[maven-release-plugin] prepare for next development iteration

this was causing unrelated PR's to fail.
https://github.com/lancedb/lancedb/actions/runs/9274579178/job/25517248069?pr=1308

.bumpversion.cfg

@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-[bumpversion]
-current_version = 0.4.19
-commit = True
-message = Bump version: {current_version} → {new_version}
-tag = True
-tag_name = v{new_version}
-
-[bumpversion:file:node/package.json]
-
-[bumpversion:file:nodejs/package.json]
-
-[bumpversion:file:nodejs/npm/darwin-x64/package.json]
-
-[bumpversion:file:nodejs/npm/darwin-arm64/package.json]
-
-[bumpversion:file:nodejs/npm/linux-x64-gnu/package.json]
-
-[bumpversion:file:nodejs/npm/linux-arm64-gnu/package.json]
-
-[bumpversion:file:rust/ffi/node/Cargo.toml]
-
-[bumpversion:file:rust/lancedb/Cargo.toml]

.bumpversion.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+[tool.bumpversion]
+current_version = "0.5.0"
+parse = """(?x)
+    (?P<major>0|[1-9]\\d*)\\.
+    (?P<minor>0|[1-9]\\d*)\\.
+    (?P<patch>0|[1-9]\\d*)
+    (?:-(?P<pre_l>[a-zA-Z-]+)\\.(?P<pre_n>0|[1-9]\\d*))?
+"""
+serialize = [
+    "{major}.{minor}.{patch}-{pre_l}.{pre_n}",
+    "{major}.{minor}.{patch}",
+]
+search = "{current_version}"
+replace = "{new_version}"
+regex = false
+ignore_missing_version = false
+ignore_missing_files = false
+tag = true
+sign_tags = false
+tag_name = "v{new_version}"
+tag_message = "Bump version: {current_version} → {new_version}"
+allow_dirty = true
+commit = true
+message = "Bump version: {current_version} → {new_version}"
+commit_args = ""
+
+[tool.bumpversion.parts.pre_l]
+values = ["beta", "final"]
+optional_value = "final"
+
+[[tool.bumpversion.files]]
+filename = "node/package.json"
+search = "\"version\": \"{current_version}\","
+replace = "\"version\": \"{new_version}\","
+
+[[tool.bumpversion.files]]
+filename = "nodejs/package.json"
+search = "\"version\": \"{current_version}\","
+replace = "\"version\": \"{new_version}\","
+
+# nodejs binary packages
+[[tool.bumpversion.files]]
+glob = "nodejs/npm/*/package.json"
+search = "\"version\": \"{current_version}\","
+replace = "\"version\": \"{new_version}\","
+
+# Cargo files
+# ------------
+[[tool.bumpversion.files]]
+filename = "rust/ffi/node/Cargo.toml"
+search = "\nversion = \"{current_version}\""
+replace = "\nversion = \"{new_version}\""
+
+[[tool.bumpversion.files]]
+filename = "rust/lancedb/Cargo.toml"
+search = "\nversion = \"{current_version}\""
+replace = "\nversion = \"{new_version}\""

.github/labeler.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+version: 1
+appendOnly: true
+# Labels are applied based on conventional commits standard
+# https://www.conventionalcommits.org/en/v1.0.0/
+# These labels are later used in release notes. See .github/release.yml
+labels:
+# If the PR title has an ! before the : it will be considered a breaking change
+# For example, `feat!: add new feature` will be considered a breaking change
+- label: breaking-change
+  title: "^[^:]+!:.*"
+- label: breaking-change
+  body: "BREAKING CHANGE"
+- label: enhancement
+  title: "^feat(\\(.+\\))?!?:.*"
+- label: bug
+  title: "^fix(\\(.+\\))?!?:.*"
+- label: documentation
+  title: "^docs(\\(.+\\))?!?:.*"
+- label: performance
+  title: "^perf(\\(.+\\))?!?:.*"
+- label: ci
+  title: "^ci(\\(.+\\))?!?:.*"
+- label: chore
+  title: "^(chore|test|build|style)(\\(.+\\))?!?:.*"
+- label: Python
+  files:
+    - "^python\\/.*"
+- label: Rust
+  files:
+    - "^rust\\/.*"
+- label: typescript
+  files:
+    - "^node\\/.*"

.github/release_notes.json

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+{
+    "ignore_labels": ["chore"],
+    "pr_template": "- ${{TITLE}} by @${{AUTHOR}} in ${{URL}}",
+    "categories": [
+        {
+            "title": "## 🏆 Highlights",
+            "labels": ["highlight"]
+        },
+        {
+            "title": "## 🛠 Breaking Changes",
+            "labels": ["breaking-change"]
+        },
+        {
+            "title": "## ⚠️ Deprecations ",
+            "labels": ["deprecation"]
+        },
+        {
+            "title": "## 🎉 New Features",
+            "labels": ["enhancement"]
+        },
+        {
+            "title": "## 🐛 Bug Fixes",
+            "labels": ["bug"]
+        },
+        {
+            "title": "## 📚 Documentation",
+            "labels": ["documentation"]
+        },
+        {
+            "title": "## 🚀 Performance Improvements",
+            "labels": ["performance"]
+        },
+        {
+            "title": "## Other Changes"
+        },
+        {
+            "title": "## 🔧 Build and CI",
+            "labels": ["ci"]
+        }
+    ]
+}

.github/workflows/cargo-publish.yml

@@ -1,8 +1,12 @@
 name: Cargo Publish
 
 on:
-  release:
-    types: [ published ]
+  push:
+    tags-ignore:
+      # We don't publish pre-releases for Rust. Crates.io is just a source
+      # distribution, so we don't need to publish pre-releases.
+      - 'v*-beta*'
+      - '*-v*' # for example, python-vX.Y.Z
 
 env:
   # This env var is used by Swatinem/rust-cache@v2 for the cache

.github/workflows/dev.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+name: PR Checks
+
+on:
+  pull_request_target:
+    types: [opened, edited, synchronize, reopened]
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.event.pull_request.number || github.ref }}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+
+jobs:
+  labeler:
+    permissions:
+      pull-requests: write
+    name: Label PR
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: srvaroa/labeler@master
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+  commitlint:
+    permissions:
+      pull-requests: write
+    name: Verify PR title / description conforms to semantic-release
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/setup-node@v3
+        with:
+          node-version: "18"
+      # These rules are disabled because Github will always ensure there
+      # is a blank line between the title and the body and Github will
+      # word wrap the description field to ensure a reasonable max line
+      # length.
+      - run: npm install @commitlint/config-conventional
+      - run: >
+          echo 'module.exports = {
+            "rules": {
+              "body-max-line-length": [0, "always", Infinity],
+              "footer-max-line-length": [0, "always", Infinity],
+              "body-leading-blank": [0, "always"]
+            }
+          }' > .commitlintrc.js
+      - run: npx commitlint --extends @commitlint/config-conventional --verbose <<< $COMMIT_MSG
+        env:
+          COMMIT_MSG: >
+            ${{ github.event.pull_request.title }}
+
+            ${{ github.event.pull_request.body }}
+      - if: failure()
+        uses: actions/github-script@v6
+        with:
+          script: |
+            const message = `**ACTION NEEDED**
+              
+              Lance follows the [Conventional Commits specification](https://www.conventionalcommits.org/en/v1.0.0/) for release automation.
+
+              The PR title and description are used as the merge commit message.\
+              Please update your PR title and description to match the specification.
+
+              For details on the error please inspect the "PR Title Check" action.
+              `
+            // Get list of current comments
+            const comments = await github.paginate(github.rest.issues.listComments, {
+              owner: context.repo.owner,
+              repo: context.repo.repo,
+              issue_number: context.issue.number
+            });
+            // Check if this job already commented
+            for (const comment of comments) {
+              if (comment.body === message) {
+                return // Already commented
+              }
+            }
+            // Post the comment about Conventional Commits
+            github.rest.issues.createComment({
+              owner: context.repo.owner,
+              repo: context.repo.repo,
+              issue_number: context.issue.number,
+              body: message
+            })
+            core.setFailed(message)

.github/workflows/java.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+name: Build and Run Java JNI Tests
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - main
+  pull_request:
+    paths:
+      - java/**
+      - rust/**
+      - .github/workflows/java.yml
+env:
+  # This env var is used by Swatinem/rust-cache@v2 for the cache
+  # key, so we set it to make sure it is always consistent.
+  CARGO_TERM_COLOR: always
+  # Disable full debug symbol generation to speed up CI build and keep memory down
+  # "1" means line tables only, which is useful for panic tracebacks.
+  RUSTFLAGS: "-C debuginfo=1"
+  RUST_BACKTRACE: "1"
+  # according to: https://matklad.github.io/2021/09/04/fast-rust-builds.html
+  # CI builds are faster with incremental disabled.
+  CARGO_INCREMENTAL: "0"
+  CARGO_BUILD_JOBS: "1"
+jobs:
+  linux-build:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+    name: ubuntu-22.04 + Java 11 & 17
+    defaults:
+      run:
+        working-directory: ./java
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
+        with:
+          workspaces: java/core/lancedb-jni
+      - name: Run cargo fmt
+        run: cargo fmt --check
+        working-directory: ./java/core/lancedb-jni
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: |
+          sudo apt update
+          sudo apt install -y protobuf-compiler libssl-dev
+      - name: Install Java 17
+        uses: actions/setup-java@v4
+        with:
+          distribution: temurin
+          java-version: 17
+          cache: "maven"
+      - run: echo "JAVA_17=$JAVA_HOME" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+      - name: Install Java 11
+        uses: actions/setup-java@v4
+        with:
+          distribution: temurin
+          java-version: 11
+          cache: "maven"
+      - name: Java Style Check
+        run: mvn checkstyle:check
+      # Disable because of issues in lancedb rust core code
+      # - name: Rust Clippy
+      #   working-directory: java/core/lancedb-jni
+      #   run: cargo clippy --all-targets -- -D warnings
+      - name: Running tests with Java 11
+        run: mvn clean test
+      - name: Running tests with Java 17
+        run: |
+          export JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS="$JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS \
+          -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions \
+          --add-opens=java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED \
+          --add-opens=java.base/java.lang.invoke=ALL-UNNAMED \
+          --add-opens=java.base/java.lang.reflect=ALL-UNNAMED \
+          --add-opens=java.base/java.io=ALL-UNNAMED \
+          --add-opens=java.base/java.net=ALL-UNNAMED \
+          --add-opens=java.base/java.nio=ALL-UNNAMED \
+          --add-opens=java.base/java.util=ALL-UNNAMED \
+          --add-opens=java.base/java.util.concurrent=ALL-UNNAMED \
+          --add-opens=java.base/java.util.concurrent.atomic=ALL-UNNAMED \
+          --add-opens=java.base/jdk.internal.ref=ALL-UNNAMED \
+          --add-opens=java.base/sun.nio.ch=ALL-UNNAMED \
+          --add-opens=java.base/sun.nio.cs=ALL-UNNAMED \
+          --add-opens=java.base/sun.security.action=ALL-UNNAMED \
+          --add-opens=java.base/sun.util.calendar=ALL-UNNAMED \
+          --add-opens=java.security.jgss/sun.security.krb5=ALL-UNNAMED \
+          -Djdk.reflect.useDirectMethodHandle=false \
+          -Dio.netty.tryReflectionSetAccessible=true"
+          JAVA_HOME=$JAVA_17 mvn clean test

.github/workflows/make-release-commit.yml

@@ -1,37 +1,62 @@
 name: Create release commit
 
+# This workflow increments versions, tags the version, and pushes it.
+# When a tag is pushed, another workflow is triggered that creates a GH release
+# and uploads the binaries. This workflow is only for creating the tag.
+
+# This script will enforce that a minor version is incremented if there are any
+# breaking changes since the last minor increment. However, it isn't able to
+# differentiate between breaking changes in Node versus Python. If you wish to
+# bypass this check, you can manually increment the version and push the tag.
 on:
   workflow_dispatch:
     inputs:
       dry_run:
         description: 'Dry run (create the local commit/tags but do not push it)'
         required: true
-        default: "false"
-        type: choice
-        options:
-          - "true"
-          - "false"
-      part:
+        default: false
+        type: boolean
+      type:
         description: 'What kind of release is this?'
         required: true
-        default: 'patch'
+        default: 'preview'
         type: choice
         options:
-          - patch
-          - minor
-          - major
+          - preview
+          - stable
+      python:
+        description: 'Make a Python release'
+        required: true
+        default: true
+        type: boolean
+      other:
+        description: 'Make a Node/Rust release'
+        required: true
+        default: true
+        type: boolean
+      bump-minor:
+        description: 'Bump minor version'
+        required: true
+        default: false
+        type: boolean
 
 jobs:
-  bump-version:
+  make-release:
+    # Creates tag and GH release. The GH release will trigger the build and release jobs.
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      contents: write
     steps:
-      - name: Check out main
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Output Inputs
+        run: echo "${{ toJSON(github.event.inputs) }}"
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
-          ref: main
-          persist-credentials: false
           fetch-depth: 0
           lfs: true
+          # It's important we use our token here, as the default token will NOT
+          # trigger any workflows watching for new tags. See:
+          # https://docs.github.com/en/actions/using-workflows/triggering-a-workflow#triggering-a-workflow-from-a-workflow
+          token: ${{ secrets.LANCEDB_RELEASE_TOKEN }}
       - name: Set git configs for bumpversion
         shell: bash
         run: |
@@ -41,19 +66,34 @@ jobs:
         uses: actions/setup-python@v5
         with:
           python-version: "3.11"
-      - name: Bump version, create tag and commit
+      - name: Bump Python version
+        if: ${{ inputs.python }}
+        working-directory: python
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
         run: |
-          pip install bump2version
-          bumpversion --verbose ${{ inputs.part }}
-      - name: Push new version and tag
-        if: ${{ inputs.dry_run }} == "false"
+          # Need to get the commit before bumping the version, so we can
+          # determine if there are breaking changes in the next step as well.
+          echo "COMMIT_BEFORE_BUMP=$(git rev-parse HEAD)" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+          pip install bump-my-version PyGithub packaging
+          bash ../ci/bump_version.sh ${{ inputs.type }} ${{ inputs.bump-minor }} python-v
+      - name: Bump Node/Rust version
+        if: ${{ inputs.other }}
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+        run: |
+          pip install bump-my-version PyGithub packaging
+          bash ci/bump_version.sh ${{ inputs.type }} ${{ inputs.bump-minor }} v $COMMIT_BEFORE_BUMP
+      - name: Push new version tag
+        if: ${{ !inputs.dry_run }}
         uses: ad-m/github-push-action@master
         with:
+          # Need to use PAT here too to trigger next workflow. See comment above.
           github_token: ${{ secrets.LANCEDB_RELEASE_TOKEN }}
-          branch: main
+          branch: ${{ github.ref }}
           tags: true
       - uses: ./.github/workflows/update_package_lock
         if: ${{ inputs.dry_run }} == "false"
         with:
-          github_token: ${{ secrets.LANCEDB_RELEASE_TOKEN }}
-
+          github_token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}

.github/workflows/nodejs.yml

@@ -52,8 +52,7 @@ jobs:
         cargo fmt --all -- --check
         cargo clippy --all --all-features -- -D warnings
         npm ci
-        npm run lint
-        npm run chkformat
+        npm run lint-ci
   linux:
     name: Linux (NodeJS ${{ matrix.node-version }})
     timeout-minutes: 30

.github/workflows/npm-publish.yml

@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 name: NPM Publish
 
 on:
-  release:
-    types: [published]
+  push:
+    tags:
+      - 'v*'
 
 jobs:
   node:
@@ -274,9 +275,15 @@ jobs:
         env:
           NODE_AUTH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.LANCEDB_NPM_REGISTRY_TOKEN }}
         run: |
+          # Tag beta as "preview" instead of default "latest". See lancedb 
+          # npm publish step for more info.
+          if [[ $GITHUB_REF =~ refs/tags/v(.*)-beta.* ]]; then
+            PUBLISH_ARGS="--tag preview"
+          fi
+
           mv */*.tgz .
           for filename in *.tgz; do
-            npm publish $filename
+            npm publish $PUBLISH_ARGS $filename
           done
 
   release-nodejs:
@@ -316,11 +323,23 @@ jobs:
       - name: Publish to NPM
         env:
           NODE_AUTH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.LANCEDB_NPM_REGISTRY_TOKEN }}
-        run: npm publish --access public
+        # By default, things are published to the latest tag. This is what is 
+        # installed by default if the user does not specify a version. This is
+        # good for stable releases, but for pre-releases, we want to publish to
+        # the "preview" tag so they can install with `npm install lancedb@preview`.
+        # See: https://medium.com/@mbostock/prereleases-and-npm-e778fc5e2420
+        run: |
+          if [[ $GITHUB_REF =~ refs/tags/v(.*)-beta.* ]]; then
+            npm publish --access public --tag preview
+          else
+            npm publish --access public
+          fi
 
   update-package-lock:
     needs: [release]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      contents: write
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
         uses: actions/checkout@v4
@@ -331,11 +350,13 @@ jobs:
           lfs: true
       - uses: ./.github/workflows/update_package_lock
         with:
-          github_token: ${{ secrets.LANCEDB_RELEASE_TOKEN }}
+          github_token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
 
   update-package-lock-nodejs:
     needs: [release-nodejs]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      contents: write
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
         uses: actions/checkout@v4
@@ -346,4 +367,70 @@ jobs:
           lfs: true
       - uses: ./.github/workflows/update_package_lock_nodejs
         with:
-          github_token: ${{ secrets.LANCEDB_RELEASE_TOKEN }}
+          github_token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+  
+  gh-release:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      contents: write
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+          lfs: true
+      - name: Extract version
+        id: extract_version
+        env:
+          GITHUB_REF: ${{ github.ref }}
+        run: |
+          set -e
+          echo "Extracting tag and version from $GITHUB_REF"
+          if [[ $GITHUB_REF =~ refs/tags/v(.*) ]]; then
+            VERSION=${BASH_REMATCH[1]}
+            TAG=v$VERSION
+            echo "tag=$TAG" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+            echo "version=$VERSION" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          else
+            echo "Failed to extract version from $GITHUB_REF"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          echo "Extracted version $VERSION from $GITHUB_REF"
+          if [[ $VERSION =~ beta ]]; then
+            echo "This is a beta release"
+
+            # Get last release (that is not this one)
+            FROM_TAG=$(git tag --sort='version:refname' \
+              | grep ^v \
+              | grep -vF "$TAG" \
+              | python ci/semver_sort.py v \
+              | tail -n 1)
+          else
+            echo "This is a stable release"
+            # Get last stable tag (ignore betas)
+            FROM_TAG=$(git tag --sort='version:refname' \
+              | grep ^v \
+              | grep -vF "$TAG" \
+              | grep -v beta \
+              | python ci/semver_sort.py v \
+              | tail -n 1)
+          fi
+          echo "Found from tag $FROM_TAG"
+          echo "from_tag=$FROM_TAG" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+      - name: Create Release Notes
+        id: release_notes
+        uses: mikepenz/release-changelog-builder-action@v4
+        with:
+          configuration: .github/release_notes.json
+          toTag: ${{ steps.extract_version.outputs.tag }}
+          fromTag: ${{ steps.extract_version.outputs.from_tag }}
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+      - name: Create GH release
+        uses: softprops/action-gh-release@v2
+        with:
+          prerelease: ${{ contains('beta', github.ref) }}
+          tag_name: ${{ steps.extract_version.outputs.tag }}
+          token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          generate_release_notes: false
+          name: Node/Rust LanceDB v${{ steps.extract_version.outputs.version }}
+          body: ${{ steps.release_notes.outputs.changelog }}

.github/workflows/pypi-publish.yml

@@ -1,18 +1,16 @@
 name: PyPI Publish
 
 on:
-  release:
-    types: [published]
+  push:
+    tags:
+      - 'python-v*'
 
 jobs:
   linux:
-    # Only runs on tags that matches the python-make-release action
-    if: startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/python-v')
     name: Python ${{ matrix.config.platform }} manylinux${{ matrix.config.manylinux }}
     timeout-minutes: 60
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        python-minor-version: ["8"]
         config:
           - platform: x86_64
             manylinux: "2_17"
@@ -34,25 +32,22 @@ jobs:
       - name: Set up Python
         uses: actions/setup-python@v4
         with:
-          python-version: 3.${{ matrix.python-minor-version }}
+          python-version: 3.8
       - uses: ./.github/workflows/build_linux_wheel
         with:
-          python-minor-version: ${{ matrix.python-minor-version }}
+          python-minor-version: 8
           args: "--release --strip ${{ matrix.config.extra_args }}"
           arm-build: ${{ matrix.config.platform == 'aarch64' }}
           manylinux: ${{ matrix.config.manylinux }}
       - uses: ./.github/workflows/upload_wheel
         with:
-          token: ${{ secrets.LANCEDB_PYPI_API_TOKEN }}
-          repo: "pypi"
+          pypi_token: ${{ secrets.LANCEDB_PYPI_API_TOKEN }}
+          fury_token: ${{ secrets.FURY_TOKEN }}
   mac:
-    # Only runs on tags that matches the python-make-release action
-    if: startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/python-v')
     timeout-minutes: 60
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.config.runner }}
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        python-minor-version: ["8"]
         config:
           - target: x86_64-apple-darwin
             runner: macos-13
@@ -63,7 +58,6 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
-          ref: ${{ inputs.ref }}
           fetch-depth: 0
           lfs: true
       - name: Set up Python
@@ -72,38 +66,95 @@ jobs:
           python-version: 3.12
       - uses: ./.github/workflows/build_mac_wheel
         with:
-          python-minor-version: ${{ matrix.python-minor-version }}
+          python-minor-version: 8
           args: "--release --strip --target ${{ matrix.config.target }} --features fp16kernels"
       - uses: ./.github/workflows/upload_wheel
         with:
-          python-minor-version: ${{ matrix.python-minor-version }}
-          token: ${{ secrets.LANCEDB_PYPI_API_TOKEN }}
-          repo: "pypi"
+          pypi_token: ${{ secrets.LANCEDB_PYPI_API_TOKEN }}
+          fury_token: ${{ secrets.FURY_TOKEN }}
   windows:
-    # Only runs on tags that matches the python-make-release action
-    if: startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/python-v')
     timeout-minutes: 60
     runs-on: windows-latest
-    strategy:
-      matrix:
-        python-minor-version: ["8"]
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
-          ref: ${{ inputs.ref }}
           fetch-depth: 0
           lfs: true
       - name: Set up Python
         uses: actions/setup-python@v4
         with:
-          python-version: 3.${{ matrix.python-minor-version }}
+          python-version: 3.8
       - uses: ./.github/workflows/build_windows_wheel
         with:
-          python-minor-version: ${{ matrix.python-minor-version }}
+          python-minor-version: 8
           args: "--release --strip"
           vcpkg_token: ${{ secrets.VCPKG_GITHUB_PACKAGES }}
       - uses: ./.github/workflows/upload_wheel
         with:
-          python-minor-version: ${{ matrix.python-minor-version }}
-          token: ${{ secrets.LANCEDB_PYPI_API_TOKEN }}
-          repo: "pypi"
+          pypi_token: ${{ secrets.LANCEDB_PYPI_API_TOKEN }}
+          fury_token: ${{ secrets.FURY_TOKEN }}
+  gh-release:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      contents: write
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+          lfs: true
+      - name: Extract version
+        id: extract_version
+        env:
+          GITHUB_REF: ${{ github.ref }}
+        run: |
+          set -e
+          echo "Extracting tag and version from $GITHUB_REF"
+          if [[ $GITHUB_REF =~ refs/tags/python-v(.*) ]]; then
+            VERSION=${BASH_REMATCH[1]}
+            TAG=python-v$VERSION
+            echo "tag=$TAG" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+            echo "version=$VERSION" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          else
+            echo "Failed to extract version from $GITHUB_REF"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          echo "Extracted version $VERSION from $GITHUB_REF"
+          if [[ $VERSION =~ beta ]]; then
+            echo "This is a beta release"
+
+            # Get last release (that is not this one)
+            FROM_TAG=$(git tag --sort='version:refname' \
+              | grep ^python-v \
+              | grep -vF "$TAG" \
+              | python ci/semver_sort.py python-v \
+              | tail -n 1)
+          else
+            echo "This is a stable release"
+            # Get last stable tag (ignore betas)
+            FROM_TAG=$(git tag --sort='version:refname' \
+              | grep ^python-v \
+              | grep -vF "$TAG" \
+              | grep -v beta \
+              | python ci/semver_sort.py python-v \
+              | tail -n 1)
+          fi
+          echo "Found from tag $FROM_TAG"
+          echo "from_tag=$FROM_TAG" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+      - name: Create Python Release Notes
+        id: python_release_notes
+        uses: mikepenz/release-changelog-builder-action@v4
+        with:
+          configuration: .github/release_notes.json
+          toTag: ${{ steps.extract_version.outputs.tag }}
+          fromTag: ${{ steps.extract_version.outputs.from_tag }}
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+      - name: Create Python GH release
+        uses: softprops/action-gh-release@v2
+        with:
+          prerelease: ${{ contains('beta', github.ref) }}
+          tag_name: ${{ steps.extract_version.outputs.tag }}
+          token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          generate_release_notes: false
+          name: Python LanceDB v${{ steps.extract_version.outputs.version }}
+          body: ${{ steps.python_release_notes.outputs.changelog }}

