(), "list_tables", request).await
-    }
-
-    async fn describe_table(
-        &self,
-        request: DescribeTableRequest,
-    ) -> lance_core::Result<DescribeTableResponse> {
-        call_py_method(self.py_namespace.clone(), "describe_table", request).await
-    }
-
-    async fn register_table(
-        &self,
-        request: RegisterTableRequest,
-    ) -> lance_core::Result<RegisterTableResponse> {
-        call_py_method(self.py_namespace.clone(), "register_table", request).await
-    }
-
-    async fn table_exists(&self, request: TableExistsRequest) -> lance_core::Result<()> {
-        call_py_method_unit(self.py_namespace.clone(), "table_exists", request).await
-    }
-
-    async fn drop_table(&self, request: DropTableRequest) -> lance_core::Result<DropTableResponse> {
-        call_py_method(self.py_namespace.clone(), "drop_table", request).await
-    }
-
-    async fn deregister_table(
-        &self,
-        request: DeregisterTableRequest,
-    ) -> lance_core::Result<DeregisterTableResponse> {
-        call_py_method(self.py_namespace.clone(), "deregister_table", request).await
-    }
-
-    async fn count_table_rows(&self, request: CountTableRowsRequest) -> lance_core::Result<i64> {
-        call_py_method_primitive(self.py_namespace.clone(), "count_table_rows", request).await
-    }
-
-    async fn create_table(
-        &self,
-        request: CreateTableRequest,
-        request_data: Bytes,
-    ) -> lance_core::Result<CreateTableResponse> {
-        call_py_method_with_data(
-            self.py_namespace.clone(),
-            "create_table",
-            request,
-            request_data,
-        )
-        .await
-    }
-
-    async fn declare_table(
-        &self,
-        request: DeclareTableRequest,
-    ) -> lance_core::Result<DeclareTableResponse> {
-        call_py_method(self.py_namespace.clone(), "declare_table", request).await
-    }
-
-    async fn insert_into_table(
-        &self,
-        request: InsertIntoTableRequest,
-        request_data: Bytes,
-    ) -> lance_core::Result<InsertIntoTableResponse> {
-        call_py_method_with_data(
-            self.py_namespace.clone(),
-            "insert_into_table",
-            request,
-            request_data,
-        )
-        .await
-    }
-
-    async fn merge_insert_into_table(
-        &self,
-        request: MergeInsertIntoTableRequest,
-        request_data: Bytes,
-    ) -> lance_core::Result<MergeInsertIntoTableResponse> {
-        call_py_method_with_data(
-            self.py_namespace.clone(),
-            "merge_insert_into_table",
-            request,
-            request_data,
-        )
-        .await
-    }
-
-    async fn update_table(
-        &self,
-        request: UpdateTableRequest,
-    ) -> lance_core::Result<UpdateTableResponse> {
-        call_py_method(self.py_namespace.clone(), "update_table", request).await
-    }
-
-    async fn delete_from_table(
-        &self,
-        request: DeleteFromTableRequest,
-    ) -> lance_core::Result<DeleteFromTableResponse> {
-        call_py_method(self.py_namespace.clone(), "delete_from_table", request).await
-    }
-
-    async fn query_table(&self, request: QueryTableRequest) -> lance_core::Result<Bytes> {
-        call_py_method_bytes(self.py_namespace.clone(), "query_table", request).await
-    }
-
-    async fn create_table_index(
-        &self,
-        request: CreateTableIndexRequest,
-    ) -> lance_core::Result<CreateTableIndexResponse> {
-        call_py_method(self.py_namespace.clone(), "create_table_index", request).await
-    }
-
-    async fn list_table_indices(
-        &self,
-        request: ListTableIndicesRequest,
-    ) -> lance_core::Result<ListTableIndicesResponse> {
-        call_py_method(self.py_namespace.clone(), "list_table_indices", request).await
-    }
-
-    async fn describe_table_index_stats(
-        &self,
-        request: DescribeTableIndexStatsRequest,
-    ) -> lance_core::Result<DescribeTableIndexStatsResponse> {
-        call_py_method(
-            self.py_namespace.clone(),
-            "describe_table_index_stats",
-            request,
-        )
-        .await
-    }
-
-    async fn describe_transaction(
-        &self,
-        request: DescribeTransactionRequest,
-    ) -> lance_core::Result<DescribeTransactionResponse> {
-        call_py_method(self.py_namespace.clone(), "describe_transaction", request).await
-    }
-
-    async fn alter_transaction(
-        &self,
-        request: AlterTransactionRequest,
-    ) -> lance_core::Result<AlterTransactionResponse> {
-        call_py_method(self.py_namespace.clone(), "alter_transaction", request).await
-    }
-
-    async fn create_table_scalar_index(
-        &self,
-        request: CreateTableIndexRequest,
-    ) -> lance_core::Result<CreateTableScalarIndexResponse> {
-        call_py_method(
-            self.py_namespace.clone(),
-            "create_table_scalar_index",
-            request,
-        )
-        .await
-    }
-
-    async fn drop_table_index(
-        &self,
-        request: DropTableIndexRequest,
-    ) -> lance_core::Result<DropTableIndexResponse> {
-        call_py_method(self.py_namespace.clone(), "drop_table_index", request).await
-    }
-
-    async fn list_all_tables(
-        &self,
-        request: ListTablesRequest,
-    ) -> lance_core::Result<ListTablesResponse> {
-        call_py_method(self.py_namespace.clone(), "list_all_tables", request).await
-    }
-
-    async fn restore_table(
-        &self,
-        request: RestoreTableRequest,
-    ) -> lance_core::Result<RestoreTableResponse> {
-        call_py_method(self.py_namespace.clone(), "restore_table", request).await
-    }
-
-    async fn rename_table(
-        &self,
-        request: RenameTableRequest,
-    ) -> lance_core::Result<RenameTableResponse> {
-        call_py_method(self.py_namespace.clone(), "rename_table", request).await
-    }
-
-    async fn list_table_versions(
-        &self,
-        request: ListTableVersionsRequest,
-    ) -> lance_core::Result<ListTableVersionsResponse> {
-        call_py_method(self.py_namespace.clone(), "list_table_versions", request).await
-    }
-
-    async fn create_table_version(
-        &self,
-        request: CreateTableVersionRequest,
-    ) -> lance_core::Result<CreateTableVersionResponse> {
-        call_py_method(self.py_namespace.clone(), "create_table_version", request).await
-    }
-
-    async fn describe_table_version(
-        &self,
-        request: DescribeTableVersionRequest,
-    ) -> lance_core::Result<DescribeTableVersionResponse> {
-        call_py_method(self.py_namespace.clone(), "describe_table_version", request).await
-    }
-
-    async fn batch_delete_table_versions(
-        &self,
-        request: BatchDeleteTableVersionsRequest,
-    ) -> lance_core::Result<BatchDeleteTableVersionsResponse> {
-        call_py_method(
-            self.py_namespace.clone(),
-            "batch_delete_table_versions",
-            request,
-        )
-        .await
-    }
-
-    async fn update_table_schema_metadata(
-        &self,
-        request: UpdateTableSchemaMetadataRequest,
-    ) -> lance_core::Result<UpdateTableSchemaMetadataResponse> {
-        call_py_method(
-            self.py_namespace.clone(),
-            "update_table_schema_metadata",
-            request,
-        )
-        .await
-    }
-
-    async fn get_table_stats(
-        &self,
-        request: GetTableStatsRequest,
-    ) -> lance_core::Result<GetTableStatsResponse> {
-        call_py_method(self.py_namespace.clone(), "get_table_stats", request).await
-    }
-
-    async fn explain_table_query_plan(
-        &self,
-        request: ExplainTableQueryPlanRequest,
-    ) -> lance_core::Result<String> {
-        call_py_method_primitive(
-            self.py_namespace.clone(),
-            "explain_table_query_plan",
-            request,
-        )
-        .await
-    }
-
-    async fn analyze_table_query_plan(
-        &self,
-        request: AnalyzeTableQueryPlanRequest,
-    ) -> lance_core::Result<String> {
-        call_py_method_primitive(
-            self.py_namespace.clone(),
-            "analyze_table_query_plan",
-            request,
-        )
-        .await
-    }
-
-    async fn alter_table_add_columns(
-        &self,
-        request: AlterTableAddColumnsRequest,
-    ) -> lance_core::Result<AlterTableAddColumnsResponse> {
-        call_py_method(
-            self.py_namespace.clone(),
-            "alter_table_add_columns",
-            request,
-        )
-        .await
-    }
-
-    async fn alter_table_alter_columns(
-        &self,
-        request: AlterTableAlterColumnsRequest,
-    ) -> lance_core::Result<AlterTableAlterColumnsResponse> {
-        call_py_method(
-            self.py_namespace.clone(),
-            "alter_table_alter_columns",
-            request,
-        )
-        .await
-    }
-
-    async fn alter_table_drop_columns(
-        &self,
-        request: AlterTableDropColumnsRequest,
-    ) -> lance_core::Result<AlterTableDropColumnsResponse> {
-        call_py_method(
-            self.py_namespace.clone(),
-            "alter_table_drop_columns",
-            request,
-        )
-        .await
-    }
-
-    async fn list_table_tags(
-        &self,
-        request: ListTableTagsRequest,
-    ) -> lance_core::Result<ListTableTagsResponse> {
-        call_py_method(self.py_namespace.clone(), "list_table_tags", request).await
-    }
-
-    async fn create_table_tag(
-        &self,
-        request: CreateTableTagRequest,
-    ) -> lance_core::Result<CreateTableTagResponse> {
-        call_py_method(self.py_namespace.clone(), "create_table_tag", request).await
-    }
-
-    async fn delete_table_tag(
-        &self,
-        request: DeleteTableTagRequest,
-    ) -> lance_core::Result<DeleteTableTagResponse> {
-        call_py_method(self.py_namespace.clone(), "delete_table_tag", request).await
-    }
-
-    async fn update_table_tag(
-        &self,
-        request: UpdateTableTagRequest,
-    ) -> lance_core::Result<UpdateTableTagResponse> {
-        call_py_method(self.py_namespace.clone(), "update_table_tag", request).await
-    }
-
-    async fn get_table_tag_version(
-        &self,
-        request: GetTableTagVersionRequest,
-    ) -> lance_core::Result<GetTableTagVersionResponse> {
-        call_py_method(self.py_namespace.clone(), "get_table_tag_version", request).await
-    }
-}
-
-/// Convert Python dict to HashMap<String, String>
-#[allow(dead_code)]
-fn dict_to_hashmap(dict: &Bound<'_, PyDict>) -> PyResult<HashMap<String, String>> {
-    let mut map = HashMap::new();
-    for (key, value) in dict.iter() {
-        let key_str: String = key.extract()?;
-        let value_str: String = value.extract()?;
-        map.insert(key_str, value_str);
-    }
-    Ok(map)
-}
-
-/// Extract an Arc<dyn LanceNamespace> from a Python namespace object.
-///
-/// This function wraps any Python namespace object with PyLanceNamespace.
-/// The PyLanceNamespace wrapper uses DictWithModelDump to pass requests,
-/// which works with both:
-/// - Native namespaces (DirectoryNamespace, RestNamespace) that use depythonize (expects dict)
-/// - Custom Python implementations that call .model_dump() on the request
-pub fn extract_namespace_arc(
-    py: Python<'_>,
-    ns: Py<PyAny>,
-) -> PyResult<Arc<dyn LanceNamespaceTrait>> {
-    let ns_ref = ns.bind(py);
-    PyLanceNamespace::create_arc(py, ns_ref)
-}
-
-/// Create a LanceNamespaceStorageOptionsProvider from a namespace client and table ID.
-///
-/// This creates a Rust storage options provider that fetches credentials from the
-/// namespace's describe_table() method, enabling automatic credential refresh.
-///
-/// # Arguments
-/// * `namespace_client` - The namespace client (wrapped PyLanceNamespace)
-/// * `table_id` - Full table identifier (namespace_path + table_name)
-pub fn create_namespace_storage_options_provider(
-    namespace_client: Arc<dyn LanceNamespaceTrait>,
-    table_id: Vec<String>,
-) -> Arc<dyn StorageOptionsProvider> {
-    Arc::new(LanceNamespaceStorageOptionsProvider::new(
-        namespace_client,
-        table_id,
-    ))
-}
--- a/python/src/permutation.rs
+++ b/python/src/permutation.rs
@@ -16,10 +16,10 @@ use lancedb::{
    query::Select,
 };
 use pyo3::{
-    Bound, PyAny, PyRef, PyRefMut, PyResult, Python,
    exceptions::PyRuntimeError,
    pyclass, pymethods,
    types::{PyAnyMethods, PyDict, PyDictMethods, PyType},
+    Bound, PyAny, PyRef, PyRefMut, PyResult, Python,
 };
 use pyo3_async_runtimes::tokio::future_into_py;

