fix: dont hard error on initial redis failure

2026-05-17 05:00:38 +00:00 · 2025-01-30 10:26:48 +00:00
341 changed files with 6506 additions and 16242 deletions
--- a/.dockerignore
+++ b/.dockerignore
@@ -24,4 +24,3 @@
 !storage_controller/
 !vendor/postgres-*/
 !workspace_hack/
-!build_tools/patches
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug-template.md
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug-template.md
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ name: Bug Template
 about: Used for describing bugs
 title: ''
 labels: t/bug
-type: Bug
 assignees: ''

 ---
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/epic-template.md
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/epic-template.md
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ about: A set of related tasks contributing towards specific outcome, comprising
  more than 1 week of work.
 title: 'Epic: '
 labels: t/Epic
-type: Epic
 assignees: ''

 ---
--- a/.github/actionlint.yml
+++ b/.github/actionlint.yml
@@ -27,8 +27,3 @@ config-variables:
  - SLACK_ON_CALL_QA_STAGING_STREAM
  - DEV_AWS_OIDC_ROLE_MANAGE_BENCHMARK_EC2_VMS_ARN
  - SLACK_ON_CALL_STORAGE_STAGING_STREAM
-  - SLACK_CICD_CHANNEL_ID
-  - SLACK_STORAGE_CHANNEL_ID
-  - NEON_DEV_AWS_ACCOUNT_ID
-  - NEON_PROD_AWS_ACCOUNT_ID
-  - AWS_ECR_REGION
--- a/.github/actions/neon-project-create/action.yml
+++ b/.github/actions/neon-project-create/action.yml
@@ -19,11 +19,7 @@ inputs:
    default: '[1, 1]'
  # settings below only needed if you want the project to be sharded from the beginning
  shard_split_project:
-    description: 'by default new projects are not shard-split initiailly, but only when shard-split threshold is reached, specify true to explicitly shard-split initially'
-    required: false
-    default: 'false'
-  disable_sharding:
-    description: 'by default new projects use storage controller default policy to shard-split when shard-split threshold is reached, specify true to explicitly disable sharding'
+    description: 'by default new projects are not shard-split, specify true to shard-split'
    required: false
    default: 'false'
  admin_api_key:
@@ -45,10 +41,7 @@ inputs:
    description: 'Path to directory containing libpq library - it is caller responsibility to provision the libpq library'
    required: false
    default: '/tmp/neon/pg_install/v16/lib'
-  project_settings:
-    description: 'A JSON object with project settings'
-    required: false
-    default: '{}'
+  

 outputs:
  dsn:
@@ -80,7 +73,7 @@ runs:
              \"provisioner\": \"k8s-neonvm\",
              \"autoscaling_limit_min_cu\": ${MIN_CU},
              \"autoscaling_limit_max_cu\": ${MAX_CU},
-              \"settings\": ${PROJECT_SETTINGS}
+              \"settings\": { }
            }
          }")

@@ -99,33 +92,18 @@ runs:
        if [ "${SHARD_SPLIT_PROJECT}" = "true" ]; then
          # determine tenant ID
          TENANT_ID=`${PSQL} ${dsn} -t -A -c "SHOW neon.tenant_id"`
-
+          
          echo "Splitting project ${project_id} with tenant_id ${TENANT_ID} into $((SHARD_COUNT)) shards with stripe size $((STRIPE_SIZE))"

          echo "Sending PUT request to https://${API_HOST}/regions/${REGION_ID}/api/v1/admin/storage/proxy/control/v1/tenant/${TENANT_ID}/shard_split"
          echo "with body {\"new_shard_count\": $((SHARD_COUNT)), \"new_stripe_size\": $((STRIPE_SIZE))}"
-
+          
          # we need an ADMIN API KEY to invoke storage controller API for shard splitting (bash -u above checks that the variable is set)
          curl -X PUT \
            "https://${API_HOST}/regions/${REGION_ID}/api/v1/admin/storage/proxy/control/v1/tenant/${TENANT_ID}/shard_split" \
            -H "Accept: application/json" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -H "Authorization: Bearer ${ADMIN_API_KEY}" \
            -d "{\"new_shard_count\": $SHARD_COUNT, \"new_stripe_size\": $STRIPE_SIZE}"
        fi
-        if [ "${DISABLE_SHARDING}" = "true" ]; then
-          # determine tenant ID
-          TENANT_ID=`${PSQL} ${dsn} -t -A -c "SHOW neon.tenant_id"`
-
-          echo "Explicitly disabling shard-splitting for project ${project_id} with tenant_id ${TENANT_ID}"
-
-          echo "Sending PUT request to https://${API_HOST}/regions/${REGION_ID}/api/v1/admin/storage/proxy/control/v1/tenant/${TENANT_ID}/policy"
-          echo "with body {\"scheduling\": \"Essential\"}"
-
-          # we need an ADMIN API KEY to invoke storage controller API for shard splitting (bash -u above checks that the variable is set)
-          curl -X PUT \
-            "https://${API_HOST}/regions/${REGION_ID}/api/v1/admin/storage/proxy/control/v1/tenant/${TENANT_ID}/policy" \
-            -H "Accept: application/json" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -H "Authorization: Bearer ${ADMIN_API_KEY}" \
-            -d "{\"scheduling\": \"Essential\"}"
-        fi

      env:
        API_HOST: ${{ inputs.api_host }}
@@ -135,10 +113,8 @@ runs:
        MIN_CU: ${{ fromJSON(inputs.compute_units)[0] }}
        MAX_CU: ${{ fromJSON(inputs.compute_units)[1] }}
        SHARD_SPLIT_PROJECT: ${{ inputs.shard_split_project }}
-        DISABLE_SHARDING: ${{ inputs.disable_sharding }}
        ADMIN_API_KEY: ${{ inputs.admin_api_key }}
        SHARD_COUNT: ${{ inputs.shard_count }}
        STRIPE_SIZE: ${{ inputs.stripe_size }}
        PSQL: ${{ inputs.psql_path }}
        LD_LIBRARY_PATH: ${{ inputs.libpq_lib_path }}
-        PROJECT_SETTINGS: ${{ inputs.project_settings }}
--- a/.github/actions/run-python-test-set/action.yml
+++ b/.github/actions/run-python-test-set/action.yml
@@ -121,8 +121,6 @@ runs:
        export DEFAULT_PG_VERSION=${PG_VERSION#v}
        export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${POSTGRES_DISTRIB_DIR}/v${DEFAULT_PG_VERSION}/lib
        export BENCHMARK_CONNSTR=${BENCHMARK_CONNSTR:-}
-        export ASAN_OPTIONS=detect_leaks=0:detect_stack_use_after_return=0:abort_on_error=1:strict_string_checks=1:check_initialization_order=1:strict_init_order=1
-        export UBSAN_OPTIONS=abort_on_error=1:print_stacktrace=1

        if [ "${BUILD_TYPE}" = "remote" ]; then
          export REMOTE_ENV=1
--- a/.github/file-filters.yaml
+++ b/.github/file-filters.yaml
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 rust_code: ['**/*.rs', '**/Cargo.toml', '**/Cargo.lock']
-rust_dependencies: ['**/Cargo.lock']

 v14: ['vendor/postgres-v14/**', 'Makefile', 'pgxn/**']
 v15: ['vendor/postgres-v15/**', 'Makefile', 'pgxn/**']
--- a/.github/workflows/_build-and-test-locally.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/_build-and-test-locally.yml
@@ -23,11 +23,6 @@ on:
        description: 'a json object of postgres versions and lfc states to run regression tests on'
        required: true
        type: string
-      sanitizers:
-        description: 'enabled or disabled'
-        required: false
-        default: 'disabled'
-        type: string

 defaults:
  run:
@@ -92,7 +87,6 @@ jobs:
      - name: Set env variables
        env:
          ARCH: ${{ inputs.arch }}
-          SANITIZERS: ${{ inputs.sanitizers }}
        run: |
          CARGO_FEATURES="--features testing"
          if [[ $BUILD_TYPE == "debug" && $ARCH == 'x64' ]]; then
@@ -105,14 +99,8 @@ jobs:
            cov_prefix=""
            CARGO_FLAGS="--locked --release"
          fi
-          if [[ $SANITIZERS == 'enabled' ]]; then
-            make_vars="WITH_SANITIZERS=yes"
-          else
-            make_vars=""
-          fi
          {
            echo "cov_prefix=${cov_prefix}"
-            echo "make_vars=${make_vars}"
            echo "CARGO_FEATURES=${CARGO_FEATURES}"
            echo "CARGO_FLAGS=${CARGO_FLAGS}"
            echo "CARGO_HOME=${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/.cargo"
@@ -148,39 +136,35 @@ jobs:

      - name: Build postgres v14
        if: steps.cache_pg_14.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
-        run: mold -run make ${make_vars} postgres-v14 -j$(nproc)
+        run: mold -run make postgres-v14 -j$(nproc)

      - name: Build postgres v15
        if: steps.cache_pg_15.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
-        run: mold -run make ${make_vars} postgres-v15 -j$(nproc)
+        run: mold -run make postgres-v15 -j$(nproc)

      - name: Build postgres v16
        if: steps.cache_pg_16.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
-        run: mold -run make ${make_vars} postgres-v16 -j$(nproc)
+        run: mold -run make postgres-v16 -j$(nproc)

      - name: Build postgres v17
        if: steps.cache_pg_17.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
-        run: mold -run make ${make_vars} postgres-v17 -j$(nproc)
+        run: mold -run make postgres-v17 -j$(nproc)

      - name: Build neon extensions
-        run: mold -run make ${make_vars} neon-pg-ext -j$(nproc)
+        run: mold -run make neon-pg-ext -j$(nproc)

      - name: Build walproposer-lib
-        run: mold -run make ${make_vars} walproposer-lib -j$(nproc)
+        run: mold -run make walproposer-lib -j$(nproc)

      - name: Run cargo build
-        env:
-          WITH_TESTS: ${{ inputs.sanitizers != 'enabled' && '--tests' || '' }}
        run: |
-          export ASAN_OPTIONS=detect_leaks=0
-          ${cov_prefix} mold -run cargo build $CARGO_FLAGS $CARGO_FEATURES --bins ${WITH_TESTS}
+          ${cov_prefix} mold -run cargo build $CARGO_FLAGS $CARGO_FEATURES --bins --tests

      # Do install *before* running rust tests because they might recompile the
      # binaries with different features/flags.
      - name: Install rust binaries
        env:
          ARCH: ${{ inputs.arch }}
-          SANITIZERS: ${{ inputs.sanitizers }}
        run: |
          # Install target binaries
          mkdir -p /tmp/neon/bin/
@@ -195,7 +179,7 @@ jobs:
          done

          # Install test executables and write list of all binaries (for code coverage)
-          if [[ $BUILD_TYPE == "debug" && $ARCH == 'x64' && $SANITIZERS != 'enabled' ]]; then
+          if [[ $BUILD_TYPE == "debug" && $ARCH == 'x64' ]]; then
            # Keep bloated coverage data files away from the rest of the artifact
            mkdir -p /tmp/coverage/

@@ -228,7 +212,6 @@ jobs:
          role-duration-seconds: 18000 # 5 hours

      - name: Run rust tests
-        if: ${{ inputs.sanitizers != 'enabled' }}
        env:
          NEXTEST_RETRIES: 3
        run: |
@@ -284,27 +267,6 @@ jobs:
          path: /tmp/neon
          aws-oicd-role-arn: ${{ vars.DEV_AWS_OIDC_ROLE_ARN }}

-      - name: Check diesel schema
-        if: inputs.build-type == 'release' && inputs.arch == 'x64'
-        env:
-          DATABASE_URL: postgresql://localhost:1235/storage_controller
-          POSTGRES_DISTRIB_DIR: /tmp/neon/pg_install
-        run: |
-          export ASAN_OPTIONS=detect_leaks=0
-          /tmp/neon/bin/neon_local init
-          /tmp/neon/bin/neon_local storage_controller start
-
-          diesel print-schema > storage_controller/src/schema.rs
-
-          if [ -n "$(git diff storage_controller/src/schema.rs)" ]; then
-            echo >&2 "Uncommitted changes in diesel schema"
-
-            git diff .
-            exit 1
-          fi
-
-          /tmp/neon/bin/neon_local storage_controller stop
-
      # XXX: keep this after the binaries.list is formed, so the coverage can properly work later
      - name: Merge and upload coverage data
        if: inputs.build-type == 'debug'
@@ -337,7 +299,7 @@ jobs:
      - name: Pytest regression tests
        continue-on-error: ${{ matrix.lfc_state == 'with-lfc' && inputs.build-type == 'debug' }}
        uses: ./.github/actions/run-python-test-set
-        timeout-minutes: ${{ inputs.sanitizers != 'enabled' && 60 || 180 }}
+        timeout-minutes: 60
        with:
          build_type: ${{ inputs.build-type }}
          test_selection: regress
@@ -348,10 +310,6 @@ jobs:
          rerun_failed: true
          pg_version: ${{ matrix.pg_version }}
          aws-oicd-role-arn: ${{ vars.DEV_AWS_OIDC_ROLE_ARN }}
-          # `--session-timeout` is equal to (timeout-minutes - 10 minutes) * 60 seconds.
-          # Attempt to stop tests gracefully to generate test reports
-          # until they are forcibly stopped by the stricter `timeout-minutes` limit.
-          extra_params: --session-timeout=${{ inputs.sanitizers != 'enabled' && 3000 || 10200 }}
        env:
          TEST_RESULT_CONNSTR: ${{ secrets.REGRESS_TEST_RESULT_CONNSTR_NEW }}
          CHECK_ONDISK_DATA_COMPATIBILITY: nonempty
@@ -359,7 +317,6 @@ jobs:
          PAGESERVER_VIRTUAL_FILE_IO_ENGINE: tokio-epoll-uring
          PAGESERVER_GET_VECTORED_CONCURRENT_IO: sidecar-task
          USE_LFC: ${{ matrix.lfc_state == 'with-lfc' && 'true' || 'false' }}
-          SANITIZERS: ${{ inputs.sanitizers }}

      # Temporary disable this step until we figure out why it's so flaky
      # Ref https://github.com/neondatabase/neon/issues/4540
--- a/.github/workflows/_check-codestyle-rust.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/_check-codestyle-rust.yml
@@ -16,9 +16,6 @@ defaults:
  run:
    shell: bash -euxo pipefail {0}

-# No permission for GITHUB_TOKEN by default; the **minimal required** set of permissions should be granted in each job.
-permissions: {}
-
 jobs:
  check-codestyle-rust:
    strategy:
@@ -87,3 +84,8 @@ jobs:
        run: |
          cargo hakari generate --diff  # workspace-hack Cargo.toml is up-to-date
          cargo hakari manage-deps --dry-run  # all workspace crates depend on workspace-hack
+
+      # https://github.com/EmbarkStudios/cargo-deny
+      - name: Check rust licenses/bans/advisories/sources
+        if: ${{ !cancelled() }}
+        run: cargo deny check --hide-inclusion-graph
--- a/.github/workflows/_push-to-acr.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/_push-to-acr.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+name: Push images to ACR
+on:
+  workflow_call:
+    inputs:
+      client_id:
+        description: Client ID of Azure managed identity or Entra app
+        required: true
+        type: string
+      image_tag:
+        description: Tag for the container image
+        required: true
+        type: string
+      images:
+        description: Images to push
+        required: true
+        type: string
+      registry_name:
+        description: Name of the container registry
+        required: true
+        type: string
+      subscription_id:
+        description: Azure subscription ID
+        required: true
+        type: string
+      tenant_id:
+        description: Azure tenant ID
+        required: true
+        type: string
+
+jobs:
+  push-to-acr:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+    permissions:
+      contents: read  # This is required for actions/checkout
+      id-token: write # This is required for Azure Login to work.
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Azure login
+        uses: azure/login@6c251865b4e6290e7b78be643ea2d005bc51f69a  # @v2.1.1
+        with:
+          client-id: ${{ inputs.client_id }}
+          subscription-id: ${{ inputs.subscription_id }}
+          tenant-id: ${{ inputs.tenant_id }}
+
+      - name: Login to ACR
+        run: |
+          az acr login --name=${{ inputs.registry_name }}
+
+      - name: Copy docker images to ACR ${{ inputs.registry_name }}
+        run: |
+          images='${{ inputs.images }}'
+          for image in ${images}; do
+            docker buildx imagetools create \
+              -t ${{ inputs.registry_name }}.azurecr.io/neondatabase/${image}:${{ inputs.image_tag }} \
+                                                        neondatabase/${image}:${{ inputs.image_tag }}
+          done
--- a/.github/workflows/_push-to-container-registry.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/_push-to-container-registry.yml
@@ -1,101 +0,0 @@
-name: Push images to Container Registry
-on:
-  workflow_call:
-    inputs:
-      # Example: {"docker.io/neondatabase/neon:13196061314":["${{ vars.NEON_DEV_AWS_ACCOUNT_ID }}.dkr.ecr.${{ vars.AWS_ECR_REGION }}.amazonaws.com/neon:13196061314","neoneastus2.azurecr.io/neondatabase/neon:13196061314"]}
-      image-map:
-        description: JSON map of images, mapping from a source image to an array of target images that should be pushed.
-        required: true
-        type: string
-      aws-region:
-        description: AWS region to log in to. Required when pushing to ECR.
-        required: false
-        type: string
-      aws-account-ids:
-        description: Comma separated AWS account IDs to log in to for pushing to ECR. Required when pushing to ECR.
-        required: false
-        type: string
-      azure-client-id:
-        description: Client ID of Azure managed identity or Entra app. Required when pushing to ACR.
-        required: false
-        type: string
-      azure-subscription-id:
-        description: Azure subscription ID. Required when pushing to ACR.
-        required: false
-        type: string
-      azure-tenant-id:
-        description: Azure tenant ID. Required when pushing to ACR.
-        required: false
-        type: string
-      acr-registry-name:
-        description: ACR registry name. Required when pushing to ACR.
-        required: false
-        type: string
-    secrets:
-      docker-hub-username:
-        description: Docker Hub username. Required when pushing to Docker Hub.
-        required: false
-      docker-hub-password:
-        description: Docker Hub password. Required when pushing to Docker Hub.
-        required: false
-      aws-role-to-assume:
-        description: AWS role to assume. Required when pushing to ECR.
-        required: false
-
-permissions: {}
-
-defaults:
-  run:
-    shell: bash -euo pipefail {0}
-
-jobs:
-  push-to-container-registry:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
-    permissions:
-      id-token: write  # Required for aws/azure login
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          sparse-checkout: scripts/push_with_image_map.py
-          sparse-checkout-cone-mode: false
-
-      - name: Print image-map
-        run: echo '${{ inputs.image-map }}' | jq
-
-      - name: Configure AWS credentials
-        if: contains(inputs.image-map, 'amazonaws.com/')
-        uses: aws-actions/configure-aws-credentials@v4
-        with:
-          aws-region: "${{ inputs.aws-region }}"
-          role-to-assume: "${{ secrets.aws-role-to-assume }}"
-          role-duration-seconds: 3600
-
-      - name: Login to ECR
-        if: contains(inputs.image-map, 'amazonaws.com/')
-        uses: aws-actions/amazon-ecr-login@v2
-        with:
-          registries: "${{ inputs.aws-account-ids }}"
-
-      - name: Configure Azure credentials
-        if: contains(inputs.image-map, 'azurecr.io/')
-        uses: azure/login@6c251865b4e6290e7b78be643ea2d005bc51f69a  # @v2.1.1
-        with:
-          client-id: ${{ inputs.azure-client-id }}
-          subscription-id: ${{ inputs.azure-subscription-id }}
-          tenant-id: ${{ inputs.azure-tenant-id }}
-
-      - name: Login to ACR
-        if: contains(inputs.image-map, 'azurecr.io/')
-        run: |
-          az acr login --name=${{ inputs.acr-registry-name }}
-
-      - name: Log in to Docker Hub
-        uses: docker/login-action@v3
-        with:
-          username: ${{ secrets.docker-hub-username }}
-          password: ${{ secrets.docker-hub-password }}
-
-      - name: Copy docker images to target registries
-        run: python scripts/push_with_image_map.py
-        env:
-          IMAGE_MAP: ${{ inputs.image-map }}
--- a/.github/workflows/approved-for-ci-run.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/approved-for-ci-run.yml
@@ -67,9 +67,9 @@ jobs:

      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
        with:
-          ref: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}
+          ref: main
          token: ${{ secrets.CI_ACCESS_TOKEN }}
-
+      
      - name: Look for existing PR
        id: get-pr
        env:
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ jobs:
        run: |
          ALREADY_CREATED="$(gh pr --repo ${GITHUB_REPOSITORY} list --head ${BRANCH} --base main --json number --jq '.[].number')"
          echo "ALREADY_CREATED=${ALREADY_CREATED}" >> ${GITHUB_OUTPUT}
-
+      
      - name: Get changed labels
        id: get-labels
        if: steps.get-pr.outputs.ALREADY_CREATED != ''
@@ -94,6 +94,8 @@ jobs:
          echo "LABELS_TO_ADD=${LABELS_TO_ADD}" >> ${GITHUB_OUTPUT}
          echo "LABELS_TO_REMOVE=${LABELS_TO_REMOVE}" >> ${GITHUB_OUTPUT}

+      - run: gh pr checkout "${PR_NUMBER}"
+
      - run: git checkout -b "${BRANCH}"

      - run: git push --force origin "${BRANCH}"
@@ -101,7 +103,7 @@ jobs:

      - name: Create a Pull Request for CI run (if required)
        if: steps.get-pr.outputs.ALREADY_CREATED == ''
-        env:
+        env: 
          GH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.CI_ACCESS_TOKEN }}
        run: |
          cat << EOF > body.md
@@ -138,7 +140,7 @@ jobs:

      - run: git push --force origin "${BRANCH}"
        if: steps.get-pr.outputs.ALREADY_CREATED != ''
-
+             
  cleanup:
    # Close PRs and delete branchs if the original PR is closed.

