Allow longer timeout for starting pageserver, safe keeper and storage controller in test cases to make test cases less flaky (#8079)

## Problem

see https://github.com/neondatabase/neon/issues/8070

## Summary of changes

the neon_local subcommands to 
- start neon
- start pageserver
- start safekeeper
- start storage controller

get a new option -t=xx or --start-timeout=xx which allows to specify a
longer timeout in seconds we wait for the process start.
This is useful in test cases where the pageserver has to read a lot of
layer data, like in pagebench test cases.

In addition we exploit the new timeout option in the python test
infrastructure (python fixtures) and modify the flaky testcase to
increase the timeout from 10 seconds to 1 minute.

Example from the test execution

```bash
RUST_BACKTRACE=1 NEON_ENV_BUILDER_USE_OVERLAYFS_FOR_SNAPSHOTS=1 DEFAULT_PG_VERSION=15 BUILD_TYPE=release     ./scripts/pytest test_runner/performance/pageserver/pagebench/test_pageserver_max_throughput_getpage_at_latest_lsn.py
...
2024-06-19 09:29:34.590 INFO [neon_fixtures.py:1513] Running command "/instance_store/neon/target/release/neon_local storage_controller start --start-timeout=60s"
2024-06-19 09:29:36.365 INFO [broker.py:34] starting storage_broker to listen incoming connections at "127.0.0.1:15001"
2024-06-19 09:29:36.365 INFO [neon_fixtures.py:1513] Running command "/instance_store/neon/target/release/neon_local pageserver start --id=1 --start-timeout=60s"
2024-06-19 09:29:36.366 INFO [neon_fixtures.py:1513] Running command "/instance_store/neon/target/release/neon_local safekeeper start 1 --start-timeout=60s"
```

test_runner/performance/pageserver/util.py

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 Utilities used by all code in this sub-directory
 """
 
-from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, Tuple
+from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, Optional, Tuple
 
 import fixtures.pageserver.many_tenants as many_tenants
 from fixtures.common_types import TenantId, TimelineId
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ def setup_pageserver_with_tenants(
     name: str,
     n_tenants: int,
     setup: Callable[[NeonEnv], Tuple[TenantId, TimelineId, Dict[str, Any]]],
+    timeout_in_seconds: Optional[int] = None,
 ) -> NeonEnv:
     """
     Utility function to set up a pageserver with a given number of identical tenants.
@@ -50,6 +51,6 @@ def setup_pageserver_with_tenants(
         return many_tenants.single_timeline(neon_env_builder, setup, n_tenants)
 
     env = neon_env_builder.build_and_use_snapshot(name, doit)
-    env.start()
+    env.start(timeout_in_seconds=timeout_in_seconds)
     ensure_pageserver_ready_for_benchmarking(env, n_tenants)
     return env