.github/workflows/python-make-release-commit.yml

@@ -1,56 +0,0 @@
-name: Python - Create release commit
-
-on:
-  workflow_dispatch:
-    inputs:
-      dry_run:
-        description: 'Dry run (create the local commit/tags but do not push it)'
-        required: true
-        default: "false"
-        type: choice
-        options:
-          - "true"
-          - "false"
-      part:
-        description: 'What kind of release is this?'
-        required: true
-        default: 'patch'
-        type: choice
-        options:
-          - patch
-          - minor
-          - major
-
-jobs:
-  bump-version:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-    - name: Check out main
-      uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      with:
-        ref: main
-        persist-credentials: false
-        fetch-depth: 0
-        lfs: true
-    - name: Set git configs for bumpversion
-      shell: bash
-      run: |
-        git config user.name 'Lance Release'
-        git config user.email 'lance-dev@lancedb.com'
-    - name: Set up Python
-      uses: actions/setup-python@v5
-      with:
-        python-version: "3.11"
-    - name: Bump version, create tag and commit
-      working-directory: python
-      run: |
-        pip install bump2version
-        bumpversion --verbose ${{ inputs.part }}
-    - name: Push new version and tag
-      if: ${{ inputs.dry_run }} == "false"
-      uses: ad-m/github-push-action@master
-      with:
-        github_token: ${{ secrets.LANCEDB_RELEASE_TOKEN }}
-        branch: main
-        tags: true
-

.github/workflows/python.yml

@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ jobs:
     timeout-minutes: 30
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        python-minor-version: ["8", "11"]
+        python-minor-version: ["9", "11"]
     runs-on: "ubuntu-22.04"
     defaults:
       run:

.github/workflows/rust.yml

@@ -74,11 +74,11 @@ jobs:
       run: |
           sudo apt update
           sudo apt install -y protobuf-compiler libssl-dev
-    - name: Build
-      run: cargo build --all-features
     - name: Start S3 integration test environment
       working-directory: .
       run: docker compose up --detach --wait
+    - name: Build
+      run: cargo build --all-features
     - name: Run tests
       run: cargo test --all-features
     - name: Run examples

.github/workflows/upload_wheel/action.yml

@@ -2,28 +2,43 @@ name: upload-wheel
 
 description: "Upload wheels to Pypi"
 inputs:
-  os:
-    required: true
-    description: "ubuntu-22.04 or macos-13"
-  repo:
-    required: false
-    description: "pypi or testpypi"
-    default: "pypi"
-  token:
+  pypi_token:
     required: true
     description: "release token for the repo"
+  fury_token:
+    required: true
+    description: "release token for the fury repo"
 
 runs:
   using: "composite"
   steps:
-    - name: Install dependencies
-      shell: bash
-      run: |
-        python -m pip install --upgrade pip
-        pip install twine
-    - name: Publish wheel
-      env:
-        TWINE_USERNAME: __token__
-        TWINE_PASSWORD: ${{ inputs.token }}
-      shell: bash
-      run: twine upload --repository ${{ inputs.repo }} target/wheels/lancedb-*.whl
+  - name: Install dependencies
+    shell: bash
+    run: |
+      python -m pip install --upgrade pip
+      pip install twine
+  - name: Choose repo
+    shell: bash
+    id: choose_repo
+    run: |
+      if [ ${{ github.ref }} == "*beta*" ]; then
+        echo "repo=fury" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+      else
+        echo "repo=pypi" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+      fi
+  - name: Publish to PyPI
+    shell: bash
+    env:
+      FURY_TOKEN: ${{ inputs.fury_token }}
+      PYPI_TOKEN: ${{ inputs.pypi_token }}
+    run: |
+      if [ ${{ steps.choose_repo.outputs.repo }} == "fury" ]; then
+        WHEEL=$(ls target/wheels/lancedb-*.whl 2> /dev/null | head -n 1)
+        echo "Uploading $WHEEL to Fury"
+        curl -f -F package=@$WHEEL https://$FURY_TOKEN@push.fury.io/lancedb/
+      else
+        twine upload --repository ${{ steps.choose_repo.outputs.repo }} \
+          --username __token__ \
+          --password $PYPI_TOKEN \
+          target/wheels/lancedb-*.whl
+      fi

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -10,9 +10,12 @@ repos:
     rev: v0.2.2
     hooks:
     - id: ruff
-- repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/mirrors-prettier
-  rev: v3.1.0
+- repo: local
   hooks:
-    - id: prettier
+    - id: local-biome-check
+      name: biome check
+      entry: npx biome check
+      language: system
+      types: [text]
       files: "nodejs/.*"
       exclude: nodejs/lancedb/native.d.ts|nodejs/dist/.*

Cargo.toml

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 [workspace]
-members = ["rust/ffi/node", "rust/lancedb", "nodejs", "python"]
+members = ["rust/ffi/node", "rust/lancedb", "nodejs", "python", "java/core/lancedb-jni"]
 # Python package needs to be built by maturin.
 exclude = ["python"]
 resolver = "2"
@@ -14,10 +14,10 @@ keywords = ["lancedb", "lance", "database", "vector", "search"]
 categories = ["database-implementations"]
 
 [workspace.dependencies]
-lance = { "version" = "=0.10.16", "features" = ["dynamodb"] }
-lance-index = { "version" = "=0.10.16" }
-lance-linalg = { "version" = "=0.10.16" }
-lance-testing = { "version" = "=0.10.16" }
+lance = { "version" = "=0.11.0", "features" = ["dynamodb"] }
+lance-index = { "version" = "=0.11.0" }
+lance-linalg = { "version" = "=0.11.0" }
+lance-testing = { "version" = "=0.11.0" }
 # Note that this one does not include pyarrow
 arrow = { version = "51.0", optional = false }
 arrow-array = "51.0"
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ arrow-arith = "51.0"
 arrow-cast = "51.0"
 async-trait = "0"
 chrono = "0.4.35"
-half = { "version" = "=2.3.1", default-features = false, features = [
+half = { "version" = "=2.4.1", default-features = false, features = [
     "num-traits",
 ] }
 futures = "0"

ci/bump_version.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+set -e
+
+RELEASE_TYPE=${1:-"stable"}
+BUMP_MINOR=${2:-false}
+TAG_PREFIX=${3:-"v"} # Such as "python-v"
+HEAD_SHA=${4:-$(git rev-parse HEAD)}
+
+readonly SELF_DIR=$(cd "$( dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}" )" && pwd )
+
+PREV_TAG=$(git tag --sort='version:refname' | grep ^$TAG_PREFIX | python $SELF_DIR/semver_sort.py $TAG_PREFIX | tail -n 1)
+echo "Found previous tag $PREV_TAG"
+
+# Initially, we don't want to tag if we are doing stable, because we will bump
+# again later. See comment at end for why.
+if [[ "$RELEASE_TYPE" == 'stable' ]]; then 
+  BUMP_ARGS="--no-tag"
+fi
+
+# If last is stable and not bumping minor
+if [[ $PREV_TAG != *beta* ]]; then
+    if [[ "$BUMP_MINOR" != "false" ]]; then
+      # X.Y.Z -> X.(Y+1).0-beta.0
+      bump-my-version bump -vv $BUMP_ARGS minor
+    else
+      # X.Y.Z -> X.Y.(Z+1)-beta.0
+      bump-my-version bump -vv $BUMP_ARGS patch
+    fi
+else
+  if [[ "$BUMP_MINOR" != "false" ]]; then
+    # X.Y.Z-beta.N -> X.(Y+1).0-beta.0
+    bump-my-version bump -vv $BUMP_ARGS minor
+  else
+    # X.Y.Z-beta.N -> X.Y.Z-beta.(N+1)
+    bump-my-version bump -vv $BUMP_ARGS pre_n
+  fi
+fi
+
+# The above bump will always bump to a pre-release version. If we are releasing
+# a stable version, bump the pre-release level ("pre_l") to make it stable.
+if [[ $RELEASE_TYPE == 'stable' ]]; then
+  # X.Y.Z-beta.N -> X.Y.Z
+  bump-my-version bump -vv pre_l
+fi
+
+# Validate that we have incremented version appropriately for breaking changes
+NEW_TAG=$(git describe --tags --exact-match HEAD)
+NEW_VERSION=$(echo $NEW_TAG | sed "s/^$TAG_PREFIX//")
+LAST_STABLE_RELEASE=$(git tag --sort='version:refname' | grep ^$TAG_PREFIX | grep -v beta | grep -vF "$NEW_TAG" | python $SELF_DIR/semver_sort.py $TAG_PREFIX | tail -n 1)
+LAST_STABLE_VERSION=$(echo $LAST_STABLE_RELEASE | sed "s/^$TAG_PREFIX//")
+
+python $SELF_DIR/check_breaking_changes.py $LAST_STABLE_RELEASE $HEAD_SHA $LAST_STABLE_VERSION $NEW_VERSION

ci/check_breaking_changes.py

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+"""
+Check whether there are any breaking changes in the PRs between the base and head commits.
+If there are, assert that we have incremented the minor version.
+"""
+import argparse
+import os
+from packaging.version import parse
+
+from github import Github
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
+    parser.add_argument("base")
+    parser.add_argument("head")
+    parser.add_argument("last_stable_version")
+    parser.add_argument("current_version")
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+
+    repo = Github(os.environ["GITHUB_TOKEN"]).get_repo(os.environ["GITHUB_REPOSITORY"])
+    commits = repo.compare(args.base, args.head).commits
+    prs = (pr for commit in commits for pr in commit.get_pulls())
+
+    for pr in prs:
+        if any(label.name == "breaking-change" for label in pr.labels):
+            print(f"Breaking change in PR: {pr.html_url}")
+            break
+    else:
+        print("No breaking changes found.")
+        exit(0)
+    
+    last_stable_version = parse(args.last_stable_version)
+    current_version = parse(args.current_version)
+    if current_version.minor <= last_stable_version.minor:
+        print("Minor version is not greater than the last stable version.")
+        exit(1)

ci/semver_sort.py

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+"""
+Takes a list of semver strings and sorts them in ascending order.
+"""
+
+import sys
+from packaging.version import parse, InvalidVersion
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    import argparse
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
+    parser.add_argument("prefix", default="v")
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+
+    # Read the input from stdin
+    lines = sys.stdin.readlines()
+
+    # Parse the versions
+    versions = []
+    for line in lines:
+        line = line.strip()
+        try:
+            version_str = line.removeprefix(args.prefix)
+            version = parse(version_str)
+        except InvalidVersion:
+            # There are old tags that don't follow the semver format
+            print(f"Invalid version: {line}", file=sys.stderr)
+            continue
+        versions.append((line, version))
+
+    # Sort the versions
+    versions.sort(key=lambda x: x[1])
+
+    # Print the sorted versions as original strings
+    for line, _ in versions:
+        print(line)

docs/mkdocs.yml

@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ nav:
           - Polars: python/polars_arrow.md
           - DuckDB: python/duckdb.md
           - LangChain:
-            - LangChain 🔗: https://python.langchain.com/docs/integrations/vectorstores/lancedb/
+            - LangChain 🔗: integrations/langchain.md
             - LangChain JS/TS 🔗: https://js.langchain.com/docs/integrations/vectorstores/lancedb
           - LlamaIndex 🦙: https://docs.llamaindex.ai/en/stable/examples/vector_stores/LanceDBIndexDemo/
           - Pydantic: python/pydantic.md

docs/src/basic.md

@@ -44,6 +44,36 @@
 
     !!! info "Please also make sure you're using the same version of Arrow as in the [lancedb crate](https://github.com/lancedb/lancedb/blob/main/Cargo.toml)"
 
+### Preview releases
+
+Stable releases are created about every 2 weeks. For the latest features and bug
+fixes, you can install the preview release. These releases receive the same
+level of testing as stable releases, but are not guaranteed to be available for
+more than 6 months after they are released. Once your application is stable, we
+recommend switching to stable releases.
+
+=== "Python"
+
+      ```shell
+      pip install --pre --extra-index-url https://pypi.fury.io/lancedb/ lancedb
+      ```
+
+=== "Typescript"
+
+      ```shell
+      npm install vectordb@preview
+      ```
+
+=== "Rust"
+    
+    We don't push preview releases to crates.io, but you can referent the tag
+    in GitHub within your Cargo dependencies:
+
+    ```toml
+    [dependencies]
+    lancedb = { git = "https://github.com/lancedb/lancedb.git", tag = "vX.Y.Z-beta.N" }
+    ```
+
 ## Connect to a database
 
 === "Python"