--- a/.github/workflows/benchmarking.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/benchmarking.yml
@@ -319,7 +319,7 @@ jobs:
                      { "pg_version": 16, "region_id": "azure-eastus2",          "platform": "neonvm-azure-captest-new",      "db_size": "50gb","runner": '"$runner_azure"',   "image": "neondatabase/build-tools:pinned-bookworm" },
                      { "pg_version": 16, "region_id": "'"$region_id_default"'", "platform": "neonvm-captest-sharding-reuse", "db_size": "50gb","runner": '"$runner_default"', "image": "'"$image_default"'" },
                      { "pg_version": 17, "region_id": "'"$region_id_default"'", "platform": "neonvm-captest-freetier",       "db_size": "3gb" ,"runner": '"$runner_default"', "image": "'"$image_default"'" },
-                      { "pg_version": 17, "region_id": "'"$region_id_default"'", "platform": "neonvm-captest-new",            "db_size": "10gb","runner": '"$runner_default"', "image": "'"$image_default"'" },
+                      { "pg_version": 17, "region_id": "'"$region_id_default"'", "platform": "neonvm-captest-new",            "db_size": "10gb","runner": '"$runner_default"', "image": "'"$image_default"'" }, 
                      { "pg_version": 17, "region_id": "'"$region_id_default"'", "platform": "neonvm-captest-new-many-tables","db_size": "10gb","runner": '"$runner_default"', "image": "'"$image_default"'" },
                      { "pg_version": 17, "region_id": "'"$region_id_default"'", "platform": "neonvm-captest-new",            "db_size": "50gb","runner": '"$runner_default"', "image": "'"$image_default"'" }]
        }'
@@ -340,7 +340,7 @@ jobs:
          ],
          "pg_version" : [
            16,17
-          ]
+          ],
        }'

        if [ "$(date +%A)" = "Saturday" ] || [ ${RUN_AWS_RDS_AND_AURORA} = "true" ]; then
@@ -458,7 +458,7 @@ jobs:

        echo "connstr=${CONNSTR}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT

-    # we want to compare Neon project OLTP throughput and latency at scale factor 10 GB
+    # we want to compare Neon project OLTP throughput and latency at scale factor 10 GB 
    # without (neonvm-captest-new)
    # and with (neonvm-captest-new-many-tables) many relations in the database
    - name: Create many relations before the run
@@ -590,20 +590,36 @@ jobs:
    steps:
    - uses: actions/checkout@v4

-    - name: Configure AWS credentials
-      uses: aws-actions/configure-aws-credentials@v4
-      with:
-        aws-region: eu-central-1
-        role-to-assume: ${{ vars.DEV_AWS_OIDC_ROLE_ARN }}
-        role-duration-seconds: 18000 # 5 hours
+    # until https://github.com/neondatabase/neon/issues/8275 is fixed we temporarily install postgresql-16
+    # instead of using Neon artifacts containing pgbench
+    - name: Install postgresql-16 where pytest expects it
+      run: |
+        # Just to make it easier to test things locally on macOS (with arm64)
+        arch=$(uname -m | sed 's/x86_64/amd64/g' | sed 's/aarch64/arm64/g')

-    - name: Download Neon artifact
-      uses: ./.github/actions/download
-      with:
-        name: neon-${{ runner.os }}-${{ runner.arch }}-release-artifact
-        path: /tmp/neon/
-        prefix: latest
-        aws-oicd-role-arn: ${{ vars.DEV_AWS_OIDC_ROLE_ARN }}
+        cd /home/nonroot
+        wget -q "https://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt/pool/main/p/postgresql-17/libpq5_17.2-1.pgdg120+1_${arch}.deb"
+        wget -q "https://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt/pool/main/p/postgresql-16/postgresql-client-16_16.6-1.pgdg120+1_${arch}.deb"
+        wget -q "https://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt/pool/main/p/postgresql-16/postgresql-16_16.6-1.pgdg120+1_${arch}.deb"
+        dpkg -x libpq5_17.2-1.pgdg120+1_${arch}.deb pg
+        dpkg -x postgresql-16_16.6-1.pgdg120+1_${arch}.deb pg
+        dpkg -x postgresql-client-16_16.6-1.pgdg120+1_${arch}.deb pg
+
+        mkdir -p /tmp/neon/pg_install/v16/bin
+        mkdir -p /tmp/neon/pg_install/v17/bin
+        ln -s /home/nonroot/pg/usr/lib/postgresql/16/bin/pgbench /tmp/neon/pg_install/v16/bin/pgbench
+        ln -s /home/nonroot/pg/usr/lib/postgresql/16/bin/psql    /tmp/neon/pg_install/v16/bin/psql
+        ln -s /home/nonroot/pg/usr/lib/$(uname -m)-linux-gnu     /tmp/neon/pg_install/v16/lib
+        ln -s /home/nonroot/pg/usr/lib/postgresql/16/bin/pgbench /tmp/neon/pg_install/v17/bin/pgbench
+        ln -s /home/nonroot/pg/usr/lib/postgresql/16/bin/psql    /tmp/neon/pg_install/v17/bin/psql
+        ln -s /home/nonroot/pg/usr/lib/$(uname -m)-linux-gnu     /tmp/neon/pg_install/v17/lib
+
+        LD_LIBRARY_PATH="/home/nonroot/pg/usr/lib/$(uname -m)-linux-gnu:${LD_LIBRARY_PATH:-}"
+        export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
+        echo "LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}" >> ${GITHUB_ENV}
+
+        /tmp/neon/pg_install/v16/bin/pgbench --version
+        /tmp/neon/pg_install/v16/bin/psql --version

    - name: Set up Connection String
      id: set-up-connstr
@@ -626,6 +642,13 @@ jobs:

        echo "connstr=${CONNSTR}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT

+    - name: Configure AWS credentials
+      uses: aws-actions/configure-aws-credentials@v4
+      with:
+        aws-region: eu-central-1
+        role-to-assume: ${{ vars.DEV_AWS_OIDC_ROLE_ARN }}
+        role-duration-seconds: 18000 # 5 hours
+
    - name: Benchmark pgvector hnsw indexing
      uses: ./.github/actions/run-python-test-set
      with:
@@ -741,10 +764,10 @@ jobs:
          neonvm-captest-reuse)
            case "${PG_VERSION}" in
              16)
-                CONNSTR=${{ secrets.BENCHMARK_CAPTEST_CLICKBENCH_10M_CONNSTR }}
+                CONNSTR=${{ secrets.BENCHMARK_CAPTEST_CLICKBENCH_10M_CONNSTR_V16 }}
                ;;
              17)
-                CONNSTR=${{ secrets.BENCHMARK_CAPTEST_CLICKBENCH_CONNSTR_PG17 }}
+                CONNSTR=${{ secrets.BENCHMARK_CAPTEST_CONNSTR_PG17 }}
                ;;
              *)
                echo >&2 "Unsupported PG_VERSION=${PG_VERSION} for PLATFORM=${PLATFORM}"
@@ -810,7 +833,7 @@ jobs:
    # We might change it after https://github.com/neondatabase/neon/issues/2900.
    #
    # *_TPCH_S10_CONNSTR: DB generated with scale factor 10 (~10 GB)
-    # if: ${{ !cancelled() && (github.event.inputs.run_only_pgvector_tests == 'false' || github.event.inputs.run_only_pgvector_tests == null) }}
+    if: ${{ !cancelled() && (github.event.inputs.run_only_pgvector_tests == 'false' || github.event.inputs.run_only_pgvector_tests == null) }}
    permissions:
      contents: write
      statuses: write
@@ -864,7 +887,7 @@ jobs:
                CONNSTR_SECRET_NAME="BENCHMARK_CAPTEST_TPCH_S10_CONNSTR"
                ;;
              17)
-                CONNSTR_SECRET_NAME="BENCHMARK_CAPTEST_TPCH_CONNSTR_PG17"
+                CONNSTR_SECRET_NAME="BENCHMARK_CAPTEST_CONNSTR_PG17"
                ;;
              *)
                echo >&2 "Unsupported PG_VERSION=${PG_VERSION} for PLATFORM=${PLATFORM}"
@@ -883,7 +906,7 @@ jobs:
            exit 1
            ;;
        esac
-
+        
        echo "CONNSTR_SECRET_NAME=${CONNSTR_SECRET_NAME}" >> $GITHUB_ENV

    - name: Set up Connection String
@@ -929,7 +952,7 @@ jobs:
        SLACK_BOT_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.SLACK_BOT_TOKEN }}

  user-examples-compare:
-    # if: ${{ !cancelled() && (github.event.inputs.run_only_pgvector_tests == 'false' || github.event.inputs.run_only_pgvector_tests == null) }}
+    if: ${{ !cancelled() && (github.event.inputs.run_only_pgvector_tests == 'false' || github.event.inputs.run_only_pgvector_tests == null) }}
    permissions:
      contents: write
      statuses: write
@@ -984,7 +1007,7 @@ jobs:
                CONNSTR=${{ secrets.BENCHMARK_USER_EXAMPLE_CAPTEST_CONNSTR }}
                ;;
              17)
-                CONNSTR=${{ secrets.BENCHMARK_CAPTEST_USER_EXAMPLE_CONNSTR_PG17 }}
+                CONNSTR=${{ secrets.BENCHMARK_CAPTEST_CONNSTR_PG17 }}
                ;;
              *)
                echo >&2 "Unsupported PG_VERSION=${PG_VERSION} for PLATFORM=${PLATFORM}"
--- a/.github/workflows/build_and_test.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/build_and_test.yml
@@ -45,30 +45,10 @@ jobs:
            run cancel-previous-in-concurrency-group.yml \
              --field concurrency_group="${{ env.E2E_CONCURRENCY_GROUP }}"

-  files-changed:
-    needs: [ check-permissions ]
-    runs-on: [ self-hosted, small ]
-    timeout-minutes: 3
-    outputs:
-      check-rust-dependencies: ${{ steps.files-changed.outputs.rust_dependencies }}
-
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          submodules: true
-
-      - name: Check for file changes
-        uses: dorny/paths-filter@de90cc6fb38fc0963ad72b210f1f284cd68cea36  # v3.0.2
-        id: files-changed
-        with:
-          token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-          filters: .github/file-filters.yaml
-
  tag:
    needs: [ check-permissions ]
    runs-on: [ self-hosted, small ]
-    container: ${{ vars.NEON_DEV_AWS_ACCOUNT_ID }}.dkr.ecr.${{ vars.AWS_ECR_REGION }}.amazonaws.com/base:pinned
+    container: 369495373322.dkr.ecr.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/base:pinned
    outputs:
      build-tag: ${{steps.build-tag.outputs.tag}}

@@ -190,14 +170,6 @@ jobs:
      archs: '["x64", "arm64"]'
    secrets: inherit

-  check-dependencies-rust:
-    needs: [ files-changed, build-build-tools-image ]
-    if: ${{ needs.files-changed.outputs.check-rust-dependencies == 'true' }}
-    uses: ./.github/workflows/cargo-deny.yml
-    with:
-      build-tools-image: ${{ needs.build-build-tools-image.outputs.image }}-bookworm
-    secrets: inherit
-
  build-and-test-locally:
    needs: [ tag, build-build-tools-image ]
    strategy:
@@ -263,9 +235,8 @@ jobs:
          echo "json=$(jq --compact-output '.' /tmp/benchmark_durations.json)" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT

  benchmarks:
-    # `!failure() && !cancelled()` is required because the workflow depends on the job that can be skipped: `deploy` in PRs
-    if: github.ref_name == 'main' || (contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'run-benchmarks') && !failure() && !cancelled())
-    needs: [ check-permissions, build-build-tools-image, get-benchmarks-durations, deploy ]
+    if: github.ref_name == 'main' || contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'run-benchmarks')
+    needs: [ check-permissions, build-and-test-locally, build-build-tools-image, get-benchmarks-durations ]
    permissions:
      id-token: write # aws-actions/configure-aws-credentials
      statuses: write
@@ -498,7 +469,7 @@ jobs:

  trigger-e2e-tests:
    if: ${{ !github.event.pull_request.draft || contains( github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'run-e2e-tests-in-draft') || github.ref_name == 'main' || github.ref_name == 'release' || github.ref_name == 'release-proxy' || github.ref_name == 'release-compute' }}
-    needs: [ check-permissions, push-neon-image-dev, push-compute-image-dev, tag ]
+    needs: [ check-permissions, promote-images-dev, tag ]
    uses: ./.github/workflows/trigger-e2e-tests.yml
    secrets: inherit

@@ -572,6 +543,21 @@ jobs:
                                             neondatabase/neon:${{ needs.tag.outputs.build-tag }}-bookworm-x64 \
                                             neondatabase/neon:${{ needs.tag.outputs.build-tag }}-bookworm-arm64

+      - name: Configure AWS credentials
+        uses: aws-actions/configure-aws-credentials@v4
+        with:
+          aws-region: eu-central-1
+          role-to-assume: ${{ vars.DEV_AWS_OIDC_ROLE_ARN }}
+          role-duration-seconds: 3600
+
+      - name: Login to Amazon Dev ECR
+        uses: aws-actions/amazon-ecr-login@v2
+
+      - name: Push multi-arch image to ECR
+        run: |
+          docker buildx imagetools create -t 369495373322.dkr.ecr.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/neon:${{ needs.tag.outputs.build-tag }} \
+                                                                                neondatabase/neon:${{ needs.tag.outputs.build-tag }}
+
  compute-node-image-arch:
    needs: [ check-permissions, build-build-tools-image, tag ]
    permissions:
@@ -618,6 +604,16 @@ jobs:
          username: ${{ secrets.NEON_DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
          password: ${{ secrets.NEON_DOCKERHUB_PASSWORD }}

+      - name: Configure AWS credentials
+        uses: aws-actions/configure-aws-credentials@v4
+        with:
+          aws-region: eu-central-1
+          role-to-assume: ${{ vars.DEV_AWS_OIDC_ROLE_ARN }}
+          role-duration-seconds: 3600
+
+      - name: Login to Amazon Dev ECR
+        uses: aws-actions/amazon-ecr-login@v2
+
      - uses: docker/login-action@v3
        with:
          registry: cache.neon.build
@@ -658,7 +654,7 @@ jobs:
          push: true
          pull: true
          file: compute/compute-node.Dockerfile
-          target: extension-tests
+          target: neon-pg-ext-test
          cache-from: type=registry,ref=cache.neon.build/compute-node-${{ matrix.version.pg }}:cache-${{ matrix.version.debian }}-${{ matrix.arch }}
          tags: |
            neondatabase/neon-test-extensions-${{ matrix.version.pg }}:${{needs.tag.outputs.build-tag}}-${{ matrix.version.debian }}-${{ matrix.arch }}
@@ -705,6 +701,21 @@ jobs:
                                             neondatabase/neon-test-extensions-${{ matrix.version.pg }}:${{ needs.tag.outputs.build-tag }}-${{ matrix.version.debian }}-x64 \
                                             neondatabase/neon-test-extensions-${{ matrix.version.pg }}:${{ needs.tag.outputs.build-tag }}-${{ matrix.version.debian }}-arm64

+      - name: Configure AWS credentials
+        uses: aws-actions/configure-aws-credentials@v4
+        with:
+          aws-region: eu-central-1
+          role-to-assume: ${{ vars.DEV_AWS_OIDC_ROLE_ARN }}
+          role-duration-seconds: 3600
+
+      - name: Login to Amazon Dev ECR
+        uses: aws-actions/amazon-ecr-login@v2
+
+      - name: Push multi-arch compute-node-${{ matrix.version.pg }} image to ECR
+        run: |
+          docker buildx imagetools create -t 369495373322.dkr.ecr.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/compute-node-${{ matrix.version.pg }}:${{ needs.tag.outputs.build-tag }} \
+                                                                                neondatabase/compute-node-${{ matrix.version.pg }}:${{ needs.tag.outputs.build-tag }}
+
  vm-compute-node-image:
    needs: [ check-permissions, tag, compute-node-image ]
    runs-on: [ self-hosted, large ]
@@ -837,112 +848,133 @@ jobs:
          docker compose --profile test-extensions -f ./docker-compose/docker-compose.yml logs || true
          docker compose --profile test-extensions -f ./docker-compose/docker-compose.yml down

-  generate-image-maps:
-    needs: [ tag ]
+  promote-images-dev:
+    needs: [ check-permissions, tag, vm-compute-node-image, neon-image ]
    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
-    outputs:
-      neon-dev: ${{ steps.generate.outputs.neon-dev }}
-      neon-prod: ${{ steps.generate.outputs.neon-prod }}
-      compute-dev: ${{ steps.generate.outputs.compute-dev }}
-      compute-prod: ${{ steps.generate.outputs.compute-prod }}
+
+    permissions:
+      id-token: write # aws-actions/configure-aws-credentials
+      statuses: write
+      contents: read
+
+    env:
+      VERSIONS: v14 v15 v16 v17
+
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: docker/login-action@v3
        with:
-          sparse-checkout: scripts/generate_image_maps.py
-          sparse-checkout-cone-mode: false
+          username: ${{ secrets.NEON_DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
+          password: ${{ secrets.NEON_DOCKERHUB_PASSWORD }}

-      - name: Generate Image Maps
-        id: generate
-        run: python scripts/generate_image_maps.py
-        env:
-          BUILD_TAG: "${{ needs.tag.outputs.build-tag }}"
-          BRANCH: "${{ github.ref_name }}"
-          DEV_ACR: "${{ vars.AZURE_DEV_REGISTRY_NAME }}"
-          PROD_ACR: "${{ vars.AZURE_PROD_REGISTRY_NAME }}"
-          DEV_AWS: "${{ vars.NEON_DEV_AWS_ACCOUNT_ID }}"
-          PROD_AWS: "${{ vars.NEON_PROD_AWS_ACCOUNT_ID }}"
-          AWS_REGION: "${{ vars.AWS_ECR_REGION }}"
+      - name: Configure AWS credentials
+        uses: aws-actions/configure-aws-credentials@v4
+        with:
+          aws-region: eu-central-1
+          role-to-assume: ${{ vars.DEV_AWS_OIDC_ROLE_ARN }}
+          role-duration-seconds: 3600

-  push-neon-image-dev:
-    needs: [ generate-image-maps, neon-image ]
-    uses: ./.github/workflows/_push-to-container-registry.yml
-    with:
-      image-map: '${{ needs.generate-image-maps.outputs.neon-dev }}'
-      aws-region: ${{ vars.AWS_ECR_REGION }}
-      aws-account-ids: "${{ vars.NEON_DEV_AWS_ACCOUNT_ID }}"
-      azure-client-id: ${{ vars.AZURE_DEV_CLIENT_ID }}
-      azure-subscription-id: ${{ vars.AZURE_DEV_SUBSCRIPTION_ID }}
-      azure-tenant-id: ${{ vars.AZURE_TENANT_ID }}
-      acr-registry-name: ${{ vars.AZURE_DEV_REGISTRY_NAME }}
-    secrets:
-      aws-role-to-assume: "${{ vars.DEV_AWS_OIDC_ROLE_ARN }}"
-      docker-hub-username: ${{ secrets.NEON_DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
-      docker-hub-password: ${{ secrets.NEON_DOCKERHUB_PASSWORD }}
+      - name: Login to Amazon Dev ECR
+        uses: aws-actions/amazon-ecr-login@v2

-  push-compute-image-dev:
-    needs: [ generate-image-maps, vm-compute-node-image ]
-    uses: ./.github/workflows/_push-to-container-registry.yml
-    with:
-      image-map: '${{ needs.generate-image-maps.outputs.compute-dev }}'
-      aws-region: ${{ vars.AWS_ECR_REGION }}
-      aws-account-ids: "${{ vars.NEON_DEV_AWS_ACCOUNT_ID }}"
-      azure-client-id: ${{ vars.AZURE_DEV_CLIENT_ID }}
-      azure-subscription-id: ${{ vars.AZURE_DEV_SUBSCRIPTION_ID }}
-      azure-tenant-id: ${{ vars.AZURE_TENANT_ID }}
-      acr-registry-name: ${{ vars.AZURE_DEV_REGISTRY_NAME }}
-    secrets:
-      aws-role-to-assume: "${{ vars.DEV_AWS_OIDC_ROLE_ARN }}"
-      docker-hub-username: ${{ secrets.NEON_DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
-      docker-hub-password: ${{ secrets.NEON_DOCKERHUB_PASSWORD }}
+      - name: Copy vm-compute-node images to ECR
+        run: |
+          for version in ${VERSIONS}; do
+            docker buildx imagetools create -t 369495373322.dkr.ecr.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/vm-compute-node-${version}:${{ needs.tag.outputs.build-tag }} \
+                                               neondatabase/vm-compute-node-${version}:${{ needs.tag.outputs.build-tag }}
+          done

-  push-neon-image-prod:
-    if: github.ref_name == 'release' || github.ref_name == 'release-proxy' || github.ref_name == 'release-compute'
-    needs: [ generate-image-maps, neon-image, test-images ]
-    uses: ./.github/workflows/_push-to-container-registry.yml
-    with:
-      image-map: '${{ needs.generate-image-maps.outputs.neon-prod }}'
-      aws-region: ${{ vars.AWS_ECR_REGION }}
-      aws-account-ids: "${{ vars.NEON_PROD_AWS_ACCOUNT_ID }}"
-      azure-client-id: ${{ vars.AZURE_PROD_CLIENT_ID }}
-      azure-subscription-id: ${{ vars.AZURE_PROD_SUBSCRIPTION_ID }}
-      azure-tenant-id: ${{ vars.AZURE_TENANT_ID }}
-      acr-registry-name: ${{ vars.AZURE_PROD_REGISTRY_NAME }}
-    secrets:
-      aws-role-to-assume: "${{ secrets.PROD_GHA_OIDC_ROLE }}"
-      docker-hub-username: ${{ secrets.NEON_DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
-      docker-hub-password: ${{ secrets.NEON_DOCKERHUB_PASSWORD }}
+  promote-images-prod:
+    needs: [ check-permissions, tag, test-images, promote-images-dev ]
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+    if: github.ref_name == 'main' || github.ref_name == 'release' || github.ref_name == 'release-proxy' || github.ref_name == 'release-compute'

-  push-compute-image-prod:
-    if: github.ref_name == 'release' || github.ref_name == 'release-proxy' || github.ref_name == 'release-compute'
-    needs: [ generate-image-maps, vm-compute-node-image, test-images ]
-    uses: ./.github/workflows/_push-to-container-registry.yml
-    with:
-      image-map: '${{ needs.generate-image-maps.outputs.compute-prod }}'
-      aws-region: ${{ vars.AWS_ECR_REGION }}
-      aws-account-ids: "${{ vars.NEON_PROD_AWS_ACCOUNT_ID }}"
-      azure-client-id: ${{ vars.AZURE_PROD_CLIENT_ID }}
-      azure-subscription-id: ${{ vars.AZURE_PROD_SUBSCRIPTION_ID }}
-      azure-tenant-id: ${{ vars.AZURE_TENANT_ID }}
-      acr-registry-name: ${{ vars.AZURE_PROD_REGISTRY_NAME }}
-    secrets:
-      aws-role-to-assume: "${{ secrets.PROD_GHA_OIDC_ROLE }}"
-      docker-hub-username: ${{ secrets.NEON_DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
-      docker-hub-password: ${{ secrets.NEON_DOCKERHUB_PASSWORD }}
+    permissions:
+      id-token: write # aws-actions/configure-aws-credentials
+      statuses: write
+      contents: read

