Files
lancedb/docs/web/sql/ddl/function.mdx
Jack YeandBrendan Clement 47b7babc08 docs: bring the open-source documentation into this repository (#4122)
Move the public website pages into `docs/web` beside the SDK, with
shared navigation and executable example sources in `docs/web-tests`.
The combined website is assembled by
[lancedb/docs#355](https://github.com/lancedb/docs/pull/355), with six
Enterprise replacements from
[lancedb/sophon#7681](https://github.com/lancedb/sophon/pull/7681).

This includes Function guidance, runnable Quickstarts, regenerated
snippets, production contact/demo fixes, the legacy SQL route, and the
LeRobot redirect. LeRobot remains attributed to Geneva; all 34 Geneva
pages remain in the docs repository until Function officially launches.

Materialized-view guidance follows the full rebuild refresh introduced
by #4373: local refresh writes the complete result, has no `full`
argument, supports `source_version`, and no longer requires stable row
IDs. Deployment SQL refresh options and stable-ID setup are qualified by
version/configuration. Function input guidance distinguishes ordinary
stored columns from computed inputs supported by newer deployments.

**Validation:** independently accepted local checks include 95 Python
tests (real Enterprise excluded), eight TypeScript tests, Rust
Quickstart, snippet parity, typos, deterministic assembly, Mint
validation and links/anchors/redirects. The combined baseline retains
all 181 production routes and 17 legacy redirects. Examples ran locally
against source-built Python SDK 0.40.0b13; existing GitHub workflows do
not run `docs/web-tests`. New main at `069b2f7d` is 0.41.0b0 and adds
computed Function inputs; that SDK was not exercised by the accepted
tests. Latest prose corrections receive focused site validation.

**Merge/rollout:** merge this and #7681 before #355's combined CI, which
reads producer `main`. This is migration infrastructure: section
overlays, source-owned skills and automatic versioned paired releases
remain follow-ups. The current manual publisher is transitional. Hosted
validation, a supported SDK/Enterprise release pair and a real
Enterprise walkthrough remain pending.

Production Mintlify watches `lancedb/docs:deploy-freeze`, directory
`docs`; preserve that source through review. The separate SDK GitHub
Pages reference workflow rebuilds on main merges.

**Updated-head CI (9a50f8db):**
[Typos](https://github.com/lancedb/lancedb/actions/runs/37654185443/job/112904990558),
[PR
title](https://github.com/lancedb/lancedb/actions/runs/37654179507/job/112904974595)
and
[Aikido](https://app.aikido.dev/featurebranch/scan/215386145?groupId=74229)
pass. Critical findings in the example lockfiles were patched: all Sharp
copies use 0.35.5, protobufjs 7.6.6, tar 7.5.22, quinn-proto 0.11.19,
zerovec 0.11.8 and zerovec-derive 0.11.6. The SDK's product dependencies
are unchanged. The revised lockfiles pass eight TypeScript examples,
HuggingFace decode/resize/crop/rescale/normalize plus AVIF roundtrip,
and Rust Quickstart. Aikido passing does not mean every advisory is
cleared; npm still reports 29 high and five moderate advisories in the
example dependency graph. No scanner bypass or suppression was added.

The Function prose correction passes combined/standalone Mint,
deterministic assembly, routes and assets. The revised 325-file site
checksum is
`175bec06864abb400dd292e667ba93448c0479b8359fd7bf6146afabf9040647`. This
PR remains open for independent review; further merges are on hold.

---------

Co-authored-by: Brendan Clement <brendan.clement@lancedb.com>
2026-10-07 11:15:00 -07:00

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2.8 KiB
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---
title: "Function"
sidebarTitle: "Function"
description: "CREATE FUNCTION, SHOW FUNCTIONS, and DROP FUNCTION."
icon: function
keywords: ["create function", "drop function", "show functions", "sql", "udf"]
---
<Badge color="red">Enterprise</Badge> [SQL runs on a deployment.](/sql)
## CREATE FUNCTION {#create}
```sql
CREATE FUNCTION f(x BIGINT) RETURNS BIGINT
LANGUAGE python
AS 'def f(x): return x * 2'
WITH (pip = 'numpy==1.26.4', python_version = '3.11')
```
The body is Python source. Its dependencies are declared with it and are part
of the **immutable function version** -- changing one produces a new version
rather than altering the registered one, so a column filled by an earlier
version is unaffected.
| Option | |
| --- | --- |
| `pip` | pip requirements for the worker environment |
| `conda` | conda packages instead of pip |
| `conda_channels` | channels in priority order; requires `conda` |
| `python_version` | worker Python version, defaulting to yours |
| `gpu` | `'true'` when every execution needs a GPU |
**Errors and limits**
| | |
| --- | --- |
| `LANGUAGE` other than `python` | refused |
| `pip` and `conda` together | refused -- pick one |
| `conda_channels` without `conda` | refused |
| `gpu` set to anything but `'true'` | refused |
| An empty body | refused |
| Any other option | refused, and the message lists what is supported |
<Note>
**Enterprise job type:** `create_function`. Registration returns a job because
the function is baked into an image before the version becomes usable.
</Note>
## SHOW FUNCTIONS {#show}
```sql
SHOW FUNCTIONS
```
Lists registered functions and their versions. Since a version is immutable
and a column pins the version that fills it, this is how you find which
versions are still in use before dropping one.
## DROP FUNCTION {#drop}
```sql
DROP FUNCTION embed WITH (version = '1')
DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS embed WITH (version = '1')
DROP FUNCTION embed WITH (version = '1', cascade = 'true')
```
`version` is required -- a function is a set of immutable versions, and
dropping is always of one specific version, never "the function" as a whole.
<Warning>
Without `cascade = 'true'`, dropping a version that a column still pins fails
rather than breaking that column silently. Passing it drops the version and
lets columns pinned to it stop refreshing -- they keep their last-filled
values, per [Guarantees](/basics/guarantees#jobs).
</Warning>
## What to read next {#next}
<CardGroup cols={2}>
<Card title="Function" icon="function" href="/management/function">
Registering one from the SDK, and diagnosing environment mismatches.
</Card>
<Card title="Computed columns" icon="table-columns" href="/feature-engineering/add-computed-column">
Filling a column with a function instead of an expression.
</Card>
</CardGroup>