docs/src/embeddings/default_embedding_functions.md

@@ -206,6 +206,44 @@ print(actual.text)
 ```
 
 
+### Ollama embeddings
+Generate embeddings via the [ollama](https://github.com/ollama/ollama-python) python library. More details:
+
+- [Ollama docs on embeddings](https://github.com/ollama/ollama/blob/main/docs/api.md#generate-embeddings)
+- [Ollama blog on embeddings](https://ollama.com/blog/embedding-models)
+
+| Parameter              | Type                       | Default Value            | Description                                                                                                                                    |
+|------------------------|----------------------------|--------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
+| `name`                 | `str`                      | `nomic-embed-text`       | The name of the model.                                                                                                                         |
+| `host`                 | `str`                      | `http://localhost:11434` | The Ollama host to connect to.                                                                                                                 |
+| `options`              | `ollama.Options` or `dict` | `None`                   | Additional model parameters listed in the documentation for the [Modelfile](./modelfile.md#valid-parameters-and-values) such as `temperature`. |
+| `keep_alive`           | `float` or `str`           | `"5m"`                   | Controls how long the model will stay loaded into memory following the request.                                                                |
+| `ollama_client_kwargs` | `dict`                     | `{}`                     | kwargs that can be past to the `ollama.Client`.                                                                                                |
+
+```python
+import lancedb
+from lancedb.pydantic import LanceModel, Vector
+from lancedb.embeddings import get_registry
+
+db = lancedb.connect("/tmp/db")
+func = get_registry().get("ollama").create(name="nomic-embed-text")
+
+class Words(LanceModel):
+    text: str = func.SourceField()
+    vector: Vector(func.ndims()) = func.VectorField()
+
+table = db.create_table("words", schema=Words, mode="overwrite")
+table.add([
+    {"text": "hello world"},
+    {"text": "goodbye world"}
+])
+
+query = "greetings"
+actual = table.search(query).limit(1).to_pydantic(Words)[0]
+print(actual.text)
+```
+
+
 ### OpenAI embeddings
 LanceDB registers the OpenAI embeddings function in the registry by default, as `openai`. Below are the parameters that you can customize when creating the instances:
 

docs/src/integrations/index.md

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ Get started using these examples and quick links.
 | Integrations | |
 |---|---:|
 | <h3> LlamaIndex </h3>LlamaIndex is a simple, flexible data framework for connecting custom data sources to large language models. Llama index integrates with LanceDB as the serverless VectorDB. <h3>[Lean More](https://gpt-index.readthedocs.io/en/latest/examples/vector_stores/LanceDBIndexDemo.html) </h3> |<img src="../assets/llama-index.jpg" alt="image" width="150" height="auto">|
-| <h3>Langchain</h3>Langchain allows building applications with LLMs through composability <h3>[Lean More](https://python.langchain.com/docs/integrations/vectorstores/lancedb) | <img src="../assets/langchain.png" alt="image" width="150" height="auto">|
+| <h3>Langchain</h3>Langchain allows building applications with LLMs through composability <h3>[Lean More](https://lancedb.github.io/lancedb/integrations/langchain/) | <img src="../assets/langchain.png" alt="image" width="150" height="auto">|
 | <h3>Langchain TS</h3> Javascript bindings for Langchain. It integrates with LanceDB's serverless vectordb allowing you to build powerful AI applications through composibility using only serverless functions. <h3>[Learn More]( https://js.langchain.com/docs/modules/data_connection/vectorstores/integrations/lancedb) | <img src="../assets/langchain.png" alt="image" width="150" height="auto">|
 | <h3>Voxel51</h3>  It is an open source toolkit that enables you to build better computer vision workflows by improving the quality of your datasets and delivering insights about your models.<h3>[Learn More](./voxel51.md) | <img src="../assets/voxel.gif" alt="image" width="150" height="auto">|
 | <h3>PromptTools</h3>  Offers a set of free, open-source tools for testing and experimenting with models, prompts, and configurations. The core idea is to enable developers to evaluate prompts using familiar interfaces like code and notebooks. You can use it to experiment with different configurations of LanceDB, and test how LanceDB integrates with the LLM of your choice.<h3>[Learn More](./prompttools.md) | <img src="../assets/prompttools.jpeg" alt="image" width="150" height="auto">|

docs/src/integrations/langchain.md

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+# Langchain
+![Illustration](../assets/langchain.png)
+
+## Quick Start
+You can load your document data using langchain's loaders, for this example we are using `TextLoader` and `OpenAIEmbeddings` as the embedding model.
+```python
+import os
+from langchain.document_loaders import TextLoader
+from langchain.vectorstores import LanceDB
+from langchain_openai import OpenAIEmbeddings
+from langchain_text_splitters import CharacterTextSplitter
+
+os.environ["OPENAI_API_KEY"] = "sk-..."
+
+loader = TextLoader("../../modules/state_of_the_union.txt") # Replace with your data path
+documents = loader.load()
+
+documents = CharacterTextSplitter().split_documents(documents)
+embeddings = OpenAIEmbeddings()
+
+docsearch = LanceDB.from_documents(documents, embeddings)
+query = "What did the president say about Ketanji Brown Jackson"
+docs = docsearch.similarity_search(query)
+print(docs[0].page_content)
+```
+
+## Documentation
+In the above example `LanceDB` vector store class object is created using `from_documents()` method  which is a `classmethod` and returns the initialized class object. 
+You can also use `LanceDB.from_texts(texts: List[str],embedding: Embeddings)` class method.  
+
+The exhaustive list of parameters for `LanceDB` vector store are :  
+- `connection`: (Optional) `lancedb.db.LanceDBConnection` connection object to use.  If not provided, a new connection will be created.  
+- `embedding`: Langchain embedding model.  
+- `vector_key`: (Optional) Column name to use for vector's in the table. Defaults to `'vector'`.   
+- `id_key`: (Optional) Column name to use for id's in the table. Defaults to `'id'`.  
+- `text_key`: (Optional) Column name to use for text in the table. Defaults to `'text'`.  
+- `table_name`: (Optional) Name of your table in the database. Defaults to `'vectorstore'`.  
+- `api_key`: (Optional) API key to use for LanceDB cloud database. Defaults to `None`.  
+- `region`: (Optional) Region to use for LanceDB cloud database. Only for LanceDB Cloud, defaults to `None`.  
+- `mode`: (Optional) Mode to use for adding data to the table. Defaults to `'overwrite'`.  
+
+```python
+db_url = "db://lang_test" # url of db you created
+api_key = "xxxxx" # your API key
+region="us-east-1-dev"  # your selected region
+
+vector_store = LanceDB(
+    uri=db_url,
+    api_key=api_key, #(dont include for local API)
+    region=region, #(dont include for local API)
+    embedding=embeddings,
+    table_name='langchain_test' #Optional
+    )
+```
+
+### Methods 
+To add texts and store respective embeddings automatically:   
+##### add_texts()
+- `texts`: `Iterable` of strings to add to the vectorstore.
+- `metadatas`: Optional `list[dict()]` of metadatas associated with the texts.
+- `ids`: Optional `list` of ids to associate with the texts. 
+
+
+```python
+vector_store.add_texts(texts = ['test_123'], metadatas =[{'source' :'wiki'}]) 
+
+#Additionaly, to explore the table you can load it into a df or save it in a csv file:
+
+tbl = vector_store.get_table()
+print("tbl:", tbl)
+pd_df = tbl.to_pandas()
+pd_df.to_csv("docsearch.csv", index=False)
+
+# you can also create a new vector store object using an older connection object:
+vector_store = LanceDB(connection=tbl, embedding=embeddings)
+```
+For index creation make sure your table has enough data in it. An ANN index is ususally not needed for datasets ~100K vectors. For large-scale (>1M) or higher dimension vectors, it is beneficial to create an ANN index.
+##### create_index() 
+- `col_name`: `Optional[str] = None`
+- `vector_col`: `Optional[str] = None`
+- `num_partitions`: `Optional[int] = 256`
+- `num_sub_vectors`: `Optional[int] = 96`
+- `index_cache_size`: `Optional[int] = None`
+
+```python
+# for creating vector index
+vector_store.create_index(vector_col='vector', metric = 'cosine')
+
+# for creating scalar index(for non-vector columns)
+vector_store.create_index(col_name='text')
+
+```

docs/test/md_testing.py

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ excluded_globs = [
     "../src/embedding.md",
     "../src/examples/*.md",
     "../src/integrations/voxel51.md",
+    "../src/integrations/langchain.md",
     "../src/guides/tables.md",
     "../src/python/duckdb.md",
     "../src/embeddings/*.md",

java/core/lancedb-jni/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+[package]
+name = "lancedb-jni"
+description = "JNI bindings for LanceDB"
+# TODO modify lancedb/Cargo.toml for version and dependencies
+version = "0.4.18"
+edition.workspace = true
+repository.workspace = true
+readme.workspace = true
+license.workspace = true
+keywords.workspace = true
+categories.workspace = true
+publish = false
+
+[lib]
+crate-type = ["cdylib"]
+
+[dependencies]
+lancedb = { path = "../../../rust/lancedb" }
+lance = { workspace = true }
+arrow = { workspace = true, features = ["ffi"] }
+arrow-schema.workspace = true
+tokio = "1.23"
+jni = "0.21.1"
+snafu.workspace = true
+lazy_static.workspace = true
+serde = { version = "^1" }
+serde_json = { version = "1" }

java/core/lancedb-jni/src/connection.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+use crate::ffi::JNIEnvExt;
+use crate::traits::IntoJava;
+use crate::{Error, RT};
+use jni::objects::{JObject, JString, JValue};
+use jni::JNIEnv;
+pub const NATIVE_CONNECTION: &str = "nativeConnectionHandle";
+use crate::Result;
+use lancedb::connection::{connect, Connection};
+
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct BlockingConnection {
+    pub(crate) inner: Connection,
+}
+
+impl BlockingConnection {
+    pub fn create(dataset_uri: &str) -> Result<Self> {
+        let inner = RT.block_on(connect(dataset_uri).execute())?;
+        Ok(Self { inner })
+    }
+
+    pub fn table_names(
+        &self,
+        start_after: Option<String>,
+        limit: Option<i32>,
+    ) -> Result<Vec<String>> {
+        let mut op = self.inner.table_names();
+        if let Some(start_after) = start_after {
+            op = op.start_after(start_after);
+        }
+        if let Some(limit) = limit {
+            op = op.limit(limit as u32);
+        }
+        Ok(RT.block_on(op.execute())?)
+    }
+}
+
+impl IntoJava for BlockingConnection {
+    fn into_java<'a>(self, env: &mut JNIEnv<'a>) -> JObject<'a> {
+        attach_native_connection(env, self)
+    }
+}
+
+fn attach_native_connection<'local>(
+    env: &mut JNIEnv<'local>,
+    connection: BlockingConnection,
+) -> JObject<'local> {
+    let j_connection = create_java_connection_object(env);
+    // This block sets a native Rust object (Connection) as a field in the Java object (j_Connection).
+    // Caution: This creates a potential for memory leaks. The Rust object (Connection) is not
+    // automatically garbage-collected by Java, and its memory will not be freed unless
+    // explicitly handled.
+    //
+    // To prevent memory leaks, ensure the following:
+    // 1. The Java object (`j_Connection`) should implement the `java.io.Closeable` interface.
+    // 2. Users of this Java object should be instructed to always use it within a try-with-resources
+    //    statement (or manually call the `close()` method) to ensure that `self.close()` is invoked.
+    match unsafe { env.set_rust_field(&j_connection, NATIVE_CONNECTION, connection) } {
+        Ok(_) => j_connection,
+        Err(err) => {
+            env.throw_new(
+                "java/lang/RuntimeException",
+                format!("Failed to set native handle for Connection: {}", err),
+            )
+            .expect("Error throwing exception");
+            JObject::null()
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn create_java_connection_object<'a>(env: &mut JNIEnv<'a>) -> JObject<'a> {
+    env.new_object("com/lancedb/lancedb/Connection", "()V", &[])
+        .expect("Failed to create Java Lance Connection instance")
+}
+
+#[no_mangle]
+pub extern "system" fn Java_com_lancedb_lancedb_Connection_releaseNativeConnection(
+    mut env: JNIEnv,
+    j_connection: JObject,
+) {
+    let _: BlockingConnection = unsafe {
+        env.take_rust_field(j_connection, NATIVE_CONNECTION)
+            .expect("Failed to take native Connection handle")
+    };
+}
+
+#[no_mangle]
+pub extern "system" fn Java_com_lancedb_lancedb_Connection_connect<'local>(
+    mut env: JNIEnv<'local>,
+    _obj: JObject,
+    dataset_uri_object: JString,
+) -> JObject<'local> {
+    let dataset_uri: String = ok_or_throw!(env, env.get_string(&dataset_uri_object)).into();
+    let blocking_connection = ok_or_throw!(env, BlockingConnection::create(&dataset_uri));
+    blocking_connection.into_java(&mut env)
+}
+
+#[no_mangle]
+pub extern "system" fn Java_com_lancedb_lancedb_Connection_tableNames<'local>(
+    mut env: JNIEnv<'local>,
+    j_connection: JObject,
+    start_after_obj: JObject, // Optional<String>
+    limit_obj: JObject,       // Optional<Integer>
+) -> JObject<'local> {
+    ok_or_throw!(
+        env,
+        inner_table_names(&mut env, j_connection, start_after_obj, limit_obj)
+    )
+}
+
+fn inner_table_names<'local>(
+    env: &mut JNIEnv<'local>,
+    j_connection: JObject,
+    start_after_obj: JObject, // Optional<String>
+    limit_obj: JObject,       // Optional<Integer>
+) -> Result<JObject<'local>> {
+    let start_after = env.get_string_opt(&start_after_obj)?;
+    let limit = env.get_int_opt(&limit_obj)?;
+    let conn =
+        unsafe { env.get_rust_field::<_, _, BlockingConnection>(j_connection, NATIVE_CONNECTION) }?;
+    let table_names = conn.table_names(start_after, limit)?;
+    drop(conn);
+    let j_names = env.new_object("java/util/ArrayList", "()V", &[])?;
+    for item in table_names {
+        let jstr_item = env.new_string(item)?;
+        let item_jobj = JObject::from(jstr_item);
+        let item_gen = JValue::Object(&item_jobj);
+        env.call_method(&j_names, "add", "(Ljava/lang/Object;)Z", &[item_gen])?;
+    }
+    Ok(j_names)
+}

java/core/lancedb-jni/src/error.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,225 @@
+// Copyright 2024 Lance Developers.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+use std::str::Utf8Error;
+
+use arrow_schema::ArrowError;
+use jni::errors::Error as JniError;
+use serde_json::Error as JsonError;
+use snafu::{Location, Snafu};
+
+type BoxedError = Box<dyn std::error::Error + Send + Sync + 'static>;
+
+/// Java Exception types
+pub enum JavaException {
+    IllegalArgumentException,
+    IOException,
+    RuntimeException,
+}
+
+impl JavaException {
+    pub fn as_str(&self) -> &str {
+        match self {
+            Self::IllegalArgumentException => "java/lang/IllegalArgumentException",
+            Self::IOException => "java/io/IOException",
+            Self::RuntimeException => "java/lang/RuntimeException",
+        }
+    }
+}
+/// TODO(lu) change to lancedb-jni
+#[derive(Debug, Snafu)]
+#[snafu(visibility(pub))]
+pub enum Error {
+    #[snafu(display("JNI error: {message}, {location}"))]
+    Jni { message: String, location: Location },
+    #[snafu(display("Invalid argument: {message}, {location}"))]
+    InvalidArgument { message: String, location: Location },
+    #[snafu(display("IO error: {source}, {location}"))]
+    IO {
+        source: BoxedError,
+        location: Location,
+    },
+    #[snafu(display("Arrow error: {message}, {location}"))]
+    Arrow { message: String, location: Location },
+    #[snafu(display("Index error: {message}, {location}"))]
+    Index { message: String, location: Location },
+    #[snafu(display("JSON error: {message}, {location}"))]
+    JSON { message: String, location: Location },
+    #[snafu(display("Dataset at path {path} was not found, {location}"))]
+    DatasetNotFound { path: String, location: Location },
+    #[snafu(display("Dataset already exists: {uri}, {location}"))]
+    DatasetAlreadyExists { uri: String, location: Location },
+    #[snafu(display("Table '{name}' already exists"))]
+    TableAlreadyExists { name: String },
+    #[snafu(display("Table '{name}' was not found"))]
+    TableNotFound { name: String },
+    #[snafu(display("Invalid table name '{name}': {reason}"))]
+    InvalidTableName { name: String, reason: String },
+    #[snafu(display("Embedding function '{name}' was not found: {reason}, {location}"))]
+    EmbeddingFunctionNotFound {
+        name: String,
+        reason: String,
+        location: Location,
+    },
+    #[snafu(display("Other Lance error: {message}, {location}"))]
+    OtherLance { message: String, location: Location },
+    #[snafu(display("Other LanceDB error: {message}, {location}"))]
+    OtherLanceDB { message: String, location: Location },
+}
+
+impl Error {
+    /// Throw as Java Exception
+    pub fn throw(&self, env: &mut jni::JNIEnv) {
+        match self {
+            Self::InvalidArgument { .. }
+            | Self::DatasetNotFound { .. }
+            | Self::DatasetAlreadyExists { .. }
+            | Self::TableAlreadyExists { .. }
+            | Self::TableNotFound { .. }
+            | Self::InvalidTableName { .. }
+            | Self::EmbeddingFunctionNotFound { .. } => {
+                self.throw_as(env, JavaException::IllegalArgumentException)
+            }
+            Self::IO { .. } | Self::Index { .. } => self.throw_as(env, JavaException::IOException),
+            Self::Arrow { .. }
+            | Self::JSON { .. }
+            | Self::OtherLance { .. }
+            | Self::OtherLanceDB { .. }
+            | Self::Jni { .. } => self.throw_as(env, JavaException::RuntimeException),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Throw as an concrete Java Exception
+    pub fn throw_as(&self, env: &mut jni::JNIEnv, exception: JavaException) {
+        let message = &format!(
+            "Error when throwing Java exception: {}:{}",
+            exception.as_str(),
+            self
+        );
+        env.throw_new(exception.as_str(), self.to_string())
+            .expect(message);
+    }
+}
+
+pub type Result<T> = std::result::Result<T, Error>;
+
+trait ToSnafuLocation {
+    fn to_snafu_location(&'static self) -> snafu::Location;
+}
+
+impl ToSnafuLocation for std::panic::Location<'static> {
+    fn to_snafu_location(&'static self) -> snafu::Location {
+        snafu::Location::new(self.file(), self.line(), self.column())
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<JniError> for Error {
+    #[track_caller]
+    fn from(source: JniError) -> Self {
+        Self::Jni {
+            message: source.to_string(),
+            location: std::panic::Location::caller().to_snafu_location(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<Utf8Error> for Error {
+    #[track_caller]
+    fn from(source: Utf8Error) -> Self {
+        Self::InvalidArgument {
+            message: source.to_string(),
+            location: std::panic::Location::caller().to_snafu_location(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<ArrowError> for Error {
+    #[track_caller]
+    fn from(source: ArrowError) -> Self {
+        Self::Arrow {
+            message: source.to_string(),
+            location: std::panic::Location::caller().to_snafu_location(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<JsonError> for Error {
+    #[track_caller]
+    fn from(source: JsonError) -> Self {
+        Self::JSON {
+            message: source.to_string(),
+            location: std::panic::Location::caller().to_snafu_location(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<lance::Error> for Error {
+    #[track_caller]
+    fn from(source: lance::Error) -> Self {
+        match source {
+            lance::Error::DatasetNotFound {
+                path,
+                source: _,
+                location,
+            } => Self::DatasetNotFound { path, location },
+            lance::Error::DatasetAlreadyExists { uri, location } => {
+                Self::DatasetAlreadyExists { uri, location }
+            }
+            lance::Error::IO { source, location } => Self::IO { source, location },
+            lance::Error::Arrow { message, location } => Self::Arrow { message, location },
+            lance::Error::Index { message, location } => Self::Index { message, location },
+            lance::Error::InvalidInput { source, location } => Self::InvalidArgument {
+                message: source.to_string(),
+                location,
+            },
+            _ => Self::OtherLance {
+                message: source.to_string(),
+                location: std::panic::Location::caller().to_snafu_location(),
+            },
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<lancedb::Error> for Error {
+    #[track_caller]
+    fn from(source: lancedb::Error) -> Self {
+        match source {
+            lancedb::Error::InvalidTableName { name, reason } => {
+                Self::InvalidTableName { name, reason }
+            }
+            lancedb::Error::InvalidInput { message } => Self::InvalidArgument {
+                message,
+                location: std::panic::Location::caller().to_snafu_location(),
+            },
+            lancedb::Error::TableNotFound { name } => Self::TableNotFound { name },
+            lancedb::Error::TableAlreadyExists { name } => Self::TableAlreadyExists { name },
+            lancedb::Error::EmbeddingFunctionNotFound { name, reason } => {
+                Self::EmbeddingFunctionNotFound {
+                    name,
+                    reason,
+                    location: std::panic::Location::caller().to_snafu_location(),
+                }
+            }
+            lancedb::Error::Arrow { source } => Self::Arrow {
+                message: source.to_string(),
+                location: std::panic::Location::caller().to_snafu_location(),
+            },
+            lancedb::Error::Lance { source } => Self::from(source),
+            _ => Self::OtherLanceDB {
+                message: source.to_string(),
+                location: std::panic::Location::caller().to_snafu_location(),
+            },
+        }
+    }
+}

java/core/lancedb-jni/src/ffi.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,204 @@
+// Copyright 2024 Lance Developers.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+use core::slice;
+
+use jni::objects::{JByteBuffer, JObjectArray, JString};
+use jni::sys::jobjectArray;
+use jni::{objects::JObject, JNIEnv};
+
+use crate::error::{Error, Result};
+
+/// TODO(lu) import from lance-jni without duplicate
+/// Extend JNIEnv with helper functions.
+pub trait JNIEnvExt {
+    /// Get integers from Java List<Integer> object.
+    fn get_integers(&mut self, obj: &JObject) -> Result<Vec<i32>>;
+
+    /// Get strings from Java List<String> object.
+    fn get_strings(&mut self, obj: &JObject) -> Result<Vec<String>>;
+
+    /// Get strings from Java String[] object.
+    /// Note that get Option<Vec<String>> from Java Optional<String[]> just doesn't work.
+    #[allow(unused)]
+    fn get_strings_array(&mut self, obj: jobjectArray) -> Result<Vec<String>>;
+
+    /// Get Option<String> from Java Optional<String>.
+    fn get_string_opt(&mut self, obj: &JObject) -> Result<Option<String>>;
+
+    /// Get Option<Vec<String>> from Java Optional<List<String>>.
+    #[allow(unused)]
+    fn get_strings_opt(&mut self, obj: &JObject) -> Result<Option<Vec<String>>>;
+
+    /// Get Option<i32> from Java Optional<Integer>.
+    fn get_int_opt(&mut self, obj: &JObject) -> Result<Option<i32>>;
+
+    /// Get Option<Vec<i32>> from Java Optional<List<Integer>>.
+    fn get_ints_opt(&mut self, obj: &JObject) -> Result<Option<Vec<i32>>>;
+
+    /// Get Option<i64> from Java Optional<Long>.
+    #[allow(unused)]
+    fn get_long_opt(&mut self, obj: &JObject) -> Result<Option<i64>>;
+
+    /// Get Option<u64> from Java Optional<Long>.
+    #[allow(unused)]
+    fn get_u64_opt(&mut self, obj: &JObject) -> Result<Option<u64>>;
+
+    /// Get Option<&[u8]> from Java Optional<ByteBuffer>.
+    #[allow(unused)]
+    fn get_bytes_opt(&mut self, obj: &JObject) -> Result<Option<&[u8]>>;
+
+    fn get_optional<T, F>(&mut self, obj: &JObject, f: F) -> Result<Option<T>>
+    where
+        F: FnOnce(&mut JNIEnv, &JObject) -> Result<T>;
+}
+
+impl JNIEnvExt for JNIEnv<'_> {
+    fn get_integers(&mut self, obj: &JObject) -> Result<Vec<i32>> {
+        let list = self.get_list(obj)?;
+        let mut iter = list.iter(self)?;
+        let mut results = Vec::with_capacity(list.size(self)? as usize);
+        while let Some(elem) = iter.next(self)? {
+            let int_obj = self.call_method(elem, "intValue", "()I", &[])?;
+            let int_value = int_obj.i()?;
+            results.push(int_value);
+        }
+        Ok(results)
+    }
+
+    fn get_strings(&mut self, obj: &JObject) -> Result<Vec<String>> {
+        let list = self.get_list(obj)?;
+        let mut iter = list.iter(self)?;
+        let mut results = Vec::with_capacity(list.size(self)? as usize);
+        while let Some(elem) = iter.next(self)? {
+            let jstr = JString::from(elem);
+            let val = self.get_string(&jstr)?;
+            results.push(val.to_str()?.to_string())
+        }
+        Ok(results)
+    }
+
+    fn get_strings_array(&mut self, obj: jobjectArray) -> Result<Vec<String>> {
+        let jobject_array = unsafe { JObjectArray::from_raw(obj) };
+        let array_len = self.get_array_length(&jobject_array)?;
+        let mut res: Vec<String> = Vec::new();
+        for i in 0..array_len {
+            let item: JString = self.get_object_array_element(&jobject_array, i)?.into();
+            res.push(self.get_string(&item)?.into());
+        }
+        Ok(res)
+    }
+
+    fn get_string_opt(&mut self, obj: &JObject) -> Result<Option<String>> {
+        self.get_optional(obj, |env, inner_obj| {
+            let java_obj_gen = env.call_method(inner_obj, "get", "()Ljava/lang/Object;", &[])?;
+            let java_string_obj = java_obj_gen.l()?;
+            let jstr = JString::from(java_string_obj);
+            let val = env.get_string(&jstr)?;
+            Ok(val.to_str()?.to_string())
+        })
+    }
+
+    fn get_strings_opt(&mut self, obj: &JObject) -> Result<Option<Vec<String>>> {
+        self.get_optional(obj, |env, inner_obj| {
+            let java_obj_gen = env.call_method(inner_obj, "get", "()Ljava/lang/Object;", &[])?;
+            let java_list_obj = java_obj_gen.l()?;
+            env.get_strings(&java_list_obj)
+        })
+    }
+
+    fn get_int_opt(&mut self, obj: &JObject) -> Result<Option<i32>> {
+        self.get_optional(obj, |env, inner_obj| {
+            let java_obj_gen = env.call_method(inner_obj, "get", "()Ljava/lang/Object;", &[])?;
+            let java_int_obj = java_obj_gen.l()?;
+            let int_obj = env.call_method(java_int_obj, "intValue", "()I", &[])?;
+            let int_value = int_obj.i()?;
+            Ok(int_value)
+        })
+    }
+
+    fn get_ints_opt(&mut self, obj: &JObject) -> Result<Option<Vec<i32>>> {
+        self.get_optional(obj, |env, inner_obj| {
+            let java_obj_gen = env.call_method(inner_obj, "get", "()Ljava/lang/Object;", &[])?;
+            let java_list_obj = java_obj_gen.l()?;
+            env.get_integers(&java_list_obj)
+        })
+    }
+
+    fn get_long_opt(&mut self, obj: &JObject) -> Result<Option<i64>> {
+        self.get_optional(obj, |env, inner_obj| {
+            let java_obj_gen = env.call_method(inner_obj, "get", "()Ljava/lang/Object;", &[])?;
+            let java_long_obj = java_obj_gen.l()?;
+            let long_obj = env.call_method(java_long_obj, "longValue", "()J", &[])?;
+            let long_value = long_obj.j()?;
+            Ok(long_value)
+        })
+    }
+
+    fn get_u64_opt(&mut self, obj: &JObject) -> Result<Option<u64>> {
+        self.get_optional(obj, |env, inner_obj| {
+            let java_obj_gen = env.call_method(inner_obj, "get", "()Ljava/lang/Object;", &[])?;
+            let java_long_obj = java_obj_gen.l()?;
+            let long_obj = env.call_method(java_long_obj, "longValue", "()J", &[])?;
+            let long_value = long_obj.j()?;
+            Ok(long_value as u64)
+        })
+    }
+
+    fn get_bytes_opt(&mut self, obj: &JObject) -> Result<Option<&[u8]>> {
+        self.get_optional(obj, |env, inner_obj| {
+            let java_obj_gen = env.call_method(inner_obj, "get", "()Ljava/lang/Object;", &[])?;
+            let java_byte_buffer_obj = java_obj_gen.l()?;
+            let j_byte_buffer = JByteBuffer::from(java_byte_buffer_obj);
+            let raw_data = env.get_direct_buffer_address(&j_byte_buffer)?;
+            let capacity = env.get_direct_buffer_capacity(&j_byte_buffer)?;
+            let data = unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts(raw_data, capacity) };
+            Ok(data)
+        })
+    }
+
+    fn get_optional<T, F>(&mut self, obj: &JObject, f: F) -> Result<Option<T>>
+    where
+        F: FnOnce(&mut JNIEnv, &JObject) -> Result<T>,
+    {
+        if obj.is_null() {
+            return Ok(None);
+        }
+        let is_empty = self.call_method(obj, "isEmpty", "()Z", &[])?;
+        if is_empty.z()? {
+            // TODO(lu): put get java object into here cuz can only get java Object
+            Ok(None)
+        } else {
+            f(self, obj).map(Some)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[no_mangle]
+pub extern "system" fn Java_com_lancedb_lance_test_JniTestHelper_parseInts(
+    mut env: JNIEnv,
+    _obj: JObject,
+    list_obj: JObject, // List<Integer>
+) {
+    ok_or_throw_without_return!(env, env.get_integers(&list_obj));
+}
+
+#[no_mangle]
+pub extern "system" fn Java_com_lancedb_lance_test_JniTestHelper_parseIntsOpt(
+    mut env: JNIEnv,
+    _obj: JObject,
+    list_obj: JObject, // Optional<List<Integer>>
+) {
+    ok_or_throw_without_return!(env, env.get_ints_opt(&list_obj));
+}

java/core/lancedb-jni/src/lib.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+// Copyright 2024 Lance Developers.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+use lazy_static::lazy_static;
+
+// TODO import from lance-jni without duplicate
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! ok_or_throw {
+    ($env:expr, $result:expr) => {
+        match $result {
+            Ok(value) => value,
+            Err(err) => {
+                Error::from(err).throw(&mut $env);
+                return JObject::null();
+            }
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+macro_rules! ok_or_throw_without_return {
+    ($env:expr, $result:expr) => {
+        match $result {
+            Ok(value) => value,
+            Err(err) => {
+                Error::from(err).throw(&mut $env);
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! ok_or_throw_with_return {
+    ($env:expr, $result:expr, $ret:expr) => {
+        match $result {
+            Ok(value) => value,
+            Err(err) => {
+                Error::from(err).throw(&mut $env);
+                return $ret;
+            }
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+mod connection;
+pub mod error;
+mod ffi;
+mod traits;
+
+pub use error::{Error, Result};
+
+lazy_static! {
+    static ref RT: tokio::runtime::Runtime = tokio::runtime::Builder::new_multi_thread()
+        .enable_all()
+        .build()
+        .expect("Failed to create tokio runtime");
+}

java/core/lancedb-jni/src/traits.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+// Copyright 2024 Lance Developers.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+use jni::objects::{JMap, JObject, JString, JValue};
+use jni::JNIEnv;
+
+use crate::Result;
+
+pub trait FromJObject<T> {
+    fn extract(&self) -> Result<T>;
+}
+
+/// Convert a Rust type into a Java Object.
+pub trait IntoJava {
+    fn into_java<'a>(self, env: &mut JNIEnv<'a>) -> JObject<'a>;
+}
+
+impl FromJObject<i32> for JObject<'_> {
+    fn extract(&self) -> Result<i32> {
+        Ok(JValue::from(self).i()?)
+    }
+}
+
+impl FromJObject<i64> for JObject<'_> {
+    fn extract(&self) -> Result<i64> {
+        Ok(JValue::from(self).j()?)
+    }
+}
+
+impl FromJObject<f32> for JObject<'_> {
+    fn extract(&self) -> Result<f32> {
+        Ok(JValue::from(self).f()?)
+    }
+}
+
+impl FromJObject<f64> for JObject<'_> {
+    fn extract(&self) -> Result<f64> {
+        Ok(JValue::from(self).d()?)
+    }
+}
+
+pub trait FromJString {
+    fn extract(&self, env: &mut JNIEnv) -> Result<String>;
+}
+
+impl FromJString for JString<'_> {
+    fn extract(&self, env: &mut JNIEnv) -> Result<String> {
+        Ok(env.get_string(self)?.into())
+    }
+}
+
+pub trait JMapExt {
+    #[allow(dead_code)]
+    fn get_string(&self, env: &mut JNIEnv, key: &str) -> Result<Option<String>>;
+
+    #[allow(dead_code)]
+    fn get_i32(&self, env: &mut JNIEnv, key: &str) -> Result<Option<i32>>;
+
+    #[allow(dead_code)]
+    fn get_i64(&self, env: &mut JNIEnv, key: &str) -> Result<Option<i64>>;
+
+    #[allow(dead_code)]
+    fn get_f32(&self, env: &mut JNIEnv, key: &str) -> Result<Option<f32>>;
+
+    #[allow(dead_code)]
+    fn get_f64(&self, env: &mut JNIEnv, key: &str) -> Result<Option<f64>>;
+}
+
+fn get_map_value<T>(env: &mut JNIEnv, map: &JMap, key: &str) -> Result<Option<T>>
+where
+    for<'a> JObject<'a>: FromJObject<T>,
+{
+    let key_obj: JObject = env.new_string(key)?.into();
+    if let Some(value) = map.get(env, &key_obj)? {
+        if value.is_null() {
+            Ok(None)
+        } else {
+            Ok(Some(value.extract()?))
+        }
+    } else {
+        Ok(None)
+    }
+}
+
+impl JMapExt for JMap<'_, '_, '_> {
+    fn get_string(&self, env: &mut JNIEnv, key: &str) -> Result<Option<String>> {
+        let key_obj: JObject = env.new_string(key)?.into();
+        if let Some(value) = self.get(env, &key_obj)? {
+            let value_str: JString = value.into();
+            Ok(Some(value_str.extract(env)?))
+        } else {
+            Ok(None)
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn get_i32(&self, env: &mut JNIEnv, key: &str) -> Result<Option<i32>> {
+        get_map_value(env, self, key)
+    }
+
+    fn get_i64(&self, env: &mut JNIEnv, key: &str) -> Result<Option<i64>> {
+        get_map_value(env, self, key)
+    }
+
+    fn get_f32(&self, env: &mut JNIEnv, key: &str) -> Result<Option<f32>> {
+        get_map_value(env, self, key)
+    }
+
+    fn get_f64(&self, env: &mut JNIEnv, key: &str) -> Result<Option<f64>> {
+        get_map_value(env, self, key)
+    }
+}

java/core/pom.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+
+<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
+    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
+
+    <parent>
+        <groupId>com.lancedb</groupId>
+        <artifactId>lancedb-parent</artifactId>
+        <version>0.0.3-SNAPSHOT</version>
+        <relativePath>../pom.xml</relativePath>
+    </parent>
+
+    <artifactId>lancedb-core</artifactId>
+    <name>LanceDB Core</name>
+    <packaging>jar</packaging>
+
+    <dependencies>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.apache.arrow</groupId>
+            <artifactId>arrow-vector</artifactId>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.apache.arrow</groupId>
+            <artifactId>arrow-memory-netty</artifactId>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.apache.arrow</groupId>
+            <artifactId>arrow-c-data</artifactId>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.apache.arrow</groupId>
+            <artifactId>arrow-dataset</artifactId>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.json</groupId>
+            <artifactId>json</artifactId>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.questdb</groupId>
+            <artifactId>jar-jni</artifactId>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
+            <artifactId>junit-jupiter</artifactId>
+             <scope>test</scope>
+        </dependency>
+    </dependencies>
+
+    <profiles>
+        <profile>
+            <id>build-jni</id>
+            <activation>
+                <activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
+            </activation>
+            <build>
+                <plugins>
+                    <plugin>
+                        <groupId>org.questdb</groupId>
+                        <artifactId>rust-maven-plugin</artifactId>
+                        <version>1.1.1</version>
+                        <executions>
+                            <execution>
+                                <id>lancedb-jni</id>
+                                <goals>
+                                    <goal>build</goal>
+                                </goals>
+                                <configuration>
+                                    <path>lancedb-jni</path>
+                                    <!--<release>true</release>-->
+                                    <!-- Copy native libraries to target/classes for runtime access -->
+                                    <copyTo>${project.build.directory}/classes/nativelib</copyTo>
+                                    <copyWithPlatformDir>true</copyWithPlatformDir>
+                                </configuration>
+                            </execution>
+                            <execution>
+                                <id>lancedb-jni-test</id>
+                                <goals>
+                                    <goal>test</goal>
+                                </goals>
+                                <configuration>
+                                    <path>lancedb-jni</path>
+                                    <release>false</release>
+                                    <verbosity>-v</verbosity>
+                                </configuration>
+                            </execution>
+                        </executions>
+                    </plugin>
+                </plugins>
+            </build>
+        </profile>
+    </profiles>
+</project>

java/core/src/main/java/com/lancedb/lancedb/Connection.java

@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.lancedb.lancedb;
+
+import io.questdb.jar.jni.JarJniLoader;
+import java.io.Closeable;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Optional;
+
+/**
+ * Represents LanceDB database.
+ */
+public class Connection implements Closeable {
+  static {
+    JarJniLoader.loadLib(Connection.class, "/nativelib", "lancedb_jni");
+  }
+
+  private long nativeConnectionHandle;
+
+  /**
+   * Connect to a LanceDB instance.
+   */
+  public static native Connection connect(String uri);
+
+  /**
+   * Get the names of all tables in the database. The names are sorted in
+   * ascending order.
+   *
+   * @return the table names
+   */
+  public List<String> tableNames() {
+    return tableNames(Optional.empty(), Optional.empty());
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Get the names of filtered tables in the database. The names are sorted in
+   * ascending order.
+   *
+   * @param limit The number of results to return.
+   * @return the table names
+   */
+  public List<String> tableNames(int limit) {
+    return tableNames(Optional.empty(), Optional.of(limit));
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Get the names of filtered tables in the database. The names are sorted in
+   * ascending order.
+   *
+   * @param startAfter If present, only return names that come lexicographically after the supplied
+   *                   value. This can be combined with limit to implement pagination
+   *                   by setting this to the last table name from the previous page.
+   * @return the table names
+   */
+  public List<String> tableNames(String startAfter) {
+    return tableNames(Optional.of(startAfter), Optional.empty());
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Get the names of filtered tables in the database. The names are sorted in
+   * ascending order.
+   *
+   * @param startAfter If present, only return names that come lexicographically after the supplied
+   *                   value. This can be combined with limit to implement pagination
+   *                   by setting this to the last table name from the previous page.
+   * @param limit The number of results to return.
+   * @return the table names
+   */
+  public List<String> tableNames(String startAfter, int limit) {
+    return tableNames(Optional.of(startAfter), Optional.of(limit));
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Get the names of filtered tables in the database. The names are sorted in
+   * ascending order.
+   *
+   * @param startAfter If present, only return names that come lexicographically after the supplied
+   *                   value. This can be combined with limit to implement pagination
+   *                   by setting this to the last table name from the previous page.
+   * @param limit The number of results to return.
+   * @return the table names
+   */
+  public native List<String> tableNames(
+      Optional<String> startAfter, Optional<Integer> limit);
+
+  /**
+   * Closes this connection and releases any system resources associated with it. If
+   * the connection is
+   * already closed, then invoking this method has no effect.
+   */
+  @Override
+  public void close() {
+    if (nativeConnectionHandle != 0) {
+      releaseNativeConnection(nativeConnectionHandle);
+      nativeConnectionHandle = 0;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Native method to release the Lance connection resources associated with the
+   * given handle.
+   *
+   * @param handle The native handle to the connection resource.
+   */
+  private native void releaseNativeConnection(long handle);
+
+  private Connection() {}
+}

java/core/src/test/java/com/lancedb/lancedb/ConnectionTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package com.lancedb.lancedb;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
+
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.net.URL;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.io.TempDir;
+
+public class ConnectionTest {
+  private static final String[] TABLE_NAMES = {
+      "dataset_version",
+      "new_empty_dataset",
+      "test",
+      "write_stream"
+  };
+
+  @TempDir
+  static Path tempDir; // Temporary directory for the tests
+  private static URL lanceDbURL;
+
+  @BeforeAll
+  static void setUp() {
+    ClassLoader classLoader = ConnectionTest.class.getClassLoader();
+    lanceDbURL = classLoader.getResource("example_db");
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  void emptyDB() {
+    String databaseUri = tempDir.resolve("emptyDB").toString();
+    try (Connection conn = Connection.connect(databaseUri)) {
+      List<String> tableNames = conn.tableNames();
+      assertTrue(tableNames.isEmpty());
+    }
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  void tableNames() {
+    try (Connection conn = Connection.connect(lanceDbURL.toString())) {
+      List<String> tableNames = conn.tableNames();
+      assertEquals(4, tableNames.size());
+      for (int i = 0; i < TABLE_NAMES.length; i++) {
+        assertEquals(TABLE_NAMES[i], tableNames.get(i));
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  void tableNamesStartAfter() {
+    try (Connection conn = Connection.connect(lanceDbURL.toString())) {
+      assertTableNamesStartAfter(conn, TABLE_NAMES[0], 3, TABLE_NAMES[1], TABLE_NAMES[2], TABLE_NAMES[3]);
+      assertTableNamesStartAfter(conn, TABLE_NAMES[1], 2, TABLE_NAMES[2], TABLE_NAMES[3]);
+      assertTableNamesStartAfter(conn, TABLE_NAMES[2], 1, TABLE_NAMES[3]);
+      assertTableNamesStartAfter(conn, TABLE_NAMES[3], 0);
+      assertTableNamesStartAfter(conn, "a_dataset", 4, TABLE_NAMES[0], TABLE_NAMES[1], TABLE_NAMES[2], TABLE_NAMES[3]);
+      assertTableNamesStartAfter(conn, "o_dataset", 2, TABLE_NAMES[2], TABLE_NAMES[3]);
+      assertTableNamesStartAfter(conn, "v_dataset", 1, TABLE_NAMES[3]);
+      assertTableNamesStartAfter(conn, "z_dataset", 0);
+    }
+  }
+
+  private void assertTableNamesStartAfter(Connection conn, String startAfter, int expectedSize, String... expectedNames) {
+    List<String> tableNames = conn.tableNames(startAfter);
+    assertEquals(expectedSize, tableNames.size());
+    for (int i = 0; i < expectedNames.length; i++) {
+      assertEquals(expectedNames[i], tableNames.get(i));
+    }
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  void tableNamesLimit() {
+      try (Connection conn = Connection.connect(lanceDbURL.toString())) {
+      for (int i = 0; i <= TABLE_NAMES.length; i++) {
+        List<String> tableNames = conn.tableNames(i);
+        assertEquals(i, tableNames.size());
+        for (int j = 0; j < i; j++) {
+          assertEquals(TABLE_NAMES[j], tableNames.get(j));
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  void tableNamesStartAfterLimit() {
+    try (Connection conn = Connection.connect(lanceDbURL.toString())) {
+      List<String> tableNames = conn.tableNames(TABLE_NAMES[0], 2);
+      assertEquals(2, tableNames.size());
+      assertEquals(TABLE_NAMES[1], tableNames.get(0));
+      assertEquals(TABLE_NAMES[2], tableNames.get(1));
+      tableNames = conn.tableNames(TABLE_NAMES[1], 1);
+      assertEquals(1, tableNames.size());
+      assertEquals(TABLE_NAMES[2], tableNames.get(0));
+      tableNames = conn.tableNames(TABLE_NAMES[2], 2);
+      assertEquals(1, tableNames.size());
+      assertEquals(TABLE_NAMES[3], tableNames.get(0));
+      tableNames = conn.tableNames(TABLE_NAMES[3], 2);
+      assertEquals(0, tableNames.size());
+      tableNames = conn.tableNames(TABLE_NAMES[0], 0);
+      assertEquals(0, tableNames.size());
+
+      // Limit larger than the number of remaining tables
+      tableNames = conn.tableNames(TABLE_NAMES[0], 10);
+      assertEquals(3, tableNames.size());
+      assertEquals(TABLE_NAMES[1], tableNames.get(0));
+      assertEquals(TABLE_NAMES[2], tableNames.get(1));
+      assertEquals(TABLE_NAMES[3], tableNames.get(2));
+
+      // Start after a value not in the list
+      tableNames = conn.tableNames("non_existent_table", 2);
+      assertEquals(2, tableNames.size());
+      assertEquals(TABLE_NAMES[2], tableNames.get(0));
+      assertEquals(TABLE_NAMES[3], tableNames.get(1));
+
+      // Start after the last table with a limit
+      tableNames = conn.tableNames(TABLE_NAMES[3], 1);
+      assertEquals(0, tableNames.size());
+    }
+  }
+}

java/core/src/test/resources/example_db/dataset_version.lance/_transactions/0-d51afd07-e3cd-4c76-9b9b-787e13fd55b0.txn

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+$d51afd07-e3cd-4c76-9b9b-787e13fd55b0<62>=id <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
*int320
8
name
 <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
*string0
8

java/core/src/test/resources/example_db/new_empty_dataset.lance/_transactions/0-15648e72-076f-4ef1-8b90-10d305b95b3b.txn

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+$15648e72-076f-4ef1-8b90-10d305b95b3b<33>=id <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
*int320
8
name
 <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
*string0
8

java/core/src/test/resources/example_db/test.lance/_transactions/0-a3689caf-4f6b-4afc-a3c7-97af75661843.txn

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+$a3689caf-4f6b-4afc-a3c7-97af75661843<34>oitem <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
*string8price
 <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
*double8
0vector <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
*fixed_size_list:float:28

java/pom.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,219 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
+    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
+
+    <groupId>com.lancedb</groupId>
+    <artifactId>lancedb-parent</artifactId>
+    <version>0.0.3-SNAPSHOT</version>
+    <packaging>pom</packaging>
+
+    <name>Lance Parent</name>
+    <description>LanceDB Java API</description>
+    <url>http://lancedb.com/</url>
+
+    <developers>
+        <developer>
+            <name>Lance DB Dev Group</name>
+            <email>dev@lancedb.com</email>
+        </developer>
+    </developers>
+    <licenses>
+        <license>
+            <name>The Apache Software License, Version 2.0</name>
+            <url>http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.txt</url>
+        </license>
+    </licenses>
+
+    <scm>
+        <developerConnection>scm:git:git@github.com:lancedb/lancedb.git</developerConnection>
+        <tag>HEAD</tag>
+        <url>scm:git:git@github.com:lancedb/lancedb.git</url>
+    </scm>
+
+    <properties>
+        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
+        <maven.compiler.source>11</maven.compiler.source>
+        <maven.compiler.target>11</maven.compiler.target>
+        <arrow.version>15.0.0</arrow.version>
+    </properties>
+
+    <modules>
+        <module>core</module>
+    </modules>
+
+    <dependencyManagement>
+        <dependencies>
+            <dependency>
+                <groupId>org.apache.arrow</groupId>
+                <artifactId>arrow-vector</artifactId>
+                <version>${arrow.version}</version>
+            </dependency>
+            <dependency>
+                <groupId>org.apache.arrow</groupId>
+                <artifactId>arrow-memory-netty</artifactId>
+                <version>${arrow.version}</version>
+            </dependency>
+            <dependency>
+                <groupId>org.apache.arrow</groupId>
+                <artifactId>arrow-c-data</artifactId>
+                <version>${arrow.version}</version>
+            </dependency>
+            <dependency>
+                <groupId>org.apache.arrow</groupId>
+                <artifactId>arrow-dataset</artifactId>
+                <version>${arrow.version}</version>
+            </dependency>
+            <dependency>
+                <groupId>org.questdb</groupId>
+                <artifactId>jar-jni</artifactId>
+                <version>1.1.1</version>
+            </dependency>
+            <dependency>
+                <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
+                <artifactId>junit-jupiter</artifactId>
+                <version>5.10.1</version>
+            </dependency>
+            <dependency>
+                <groupId>org.json</groupId>
+                <artifactId>json</artifactId>
+                <version>20210307</version>
+            </dependency>
+        </dependencies>
+    </dependencyManagement>
+
+     <build>
+        <plugins>
+            <plugin>
+                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+                <artifactId>maven-source-plugin</artifactId>
+                <version>2.2.1</version>
+                <executions>
+                    <execution>
+                        <id>attach-sources</id>
+                        <goals>
+                            <goal>jar-no-fork</goal>
+                        </goals>
+                    </execution>
+                </executions>
+            </plugin>
+            <plugin>
+                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+                <artifactId>maven-javadoc-plugin</artifactId>
+                <version>2.9.1</version>
+                <executions>
+                    <execution>
+                        <id>attach-javadocs</id>
+                        <goals>
+                            <goal>jar</goal>
+                        </goals>
+                    </execution>
+                </executions>
+            </plugin>
+            <plugin>
+                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+                <artifactId>maven-checkstyle-plugin</artifactId>
+                <version>3.3.1</version>
+                <configuration>
+                    <configLocation>google_checks.xml</configLocation>
+                    <consoleOutput>true</consoleOutput>
+                    <failsOnError>true</failsOnError>
+                    <violationSeverity>warning</violationSeverity>
+                    <linkXRef>false</linkXRef>
+                </configuration>
+                <executions>
+                    <execution>
+                        <id>validate</id>
+                        <phase>validate</phase>
+                        <goals>
+                            <goal>check</goal>
+                        </goals>
+                    </execution>
+                </executions>
+            </plugin>
+        </plugins>
+        <pluginManagement>
+            <plugins>
+                <plugin>
+                    <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
+                    <version>3.1.0</version>
+                </plugin>
+                <plugin>
+                    <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
+                    <version>3.0.2</version>
+                </plugin>
+                <plugin>
+                    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
+                    <version>3.8.1</version>
+                    <configuration>
+                        <compilerArgs>
+                            <arg>-h</arg>
+                            <arg>target/headers</arg>
+                        </compilerArgs>
+                    </configuration>
+                </plugin>
+                <plugin>
+                    <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
+                    <version>3.2.5</version>
+                    <configuration>
+                        <argLine>--add-opens=java.base/java.nio=ALL-UNNAMED</argLine>
+                        <forkNode implementation="org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.extensions.SurefireForkNodeFactory" />
+                        <useSystemClassLoader>false</useSystemClassLoader>
+                    </configuration>
+                </plugin>
+                <plugin>
+                    <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
+                    <version>3.0.2</version>
+                </plugin>
+                <plugin>
+                    <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
+                    <version>2.5.2</version>
+                </plugin>
+            </plugins>
+        </pluginManagement>
+    </build>
+
+    <profiles>
+        <profile>
+            <id>deploy-to-ossrh</id>
+            <build>
+                <plugins>
+                    <plugin>
+                        <groupId>org.sonatype.central</groupId>
+                        <artifactId>central-publishing-maven-plugin</artifactId>
+                        <version>0.4.0</version>
+                        <extensions>true</extensions>
+                        <configuration>
+                            <publishingServerId>ossrh</publishingServerId>
+                            <tokenAuth>true</tokenAuth>
+                        </configuration>
+                    </plugin>
+                    <plugin>
+                        <groupId>org.sonatype.plugins</groupId>
+                        <artifactId>nexus-staging-maven-plugin</artifactId>
+                        <version>1.6.13</version>
+                        <extensions>true</extensions>
+                        <configuration>
+                            <serverId>ossrh</serverId>
+                            <nexusUrl>https://s01.oss.sonatype.org/</nexusUrl>
+                            <autoReleaseAfterClose>true</autoReleaseAfterClose>
+                        </configuration>
+                    </plugin>
+                    <plugin>
+                        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+                        <artifactId>maven-gpg-plugin</artifactId>
+                        <version>1.5</version>
+                        <executions>
+                            <execution>
+                                <id>sign-artifacts</id>
+                                <phase>verify</phase>
+                                <goals>
+                                    <goal>sign</goal>
+                                </goals>
+                            </execution>
+                        </executions>
+                    </plugin>
+                </plugins>
+            </build>
+        </profile>
+    </profiles>
+</project>

node/package-lock.json

@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 {
   "name": "vectordb",
-  "version": "0.4.19",
+  "version": "0.5.0",
   "lockfileVersion": 3,
   "requires": true,
   "packages": {
     "": {
       "name": "vectordb",
-      "version": "0.4.19",
+      "version": "0.5.0",
       "cpu": [
         "x64",
         "arm64"
@@ -52,11 +52,11 @@
         "uuid": "^9.0.0"
       },
       "optionalDependencies": {
-        "@lancedb/vectordb-darwin-arm64": "0.4.19",
-        "@lancedb/vectordb-darwin-x64": "0.4.19",
-        "@lancedb/vectordb-linux-arm64-gnu": "0.4.19",
-        "@lancedb/vectordb-linux-x64-gnu": "0.4.19",
-        "@lancedb/vectordb-win32-x64-msvc": "0.4.19"
+        "@lancedb/vectordb-darwin-arm64": "0.4.20",
+        "@lancedb/vectordb-darwin-x64": "0.4.20",
+        "@lancedb/vectordb-linux-arm64-gnu": "0.4.20",
+        "@lancedb/vectordb-linux-x64-gnu": "0.4.20",
+        "@lancedb/vectordb-win32-x64-msvc": "0.4.20"
       },
       "peerDependencies": {
         "@apache-arrow/ts": "^14.0.2",
@@ -333,6 +333,66 @@
         "@jridgewell/sourcemap-codec": "^1.4.10"
       }
     },
+    "node_modules/@lancedb/vectordb-darwin-arm64": {
+      "version": "0.4.20",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@lancedb/vectordb-darwin-arm64/-/vectordb-darwin-arm64-0.4.20.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-ffP2K4sA5mQTgePyARw1y8dPN996FmpvyAYoWO+TSItaXlhcXvc+KVa5udNMCZMDYeEnEv2Xpj6k4PwW3oBz+A==",
+      "cpu": [
+        "arm64"
+      ],
+      "optional": true,
+      "os": [
+        "darwin"
+      ]
+    },
+    "node_modules/@lancedb/vectordb-darwin-x64": {
+      "version": "0.4.20",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@lancedb/vectordb-darwin-x64/-/vectordb-darwin-x64-0.4.20.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-GSYsXE20RIehDu30FjREhJdEzhnwOTV7ZsrSXagStzLY1gr7pyd7sfqxmmUtdD09di7LnQoiM71AOpPTa01YwQ==",
+      "cpu": [
+        "x64"
+      ],
+      "optional": true,
+      "os": [
+        "darwin"
+      ]
+    },
+    "node_modules/@lancedb/vectordb-linux-arm64-gnu": {
+      "version": "0.4.20",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@lancedb/vectordb-linux-arm64-gnu/-/vectordb-linux-arm64-gnu-0.4.20.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-FpNOjOsz3nJVm6EBGyNgbOW2aFhsWZ/igeY45Z8hbZaaK2YBwrg/DASoNlUzgv6IR8cUaGJ2irNVJfsKR2cG6g==",
+      "cpu": [
+        "arm64"
+      ],
+      "optional": true,
+      "os": [
+        "linux"
+      ]
+    },
+    "node_modules/@lancedb/vectordb-linux-x64-gnu": {
+      "version": "0.4.20",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@lancedb/vectordb-linux-x64-gnu/-/vectordb-linux-x64-gnu-0.4.20.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-pOqWjrRZQSrLTlQPkjidRii7NZDw8Xu9pN6ouVu2JAK8n81FXaPtFCyAI+Y3v9GpnYDN0rvD4eQ36aHAVPsa2g==",
+      "cpu": [
+        "x64"
+      ],
+      "optional": true,
+      "os": [
+        "linux"
+      ]
+    },
+    "node_modules/@lancedb/vectordb-win32-x64-msvc": {
+      "version": "0.4.20",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@lancedb/vectordb-win32-x64-msvc/-/vectordb-win32-x64-msvc-0.4.20.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-5J5SsYSJ7jRCmU/sgwVHdrGz43B/7R2T9OEoFTKyVAtqTZdu75rkytXyn9SyEayXVhlUOaw76N0ASm0hAoDS/A==",
+      "cpu": [
+        "x64"
+      ],
+      "optional": true,
+      "os": [
+        "win32"
+      ]
+    },
     "node_modules/@neon-rs/cli": {
       "version": "0.0.160",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@neon-rs/cli/-/cli-0.0.160.tgz",

node/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "vectordb",
-  "version": "0.4.19",
+  "version": "0.5.0",
   "description": " Serverless, low-latency vector database for AI applications",
   "main": "dist/index.js",
   "types": "dist/index.d.ts",
@@ -88,10 +88,10 @@
     }
   },
   "optionalDependencies": {
-    "@lancedb/vectordb-darwin-arm64": "0.4.19",
-    "@lancedb/vectordb-darwin-x64": "0.4.19",
-    "@lancedb/vectordb-linux-arm64-gnu": "0.4.19",
-    "@lancedb/vectordb-linux-x64-gnu": "0.4.19",
-    "@lancedb/vectordb-win32-x64-msvc": "0.4.19"
+    "@lancedb/vectordb-darwin-arm64": "0.4.20",
+    "@lancedb/vectordb-darwin-x64": "0.4.20",
+    "@lancedb/vectordb-linux-arm64-gnu": "0.4.20",
+    "@lancedb/vectordb-linux-x64-gnu": "0.4.20",
+    "@lancedb/vectordb-win32-x64-msvc": "0.4.20"
   }
 }

node/src/arrow.ts

@@ -27,23 +27,23 @@ import {
   RecordBatch,
   makeData,
   Struct,
-  Float,
+  type Float,
   DataType,
   Binary,
   Float32
-} from 'apache-arrow'
-import { type EmbeddingFunction } from './index'
-import { sanitizeSchema } from './sanitize'
+} from "apache-arrow";
+import { type EmbeddingFunction } from "./index";
+import { sanitizeSchema } from "./sanitize";
 
 /*
  * Options to control how a column should be converted to a vector array
  */
 export class VectorColumnOptions {
   /** Vector column type. */
-  type: Float = new Float32()
+  type: Float = new Float32();
 
-  constructor (values?: Partial<VectorColumnOptions>) {
-    Object.assign(this, values)
+  constructor(values?: Partial<VectorColumnOptions>) {
+    Object.assign(this, values);
   }
 }
 
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ export class MakeArrowTableOptions {
    * The schema must be specified if there are no records (e.g. to make
    * an empty table)
    */
-  schema?: Schema
+  schema?: Schema;
 
   /*
    * Mapping from vector column name to expected type
@@ -80,7 +80,9 @@ export class MakeArrowTableOptions {
    */
   vectorColumns: Record<string, VectorColumnOptions> = {
     vector: new VectorColumnOptions()
-  }
+  };
+
+  embeddings?: EmbeddingFunction<any>;
 
   /**
    * If true then string columns will be encoded with dictionary encoding
@@ -91,10 +93,10 @@ export class MakeArrowTableOptions {
    *
    * If `schema` is provided then this property is ignored.
    */
-  dictionaryEncodeStrings: boolean = false
+  dictionaryEncodeStrings: boolean = false;
 
-  constructor (values?: Partial<MakeArrowTableOptions>) {
-    Object.assign(this, values)
+  constructor(values?: Partial<MakeArrowTableOptions>) {
+    Object.assign(this, values);
   }
 }
 
@@ -193,59 +195,68 @@ export class MakeArrowTableOptions {
  * assert.deepEqual(table.schema, schema)
  * ```
  */
-export function makeArrowTable (
+export function makeArrowTable(
   data: Array<Record<string, any>>,
   options?: Partial<MakeArrowTableOptions>
 ): ArrowTable {
-  if (data.length === 0 && (options?.schema === undefined || options?.schema === null)) {
-    throw new Error('At least one record or a schema needs to be provided')
+  if (
+    data.length === 0 &&
+    (options?.schema === undefined || options?.schema === null)
+  ) {
+    throw new Error("At least one record or a schema needs to be provided");
   }
 