-  # This is a bit of a special case so we're not using a generated image map.
-  add-latest-tag-to-neon-extensions-test-image:
+    env:
+      VERSIONS: v14 v15 v16 v17
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Configure AWS credentials
+        uses: aws-actions/configure-aws-credentials@v4
+        with:
+          aws-region: eu-central-1
+          role-to-assume: ${{ vars.DEV_AWS_OIDC_ROLE_ARN }}
+          role-duration-seconds: 3600
+
+      - name: Login to Amazon Dev ECR
+        uses: aws-actions/amazon-ecr-login@v2
+
+      - uses: docker/login-action@v3
+        with:
+          username: ${{ secrets.NEON_DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
+          password: ${{ secrets.NEON_DOCKERHUB_PASSWORD }}
+
+      - name: Add latest tag to images
+        if: github.ref_name == 'main'
+        run: |
+          for repo in neondatabase 369495373322.dkr.ecr.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com; do
+            docker buildx imagetools create -t $repo/neon:latest \
+                                               $repo/neon:${{ needs.tag.outputs.build-tag }}
+
+            for version in ${VERSIONS}; do
+              docker buildx imagetools create -t $repo/compute-node-${version}:latest \
+                                                 $repo/compute-node-${version}:${{ needs.tag.outputs.build-tag }}
+
+              docker buildx imagetools create -t $repo/vm-compute-node-${version}:latest \
+                                                 $repo/vm-compute-node-${version}:${{ needs.tag.outputs.build-tag }}
+            done
+          done
+          docker buildx imagetools create -t neondatabase/neon-test-extensions-v16:latest \
+                                              neondatabase/neon-test-extensions-v16:${{ needs.tag.outputs.build-tag }}
+
+      - name: Configure AWS-prod credentials
+        if: github.ref_name == 'release'|| github.ref_name == 'release-proxy' || github.ref_name == 'release-compute'
+        uses: aws-actions/configure-aws-credentials@v4
+        with:
+          aws-region: eu-central-1
+          mask-aws-account-id: true
+          role-to-assume: ${{ secrets.PROD_GHA_OIDC_ROLE }}
+
+      - name: Login to prod ECR
+        uses: docker/login-action@v3
+        if: github.ref_name == 'release'|| github.ref_name == 'release-proxy' || github.ref_name == 'release-compute'
+        with:
+          registry: 093970136003.dkr.ecr.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com
+
+      - name: Copy all images to prod ECR
+        if: github.ref_name == 'release' || github.ref_name == 'release-proxy' || github.ref_name == 'release-compute'
+        run: |
+          for image in neon {vm-,}compute-node-{v14,v15,v16,v17}; do
+            docker buildx imagetools create -t 093970136003.dkr.ecr.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/${image}:${{ needs.tag.outputs.build-tag }} \
+                                               369495373322.dkr.ecr.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/${image}:${{ needs.tag.outputs.build-tag }}
+          done
+
+  push-to-acr-dev:
    if: github.ref_name == 'main'
-    needs: [ tag, compute-node-image ]
-    uses: ./.github/workflows/_push-to-container-registry.yml
+    needs: [ tag, promote-images-dev ]
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/_push-to-acr.yml
    with:
-      image-map: |
-        {
-          "docker.io/neondatabase/neon-test-extensions-v16:${{ needs.tag.outputs.build-tag }}": ["docker.io/neondatabase/neon-test-extensions-v16:latest"],
-          "docker.io/neondatabase/neon-test-extensions-v17:${{ needs.tag.outputs.build-tag }}": ["docker.io/neondatabase/neon-test-extensions-v17:latest"]
-        }
-    secrets:
-      docker-hub-username: ${{ secrets.NEON_DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
-      docker-hub-password: ${{ secrets.NEON_DOCKERHUB_PASSWORD }}
+      client_id: ${{ vars.AZURE_DEV_CLIENT_ID }}
+      image_tag: ${{ needs.tag.outputs.build-tag }}
+      images: neon vm-compute-node-v14 vm-compute-node-v15 vm-compute-node-v16 vm-compute-node-v17 compute-node-v14 compute-node-v15 compute-node-v16 compute-node-v17
+      registry_name: ${{ vars.AZURE_DEV_REGISTRY_NAME }}
+      subscription_id: ${{ vars.AZURE_DEV_SUBSCRIPTION_ID }}
+      tenant_id: ${{ vars.AZURE_TENANT_ID }}
+
+  push-to-acr-prod:
+    if: github.ref_name == 'release' || github.ref_name == 'release-proxy' || github.ref_name == 'release-compute'
+    needs: [ tag, promote-images-prod ]
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/_push-to-acr.yml
+    with:
+      client_id: ${{ vars.AZURE_PROD_CLIENT_ID }}
+      image_tag: ${{ needs.tag.outputs.build-tag }}
+      images: neon vm-compute-node-v14 vm-compute-node-v15 vm-compute-node-v16 vm-compute-node-v17 compute-node-v14 compute-node-v15 compute-node-v16 compute-node-v17
+      registry_name: ${{ vars.AZURE_PROD_REGISTRY_NAME }}
+      subscription_id: ${{ vars.AZURE_PROD_SUBSCRIPTION_ID }}
+      tenant_id: ${{ vars.AZURE_TENANT_ID }}

  trigger-custom-extensions-build-and-wait:
    needs: [ check-permissions, tag ]
@@ -1024,7 +1056,7 @@ jobs:
          exit 1

  deploy:
-    needs: [ check-permissions, push-neon-image-prod, push-compute-image-prod, tag, build-and-test-locally, trigger-custom-extensions-build-and-wait ]
+    needs: [ check-permissions, promote-images-prod, tag, build-and-test-locally, trigger-custom-extensions-build-and-wait, push-to-acr-dev, push-to-acr-prod ]
    # `!failure() && !cancelled()` is required because the workflow depends on the job that can be skipped: `push-to-acr-dev` and `push-to-acr-prod`
    if: (github.ref_name == 'main' || github.ref_name == 'release' || github.ref_name == 'release-proxy' || github.ref_name == 'release-compute') && !failure() && !cancelled()
    permissions:
@@ -1032,7 +1064,7 @@ jobs:
      statuses: write
      contents: write
    runs-on: [ self-hosted, small ]
-    container: ${{ vars.NEON_DEV_AWS_ACCOUNT_ID }}.dkr.ecr.${{ vars.AWS_ECR_REGION }}.amazonaws.com/ansible:latest
+    container: 369495373322.dkr.ecr.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/ansible:latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4

@@ -1181,22 +1213,6 @@ jobs:
            exit 1
          fi

-  notify-storage-release-deploy-failure:
-    needs: [ deploy ]
-    # We want this to run even if (transitive) dependencies are skipped, because deploy should really be successful on release branch workflow runs.
-    if: github.ref_name == 'release' && needs.deploy.result != 'success' && always()
-    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
-    steps:
-      - name: Post release-deploy failure to team-storage slack channel
-        uses: slackapi/slack-github-action@v2
-        with:
-          method: chat.postMessage
-          token: ${{ secrets.SLACK_BOT_TOKEN }}
-          payload: |
-            channel: ${{ vars.SLACK_STORAGE_CHANNEL_ID }}
-            text: |
-              🔴 @oncall-storage: deploy job on release branch had unexpected status "${{ needs.deploy.result }}" <${{ github.server_url }}/${{ github.repository }}/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }}|GitHub Run>.
-
  # The job runs on `release` branch and copies compatibility data and Neon artifact from the last *release PR* to the latest directory
  promote-compatibility-data:
    needs: [ deploy ]
@@ -1293,7 +1309,7 @@ jobs:
          done

  pin-build-tools-image:
-    needs: [ build-build-tools-image, test-images, build-and-test-locally ]
+    needs: [ build-build-tools-image, promote-images-prod, build-and-test-locally ]
    if: github.ref_name == 'main'
    uses: ./.github/workflows/pin-build-tools-image.yml
    with:
@@ -1316,10 +1332,7 @@ jobs:
      - build-and-test-locally
      - check-codestyle-python
      - check-codestyle-rust
-      - check-dependencies-rust
-      - files-changed
-      - push-compute-image-dev
-      - push-neon-image-dev
+      - promote-images-dev
      - test-images
      - trigger-custom-extensions-build-and-wait
    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
@@ -1331,12 +1344,4 @@ jobs:
        if: |
          contains(needs.*.result, 'failure')
          || contains(needs.*.result, 'cancelled')
-          || (needs.check-dependencies-rust.result == 'skipped' && needs.files-changed.outputs.check-rust-dependencies == 'true')
-          || needs.build-and-test-locally.result == 'skipped'
-          || needs.check-codestyle-python.result == 'skipped'
-          || needs.check-codestyle-rust.result == 'skipped'
-          || needs.files-changed.result == 'skipped'
-          || needs.push-compute-image-dev.result == 'skipped'
-          || needs.push-neon-image-dev.result == 'skipped'
-          || needs.test-images.result == 'skipped'
-          || needs.trigger-custom-extensions-build-and-wait.result == 'skipped'
+          || contains(needs.*.result, 'skipped')
--- a/.github/workflows/build_and_test_with_sanitizers.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/build_and_test_with_sanitizers.yml
@@ -1,134 +0,0 @@
-name: Build and Test with Sanitizers
-
-on:
-  schedule:
-    # * is a special character in YAML so you have to quote this string
-    #          ┌───────────── minute (0 - 59)
-    #          │ ┌───────────── hour (0 - 23)
-    #          │ │ ┌───────────── day of the month (1 - 31)
-    #          │ │ │ ┌───────────── month (1 - 12 or JAN-DEC)
-    #          │ │ │ │ ┌───────────── day of the week (0 - 6 or SUN-SAT)
-    - cron:   '0 1 * * *' # run once a day, timezone is utc
-  workflow_dispatch:
-
-defaults:
-  run:
-    shell: bash -euxo pipefail {0}
-
-concurrency:
-  # Allow only one workflow per any non-`main` branch.
-  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref_name }}-${{ github.ref_name == 'main' && github.sha || 'anysha' }}
-  cancel-in-progress: true
-
-env:
-  RUST_BACKTRACE: 1
-  COPT: '-Werror'
-
-jobs:
-  tag:
-    runs-on: [ self-hosted, small ]
-    container: ${{ vars.NEON_DEV_AWS_ACCOUNT_ID }}.dkr.ecr.${{ vars.AWS_ECR_REGION }}.amazonaws.com/base:pinned
-    outputs:
-      build-tag: ${{steps.build-tag.outputs.tag}}
-
-    steps:
-      # Need `fetch-depth: 0` to count the number of commits in the branch
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          fetch-depth: 0
-
-      - name: Get build tag
-        run: |
-          echo run:$GITHUB_RUN_ID
-          echo ref:$GITHUB_REF_NAME
-          echo rev:$(git rev-list --count HEAD)
-          if [[ "$GITHUB_REF_NAME" == "main" ]]; then
-            echo "tag=$(git rev-list --count HEAD)" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-          elif [[ "$GITHUB_REF_NAME" == "release" ]]; then
-            echo "tag=release-$(git rev-list --count HEAD)" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-          elif [[ "$GITHUB_REF_NAME" == "release-proxy" ]]; then
-            echo "tag=release-proxy-$(git rev-list --count HEAD)" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-          elif [[ "$GITHUB_REF_NAME" == "release-compute" ]]; then
-            echo "tag=release-compute-$(git rev-list --count HEAD)" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-          else
-            echo "GITHUB_REF_NAME (value '$GITHUB_REF_NAME') is not set to either 'main' or 'release', 'release-proxy', 'release-compute'"
-            echo "tag=$GITHUB_RUN_ID" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-          fi
-        shell: bash
-        id: build-tag
-
-  build-build-tools-image:
-    uses: ./.github/workflows/build-build-tools-image.yml
-    secrets: inherit
-
-  build-and-test-locally:
-    needs: [ tag, build-build-tools-image ]
-    strategy:
-      fail-fast: false
-      matrix:
-        arch: [ x64, arm64 ]
-        build-type: [ release ]
-    uses: ./.github/workflows/_build-and-test-locally.yml
-    with:
-      arch: ${{ matrix.arch }}
-      build-tools-image: ${{ needs.build-build-tools-image.outputs.image }}-bookworm
-      build-tag: ${{ needs.tag.outputs.build-tag }}
-      build-type: ${{ matrix.build-type }}
-      test-cfg: '[{"pg_version":"v17"}]'
-      sanitizers: enabled
-    secrets: inherit
-
-
-  create-test-report:
-    needs: [ build-and-test-locally, build-build-tools-image ]
-    if: ${{ !cancelled() }}
-    permissions:
-      id-token: write # aws-actions/configure-aws-credentials
-      statuses: write
-      contents: write
-      pull-requests: write
-    outputs:
-      report-url: ${{ steps.create-allure-report.outputs.report-url }}
-
-    runs-on: [ self-hosted, small ]
-    container:
-      image: ${{ needs.build-build-tools-image.outputs.image }}-bookworm
-      credentials:
-        username: ${{ secrets.NEON_DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
-        password: ${{ secrets.NEON_DOCKERHUB_PASSWORD }}
-      options: --init
-
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-
-      - name: Create Allure report
-        if: ${{ !cancelled() }}
-        id: create-allure-report
-        uses: ./.github/actions/allure-report-generate
-        with:
-          store-test-results-into-db: true
-          aws-oicd-role-arn: ${{ vars.DEV_AWS_OIDC_ROLE_ARN }}
-        env:
-          REGRESS_TEST_RESULT_CONNSTR_NEW: ${{ secrets.REGRESS_TEST_RESULT_CONNSTR_NEW }}
-
-      - uses: actions/github-script@v7
-        if: ${{ !cancelled() }}
-        with:
-          # Retry script for 5XX server errors: https://github.com/actions/github-script#retries
-          retries: 5
-          script: |
-            const report = {
-              reportUrl:     "${{ steps.create-allure-report.outputs.report-url }}",
-              reportJsonUrl: "${{ steps.create-allure-report.outputs.report-json-url }}",
-            }
-
-            const coverage = {}
-
-            const script = require("./scripts/comment-test-report.js")
-            await script({
-              github,
-              context,
-              fetch,
-              report,
-              coverage,
-            })
--- a/.github/workflows/cargo-deny.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/cargo-deny.yml
@@ -1,57 +0,0 @@
-name: cargo deny checks
-
-on:
-  workflow_call:
-    inputs:
-      build-tools-image:
-        required: false
-        type: string
-  schedule:
-    - cron: '0 0 * * *'
-
-jobs:
-  cargo-deny:
-    strategy:
-      matrix:
-        ref: >-
-          ${{
-            fromJSON(
-              github.event_name == 'schedule'
-                && '["main","release","release-proxy","release-compute"]'
-                || format('["{0}"]', github.sha)
-            )
-          }}
-
-    runs-on: [self-hosted, small]
-
-    container:
-      image: ${{ inputs.build-tools-image || 'neondatabase/build-tools:pinned' }}
-      credentials:
-        username: ${{ secrets.NEON_DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
-        password: ${{ secrets.NEON_DOCKERHUB_PASSWORD }}
-      options: --init
-
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          ref: ${{ matrix.ref }}
-
-      - name: Check rust licenses/bans/advisories/sources
-        env:
-          CARGO_DENY_TARGET: >-
-            ${{ github.event_name == 'schedule' && 'advisories' || 'all' }}
-        run: cargo deny check --hide-inclusion-graph $CARGO_DENY_TARGET
-
-      - name: Post to a Slack channel
-        if: ${{ github.event_name == 'schedule' && failure() }}
-        uses: slackapi/slack-github-action@v2
-        with:
-          method: chat.postMessage
-          token: ${{ secrets.SLACK_BOT_TOKEN }}
-          payload: |
-            channel: ${{ vars.SLACK_CICD_CHANNEL_ID }}
-            text: |
-              Periodic cargo-deny on ${{ matrix.ref }}: ${{ job.status }}
-              <${{ github.server_url }}/${{ github.repository }}/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }}|GitHub Run>
-              Pinging @oncall-devprod.
--- a/.github/workflows/force-test-extensions-upgrade.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/force-test-extensions-upgrade.yml
@@ -1,76 +0,0 @@
-name: Force Test Upgrading of Extension
-on:
-  schedule:
-    # * is a special character in YAML so you have to quote this string
-    #          ┌───────────── minute (0 - 59)
-    #          │ ┌───────────── hour (0 - 23)
-    #          │ │ ┌───────────── day of the month (1 - 31)
-    #          │ │ │ ┌───────────── month (1 - 12 or JAN-DEC)
-    #          │ │ │ │ ┌───────────── day of the week (0 - 6 or SUN-SAT)
-    - cron:  '45 2 * * *' # run once a day, timezone is utc
-  workflow_dispatch: # adds ability to run this manually
-
-defaults:
-  run:
-    shell: bash -euxo pipefail {0}
-
-concurrency:
-  # Allow only one workflow
-  group: ${{ github.workflow }}
-  cancel-in-progress: true
-
-permissions:
-  id-token: write # aws-actions/configure-aws-credentials
-  statuses: write
-  contents: read
-
-jobs:
-  regress:
-    strategy:
-      fail-fast: false
-      matrix:
-        pg-version: [16, 17]
-
-    runs-on: small
-
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          submodules: false
-
-      - name: Get the last compute release tag
-        id: get-last-compute-release-tag
-        env:
-          GH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-        run: |
-          tag=$(gh api -q '[.[].tag_name | select(startswith("release-compute"))][0]'\
-            -H "Accept: application/vnd.github+json" \
-            -H "X-GitHub-Api-Version: 2022-11-28" \
-            "/repos/${GITHUB_REPOSITORY}/releases")
-          echo tag=${tag} >> ${GITHUB_OUTPUT}
-
-      - name: Test extension upgrade
-        timeout-minutes: 20
-        env:
-          NEWTAG: latest
-          OLDTAG: ${{ steps.get-last-compute-release-tag.outputs.tag }}
-          PG_VERSION: ${{ matrix.pg-version }}
-          FORCE_ALL_UPGRADE_TESTS: true
-        run: ./docker-compose/test_extensions_upgrade.sh
-
-      - name: Print logs and clean up
-        if: always()
-        run: |
-          docker compose --profile test-extensions -f ./docker-compose/docker-compose.yml logs || true
-          docker compose --profile test-extensions -f ./docker-compose/docker-compose.yml down
-
-      - name: Post to the Slack channel
-        if: ${{ github.event.schedule && failure() }}
-        uses: slackapi/slack-github-action@v1
-        with:
-          channel-id: ${{ vars.SLACK_ON_CALL_QA_STAGING_STREAM }}
-          slack-message: |
-            Test upgrading of extensions: ${{ job.status }}
-            <${{ github.server_url }}/${{ github.repository }}/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }}|GitHub Run>
-        env:
-          SLACK_BOT_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.SLACK_BOT_TOKEN }}
--- a/.github/workflows/ingest_benchmark.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ingest_benchmark.yml
@@ -32,27 +32,18 @@ jobs:
          - target_project: new_empty_project_stripe_size_2048 
            stripe_size: 2048 # 16 MiB
            postgres_version: 16
-            disable_sharding: false
          - target_project: new_empty_project_stripe_size_32768
            stripe_size: 32768 # 256 MiB # note that this is different from null because using null will shard_split the project only if it reaches the threshold
                               # while here it is sharded from the beginning with a shard size of 256 MiB
-            disable_sharding: false
            postgres_version: 16
          - target_project: new_empty_project
            stripe_size: null # run with neon defaults which will shard split only when reaching the threshold
-            disable_sharding: false
            postgres_version: 16
          - target_project: new_empty_project
            stripe_size: null # run with neon defaults which will shard split only when reaching the threshold
-            disable_sharding: false
            postgres_version: 17
          - target_project: large_existing_project
            stripe_size: null # cannot re-shared or choose different stripe size for existing, already sharded project
-            disable_sharding: false
-            postgres_version: 16
-          - target_project: new_empty_project_unsharded
-            stripe_size: null # run with neon defaults which will shard split only when reaching the threshold
-            disable_sharding: true
            postgres_version: 16
      max-parallel: 1 # we want to run each stripe size sequentially to be able to compare the results
    permissions:
@@ -105,7 +96,6 @@ jobs:
        admin_api_key: ${{ secrets.NEON_STAGING_ADMIN_API_KEY }} 
        shard_count: 8
        stripe_size: ${{ matrix.stripe_size }}
-        disable_sharding: ${{ matrix.disable_sharding }} 

    - name: Initialize Neon project
      if: ${{ startsWith(matrix.target_project, 'new_empty_project') }}
--- a/.github/workflows/pg-clients.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/pg-clients.yml
@@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ on:
  pull_request:
    paths:
      - '.github/workflows/pg-clients.yml'
-      - 'test_runner/pg_clients/**/*.py'
-      - 'test_runner/logical_repl/**/*.py'
+      - 'test_runner/pg_clients/**'
+      - 'test_runner/logical_repl/**'
      - 'poetry.lock'
  workflow_dispatch:

@@ -104,8 +104,6 @@ jobs:
        with:
          api_key: ${{ secrets.NEON_STAGING_API_KEY }}
          postgres_version: ${{ env.DEFAULT_PG_VERSION }}
-          project_settings: >-
-            {"enable_logical_replication": true}

      - name: Run tests
        uses: ./.github/actions/run-python-test-set
--- a/.github/workflows/pin-build-tools-image.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/pin-build-tools-image.yml
@@ -33,6 +33,10 @@ concurrency:
 # No permission for GITHUB_TOKEN by default; the **minimal required** set of permissions should be granted in each job.
 permissions: {}

+env:
+  FROM_TAG: ${{ inputs.from-tag }}
+  TO_TAG: pinned
+
 jobs:
  check-manifests:
    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
@@ -42,14 +46,11 @@ jobs:
    steps:
      - name: Check if we really need to pin the image
        id: check-manifests
-        env:
-          FROM_TAG: ${{ inputs.from-tag }}
-          TO_TAG: pinned
        run: |
-          docker manifest inspect "docker.io/neondatabase/build-tools:${FROM_TAG}" > "${FROM_TAG}.json"
-          docker manifest inspect "docker.io/neondatabase/build-tools:${TO_TAG}"   > "${TO_TAG}.json"
+          docker manifest inspect neondatabase/build-tools:${FROM_TAG} > ${FROM_TAG}.json
+          docker manifest inspect neondatabase/build-tools:${TO_TAG}   > ${TO_TAG}.json

-          if diff "${FROM_TAG}.json" "${TO_TAG}.json"; then
+          if diff ${FROM_TAG}.json ${TO_TAG}.json; then
            skip=true
          else
            skip=false
@@ -63,34 +64,55 @@ jobs:
    # use format(..) to catch both inputs.force = true AND inputs.force = 'true'
    if: needs.check-manifests.outputs.skip == 'false' || format('{0}', inputs.force) == 'true'

-    permissions:
-      id-token: write  # Required for aws/azure login
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04