--- a/python/src/query.rs
+++ b/python/src/query.rs
@@ -4,9 +4,9 @@
 use std::sync::Arc;
 use std::time::Duration;

+use arrow::array::make_array;
 use arrow::array::Array;
 use arrow::array::ArrayData;
-use arrow::array::make_array;
 use arrow::pyarrow::FromPyArrow;
 use arrow::pyarrow::IntoPyArrow;
 use arrow::pyarrow::ToPyArrow;
@@ -22,23 +22,25 @@ use lancedb::query::{
    VectorQuery as LanceDbVectorQuery,
 };
 use lancedb::table::AnyQuery;
+use pyo3::prelude::{PyAnyMethods, PyDictMethods};
+use pyo3::pyfunction;
+use pyo3::pymethods;
+use pyo3::types::PyList;
+use pyo3::types::{PyDict, PyString};
 use pyo3::Bound;
 use pyo3::IntoPyObject;
 use pyo3::PyAny;
 use pyo3::PyRef;
 use pyo3::PyResult;
 use pyo3::Python;
-use pyo3::prelude::{PyAnyMethods, PyDictMethods};
-use pyo3::pyfunction;
-use pyo3::pymethods;
-use pyo3::types::PyList;
-use pyo3::types::{PyDict, PyString};
-use pyo3::{FromPyObject, exceptions::PyRuntimeError};
-use pyo3::{PyErr, pyclass};
-use pyo3::{exceptions::PyValueError, intern};
+use pyo3::{exceptions::PyRuntimeError, FromPyObject};
+use pyo3::{
+    exceptions::{PyNotImplementedError, PyValueError},
+    intern,
+};
+use pyo3::{pyclass, PyErr};
 use pyo3_async_runtimes::tokio::future_into_py;

-use crate::expr::PyExpr;
 use crate::util::parse_distance_type;
 use crate::{arrow::RecordBatchStream, util::PyLanceDB};
 use crate::{error::PythonErrorExt, index::class_name};
@@ -314,19 +316,6 @@ impl<'py> IntoPyObject<'py> for PySelect {
            Select::All => Ok(py.None().into_bound(py).into_any()),
            Select::Columns(columns) => Ok(columns.into_pyobject(py)?.into_any()),
            Select::Dynamic(columns) => Ok(columns.into_pyobject(py)?.into_any()),
-            Select::Expr(pairs) => {
-                // Serialize DataFusion Expr -> SQL string so Python sees the same
-                // format as Select::Dynamic: a list of (name, sql_string) tuples.
-                let sql_pairs: PyResult<Vec<(String, String)>> = pairs
-                    .into_iter()
-                    .map(|(name, expr)| {
-                        lancedb::expr::expr_to_sql_string(&expr)
-                            .map(|sql| (name, sql))
-                            .map_err(|e| PyRuntimeError::new_err(e.to_string()))
-                    })
-                    .collect();
-                Ok(sql_pairs?.into_pyobject(py)?.into_any())
-            }
        }
    }
 }
@@ -342,13 +331,9 @@ impl<'py> IntoPyObject<'py> for PyQueryFilter {

    fn into_pyobject(self, py: pyo3::Python<'py>) -> PyResult<Self::Output> {
        match self.0 {
-            QueryFilter::Datafusion(expr) => {
-                // Serialize the DataFusion expression to a SQL string so that
-                // callers (e.g. remote tables) see the same format as Sql.
-                let sql = lancedb::expr::expr_to_sql_string(&expr)
-                    .map_err(|e| PyRuntimeError::new_err(e.to_string()))?;
-                Ok(sql.into_pyobject(py)?.into_any())
-            }
+            QueryFilter::Datafusion(_) => Err(PyNotImplementedError::new_err(
+                "Datafusion filter has no conversion to Python",
+            )),
            QueryFilter::Sql(sql) => Ok(sql.into_pyobject(py)?.into_any()),
            QueryFilter::Substrait(substrait) => Ok(substrait.into_pyobject(py)?.into_any()),
        }
@@ -372,20 +357,10 @@ impl Query {
        self.inner = self.inner.clone().only_if(predicate);
    }

-    pub fn where_expr(&mut self, expr: PyExpr) {
-        self.inner = self.inner.clone().only_if_expr(expr.0);
-    }
-
    pub fn select(&mut self, columns: Vec<(String, String)>) {
        self.inner = self.inner.clone().select(Select::dynamic(&columns));
    }

-    pub fn select_expr(&mut self, columns: Vec<(String, PyExpr)>) {
-        let pairs: Vec<(String, lancedb::expr::DfExpr)> =
-            columns.into_iter().map(|(name, e)| (name, e.0)).collect();
-        self.inner = self.inner.clone().select(Select::Expr(pairs));
-    }
-
    pub fn select_columns(&mut self, columns: Vec<String>) {
        self.inner = self.inner.clone().select(Select::columns(&columns));
    }
@@ -619,20 +594,10 @@ impl FTSQuery {
        self.inner = self.inner.clone().only_if(predicate);
    }

-    pub fn where_expr(&mut self, expr: PyExpr) {
-        self.inner = self.inner.clone().only_if_expr(expr.0);
-    }
-
    pub fn select(&mut self, columns: Vec<(String, String)>) {
        self.inner = self.inner.clone().select(Select::dynamic(&columns));
    }

-    pub fn select_expr(&mut self, columns: Vec<(String, PyExpr)>) {
-        let pairs: Vec<(String, lancedb::expr::DfExpr)> =
-            columns.into_iter().map(|(name, e)| (name, e.0)).collect();
-        self.inner = self.inner.clone().select(Select::Expr(pairs));
-    }
-
    pub fn select_columns(&mut self, columns: Vec<String>) {
        self.inner = self.inner.clone().select(Select::columns(&columns));
    }
@@ -747,10 +712,6 @@ impl VectorQuery {
        self.inner = self.inner.clone().only_if(predicate);
    }