-  const opt = new MakeArrowTableOptions(options !== undefined ? options : {})
+  const opt = new MakeArrowTableOptions(options !== undefined ? options : {});
   if (opt.schema !== undefined && opt.schema !== null) {
-    opt.schema = sanitizeSchema(opt.schema)
+    opt.schema = sanitizeSchema(opt.schema);
+    opt.schema = validateSchemaEmbeddings(opt.schema, data, opt.embeddings);
   }
-  const columns: Record<string, Vector> = {}
+
+  const columns: Record<string, Vector> = {};
   // TODO: sample dataset to find missing columns
   // Prefer the field ordering of the schema, if present
-  const columnNames = ((opt.schema) != null) ? (opt.schema.names as string[]) : Object.keys(data[0])
+  const columnNames =
+    opt.schema != null ? (opt.schema.names as string[]) : Object.keys(data[0]);
   for (const colName of columnNames) {
-    if (data.length !== 0 && !Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(data[0], colName)) {
+    if (
+      data.length !== 0 &&
+      !Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(data[0], colName)
+    ) {
       // The field is present in the schema, but not in the data, skip it
-      continue
+      continue;
     }
     // Extract a single column from the records (transpose from row-major to col-major)
-    let values = data.map((datum) => datum[colName])
+    let values = data.map((datum) => datum[colName]);
 
     // By default (type === undefined) arrow will infer the type from the JS type
-    let type
+    let type;
     if (opt.schema !== undefined) {
       // If there is a schema provided, then use that for the type instead
-      type = opt.schema?.fields.filter((f) => f.name === colName)[0]?.type
+      type = opt.schema?.fields.filter((f) => f.name === colName)[0]?.type;
       if (DataType.isInt(type) && type.bitWidth === 64) {
         // wrap in BigInt to avoid bug: https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/40051
         values = values.map((v) => {
           if (v === null) {
-            return v
+            return v;
           }
-          return BigInt(v)
-        })
+          return BigInt(v);
+        });
       }
     } else {
       // Otherwise, check to see if this column is one of the vector columns
       // defined by opt.vectorColumns and, if so, use the fixed size list type
-      const vectorColumnOptions = opt.vectorColumns[colName]
+      const vectorColumnOptions = opt.vectorColumns[colName];
       if (vectorColumnOptions !== undefined) {
-        type = newVectorType(values[0].length, vectorColumnOptions.type)
+        type = newVectorType(values[0].length, vectorColumnOptions.type);
       }
     }
 
     try {
       // Convert an Array of JS values to an arrow vector
-      columns[colName] = makeVector(values, type, opt.dictionaryEncodeStrings)
+      columns[colName] = makeVector(values, type, opt.dictionaryEncodeStrings);
     } catch (error: unknown) {
       // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/restrict-template-expressions
-      throw Error(`Could not convert column "${colName}" to Arrow: ${error}`)
+      throw Error(`Could not convert column "${colName}" to Arrow: ${error}`);
     }
   }
 
@@ -260,97 +271,116 @@ export function makeArrowTable (
     // To work around this we first create a table with the wrong schema and
     // then patch the schema of the batches so we can use
     // `new ArrowTable(schema, batches)` which does not do any schema inference
-    const firstTable = new ArrowTable(columns)
-    // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-non-null-assertion
-    const batchesFixed = firstTable.batches.map(batch => new RecordBatch(opt.schema!, batch.data))
-    return new ArrowTable(opt.schema, batchesFixed)
+    const firstTable = new ArrowTable(columns);
+    const batchesFixed = firstTable.batches.map(
+      // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-non-null-assertion
+      (batch) => new RecordBatch(opt.schema!, batch.data)
+    );
+    return new ArrowTable(opt.schema, batchesFixed);
   } else {
-    return new ArrowTable(columns)
+    return new ArrowTable(columns);
   }
 }
 