-    uses: ./.github/workflows/_push-to-container-registry.yml
-    with:
-      image-map: |
-        {
-          "docker.io/neondatabase/build-tools:${{ inputs.from-tag }}-bullseye": [
-            "docker.io/neondatabase/build-tools:pinned-bullseye",
-            "${{ vars.NEON_DEV_AWS_ACCOUNT_ID }}.dkr.ecr.${{ vars.AWS_ECR_REGION }}.amazonaws.com/build-tools:pinned-bullseye",
-            "${{ vars.AZURE_DEV_REGISTRY_NAME }}.azurecr.io/neondatabase/build-tools:pinned-bullseye"
-          ],
-          "docker.io/neondatabase/build-tools:${{ inputs.from-tag }}-bookworm": [
-            "docker.io/neondatabase/build-tools:pinned-bookworm",
-            "docker.io/neondatabase/build-tools:pinned",
-            "${{ vars.NEON_DEV_AWS_ACCOUNT_ID }}.dkr.ecr.${{ vars.AWS_ECR_REGION }}.amazonaws.com/build-tools:pinned-bookworm",
-            "${{ vars.NEON_DEV_AWS_ACCOUNT_ID }}.dkr.ecr.${{ vars.AWS_ECR_REGION }}.amazonaws.com/build-tools:pinned",
-            "${{ vars.AZURE_DEV_REGISTRY_NAME }}.azurecr.io/neondatabase/build-tools:pinned-bookworm",
-            "${{ vars.AZURE_DEV_REGISTRY_NAME }}.azurecr.io/neondatabase/build-tools:pinned"
-          ]
-        }
-      aws-region: ${{ vars.AWS_ECR_REGION }}
-      aws-account-ids: "${{ vars.NEON_DEV_AWS_ACCOUNT_ID }}"
-      azure-client-id: ${{ vars.AZURE_DEV_CLIENT_ID }}
-      azure-subscription-id: ${{ vars.AZURE_DEV_SUBSCRIPTION_ID }}
-      azure-tenant-id: ${{ vars.AZURE_TENANT_ID }}
-      acr-registry-name: ${{ vars.AZURE_DEV_REGISTRY_NAME }}
-    secrets:
-      aws-role-to-assume: "${{ vars.DEV_AWS_OIDC_ROLE_ARN }}"
-      docker-hub-username: ${{ secrets.NEON_DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
-      docker-hub-password: ${{ secrets.NEON_DOCKERHUB_PASSWORD }}
+    permissions:
+      id-token: write # for `azure/login` and aws auth
+
+    steps:
+      - uses: docker/login-action@v3
+        with:
+          username: ${{ secrets.NEON_DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
+          password: ${{ secrets.NEON_DOCKERHUB_PASSWORD }}
+
+      - name: Configure AWS credentials
+        uses: aws-actions/configure-aws-credentials@v4
+        with:
+          aws-region: eu-central-1
+          role-to-assume: ${{ vars.DEV_AWS_OIDC_ROLE_ARN }}
+          role-duration-seconds: 3600
+
+      - name: Login to Amazon Dev ECR
+        uses: aws-actions/amazon-ecr-login@v2
+
+      - name: Azure login
+        uses: azure/login@6c251865b4e6290e7b78be643ea2d005bc51f69a  # @v2.1.1
+        with:
+          client-id: ${{ secrets.AZURE_DEV_CLIENT_ID }}
+          tenant-id: ${{ secrets.AZURE_TENANT_ID }}
+          subscription-id: ${{ secrets.AZURE_DEV_SUBSCRIPTION_ID }}
+
+      - name: Login to ACR
+        run: |
+          az acr login --name=neoneastus2
+
+      - name: Tag build-tools with `${{ env.TO_TAG }}` in Docker Hub, ECR, and ACR
+        env:
+          DEFAULT_DEBIAN_VERSION: bookworm
+        run: |
+          for debian_version in bullseye bookworm; do
+            tags=()
+
+            tags+=("-t" "neondatabase/build-tools:${TO_TAG}-${debian_version}")
+            tags+=("-t" "369495373322.dkr.ecr.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/build-tools:${TO_TAG}-${debian_version}")
+            tags+=("-t" "neoneastus2.azurecr.io/neondatabase/build-tools:${TO_TAG}-${debian_version}")
+
+            if [ "${debian_version}" == "${DEFAULT_DEBIAN_VERSION}" ]; then
+              tags+=("-t" "neondatabase/build-tools:${TO_TAG}")
+              tags+=("-t" "369495373322.dkr.ecr.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/build-tools:${TO_TAG}")
+              tags+=("-t" "neoneastus2.azurecr.io/neondatabase/build-tools:${TO_TAG}")
+            fi
+
+            docker buildx imagetools create "${tags[@]}" \
+                                              neondatabase/build-tools:${FROM_TAG}-${debian_version}
+          done
--- a/.github/workflows/pre-merge-checks.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/pre-merge-checks.yml
@@ -59,10 +59,7 @@ jobs:
          echo "${RUST_CHANGED_FILES}"

  build-build-tools-image:
-    if: |
-      false
-      || needs.get-changed-files.outputs.python-changed == 'true'
-      || needs.get-changed-files.outputs.rust-changed == 'true'
+    if: needs.get-changed-files.outputs.python-changed == 'true'
    needs: [ get-changed-files ]
    uses: ./.github/workflows/build-build-tools-image.yml
    with:
@@ -95,8 +92,7 @@ jobs:
  # - conclusion
  # - neon-cloud-e2e
  conclusion:
-    # Do not run job on Pull Requests as it interferes with the `conclusion` job from the `build_and_test` workflow
-    if: always() && github.event_name == 'merge_group'
+    if: always()
    permissions:
      statuses: write # for `github.repos.createCommitStatus(...)`
      contents: write
@@ -128,8 +124,6 @@ jobs:
      - name: Fail the job if any of the dependencies do not succeed or skipped
        run: exit 1
        if: |
-          false
-          || (needs.check-codestyle-python.result == 'skipped' && needs.get-changed-files.outputs.python-changed == 'true')
-          || (needs.check-codestyle-rust.result   == 'skipped' && needs.get-changed-files.outputs.rust-changed   == 'true')
+          (contains(needs.check-codestyle-python.result, 'skipped') && needs.get-changed-files.outputs.python-changed == 'true')
          || contains(needs.*.result, 'failure')
          || contains(needs.*.result, 'cancelled')
--- a/.github/workflows/regenerate-pg-setting.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/regenerate-pg-setting.yml
@@ -1,41 +0,0 @@
-name: Regenerate Postgres Settings
-
-on:
-  pull_request:
-    types:
-      - opened
-      - synchronize
-      - reopened
-    paths:
-      - pgxn/neon/**.c
-      - vendor/postgres-v*
-      - vendor/revisions.json
-
-concurrency:
-  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.head_ref }}
-  cancel-in-progress: true
-
-permissions:
-  pull-requests: write
-
-jobs:
-  regenerate-pg-settings:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
-
-    steps:
-      - name: Add comment
-        uses: thollander/actions-comment-pull-request@v3
-        with:
-          comment-tag: ${{ github.job }}
-          pr-number: ${{ github.event.number }}
-          message: |
-            If this PR added a GUC in the Postgres fork or `neon` extension,
-            please regenerate the Postgres settings in the `cloud` repo:
-
-            ```
-            make NEON_WORKDIR=path/to/neon/checkout \
-              -C goapp/internal/shareddomain/postgres generate
-            ```
-
-            If you're an external contributor, a Neon employee will assist in
-            making sure this step is done.
--- a/.github/workflows/trigger-e2e-tests.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/trigger-e2e-tests.yml
@@ -15,14 +15,7 @@ env:
  E2E_CONCURRENCY_GROUP: ${{ github.repository }}-e2e-tests-${{ github.ref_name }}-${{ github.ref_name == 'main' && github.sha || 'anysha' }}

 jobs:
-  check-permissions:
-    if: ${{ !contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'run-no-ci') }}
-    uses: ./.github/workflows/check-permissions.yml
-    with:
-      github-event-name: ${{ github.event_name }}
-
  cancel-previous-e2e-tests:
-    needs: [ check-permissions ]
    if: github.event_name == 'pull_request'
    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04

@@ -36,7 +29,6 @@ jobs:
              --field concurrency_group="${{ env.E2E_CONCURRENCY_GROUP }}"

  tag:
-    needs: [ check-permissions ]
    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
    outputs:
      build-tag: ${{ steps.build-tag.outputs.tag }}
@@ -76,7 +68,7 @@ jobs:
      GH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.CI_ACCESS_TOKEN }}
      TAG: ${{ needs.tag.outputs.build-tag }}
    steps:
-      - name: Wait for `push-{neon,compute}-image-dev` job to finish
+      - name: Wait for `promote-images-dev` job to finish
        # It's important to have a timeout here, the script in the step can run infinitely
        timeout-minutes: 60
        run: |
@@ -87,20 +79,20 @@ jobs:
          # For PRs we use the run id as the tag
          BUILD_AND_TEST_RUN_ID=${TAG}
          while true; do
-            gh run --repo ${GITHUB_REPOSITORY} view ${BUILD_AND_TEST_RUN_ID} --json jobs --jq '[.jobs[] | select((.name | startswith("push-neon-image-dev")) or (.name | startswith("push-compute-image-dev"))) | {"name": .name, "conclusion": .conclusion, "url": .url}]' > jobs.json
-            if [ $(jq '[.[] | select(.conclusion == "success")] | length' jobs.json) -eq 2 ]; then
-              break
-            fi
-            jq -c '.[]' jobs.json | while read -r job; do
-              case $(echo $job | jq .conclusion) in
-                failure | cancelled | skipped)
-                  echo "The '$(echo $job | jq .name)' job didn't succeed: '$(echo $job | jq .conclusion)'. See log in '$(echo $job | jq .url)' Exiting..."
-                  exit 1
-                  ;;
-              esac
-            done
-            echo "The 'push-{neon,compute}-image-dev' jobs haven't succeeded yet. Waiting..."
-            sleep 60
+            conclusion=$(gh run --repo ${GITHUB_REPOSITORY} view ${BUILD_AND_TEST_RUN_ID} --json jobs --jq '.jobs[] | select(.name == "promote-images-dev") | .conclusion')
+            case "$conclusion" in
+              success)
+                break
+                ;;
+              failure | cancelled | skipped)
+                echo "The 'promote-images-dev' job didn't succeed: '${conclusion}'. Exiting..."
+                exit 1
+                ;;
+              *)
+                echo "The 'promote-images-dev' hasn't succeed yet. Waiting..."
+                sleep 60
+                ;;
+            esac
          done

      - name: Set e2e-platforms
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -206,16 +206,6 @@ dependencies = [
 "syn 2.0.90",
 ]

-[[package]]
-name = "assert-json-diff"
-version = "2.0.2"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "47e4f2b81832e72834d7518d8487a0396a28cc408186a2e8854c0f98011faf12"
-dependencies = [
- "serde",
- "serde_json",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "async-channel"
 version = "1.9.0"
@@ -786,7 +776,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "azure_core"
 version = "0.21.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/neondatabase/azure-sdk-for-rust.git?branch=neon#f64bd57262ced51afce5d8909c06dcb11a6dd85a"
+source = "git+https://github.com/neondatabase/azure-sdk-for-rust.git?branch=neon#66e77bdd87bf87e773acf3b0c84b532c1124367d"
 dependencies = [
 "async-trait",
 "base64 0.22.1",
@@ -815,7 +805,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "azure_identity"
 version = "0.21.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/neondatabase/azure-sdk-for-rust.git?branch=neon#f64bd57262ced51afce5d8909c06dcb11a6dd85a"
+source = "git+https://github.com/neondatabase/azure-sdk-for-rust.git?branch=neon#66e77bdd87bf87e773acf3b0c84b532c1124367d"
 dependencies = [
 "async-lock",
 "async-trait",
@@ -834,7 +824,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "azure_storage"
 version = "0.21.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/neondatabase/azure-sdk-for-rust.git?branch=neon#f64bd57262ced51afce5d8909c06dcb11a6dd85a"
+source = "git+https://github.com/neondatabase/azure-sdk-for-rust.git?branch=neon#66e77bdd87bf87e773acf3b0c84b532c1124367d"
 dependencies = [
 "RustyXML",
 "async-lock",
@@ -852,7 +842,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "azure_storage_blobs"
 version = "0.21.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/neondatabase/azure-sdk-for-rust.git?branch=neon#f64bd57262ced51afce5d8909c06dcb11a6dd85a"
+source = "git+https://github.com/neondatabase/azure-sdk-for-rust.git?branch=neon#66e77bdd87bf87e773acf3b0c84b532c1124367d"
 dependencies = [
 "RustyXML",
 "azure_core",
@@ -872,7 +862,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "azure_svc_blobstorage"
 version = "0.21.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/neondatabase/azure-sdk-for-rust.git?branch=neon#f64bd57262ced51afce5d8909c06dcb11a6dd85a"
+source = "git+https://github.com/neondatabase/azure-sdk-for-rust.git?branch=neon#66e77bdd87bf87e773acf3b0c84b532c1124367d"
 dependencies = [
 "azure_core",
 "bytes",
@@ -988,7 +978,7 @@ version = "0.70.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "f49d8fed880d473ea71efb9bf597651e77201bdd4893efe54c9e5d65ae04ce6f"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.8.0",
+ "bitflags 2.4.1",
 "cexpr",
 "clang-sys",
 "itertools 0.12.1",
@@ -1016,9 +1006,9 @@ checksum = "bef38d45163c2f1dde094a7dfd33ccf595c92905c8f8f4fdc18d06fb1037718a"

 [[package]]
 name = "bitflags"
-version = "2.8.0"
+version = "2.4.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "8f68f53c83ab957f72c32642f3868eec03eb974d1fb82e453128456482613d36"
+checksum = "327762f6e5a765692301e5bb513e0d9fef63be86bbc14528052b1cd3e6f03e07"

 [[package]]
 name = "block-buffer"
@@ -1235,20 +1225,6 @@ version = "0.7.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "afb84c814227b90d6895e01398aee0d8033c00e7466aca416fb6a8e0eb19d8a7"

-[[package]]
-name = "clashmap"
-version = "1.0.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "93bd59c81e2bd87a775ae2de75f070f7e2bfe97363a6ad652f46824564c23e4d"
-dependencies = [
- "crossbeam-utils",
- "hashbrown 0.15.2",
- "lock_api",
- "parking_lot_core 0.9.8",
- "polonius-the-crab",
- "replace_with",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "colorchoice"
 version = "1.0.0"
@@ -1287,7 +1263,6 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
 "anyhow",
 "chrono",
- "jsonwebtoken",
 "regex",
 "remote_storage",
 "serde",
@@ -1303,7 +1278,6 @@ dependencies = [
 "aws-config",
 "aws-sdk-kms",
 "aws-sdk-s3",
- "aws-smithy-types",
 "axum",
 "base64 0.13.1",
 "bytes",
@@ -1325,6 +1299,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "opentelemetry_sdk",
 "postgres",
 "postgres_initdb",
+ "prometheus",
 "regex",
 "remote_storage",
 "reqwest",
@@ -1337,19 +1312,19 @@ dependencies = [
 "tar",
 "thiserror 1.0.69",
 "tokio",
- "tokio-postgres",
+ "tokio-postgres 0.7.9",
 "tokio-stream",
 "tokio-util",
 "tower 0.5.2",
 "tower-http",
 "tracing",
+ "tracing-opentelemetry",
 "tracing-subscriber",
 "tracing-utils",
 "url",
 "utils",
 "uuid",
 "vm_monitor",
- "walkdir",
 "workspace_hack",
 "zstd",
 ]
@@ -1428,7 +1403,6 @@ dependencies = [
 "comfy-table",
 "compute_api",
 "futures",
- "http-utils",
 "humantime",
 "humantime-serde",
 "hyper 0.14.30",
@@ -1447,7 +1421,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "storage_broker",
 "thiserror 1.0.69",
 "tokio",
- "tokio-postgres",
+ "tokio-postgres 0.7.9",
 "tokio-util",
 "toml",
 "toml_edit",
@@ -1587,7 +1561,7 @@ version = "0.27.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "f476fe445d41c9e991fd07515a6f463074b782242ccf4a5b7b1d1012e70824df"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.8.0",
+ "bitflags 2.4.1",
 "crossterm_winapi",
 "libc",
 "parking_lot 0.12.1",
@@ -1818,7 +1792,7 @@ version = "2.2.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "ccf1bedf64cdb9643204a36dd15b19a6ce8e7aa7f7b105868e9f1fad5ffa7d12"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.8.0",
+ "bitflags 2.4.1",
 "byteorder",
 "chrono",
 "diesel_derives",
@@ -1838,7 +1812,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "futures-util",
 "scoped-futures",
 "tokio",
- "tokio-postgres",
+ "tokio-postgres 0.7.12",
 ]

 [[package]]
@@ -2454,16 +2428,6 @@ dependencies = [
 "wasm-bindgen",
 ]

-[[package]]
-name = "gettid"
-version = "0.1.3"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "397256552fed4a9e577850498071831ec8f18ea83368aecc114cab469dcb43e5"
-dependencies = [
- "libc",
- "winapi",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "gimli"
 version = "0.31.1"
@@ -2592,12 +2556,6 @@ dependencies = [
 "allocator-api2",
 ]

-[[package]]
-name = "hashbrown"
-version = "0.15.2"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "bf151400ff0baff5465007dd2f3e717f3fe502074ca563069ce3a6629d07b289"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "hashlink"
 version = "0.9.1"
@@ -2648,15 +2606,6 @@ version = "0.4.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "6fe2267d4ed49bc07b63801559be28c718ea06c4738b7a03c94df7386d2cde46"

-[[package]]
-name = "higher-kinded-types"
-version = "0.1.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "561985554c8b8d4808605c90a5f1979cc6c31a5d20b78465cd59501233c6678e"
-dependencies = [
- "never-say-never",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "hmac"
 version = "0.12.1"
@@ -2753,38 +2702,6 @@ dependencies = [
 "url",
 ]

-[[package]]
-name = "http-utils"
-version = "0.1.0"
-dependencies = [
- "anyhow",
- "backtrace",
- "bytes",
- "fail",
- "flate2",
- "hyper 0.14.30",
- "inferno 0.12.0",
- "itertools 0.10.5",
- "jemalloc_pprof",
- "metrics",
- "once_cell",
- "pprof",
- "regex",
- "routerify",
- "serde",
- "serde_json",
- "serde_path_to_error",
- "thiserror 1.0.69",
- "tokio",
- "tokio-stream",
- "tokio-util",
- "tracing",
- "url",
- "utils",
- "uuid",
- "workspace_hack",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "httparse"
 version = "1.8.0"
@@ -3167,11 +3084,11 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "inotify"
-version = "0.11.0"
+version = "0.9.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "f37dccff2791ab604f9babef0ba14fbe0be30bd368dc541e2b08d07c8aa908f3"
+checksum = "f8069d3ec154eb856955c1c0fbffefbf5f3c40a104ec912d4797314c1801abff"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.8.0",
+ "bitflags 1.3.2",
 "inotify-sys",
 "libc",
 ]
@@ -3348,9 +3265,9 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "kqueue"
-version = "1.0.8"
+version = "1.0.7"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "7447f1ca1b7b563588a205fe93dea8df60fd981423a768bc1c0ded35ed147d0c"
+checksum = "2c8fc60ba15bf51257aa9807a48a61013db043fcf3a78cb0d916e8e396dcad98"
 dependencies = [
 "kqueue-sys",
 "libc",
@@ -3358,9 +3275,9 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "kqueue-sys"
-version = "1.0.4"
+version = "1.0.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ed9625ffda8729b85e45cf04090035ac368927b8cebc34898e7c120f52e4838b"
+checksum = "8367585489f01bc55dd27404dcf56b95e6da061a256a666ab23be9ba96a2e587"
 dependencies = [
 "bitflags 1.3.2",
 "libc",
@@ -3387,9 +3304,9 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "libc"
-version = "0.2.169"
+version = "0.2.167"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "b5aba8db14291edd000dfcc4d620c7ebfb122c613afb886ca8803fa4e128a20a"
+checksum = "09d6582e104315a817dff97f75133544b2e094ee22447d2acf4a74e189ba06fc"

 [[package]]
 name = "libloading"
@@ -3636,14 +3553,14 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "mio"
-version = "1.0.3"
+version = "0.8.11"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "2886843bf800fba2e3377cff24abf6379b4c4d5c6681eaf9ea5b0d15090450bd"
+checksum = "a4a650543ca06a924e8b371db273b2756685faae30f8487da1b56505a8f78b0c"
 dependencies = [
 "libc",
 "log",
 "wasi 0.11.0+wasi-snapshot-preview1",
- "windows-sys 0.52.0",
+ "windows-sys 0.48.0",
 ]

 [[package]]
@@ -3652,12 +3569,6 @@ version = "0.8.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "e5ce46fe64a9d73be07dcbe690a38ce1b293be448fd8ce1e6c1b8062c9f72c6a"

-[[package]]
-name = "never-say-never"
-version = "6.6.666"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "cf5a574dadd7941adeaa71823ecba5e28331b8313fb2e1c6a5c7e5981ea53ad6"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "nix"
 version = "0.25.1"
@@ -3689,7 +3600,7 @@ version = "0.27.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "2eb04e9c688eff1c89d72b407f168cf79bb9e867a9d3323ed6c01519eb9cc053"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.8.0",
+ "bitflags 2.4.1",
 "cfg-if",
 "libc",
 "memoffset 0.9.0",
@@ -3707,11 +3618,12 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "notify"
-version = "8.0.0"
+version = "6.1.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "2fee8403b3d66ac7b26aee6e40a897d85dc5ce26f44da36b8b73e987cc52e943"
+checksum = "6205bd8bb1e454ad2e27422015fb5e4f2bcc7e08fa8f27058670d208324a4d2d"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.8.0",
+ "bitflags 2.4.1",
+ "crossbeam-channel",
 "filetime",
 "fsevent-sys",
 "inotify",
@@ -3719,17 +3631,10 @@ dependencies = [
 "libc",
 "log",
 "mio",
- "notify-types",
 "walkdir",
- "windows-sys 0.59.0",
+ "windows-sys 0.48.0",
 ]

-[[package]]
-name = "notify-types"
-version = "2.0.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "5e0826a989adedc2a244799e823aece04662b66609d96af8dff7ac6df9a8925d"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "ntapi"
 version = "0.4.1"
@@ -4139,7 +4044,6 @@ dependencies = [
 "futures",
 "hex",
 "hex-literal",
- "http-utils",
 "humantime",
 "humantime-serde",
 "hyper 0.14.30",
@@ -4156,8 +4060,8 @@ dependencies = [
 "pageserver_compaction",
 "pin-project-lite",
 "postgres",
- "postgres-protocol",
- "postgres-types",
+ "postgres-protocol 0.6.6",
+ "postgres-types 0.2.6",
 "postgres_backend",
 "postgres_connection",
 "postgres_ffi",
@@ -4188,7 +4092,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "tokio",
 "tokio-epoll-uring",
 "tokio-io-timeout",
- "tokio-postgres",
+ "tokio-postgres 0.7.9",
 "tokio-stream",
 "tokio-tar",
 "tokio-util",
@@ -4240,14 +4144,13 @@ dependencies = [
 "anyhow",
 "bytes",
 "futures",
- "http-utils",
 "pageserver_api",
 "postgres",
 "reqwest",
 "serde",
 "thiserror 1.0.69",
 "tokio",
- "tokio-postgres",
+ "tokio-postgres 0.7.9",
 "tokio-stream",
 "tokio-util",
 "utils",
@@ -4277,16 +4180,6 @@ dependencies = [
 "workspace_hack",
 ]

-[[package]]
-name = "papaya"
-version = "0.1.8"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "dc7c76487f7eaa00a0fc1d7f88dc6b295aec478d11b0fc79f857b62c2874124c"
-dependencies = [
- "equivalent",
- "seize",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "parking"
 version = "2.1.1"
@@ -4553,40 +4446,48 @@ dependencies = [
 "plotters-backend",
 ]