-    pub fn where_expr(&mut self, expr: PyExpr) {
-        self.inner = self.inner.clone().only_if_expr(expr.0);
-    }
-
    pub fn add_query_vector(&mut self, vector: Bound<'_, PyAny>) -> PyResult<()> {
        let data: ArrayData = ArrayData::from_pyarrow_bound(&vector)?;
        let array = make_array(data);
@@ -762,12 +723,6 @@ impl VectorQuery {
        self.inner = self.inner.clone().select(Select::dynamic(&columns));
    }

-    pub fn select_expr(&mut self, columns: Vec<(String, PyExpr)>) {
-        let pairs: Vec<(String, lancedb::expr::DfExpr)> =
-            columns.into_iter().map(|(name, e)| (name, e.0)).collect();
-        self.inner = self.inner.clone().select(Select::Expr(pairs));
-    }
-
    pub fn select_columns(&mut self, columns: Vec<String>) {
        self.inner = self.inner.clone().select(Select::columns(&columns));
    }
@@ -922,21 +877,11 @@ impl HybridQuery {
        self.inner_fts.r#where(predicate);
    }

-    pub fn where_expr(&mut self, expr: PyExpr) {
-        self.inner_vec.where_expr(expr.clone());
-        self.inner_fts.where_expr(expr);
-    }
-
    pub fn select(&mut self, columns: Vec<(String, String)>) {
        self.inner_vec.select(columns.clone());
        self.inner_fts.select(columns);
    }

-    pub fn select_expr(&mut self, columns: Vec<(String, PyExpr)>) {
-        self.inner_vec.select_expr(columns.clone());
-        self.inner_fts.select_expr(columns);
-    }
-
    pub fn select_columns(&mut self, columns: Vec<String>) {
        self.inner_vec.select_columns(columns.clone());
        self.inner_fts.select_columns(columns);
--- a/python/src/session.rs
+++ b/python/src/session.rs
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 use std::sync::Arc;

 use lancedb::{ObjectStoreRegistry, Session as LanceSession};
-use pyo3::{PyResult, pyclass, pymethods};
+use pyo3::{pyclass, pymethods, PyResult};

 /// A session for managing caches and object stores across LanceDB operations.
 ///
--- a/python/src/storage_options.rs
+++ b/python/src/storage_options.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright The LanceDB Authors
+
+//! PyO3 bindings for StorageOptionsProvider
+//!
+//! This module provides the bridge between Python StorageOptionsProvider objects
+//! and Rust's StorageOptionsProvider trait, enabling automatic credential refresh.
+
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+use std::sync::Arc;
+
+use async_trait::async_trait;
+use lance_io::object_store::StorageOptionsProvider;
+use pyo3::prelude::*;
+use pyo3::types::PyDict;
+
+/// Internal wrapper around a Python object implementing StorageOptionsProvider
+pub struct PyStorageOptionsProvider {
+    /// The Python object implementing fetch_storage_options()
+    inner: Py<PyAny>,
+}
+
+impl Clone for PyStorageOptionsProvider {
+    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
+        Python::attach(|py| Self {
+            inner: self.inner.clone_ref(py),
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+impl PyStorageOptionsProvider {
+    pub fn new(obj: Py<PyAny>) -> PyResult<Self> {
+        Python::attach(|py| {
+            // Verify the object has a fetch_storage_options method
+            if !obj.bind(py).hasattr("fetch_storage_options")? {
+                return Err(pyo3::exceptions::PyTypeError::new_err(
+                    "StorageOptionsProvider must implement fetch_storage_options() method",
+                ));
+            }
+            Ok(Self { inner: obj })
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+/// Wrapper that implements the Rust StorageOptionsProvider trait
+pub struct PyStorageOptionsProviderWrapper {
+    py_provider: PyStorageOptionsProvider,
+}
+
+impl PyStorageOptionsProviderWrapper {
+    pub fn new(py_provider: PyStorageOptionsProvider) -> Self {
+        Self { py_provider }
+    }
+}
+
+#[async_trait]
+impl StorageOptionsProvider for PyStorageOptionsProviderWrapper {
+    async fn fetch_storage_options(&self) -> lance_core::Result<Option<HashMap<String, String>>> {
+        // Call Python method from async context using spawn_blocking
+        let py_provider = self.py_provider.clone();
+
+        tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
+            Python::attach(|py| {
+                // Call the Python fetch_storage_options method
+                let result = py_provider
+                    .inner
+                    .bind(py)
+                    .call_method0("fetch_storage_options")
+                    .map_err(|e| lance_core::Error::IO {
+                        source: Box::new(std::io::Error::other(format!(
+                            "Failed to call fetch_storage_options: {}",
+                            e
+                        ))),
+                        location: snafu::location!(),
+                    })?;
+
+                // If result is None, return None
+                if result.is_none() {
+                    return Ok(None);
+                }
+
+                // Extract the result dict - should be a flat Map<String, String>
+                let result_dict = result.downcast::<PyDict>().map_err(|_| {
+                    lance_core::Error::InvalidInput {
+                        source: "fetch_storage_options() must return None or a dict of string key-value pairs".into(),
+                        location: snafu::location!(),
+                    }
+                })?;
+
+                // Convert all entries to HashMap<String, String>
+                let mut storage_options = HashMap::new();
+                for (key, value) in result_dict.iter() {
+                    let key_str: String = key.extract().map_err(|e| {
+                        lance_core::Error::InvalidInput {
+                            source: format!("Storage option key must be a string: {}", e).into(),
+                            location: snafu::location!(),
+                        }
+                    })?;
+                    let value_str: String = value.extract().map_err(|e| {
+                        lance_core::Error::InvalidInput {
+                            source: format!("Storage option value must be a string: {}", e).into(),
+                            location: snafu::location!(),
+                        }
+                    })?;
+                    storage_options.insert(key_str, value_str);
+                }
+
+                Ok(Some(storage_options))
+            })
+        })
+        .await
+        .map_err(|e| lance_core::Error::IO {
+            source: Box::new(std::io::Error::other(format!(
+                "Task join error: {}",
+                e
+            ))),
+            location: snafu::location!(),
+        })?
+    }
+
+    fn provider_id(&self) -> String {
+        Python::attach(|py| {
+            // Call provider_id() method on the Python object
+            let obj = self.py_provider.inner.bind(py);
+            obj.call_method0("provider_id")
+                .and_then(|result| result.extract::<String>())
+                .unwrap_or_else(|e| {
+                    // If provider_id() fails, construct a fallback ID
+                    format!("PyStorageOptionsProvider(error: {})", e)
+                })
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+impl std::fmt::Debug for PyStorageOptionsProviderWrapper {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        write!(f, "PyStorageOptionsProviderWrapper({})", self.provider_id())
+    }
+}
+
+/// Convert a Python object to an Arc<dyn StorageOptionsProvider>
+///
+/// This is the main entry point for converting Python StorageOptionsProvider objects
+/// to Rust trait objects that can be used by the Lance ecosystem.
+pub fn py_object_to_storage_options_provider(
+    py_obj: Py<PyAny>,
+) -> PyResult<Arc<dyn StorageOptionsProvider>> {
+    let py_provider = PyStorageOptionsProvider::new(py_obj)?;
+    Ok(Arc::new(PyStorageOptionsProviderWrapper::new(py_provider)))
+}
--- a/python/src/table.rs
+++ b/python/src/table.rs
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ use std::{collections::HashMap, sync::Arc};
 use crate::{
    connection::Connection,
    error::PythonErrorExt,
-    index::{IndexConfig, extract_index_params},
+    index::{extract_index_params, IndexConfig},
    query::{Query, TakeQuery},
    table::scannable::PyScannable,
 };
@@ -19,10 +19,10 @@ use lancedb::table::{
    Table as LanceDbTable,
 };
 use pyo3::{
-    Bound, FromPyObject, Py, PyAny, PyRef, PyResult, Python,
    exceptions::{PyKeyError, PyRuntimeError, PyValueError},
    pyclass, pymethods,
    types::{IntoPyDict, PyAnyMethods, PyDict, PyDictMethods},
+    Bound, FromPyObject, PyAny, PyRef, PyResult, Python,
 };
 use pyo3_async_runtimes::tokio::future_into_py;