 /**
  * Create an empty Arrow table with the provided schema
  */
-export function makeEmptyTable (schema: Schema): ArrowTable {
-  return makeArrowTable([], { schema })
+export function makeEmptyTable(schema: Schema): ArrowTable {
+  return makeArrowTable([], { schema });
 }
 
 // Helper function to convert Array<Array<any>> to a variable sized list array
-function makeListVector (lists: any[][]): Vector<any> {
+function makeListVector(lists: any[][]): Vector<any> {
   if (lists.length === 0 || lists[0].length === 0) {
-    throw Error('Cannot infer list vector from empty array or empty list')
+    throw Error("Cannot infer list vector from empty array or empty list");
   }
-  const sampleList = lists[0]
-  let inferredType
+  const sampleList = lists[0];
+  let inferredType;
   try {
-    const sampleVector = makeVector(sampleList)
-    inferredType = sampleVector.type
+    const sampleVector = makeVector(sampleList);
+    inferredType = sampleVector.type;
   } catch (error: unknown) {
     // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/restrict-template-expressions
-    throw Error(`Cannot infer list vector.  Cannot infer inner type: ${error}`)
+    throw Error(`Cannot infer list vector.  Cannot infer inner type: ${error}`);
   }
 
   const listBuilder = makeBuilder({
-    type: new List(new Field('item', inferredType, true))
-  })
+    type: new List(new Field("item", inferredType, true))
+  });
   for (const list of lists) {
-    listBuilder.append(list)
+    listBuilder.append(list);
   }
-  return listBuilder.finish().toVector()
+  return listBuilder.finish().toVector();
 }
 
 // Helper function to convert an Array of JS values to an Arrow Vector
-function makeVector (values: any[], type?: DataType, stringAsDictionary?: boolean): Vector<any> {
+function makeVector(
+  values: any[],
+  type?: DataType,
+  stringAsDictionary?: boolean
+): Vector<any> {
   if (type !== undefined) {
     // No need for inference, let Arrow create it
-    return vectorFromArray(values, type)
+    return vectorFromArray(values, type);
   }
   if (values.length === 0) {
-    throw Error('makeVector requires at least one value or the type must be specfied')
+    throw Error(
+      "makeVector requires at least one value or the type must be specfied"
+    );
   }
-  const sampleValue = values.find(val => val !== null && val !== undefined)
+  const sampleValue = values.find((val) => val !== null && val !== undefined);
   if (sampleValue === undefined) {
-    throw Error('makeVector cannot infer the type if all values are null or undefined')
+    throw Error(
+      "makeVector cannot infer the type if all values are null or undefined"
+    );
   }
   if (Array.isArray(sampleValue)) {
     // Default Arrow inference doesn't handle list types
-    return makeListVector(values)
+    return makeListVector(values);
   } else if (Buffer.isBuffer(sampleValue)) {
     // Default Arrow inference doesn't handle Buffer
-    return vectorFromArray(values, new Binary())
-  } else if (!(stringAsDictionary ?? false) && (typeof sampleValue === 'string' || sampleValue instanceof String)) {
+    return vectorFromArray(values, new Binary());
+  } else if (
+    !(stringAsDictionary ?? false) &&
+    (typeof sampleValue === "string" || sampleValue instanceof String)
+  ) {
     // If the type is string then don't use Arrow's default inference unless dictionaries are requested
     // because it will always use dictionary encoding for strings
-    return vectorFromArray(values, new Utf8())
+    return vectorFromArray(values, new Utf8());
   } else {
     // Convert a JS array of values to an arrow vector
-    return vectorFromArray(values)
+    return vectorFromArray(values);
   }
 }
 
-async function applyEmbeddings<T> (table: ArrowTable, embeddings?: EmbeddingFunction<T>, schema?: Schema): Promise<ArrowTable> {
+async function applyEmbeddings<T>(
+  table: ArrowTable,
+  embeddings?: EmbeddingFunction<T>,
+  schema?: Schema
+): Promise<ArrowTable> {
   if (embeddings == null) {
-    return table
+    return table;
   }
   if (schema !== undefined && schema !== null) {
-    schema = sanitizeSchema(schema)
+    schema = sanitizeSchema(schema);
   }
 
   // Convert from ArrowTable to Record<String, Vector>
   const colEntries = [...Array(table.numCols).keys()].map((_, idx) => {
-    const name = table.schema.fields[idx].name
+    const name = table.schema.fields[idx].name;
     // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-non-null-assertion
-    const vec = table.getChildAt(idx)!
-    return [name, vec]
-  })
-  const newColumns = Object.fromEntries(colEntries)
+    const vec = table.getChildAt(idx)!;
+    return [name, vec];
+  });
+  const newColumns = Object.fromEntries(colEntries);
 
-  const sourceColumn = newColumns[embeddings.sourceColumn]
-  const destColumn = embeddings.destColumn ?? 'vector'
-  const innerDestType = embeddings.embeddingDataType ?? new Float32()
+  const sourceColumn = newColumns[embeddings.sourceColumn];
+  const destColumn = embeddings.destColumn ?? "vector";
+  const innerDestType = embeddings.embeddingDataType ?? new Float32();
   if (sourceColumn === undefined) {
-    throw new Error(`Cannot apply embedding function because the source column '${embeddings.sourceColumn}' was not present in the data`)
+    throw new Error(
+      `Cannot apply embedding function because the source column '${embeddings.sourceColumn}' was not present in the data`
+    );
   }
 
   if (table.numRows === 0) {
@@ -358,45 +388,60 @@ async function applyEmbeddings<T> (table: ArrowTable, embeddings?: EmbeddingFunc
       // We have an empty table and it already has the embedding column so no work needs to be done
       // Note: we don't return an error like we did below because this is a common occurrence.  For example,
       // if we call convertToTable with 0 records and a schema that includes the embedding
-      return table
+      return table;
     }
     if (embeddings.embeddingDimension !== undefined) {
-      const destType = newVectorType(embeddings.embeddingDimension, innerDestType)
-      newColumns[destColumn] = makeVector([], destType)
+      const destType = newVectorType(
+        embeddings.embeddingDimension,
+        innerDestType
+      );
+      newColumns[destColumn] = makeVector([], destType);
     } else if (schema != null) {
-      const destField = schema.fields.find(f => f.name === destColumn)
+      const destField = schema.fields.find((f) => f.name === destColumn);
       if (destField != null) {
-        newColumns[destColumn] = makeVector([], destField.type)
+        newColumns[destColumn] = makeVector([], destField.type);
       } else {
-        throw new Error(`Attempt to apply embeddings to an empty table failed because schema was missing embedding column '${destColumn}'`)
+        throw new Error(
+          `Attempt to apply embeddings to an empty table failed because schema was missing embedding column '${destColumn}'`
+        );
       }
     } else {
-      throw new Error('Attempt to apply embeddings to an empty table when the embeddings function does not specify `embeddingDimension`')
+      throw new Error(
+        "Attempt to apply embeddings to an empty table when the embeddings function does not specify `embeddingDimension`"
+      );
     }
   } else {
     if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(newColumns, destColumn)) {
-      throw new Error(`Attempt to apply embeddings to table failed because column ${destColumn} already existed`)
+      throw new Error(
+        `Attempt to apply embeddings to table failed because column ${destColumn} already existed`
+      );
     }
     if (table.batches.length > 1) {
-      throw new Error('Internal error: `makeArrowTable` unexpectedly created a table with more than one batch')
+      throw new Error(
+        "Internal error: `makeArrowTable` unexpectedly created a table with more than one batch"
+      );
     }
-    const values = sourceColumn.toArray()
-    const vectors = await embeddings.embed(values as T[])
+    const values = sourceColumn.toArray();
+    const vectors = await embeddings.embed(values as T[]);
     if (vectors.length !== values.length) {
-      throw new Error('Embedding function did not return an embedding for each input element')
+      throw new Error(
+        "Embedding function did not return an embedding for each input element"
+      );
     }
-    const destType = newVectorType(vectors[0].length, innerDestType)
-    newColumns[destColumn] = makeVector(vectors, destType)
+    const destType = newVectorType(vectors[0].length, innerDestType);
+    newColumns[destColumn] = makeVector(vectors, destType);
   }
 
-  const newTable = new ArrowTable(newColumns)
+  const newTable = new ArrowTable(newColumns);
   if (schema != null) {
-    if (schema.fields.find(f => f.name === destColumn) === undefined) {
-      throw new Error(`When using embedding functions and specifying a schema the schema should include the embedding column but the column ${destColumn} was missing`)
+    if (schema.fields.find((f) => f.name === destColumn) === undefined) {
+      throw new Error(
+        `When using embedding functions and specifying a schema the schema should include the embedding column but the column ${destColumn} was missing`
+      );
     }
-    return alignTable(newTable, schema)
+    return alignTable(newTable, schema);
   }
-  return newTable
+  return newTable;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -417,21 +462,24 @@ async function applyEmbeddings<T> (table: ArrowTable, embeddings?: EmbeddingFunc
  * embedding columns.  If no schema is provded then embedding columns will
  * be placed at the end of the table, after all of the input columns.
  */
-export async function convertToTable<T> (
+export async function convertToTable<T>(
   data: Array<Record<string, unknown>>,
   embeddings?: EmbeddingFunction<T>,
   makeTableOptions?: Partial<MakeArrowTableOptions>
 ): Promise<ArrowTable> {
-  const table = makeArrowTable(data, makeTableOptions)
-  return await applyEmbeddings(table, embeddings, makeTableOptions?.schema)
+  const table = makeArrowTable(data, makeTableOptions);
+  return await applyEmbeddings(table, embeddings, makeTableOptions?.schema);
 }
 
 // Creates the Arrow Type for a Vector column with dimension `dim`
-function newVectorType <T extends Float> (dim: number, innerType: T): FixedSizeList<T> {
+function newVectorType<T extends Float>(
+  dim: number,
+  innerType: T
+): FixedSizeList<T> {
   // Somewhere we always default to have the elements nullable, so we need to set it to true
   // otherwise we often get schema mismatches because the stored data always has schema with nullable elements
-  const children = new Field<T>('item', innerType, true)
-  return new FixedSizeList(dim, children)
+  const children = new Field<T>("item", innerType, true);
+  return new FixedSizeList(dim, children);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -441,17 +489,17 @@ function newVectorType <T extends Float> (dim: number, innerType: T): FixedSizeL
  *
  * `schema` is required if data is empty
  */
-export async function fromRecordsToBuffer<T> (
+export async function fromRecordsToBuffer<T>(
   data: Array<Record<string, unknown>>,
   embeddings?: EmbeddingFunction<T>,
   schema?: Schema
 ): Promise<Buffer> {
   if (schema !== undefined && schema !== null) {
-    schema = sanitizeSchema(schema)
+    schema = sanitizeSchema(schema);
   }
-  const table = await convertToTable(data, embeddings, { schema })
-  const writer = RecordBatchFileWriter.writeAll(table)
-  return Buffer.from(await writer.toUint8Array())
+  const table = await convertToTable(data, embeddings, { schema, embeddings });
+  const writer = RecordBatchFileWriter.writeAll(table);
+  return Buffer.from(await writer.toUint8Array());
 }
 
 /**
@@ -461,17 +509,17 @@ export async function fromRecordsToBuffer<T> (
  *
  * `schema` is required if data is empty
  */
-export async function fromRecordsToStreamBuffer<T> (
+export async function fromRecordsToStreamBuffer<T>(
   data: Array<Record<string, unknown>>,
   embeddings?: EmbeddingFunction<T>,
   schema?: Schema
 ): Promise<Buffer> {
   if (schema !== null && schema !== undefined) {
-    schema = sanitizeSchema(schema)
+    schema = sanitizeSchema(schema);
   }
-  const table = await convertToTable(data, embeddings, { schema })
-  const writer = RecordBatchStreamWriter.writeAll(table)
-  return Buffer.from(await writer.toUint8Array())
+  const table = await convertToTable(data, embeddings, { schema });
+  const writer = RecordBatchStreamWriter.writeAll(table);
+  return Buffer.from(await writer.toUint8Array());
 }
 
 /**
@@ -482,17 +530,17 @@ export async function fromRecordsToStreamBuffer<T> (
  *
  * `schema` is required if the table is empty
  */
-export async function fromTableToBuffer<T> (
+export async function fromTableToBuffer<T>(
   table: ArrowTable,
   embeddings?: EmbeddingFunction<T>,
   schema?: Schema
 ): Promise<Buffer> {
   if (schema !== null && schema !== undefined) {
-    schema = sanitizeSchema(schema)
+    schema = sanitizeSchema(schema);
   }
-  const tableWithEmbeddings = await applyEmbeddings(table, embeddings, schema)
-  const writer = RecordBatchFileWriter.writeAll(tableWithEmbeddings)
-  return Buffer.from(await writer.toUint8Array())
+  const tableWithEmbeddings = await applyEmbeddings(table, embeddings, schema);
+  const writer = RecordBatchFileWriter.writeAll(tableWithEmbeddings);
+  return Buffer.from(await writer.toUint8Array());
 }
 
 /**
@@ -503,49 +551,85 @@ export async function fromTableToBuffer<T> (
  *
  * `schema` is required if the table is empty
  */
-export async function fromTableToStreamBuffer<T> (
+export async function fromTableToStreamBuffer<T>(
   table: ArrowTable,
   embeddings?: EmbeddingFunction<T>,
   schema?: Schema
 ): Promise<Buffer> {
   if (schema !== null && schema !== undefined) {
-    schema = sanitizeSchema(schema)
+    schema = sanitizeSchema(schema);
   }
-  const tableWithEmbeddings = await applyEmbeddings(table, embeddings, schema)
-  const writer = RecordBatchStreamWriter.writeAll(tableWithEmbeddings)
-  return Buffer.from(await writer.toUint8Array())
+  const tableWithEmbeddings = await applyEmbeddings(table, embeddings, schema);
+  const writer = RecordBatchStreamWriter.writeAll(tableWithEmbeddings);
+  return Buffer.from(await writer.toUint8Array());
 }
 
-function alignBatch (batch: RecordBatch, schema: Schema): RecordBatch {
-  const alignedChildren = []
+function alignBatch(batch: RecordBatch, schema: Schema): RecordBatch {
+  const alignedChildren = [];
   for (const field of schema.fields) {
     const indexInBatch = batch.schema.fields?.findIndex(
       (f) => f.name === field.name
-    )
+    );
     if (indexInBatch < 0) {
       throw new Error(
         `The column ${field.name} was not found in the Arrow Table`
-      )
+      );
     }
-    alignedChildren.push(batch.data.children[indexInBatch])
+    alignedChildren.push(batch.data.children[indexInBatch]);
   }
   const newData = makeData({
     type: new Struct(schema.fields),
     length: batch.numRows,
     nullCount: batch.nullCount,
     children: alignedChildren
-  })
-  return new RecordBatch(schema, newData)
+  });
+  return new RecordBatch(schema, newData);
 }
 
-function alignTable (table: ArrowTable, schema: Schema): ArrowTable {
+function alignTable(table: ArrowTable, schema: Schema): ArrowTable {
   const alignedBatches = table.batches.map((batch) =>
     alignBatch(batch, schema)
-  )
-  return new ArrowTable(schema, alignedBatches)
+  );
+  return new ArrowTable(schema, alignedBatches);
 }
 
 // Creates an empty Arrow Table
-export function createEmptyTable (schema: Schema): ArrowTable {
-  return new ArrowTable(sanitizeSchema(schema))
+export function createEmptyTable(schema: Schema): ArrowTable {
+  return new ArrowTable(sanitizeSchema(schema));
+}
+
+function validateSchemaEmbeddings(
+  schema: Schema<any>,
+  data: Array<Record<string, unknown>>,
+  embeddings: EmbeddingFunction<any> | undefined
+) {
+  const fields = [];
+  const missingEmbeddingFields = [];
+
+  // First we check if the field is a `FixedSizeList`
+  // Then we check if the data contains the field
+  // if it does not, we add it to the list of missing embedding fields
+  // Finally, we check if those missing embedding fields are `this._embeddings`
+  // if they are not, we throw an error
+  for (const field of schema.fields) {
+    if (field.type instanceof FixedSizeList) {
+      if (data.length !== 0 && data?.[0]?.[field.name] === undefined) {
+        missingEmbeddingFields.push(field);
+      } else {
+        fields.push(field);
+      }
+    } else {
+      fields.push(field);
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (missingEmbeddingFields.length > 0 && embeddings === undefined) {
+    throw new Error(
+      `Table has embeddings: "${missingEmbeddingFields
+        .map((f) => f.name)
+        .join(",")}", but no embedding function was provided`
+    );
+  }
+
+  return new Schema(fields, schema.metadata);
 }

node/src/index.ts

@@ -12,19 +12,20 @@
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.
 
-import { type Schema, Table as ArrowTable, tableFromIPC } from 'apache-arrow'
+import { type Schema, Table as ArrowTable, tableFromIPC } from "apache-arrow";
 import {
   createEmptyTable,
   fromRecordsToBuffer,
   fromTableToBuffer,
   makeArrowTable
-} from './arrow'
-import type { EmbeddingFunction } from './embedding/embedding_function'
-import { RemoteConnection } from './remote'
-import { Query } from './query'
-import { isEmbeddingFunction } from './embedding/embedding_function'
-import { type Literal, toSQL } from './util'
-import { type HttpMiddleware } from './middleware'
+} from "./arrow";
+import type { EmbeddingFunction } from "./embedding/embedding_function";
+import { RemoteConnection } from "./remote";
+import { Query } from "./query";
+import { isEmbeddingFunction } from "./embedding/embedding_function";
+import { type Literal, toSQL } from "./util";
+
+import { type HttpMiddleware } from "./middleware";
 
 const {
   databaseNew,
@@ -48,14 +49,18 @@ const {
   tableAlterColumns,
   tableDropColumns
   // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-var-requires
-} = require('../native.js')
+} = require("../native.js");
 
-export { Query }
-export type { EmbeddingFunction }
-export { OpenAIEmbeddingFunction } from './embedding/openai'
-export { convertToTable, makeArrowTable, type MakeArrowTableOptions } from './arrow'
+export { Query };
+export type { EmbeddingFunction };
+export { OpenAIEmbeddingFunction } from "./embedding/openai";
+export {
+  convertToTable,
+  makeArrowTable,
+  type MakeArrowTableOptions
+} from "./arrow";
 
-const defaultAwsRegion = 'us-west-2'
+const defaultAwsRegion = "us-west-2";
 
 export interface AwsCredentials {
   accessKeyId: string
@@ -128,19 +133,19 @@ export interface ConnectionOptions {
   readConsistencyInterval?: number
 }
 
-function getAwsArgs (opts: ConnectionOptions): any[] {
-  const callArgs: any[] = []
-  const awsCredentials = opts.awsCredentials
+function getAwsArgs(opts: ConnectionOptions): any[] {
+  const callArgs: any[] = [];
+  const awsCredentials = opts.awsCredentials;
   if (awsCredentials !== undefined) {
-    callArgs.push(awsCredentials.accessKeyId)
-    callArgs.push(awsCredentials.secretKey)
-    callArgs.push(awsCredentials.sessionToken)
+    callArgs.push(awsCredentials.accessKeyId);
+    callArgs.push(awsCredentials.secretKey);
+    callArgs.push(awsCredentials.sessionToken);
   } else {
-    callArgs.fill(undefined, 0, 3)
+    callArgs.fill(undefined, 0, 3);
   }
 
-  callArgs.push(opts.awsRegion)
-  return callArgs
+  callArgs.push(opts.awsRegion);
+  return callArgs;
 }
 
 export interface CreateTableOptions<T> {
@@ -173,56 +178,56 @@ export interface CreateTableOptions<T> {
  *
  * @see {@link ConnectionOptions} for more details on the URI format.
  */
-export async function connect (uri: string): Promise<Connection>
+export async function connect(uri: string): Promise<Connection>;
 /**
  * Connect to a LanceDB instance with connection options.
  *
  * @param opts The {@link ConnectionOptions} to use when connecting to the database.
  */
-export async function connect (
+export async function connect(
   opts: Partial<ConnectionOptions>
-): Promise<Connection>
-export async function connect (
+): Promise<Connection>;
+export async function connect(
   arg: string | Partial<ConnectionOptions>
 ): Promise<Connection> {
-  let opts: ConnectionOptions
-  if (typeof arg === 'string') {
-    opts = { uri: arg }
+  let opts: ConnectionOptions;
+  if (typeof arg === "string") {
+    opts = { uri: arg };
   } else {
-    const keys = Object.keys(arg)
-    if (keys.length === 1 && keys[0] === 'uri' && typeof arg.uri === 'string') {
-      opts = { uri: arg.uri }
+    const keys = Object.keys(arg);
+    if (keys.length === 1 && keys[0] === "uri" && typeof arg.uri === "string") {
+      opts = { uri: arg.uri };
     } else {
       opts = Object.assign(
         {
-          uri: '',
+          uri: "",
           awsCredentials: undefined,
           awsRegion: defaultAwsRegion,
           apiKey: undefined,
           region: defaultAwsRegion
         },
         arg
-      )
+      );
     }
   }
 
-  if (opts.uri.startsWith('db://')) {
+  if (opts.uri.startsWith("db://")) {
     // Remote connection
-    return new RemoteConnection(opts)
+    return new RemoteConnection(opts);
   }
 
   const storageOptions = opts.storageOptions ?? {};
   if (opts.awsCredentials?.accessKeyId !== undefined) {
-    storageOptions.aws_access_key_id = opts.awsCredentials.accessKeyId
+    storageOptions.aws_access_key_id = opts.awsCredentials.accessKeyId;
   }
   if (opts.awsCredentials?.secretKey !== undefined) {
-    storageOptions.aws_secret_access_key = opts.awsCredentials.secretKey
+    storageOptions.aws_secret_access_key = opts.awsCredentials.secretKey;
   }
   if (opts.awsCredentials?.sessionToken !== undefined) {
-    storageOptions.aws_session_token = opts.awsCredentials.sessionToken
+    storageOptions.aws_session_token = opts.awsCredentials.sessionToken;
   }
   if (opts.awsRegion !== undefined) {
-    storageOptions.region = opts.awsRegion
+    storageOptions.region = opts.awsRegion;
   }
   // It's a pain to pass a record to Rust, so we convert it to an array of key-value pairs
   const storageOptionsArr = Object.entries(storageOptions);
@@ -231,8 +236,8 @@ export async function connect (
     opts.uri,
     storageOptionsArr,
     opts.readConsistencyInterval
-  )
-  return new LocalConnection(db, opts)
+  );
+  return new LocalConnection(db, opts);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -533,7 +538,11 @@ export interface Table<T = number[]> {
    * @param data the new data to insert
    * @param args parameters controlling how the operation should behave
    */
-  mergeInsert: (on: string, data: Array<Record<string, unknown>> | ArrowTable, args: MergeInsertArgs) => Promise<void>
+  mergeInsert: (
+    on: string,
+    data: Array<Record<string, unknown>> | ArrowTable,
+    args: MergeInsertArgs
+  ) => Promise<void>
 
   /**
    * List the indicies on this table.
@@ -558,7 +567,9 @@ export interface Table<T = number[]> {
    *                            expressions will be evaluated for each row in the
    *                            table, and can reference existing columns in the table.
    */
-  addColumns(newColumnTransforms: Array<{ name: string, valueSql: string }>): Promise<void>
+  addColumns(
+    newColumnTransforms: Array<{ name: string, valueSql: string }>
+  ): Promise<void>
 
   /**
    * Alter the name or nullability of columns.
@@ -699,23 +710,23 @@ export interface IndexStats {
  * A connection to a LanceDB database.
  */
 export class LocalConnection implements Connection {
-  private readonly _options: () => ConnectionOptions
-  private readonly _db: any
+  private readonly _options: () => ConnectionOptions;
+  private readonly _db: any;
 
-  constructor (db: any, options: ConnectionOptions) {
-    this._options = () => options
-    this._db = db
+  constructor(db: any, options: ConnectionOptions) {
+    this._options = () => options;
+    this._db = db;
   }
 
-  get uri (): string {
-    return this._options().uri
+  get uri(): string {
+    return this._options().uri;
   }
 
   /**
    * Get the names of all tables in the database.
    */
-  async tableNames (): Promise<string[]> {
-    return databaseTableNames.call(this._db)
+  async tableNames(): Promise<string[]> {
+    return databaseTableNames.call(this._db);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -723,7 +734,7 @@ export class LocalConnection implements Connection {
    *
    * @param name The name of the table.
    */
-  async openTable (name: string): Promise<Table>
+  async openTable(name: string): Promise<Table>;
 
   /**
    * Open a table in the database.
@@ -734,23 +745,20 @@ export class LocalConnection implements Connection {
   async openTable<T>(
     name: string,
     embeddings: EmbeddingFunction<T>
-  ): Promise<Table<T>>
+  ): Promise<Table<T>>;
   async openTable<T>(
     name: string,
     embeddings?: EmbeddingFunction<T>
-  ): Promise<Table<T>>
+  ): Promise<Table<T>>;
   async openTable<T>(
     name: string,
     embeddings?: EmbeddingFunction<T>
   ): Promise<Table<T>> {
-    const tbl = await databaseOpenTable.call(
-      this._db,
-      name,
-    )
+    const tbl = await databaseOpenTable.call(this._db, name);
     if (embeddings !== undefined) {
-      return new LocalTable(tbl, name, this._options(), embeddings)
+      return new LocalTable(tbl, name, this._options(), embeddings);
     } else {
-      return new LocalTable(tbl, name, this._options())
+      return new LocalTable(tbl, name, this._options());
     }
   }
 