-[[package]]
-name = "polonius-the-crab"
-version = "0.4.2"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e97ca2c89572ae41bbec1c99498251f87dd5a94e500c5ec19c382dd593dd5ce9"
-dependencies = [
- "higher-kinded-types",
- "never-say-never",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "postgres"
-version = "0.19.7"
-source = "git+https://github.com/neondatabase/rust-postgres.git?branch=neon#1f21e7959a96a34dcfbfce1b14b73286cdadffe9"
+version = "0.19.6"
+source = "git+https://github.com/neondatabase/rust-postgres.git?branch=neon#8b44892f7851e705810b2cb54504325699966070"
 dependencies = [
 "bytes",
 "fallible-iterator",
 "futures-util",
 "log",
 "tokio",
- "tokio-postgres",
+ "tokio-postgres 0.7.9",
 ]

 [[package]]
 name = "postgres-protocol"
 version = "0.6.6"
-source = "git+https://github.com/neondatabase/rust-postgres.git?branch=neon#1f21e7959a96a34dcfbfce1b14b73286cdadffe9"
+source = "git+https://github.com/neondatabase/rust-postgres.git?branch=neon#8b44892f7851e705810b2cb54504325699966070"
+dependencies = [
+ "base64 0.21.1",
+ "byteorder",
+ "bytes",
+ "fallible-iterator",
+ "hmac",
+ "lazy_static",
+ "md-5",
+ "memchr",
+ "rand 0.8.5",
+ "sha2",
+ "stringprep",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "postgres-protocol"
+version = "0.6.7"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "acda0ebdebc28befa84bee35e651e4c5f09073d668c7aed4cf7e23c3cda84b23"
 dependencies = [
 "base64 0.22.1",
 "byteorder",
 "bytes",
 "fallible-iterator",
 "hmac",
- "lazy_static",
 "md-5",
 "memchr",
 "rand 0.8.5",
@@ -4613,12 +4514,23 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "postgres-types"
 version = "0.2.6"
-source = "git+https://github.com/neondatabase/rust-postgres.git?branch=neon#1f21e7959a96a34dcfbfce1b14b73286cdadffe9"
+source = "git+https://github.com/neondatabase/rust-postgres.git?branch=neon#8b44892f7851e705810b2cb54504325699966070"
 dependencies = [
 "bytes",
 "chrono",
 "fallible-iterator",
- "postgres-protocol",
+ "postgres-protocol 0.6.6",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "postgres-types"
+version = "0.2.8"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "f66ea23a2d0e5734297357705193335e0a957696f34bed2f2faefacb2fec336f"
+dependencies = [
+ "bytes",
+ "fallible-iterator",
+ "postgres-protocol 0.6.7",
 ]

 [[package]]
@@ -4643,7 +4555,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "serde",
 "thiserror 1.0.69",
 "tokio",
- "tokio-postgres",
+ "tokio-postgres 0.7.9",
 "tokio-postgres-rustls",
 "tokio-rustls 0.26.0",
 "tokio-util",
@@ -4658,7 +4570,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "itertools 0.10.5",
 "once_cell",
 "postgres",
- "tokio-postgres",
+ "tokio-postgres 0.7.9",
 "url",
 ]

@@ -4752,7 +4664,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "byteorder",
 "bytes",
 "itertools 0.10.5",
- "postgres-protocol",
+ "postgres-protocol 0.6.6",
 "rand 0.8.5",
 "serde",
 "thiserror 1.0.69",
@@ -4793,7 +4705,7 @@ version = "0.16.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "731e0d9356b0c25f16f33b5be79b1c57b562f141ebfcdb0ad8ac2c13a24293b4"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.8.0",
+ "bitflags 2.4.1",
 "chrono",
 "flate2",
 "hex",
@@ -4808,7 +4720,7 @@ version = "0.16.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "2d3554923a69f4ce04c4a754260c338f505ce22642d3830e049a399fc2059a29"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.8.0",
+ "bitflags 2.4.1",
 "chrono",
 "hex",
 ]
@@ -4914,7 +4826,6 @@ dependencies = [
 "ahash",
 "anyhow",
 "arc-swap",
- "assert-json-diff",
 "async-compression",
 "async-trait",
 "atomic-take",
@@ -4928,9 +4839,9 @@ dependencies = [
 "camino-tempfile",
 "chrono",
 "clap",
- "clashmap",
 "compute_api",
 "consumption_metrics",
+ "dashmap 5.5.0",
 "ecdsa 0.16.9",
 "ed25519-dalek",
 "env_logger 0.10.2",
@@ -4938,7 +4849,6 @@ dependencies = [
 "flate2",
 "framed-websockets",
 "futures",
- "gettid",
 "hashbrown 0.14.5",
 "hashlink",
 "hex",
@@ -4946,7 +4856,6 @@ dependencies = [
 "hostname",
 "http 1.1.0",
 "http-body-util",
- "http-utils",
 "humantime",
 "humantime-serde",
 "hyper 0.14.30",
@@ -4962,9 +4871,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "measured",
 "metrics",
 "once_cell",
- "opentelemetry",
 "p256 0.13.2",
- "papaya",
 "parking_lot 0.12.1",
 "parquet",
 "parquet_derive",
@@ -4973,6 +4880,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "postgres-protocol2",
 "postgres_backend",
 "pq_proto",
+ "prometheus",
 "rand 0.8.5",
 "rand_distr",
 "rcgen",
@@ -4997,20 +4905,19 @@ dependencies = [
 "smallvec",
 "smol_str",
 "socket2",
+ "strum",
 "strum_macros",
 "subtle",
 "thiserror 1.0.69",
 "tikv-jemalloc-ctl",
 "tikv-jemallocator",
 "tokio",
- "tokio-postgres",
+ "tokio-postgres 0.7.9",
 "tokio-postgres2",
 "tokio-rustls 0.26.0",
 "tokio-tungstenite 0.21.0",
 "tokio-util",
 "tracing",
- "tracing-log",
- "tracing-opentelemetry",
 "tracing-subscriber",
 "tracing-utils",
 "try-lock",
@@ -5342,12 +5249,6 @@ dependencies = [
 "utils",
 ]

-[[package]]
-name = "replace_with"
-version = "0.1.7"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e3a8614ee435691de62bcffcf4a66d91b3594bf1428a5722e79103249a095690"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "reqwest"
 version = "0.12.4"
@@ -5627,7 +5528,7 @@ version = "0.38.41"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "d7f649912bc1495e167a6edee79151c84b1bad49748cb4f1f1167f459f6224f6"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.8.0",
+ "bitflags 2.4.1",
 "errno",
 "libc",
 "linux-raw-sys 0.4.14",
@@ -5791,7 +5692,6 @@ dependencies = [
 "futures",
 "hex",
 "http 1.1.0",
- "http-utils",
 "humantime",
 "hyper 0.14.30",
 "itertools 0.10.5",
@@ -5800,7 +5700,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "pageserver_api",
 "parking_lot 0.12.1",
 "postgres",
- "postgres-protocol",
+ "postgres-protocol 0.6.6",
 "postgres_backend",
 "postgres_ffi",
 "pprof",
@@ -5824,7 +5724,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "tikv-jemallocator",
 "tokio",
 "tokio-io-timeout",
- "tokio-postgres",
+ "tokio-postgres 0.7.9",
 "tokio-stream",
 "tokio-tar",
 "tokio-util",
@@ -5856,7 +5756,6 @@ dependencies = [
 name = "safekeeper_client"
 version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
- "http-utils",
 "reqwest",
 "safekeeper_api",
 "serde",
@@ -5966,16 +5865,6 @@ dependencies = [
 "libc",
 ]

-[[package]]
-name = "seize"
-version = "0.4.9"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d84b0c858bdd30cb56f5597f8b3bf702ec23829e652cc636a1e5a7b9de46ae93"
-dependencies = [
- "libc",
- "windows-sys 0.52.0",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "semver"
 version = "1.0.17"
@@ -6439,7 +6328,6 @@ dependencies = [
 "fail",
 "futures",
 "hex",
- "http-utils",
 "humantime",
 "hyper 0.14.30",
 "itertools 0.10.5",
@@ -6451,13 +6339,8 @@ dependencies = [
 "pageserver_client",
 "postgres_connection",
 "rand 0.8.5",
- "regex",
 "reqwest",
 "routerify",
- "rustls 0.23.18",
- "rustls-native-certs 0.8.0",
- "safekeeper_api",
- "safekeeper_client",
 "scoped-futures",
 "scopeguard",
 "serde",
@@ -6465,10 +6348,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "strum",
 "strum_macros",
 "thiserror 1.0.69",
- "tikv-jemallocator",
 "tokio",
- "tokio-postgres",
- "tokio-postgres-rustls",
 "tokio-util",
 "tracing",
 "utils",
@@ -6514,7 +6394,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "serde_json",
 "storage_controller_client",
 "tokio",
- "tokio-postgres",
+ "tokio-postgres 0.7.9",
 "tokio-postgres-rustls",
 "tokio-stream",
 "tokio-util",
@@ -6711,7 +6591,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "fastrand 2.2.0",
 "once_cell",
 "rustix",
- "windows-sys 0.59.0",
+ "windows-sys 0.52.0",
 ]

 [[package]]
@@ -6923,20 +6803,21 @@ checksum = "1f3ccbac311fea05f86f61904b462b55fb3df8837a366dfc601a0161d0532f20"

 [[package]]
 name = "tokio"
-version = "1.43.0"
+version = "1.38.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "3d61fa4ffa3de412bfea335c6ecff681de2b609ba3c77ef3e00e521813a9ed9e"
+checksum = "eb2caba9f80616f438e09748d5acda951967e1ea58508ef53d9c6402485a46df"
 dependencies = [
 "backtrace",
 "bytes",
 "libc",
 "mio",
+ "num_cpus",
 "parking_lot 0.12.1",
 "pin-project-lite",
 "signal-hook-registry",
 "socket2",
 "tokio-macros",
- "windows-sys 0.52.0",
+ "windows-sys 0.48.0",
 ]

 [[package]]
@@ -6967,9 +6848,9 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "tokio-macros"
-version = "2.5.0"
+version = "2.3.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "6e06d43f1345a3bcd39f6a56dbb7dcab2ba47e68e8ac134855e7e2bdbaf8cab8"
+checksum = "5f5ae998a069d4b5aba8ee9dad856af7d520c3699e6159b185c2acd48155d39a"
 dependencies = [
 "proc-macro2",
 "quote",
@@ -6978,8 +6859,8 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "tokio-postgres"
-version = "0.7.10"
-source = "git+https://github.com/neondatabase/rust-postgres.git?branch=neon#1f21e7959a96a34dcfbfce1b14b73286cdadffe9"
+version = "0.7.9"
+source = "git+https://github.com/neondatabase/rust-postgres.git?branch=neon#8b44892f7851e705810b2cb54504325699966070"
 dependencies = [
 "async-trait",
 "byteorder",
@@ -6992,8 +6873,34 @@ dependencies = [
 "percent-encoding",
 "phf",
 "pin-project-lite",
- "postgres-protocol",
- "postgres-types",
+ "postgres-protocol 0.6.6",
+ "postgres-types 0.2.6",
+ "rand 0.8.5",
+ "socket2",
+ "tokio",
+ "tokio-util",
+ "whoami",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "tokio-postgres"
+version = "0.7.12"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "3b5d3742945bc7d7f210693b0c58ae542c6fd47b17adbbda0885f3dcb34a6bdb"
+dependencies = [
+ "async-trait",
+ "byteorder",
+ "bytes",
+ "fallible-iterator",
+ "futures-channel",
+ "futures-util",
+ "log",
+ "parking_lot 0.12.1",
+ "percent-encoding",
+ "phf",
+ "pin-project-lite",
+ "postgres-protocol 0.6.7",
+ "postgres-types 0.2.8",
 "rand 0.8.5",
 "socket2",
 "tokio",
@@ -7010,7 +6917,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "ring",
 "rustls 0.23.18",
 "tokio",
- "tokio-postgres",
+ "tokio-postgres 0.7.9",
 "tokio-rustls 0.26.0",
 "x509-certificate",
 ]
@@ -7019,11 +6926,14 @@ dependencies = [
 name = "tokio-postgres2"
 version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
+ "async-trait",
+ "byteorder",
 "bytes",
 "fallible-iterator",
 "futures-util",
 "log",
 "parking_lot 0.12.1",
+ "percent-encoding",
 "phf",
 "pin-project-lite",
 "postgres-protocol2",
@@ -7251,7 +7161,7 @@ version = "0.6.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "403fa3b783d4b626a8ad51d766ab03cb6d2dbfc46b1c5d4448395e6628dc9697"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.8.0",
+ "bitflags 2.4.1",
 "bytes",
 "http 1.1.0",
 "http-body 1.0.0",
@@ -7605,11 +7515,16 @@ dependencies = [
 "criterion",
 "diatomic-waker",
 "fail",
+ "flate2",
 "futures",
 "git-version",
 "hex",
 "hex-literal",
 "humantime",
+ "hyper 0.14.30",
+ "inferno 0.12.0",
+ "itertools 0.10.5",
+ "jemalloc_pprof",
 "jsonwebtoken",
 "metrics",
 "nix 0.27.1",
@@ -7620,23 +7535,28 @@ dependencies = [
 "pq_proto",
 "rand 0.8.5",
 "regex",
+ "routerify",
 "scopeguard",
 "sentry",
 "serde",
 "serde_assert",
 "serde_json",
+ "serde_path_to_error",
 "serde_with",
 "signal-hook",
 "strum",
 "strum_macros",
 "thiserror 1.0.69",
 "tokio",
+ "tokio-stream",
 "tokio-tar",
 "tokio-util",
 "toml_edit",
 "tracing",
 "tracing-error",
 "tracing-subscriber",
+ "url",
+ "uuid",
 "walkdir",
 ]

@@ -7675,7 +7595,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "serde_json",
 "sysinfo",
 "tokio",
- "tokio-postgres",
+ "tokio-postgres 0.7.9",
 "tokio-util",
 "tracing",
 "tracing-subscriber",
@@ -7738,9 +7658,9 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "walkdir"
-version = "2.5.0"
+version = "2.3.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "29790946404f91d9c5d06f9874efddea1dc06c5efe94541a7d6863108e3a5e4b"
+checksum = "36df944cda56c7d8d8b7496af378e6b16de9284591917d307c9b4d313c44e698"
 dependencies = [
 "same-file",
 "winapi-util",
@@ -7992,15 +7912,6 @@ dependencies = [
 "windows-targets 0.52.6",
 ]

-[[package]]
-name = "windows-sys"
-version = "0.59.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "1e38bc4d79ed67fd075bcc251a1c39b32a1776bbe92e5bef1f0bf1f8c531853b"
-dependencies = [
- "windows-targets 0.52.6",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "windows-targets"
 version = "0.48.0"
@@ -8229,9 +8140,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "tower 0.4.13",
 "tracing",
 "tracing-core",
- "tracing-log",
 "url",
- "uuid",
 "zerocopy",
 "zeroize",
 "zstd",
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ members = [
    "storage_scrubber",
    "workspace_hack",
    "libs/compute_api",
-    "libs/http-utils",
    "libs/pageserver_api",
    "libs/postgres_ffi",
    "libs/safekeeper_api",
@@ -55,7 +54,6 @@ async-compression = { version = "0.4.0", features = ["tokio", "gzip", "zstd"] }
 atomic-take = "1.1.0"
 backtrace = "0.3.74"
 flate2 = "1.0.26"
-assert-json-diff = "2"
 async-stream = "0.3"
 async-trait = "0.1"
 aws-config = { version = "1.5", default-features = false, features=["rustls", "sso"] }
@@ -79,10 +77,10 @@ camino = "1.1.6"
 cfg-if = "1.0.0"
 chrono = { version = "0.4", default-features = false, features = ["clock"] }
 clap = { version = "4.0", features = ["derive", "env"] }
-clashmap = { version = "1.0", features = ["raw-api"] }
 comfy-table = "7.1"
 const_format = "0.2"
 crc32c = "0.6"
+dashmap = { version = "5.5.0", features = ["raw-api"] }
 diatomic-waker = { version = "0.2.3" }
 either = "1.8"
 enum-map = "2.4.2"
@@ -125,7 +123,7 @@ measured = { version = "0.0.22", features=["lasso"] }
 measured-process = { version = "0.0.22" }
 memoffset = "0.9"
 nix = { version = "0.27", features = ["dir", "fs", "process", "socket", "signal", "poll"] }
-notify = "8.0.0"
+notify = "6.0.0"
 num_cpus = "1.15"
 num-traits = "0.2.15"
 once_cell = "1.13"
@@ -179,7 +177,7 @@ test-context = "0.3"
 thiserror = "1.0"
 tikv-jemallocator = { version = "0.6", features = ["profiling", "stats", "unprefixed_malloc_on_supported_platforms"] }
 tikv-jemalloc-ctl = { version = "0.6", features = ["stats"] }
-tokio = { version = "1.41", features = ["macros"] }
+tokio = { version = "1.17", features = ["macros"] }
 tokio-epoll-uring = { git = "https://github.com/neondatabase/tokio-epoll-uring.git" , branch = "main" }
 tokio-io-timeout = "1.2.0"
 tokio-postgres-rustls = "0.12.0"
@@ -195,9 +193,7 @@ tower-http = { version = "0.6.2", features = ["request-id", "trace"] }
 tower-service = "0.3.3"
 tracing = "0.1"
 tracing-error = "0.2"
-tracing-log = "0.2"
 tracing-opentelemetry = "0.28"
-tracing-serde = "0.2.0"
 tracing-subscriber = { version = "0.3", default-features = false, features = ["smallvec", "fmt", "tracing-log", "std", "env-filter", "json"] }
 try-lock = "0.2.5"
 twox-hash = { version = "1.6.3", default-features = false }
@@ -230,7 +226,6 @@ azure_storage_blobs = { git = "https://github.com/neondatabase/azure-sdk-for-rus
 ## Local libraries
 compute_api = { version = "0.1", path = "./libs/compute_api/" }
 consumption_metrics = { version = "0.1", path = "./libs/consumption_metrics/" }
-http-utils = { version = "0.1", path = "./libs/http-utils/" }
 metrics = { version = "0.1", path = "./libs/metrics/" }
 pageserver = { path = "./pageserver" }
 pageserver_api = { version = "0.1", path = "./libs/pageserver_api/" }
--- a/41
+++ b/41
@@ -10,28 +10,6 @@ ARG STABLE_PG_VERSION=16
 ARG DEBIAN_VERSION=bookworm
 ARG DEBIAN_FLAVOR=${DEBIAN_VERSION}-slim

-# Here are the INDEX DIGESTS for the images we use.
-# You can get them following next steps for now:
-# 1. Get an authentication token from DockerHub:
-#    TOKEN=$(curl -s "https://auth.docker.io/token?service=registry.docker.io&scope=repository:library/debian:pull" | jq -r .token)
-# 2. Using that token, query index for the given tag:
-#    curl -s -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" \
-#       -H "Accept: application/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.list.v2+json" \
-#       "https://registry.hub.docker.com/v2/library/debian/manifests/bullseye-slim" \
-#       -I | grep -i docker-content-digest
-# 3. As a next step, TODO(fedordikarev): create script and schedule workflow to run these checks
-#    and updates on regular bases and in automated way.
-ARG BOOKWORM_SLIM_SHA=sha256:40b107342c492725bc7aacbe93a49945445191ae364184a6d24fedb28172f6f7
-ARG BULLSEYE_SLIM_SHA=sha256:e831d9a884d63734fe3dd9c491ed9a5a3d4c6a6d32c5b14f2067357c49b0b7e1
-
-# Here we use ${var/search/replace} syntax, to check
-# if base image is one of the images, we pin image index for.
-# If var will match one the known images, we will replace it with the known sha.
-# If no match, than value will be unaffected, and will process with no-pinned image.
-ARG BASE_IMAGE_SHA=debian:${DEBIAN_FLAVOR}
-ARG BASE_IMAGE_SHA=${BASE_IMAGE_SHA/debian:bookworm-slim/debian@$BOOKWORM_SLIM_SHA}
-ARG BASE_IMAGE_SHA=${BASE_IMAGE_SHA/debian:bullseye-slim/debian@$BULLSEYE_SLIM_SHA}
-
 # Build Postgres
 FROM $REPOSITORY/$IMAGE:$TAG AS pg-build
 WORKDIR /home/nonroot
@@ -50,14 +28,6 @@ RUN set -e \
    && rm -rf pg_install/build \
    && tar -C pg_install -czf /home/nonroot/postgres_install.tar.gz .

-# Prepare cargo-chef recipe
-FROM $REPOSITORY/$IMAGE:$TAG AS plan
-WORKDIR /home/nonroot
-
-COPY --chown=nonroot . .
-
-RUN cargo chef prepare --recipe-path recipe.json
-
 # Build neon binaries
 FROM $REPOSITORY/$IMAGE:$TAG AS build
 WORKDIR /home/nonroot
@@ -71,15 +41,9 @@ COPY --from=pg-build /home/nonroot/pg_install/v16/include/postgresql/server pg_i
 COPY --from=pg-build /home/nonroot/pg_install/v17/include/postgresql/server pg_install/v17/include/postgresql/server
 COPY --from=pg-build /home/nonroot/pg_install/v16/lib                       pg_install/v16/lib
 COPY --from=pg-build /home/nonroot/pg_install/v17/lib                       pg_install/v17/lib
-COPY --from=plan     /home/nonroot/recipe.json                              recipe.json
-
-ARG ADDITIONAL_RUSTFLAGS=""
-
-RUN set -e \
-    && RUSTFLAGS="-Clinker=clang -Clink-arg=-fuse-ld=mold -Clink-arg=-Wl,--no-rosegment -Cforce-frame-pointers=yes ${ADDITIONAL_RUSTFLAGS}" cargo chef cook --locked --release --recipe-path recipe.json
-
 COPY --chown=nonroot . .