@@ -112,24 +112,19 @@ impl From<lancedb::table::AddResult> for AddResult {
 #[pyclass(get_all)]
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
 pub struct DeleteResult {
-    pub num_deleted_rows: u64,
    pub version: u64,
 }

 #[pymethods]
 impl DeleteResult {
    pub fn __repr__(&self) -> String {
-        format!(
-            "DeleteResult(num_deleted_rows={}, version={})",
-            self.num_deleted_rows, self.version
-        )
+        format!("DeleteResult(version={})", self.version)
    }
 }

 impl From<lancedb::table::DeleteResult> for DeleteResult {
    fn from(result: lancedb::table::DeleteResult) -> Self {
        Self {
-            num_deleted_rows: result.num_deleted_rows,
            version: result.version,
        }
    }
@@ -299,12 +294,10 @@ impl Table {
        })
    }

-    #[pyo3(signature = (data, mode, progress=None))]
    pub fn add<'a>(
        self_: PyRef<'a, Self>,
        data: PyScannable,
        mode: String,
-        progress: Option<Py<PyAny>>,
    ) -> PyResult<Bound<'a, PyAny>> {
        let mut op = self_.inner_ref()?.add(data);
        if mode == "append" {
@@ -314,81 +307,6 @@ impl Table {
        } else {
            return Err(PyValueError::new_err(format!("Invalid mode: {}", mode)));
        }
-        if let Some(progress_obj) = progress {
-            let is_callable = Python::attach(|py| progress_obj.bind(py).is_callable());
-            if is_callable {
-                // Callback: call with a dict of progress info.
-                op = op.progress(move |p| {
-                    Python::attach(|py| {
-                        let dict = PyDict::new(py);
-                        if let Err(e) = dict
-                            .set_item("output_rows", p.output_rows())
-                            .and_then(|_| dict.set_item("output_bytes", p.output_bytes()))
-                            .and_then(|_| dict.set_item("total_rows", p.total_rows()))
-                            .and_then(|_| {
-                                dict.set_item("elapsed_seconds", p.elapsed().as_secs_f64())
-                            })
-                            .and_then(|_| dict.set_item("active_tasks", p.active_tasks()))
-                            .and_then(|_| dict.set_item("total_tasks", p.total_tasks()))
-                            .and_then(|_| dict.set_item("done", p.done()))
-                        {
-                            log::warn!("progress dict error: {e}");
-                            return;
-                        }
-                        if let Err(e) = progress_obj.call1(py, (dict,)) {
-                            log::warn!("progress callback error: {e}");
-                        }
-                    });
-                });
-            } else {
-                // tqdm-like: has update() method.
-                let mut last_rows: usize = 0;
-                let mut total_set = false;
-                op = op.progress(move |p| {
-                    let current = p.output_rows();
-                    let prev = last_rows;
-                    last_rows = current;
-                    Python::attach(|py| {
-                        if let Some(total) = p.total_rows()
-                            && !total_set
-                        {
-                            if let Err(e) = progress_obj.setattr(py, "total", total) {
-                                log::warn!("progress setattr error: {e}");
-                            }
-                            total_set = true;
-                        }
-                        let delta = current.saturating_sub(prev);
-                        if delta > 0 {
-                            if let Err(e) = progress_obj.call_method1(py, "update", (delta,)) {
-                                log::warn!("progress update error: {e}");
-                            }
-                            // Show throughput and active workers in tqdm postfix.
-                            let elapsed = p.elapsed().as_secs_f64();
-                            if elapsed > 0.0 {
-                                let mb_per_sec = p.output_bytes() as f64 / elapsed / 1_000_000.0;
-                                let postfix = format!(
-                                    "{:.1} MB/s | {}/{} workers",
-                                    mb_per_sec,
-                                    p.active_tasks(),
-                                    p.total_tasks()
-                                );
-                                if let Err(e) =
-                                    progress_obj.call_method1(py, "set_postfix_str", (postfix,))
-                                {
-                                    log::warn!("progress set_postfix_str error: {e}");
-                                }
-                            }
-                        }
-                        if p.done() {
-                            // Force a final refresh so the bar shows completion.
-                            if let Err(e) = progress_obj.call_method0(py, "refresh") {
-                                log::warn!("progress refresh error: {e}");
-                            }
-                        }
-                    });
-                });
-            }
-        }

        future_into_py(self_.py(), async move {
            let result = op.execute().await.infer_error()?;
@@ -503,17 +421,6 @@ impl Table {
        })
    }