@@ -760,32 +768,32 @@ export class LocalConnection implements Connection {
     optsOrEmbedding?: WriteOptions | EmbeddingFunction<T>,
     opt?: WriteOptions
   ): Promise<Table<T>> {
-    if (typeof name === 'string') {
-      let writeOptions: WriteOptions = new DefaultWriteOptions()
+    if (typeof name === "string") {
+      let writeOptions: WriteOptions = new DefaultWriteOptions();
       if (opt !== undefined && isWriteOptions(opt)) {
-        writeOptions = opt
+        writeOptions = opt;
       } else if (
         optsOrEmbedding !== undefined &&
         isWriteOptions(optsOrEmbedding)
       ) {
-        writeOptions = optsOrEmbedding
+        writeOptions = optsOrEmbedding;
       }
 
-      let embeddings: undefined | EmbeddingFunction<T>
+      let embeddings: undefined | EmbeddingFunction<T>;
       if (
         optsOrEmbedding !== undefined &&
         isEmbeddingFunction(optsOrEmbedding)
       ) {
-        embeddings = optsOrEmbedding
+        embeddings = optsOrEmbedding;
       }
       return await this.createTableImpl({
         name,
         data,
         embeddingFunction: embeddings,
         writeOptions
-      })
+      });
     }
-    return await this.createTableImpl(name)
+    return await this.createTableImpl(name);
   }
 
   private async createTableImpl<T>({
@@ -801,27 +809,27 @@ export class LocalConnection implements Connection {
     embeddingFunction?: EmbeddingFunction<T> | undefined
     writeOptions?: WriteOptions | undefined
   }): Promise<Table<T>> {
-    let buffer: Buffer
+    let buffer: Buffer;
 
-    function isEmpty (
+    function isEmpty(
       data: Array<Record<string, unknown>> | ArrowTable<any>
     ): boolean {
       if (data instanceof ArrowTable) {
-        return data.data.length === 0
+        return data.data.length === 0;
       }
-      return data.length === 0
+      return data.length === 0;
     }
 
     if (data === undefined || isEmpty(data)) {
       if (schema === undefined) {
-        throw new Error('Either data or schema needs to defined')
+        throw new Error("Either data or schema needs to defined");
       }
-      buffer = await fromTableToBuffer(createEmptyTable(schema))
+      buffer = await fromTableToBuffer(createEmptyTable(schema));
     } else if (data instanceof ArrowTable) {
-      buffer = await fromTableToBuffer(data, embeddingFunction, schema)
+      buffer = await fromTableToBuffer(data, embeddingFunction, schema);
     } else {
       // data is Array<Record<...>>
-      buffer = await fromRecordsToBuffer(data, embeddingFunction, schema)
+      buffer = await fromRecordsToBuffer(data, embeddingFunction, schema);
     }
 
     const tbl = await tableCreate.call(
@@ -830,11 +838,11 @@ export class LocalConnection implements Connection {
       buffer,
       writeOptions?.writeMode?.toString(),
       ...getAwsArgs(this._options())
-    )
+    );
     if (embeddingFunction !== undefined) {
-      return new LocalTable(tbl, name, this._options(), embeddingFunction)
+      return new LocalTable(tbl, name, this._options(), embeddingFunction);
     } else {
-      return new LocalTable(tbl, name, this._options())
+      return new LocalTable(tbl, name, this._options());
     }
   }
 
@@ -842,69 +850,69 @@ export class LocalConnection implements Connection {
    * Drop an existing table.
    * @param name The name of the table to drop.
    */
-  async dropTable (name: string): Promise<void> {
-    await databaseDropTable.call(this._db, name)
+  async dropTable(name: string): Promise<void> {
+    await databaseDropTable.call(this._db, name);
   }
 
-  withMiddleware (middleware: HttpMiddleware): Connection {
-    return this
+  withMiddleware(middleware: HttpMiddleware): Connection {
+    return this;
   }
 }
 
 export class LocalTable<T = number[]> implements Table<T> {
-  private _tbl: any
-  private readonly _name: string
-  private readonly _isElectron: boolean
-  private readonly _embeddings?: EmbeddingFunction<T>
-  private readonly _options: () => ConnectionOptions
+  private _tbl: any;
+  private readonly _name: string;
+  private readonly _isElectron: boolean;
+  private readonly _embeddings?: EmbeddingFunction<T>;
+  private readonly _options: () => ConnectionOptions;
 
-  constructor (tbl: any, name: string, options: ConnectionOptions)
+  constructor(tbl: any, name: string, options: ConnectionOptions);
   /**
    * @param tbl
    * @param name
    * @param options
    * @param embeddings An embedding function to use when interacting with this table
    */
-  constructor (
+  constructor(
     tbl: any,
     name: string,
     options: ConnectionOptions,
     embeddings: EmbeddingFunction<T>
-  )
-  constructor (
+  );
+  constructor(
     tbl: any,
     name: string,
     options: ConnectionOptions,
     embeddings?: EmbeddingFunction<T>
   ) {
-    this._tbl = tbl
-    this._name = name
-    this._embeddings = embeddings
-    this._options = () => options
-    this._isElectron = this.checkElectron()
+    this._tbl = tbl;
+    this._name = name;
+    this._embeddings = embeddings;
+    this._options = () => options;
+    this._isElectron = this.checkElectron();
   }
 
-  get name (): string {
-    return this._name
+  get name(): string {
+    return this._name;
   }
 
   /**
    * Creates a search query to find the nearest neighbors of the given search term
    * @param query The query search term
    */
-  search (query: T): Query<T> {
-    return new Query(query, this._tbl, this._embeddings)
+  search(query: T): Query<T> {
+    return new Query(query, this._tbl, this._embeddings);
   }
 
   /**
    * Creates a filter query to find all rows matching the specified criteria
    * @param value The filter criteria (like SQL where clause syntax)
    */
-  filter (value: string): Query<T> {
-    return new Query(undefined, this._tbl, this._embeddings).filter(value)
+  filter(value: string): Query<T> {
+    return new Query(undefined, this._tbl, this._embeddings).filter(value);
   }
 
-  where = this.filter
+  where = this.filter;
 
   /**
    * Insert records into this Table.
@@ -912,16 +920,19 @@ export class LocalTable<T = number[]> implements Table<T> {
    * @param data Records to be inserted into the Table
    * @return The number of rows added to the table
    */
-  async add (
+  async add(
     data: Array<Record<string, unknown>> | ArrowTable
   ): Promise<number> {
-    const schema = await this.schema
-    let tbl: ArrowTable
+    const schema = await this.schema;
+
+    let tbl: ArrowTable;
+
     if (data instanceof ArrowTable) {
-      tbl = data
+      tbl = data;
     } else {
-      tbl = makeArrowTable(data, { schema })
+      tbl = makeArrowTable(data, { schema, embeddings: this._embeddings });
     }
+
     return tableAdd
       .call(
         this._tbl,
@@ -930,8 +941,8 @@ export class LocalTable<T = number[]> implements Table<T> {
         ...getAwsArgs(this._options())
       )
       .then((newTable: any) => {
-        this._tbl = newTable
-      })
+        this._tbl = newTable;
+      });
   }
 
   /**
@@ -940,14 +951,14 @@ export class LocalTable<T = number[]> implements Table<T> {
    * @param data Records to be inserted into the Table
    * @return The number of rows added to the table
    */
-  async overwrite (
+  async overwrite(
     data: Array<Record<string, unknown>> | ArrowTable
   ): Promise<number> {
-    let buffer: Buffer
+    let buffer: Buffer;
     if (data instanceof ArrowTable) {
-      buffer = await fromTableToBuffer(data, this._embeddings)
+      buffer = await fromTableToBuffer(data, this._embeddings);
     } else {
-      buffer = await fromRecordsToBuffer(data, this._embeddings)
+      buffer = await fromRecordsToBuffer(data, this._embeddings);
     }
     return tableAdd
       .call(
@@ -957,8 +968,8 @@ export class LocalTable<T = number[]> implements Table<T> {
         ...getAwsArgs(this._options())
       )
       .then((newTable: any) => {
-        this._tbl = newTable
-      })
+        this._tbl = newTable;
+      });
   }
 
   /**
@@ -966,26 +977,26 @@ export class LocalTable<T = number[]> implements Table<T> {
    *
    * @param indexParams The parameters of this Index, @see VectorIndexParams.
    */
-  async createIndex (indexParams: VectorIndexParams): Promise<any> {
+  async createIndex(indexParams: VectorIndexParams): Promise<any> {
     return tableCreateVectorIndex
       .call(this._tbl, indexParams)
       .then((newTable: any) => {
-        this._tbl = newTable
-      })
+        this._tbl = newTable;
+      });
   }
 
-  async createScalarIndex (column: string, replace?: boolean): Promise<void> {
+  async createScalarIndex(column: string, replace?: boolean): Promise<void> {
     if (replace === undefined) {
-      replace = true
+      replace = true;
     }
-    return tableCreateScalarIndex.call(this._tbl, column, replace)
+    return tableCreateScalarIndex.call(this._tbl, column, replace);
   }
 
   /**
    * Returns the number of rows in this table.
    */
-  async countRows (filter?: string): Promise<number> {
-    return tableCountRows.call(this._tbl, filter)
+  async countRows(filter?: string): Promise<number> {
+    return tableCountRows.call(this._tbl, filter);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -993,10 +1004,10 @@ export class LocalTable<T = number[]> implements Table<T> {
    *
    * @param filter A filter in the same format used by a sql WHERE clause.
    */
-  async delete (filter: string): Promise<void> {
+  async delete(filter: string): Promise<void> {
     return tableDelete.call(this._tbl, filter).then((newTable: any) => {
-      this._tbl = newTable
-    })
+      this._tbl = newTable;
+    });
   }
 
   /**
@@ -1006,55 +1017,65 @@ export class LocalTable<T = number[]> implements Table<T> {
    *
    * @returns
    */
-  async update (args: UpdateArgs | UpdateSqlArgs): Promise<void> {
-    let filter: string | null
-    let updates: Record<string, string>
+  async update(args: UpdateArgs | UpdateSqlArgs): Promise<void> {
+    let filter: string | null;
+    let updates: Record<string, string>;
 
-    if ('valuesSql' in args) {
-      filter = args.where ?? null
-      updates = args.valuesSql
+    if ("valuesSql" in args) {
+      filter = args.where ?? null;
+      updates = args.valuesSql;
     } else {
-      filter = args.where ?? null
-      updates = {}
+      filter = args.where ?? null;
+      updates = {};
       for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(args.values)) {
-        updates[key] = toSQL(value)
+        updates[key] = toSQL(value);
       }
     }
 
     return tableUpdate
       .call(this._tbl, filter, updates)
       .then((newTable: any) => {
-        this._tbl = newTable
-      })
+        this._tbl = newTable;
+      });
   }
 
-  async mergeInsert (on: string, data: Array<Record<string, unknown>> | ArrowTable, args: MergeInsertArgs): Promise<void> {
-    let whenMatchedUpdateAll = false
-    let whenMatchedUpdateAllFilt = null
-    if (args.whenMatchedUpdateAll !== undefined && args.whenMatchedUpdateAll !== null) {
-      whenMatchedUpdateAll = true
+  async mergeInsert(
+    on: string,
+    data: Array<Record<string, unknown>> | ArrowTable,
+    args: MergeInsertArgs
+  ): Promise<void> {
+    let whenMatchedUpdateAll = false;
+    let whenMatchedUpdateAllFilt = null;
+    if (
+      args.whenMatchedUpdateAll !== undefined &&
+      args.whenMatchedUpdateAll !== null
+    ) {
+      whenMatchedUpdateAll = true;
       if (args.whenMatchedUpdateAll !== true) {
-        whenMatchedUpdateAllFilt = args.whenMatchedUpdateAll
+        whenMatchedUpdateAllFilt = args.whenMatchedUpdateAll;
       }
     }
-    const whenNotMatchedInsertAll = args.whenNotMatchedInsertAll ?? false
-    let whenNotMatchedBySourceDelete = false
-    let whenNotMatchedBySourceDeleteFilt = null
-    if (args.whenNotMatchedBySourceDelete !== undefined && args.whenNotMatchedBySourceDelete !== null) {
-      whenNotMatchedBySourceDelete = true
+    const whenNotMatchedInsertAll = args.whenNotMatchedInsertAll ?? false;
+    let whenNotMatchedBySourceDelete = false;
+    let whenNotMatchedBySourceDeleteFilt = null;
+    if (
+      args.whenNotMatchedBySourceDelete !== undefined &&
+      args.whenNotMatchedBySourceDelete !== null
+    ) {
+      whenNotMatchedBySourceDelete = true;
       if (args.whenNotMatchedBySourceDelete !== true) {
-        whenNotMatchedBySourceDeleteFilt = args.whenNotMatchedBySourceDelete
+        whenNotMatchedBySourceDeleteFilt = args.whenNotMatchedBySourceDelete;
       }
     }
 
-    const schema = await this.schema
-    let tbl: ArrowTable
+    const schema = await this.schema;
+    let tbl: ArrowTable;
     if (data instanceof ArrowTable) {
-      tbl = data
+      tbl = data;
     } else {
-      tbl = makeArrowTable(data, { schema })
+      tbl = makeArrowTable(data, { schema });
     }
-    const buffer = await fromTableToBuffer(tbl, this._embeddings, schema)
+    const buffer = await fromTableToBuffer(tbl, this._embeddings, schema);
 
     this._tbl = await tableMergeInsert.call(
       this._tbl,
@@ -1065,7 +1086,7 @@ export class LocalTable<T = number[]> implements Table<T> {
       whenNotMatchedBySourceDelete,
       whenNotMatchedBySourceDeleteFilt,
       buffer
-    )
+    );
   }
 
   /**
@@ -1083,16 +1104,16 @@ export class LocalTable<T = number[]> implements Table<T> {
    *                 uphold this promise can lead to corrupted tables.
    * @returns
    */
-  async cleanupOldVersions (
+  async cleanupOldVersions(
     olderThan?: number,
     deleteUnverified?: boolean
   ): Promise<CleanupStats> {
     return tableCleanupOldVersions
       .call(this._tbl, olderThan, deleteUnverified)
       .then((res: { newTable: any, metrics: CleanupStats }) => {
-        this._tbl = res.newTable
-        return res.metrics
-      })
+        this._tbl = res.newTable;
+        return res.metrics;
+      });
   }
 
   /**
@@ -1106,62 +1127,64 @@ export class LocalTable<T = number[]> implements Table<T> {
    *               for most tables.
    * @returns Metrics about the compaction operation.
    */
-  async compactFiles (options?: CompactionOptions): Promise<CompactionMetrics> {
-    const optionsArg = options ?? {}
+  async compactFiles(options?: CompactionOptions): Promise<CompactionMetrics> {
+    const optionsArg = options ?? {};
     return tableCompactFiles
       .call(this._tbl, optionsArg)
       .then((res: { newTable: any, metrics: CompactionMetrics }) => {
-        this._tbl = res.newTable
-        return res.metrics
-      })
+        this._tbl = res.newTable;
+        return res.metrics;
+      });
   }
 
-  async listIndices (): Promise<VectorIndex[]> {
-    return tableListIndices.call(this._tbl)
+  async listIndices(): Promise<VectorIndex[]> {
+    return tableListIndices.call(this._tbl);
   }
 
-  async indexStats (indexUuid: string): Promise<IndexStats> {
-    return tableIndexStats.call(this._tbl, indexUuid)
+  async indexStats(indexUuid: string): Promise<IndexStats> {
+    return tableIndexStats.call(this._tbl, indexUuid);
   }
 
-  get schema (): Promise<Schema> {
+  get schema(): Promise<Schema> {
     // empty table
-    return this.getSchema()
+    return this.getSchema();
   }
 
-  private async getSchema (): Promise<Schema> {
-    const buffer = await tableSchema.call(this._tbl, this._isElectron)
-    const table = tableFromIPC(buffer)
-    return table.schema
+  private async getSchema(): Promise<Schema> {
+    const buffer = await tableSchema.call(this._tbl, this._isElectron);
+    const table = tableFromIPC(buffer);
+    return table.schema;
   }
 
   // See https://github.com/electron/electron/issues/2288
-  private checkElectron (): boolean {
+  private checkElectron(): boolean {
     try {
       // eslint-disable-next-line no-prototype-builtins
       return (
-        Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(process?.versions, 'electron') ||
-        navigator?.userAgent?.toLowerCase()?.includes(' electron')
-      )
+        Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(process?.versions, "electron") ||
+        navigator?.userAgent?.toLowerCase()?.includes(" electron")
+      );
     } catch (e) {
-      return false
+      return false;
     }
   }
 
-  async addColumns (newColumnTransforms: Array<{ name: string, valueSql: string }>): Promise<void> {
-    return tableAddColumns.call(this._tbl, newColumnTransforms)
+  async addColumns(
+    newColumnTransforms: Array<{ name: string, valueSql: string }>
+  ): Promise<void> {
+    return tableAddColumns.call(this._tbl, newColumnTransforms);
   }
 
-  async alterColumns (columnAlterations: ColumnAlteration[]): Promise<void> {
-    return tableAlterColumns.call(this._tbl, columnAlterations)
+  async alterColumns(columnAlterations: ColumnAlteration[]): Promise<void> {
+    return tableAlterColumns.call(this._tbl, columnAlterations);
   }
 
-  async dropColumns (columnNames: string[]): Promise<void> {
-    return tableDropColumns.call(this._tbl, columnNames)
+  async dropColumns(columnNames: string[]): Promise<void> {
+    return tableDropColumns.call(this._tbl, columnNames);
   }
 
-  withMiddleware (middleware: HttpMiddleware): Table<T> {
-    return this
+  withMiddleware(middleware: HttpMiddleware): Table<T> {
+    return this;
   }
 }
 
@@ -1184,7 +1207,7 @@ export interface CompactionOptions {
    */
   targetRowsPerFragment?: number
   /**
-   * The maximum number of rows per group. Defaults to 1024.
+   * The maximum number of T per group. Defaults to 1024.
    */
   maxRowsPerGroup?: number
   /**
@@ -1284,21 +1307,21 @@ export interface IvfPQIndexConfig {
    */
   index_cache_size?: number
 
-  type: 'ivf_pq'
+  type: "ivf_pq"
 }
 
-export type VectorIndexParams = IvfPQIndexConfig
+export type VectorIndexParams = IvfPQIndexConfig;
 
 /**
  * Write mode for writing a table.
  */
 export enum WriteMode {
   /** Create a new {@link Table}. */
-  Create = 'create',
+  Create = "create",
   /** Overwrite the existing {@link Table} if presented. */
-  Overwrite = 'overwrite',
+  Overwrite = "overwrite",
   /** Append new data to the table. */
-  Append = 'append',
+  Append = "append",
 }
 
 /**
@@ -1310,14 +1333,14 @@ export interface WriteOptions {
 }
 
 export class DefaultWriteOptions implements WriteOptions {
-  writeMode = WriteMode.Create
+  writeMode = WriteMode.Create;
 }
 
-export function isWriteOptions (value: any): value is WriteOptions {
+export function isWriteOptions(value: any): value is WriteOptions {
   return (
     Object.keys(value).length === 1 &&
-    (value.writeMode === undefined || typeof value.writeMode === 'string')
-  )
+    (value.writeMode === undefined || typeof value.writeMode === "string")
+  );
 }
 
 /**
@@ -1327,15 +1350,15 @@ export enum MetricType {
   /**
    * Euclidean distance
    */
-  L2 = 'l2',
+  L2 = "l2",
 
   /**
    * Cosine distance
    */
-  Cosine = 'cosine',
+  Cosine = "cosine",
 
   /**
    * Dot product
    */
-  Dot = 'dot',
+  Dot = "dot",
 }

node/src/sanitize.ts

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ import {
   Bool,
   Date_,
   Decimal,
-  DataType,
+  type DataType,
   Dictionary,
   Binary,
   Float32,
@@ -74,12 +74,12 @@ import {
   DurationNanosecond,
   DurationMicrosecond,
   DurationMillisecond,
-  DurationSecond,
+  DurationSecond
 } from "apache-arrow";
 import type { IntBitWidth, TimeBitWidth } from "apache-arrow/type";
 
 function sanitizeMetadata(
-  metadataLike?: unknown,
+  metadataLike?: unknown
 ): Map<string, string> | undefined {
   if (metadataLike === undefined || metadataLike === null) {
     return undefined;
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ function sanitizeMetadata(
   for (const item of metadataLike) {
     if (!(typeof item[0] === "string" || !(typeof item[1] === "string"))) {
       throw Error(
-        "Expected metadata, if present, to be a Map<string, string> but it had non-string keys or values",
+        "Expected metadata, if present, to be a Map<string, string> but it had non-string keys or values"
       );
     }
   }
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ function sanitizeInt(typeLike: object) {
     typeof typeLike.isSigned !== "boolean"
   ) {
     throw Error(
-      "Expected an Int Type to have a `bitWidth` and `isSigned` property",
+      "Expected an Int Type to have a `bitWidth` and `isSigned` property"
     );
   }
   return new Int(typeLike.isSigned, typeLike.bitWidth as IntBitWidth);
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ function sanitizeDecimal(typeLike: object) {
     typeof typeLike.bitWidth !== "number"
   ) {
     throw Error(
-      "Expected a Decimal Type to have `scale`, `precision`, and `bitWidth` properties",
+      "Expected a Decimal Type to have `scale`, `precision`, and `bitWidth` properties"
     );
   }
   return new Decimal(typeLike.scale, typeLike.precision, typeLike.bitWidth);
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ function sanitizeTime(typeLike: object) {
     typeof typeLike.bitWidth !== "number"
   ) {
     throw Error(
-      "Expected a Time type to have `unit` and `bitWidth` properties",
+      "Expected a Time type to have `unit` and `bitWidth` properties"
     );
   }
   return new Time(typeLike.unit, typeLike.bitWidth as TimeBitWidth);
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ function sanitizeTypedTimestamp(
     | typeof TimestampNanosecond
     | typeof TimestampMicrosecond
     | typeof TimestampMillisecond
-    | typeof TimestampSecond,
+    | typeof TimestampSecond
 ) {
   let timezone = null;
   if ("timezone" in typeLike && typeof typeLike.timezone === "string") {
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ function sanitizeInterval(typeLike: object) {
 function sanitizeList(typeLike: object) {
   if (!("children" in typeLike) || !Array.isArray(typeLike.children)) {
     throw Error(
-      "Expected a List type to have an array-like `children` property",
+      "Expected a List type to have an array-like `children` property"
     );
   }
   if (typeLike.children.length !== 1) {
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ function sanitizeList(typeLike: object) {
 function sanitizeStruct(typeLike: object) {
   if (!("children" in typeLike) || !Array.isArray(typeLike.children)) {
     throw Error(
-      "Expected a Struct type to have an array-like `children` property",
+      "Expected a Struct type to have an array-like `children` property"
     );
   }
   return new Struct(typeLike.children.map((child) => sanitizeField(child)));
@@ -216,47 +216,47 @@ function sanitizeUnion(typeLike: object) {
     typeof typeLike.mode !== "number"
   ) {
     throw Error(
-      "Expected a Union type to have `typeIds` and `mode` properties",
+      "Expected a Union type to have `typeIds` and `mode` properties"
     );
   }
   if (!("children" in typeLike) || !Array.isArray(typeLike.children)) {
     throw Error(
-      "Expected a Union type to have an array-like `children` property",
+      "Expected a Union type to have an array-like `children` property"
     );
   }
 
   return new Union(
     typeLike.mode,
     typeLike.typeIds as any,
-    typeLike.children.map((child) => sanitizeField(child)),
+    typeLike.children.map((child) => sanitizeField(child))
   );
 }
 
 function sanitizeTypedUnion(
   typeLike: object,
-  UnionType: typeof DenseUnion | typeof SparseUnion,
+  UnionType: typeof DenseUnion | typeof SparseUnion
 ) {
   if (!("typeIds" in typeLike)) {
     throw Error(
-      "Expected a DenseUnion/SparseUnion type to have a `typeIds` property",
+      "Expected a DenseUnion/SparseUnion type to have a `typeIds` property"
     );
   }
   if (!("children" in typeLike) || !Array.isArray(typeLike.children)) {
     throw Error(
-      "Expected a DenseUnion/SparseUnion type to have an array-like `children` property",
+      "Expected a DenseUnion/SparseUnion type to have an array-like `children` property"
     );
   }
 
   return new UnionType(
     typeLike.typeIds as any,
-    typeLike.children.map((child) => sanitizeField(child)),
+    typeLike.children.map((child) => sanitizeField(child))
   );
 }
 
 function sanitizeFixedSizeBinary(typeLike: object) {
   if (!("byteWidth" in typeLike) || typeof typeLike.byteWidth !== "number") {
     throw Error(
-      "Expected a FixedSizeBinary type to have a `byteWidth` property",
+      "Expected a FixedSizeBinary type to have a `byteWidth` property"
     );
   }
   return new FixedSizeBinary(typeLike.byteWidth);
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ function sanitizeFixedSizeList(typeLike: object) {
   }
   if (!("children" in typeLike) || !Array.isArray(typeLike.children)) {
     throw Error(
-      "Expected a FixedSizeList type to have an array-like `children` property",
+      "Expected a FixedSizeList type to have an array-like `children` property"
     );
   }
   if (typeLike.children.length !== 1) {
@@ -276,14 +276,14 @@ function sanitizeFixedSizeList(typeLike: object) {
   }
   return new FixedSizeList(
     typeLike.listSize,
-    sanitizeField(typeLike.children[0]),
+    sanitizeField(typeLike.children[0])
   );
 }
 
 function sanitizeMap(typeLike: object) {
   if (!("children" in typeLike) || !Array.isArray(typeLike.children)) {
     throw Error(
-      "Expected a Map type to have an array-like `children` property",
+      "Expected a Map type to have an array-like `children` property"
     );
   }
   if (!("keysSorted" in typeLike) || typeof typeLike.keysSorted !== "boolean") {
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ function sanitizeMap(typeLike: object) {
   }
   return new Map_(
     typeLike.children.map((field) => sanitizeField(field)) as any,
-    typeLike.keysSorted,
+    typeLike.keysSorted
   );
 }
 