+ARG ADDITIONAL_RUSTFLAGS
 RUN set -e \
    && RUSTFLAGS="-Clinker=clang -Clink-arg=-fuse-ld=mold -Clink-arg=-Wl,--no-rosegment -Cforce-frame-pointers=yes ${ADDITIONAL_RUSTFLAGS}" cargo build \
      --bin pg_sni_router  \
@@ -95,7 +59,7 @@ RUN set -e \

 # Build final image
 #
-FROM $BASE_IMAGE_SHA
+FROM debian:${DEBIAN_FLAVOR}
 ARG DEFAULT_PG_VERSION
 WORKDIR /data

@@ -148,3 +112,4 @@ EXPOSE 6400
 EXPOSE 9898

 CMD ["/usr/local/bin/pageserver", "-D", "/data/.neon"]
+
--- a/17
+++ b/17
@@ -10,29 +10,18 @@ ICU_PREFIX_DIR := /usr/local/icu
 # environment variable.
 #
 BUILD_TYPE ?= debug
-WITH_SANITIZERS ?= no
 ifeq ($(BUILD_TYPE),release)
 	PG_CONFIGURE_OPTS = --enable-debug --with-openssl
 	PG_CFLAGS = -O2 -g3 $(CFLAGS)
-	PG_LDFLAGS = $(LDFLAGS)
 	# Unfortunately, `--profile=...` is a nightly feature
 	CARGO_BUILD_FLAGS += --release
 else ifeq ($(BUILD_TYPE),debug)
 	PG_CONFIGURE_OPTS = --enable-debug --with-openssl --enable-cassert --enable-depend
 	PG_CFLAGS = -O0 -g3 $(CFLAGS)
-	PG_LDFLAGS = $(LDFLAGS)
 else
 	$(error Bad build type '$(BUILD_TYPE)', see Makefile for options)
 endif

-ifeq ($(WITH_SANITIZERS),yes)
-	PG_CFLAGS += -fsanitize=address -fsanitize=undefined -fno-sanitize-recover
-	COPT += -Wno-error # to avoid failing on warnings induced by sanitizers
-	PG_LDFLAGS = -fsanitize=address -fsanitize=undefined -static-libasan -static-libubsan $(LDFLAGS)
-	export CC := gcc
-	export ASAN_OPTIONS := detect_leaks=0
-endif
-
 ifeq ($(shell test -e /home/nonroot/.docker_build && echo -n yes),yes)
 	# Exclude static build openssl, icu for local build (MacOS, Linux)
 	# Only keep for build type release and debug
@@ -44,9 +33,7 @@ endif
 UNAME_S := $(shell uname -s)
 ifeq ($(UNAME_S),Linux)
 	# Seccomp BPF is only available for Linux
-	ifneq ($(WITH_SANITIZERS),yes)
-		PG_CONFIGURE_OPTS += --with-libseccomp
-	endif
+	PG_CONFIGURE_OPTS += --with-libseccomp
 else ifeq ($(UNAME_S),Darwin)
 	PG_CFLAGS += -DUSE_PREFETCH
 	ifndef DISABLE_HOMEBREW
@@ -119,7 +106,7 @@ $(POSTGRES_INSTALL_DIR)/build/%/config.status:
 	EXTRA_VERSION=$$(cd $(ROOT_PROJECT_DIR)/vendor/postgres-$$VERSION && git rev-parse HEAD); \
 	(cd $(POSTGRES_INSTALL_DIR)/build/$$VERSION && \
 	env PATH="$(EXTRA_PATH_OVERRIDES):$$PATH" $(ROOT_PROJECT_DIR)/vendor/postgres-$$VERSION/configure \
-		CFLAGS='$(PG_CFLAGS)' LDFLAGS='$(PG_LDFLAGS)' \
+		CFLAGS='$(PG_CFLAGS)' \
 		$(PG_CONFIGURE_OPTS) --with-extra-version=" ($$EXTRA_VERSION)" \
 		--prefix=$(abspath $(POSTGRES_INSTALL_DIR))/$$VERSION > configure.log)

--- a/build-tools.Dockerfile
+++ b/build-tools.Dockerfile
@@ -1,42 +1,12 @@
 ARG DEBIAN_VERSION=bookworm
-ARG DEBIAN_FLAVOR=${DEBIAN_VERSION}-slim

-# Here are the INDEX DIGESTS for the images we use.
-# You can get them following next steps for now:
-# 1. Get an authentication token from DockerHub:
-#    TOKEN=$(curl -s "https://auth.docker.io/token?service=registry.docker.io&scope=repository:library/debian:pull" | jq -r .token)
-# 2. Using that token, query index for the given tag:
-#    curl -s -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" \
-#       -H "Accept: application/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.list.v2+json" \
-#       "https://registry.hub.docker.com/v2/library/debian/manifests/bullseye-slim" \
-#       -I | grep -i docker-content-digest
-# 3. As a next step, TODO(fedordikarev): create script and schedule workflow to run these checks
-#    and updates on regular bases and in automated way.
-ARG BOOKWORM_SLIM_SHA=sha256:40b107342c492725bc7aacbe93a49945445191ae364184a6d24fedb28172f6f7
-ARG BULLSEYE_SLIM_SHA=sha256:e831d9a884d63734fe3dd9c491ed9a5a3d4c6a6d32c5b14f2067357c49b0b7e1
-
-# Here we use ${var/search/replace} syntax, to check
-# if base image is one of the images, we pin image index for.
-# If var will match one the known images, we will replace it with the known sha.
-# If no match, than value will be unaffected, and will process with no-pinned image.
-ARG BASE_IMAGE_SHA=debian:${DEBIAN_FLAVOR}
-ARG BASE_IMAGE_SHA=${BASE_IMAGE_SHA/debian:bookworm-slim/debian@$BOOKWORM_SLIM_SHA}
-ARG BASE_IMAGE_SHA=${BASE_IMAGE_SHA/debian:bullseye-slim/debian@$BULLSEYE_SLIM_SHA}
-
-FROM $BASE_IMAGE_SHA AS pgcopydb_builder
+FROM debian:bookworm-slim AS pgcopydb_builder
 ARG DEBIAN_VERSION

-# Use strict mode for bash to catch errors early
-SHELL ["/bin/bash", "-euo", "pipefail", "-c"]
-
-# By default, /bin/sh used in debian images will treat '\n' as eol,
-# but as we use bash as SHELL, and built-in echo in bash requires '-e' flag for that.
 RUN echo 'Acquire::Retries "5";' > /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/80-retries && \
-    echo -e "retry_connrefused=on\ntimeout=15\ntries=5\nretry-on-host-error=on\n" > /root/.wgetrc && \
+    echo -e "retry_connrefused = on\ntimeout=15\ntries=5\n" > /root/.wgetrc \
    echo -e "--retry-connrefused\n--connect-timeout 15\n--retry 5\n--max-time 300\n" > /root/.curlrc

-COPY build_tools/patches/pgcopydbv017.patch /pgcopydbv017.patch
-
 RUN if [ "${DEBIAN_VERSION}" = "bookworm" ]; then \
        set -e && \
        apt update && \
@@ -69,7 +39,6 @@ RUN if [ "${DEBIAN_VERSION}" = "bookworm" ]; then \
        mkdir /tmp/pgcopydb && \
        tar -xzf /tmp/pgcopydb.tar.gz -C /tmp/pgcopydb --strip-components=1 && \
        cd /tmp/pgcopydb && \
-        patch -p1 < /pgcopydbv017.patch && \
        make -s clean && \
        make -s -j12 install && \
        libpq_path=$(find /lib /usr/lib -name "libpq.so.5" | head -n 1) && \
@@ -81,13 +50,12 @@ RUN if [ "${DEBIAN_VERSION}" = "bookworm" ]; then \
        mkdir -p mkdir -p /pgcopydb/lib && touch /pgcopydb/lib/libpq.so.5; \
    fi

-FROM $BASE_IMAGE_SHA AS build_tools
+FROM debian:${DEBIAN_VERSION}-slim AS build_tools
 ARG DEBIAN_VERSION

 # Add nonroot user
 RUN useradd -ms /bin/bash nonroot -b /home
-# Use strict mode for bash to catch errors early
-SHELL ["/bin/bash", "-euo", "pipefail", "-c"]
+SHELL ["/bin/bash", "-c"]

 RUN mkdir -p /pgcopydb/bin && \
    mkdir -p /pgcopydb/lib && \
@@ -98,7 +66,7 @@ COPY --from=pgcopydb_builder /usr/lib/postgresql/16/bin/pgcopydb /pgcopydb/bin/p
 COPY --from=pgcopydb_builder /pgcopydb/lib/libpq.so.5 /pgcopydb/lib/libpq.so.5

 RUN echo 'Acquire::Retries "5";' > /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/80-retries && \
-    echo -e "retry_connrefused=on\ntimeout=15\ntries=5\nretry-on-host-error=on\n" > /root/.wgetrc && \
+    echo -e "retry_connrefused = on\ntimeout=15\ntries=5\n" > /root/.wgetrc \
    echo -e "--retry-connrefused\n--connect-timeout 15\n--retry 5\n--max-time 300\n" > /root/.curlrc

 # System deps
@@ -161,8 +129,7 @@ RUN curl -fsSL \
    --output sql_exporter.tar.gz \
    && mkdir /tmp/sql_exporter \
    && tar xzvf sql_exporter.tar.gz -C /tmp/sql_exporter --strip-components=1 \
-    && mv /tmp/sql_exporter/sql_exporter /usr/local/bin/sql_exporter \
-    && rm sql_exporter.tar.gz
+    && mv /tmp/sql_exporter/sql_exporter /usr/local/bin/sql_exporter

 # protobuf-compiler (protoc)
 ENV PROTOC_VERSION=25.1
@@ -223,14 +190,8 @@ RUN set -e \
 # It includes several bug fixes on top on v2.0 release (https://github.com/linux-test-project/lcov/compare/v2.0...master)
 # And patches from us:
 # - Generates json file with code coverage summary (https://github.com/neondatabase/lcov/commit/426e7e7a22f669da54278e9b55e6d8caabd00af0.tar.gz)
-RUN set +o pipefail && \
-	 for package in Capture::Tiny DateTime Devel::Cover Digest::MD5 File::Spec JSON::XS Memory::Process Time::HiRes JSON; do \
-		yes | perl -MCPAN -e "CPAN::Shell->notest('install', '$package')";\
-	 done && \
-	set -o pipefail
-# Split into separate step to debug flaky failures here
-RUN wget https://github.com/neondatabase/lcov/archive/426e7e7a22f669da54278e9b55e6d8caabd00af0.tar.gz -O lcov.tar.gz \
-    && ls -laht lcov.tar.gz && sha256sum lcov.tar.gz \
+RUN for package in Capture::Tiny DateTime Devel::Cover Digest::MD5 File::Spec JSON::XS Memory::Process Time::HiRes JSON; do yes | perl -MCPAN -e "CPAN::Shell->notest('install', '$package')"; done \
+    && wget https://github.com/neondatabase/lcov/archive/426e7e7a22f669da54278e9b55e6d8caabd00af0.tar.gz -O lcov.tar.gz \
    && echo "61a22a62e20908b8b9e27d890bd0ea31f567a7b9668065589266371dcbca0992  lcov.tar.gz" | sha256sum --check \
    && mkdir -p lcov && tar -xzf lcov.tar.gz -C lcov --strip-components=1 \
    && cd lcov \
@@ -292,7 +253,7 @@ WORKDIR /home/nonroot

 # Rust
 # Please keep the version of llvm (installed above) in sync with rust llvm (`rustc --version --verbose | grep LLVM`)
-ENV RUSTC_VERSION=1.85.0
+ENV RUSTC_VERSION=1.84.0
 ENV RUSTUP_HOME="/home/nonroot/.rustup"
 ENV PATH="/home/nonroot/.cargo/bin:${PATH}"
 ARG RUSTFILT_VERSION=0.2.1
@@ -300,8 +261,6 @@ ARG CARGO_HAKARI_VERSION=0.9.33
 ARG CARGO_DENY_VERSION=0.16.2
 ARG CARGO_HACK_VERSION=0.6.33
 ARG CARGO_NEXTEST_VERSION=0.9.85
-ARG CARGO_CHEF_VERSION=0.1.71
-ARG CARGO_DIESEL_CLI_VERSION=2.2.6
 RUN curl -sSO https://static.rust-lang.org/rustup/dist/$(uname -m)-unknown-linux-gnu/rustup-init && whoami && \
 	chmod +x rustup-init && \
 	./rustup-init -y --default-toolchain ${RUSTC_VERSION} && \
@@ -315,9 +274,6 @@ RUN curl -sSO https://static.rust-lang.org/rustup/dist/$(uname -m)-unknown-linux
    cargo install cargo-deny --locked --version ${CARGO_DENY_VERSION} && \
    cargo install cargo-hack          --version ${CARGO_HACK_VERSION} && \
    cargo install cargo-nextest       --version ${CARGO_NEXTEST_VERSION} && \
-    cargo install cargo-chef --locked --version ${CARGO_CHEF_VERSION} && \
-    cargo install diesel_cli          --version ${CARGO_DIESEL_CLI_VERSION} \
-                                      --features postgres-bundled --no-default-features && \
    rm -rf /home/nonroot/.cargo/registry && \
    rm -rf /home/nonroot/.cargo/git