-    pub fn prewarm_data(
-        self_: PyRef<'_, Self>,
-        columns: Option<Vec<String>>,
-    ) -> PyResult<Bound<'_, PyAny>> {
-        let inner = self_.inner_ref()?.clone();
-        future_into_py(self_.py(), async move {
-            inner.prewarm_data(columns).await.infer_error()?;
-            Ok(())
-        })
-    }
-
    pub fn list_indices(self_: PyRef<'_, Self>) -> PyResult<Bound<'_, PyAny>> {
        let inner = self_.inner_ref()?.clone();
        future_into_py(self_.py(), async move {
@@ -630,7 +537,7 @@ impl Table {
        let inner = self_.inner_ref()?.clone();
        future_into_py(self_.py(), async move {
            let versions = inner.list_versions().await.infer_error()?;
-            Python::attach(|py| {
+            let versions_as_dict = Python::attach(|py| {
                versions
                    .iter()
                    .map(|v| {
@@ -647,7 +554,9 @@ impl Table {
                        Ok(dict.unbind())
                    })
                    .collect::<PyResult<Vec<_>>>()
-            })
+            });
+
+            versions_as_dict
        })
    }

--- a/python/src/table/scannable.rs
+++ b/python/src/table/scannable.rs
@@ -10,11 +10,11 @@ use arrow::{
 };
 use futures::StreamExt;
 use lancedb::{
-    Error,
    arrow::{SendableRecordBatchStream, SimpleRecordBatchStream},
    data::scannable::Scannable,
+    Error,
 };
-use pyo3::{FromPyObject, Py, PyAny, Python, types::PyAnyMethods};
+use pyo3::{types::PyAnyMethods, FromPyObject, Py, PyAny, Python};

 /// Adapter that implements Scannable for a Python reader factory callable.
 ///
@@ -99,15 +99,15 @@ impl Scannable for PyScannable {
                        // Channel closed. Check if the task panicked — a panic
                        // drops the sender without sending an error, so without
                        // this check we'd silently return a truncated stream.
-                        if let Some(handle) = join_handle
-                            && let Err(join_err) = handle.await
-                        {
-                            return Some((
-                                Err(Error::Runtime {
-                                    message: format!("Reader task panicked: {}", join_err),
-                                }),
-                                (rx, None),
-                            ));
+                        if let Some(handle) = join_handle {
+                            if let Err(join_err) = handle.await {
+                                return Some((
+                                    Err(Error::Runtime {
+                                        message: format!("Reader task panicked: {}", join_err),
+                                    }),
+                                    (rx, None),
+                                ));
+                            }
                        }
                        None
                    }
--- a/python/src/util.rs
+++ b/python/src/util.rs
@@ -5,9 +5,8 @@ use std::sync::Mutex;

 use lancedb::DistanceType;
 use pyo3::{
-    PyResult,
    exceptions::{PyRuntimeError, PyValueError},
-    pyfunction,
+    pyfunction, PyResult,
 };