@@ -319,7 +319,7 @@ function sanitizeDictionary(typeLike: object) {
     sanitizeType(typeLike.dictionary),
     sanitizeType(typeLike.indices) as any,
     typeLike.id,
-    typeLike.isOrdered,
+    typeLike.isOrdered
   );
 }
 
@@ -454,7 +454,7 @@ function sanitizeField(fieldLike: unknown): Field {
     !("nullable" in fieldLike)
   ) {
     throw Error(
-      "The field passed in is missing a `type`/`name`/`nullable` property",
+      "The field passed in is missing a `type`/`name`/`nullable` property"
     );
   }
   const type = sanitizeType(fieldLike.type);
@@ -489,7 +489,7 @@ export function sanitizeSchema(schemaLike: unknown): Schema {
   }
   if (!("fields" in schemaLike)) {
     throw Error(
-      "The schema passed in does not appear to be a schema (no 'fields' property)",
+      "The schema passed in does not appear to be a schema (no 'fields' property)"
     );
   }
   let metadata;
@@ -498,11 +498,11 @@ export function sanitizeSchema(schemaLike: unknown): Schema {
   }
   if (!Array.isArray(schemaLike.fields)) {
     throw Error(
-      "The schema passed in had a 'fields' property but it was not an array",
+      "The schema passed in had a 'fields' property but it was not an array"
     );
   }
   const sanitizedFields = schemaLike.fields.map((field) =>
-    sanitizeField(field),
+    sanitizeField(field)
   );
   return new Schema(sanitizedFields, metadata);
 }

nodejs/.eslintignore

@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-**/dist/**/*
-**/native.js
-**/native.d.ts

nodejs/.prettierignore

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-.eslintignore

nodejs/README.md

@@ -43,29 +43,20 @@ npm run test
 
 ### Running lint / format
 
-LanceDb uses eslint for linting. VSCode does not need any plugins to use eslint. However, it
-may need some additional configuration. Make sure that eslint.experimental.useFlatConfig is
-set to true. Also, if your vscode root folder is the repo root then you will need to set
-the eslint.workingDirectories to ["nodejs"]. To manually lint your code you can run:
+LanceDb uses [biome](https://biomejs.dev/) for linting and formatting. if you are using VSCode you will need to install the official [Biome](https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=biomejs.biome) extension.
+To manually lint your code you can run:
 
 ```sh
 npm run lint
 ```
 
-LanceDb uses prettier for formatting. If you are using VSCode you will need to install the
-"Prettier - Code formatter" extension. You should then configure it to be the default formatter
-for typescript and you should enable format on save. To manually check your code's format you
-can run:
+to automatically fix all fixable issues:
 
 ```sh
-npm run chkformat
+npm run lint-fix
 ```
 
-If you need to manually format your code you can run:
-
-```sh
-npx prettier --write .
-```
+If you do not have your workspace root set to the `nodejs` directory, unfortunately the extension will not work. You can still run the linting and formatting commands manually.
 
 ### Generating docs
 

nodejs/__test__/arrow.test.ts

@@ -13,32 +13,26 @@
 // limitations under the License.
 
 import {
-  convertToTable,
-  fromTableToBuffer,
-  makeArrowTable,
-  makeEmptyTable,
-} from "../dist/arrow";
-import {
-  Field,
-  FixedSizeList,
-  Float16,
-  Float32,
-  Int32,
-  tableFromIPC,
-  Schema,
-  Float64,
-  type Table,
   Binary,
   Bool,
-  Utf8,
-  Struct,
-  List,
   DataType,
   Dictionary,
-  Int64,
+  Field,
+  FixedSizeList,
   Float,
-  Precision,
+  Float16,
+  Float32,
+  Float64,
+  Int32,
+  Int64,
+  List,
   MetadataVersion,
+  Precision,
+  Schema,
+  Struct,
+  type Table,
+  Utf8,
+  tableFromIPC,
 } from "apache-arrow";
 import {
   Dictionary as OldDictionary,
@@ -46,14 +40,20 @@ import {
   FixedSizeList as OldFixedSizeList,
   Float32 as OldFloat32,
   Int32 as OldInt32,
-  Struct as OldStruct,
   Schema as OldSchema,
+  Struct as OldStruct,
   TimestampNanosecond as OldTimestampNanosecond,
   Utf8 as OldUtf8,
 } from "apache-arrow-old";
-import { type EmbeddingFunction } from "../dist/embedding/embedding_function";
+import {
+  convertToTable,
+  fromTableToBuffer,
+  makeArrowTable,
+  makeEmptyTable,
+} from "../lancedb/arrow";
+import { type EmbeddingFunction } from "../lancedb/embedding/embedding_function";
 
-// eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+// biome-ignore lint/suspicious/noExplicitAny: skip
 function sampleRecords(): Array<Record<string, any>> {
   return [
     {
@@ -438,7 +438,7 @@ describe("when using two versions of arrow", function () {
           new OldField("ts_no_tz", new OldTimestampNanosecond(null)),
         ]),
       ),
-      // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+      // biome-ignore lint/suspicious/noExplicitAny: skip
     ]) as any;
     schema.metadataVersion = MetadataVersion.V5;
     const table = makeArrowTable([], { schema });

nodejs/__test__/connection.test.ts

@@ -14,11 +14,13 @@
 
 import * as tmp from "tmp";
 
-import { Connection, connect } from "../dist/index.js";
+import { Connection, connect } from "../lancedb";
 
 describe("when connecting", () => {
   let tmpDir: tmp.DirResult;
-  beforeEach(() => (tmpDir = tmp.dirSync({ unsafeCleanup: true })));
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    tmpDir = tmp.dirSync({ unsafeCleanup: true });
+  });
   afterEach(() => tmpDir.removeCallback());
 
   it("should connect", async () => {

nodejs/__test__/s3_integration.test.ts

@@ -14,7 +14,11 @@
 
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/naming-convention */
 
-import { connect } from "../dist";
+import {
+  CreateKeyCommand,
+  KMSClient,
+  ScheduleKeyDeletionCommand,
+} from "@aws-sdk/client-kms";
 import {
   CreateBucketCommand,
   DeleteBucketCommand,
@@ -23,11 +27,7 @@ import {
   ListObjectsV2Command,
   S3Client,
 } from "@aws-sdk/client-s3";
-import {
-  CreateKeyCommand,
-  ScheduleKeyDeletionCommand,
-  KMSClient,
-} from "@aws-sdk/client-kms";
+import { connect } from "../lancedb";
 
 // Skip these tests unless the S3_TEST environment variable is set
 const maybeDescribe = process.env.S3_TEST ? describe : describe.skip;
@@ -63,9 +63,10 @@ class S3Bucket {
     // Delete the bucket if it already exists
     try {
       await this.deleteBucket(client, name);
-    } catch (e) {
+    } catch {
       // It's fine if the bucket doesn't exist
     }
+    // biome-ignore lint/style/useNamingConvention: we dont control s3's api
     await client.send(new CreateBucketCommand({ Bucket: name }));
     return new S3Bucket(name);
   }
@@ -78,27 +79,32 @@ class S3Bucket {
   static async deleteBucket(client: S3Client, name: string) {
     // Must delete all objects before we can delete the bucket
     const objects = await client.send(
+      // biome-ignore lint/style/useNamingConvention: we dont control s3's api
       new ListObjectsV2Command({ Bucket: name }),
     );
     if (objects.Contents) {
       for (const object of objects.Contents) {
         await client.send(
+          // biome-ignore lint/style/useNamingConvention: we dont control s3's api
           new DeleteObjectCommand({ Bucket: name, Key: object.Key }),
         );
       }
     }
 
+    // biome-ignore lint/style/useNamingConvention: we dont control s3's api
     await client.send(new DeleteBucketCommand({ Bucket: name }));
   }
 
   public async assertAllEncrypted(path: string, keyId: string) {
     const client = S3Bucket.s3Client();
     const objects = await client.send(
+      // biome-ignore lint/style/useNamingConvention: we dont control s3's api
       new ListObjectsV2Command({ Bucket: this.name, Prefix: path }),
     );
     if (objects.Contents) {
       for (const object of objects.Contents) {
         const metadata = await client.send(
+          // biome-ignore lint/style/useNamingConvention: we dont control s3's api
           new HeadObjectCommand({ Bucket: this.name, Key: object.Key }),
         );
         expect(metadata.ServerSideEncryption).toBe("aws:kms");
@@ -137,6 +143,7 @@ class KmsKey {
 
   public async delete() {
     const client = KmsKey.kmsClient();
+    // biome-ignore lint/style/useNamingConvention: we dont control s3's api
     await client.send(new ScheduleKeyDeletionCommand({ KeyId: this.keyId }));
   }
 }

nodejs/__test__/table.test.ts

@@ -16,18 +16,18 @@ import * as fs from "fs";
 import * as path from "path";
 import * as tmp from "tmp";
 
-import { Table, connect } from "../dist";
 import {
-  Schema,
   Field,
-  Float32,
-  Int32,
   FixedSizeList,
-  Int64,
+  Float32,
   Float64,
+  Int32,
+  Int64,
+  Schema,
 } from "apache-arrow";
-import { makeArrowTable } from "../dist/arrow";
-import { Index } from "../dist/indices";
+import { Table, connect } from "../lancedb";
+import { makeArrowTable } from "../lancedb/arrow";
+import { Index } from "../lancedb/indices";
 
 describe("Given a table", () => {
   let tmpDir: tmp.DirResult;
@@ -419,3 +419,31 @@ describe("when dealing with versioning", () => {
     );
   });
 });
+
+describe("when optimizing a dataset", () => {
+  let tmpDir: tmp.DirResult;
+  let table: Table;
+  beforeEach(async () => {
+    tmpDir = tmp.dirSync({ unsafeCleanup: true });
+    const con = await connect(tmpDir.name);
+    table = await con.createTable("vectors", [{ id: 1 }]);
+    await table.add([{ id: 2 }]);
+  });
+  afterEach(() => {
+    tmpDir.removeCallback();
+  });
+
+  it("compacts files", async () => {
+    const stats = await table.optimize();
+    expect(stats.compaction.filesAdded).toBe(1);
+    expect(stats.compaction.filesRemoved).toBe(2);
+    expect(stats.compaction.fragmentsAdded).toBe(1);
+    expect(stats.compaction.fragmentsRemoved).toBe(2);
+  });
+
+  it("cleanups old versions", async () => {
+    const stats = await table.optimize({ cleanupOlderThan: new Date() });
+    expect(stats.prune.bytesRemoved).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+    expect(stats.prune.oldVersionsRemoved).toBe(3);
+  });
+});

nodejs/biome.json

@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+{
+  "$schema": "https://biomejs.dev/schemas/1.7.3/schema.json",
+  "organizeImports": {
+    "enabled": true
+  },
+  "files": {
+    "ignore": [
+      "**/dist/**/*",
+      "**/native.js",
+      "**/native.d.ts",
+      "**/npm/**/*",
+      "**/.vscode/**"
+    ]
+  },
+  "formatter": {
+    "indentStyle": "space"
+  },
+  "linter": {
+    "enabled": true,
+    "rules": {
+      "recommended": false,
+      "complexity": {
+        "noBannedTypes": "error",
+        "noExtraBooleanCast": "error",
+        "noMultipleSpacesInRegularExpressionLiterals": "error",
+        "noUselessCatch": "error",
+        "noUselessThisAlias": "error",
+        "noUselessTypeConstraint": "error",
+        "noWith": "error"
+      },
+      "correctness": {
+        "noConstAssign": "error",
+        "noConstantCondition": "error",
+        "noEmptyCharacterClassInRegex": "error",
+        "noEmptyPattern": "error",
+        "noGlobalObjectCalls": "error",
+        "noInnerDeclarations": "error",
+        "noInvalidConstructorSuper": "error",
+        "noNewSymbol": "error",
+        "noNonoctalDecimalEscape": "error",
+        "noPrecisionLoss": "error",
+        "noSelfAssign": "error",
+        "noSetterReturn": "error",
+        "noSwitchDeclarations": "error",
+        "noUndeclaredVariables": "error",
+        "noUnreachable": "error",
+        "noUnreachableSuper": "error",
+        "noUnsafeFinally": "error",
+        "noUnsafeOptionalChaining": "error",
+        "noUnusedLabels": "error",
+        "noUnusedVariables": "error",
+        "useIsNan": "error",
+        "useValidForDirection": "error",
+        "useYield": "error"
+      },
+      "style": {
+        "noNamespace": "error",
+        "useAsConstAssertion": "error",
+        "useBlockStatements": "off",
+        "useNamingConvention": {
+          "level": "error",
+          "options": {
+            "strictCase": false
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      "suspicious": {
+        "noAssignInExpressions": "error",
+        "noAsyncPromiseExecutor": "error",
+        "noCatchAssign": "error",
+        "noClassAssign": "error",
+        "noCompareNegZero": "error",
+        "noControlCharactersInRegex": "error",
+        "noDebugger": "error",
+        "noDuplicateCase": "error",
+        "noDuplicateClassMembers": "error",
+        "noDuplicateObjectKeys": "error",
+        "noDuplicateParameters": "error",
+        "noEmptyBlockStatements": "error",
+        "noExplicitAny": "error",
+        "noExtraNonNullAssertion": "error",
+        "noFallthroughSwitchClause": "error",
+        "noFunctionAssign": "error",
+        "noGlobalAssign": "error",
+        "noImportAssign": "error",
+        "noMisleadingCharacterClass": "error",
+        "noMisleadingInstantiator": "error",
+        "noPrototypeBuiltins": "error",
+        "noRedeclare": "error",
+        "noShadowRestrictedNames": "error",
+        "noUnsafeDeclarationMerging": "error",
+        "noUnsafeNegation": "error",
+        "useGetterReturn": "error",
+        "useValidTypeof": "error"
+      }
+    },
+    "ignore": ["**/dist/**/*", "**/native.js", "**/native.d.ts"]
+  },
+  "javascript": {
+    "globals": []
+  },
+  "overrides": [
+    {
+      "include": ["**/*.ts", "**/*.tsx", "**/*.mts", "**/*.cts"],
+      "linter": {
+        "rules": {
+          "correctness": {
+            "noConstAssign": "off",
+            "noGlobalObjectCalls": "off",
+            "noInvalidConstructorSuper": "off",
+            "noNewSymbol": "off",
+            "noSetterReturn": "off",
+            "noUndeclaredVariables": "off",
+            "noUnreachable": "off",
+            "noUnreachableSuper": "off"
+          },
+          "style": {
+            "noArguments": "error",
+            "noVar": "error",
+            "useConst": "error"
+          },
+          "suspicious": {
+            "noDuplicateClassMembers": "off",
+            "noDuplicateObjectKeys": "off",
+            "noDuplicateParameters": "off",
+            "noFunctionAssign": "off",
+            "noImportAssign": "off",
+            "noRedeclare": "off",
+            "noUnsafeNegation": "off",
+            "useGetterReturn": "off"
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  ]
+}

nodejs/eslint.config.js

@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/naming-convention */
-// @ts-check
-
-const eslint = require("@eslint/js");
-const tseslint = require("typescript-eslint");
-const eslintConfigPrettier = require("eslint-config-prettier");
-const jsdoc = require("eslint-plugin-jsdoc");
-
-module.exports = tseslint.config(
-  eslint.configs.recommended,
-  jsdoc.configs["flat/recommended"],
-  eslintConfigPrettier,
-  ...tseslint.configs.recommended,
-  {
-    rules: {
-      "@typescript-eslint/naming-convention": "error",
-      "jsdoc/require-returns": "off",
-      "jsdoc/require-param": "off",
-      "jsdoc/require-jsdoc": [
-        "error",
-        {
-          publicOnly: true,
-        },
-      ],
-    },
-    plugins: jsdoc,
-  },
-);

nodejs/lancedb/arrow.ts

@@ -13,25 +13,25 @@
 // limitations under the License.
 
 import {
-  Field,
-  makeBuilder,
-  RecordBatchFileWriter,
-  Utf8,
-  type Vector,
-  FixedSizeList,
-  vectorFromArray,
-  type Schema,
   Table as ArrowTable,
-  RecordBatchStreamWriter,
+  Binary,
+  DataType,
+  Field,
+  FixedSizeList,
+  type Float,
+  Float32,
   List,
   RecordBatch,
-  makeData,
+  RecordBatchFileWriter,
+  RecordBatchStreamWriter,
+  Schema,
   Struct,
-  type Float,
-  DataType,
-  Binary,
-  Float32,
+  Utf8,
+  type Vector,
+  makeBuilder,
+  makeData,
   type makeTable,
+  vectorFromArray,
 } from "apache-arrow";
 import { type EmbeddingFunction } from "./embedding/embedding_function";
 import { sanitizeSchema } from "./sanitize";
@@ -85,6 +85,7 @@ export class MakeArrowTableOptions {
   vectorColumns: Record<string, VectorColumnOptions> = {
     vector: new VectorColumnOptions(),
   };
+  embeddings?: EmbeddingFunction<unknown>;
 
   /**
    * If true then string columns will be encoded with dictionary encoding
@@ -208,6 +209,7 @@ export function makeArrowTable(
   const opt = new MakeArrowTableOptions(options !== undefined ? options : {});
   if (opt.schema !== undefined && opt.schema !== null) {
     opt.schema = sanitizeSchema(opt.schema);
+    opt.schema = validateSchemaEmbeddings(opt.schema, data, opt.embeddings);
   }
   const columns: Record<string, Vector> = {};
   // TODO: sample dataset to find missing columns
@@ -287,8 +289,8 @@ export function makeArrowTable(
     // then patch the schema of the batches so we can use
     // `new ArrowTable(schema, batches)` which does not do any schema inference
     const firstTable = new ArrowTable(columns);
-    // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-non-null-assertion
     const batchesFixed = firstTable.batches.map(
+      // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-non-null-assertion
       (batch) => new RecordBatch(opt.schema!, batch.data),
     );
     return new ArrowTable(opt.schema, batchesFixed);
@@ -313,7 +315,7 @@ function makeListVector(lists: unknown[][]): Vector<unknown> {
     throw Error("Cannot infer list vector from empty array or empty list");
   }
   const sampleList = lists[0];
-  // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+  // biome-ignore lint/suspicious/noExplicitAny: skip
   let inferredType: any;
   try {
     const sampleVector = makeVector(sampleList);
@@ -337,7 +339,7 @@ function makeVector(
   values: unknown[],
   type?: DataType,
   stringAsDictionary?: boolean,
-  // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+  // biome-ignore lint/suspicious/noExplicitAny: skip
 ): Vector<any> {
   if (type !== undefined) {
     // No need for inference, let Arrow create it
@@ -648,3 +650,39 @@ function alignTable(table: ArrowTable, schema: Schema): ArrowTable {
 export function createEmptyTable(schema: Schema): ArrowTable {
   return new ArrowTable(sanitizeSchema(schema));
 }
+
+function validateSchemaEmbeddings(
+  schema: Schema,
+  data: Array<Record<string, unknown>>,
+  embeddings: EmbeddingFunction<unknown> | undefined,
+) {
+  const fields = [];
+  const missingEmbeddingFields = [];
+
+  // First we check if the field is a `FixedSizeList`
+  // Then we check if the data contains the field
+  // if it does not, we add it to the list of missing embedding fields
+  // Finally, we check if those missing embedding fields are `this._embeddings`
+  // if they are not, we throw an error
+  for (const field of schema.fields) {
+    if (field.type instanceof FixedSizeList) {
+      if (data.length !== 0 && data?.[0]?.[field.name] === undefined) {
+        missingEmbeddingFields.push(field);
+      } else {
+        fields.push(field);
+      }
+    } else {
+      fields.push(field);
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (missingEmbeddingFields.length > 0 && embeddings === undefined) {
+    throw new Error(
+      `Table has embeddings: "${missingEmbeddingFields
+        .map((f) => f.name)
+        .join(",")}", but no embedding function was provided`,
+    );
+  }
+
+  return new Schema(fields, schema.metadata);
+}

nodejs/lancedb/connection.ts

@@ -12,10 +12,10 @@
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.
 
+import { Table as ArrowTable, Schema } from "apache-arrow";
 import { fromTableToBuffer, makeArrowTable, makeEmptyTable } from "./arrow";
 import { ConnectionOptions, Connection as LanceDbConnection } from "./native";
 import { Table } from "./table";
-import { Table as ArrowTable, Schema } from "apache-arrow";
 
 /**
  * Connect to a LanceDB instance at the given URI.

nodejs/lancedb/embedding/openai.ts

@@ -12,8 +12,8 @@
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.
 
-import { type EmbeddingFunction } from "./embedding_function";
 import type OpenAI from "openai";
+import { type EmbeddingFunction } from "./embedding_function";
 
 export class OpenAIEmbeddingFunction implements EmbeddingFunction<string> {
   private readonly _openai: OpenAI;

nodejs/lancedb/query.ts

@@ -12,14 +12,14 @@
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.
 
