leptos-shadcn-ui/docs/remediation/components/avatar/DESIGN.md

🎯 Avatar Component Design

Senior Rust Staff Engineer Review - September 20, 2025

📋 Component Overview

The Avatar component displays user profile images, initials, or fallback icons. It provides a consistent way to represent users across the application with various sizes and styling options.

Current Status

• File Size: 96 lines (default.rs) - ✅ COMPLIANT
• Test Coverage: 2 test files - ⚠️ BASIC
• Priority: P1 - High Priority

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🎨 Design Principles

1. Accessibility First

• ARIA Support: Full ARIA attributes for screen readers
• Alt Text: Proper alt text for images
• Screen Reader Support: Proper announcements for avatars
• Focus Management: Clear focus indicators

2. Performance Optimized

• Image Optimization: Lazy loading and proper sizing
• Memory Management: Proper cleanup of resources
• Signal Management: Efficient reactive state updates
• Bundle Size: Minimal impact on application bundle

3. Developer Experience

• Type Safety: Full TypeScript support with proper prop types
• Composable: Easy to extend and customize
• Consistent API: Follows established patterns
• Documentation: Comprehensive examples and guides

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🏗️ Architecture

Core Components

// Main avatar container
pub struct Avatar {
    pub src: Option<String>,
    pub alt: Option<String>,
    pub fallback: Option<String>,
    pub size: AvatarSize,
    pub shape: AvatarShape,
    pub class: Option<String>,
    pub children: Children,
}

// Avatar image
pub struct AvatarImage {
    pub src: String,
    pub alt: Option<String>,
    pub class: Option<String>,
}

// Avatar fallback
pub struct AvatarFallback {
    pub class: Option<String>,
    pub children: Children,
}

State Management

// Avatar state
pub struct AvatarState {
    pub image_loaded: RwSignal<bool>,
    pub image_error: RwSignal<bool>,
    pub show_fallback: RwSignal<bool>,
}

// Image loading state
pub enum ImageLoadingState {
    Loading,
    Loaded,
    Error,
}

---

🎯 API Design

Avatar Props

pub struct AvatarProps {
    // Core functionality
    pub src: Option<String>,                     // Image source
    pub alt: Option<String>,                     // Alt text
    pub fallback: Option<String>,                // Fallback text
    pub size: AvatarSize,                        // Avatar size
    pub shape: AvatarShape,                      // Avatar shape
    
    // Styling
    pub class: Option<String>,                   // Custom CSS classes
    
    // Accessibility
    pub aria_label: Option<String>,              // ARIA label
    
    // Children
    pub children: Children,                      // Avatar content
}

AvatarImage Props

pub struct AvatarImageProps {
    // Core functionality
    pub src: String,                            // Image source
    pub alt: Option<String>,                     // Alt text
    
    // Styling
    pub class: Option<String>,                   // Custom CSS classes
}

AvatarFallback Props

pub struct AvatarFallbackProps {
    // Styling
    pub class: Option<String>,                   // Custom CSS classes
    
    // Children
    pub children: Children,                      // Fallback content
}

---

🎨 Visual Design

Sizes

pub enum AvatarSize {
    XSmall,     // 24px
    Small,      // 32px
    Medium,     // 40px
    Large,      // 48px
    XLarge,     // 64px
    XXLarge,    // 96px
}

Shapes

pub enum AvatarShape {
    Circle,     // Circular avatar
    Square,     // Square avatar
    Rounded,    // Rounded square avatar
}

States

• Loading: Image is loading
• Loaded: Image is loaded
• Error: Image failed to load
• Fallback: Showing fallback content

---

🧪 Testing Strategy

Unit Tests

• Basic Rendering: Component renders without errors
• Props Handling: All props are properly applied
• Size Styling: Different sizes render correctly
• Shape Styling: Different shapes render correctly
• Image Loading: Image loading states work

Integration Tests

• Multiple Avatars: Multiple avatars work together
• Image Error Handling: Fallback shows on error
• Loading States: Loading states work correctly
• Keyboard Navigation: Tab navigation works
• Focus Management: Focus moves correctly

Accessibility Tests

• Screen Reader: Content is announced correctly
• Alt Text: Alt text is properly set
• ARIA Attributes: Proper ARIA implementation
• Focus Indicators: Focus is clearly visible

Performance Tests

• Rendering Performance: Fast initial render
• Memory Usage: No memory leaks
• Bundle Size: Minimal impact on bundle
• Signal Updates: Efficient reactive updates

---

🚀 Implementation Plan

Phase 1: Core Implementation (Week 1)

• Basic Structure: Create core component files
• Props Definition: Define all prop types
• State Management: Implement reactive state
• Basic Rendering: Simple avatar functionality

Phase 2: Advanced Features (Week 2)

• Sizes: Implement all avatar sizes
• Shapes: Implement all avatar shapes
• Image Loading: Image loading states
• Fallback: Fallback functionality

Phase 3: Testing & Documentation (Week 3)

• Unit Tests: Comprehensive test coverage
• Integration Tests: Multi-avatar scenarios
• Accessibility Tests: Screen reader and keyboard
• Documentation: Examples and guides

Phase 4: Optimization (Week 4)

• Performance: Optimize rendering and memory
• Bundle Size: Minimize impact on bundle
• Signal Management: Efficient reactive updates
• Final Testing: End-to-end validation

---

📊 Success Metrics

Functionality

• Basic Avatar: Avatar displays correctly
• Sizes: All sizes render properly
• Shapes: All shapes render properly
• Image Loading: Loading states work

Accessibility

• Screen Reader: Content is announced correctly
• Alt Text: Alt text is properly set
• ARIA Compliance: Meets WCAG 2.1 AA standards
• Focus Management: Focus moves correctly

Performance

• Rendering: Fast initial render (< 16ms)
• Memory: No memory leaks
• Bundle Size: Minimal impact (< 2KB)
• Updates: Efficient reactive updates

Developer Experience

• Type Safety: Full TypeScript support
• Documentation: Comprehensive examples
• API Consistency: Follows established patterns
• Error Handling: Clear error messages

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🎯 Conclusion

The Avatar component is a high priority component that requires basic test coverage improvements. The component follows accessibility-first design principles with comprehensive screen reader support and proper image handling.

Key Focus Areas:

1. Test Coverage: Expand from 2 to 4+ test files
2. File Size: Ensure all files under 300 lines
3. Accessibility: Comprehensive ARIA support
4. Performance: Optimize rendering and memory usage

Expected Outcome: A production-ready, fully-accessible, well-tested avatar component that meets enterprise standards.

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Avatar Component Design created: September 20, 2025
Next review: October 20, 2025