 /// A wrapper around a rust builder
--- a/python/tests/test_expr.py
+++ b/python/tests/test_expr.py
@@ -1,387 +0,0 @@
-# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright The LanceDB Authors
-
-"""Tests for the type-safe expression builder API."""
-
-import pytest
-import pyarrow as pa
-import lancedb
-from lancedb.expr import Expr, col, lit, func
-
-
-# ── unit tests for Expr construction ─────────────────────────────────────────
-
-
-class TestExprConstruction:
-    def test_col_returns_expr(self):
-        e = col("age")
-        assert isinstance(e, Expr)
-
-    def test_lit_int(self):
-        e = lit(42)
-        assert isinstance(e, Expr)
-
-    def test_lit_float(self):
-        e = lit(3.14)
-        assert isinstance(e, Expr)
-
-    def test_lit_str(self):
-        e = lit("hello")
-        assert isinstance(e, Expr)
-
-    def test_lit_bool(self):
-        e = lit(True)
-        assert isinstance(e, Expr)
-
-    def test_lit_unsupported_type_raises(self):
-        with pytest.raises(Exception):
-            lit([1, 2, 3])
-
-    def test_func(self):
-        e = func("lower", col("name"))
-        assert isinstance(e, Expr)
-        assert e.to_sql() == "lower(name)"
-
-    def test_func_unknown_raises(self):
-        with pytest.raises(Exception):
-            func("not_a_real_function", col("x"))
-
-
-class TestExprOperators:
-    def test_eq_operator(self):
-        e = col("x") == lit(1)
-        assert isinstance(e, Expr)
-        assert e.to_sql() == "(x = 1)"
-
-    def test_ne_operator(self):
-        e = col("x") != lit(1)
-        assert isinstance(e, Expr)
-        assert e.to_sql() == "(x <> 1)"
-
-    def test_lt_operator(self):
-        e = col("age") < lit(18)
-        assert isinstance(e, Expr)
-        assert e.to_sql() == "(age < 18)"
-
-    def test_le_operator(self):
-        e = col("age") <= lit(18)
-        assert isinstance(e, Expr)
-        assert e.to_sql() == "(age <= 18)"
-
-    def test_gt_operator(self):
-        e = col("age") > lit(18)
-        assert isinstance(e, Expr)
-        assert e.to_sql() == "(age > 18)"
-
-    def test_ge_operator(self):
-        e = col("age") >= lit(18)
-        assert isinstance(e, Expr)
-        assert e.to_sql() == "(age >= 18)"
-
-    def test_and_operator(self):
-        e = (col("age") > lit(18)) & (col("status") == lit("active"))
-        assert isinstance(e, Expr)
-        assert e.to_sql() == "((age > 18) AND (status = 'active'))"
-
-    def test_or_operator(self):
-        e = (col("a") == lit(1)) | (col("b") == lit(2))
-        assert isinstance(e, Expr)
-        assert e.to_sql() == "((a = 1) OR (b = 2))"
-
-    def test_invert_operator(self):
-        e = ~(col("active") == lit(True))
-        assert isinstance(e, Expr)
-        assert e.to_sql() == "NOT (active = true)"
-
-    def test_add_operator(self):
-        e = col("x") + lit(1)
-        assert isinstance(e, Expr)
-        assert e.to_sql() == "(x + 1)"
-
-    def test_sub_operator(self):
-        e = col("x") - lit(1)
-        assert isinstance(e, Expr)
-        assert e.to_sql() == "(x - 1)"
-
-    def test_mul_operator(self):
-        e = col("price") * lit(1.1)
-        assert isinstance(e, Expr)
-        assert e.to_sql() == "(price * 1.1)"
-
-    def test_div_operator(self):
-        e = col("total") / lit(2)
-        assert isinstance(e, Expr)
-        assert e.to_sql() == "(total / 2)"
-
-    def test_radd(self):
-        e = lit(1) + col("x")
-        assert isinstance(e, Expr)
-        assert e.to_sql() == "(1 + x)"
-
-    def test_rmul(self):
-        e = lit(2) * col("x")
-        assert isinstance(e, Expr)
-        assert e.to_sql() == "(2 * x)"
-
-    def test_coerce_plain_int(self):
-        # Operators should auto-wrap plain Python values via lit()
-        e = col("age") > 18
-        assert isinstance(e, Expr)
-        assert e.to_sql() == "(age > 18)"
-
-    def test_coerce_plain_str(self):
-        e = col("name") == "alice"
-        assert isinstance(e, Expr)
-        assert e.to_sql() == "(name = 'alice')"
-
-
-class TestExprStringMethods:
-    def test_lower(self):
-        e = col("name").lower()
-        assert isinstance(e, Expr)
-        assert e.to_sql() == "lower(name)"
-
-    def test_upper(self):
-        e = col("name").upper()
-        assert isinstance(e, Expr)
-        assert e.to_sql() == "upper(name)"
-
-    def test_contains(self):
-        e = col("text").contains(lit("hello"))
-        assert isinstance(e, Expr)
-        assert e.to_sql() == "contains(text, 'hello')"
-
-    def test_contains_with_str_coerce(self):
-        e = col("text").contains("hello")
-        assert isinstance(e, Expr)
-        assert e.to_sql() == "contains(text, 'hello')"
-
-    def test_chained_lower_eq(self):
-        e = col("name").lower() == lit("alice")
-        assert isinstance(e, Expr)
-        assert e.to_sql() == "(lower(name) = 'alice')"
-
-
-class TestExprCast:
-    def test_cast_string(self):
-        e = col("id").cast("string")
-        assert isinstance(e, Expr)
-        assert e.to_sql() == "CAST(id AS VARCHAR)"
-
-    def test_cast_int32(self):
-        e = col("score").cast("int32")
-        assert isinstance(e, Expr)
-        assert e.to_sql() == "CAST(score AS INTEGER)"
-
-    def test_cast_float64(self):
-        e = col("val").cast("float64")
-        assert isinstance(e, Expr)
-        assert e.to_sql() == "CAST(val AS DOUBLE)"
-
-    def test_cast_pyarrow_type(self):
-        e = col("score").cast(pa.int32())
-        assert isinstance(e, Expr)
-        assert e.to_sql() == "CAST(score AS INTEGER)"
-
-    def test_cast_pyarrow_float64(self):
-        e = col("val").cast(pa.float64())
-        assert isinstance(e, Expr)
-        assert e.to_sql() == "CAST(val AS DOUBLE)"
-
-    def test_cast_pyarrow_string(self):
-        e = col("id").cast(pa.string())
-        assert isinstance(e, Expr)
-        assert e.to_sql() == "CAST(id AS VARCHAR)"
-
-    def test_cast_pyarrow_and_string_equivalent(self):
-        # pa.int32() and "int32" should produce equivalent SQL
-        sql_str = col("x").cast("int32").to_sql()
-        sql_pa = col("x").cast(pa.int32()).to_sql()
-        assert sql_str == sql_pa
-
-
-class TestExprNamedMethods:
-    def test_eq_method(self):