-import { RecordBatch, tableFromIPC, Table as ArrowTable } from "apache-arrow";
+import { Table as ArrowTable, RecordBatch, tableFromIPC } from "apache-arrow";
+import { type IvfPqOptions } from "./indices";
 import {
   RecordBatchIterator as NativeBatchIterator,
   Query as NativeQuery,
   Table as NativeTable,
   VectorQuery as NativeVectorQuery,
 } from "./native";
-import { type IvfPqOptions } from "./indices";
 export class RecordBatchIterator implements AsyncIterator<RecordBatch> {
   private promisedInner?: Promise<NativeBatchIterator>;
   private inner?: NativeBatchIterator;
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ export class RecordBatchIterator implements AsyncIterator<RecordBatch> {
     this.promisedInner = promise;
   }
 
-  // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+  // biome-ignore lint/suspicious/noExplicitAny: skip
   async next(): Promise<IteratorResult<RecordBatch<any>>> {
     if (this.inner === undefined) {
       this.inner = await this.promisedInner;
@@ -56,7 +56,9 @@ export class QueryBase<
   QueryType,
 > implements AsyncIterable<RecordBatch>
 {
-  protected constructor(protected inner: NativeQueryType) {}
+  protected constructor(protected inner: NativeQueryType) {
+    // intentionally empty
+  }
 
   /**
    * A filter statement to be applied to this query.
@@ -150,7 +152,7 @@ export class QueryBase<
     return new RecordBatchIterator(this.nativeExecute());
   }
 
-  // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+  // biome-ignore lint/suspicious/noExplicitAny: skip
   [Symbol.asyncIterator](): AsyncIterator<RecordBatch<any>> {
     const promise = this.nativeExecute();
     return new RecordBatchIterator(promise);
@@ -368,7 +370,7 @@ export class Query extends QueryBase<NativeQuery, Query> {
    * a default `limit` of 10 will be used.  @see {@link Query#limit}
    */
   nearestTo(vector: unknown): VectorQuery {
-    // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+    // biome-ignore lint/suspicious/noExplicitAny: skip
     const vectorQuery = this.inner.nearestTo(Float32Array.from(vector as any));
     return new VectorQuery(vectorQuery);
   }

nodejs/lancedb/sanitize.ts

@@ -21,60 +21,60 @@
 // and so we must sanitize the input to ensure that it is compatible.
 
 import {
-  Field,
-  Utf8,
-  FixedSizeBinary,
-  FixedSizeList,
-  Schema,
-  List,
-  Struct,
-  Float,
+  Binary,
   Bool,
+  DataType,
+  DateDay,
+  DateMillisecond,
+  type DateUnit,
   Date_,
   Decimal,
-  DataType,
+  DenseUnion,
   Dictionary,
-  Binary,
-  Float32,
-  Interval,
-  Map_,
   Duration,
-  Union,
-  Time,
-  Timestamp,
-  Type,
-  Null,
+  DurationMicrosecond,
+  DurationMillisecond,
+  DurationNanosecond,
+  DurationSecond,
+  Field,
+  FixedSizeBinary,
+  FixedSizeList,
+  Float,
+  Float16,
+  Float32,
+  Float64,
   Int,
-  type Precision,
-  type DateUnit,
   Int8,
   Int16,
   Int32,
   Int64,
+  Interval,
+  IntervalDayTime,
+  IntervalYearMonth,
+  List,
+  Map_,
+  Null,
+  type Precision,
+  Schema,
+  SparseUnion,
+  Struct,
+  Time,
+  TimeMicrosecond,
+  TimeMillisecond,
+  TimeNanosecond,
+  TimeSecond,
+  Timestamp,
+  TimestampMicrosecond,
+  TimestampMillisecond,
+  TimestampNanosecond,
+  TimestampSecond,
+  Type,
   Uint8,
   Uint16,
   Uint32,
   Uint64,
-  Float16,
-  Float64,
-  DateDay,
-  DateMillisecond,
-  DenseUnion,
-  SparseUnion,
-  TimeNanosecond,
-  TimeMicrosecond,
-  TimeMillisecond,
-  TimeSecond,
-  TimestampNanosecond,
-  TimestampMicrosecond,
-  TimestampMillisecond,
-  TimestampSecond,
-  IntervalDayTime,
-  IntervalYearMonth,
-  DurationNanosecond,
-  DurationMicrosecond,
-  DurationMillisecond,
-  DurationSecond,
+  Union,
+  Utf8,
 } from "apache-arrow";
 import type { IntBitWidth, TKeys, TimeBitWidth } from "apache-arrow/type";
 
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ function sanitizeUnion(typeLike: object) {
 
   return new Union(
     typeLike.mode,
-    // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+    // biome-ignore lint/suspicious/noExplicitAny: skip
     typeLike.typeIds as any,
     typeLike.children.map((child) => sanitizeField(child)),
   );
@@ -294,7 +294,7 @@ function sanitizeMap(typeLike: object) {
   }
 
   return new Map_(
-    // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+    // biome-ignore lint/suspicious/noExplicitAny: skip
     typeLike.children.map((field) => sanitizeField(field)) as any,
     typeLike.keysSorted,
   );
@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@ function sanitizeDictionary(typeLike: object) {
   );
 }
 
-// eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+// biome-ignore lint/suspicious/noExplicitAny: skip
 function sanitizeType(typeLike: unknown): DataType<any> {
   if (typeof typeLike !== "object" || typeLike === null) {
     throw Error("Expected a Type but object was null/undefined");

nodejs/lancedb/table.ts

@@ -13,15 +13,16 @@
 // limitations under the License.
 
 import { Schema, tableFromIPC } from "apache-arrow";
+import { Data, fromDataToBuffer } from "./arrow";
+import { IndexOptions } from "./indices";
 import {
   AddColumnsSql,
   ColumnAlteration,
   IndexConfig,
+  OptimizeStats,
   Table as _NativeTable,
 } from "./native";
 import { Query, VectorQuery } from "./query";
-import { IndexOptions } from "./indices";
-import { Data, fromDataToBuffer } from "./arrow";
 
 export { IndexConfig } from "./native";
 /**
@@ -50,6 +51,23 @@ export interface UpdateOptions {
   where: string;
 }
 
+export interface OptimizeOptions {
+  /**
+   * If set then all versions older than the given date
+   * be removed.  The current version will never be removed.
+   * The default is 7 days
+   * @example
+   * // Delete all versions older than 1 day
+   * const olderThan = new Date();
+   * olderThan.setDate(olderThan.getDate() - 1));
+   * tbl.cleanupOlderVersions(olderThan);
+   *
+   * // Delete all versions except the current version
+   * tbl.cleanupOlderVersions(new Date());
+   */
+  cleanupOlderThan: Date;
+}
+
 /**
  * A Table is a collection of Records in a LanceDB Database.
  *
@@ -186,7 +204,7 @@ export class Table {
    */
   async createIndex(column: string, options?: Partial<IndexOptions>) {
     // Bit of a hack to get around the fact that TS has no package-scope.
-    // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+    // biome-ignore lint/suspicious/noExplicitAny: skip
     const nativeIndex = (options?.config as any)?.inner;
     await this.inner.createIndex(nativeIndex, column, options?.replace);
   }
@@ -352,6 +370,48 @@ export class Table {
     await this.inner.restore();
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Optimize the on-disk data and indices for better performance.
+   *
+   * Modeled after ``VACUUM`` in PostgreSQL.
+   *
+   *  Optimization covers three operations:
+   *
+   *  - Compaction: Merges small files into larger ones
+   *  - Prune: Removes old versions of the dataset
+   *  - Index: Optimizes the indices, adding new data to existing indices
+   *
+   *
+   *  Experimental API
+   *  ----------------
+   *
+   *  The optimization process is undergoing active development and may change.
+   *  Our goal with these changes is to improve the performance of optimization and
+   *  reduce the complexity.
+   *
+   *  That being said, it is essential today to run optimize if you want the best
+   *  performance.  It should be stable and safe to use in production, but it our
+   *  hope that the API may be simplified (or not even need to be called) in the
+   *  future.
+   *
+   *  The frequency an application shoudl call optimize is based on the frequency of
+   *  data modifications.  If data is frequently added, deleted, or updated then
+   *  optimize should be run frequently.  A good rule of thumb is to run optimize if
+   *  you have added or modified 100,000 or more records or run more than 20 data
+   *  modification operations.
+   */
+  async optimize(options?: Partial<OptimizeOptions>): Promise<OptimizeStats> {
+    let cleanupOlderThanMs;
+    if (
+      options?.cleanupOlderThan !== undefined &&
+      options?.cleanupOlderThan !== null
+    ) {
+      cleanupOlderThanMs =
+        new Date().getTime() - options.cleanupOlderThan.getTime();
+    }
+    return await this.inner.optimize(cleanupOlderThanMs);
+  }
+
   /** List all indices that have been created with {@link Table.createIndex} */
   async listIndices(): Promise<IndexConfig[]> {
     return await this.inner.listIndices();

nodejs/npm/darwin-arm64/package.json

@@ -1,18 +1,12 @@
 {
-  "name": "@lancedb/lancedb-darwin-arm64",
-  "version": "0.4.19",
-  "os": [
-    "darwin"
-  ],
-  "cpu": [
-    "arm64"
-  ],
-  "main": "lancedb.darwin-arm64.node",
-  "files": [
-    "lancedb.darwin-arm64.node"
-  ],
-  "license": "Apache 2.0",
-  "engines": {
-    "node": ">= 18"
-  }
+	"name": "@lancedb/lancedb-darwin-arm64",
+	"version": "0.5.0",
+	"os": ["darwin"],
+	"cpu": ["arm64"],
+	"main": "lancedb.darwin-arm64.node",
+	"files": ["lancedb.darwin-arm64.node"],
+	"license": "Apache 2.0",
+	"engines": {
+		"node": ">= 18"
+	}
 }

nodejs/npm/darwin-x64/package.json

@@ -1,18 +1,12 @@
 {
-  "name": "@lancedb/lancedb-darwin-x64",
-  "version": "0.4.19",
-  "os": [
-    "darwin"
-  ],
-  "cpu": [
-    "x64"
-  ],
-  "main": "lancedb.darwin-x64.node",
-  "files": [
-    "lancedb.darwin-x64.node"
-  ],
-  "license": "Apache 2.0",
-  "engines": {
-    "node": ">= 18"
-  }
+	"name": "@lancedb/lancedb-darwin-x64",
+	"version": "0.5.0",
+	"os": ["darwin"],
+	"cpu": ["x64"],
+	"main": "lancedb.darwin-x64.node",
+	"files": ["lancedb.darwin-x64.node"],
+	"license": "Apache 2.0",
+	"engines": {
+		"node": ">= 18"
+	}
 }

nodejs/npm/linux-arm64-gnu/package.json

@@ -1,21 +1,13 @@
 {
-  "name": "@lancedb/lancedb-linux-arm64-gnu",
-  "version": "0.4.19",
-  "os": [
-    "linux"
-  ],
-  "cpu": [
-    "arm64"
-  ],
-  "main": "lancedb.linux-arm64-gnu.node",
-  "files": [
-    "lancedb.linux-arm64-gnu.node"
-  ],
-  "license": "Apache 2.0",
-  "engines": {
-    "node": ">= 18"
-  },
-  "libc": [
-    "glibc"
-  ]
+	"name": "@lancedb/lancedb-linux-arm64-gnu",
+	"version": "0.5.0",
+	"os": ["linux"],
+	"cpu": ["arm64"],
+	"main": "lancedb.linux-arm64-gnu.node",
+	"files": ["lancedb.linux-arm64-gnu.node"],
+	"license": "Apache 2.0",
+	"engines": {
+		"node": ">= 18"
+	},
+	"libc": ["glibc"]
 }

nodejs/npm/linux-x64-gnu/package.json

@@ -1,21 +1,13 @@
 {
-  "name": "@lancedb/lancedb-linux-x64-gnu",
-  "version": "0.4.19",
-  "os": [
-    "linux"
-  ],
-  "cpu": [
-    "x64"
-  ],
-  "main": "lancedb.linux-x64-gnu.node",
-  "files": [
-    "lancedb.linux-x64-gnu.node"
-  ],
-  "license": "Apache 2.0",
-  "engines": {
-    "node": ">= 18"
-  },
-  "libc": [
-    "glibc"
-  ]
+	"name": "@lancedb/lancedb-linux-x64-gnu",
+	"version": "0.5.0",
+	"os": ["linux"],
+	"cpu": ["x64"],
+	"main": "lancedb.linux-x64-gnu.node",
+	"files": ["lancedb.linux-x64-gnu.node"],
+	"license": "Apache 2.0",
+	"engines": {
+		"node": ">= 18"
+	},
+	"libc": ["glibc"]
 }

nodejs/npm/win32-x64-msvc/package.json

@@ -1,18 +1,12 @@
 {
-  "name": "@lancedb/lancedb-win32-x64-msvc",
-  "version": "0.4.14",
-  "os": [
-    "win32"
-  ],
-  "cpu": [
-    "x64"
-  ],
-  "main": "lancedb.win32-x64-msvc.node",
-  "files": [
-    "lancedb.win32-x64-msvc.node"
-  ],
-  "license": "Apache 2.0",
-  "engines": {
-    "node": ">= 18"
-  }
+	"name": "@lancedb/lancedb-win32-x64-msvc",
+	"version": "0.5.0",
+	"os": ["win32"],
+	"cpu": ["x64"],
+	"main": "lancedb.win32-x64-msvc.node",
+	"files": ["lancedb.win32-x64-msvc.node"],
+	"license": "Apache 2.0",
+	"engines": {
+		"node": ">= 18"
+	}
 }

nodejs/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@lancedb/lancedb",
-  "version": "0.4.19",
+  "version": "0.5.0",
   "main": "./dist/index.js",
   "types": "./dist/index.d.ts",
   "napi": {
@@ -18,19 +18,16 @@
   },
   "license": "Apache 2.0",
   "devDependencies": {
-    "@aws-sdk/client-s3": "^3.33.0",
     "@aws-sdk/client-kms": "^3.33.0",
+    "@aws-sdk/client-s3": "^3.33.0",
+    "@biomejs/biome": "^1.7.3",
+    "@jest/globals": "^29.7.0",
     "@napi-rs/cli": "^2.18.0",
     "@types/jest": "^29.1.2",
     "@types/tmp": "^0.2.6",
-    "@typescript-eslint/eslint-plugin": "^6.19.0",
-    "@typescript-eslint/parser": "^6.19.0",
     "apache-arrow-old": "npm:apache-arrow@13.0.0",
     "eslint": "^8.57.0",
-    "eslint-config-prettier": "^9.1.0",
-    "eslint-plugin-jsdoc": "^48.2.1",
     "jest": "^29.7.0",
-    "prettier": "^3.1.0",
     "shx": "^0.3.4",
     "tmp": "^0.2.3",
     "ts-jest": "^29.1.2",
@@ -45,33 +42,26 @@
   "engines": {
     "node": ">= 18"
   },
-  "cpu": [
-    "x64",
-    "arm64"
-  ],
-  "os": [
-    "darwin",
-    "linux",
-    "win32"
-  ],
+  "cpu": ["x64", "arm64"],
+  "os": ["darwin", "linux", "win32"],
   "scripts": {
     "artifacts": "napi artifacts",
-    "build:debug": "napi build --platform --dts ../lancedb/native.d.ts --js ../lancedb/native.js dist/",
+    "build:debug": "napi build --platform --dts ../lancedb/native.d.ts --js ../lancedb/native.js lancedb",
     "build:release": "napi build --platform --release --dts ../lancedb/native.d.ts --js ../lancedb/native.js dist/",
-    "build": "npm run build:debug && tsc -b && shx cp lancedb/native.d.ts dist/native.d.ts",
+    "build": "npm run build:debug && tsc -b && shx cp lancedb/native.d.ts dist/native.d.ts && shx cp lancedb/*.node dist/",
     "build-release": "npm run build:release && tsc -b && shx cp lancedb/native.d.ts dist/native.d.ts",
-    "chkformat": "prettier . --check",
+    "lint-ci": "biome ci .",
     "docs": "typedoc --plugin typedoc-plugin-markdown --out ../docs/src/js lancedb/index.ts",
-    "lint": "eslint lancedb __test__",
-    "lint-fix": "eslint lancedb __test__ --fix",
+    "lint": "biome check . && biome format .",
+    "lint-fix": "biome check --apply-unsafe  . && biome format --write .",
     "prepublishOnly": "napi prepublish -t npm",
-    "test": "npm run build && jest --verbose",
+    "test": "jest --verbose",
     "integration": "S3_TEST=1 npm run test",
     "universal": "napi universal",
     "version": "napi version"
   },
   "dependencies": {
-    "openai": "^4.29.2",
-    "apache-arrow": "^15.0.0"
+    "apache-arrow": "^15.0.0",
+    "openai": "^4.29.2"
   }
 }

nodejs/src/table.rs

@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@
 use arrow_ipc::writer::FileWriter;
 use lancedb::ipc::ipc_file_to_batches;
 use lancedb::table::{
-    AddDataMode, ColumnAlteration as LanceColumnAlteration, NewColumnTransform,
-    Table as LanceDbTable,
+    AddDataMode, ColumnAlteration as LanceColumnAlteration, Duration, NewColumnTransform,
+    OptimizeAction, OptimizeOptions, Table as LanceDbTable,
 };
 use napi::bindgen_prelude::*;
 use napi_derive::napi;
@@ -263,6 +263,60 @@ impl Table {
         self.inner_ref()?.restore().await.default_error()
     }
 
+    #[napi]
+    pub async fn optimize(&self, older_than_ms: Option<i64>) -> napi::Result<OptimizeStats> {
+        let inner = self.inner_ref()?;
+
+        let older_than = if let Some(ms) = older_than_ms {
+            if ms == i64::MIN {
+                return Err(napi::Error::from_reason(format!(
+                    "older_than_ms can not be {}",
+                    i32::MIN,
+                )));
+            }
+            Duration::try_milliseconds(ms)
+        } else {
+            None
+        };
+
+        let compaction_stats = inner
+            .optimize(OptimizeAction::Compact {
+                options: lancedb::table::CompactionOptions::default(),
+                remap_options: None,
+            })
+            .await
+            .default_error()?
+            .compaction
+            .unwrap();
+        let prune_stats = inner
+            .optimize(OptimizeAction::Prune {
+                older_than,
+                delete_unverified: None,
+            })
+            .await
+            .default_error()?
+            .prune
+            .unwrap();
+        inner
+            .optimize(lancedb::table::OptimizeAction::Index(
+                OptimizeOptions::default(),
+            ))
+            .await
+            .default_error()?;
+        Ok(OptimizeStats {
+            compaction: CompactionStats {
+                files_added: compaction_stats.files_added as i64,
+                files_removed: compaction_stats.files_removed as i64,
+                fragments_added: compaction_stats.fragments_added as i64,
+                fragments_removed: compaction_stats.fragments_removed as i64,
+            },
+            prune: RemovalStats {
+                bytes_removed: prune_stats.bytes_removed as i64,
+                old_versions_removed: prune_stats.old_versions as i64,
+            },
+        })
+    }
+
     #[napi]
     pub async fn list_indices(&self) -> napi::Result<Vec<IndexConfig>> {
         Ok(self
@@ -298,6 +352,40 @@ impl From<lancedb::index::IndexConfig> for IndexConfig {
     }
 }
 
+/// Statistics about a compaction operation.
+#[napi(object)]
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct CompactionStats {
+    /// The number of fragments removed
+    pub fragments_removed: i64,
+    /// The number of new, compacted fragments added
+    pub fragments_added: i64,
+    /// The number of data files removed
+    pub files_removed: i64,
+    /// The number of new, compacted data files added
+    pub files_added: i64,
+}
+
+/// Statistics about a cleanup operation
+#[napi(object)]
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct RemovalStats {
+    /// The number of bytes removed
+    pub bytes_removed: i64,
+    /// The number of old versions removed
+    pub old_versions_removed: i64,
+}
+
+/// Statistics about an optimize operation
+#[napi(object)]
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct OptimizeStats {
+    /// Statistics about the compaction operation
+    pub compaction: CompactionStats,
+    /// Statistics about the removal operation
+    pub prune: RemovalStats,
+}
+
 ///  A definition of a column alteration. The alteration changes the column at
 /// `path` to have the new name `name`, to be nullable if `nullable` is true,
 /// and to have the data type `data_type`. At least one of `rename` or `nullable`

python/.bumpversion.cfg

@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-[bumpversion]
-current_version = 0.6.12
-commit = True
-message = [python] Bump version: {current_version} → {new_version}
-tag = True
-tag_name = python-v{new_version}
-
-[bumpversion:file:pyproject.toml]

python/.bumpversion.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+[tool.bumpversion]
+current_version = "0.8.0"
+parse = """(?x)
+    (?P<major>0|[1-9]\\d*)\\.
+    (?P<minor>0|[1-9]\\d*)\\.
+    (?P<patch>0|[1-9]\\d*)
+    (?:-(?P<pre_l>[a-zA-Z-]+)\\.(?P<pre_n>0|[1-9]\\d*))?
+"""
+serialize = [
+    "{major}.{minor}.{patch}-{pre_l}.{pre_n}",
+    "{major}.{minor}.{patch}",
+]
+search = "{current_version}"
+replace = "{new_version}"
+regex = false
+ignore_missing_version = false
+ignore_missing_files = false
+tag = true
+sign_tags = false
+tag_name = "python-v{new_version}"
+tag_message = "Bump version: {current_version} → {new_version}"
+allow_dirty = true
+commit = true
+message = "Bump version: {current_version} → {new_version}"
+commit_args = ""
+
+[tool.bumpversion.parts.pre_l]
+values = ["beta", "final"]
+optional_value = "final"
+
+[[tool.bumpversion.files]]
+filename = "Cargo.toml"
+search = "\nversion = \"{current_version}\""
+replace = "\nversion = \"{new_version}\""

python/Cargo.toml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [package]
 name = "lancedb-python"
-version = "0.4.10"
+version = "0.8.0"
 edition.workspace = true
 description = "Python bindings for LanceDB"
 license.workspace = true

python/pyproject.toml

@@ -1,16 +1,16 @@
 [project]
 name = "lancedb"
-version = "0.6.12"
+# version in Cargo.toml
 dependencies = [
     "deprecation",
-    "pylance==0.10.12",
+    "pylance==0.11.0",
     "ratelimiter~=1.0",
     "requests>=2.31.0",
     "retry>=0.9.2",
     "tqdm>=4.27.0",
     "pydantic>=1.10",
     "attrs>=21.3.0",
-    "semver>=3.0",
+    "packaging",
     "cachetools",
     "overrides>=0.7",
 ]
@@ -80,6 +80,7 @@ embeddings = [
     "boto3>=1.28.57",
     "awscli>=1.29.57",
     "botocore>=1.31.57",
+    "ollama",
 ]
 azure = ["adlfs>=2024.2.0"]
 

python/python/lancedb/_lancedb.pyi

@@ -86,3 +86,17 @@ class VectorQuery:
     def refine_factor(self, refine_factor: int): ...
     def nprobes(self, nprobes: int): ...
     def bypass_vector_index(self): ...
+
+class CompactionStats:
+    fragments_removed: int
+    fragments_added: int
+    files_removed: int
+    files_added: int
+
+class RemovalStats:
+    bytes_removed: int
+    old_versions_removed: int
+
+class OptimizeStats:
+    compaction: CompactionStats
+    prune: RemovalStats

python/python/lancedb/embeddings/__init__.py

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ from .bedrock import BedRockText
 from .cohere import CohereEmbeddingFunction
 from .gemini_text import GeminiText
 from .instructor import InstructorEmbeddingFunction
+from .ollama import OllamaEmbeddings
 from .open_clip import OpenClipEmbeddings
 from .openai import OpenAIEmbeddings
 from .registry import EmbeddingFunctionRegistry, get_registry

python/python/lancedb/embeddings/bedrock.py

@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ class BedRockText(TextEmbeddingFunction):
     profile_name: Union[str, None] = None
     role_session_name: str = "lancedb-embeddings"
 
-    if PYDANTIC_VERSION < (2, 0):  # Pydantic 1.x compat
+    if PYDANTIC_VERSION.major < 2:  # Pydantic 1.x compat
 
         class Config:
             keep_untouched = (cached_property,)

python/python/lancedb/embeddings/gemini_text.py

@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ class GeminiText(TextEmbeddingFunction):
     query_task_type: str = "retrieval_query"
     source_task_type: str = "retrieval_document"
 
-    if PYDANTIC_VERSION < (2, 0):  # Pydantic 1.x compat
+    if PYDANTIC_VERSION.major < 2:  # Pydantic 1.x compat
 
         class Config:
             keep_untouched = (cached_property,)

python/python/lancedb/embeddings/imagebind.py

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ class ImageBindEmbeddings(EmbeddingFunction):
     device: str = "cpu"
     normalize: bool = False
 
-    if PYDANTIC_VERSION < (2, 0):  # Pydantic 1.x compat
+    if PYDANTIC_VERSION.major < 2:  # Pydantic 1.x compat
 
         class Config:
             keep_untouched = (cached_property,)

python/python/lancedb/embeddings/ollama.py

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+#  Copyright (c) 2023. LanceDB Developers
+#
+#  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+#  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+#  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#  limitations under the License.
+from functools import cached_property
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, List, Optional, Union
+
+from ..util import attempt_import_or_raise
+from .base import TextEmbeddingFunction
+from .registry import register
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import numpy as np
+
+
+@register("ollama")
+class OllamaEmbeddings(TextEmbeddingFunction):
+    """
+    An embedding function that uses Ollama
+
+    https://github.com/ollama/ollama/blob/main/docs/api.md#generate-embeddings
+    https://ollama.com/blog/embedding-models
+    """
+
+    name: str = "nomic-embed-text"
+    host: str = "http://localhost:11434"
+    options: Optional[dict] = None  # type = ollama.Options
+    keep_alive: Optional[Union[float, str]] = None
+    ollama_client_kwargs: Optional[dict] = {}
+
+    def ndims(self):
+        return len(self.generate_embeddings(["foo"])[0])
+
+    def _compute_embedding(self, text):
+        return self._ollama_client.embeddings(
+            model=self.name,
+            prompt=text,
+            options=self.options,
+            keep_alive=self.keep_alive,
+        )["embedding"]
+
+    def generate_embeddings(
+        self, texts: Union[List[str], "np.ndarray"]
+    ) -> List["np.array"]:
+        """
+        Get the embeddings for the given texts
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        texts: list[str] or np.ndarray (of str)
+            The texts to embed
+        """
+        # TODO retry, rate limit, token limit
+        embeddings = [self._compute_embedding(text) for text in texts]
+        return embeddings
+
+    @cached_property
+    def _ollama_client(self):
+        ollama = attempt_import_or_raise("ollama")
+        # ToDo explore ollama.AsyncClient
+        return ollama.Client(host=self.host, **self.ollama_client_kwargs)

python/python/lancedb/embeddings/transformers.py

@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ class TransformersEmbeddingFunction(EmbeddingFunction):
         self._tokenizer = transformers.AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(self.name)
         self._model = transformers.AutoModel.from_pretrained(self.name)
 
-    if PYDANTIC_VERSION < (2, 0):  # Pydantic 1.x compat
+    if PYDANTIC_VERSION.major < 2:  # Pydantic 1.x compat
 
         class Config:
             keep_untouched = (cached_property,)

python/python/lancedb/pydantic.py

@@ -35,13 +35,13 @@ from typing import (
 import numpy as np
 import pyarrow as pa
 import pydantic
-import semver
+from packaging.version import Version
 
-PYDANTIC_VERSION = semver.Version.parse(pydantic.__version__)
+PYDANTIC_VERSION = Version(pydantic.__version__)
 try:
     from pydantic_core import CoreSchema, core_schema
 except ImportError:
-    if PYDANTIC_VERSION >= (2,):
+    if PYDANTIC_VERSION.major >= 2:
         raise
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ def Vector(
                 raise TypeError("A list of numbers or numpy.ndarray is needed")
             return cls(v)
 
-        if PYDANTIC_VERSION < (2, 0):
+        if PYDANTIC_VERSION.major < 2:
 
             @classmethod
             def __modify_schema__(cls, field_schema: Dict[str, Any]):

python/python/lancedb/remote/db.py

@@ -285,7 +285,7 @@ class RemoteDBConnection(DBConnection):
         self._client.post(
             f"/v1/table/{name}/drop/",
         )
-        self._table_cache.pop(name)
+        self._table_cache.pop(name, default=None)
 
     @override
     def rename_table(self, cur_name: str, new_name: str):
@@ -300,9 +300,9 @@ class RemoteDBConnection(DBConnection):
         """
         self._client.post(
             f"/v1/table/{cur_name}/rename/",
-            json={"new_table_name": new_name},
+            data={"new_table_name": new_name},
         )
-        self._table_cache.pop(cur_name)
+        self._table_cache.pop(cur_name, default=None)
         self._table_cache[new_name] = True
 
     async def close(self):