--- a/build_tools/patches/pgcopydbv017.patch
+++ b/build_tools/patches/pgcopydbv017.patch
@@ -1,57 +0,0 @@
-diff --git a/src/bin/pgcopydb/copydb.c b/src/bin/pgcopydb/copydb.c
-index d730b03..69a9be9 100644
--- a/src/bin/pgcopydb/copydb.c
-+++ b/src/bin/pgcopydb/copydb.c
-@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ GUC dstSettings[] = {
- 	{ "synchronous_commit", "'off'" },
- 	{ "statement_timeout", "0" },
- 	{ "lock_timeout", "0" },
-+	{ "idle_in_transaction_session_timeout", "0" },
- 	{ NULL, NULL },
- };
- 
-diff --git a/src/bin/pgcopydb/pgsql.c b/src/bin/pgcopydb/pgsql.c
-index 94f2f46..e051ba8 100644
--- a/src/bin/pgcopydb/pgsql.c
-+++ b/src/bin/pgcopydb/pgsql.c
-@@ -2319,6 +2319,11 @@ pgsql_execute_log_error(PGSQL *pgsql,
- 
- 	LinesBuffer lbuf = { 0 };
- 
-+	if (message != NULL){
-+		// make sure message is writable by splitLines
-+		message = strdup(message);
-+	}
-+
- 	if (!splitLines(&lbuf, message))
- 	{
- 		/* errors have already been logged */
-@@ -2332,6 +2337,7 @@ pgsql_execute_log_error(PGSQL *pgsql,
- 				  PQbackendPID(pgsql->connection),
- 				  lbuf.lines[lineNumber]);
- 	}
-+        free(message); // free copy of message we created above
- 
- 	if (pgsql->logSQL)
- 	{
-@@ -3174,11 +3180,18 @@ pgcopy_log_error(PGSQL *pgsql, PGresult *res, const char *context)
- 		/* errors have already been logged */
- 		return;
- 	}
-
- 	if (res != NULL)
- 	{
- 		char *sqlstate = PQresultErrorField(res, PG_DIAG_SQLSTATE);
-		strlcpy(pgsql->sqlstate, sqlstate, sizeof(pgsql->sqlstate));
-+		if (sqlstate == NULL)
-+		{
-+			// PQresultErrorField returned NULL!
-+			pgsql->sqlstate[0] = '\0';  // Set to an empty string to avoid segfault
-+		}
-+		else
-+		{
-+			strlcpy(pgsql->sqlstate, sqlstate, sizeof(pgsql->sqlstate));
-+		}
- 	}
- 
- 	char *endpoint =
--- a/compute/compute-node.Dockerfile
+++ b/compute/compute-node.Dockerfile
--- a/compute/patches/contrib_pg16.patch
+++ b/compute/patches/contrib_pg16.patch
@@ -1,242 +0,0 @@
-diff --git a/contrib/amcheck/expected/check_heap.out b/contrib/amcheck/expected/check_heap.out
-index 979e5e8..2375b45 100644
--- a/contrib/amcheck/expected/check_heap.out
-+++ b/contrib/amcheck/expected/check_heap.out
-@@ -80,12 +80,9 @@ INSERT INTO heaptest (a, b)
- -- same transaction.  The heaptest table is smaller than the default
- -- wal_skip_threshold, so a wal_level=minimal commit reads the table into
- -- shared_buffers.  A transaction delays that and excludes any autovacuum.
-SET allow_in_place_tablespaces = true;
-CREATE TABLESPACE regress_test_stats_tblspc LOCATION '';
- SELECT sum(reads) AS stats_bulkreads_before
-   FROM pg_stat_io WHERE context = 'bulkread' \gset
- BEGIN;
-ALTER TABLE heaptest SET TABLESPACE regress_test_stats_tblspc;
- -- Check that valid options are not rejected nor corruption reported
- -- for a non-empty table
- SELECT * FROM verify_heapam(relation := 'heaptest', skip := 'none');
-@@ -118,14 +115,6 @@ SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush();
-  
- (1 row)
- 
-SELECT sum(reads) AS stats_bulkreads_after
-  FROM pg_stat_io WHERE context = 'bulkread' \gset
-SELECT :stats_bulkreads_after > :stats_bulkreads_before;
- ?column? 
-----------
- t
-(1 row)
-
- CREATE ROLE regress_heaptest_role;
- -- verify permissions are checked (error due to function not callable)
- SET ROLE regress_heaptest_role;
-@@ -233,7 +222,6 @@ ERROR:  cannot check relation "test_foreign_table"
- DETAIL:  This operation is not supported for foreign tables.
- -- cleanup
- DROP TABLE heaptest;
-DROP TABLESPACE regress_test_stats_tblspc;
- DROP TABLE test_partition;
- DROP TABLE test_partitioned;
- DROP OWNED BY regress_heaptest_role; -- permissions
-diff --git a/contrib/amcheck/sql/check_heap.sql b/contrib/amcheck/sql/check_heap.sql
-index 1745bae..3b429c3 100644
--- a/contrib/amcheck/sql/check_heap.sql
-+++ b/contrib/amcheck/sql/check_heap.sql
-@@ -40,12 +40,9 @@ INSERT INTO heaptest (a, b)
- -- same transaction.  The heaptest table is smaller than the default
- -- wal_skip_threshold, so a wal_level=minimal commit reads the table into
- -- shared_buffers.  A transaction delays that and excludes any autovacuum.
-SET allow_in_place_tablespaces = true;
-CREATE TABLESPACE regress_test_stats_tblspc LOCATION '';
- SELECT sum(reads) AS stats_bulkreads_before
-   FROM pg_stat_io WHERE context = 'bulkread' \gset
- BEGIN;
-ALTER TABLE heaptest SET TABLESPACE regress_test_stats_tblspc;
- -- Check that valid options are not rejected nor corruption reported
- -- for a non-empty table
- SELECT * FROM verify_heapam(relation := 'heaptest', skip := 'none');
-@@ -58,9 +55,6 @@ COMMIT;
- --   ALTER TABLE ... SET TABLESPACE ...
- -- causing an additional bulkread, which should be reflected in pg_stat_io.
- SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush();
-SELECT sum(reads) AS stats_bulkreads_after
-  FROM pg_stat_io WHERE context = 'bulkread' \gset
-SELECT :stats_bulkreads_after > :stats_bulkreads_before;
- 
- CREATE ROLE regress_heaptest_role;
- 
-@@ -140,7 +134,6 @@ SELECT * FROM verify_heapam('test_foreign_table',
- 
- -- cleanup
- DROP TABLE heaptest;
-DROP TABLESPACE regress_test_stats_tblspc;
- DROP TABLE test_partition;
- DROP TABLE test_partitioned;
- DROP OWNED BY regress_heaptest_role; -- permissions
-diff --git a/contrib/citext/expected/create_index_acl.out b/contrib/citext/expected/create_index_acl.out
-index 33be13a..70a406c 100644
--- a/contrib/citext/expected/create_index_acl.out
-+++ b/contrib/citext/expected/create_index_acl.out
-@@ -5,9 +5,6 @@
- -- owner having as few applicable privileges as possible.  (The privileges.sql
- -- regress_sro_user tests look for the opposite defect; they confirm that
- -- DefineIndex() uses the table owner userid where necessary.)
-SET allow_in_place_tablespaces = true;
-CREATE TABLESPACE regress_create_idx_tblspace LOCATION '';
-RESET allow_in_place_tablespaces;
- BEGIN;
- CREATE ROLE regress_minimal;
- CREATE SCHEMA s;
-@@ -49,11 +46,9 @@ ALTER TABLE s.x OWNER TO regress_minimal;
- -- Empty-table DefineIndex()
- CREATE UNIQUE INDEX u0rows ON s.x USING btree
-   ((s.index_this_expr(y, s.const())) COLLATE s.coll s.citext_pattern_ops)
-  TABLESPACE regress_create_idx_tblspace
-   WHERE s.index_row_if(y);
- ALTER TABLE s.x ADD CONSTRAINT e0rows EXCLUDE USING btree
-   ((s.index_this_expr(y, s.const())) COLLATE s.coll WITH s.=)
-  USING INDEX TABLESPACE regress_create_idx_tblspace
-   WHERE (s.index_row_if(y));
- -- Make the table nonempty.
- INSERT INTO s.x VALUES ('foo'), ('bar');
-@@ -66,11 +61,9 @@ RESET search_path;
- GRANT EXECUTE ON FUNCTION s.index_this_expr TO regress_minimal;
- CREATE UNIQUE INDEX u2rows ON s.x USING btree
-   ((s.index_this_expr(y, s.const())) COLLATE s.coll s.citext_pattern_ops)
-  TABLESPACE regress_create_idx_tblspace
-   WHERE s.index_row_if(y);
- ALTER TABLE s.x ADD CONSTRAINT e2rows EXCLUDE USING btree
-   ((s.index_this_expr(y, s.const())) COLLATE s.coll WITH s.=)
-  USING INDEX TABLESPACE regress_create_idx_tblspace
-   WHERE (s.index_row_if(y));
- -- Shall not find s.coll via search_path, despite the s.const->public.setter
- -- call having set search_path=s during expression planning.  Suppress the
-@@ -78,9 +71,7 @@ ALTER TABLE s.x ADD CONSTRAINT e2rows EXCLUDE USING btree
- \set VERBOSITY sqlstate
- ALTER TABLE s.x ADD CONSTRAINT underqualified EXCLUDE USING btree
-   ((s.index_this_expr(y, s.const())) COLLATE coll WITH s.=)
-  USING INDEX TABLESPACE regress_create_idx_tblspace
-   WHERE (s.index_row_if(y));
- ERROR:  42704
- \set VERBOSITY default
- ROLLBACK;
-DROP TABLESPACE regress_create_idx_tblspace;
-diff --git a/contrib/citext/sql/create_index_acl.sql b/contrib/citext/sql/create_index_acl.sql
-index 10b5225..ae442e1 100644
--- a/contrib/citext/sql/create_index_acl.sql
-+++ b/contrib/citext/sql/create_index_acl.sql
-@@ -6,10 +6,6 @@
- -- regress_sro_user tests look for the opposite defect; they confirm that
- -- DefineIndex() uses the table owner userid where necessary.)
- 
-SET allow_in_place_tablespaces = true;
-CREATE TABLESPACE regress_create_idx_tblspace LOCATION '';
-RESET allow_in_place_tablespaces;
-
- BEGIN;
- CREATE ROLE regress_minimal;
- CREATE SCHEMA s;
-@@ -51,11 +47,9 @@ ALTER TABLE s.x OWNER TO regress_minimal;
- -- Empty-table DefineIndex()
- CREATE UNIQUE INDEX u0rows ON s.x USING btree
-   ((s.index_this_expr(y, s.const())) COLLATE s.coll s.citext_pattern_ops)
-  TABLESPACE regress_create_idx_tblspace
-   WHERE s.index_row_if(y);
- ALTER TABLE s.x ADD CONSTRAINT e0rows EXCLUDE USING btree
-   ((s.index_this_expr(y, s.const())) COLLATE s.coll WITH s.=)
-  USING INDEX TABLESPACE regress_create_idx_tblspace
-   WHERE (s.index_row_if(y));
- -- Make the table nonempty.
- INSERT INTO s.x VALUES ('foo'), ('bar');
-@@ -68,11 +62,9 @@ RESET search_path;
- GRANT EXECUTE ON FUNCTION s.index_this_expr TO regress_minimal;
- CREATE UNIQUE INDEX u2rows ON s.x USING btree
-   ((s.index_this_expr(y, s.const())) COLLATE s.coll s.citext_pattern_ops)
-  TABLESPACE regress_create_idx_tblspace
-   WHERE s.index_row_if(y);
- ALTER TABLE s.x ADD CONSTRAINT e2rows EXCLUDE USING btree
-   ((s.index_this_expr(y, s.const())) COLLATE s.coll WITH s.=)
-  USING INDEX TABLESPACE regress_create_idx_tblspace
-   WHERE (s.index_row_if(y));
- -- Shall not find s.coll via search_path, despite the s.const->public.setter
- -- call having set search_path=s during expression planning.  Suppress the
-@@ -80,9 +72,7 @@ ALTER TABLE s.x ADD CONSTRAINT e2rows EXCLUDE USING btree
- \set VERBOSITY sqlstate
- ALTER TABLE s.x ADD CONSTRAINT underqualified EXCLUDE USING btree
-   ((s.index_this_expr(y, s.const())) COLLATE coll WITH s.=)
-  USING INDEX TABLESPACE regress_create_idx_tblspace
-   WHERE (s.index_row_if(y));
- \set VERBOSITY default
- ROLLBACK;
- 
-DROP TABLESPACE regress_create_idx_tblspace;
-diff --git a/contrib/file_fdw/expected/file_fdw.out b/contrib/file_fdw/expected/file_fdw.out
-index 72304e0..ebe131b 100644
--- a/contrib/file_fdw/expected/file_fdw.out
-+++ b/contrib/file_fdw/expected/file_fdw.out
-@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
- -- directory paths are passed to us in environment variables
- \getenv abs_srcdir PG_ABS_SRCDIR
- -- Clean up in case a prior regression run failed
-+SET compute_query_id TO 'off';
- SET client_min_messages TO 'warning';
- DROP ROLE IF EXISTS regress_file_fdw_superuser, regress_file_fdw_user, regress_no_priv_user;
- RESET client_min_messages;
-diff --git a/contrib/file_fdw/sql/file_fdw.sql b/contrib/file_fdw/sql/file_fdw.sql
-index f0548e1..848a08c 100644
--- a/contrib/file_fdw/sql/file_fdw.sql
-+++ b/contrib/file_fdw/sql/file_fdw.sql
-@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
- \getenv abs_srcdir PG_ABS_SRCDIR
- 
- -- Clean up in case a prior regression run failed
-+SET compute_query_id TO 'off';
- SET client_min_messages TO 'warning';
- DROP ROLE IF EXISTS regress_file_fdw_superuser, regress_file_fdw_user, regress_no_priv_user;
- RESET client_min_messages;
-diff --git a/contrib/pageinspect/expected/gist.out b/contrib/pageinspect/expected/gist.out
-index d1adbab..38b52ac 100644
--- a/contrib/pageinspect/expected/gist.out
-+++ b/contrib/pageinspect/expected/gist.out
-@@ -10,25 +10,6 @@ BEGIN;
- CREATE TABLE test_gist AS SELECT point(i,i) p, i::text t FROM
-     generate_series(1,1000) i;
- CREATE INDEX test_gist_idx ON test_gist USING gist (p);
--- Page 0 is the root, the rest are leaf pages
-SELECT * FROM gist_page_opaque_info(get_raw_page('test_gist_idx', 0));
- lsn | nsn | rightlink  | flags 
------+-----+------------+-------
- 0/1 | 0/0 | 4294967295 | {}
-(1 row)
-
-SELECT * FROM gist_page_opaque_info(get_raw_page('test_gist_idx', 1));
- lsn | nsn | rightlink  | flags  
------+-----+------------+--------
- 0/1 | 0/0 | 4294967295 | {leaf}
-(1 row)
-
-SELECT * FROM gist_page_opaque_info(get_raw_page('test_gist_idx', 2));
- lsn | nsn | rightlink | flags  
------+-----+-----------+--------
- 0/1 | 0/0 |         1 | {leaf}
-(1 row)
-
- COMMIT;
- SELECT * FROM gist_page_items(get_raw_page('test_gist_idx', 0), 'test_gist_idx');
-  itemoffset |   ctid    | itemlen | dead |             keys              
-diff --git a/contrib/pageinspect/sql/gist.sql b/contrib/pageinspect/sql/gist.sql
-index d263542..607992f 100644
--- a/contrib/pageinspect/sql/gist.sql
-+++ b/contrib/pageinspect/sql/gist.sql
-@@ -12,11 +12,6 @@ CREATE TABLE test_gist AS SELECT point(i,i) p, i::text t FROM
-     generate_series(1,1000) i;
- CREATE INDEX test_gist_idx ON test_gist USING gist (p);
- 
--- Page 0 is the root, the rest are leaf pages
-SELECT * FROM gist_page_opaque_info(get_raw_page('test_gist_idx', 0));
-SELECT * FROM gist_page_opaque_info(get_raw_page('test_gist_idx', 1));
-SELECT * FROM gist_page_opaque_info(get_raw_page('test_gist_idx', 2));
-
- COMMIT;
- 
- SELECT * FROM gist_page_items(get_raw_page('test_gist_idx', 0), 'test_gist_idx');
--- a/compute/patches/contrib_pg17.patch
+++ b/compute/patches/contrib_pg17.patch
@@ -1,196 +0,0 @@
-diff --git a/contrib/amcheck/expected/check_heap.out b/contrib/amcheck/expected/check_heap.out
-index 979e5e8..2375b45 100644
--- a/contrib/amcheck/expected/check_heap.out
-+++ b/contrib/amcheck/expected/check_heap.out
-@@ -80,12 +80,9 @@ INSERT INTO heaptest (a, b)
- -- same transaction.  The heaptest table is smaller than the default
- -- wal_skip_threshold, so a wal_level=minimal commit reads the table into
- -- shared_buffers.  A transaction delays that and excludes any autovacuum.
-SET allow_in_place_tablespaces = true;
-CREATE TABLESPACE regress_test_stats_tblspc LOCATION '';
- SELECT sum(reads) AS stats_bulkreads_before
-   FROM pg_stat_io WHERE context = 'bulkread' \gset
- BEGIN;
-ALTER TABLE heaptest SET TABLESPACE regress_test_stats_tblspc;
- -- Check that valid options are not rejected nor corruption reported
- -- for a non-empty table
- SELECT * FROM verify_heapam(relation := 'heaptest', skip := 'none');
-@@ -118,14 +115,6 @@ SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush();
-  
- (1 row)
- 
-SELECT sum(reads) AS stats_bulkreads_after
-  FROM pg_stat_io WHERE context = 'bulkread' \gset
-SELECT :stats_bulkreads_after > :stats_bulkreads_before;
- ?column? 
-----------
- t
-(1 row)
-
- CREATE ROLE regress_heaptest_role;
- -- verify permissions are checked (error due to function not callable)
- SET ROLE regress_heaptest_role;
-@@ -233,7 +222,6 @@ ERROR:  cannot check relation "test_foreign_table"
- DETAIL:  This operation is not supported for foreign tables.
- -- cleanup
- DROP TABLE heaptest;
-DROP TABLESPACE regress_test_stats_tblspc;
- DROP TABLE test_partition;
- DROP TABLE test_partitioned;
- DROP OWNED BY regress_heaptest_role; -- permissions
-diff --git a/contrib/amcheck/sql/check_heap.sql b/contrib/amcheck/sql/check_heap.sql
-index 1745bae..3b429c3 100644
--- a/contrib/amcheck/sql/check_heap.sql
-+++ b/contrib/amcheck/sql/check_heap.sql
-@@ -40,12 +40,9 @@ INSERT INTO heaptest (a, b)
- -- same transaction.  The heaptest table is smaller than the default
- -- wal_skip_threshold, so a wal_level=minimal commit reads the table into
- -- shared_buffers.  A transaction delays that and excludes any autovacuum.
-SET allow_in_place_tablespaces = true;
-CREATE TABLESPACE regress_test_stats_tblspc LOCATION '';
- SELECT sum(reads) AS stats_bulkreads_before
-   FROM pg_stat_io WHERE context = 'bulkread' \gset
- BEGIN;
-ALTER TABLE heaptest SET TABLESPACE regress_test_stats_tblspc;
- -- Check that valid options are not rejected nor corruption reported
- -- for a non-empty table
- SELECT * FROM verify_heapam(relation := 'heaptest', skip := 'none');
-@@ -58,9 +55,6 @@ COMMIT;
- --   ALTER TABLE ... SET TABLESPACE ...
- -- causing an additional bulkread, which should be reflected in pg_stat_io.
- SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush();
-SELECT sum(reads) AS stats_bulkreads_after
-  FROM pg_stat_io WHERE context = 'bulkread' \gset
-SELECT :stats_bulkreads_after > :stats_bulkreads_before;
- 
- CREATE ROLE regress_heaptest_role;
- 
-@@ -140,7 +134,6 @@ SELECT * FROM verify_heapam('test_foreign_table',
- 
- -- cleanup
- DROP TABLE heaptest;
-DROP TABLESPACE regress_test_stats_tblspc;
- DROP TABLE test_partition;
- DROP TABLE test_partitioned;
- DROP OWNED BY regress_heaptest_role; -- permissions
-diff --git a/contrib/citext/expected/create_index_acl.out b/contrib/citext/expected/create_index_acl.out
-index 33be13a..70a406c 100644
--- a/contrib/citext/expected/create_index_acl.out
-+++ b/contrib/citext/expected/create_index_acl.out
-@@ -5,9 +5,6 @@
- -- owner having as few applicable privileges as possible.  (The privileges.sql
- -- regress_sro_user tests look for the opposite defect; they confirm that
- -- DefineIndex() uses the table owner userid where necessary.)
-SET allow_in_place_tablespaces = true;
-CREATE TABLESPACE regress_create_idx_tblspace LOCATION '';
-RESET allow_in_place_tablespaces;
- BEGIN;
- CREATE ROLE regress_minimal;
- CREATE SCHEMA s;
-@@ -49,11 +46,9 @@ ALTER TABLE s.x OWNER TO regress_minimal;
- -- Empty-table DefineIndex()
- CREATE UNIQUE INDEX u0rows ON s.x USING btree
-   ((s.index_this_expr(y, s.const())) COLLATE s.coll s.citext_pattern_ops)
-  TABLESPACE regress_create_idx_tblspace
-   WHERE s.index_row_if(y);
- ALTER TABLE s.x ADD CONSTRAINT e0rows EXCLUDE USING btree
-   ((s.index_this_expr(y, s.const())) COLLATE s.coll WITH s.=)
-  USING INDEX TABLESPACE regress_create_idx_tblspace
-   WHERE (s.index_row_if(y));
- -- Make the table nonempty.
- INSERT INTO s.x VALUES ('foo'), ('bar');
-@@ -66,11 +61,9 @@ RESET search_path;
- GRANT EXECUTE ON FUNCTION s.index_this_expr TO regress_minimal;
- CREATE UNIQUE INDEX u2rows ON s.x USING btree
-   ((s.index_this_expr(y, s.const())) COLLATE s.coll s.citext_pattern_ops)
-  TABLESPACE regress_create_idx_tblspace
-   WHERE s.index_row_if(y);
- ALTER TABLE s.x ADD CONSTRAINT e2rows EXCLUDE USING btree
-   ((s.index_this_expr(y, s.const())) COLLATE s.coll WITH s.=)
-  USING INDEX TABLESPACE regress_create_idx_tblspace
-   WHERE (s.index_row_if(y));
- -- Shall not find s.coll via search_path, despite the s.const->public.setter
- -- call having set search_path=s during expression planning.  Suppress the
-@@ -78,9 +71,7 @@ ALTER TABLE s.x ADD CONSTRAINT e2rows EXCLUDE USING btree
- \set VERBOSITY sqlstate
- ALTER TABLE s.x ADD CONSTRAINT underqualified EXCLUDE USING btree
-   ((s.index_this_expr(y, s.const())) COLLATE coll WITH s.=)
-  USING INDEX TABLESPACE regress_create_idx_tblspace
-   WHERE (s.index_row_if(y));
- ERROR:  42704
- \set VERBOSITY default
- ROLLBACK;
-DROP TABLESPACE regress_create_idx_tblspace;
-diff --git a/contrib/citext/sql/create_index_acl.sql b/contrib/citext/sql/create_index_acl.sql
-index 10b5225..ae442e1 100644
--- a/contrib/citext/sql/create_index_acl.sql
-+++ b/contrib/citext/sql/create_index_acl.sql
-@@ -6,10 +6,6 @@
- -- regress_sro_user tests look for the opposite defect; they confirm that
- -- DefineIndex() uses the table owner userid where necessary.)
- 
-SET allow_in_place_tablespaces = true;
-CREATE TABLESPACE regress_create_idx_tblspace LOCATION '';
-RESET allow_in_place_tablespaces;
-
- BEGIN;
- CREATE ROLE regress_minimal;
- CREATE SCHEMA s;
-@@ -51,11 +47,9 @@ ALTER TABLE s.x OWNER TO regress_minimal;
- -- Empty-table DefineIndex()
- CREATE UNIQUE INDEX u0rows ON s.x USING btree
-   ((s.index_this_expr(y, s.const())) COLLATE s.coll s.citext_pattern_ops)
-  TABLESPACE regress_create_idx_tblspace
-   WHERE s.index_row_if(y);
- ALTER TABLE s.x ADD CONSTRAINT e0rows EXCLUDE USING btree
-   ((s.index_this_expr(y, s.const())) COLLATE s.coll WITH s.=)
-  USING INDEX TABLESPACE regress_create_idx_tblspace
-   WHERE (s.index_row_if(y));
- -- Make the table nonempty.
- INSERT INTO s.x VALUES ('foo'), ('bar');
-@@ -68,11 +62,9 @@ RESET search_path;
- GRANT EXECUTE ON FUNCTION s.index_this_expr TO regress_minimal;
- CREATE UNIQUE INDEX u2rows ON s.x USING btree
-   ((s.index_this_expr(y, s.const())) COLLATE s.coll s.citext_pattern_ops)
-  TABLESPACE regress_create_idx_tblspace
-   WHERE s.index_row_if(y);
- ALTER TABLE s.x ADD CONSTRAINT e2rows EXCLUDE USING btree
-   ((s.index_this_expr(y, s.const())) COLLATE s.coll WITH s.=)
-  USING INDEX TABLESPACE regress_create_idx_tblspace
-   WHERE (s.index_row_if(y));
- -- Shall not find s.coll via search_path, despite the s.const->public.setter
- -- call having set search_path=s during expression planning.  Suppress the
-@@ -80,9 +72,7 @@ ALTER TABLE s.x ADD CONSTRAINT e2rows EXCLUDE USING btree
- \set VERBOSITY sqlstate
- ALTER TABLE s.x ADD CONSTRAINT underqualified EXCLUDE USING btree
-   ((s.index_this_expr(y, s.const())) COLLATE coll WITH s.=)
-  USING INDEX TABLESPACE regress_create_idx_tblspace
-   WHERE (s.index_row_if(y));
- \set VERBOSITY default
- ROLLBACK;
- 
-DROP TABLESPACE regress_create_idx_tblspace;
-diff --git a/contrib/file_fdw/expected/file_fdw.out b/contrib/file_fdw/expected/file_fdw.out
-index 86c148a..81bdb2c 100644
--- a/contrib/file_fdw/expected/file_fdw.out
-+++ b/contrib/file_fdw/expected/file_fdw.out
-@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
- -- directory paths are passed to us in environment variables
- \getenv abs_srcdir PG_ABS_SRCDIR
- -- Clean up in case a prior regression run failed
-+SET compute_query_id TO 'off';
- SET client_min_messages TO 'warning';
- DROP ROLE IF EXISTS regress_file_fdw_superuser, regress_file_fdw_user, regress_no_priv_user;
- RESET client_min_messages;
-diff --git a/contrib/file_fdw/sql/file_fdw.sql b/contrib/file_fdw/sql/file_fdw.sql
-index f0548e1..848a08c 100644
--- a/contrib/file_fdw/sql/file_fdw.sql
-+++ b/contrib/file_fdw/sql/file_fdw.sql
-@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
- \getenv abs_srcdir PG_ABS_SRCDIR
- 
- -- Clean up in case a prior regression run failed
-+SET compute_query_id TO 'off';
- SET client_min_messages TO 'warning';
- DROP ROLE IF EXISTS regress_file_fdw_superuser, regress_file_fdw_user, regress_no_priv_user;
- RESET client_min_messages;
--- a/compute/patches/pg_duckdb_v031.patch
+++ b/compute/patches/pg_duckdb_v031.patch
@@ -1,55 +0,0 @@
-diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
-index 3235cc8..e232052 100644
--- a/Makefile
-+++ b/Makefile
-@@ -32,7 +32,16 @@ else
- 	DUCKDB_BUILD_TYPE = release
- endif
- 
-DUCKDB_LIB = libduckdb$(DLSUFFIX)
-+DUCKDB_STATIC ?= 0
-+PG_DUCKDB_LINK_FLAGS = -Wl,-rpath,$(PG_LIB)/ -lpq -Lthird_party/duckdb/build/$(DUCKDB_BUILD_TYPE)/src -Lthird_party/duckdb/build/$(DUCKDB_BUILD_TYPE)/extension/json -Lthird_party/duckdb/build/$(DUCKDB_BUILD_TYPE)/extension/parquet -Lthird_party/duckdb/build/$(DUCKDB_BUILD_TYPE)/extension/core_functions -Lthird_party/duckdb/build/$(DUCKDB_BUILD_TYPE)/extension/jemalloc -Lthird_party/duckdb/build/$(DUCKDB_BUILD_TYPE)/extension/icu -Lthird_party/duckdb/build/$(DUCKDB_BUILD_TYPE)/extension/cached_httpfs -Lthird_party/duckdb/build/$(DUCKDB_BUILD_TYPE)/third_party/yyjson -Lthird_party/duckdb/build/$(DUCKDB_BUILD_TYPE)/third_party/miniz -Lthird_party/duckdb/build/$(DUCKDB_BUILD_TYPE)/third_party/zstd -Lthird_party/duckdb/build/$(DUCKDB_BUILD_TYPE)/third_party/skiplist -Lthird_party/duckdb/build/$(DUCKDB_BUILD_TYPE)/third_party/mbedtls -Lthird_party/duckdb/build/$(DUCKDB_BUILD_TYPE)/third_party/utf8proc -Lthird_party/duckdb/build/$(DUCKDB_BUILD_TYPE)/third_party/hyperloglog -Lthird_party/duckdb/build/$(DUCKDB_BUILD_TYPE)/third_party/fastpforlib -Lthird_party/duckdb/build/$(DUCKDB_BUILD_TYPE)/third_party/re2 -Lthird_party/duckdb/build/$(DUCKDB_BUILD_TYPE)/third_party/libpg_query -Lthird_party/duckdb/build/$(DUCKDB_BUILD_TYPE)/third_party/fsst -Lthird_party/duckdb/build/$(DUCKDB_BUILD_TYPE)/third_party/fmt -L$(PG_LIB) -lstdc++ -llz4
-+ifeq ($(DUCKDB_STATIC), 1)
-+	DUCKDB_LIB = libduckdb_static.a
-+	PG_DUCKDB_LINK_FLAGS += -l:$(DUCKDB_LIB) -l:libjson_extension.a -l:libparquet_extension.a -l:libcore_functions_extension.a -l:libjemalloc_extension.a -l:libicu_extension.a -l:libcached_httpfs_extension.a -l:libduckdb_yyjson.a -l:libduckdb_miniz.a -l:libduckdb_zstd.a -l:libduckdb_skiplistlib.a -l:libduckdb_mbedtls.a -l:libduckdb_utf8proc.a -l:libduckdb_hyperloglog.a -l:libduckdb_fastpforlib.a -l:libduckdb_re2.a -l:libduckdb_pg_query.a -l:libduckdb_fsst.a -l:libduckdb_fmt.a
-+else
-+	DUCKDB_LIB = libduckdb$(DLSUFFIX)
-+	PG_DUCKDB_LINK_FLAGS += -lduckdb
-+endif
-+
- FULL_DUCKDB_LIB = third_party/duckdb/build/$(DUCKDB_BUILD_TYPE)/src/$(DUCKDB_LIB)
- 
- ERROR_ON_WARNING ?=
-@@ -54,7 +63,7 @@ override PG_CXXFLAGS += -std=c++17 ${DUCKDB_BUILD_CXX_FLAGS} ${COMPILER_FLAGS} -
- # changes to the vendored code in one place.
- override PG_CFLAGS += -Wno-declaration-after-statement
- 
-SHLIB_LINK += -Wl,-rpath,$(PG_LIB)/ -lpq -Lthird_party/duckdb/build/$(DUCKDB_BUILD_TYPE)/src -L$(PG_LIB) -lduckdb -lstdc++ -llz4
-+SHLIB_LINK += $(PG_DUCKDB_LINK_FLAGS)
- 
- include Makefile.global
- 
-diff --git a/docs/compilation.md b/docs/compilation.md
-index e25396f..b94a63a 100644
--- a/docs/compilation.md
-+++ b/docs/compilation.md
-@@ -14,6 +14,8 @@ To build and install, run:
- make install
- ```
- 
-+If you want to link `libduckdb` statically, set `DUCKDB_STATIC=1` when interacting with `make(1)`.
-+
- Add `pg_duckdb` to the `shared_preload_libraries` in your `postgresql.conf` file:
- 
- ```ini
-diff --git a/sql/pg_duckdb--0.2.0--0.3.0.sql b/sql/pg_duckdb--0.2.0--0.3.0.sql
-index d777d76..af60106 100644
--- a/sql/pg_duckdb--0.2.0--0.3.0.sql
-+++ b/sql/pg_duckdb--0.2.0--0.3.0.sql
-@@ -1056,3 +1056,6 @@ GRANT ALL ON FUNCTION duckdb.cache(TEXT, TEXT) TO PUBLIC;
- GRANT ALL ON FUNCTION duckdb.cache_info() TO PUBLIC;
- GRANT ALL ON FUNCTION duckdb.cache_delete(TEXT) TO PUBLIC;
- GRANT ALL ON PROCEDURE duckdb.recycle_ddb() TO PUBLIC;
-+GRANT ALL ON FUNCTION duckdb.install_extension(TEXT) TO neon_superuser;
-+GRANT ALL ON TABLE duckdb.extensions TO neon_superuser;
-+GRANT ALL ON SEQUENCE duckdb.extensions_table_seq TO neon_superuser;
--- a/compute/patches/pg_hint_plan_v16.patch
+++ b/compute/patches/pg_hint_plan_v16.patch
@@ -6,16 +6,16 @@ index da723b8..5328114 100644
 ----
 -- No.A-1-1-3
 CREATE EXTENSION pg_hint_plan;
-+LOG:  Sending request to compute_ctl: http://localhost:3081/extension_server/pg_hint_plan
+LOG:  Sending request to compute_ctl: http://localhost:3080/extension_server/pg_hint_plan
 -- No.A-1-2-3
 DROP EXTENSION pg_hint_plan;
 -- No.A-1-1-4
 CREATE SCHEMA other_schema;
 CREATE EXTENSION pg_hint_plan SCHEMA other_schema;
-+LOG:  Sending request to compute_ctl: http://localhost:3081/extension_server/pg_hint_plan
+LOG:  Sending request to compute_ctl: http://localhost:3080/extension_server/pg_hint_plan
 ERROR:  extension "pg_hint_plan" must be installed in schema "hint_plan"
 CREATE EXTENSION pg_hint_plan;
-+LOG:  Sending request to compute_ctl: http://localhost:3081/extension_server/pg_hint_plan
+LOG:  Sending request to compute_ctl: http://localhost:3080/extension_server/pg_hint_plan
 DROP SCHEMA other_schema;
 ----
 ---- No. A-5-1 comment pattern
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ index d372459..6282afe 100644
 SET client_min_messages TO LOG;
 SET pg_hint_plan.enable_hint TO on;
 CREATE EXTENSION file_fdw;
-+LOG:  Sending request to compute_ctl: http://localhost:3081/extension_server/file_fdw
+LOG:  Sending request to compute_ctl: http://localhost:3080/extension_server/file_fdw
 CREATE SERVER file_server FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER file_fdw;
 CREATE USER MAPPING FOR PUBLIC SERVER file_server;
 CREATE FOREIGN TABLE ft1 (id int, val int) SERVER file_server OPTIONS (format 'csv', filename :'filename');
--- a/compute/patches/pg_hint_plan_v17.patch
+++ b/compute/patches/pg_hint_plan_v17.patch
@@ -6,16 +6,16 @@ index e7d68a1..65a056c 100644
 ----
 -- No.A-1-1-3
 CREATE EXTENSION pg_hint_plan;
-+LOG:  Sending request to compute_ctl: http://localhost:3081/extension_server/pg_hint_plan
+LOG:  Sending request to compute_ctl: http://localhost:3080/extension_server/pg_hint_plan
 -- No.A-1-2-3
 DROP EXTENSION pg_hint_plan;
 -- No.A-1-1-4
 CREATE SCHEMA other_schema;
 CREATE EXTENSION pg_hint_plan SCHEMA other_schema;
-+LOG:  Sending request to compute_ctl: http://localhost:3081/extension_server/pg_hint_plan
+LOG:  Sending request to compute_ctl: http://localhost:3080/extension_server/pg_hint_plan
 ERROR:  extension "pg_hint_plan" must be installed in schema "hint_plan"
 CREATE EXTENSION pg_hint_plan;
-+LOG:  Sending request to compute_ctl: http://localhost:3081/extension_server/pg_hint_plan
+LOG:  Sending request to compute_ctl: http://localhost:3080/extension_server/pg_hint_plan
 DROP SCHEMA other_schema;
 ----
 ---- No. A-5-1 comment pattern
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ index 017fa4b..98d989b 100644
 SET client_min_messages TO LOG;
 SET pg_hint_plan.enable_hint TO on;
 CREATE EXTENSION file_fdw;
-+LOG:  Sending request to compute_ctl: http://localhost:3081/extension_server/file_fdw
+LOG:  Sending request to compute_ctl: http://localhost:3080/extension_server/file_fdw
 CREATE SERVER file_server FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER file_fdw;
 CREATE USER MAPPING FOR PUBLIC SERVER file_server;
 CREATE FOREIGN TABLE ft1 (id int, val int) SERVER file_server OPTIONS (format 'csv', filename :'filename');
--- a/compute/patches/pg_repack.patch
+++ b/compute/patches/pg_repack.patch
@@ -1,72 +0,0 @@
-diff --git a/regress/Makefile b/regress/Makefile
-index bf6edcb..89b4c7f 100644
--- a/regress/Makefile
-+++ b/regress/Makefile
-@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ INTVERSION := $(shell echo $$(($$(echo $(VERSION).0 | sed 's/\([[:digit:]]\{1,\}
- # Test suite
- #
- 
-REGRESS := init-extension repack-setup repack-run error-on-invalid-idx no-error-on-invalid-idx after-schema repack-check nosuper tablespace get_order_by trigger
-+REGRESS := init-extension repack-setup repack-run error-on-invalid-idx no-error-on-invalid-idx after-schema repack-check nosuper get_order_by trigger
- 
- USE_PGXS = 1	# use pgxs if not in contrib directory
- PGXS := $(shell $(PG_CONFIG) --pgxs)
-diff --git a/regress/expected/nosuper.out b/regress/expected/nosuper.out
-index 8d0a94e..63b68bf 100644
--- a/regress/expected/nosuper.out
-+++ b/regress/expected/nosuper.out
-@@ -4,22 +4,22 @@
- SET client_min_messages = error;
- DROP ROLE IF EXISTS nosuper;
- SET client_min_messages = warning;
-CREATE ROLE nosuper WITH LOGIN;
-+CREATE ROLE nosuper WITH LOGIN PASSWORD 'NoSuPeRpAsSwOrD';
- -- => OK
- \! pg_repack --dbname=contrib_regression --table=tbl_cluster --no-superuser-check
- INFO: repacking table "public.tbl_cluster"
- -- => ERROR
-\! pg_repack --dbname=contrib_regression --table=tbl_cluster --username=nosuper
-+\! PGPASSWORD=NoSuPeRpAsSwOrD pg_repack --dbname=contrib_regression --table=tbl_cluster --username=nosuper
- ERROR: pg_repack failed with error: You must be a superuser to use pg_repack
- -- => ERROR
-\! pg_repack --dbname=contrib_regression --table=tbl_cluster --username=nosuper --no-superuser-check
-+\! PGPASSWORD=NoSuPeRpAsSwOrD pg_repack --dbname=contrib_regression --table=tbl_cluster --username=nosuper --no-superuser-check
- ERROR: pg_repack failed with error: ERROR:  permission denied for schema repack
- LINE 1: select repack.version(), repack.version_sql()
-                ^
- GRANT ALL ON ALL TABLES IN SCHEMA repack TO nosuper;
- GRANT USAGE ON SCHEMA repack TO nosuper;
- -- => ERROR
-\! pg_repack --dbname=contrib_regression --table=tbl_cluster --username=nosuper --no-superuser-check
-+\! PGPASSWORD=NoSuPeRpAsSwOrD pg_repack --dbname=contrib_regression --table=tbl_cluster --username=nosuper --no-superuser-check
- INFO: repacking table "public.tbl_cluster"
- ERROR: query failed: ERROR:  current transaction is aborted, commands ignored until end of transaction block
- DETAIL: query was: RESET lock_timeout
-diff --git a/regress/sql/nosuper.sql b/regress/sql/nosuper.sql
-index 072f0fa..dbe60f8 100644
--- a/regress/sql/nosuper.sql
-+++ b/regress/sql/nosuper.sql
-@@ -4,19 +4,19 @@
- SET client_min_messages = error;
- DROP ROLE IF EXISTS nosuper;
- SET client_min_messages = warning;
-CREATE ROLE nosuper WITH LOGIN;
-+CREATE ROLE nosuper WITH LOGIN PASSWORD 'NoSuPeRpAsSwOrD';
- -- => OK
- \! pg_repack --dbname=contrib_regression --table=tbl_cluster --no-superuser-check
- -- => ERROR
-\! pg_repack --dbname=contrib_regression --table=tbl_cluster --username=nosuper
-+\! PGPASSWORD=NoSuPeRpAsSwOrD pg_repack --dbname=contrib_regression --table=tbl_cluster --username=nosuper
- -- => ERROR
-\! pg_repack --dbname=contrib_regression --table=tbl_cluster --username=nosuper --no-superuser-check
-+\! PGPASSWORD=NoSuPeRpAsSwOrD pg_repack --dbname=contrib_regression --table=tbl_cluster --username=nosuper --no-superuser-check
- 
- GRANT ALL ON ALL TABLES IN SCHEMA repack TO nosuper;
- GRANT USAGE ON SCHEMA repack TO nosuper;
- 
- -- => ERROR
-\! pg_repack --dbname=contrib_regression --table=tbl_cluster --username=nosuper --no-superuser-check
-+\! PGPASSWORD=NoSuPeRpAsSwOrD pg_repack --dbname=contrib_regression --table=tbl_cluster --username=nosuper --no-superuser-check
- 
- REVOKE ALL ON ALL TABLES IN SCHEMA repack FROM nosuper;
- REVOKE USAGE ON SCHEMA repack FROM nosuper;
--- a/compute/vm-image-spec-bookworm.yaml
+++ b/compute/vm-image-spec-bookworm.yaml
@@ -47,9 +47,7 @@ files:
      # Allow postgres user (which is what compute_ctl runs as) to run /neonvm/bin/resize-swap
      # and /neonvm/bin/set-disk-quota as root without requiring entering a password (NOPASSWD),
      # regardless of hostname (ALL)
-      #
-      # Also allow it to shut down the VM. The fast_import job does that when it's finished.
-      postgres ALL=(root) NOPASSWD: /neonvm/bin/resize-swap, /neonvm/bin/set-disk-quota, /neonvm/bin/poweroff
+      postgres ALL=(root) NOPASSWD: /neonvm/bin/resize-swap, /neonvm/bin/set-disk-quota
  - filename: cgconfig.conf
    content: |
      # Configuration for cgroups in VM compute nodes
@@ -74,8 +72,8 @@ build: |
  # At time of migration to bookworm (2024-10-09), debian has a version of libcgroup/cgroup-tools 2.0.2,
  # and it _probably_ can be used as-is. However, we'll build it ourselves to minimise the changeset
  # for debian version migration.
-  ARG BOOKWORM_SLIM_SHA=sha256:40b107342c492725bc7aacbe93a49945445191ae364184a6d24fedb28172f6f7
-  FROM debian@$BOOKWORM_SLIM_SHA as libcgroup-builder
+  #
+  FROM debian:bookworm-slim as libcgroup-builder
  ENV LIBCGROUP_VERSION=v2.0.3