-        e = col("x").eq(lit(1))
-        assert isinstance(e, Expr)
-        assert e.to_sql() == "(x = 1)"
-
-    def test_gt_method(self):
-        e = col("x").gt(lit(0))
-        assert isinstance(e, Expr)
-        assert e.to_sql() == "(x > 0)"
-
-    def test_and_method(self):
-        e = col("x").gt(lit(0)).and_(col("y").lt(lit(10)))
-        assert isinstance(e, Expr)
-        assert e.to_sql() == "((x > 0) AND (y < 10))"
-
-    def test_or_method(self):
-        e = col("x").eq(lit(1)).or_(col("x").eq(lit(2)))
-        assert isinstance(e, Expr)
-        assert e.to_sql() == "((x = 1) OR (x = 2))"
-
-
-class TestExprRepr:
-    def test_repr(self):
-        e = col("age") > lit(18)
-        assert repr(e) == "Expr((age > 18))"
-
-    def test_to_sql(self):
-        e = col("age") > 18
-        assert e.to_sql() == "(age > 18)"
-
-    def test_unhashable(self):
-        e = col("x")
-        with pytest.raises(TypeError):
-            {e: 1}
-
-
-# ── integration tests: end-to-end query against a real table ─────────────────
-
-
-@pytest.fixture
-def simple_table(tmp_path):
-    db = lancedb.connect(str(tmp_path))
-    data = pa.table(
-        {
-            "id": [1, 2, 3, 4, 5],
-            "name": ["Alice", "Bob", "Charlie", "alice", "BOB"],
-            "age": [25, 17, 30, 22, 15],
-            "score": [1.5, 2.0, 3.5, 4.0, 0.5],
-        }
-    )
-    return db.create_table("test", data)
-
-
-class TestExprFilter:
-    def test_simple_gt_filter(self, simple_table):
-        result = simple_table.search().where(col("age") > lit(20)).to_arrow()
-        assert result.num_rows == 3  # ages 25, 30, 22
-
-    def test_compound_and_filter(self, simple_table):
-        result = (
-            simple_table.search()
-            .where((col("age") > lit(18)) & (col("score") > lit(2.0)))
-            .to_arrow()
-        )
-        assert result.num_rows == 2  # (30, 3.5) and (22, 4.0)
-
-    def test_string_equality_filter(self, simple_table):
-        result = simple_table.search().where(col("name") == lit("Bob")).to_arrow()
-        assert result.num_rows == 1
-
-    def test_or_filter(self, simple_table):
-        result = (
-            simple_table.search()
-            .where((col("age") < lit(18)) | (col("age") > lit(28)))
-            .to_arrow()
-        )
-        assert result.num_rows == 3  # ages 17, 30, 15
-
-    def test_coercion_no_lit(self, simple_table):
-        # Python values should be auto-coerced
-        result = simple_table.search().where(col("age") > 20).to_arrow()
-        assert result.num_rows == 3
-
-    def test_string_sql_still_works(self, simple_table):
-        # Backwards compatibility: plain strings still accepted
-        result = simple_table.search().where("age > 20").to_arrow()
-        assert result.num_rows == 3
-
-
-class TestExprProjection:
-    def test_select_with_expr(self, simple_table):
-        result = (
-            simple_table.search()
-            .select({"double_score": col("score") * lit(2)})
-            .to_arrow()
-        )
-        assert "double_score" in result.schema.names
-
-    def test_select_mixed_str_and_expr(self, simple_table):
-        result = (
-            simple_table.search()
-            .select({"id": "id", "double_score": col("score") * lit(2)})
-            .to_arrow()
-        )
-        assert "id" in result.schema.names
-        assert "double_score" in result.schema.names
-
-    def test_select_list_of_columns(self, simple_table):
-        # Plain list of str still works
-        result = simple_table.search().select(["id", "name"]).to_arrow()
-        assert result.schema.names == ["id", "name"]
-
-
-# ── column name edge cases ────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-
-
-class TestColNaming:
-    """Unit tests verifying that col() preserves identifiers exactly.
-
-    Identifiers that need quoting (camelCase, spaces, leading digits, unicode)
-    are wrapped in backticks to match the lance SQL parser's dialect.
-    """
-
-    def test_camel_case_preserved_in_sql(self):
-        # camelCase is quoted with backticks so the case round-trips correctly.
-        assert col("firstName").to_sql() == "`firstName`"
-
-    def test_camel_case_in_expression(self):
-        assert (col("firstName") > lit(18)).to_sql() == "(`firstName` > 18)"
-
-    def test_space_in_name_quoted(self):
-        assert col("first name").to_sql() == "`first name`"
-
-    def test_space_in_expression(self):
-        assert (col("first name") == lit("A")).to_sql() == "(`first name` = 'A')"
-
-    def test_leading_digit_quoted(self):
-        assert col("2fast").to_sql() == "`2fast`"
-
-    def test_unicode_quoted(self):
-        assert col("名前").to_sql() == "`名前`"
-
-    def test_snake_case_unquoted(self):
-        # Plain snake_case needs no quoting.
-        assert col("first_name").to_sql() == "first_name"
-
-
-@pytest.fixture
-def special_col_table(tmp_path):
-    db = lancedb.connect(str(tmp_path))
-    data = pa.table(
-        {
-            "firstName": ["Alice", "Bob", "Charlie"],
-            "first name": ["A", "B", "C"],
-            "score": [10, 20, 30],
-        }
-    )
-    return db.create_table("special", data)
-
-
-class TestColNamingIntegration:
-    def test_camel_case_filter(self, special_col_table):
-        result = (
-            special_col_table.search()
-            .where(col("firstName") == lit("Alice"))
-            .to_arrow()
-        )
-        assert result.num_rows == 1
-        assert result["firstName"][0].as_py() == "Alice"
-
-    def test_space_in_col_filter(self, special_col_table):
-        result = (
-            special_col_table.search().where(col("first name") == lit("B")).to_arrow()
-        )
-        assert result.num_rows == 1
-
-    def test_camel_case_projection(self, special_col_table):
-        result = (
-            special_col_table.search()
-            .select({"upper_name": col("firstName").upper()})
-            .to_arrow()
-        )
-        assert "upper_name" in result.schema.names
-        assert sorted(result["upper_name"].to_pylist()) == ["ALICE", "BOB", "CHARLIE"]
--- a/python/uv.lock
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 [[package]]
@@ -3770,7 +3767,7 @@ crypto = [

 [[package]]
 name = "pylance"
-version = "4.0.0"
+version = "2.0.0"
 source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
 dependencies = [
    { name = "lance-namespace" },
@@ -3779,12 +3776,12 @@ dependencies = [
    { name = "pyarrow" },
 ]
 wheels = [
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 ]

 [[package]]
--- a/rust/lancedb/Cargo.toml
+++ b/rust/lancedb/Cargo.toml
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [package]
 name = "lancedb"
-version = "0.27.2"
+version = "0.27.0-beta.2"
 edition.workspace = true
 description = "LanceDB: A serverless, low-latency vector database for AI applications"
 license.workspace = true
@@ -25,9 +25,9 @@ datafusion-catalog.workspace = true
 datafusion-common.workspace = true
 datafusion-execution.workspace = true
 datafusion-expr.workspace = true
-datafusion-functions.workspace = true
+datafusion-functions = "52.1.0"
 datafusion-physical-expr.workspace = true
-datafusion-sql.workspace = true
+datafusion-sql = "52.1.0"
 datafusion-physical-plan.workspace = true
 datafusion.workspace = true
 object_store = { workspace = true }
--- a/rust/lancedb/README.md
+++ b/rust/lancedb/README.md
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# LanceDB Rust SDK
+# LanceDB Rust

 <a href="https://crates.io/crates/vectordb">![img](https://img.shields.io/crates/v/vectordb)</a>
 <a href="https://docs.rs/vectordb/latest/vectordb/">![Docs.rs](https://img.shields.io/docsrs/vectordb)</a>
--- a/rust/lancedb/examples/bedrock.rs
+++ b/rust/lancedb/examples/bedrock.rs
@@ -9,9 +9,10 @@ use aws_config::Region;
 use aws_sdk_bedrockruntime::Client;
 use futures::StreamExt;
 use lancedb::{
-    Result, connect,
-    embeddings::{EmbeddingDefinition, EmbeddingFunction, bedrock::BedrockEmbeddingFunction},
+    connect,
+    embeddings::{bedrock::BedrockEmbeddingFunction, EmbeddingDefinition, EmbeddingFunction},
    query::{ExecutableQuery, QueryBase},
+    Result,
 };

 #[tokio::main]
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More