  RUN set -exu \
--- a/compute/vm-image-spec-bullseye.yaml
+++ b/compute/vm-image-spec-bullseye.yaml
@@ -47,9 +47,7 @@ files:
      # Allow postgres user (which is what compute_ctl runs as) to run /neonvm/bin/resize-swap
      # and /neonvm/bin/set-disk-quota as root without requiring entering a password (NOPASSWD),
      # regardless of hostname (ALL)
-      #
-      # Also allow it to shut down the VM. The fast_import job does that when it's finished.
-      postgres ALL=(root) NOPASSWD: /neonvm/bin/resize-swap, /neonvm/bin/set-disk-quota, /neonvm/bin/poweroff
+      postgres ALL=(root) NOPASSWD: /neonvm/bin/resize-swap, /neonvm/bin/set-disk-quota
  - filename: cgconfig.conf
    content: |
      # Configuration for cgroups in VM compute nodes
@@ -70,8 +68,7 @@ build: |
  # At time of writing (2023-03-14), debian bullseye has a version of cgroup-tools (technically
  # libcgroup) that doesn't support cgroup v2 (version 0.41-11). Unfortunately, the vm-monitor
  # requires cgroup v2, so we'll build cgroup-tools ourselves.
-  ARG BULLSEYE_SLIM_SHA=sha256:e831d9a884d63734fe3dd9c491ed9a5a3d4c6a6d32c5b14f2067357c49b0b7e1
-  FROM debian@$BULLSEYE_SLIM_SHA as libcgroup-builder
+  FROM debian:bullseye-slim as libcgroup-builder
  ENV LIBCGROUP_VERSION=v2.0.3

  RUN set -exu \
--- a/compute_tools/Cargo.toml
+++ b/compute_tools/Cargo.toml
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ base64.workspace = true
 aws-config.workspace = true
 aws-sdk-s3.workspace = true
 aws-sdk-kms.workspace = true
-aws-smithy-types.workspace = true
 anyhow.workspace = true
 axum = { workspace = true, features = [] }
 camino.workspace = true
@@ -47,12 +46,13 @@ tokio-postgres.workspace = true
 tokio-util.workspace = true
 tokio-stream.workspace = true
 tracing.workspace = true
+tracing-opentelemetry.workspace = true
 tracing-subscriber.workspace = true
 tracing-utils.workspace = true
 thiserror.workspace = true
 url.workspace = true
 uuid.workspace = true
-walkdir.workspace = true
+prometheus.workspace = true

 postgres_initdb.workspace = true
 compute_api.workspace = true
--- a/compute_tools/src/bin/compute_ctl.rs
+++ b/compute_tools/src/bin/compute_ctl.rs
@@ -34,7 +34,6 @@
 //!             -r http://pg-ext-s3-gateway \
 //! ```
 use std::collections::HashMap;
-use std::ffi::OsString;
 use std::fs::File;
 use std::path::Path;
 use std::process::exit;
@@ -45,16 +44,15 @@ use std::{thread, time::Duration};

 use anyhow::{Context, Result};
 use chrono::Utc;
-use clap::Parser;
+use clap::Arg;
 use compute_tools::disk_quota::set_disk_quota;
-use compute_tools::http::server::Server;
 use compute_tools::lsn_lease::launch_lsn_lease_bg_task_for_static;
 use signal_hook::consts::{SIGQUIT, SIGTERM};
 use signal_hook::{consts::SIGINT, iterator::Signals};
 use tracing::{error, info, warn};
 use url::Url;

-use compute_api::responses::{ComputeCtlConfig, ComputeStatus};
+use compute_api::responses::ComputeStatus;
 use compute_api::spec::ComputeSpec;

 use compute_tools::compute::{
@@ -62,6 +60,7 @@ use compute_tools::compute::{
 };
 use compute_tools::configurator::launch_configurator;
 use compute_tools::extension_server::get_pg_version_string;
+use compute_tools::http::launch_http_server;
 use compute_tools::logger::*;
 use compute_tools::monitor::launch_monitor;
 use compute_tools::params::*;
@@ -74,94 +73,11 @@ use utils::failpoint_support;
 // in-case of not-set environment var
 const BUILD_TAG_DEFAULT: &str = "latest";

-// Compatibility hack: if the control plane specified any remote-ext-config
-// use the default value for extension storage proxy gateway.
-// Remove this once the control plane is updated to pass the gateway URL
-fn parse_remote_ext_config(arg: &str) -> Result<String> {
-    if arg.starts_with("http") {
-        Ok(arg.trim_end_matches('/').to_string())
-    } else {
-        Ok("http://pg-ext-s3-gateway".to_string())
-    }
-}
-
-#[derive(Parser)]
-#[command(rename_all = "kebab-case")]
-struct Cli {
-    #[arg(short = 'b', long, default_value = "postgres", env = "POSTGRES_PATH")]
-    pub pgbin: String,
-
-    #[arg(short = 'r', long, value_parser = parse_remote_ext_config)]
-    pub remote_ext_config: Option<String>,
-
-    /// The port to bind the external listening HTTP server to. Clients running
-    /// outside the compute will talk to the compute through this port. Keep
-    /// the previous name for this argument around for a smoother release
-    /// with the control plane.
-    #[arg(long, default_value_t = 3080)]
-    pub external_http_port: u16,
-
-    /// The port to bind the internal listening HTTP server to. Clients include
-    /// the neon extension (for installing remote extensions) and local_proxy.
-    #[arg(long, default_value_t = 3081)]
-    pub internal_http_port: u16,
-
-    #[arg(short = 'D', long, value_name = "DATADIR")]
-    pub pgdata: String,
-
-    #[arg(short = 'C', long, value_name = "DATABASE_URL")]
-    pub connstr: String,
-
-    #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
-    #[arg(long, default_value = "neon-postgres")]
-    pub cgroup: String,
-
-    #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
-    #[arg(
-        long,
-        default_value = "host=localhost port=5432 dbname=postgres user=cloud_admin sslmode=disable application_name=vm-monitor"
-    )]
-    pub filecache_connstr: String,
-
-    #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
-    #[arg(long, default_value = "0.0.0.0:10301")]
-    pub vm_monitor_addr: String,
-
-    #[arg(long, action = clap::ArgAction::SetTrue)]
-    pub resize_swap_on_bind: bool,
-
-    #[arg(long)]
-    pub set_disk_quota_for_fs: Option<String>,
-
-    #[arg(short = 's', long = "spec", group = "spec")]
-    pub spec_json: Option<String>,
-
-    #[arg(short = 'S', long, group = "spec-path")]
-    pub spec_path: Option<OsString>,
-
-    #[arg(short = 'i', long, group = "compute-id")]
-    pub compute_id: String,
-
-    #[arg(short = 'p', long, conflicts_with_all = ["spec", "spec-path"], value_name = "CONTROL_PLANE_API_BASE_URL")]
-    pub control_plane_uri: Option<String>,
-}
-
 fn main() -> Result<()> {
-    let cli = Cli::parse();
-
-    // For historical reasons, the main thread that processes the spec and launches postgres
-    // is synchronous, but we always have this tokio runtime available and we "enter" it so
-    // that you can use tokio::spawn() and tokio::runtime::Handle::current().block_on(...)
-    // from all parts of compute_ctl.
-    let runtime = tokio::runtime::Builder::new_multi_thread()
-        .enable_all()
-        .build()?;
-    let _rt_guard = runtime.enter();
-
-    let build_tag = runtime.block_on(init())?;
-
    let scenario = failpoint_support::init();

+    let (build_tag, clap_args) = init()?;
+
    // enable core dumping for all child processes
    setrlimit(Resource::CORE, rlimit::INFINITY, rlimit::INFINITY)?;

@@ -169,11 +85,13 @@ fn main() -> Result<()> {
        // Enter startup tracing context
        let _startup_context_guard = startup_context_from_env();

-        let cli_spec = try_spec_from_cli(&cli)?;
+        let cli_args = process_cli(&clap_args)?;

-        let compute = wait_spec(build_tag, &cli, cli_spec)?;
+        let cli_spec = try_spec_from_cli(&clap_args, &cli_args)?;

-        start_postgres(&cli, compute)?
+        let wait_spec_result = wait_spec(build_tag, cli_args, cli_spec)?;
+
+        start_postgres(&clap_args, wait_spec_result)?

        // Startup is finished, exit the startup tracing span
    };
@@ -190,8 +108,8 @@ fn main() -> Result<()> {
    deinit_and_exit(wait_pg_result);
 }

-async fn init() -> Result<String> {
-    init_tracing_and_logging(DEFAULT_LOG_LEVEL).await?;
+fn init() -> Result<(String, clap::ArgMatches)> {
+    init_tracing_and_logging(DEFAULT_LOG_LEVEL)?;

    let mut signals = Signals::new([SIGINT, SIGTERM, SIGQUIT])?;
    thread::spawn(move || {
@@ -205,7 +123,66 @@ async fn init() -> Result<String> {
        .to_string();
    info!("build_tag: {build_tag}");

-    Ok(build_tag)
+    Ok((build_tag, cli().get_matches()))
+}
+
+fn process_cli(matches: &clap::ArgMatches) -> Result<ProcessCliResult> {
+    let pgbin_default = "postgres";
+    let pgbin = matches
+        .get_one::<String>("pgbin")
+        .map(|s| s.as_str())
+        .unwrap_or(pgbin_default);
+
+    let ext_remote_storage = matches
+        .get_one::<String>("remote-ext-config")
+        // Compatibility hack: if the control plane specified any remote-ext-config
+        // use the default value for extension storage proxy gateway.
+        // Remove this once the control plane is updated to pass the gateway URL
+        .map(|conf| {
+            if conf.starts_with("http") {
+                conf.trim_end_matches('/')
+            } else {
+                "http://pg-ext-s3-gateway"
+            }
+        });
+
+    let http_port = *matches
+        .get_one::<u16>("http-port")
+        .expect("http-port is required");
+    let pgdata = matches
+        .get_one::<String>("pgdata")
+        .expect("PGDATA path is required");
+    let connstr = matches
+        .get_one::<String>("connstr")
+        .expect("Postgres connection string is required");
+    let spec_json = matches.get_one::<String>("spec");
+    let spec_path = matches.get_one::<String>("spec-path");
+    let resize_swap_on_bind = matches.get_flag("resize-swap-on-bind");
+    let set_disk_quota_for_fs = matches.get_one::<String>("set-disk-quota-for-fs");
+
+    Ok(ProcessCliResult {
+        connstr,
+        pgdata,
+        pgbin,
+        ext_remote_storage,
+        http_port,
+        spec_json,
+        spec_path,
+        resize_swap_on_bind,
+        set_disk_quota_for_fs,
+    })
+}
+
+struct ProcessCliResult<'clap> {
+    connstr: &'clap str,
+    pgdata: &'clap str,
+    pgbin: &'clap str,
+    ext_remote_storage: Option<&'clap str>,
+    http_port: u16,
+    spec_json: Option<&'clap String>,
+    spec_path: Option<&'clap String>,
+    resize_swap_on_bind: bool,
+    set_disk_quota_for_fs: Option<&'clap String>,
 }

 fn startup_context_from_env() -> Option<opentelemetry::ContextGuard> {
@@ -258,35 +235,48 @@ fn startup_context_from_env() -> Option<opentelemetry::ContextGuard> {
    }
 }

-fn try_spec_from_cli(cli: &Cli) -> Result<CliSpecParams> {
+fn try_spec_from_cli(
+    matches: &clap::ArgMatches,
+    ProcessCliResult {
+        spec_json,
+        spec_path,
+        ..
+    }: &ProcessCliResult,
+) -> Result<CliSpecParams> {
+    let compute_id = matches.get_one::<String>("compute-id");
+    let control_plane_uri = matches.get_one::<String>("control-plane-uri");
+
    // First, try to get cluster spec from the cli argument
-    if let Some(ref spec_json) = cli.spec_json {
+    if let Some(spec_json) = spec_json {
        info!("got spec from cli argument {}", spec_json);
        return Ok(CliSpecParams {
            spec: Some(serde_json::from_str(spec_json)?),
-            compute_ctl_config: ComputeCtlConfig::default(),
            live_config_allowed: false,
        });
    }

    // Second, try to read it from the file if path is provided
-    if let Some(ref spec_path) = cli.spec_path {
+    if let Some(spec_path) = spec_path {
        let file = File::open(Path::new(spec_path))?;
        return Ok(CliSpecParams {
            spec: Some(serde_json::from_reader(file)?),
-            compute_ctl_config: ComputeCtlConfig::default(),
            live_config_allowed: true,
        });
    }

-    if cli.control_plane_uri.is_none() {
-        panic!("must specify --control-plane-uri");
+    let Some(compute_id) = compute_id else {
+        panic!(
+            "compute spec should be provided by one of the following ways: \
+                --spec OR --spec-path OR --control-plane-uri and --compute-id"
+        );
+    };
+    let Some(control_plane_uri) = control_plane_uri else {
+        panic!("must specify both --control-plane-uri and --compute-id or none");
    };

-    match get_spec_from_control_plane(cli.control_plane_uri.as_ref().unwrap(), &cli.compute_id) {
-        Ok(resp) => Ok(CliSpecParams {
-            spec: resp.0,
-            compute_ctl_config: resp.1,
+    match get_spec_from_control_plane(control_plane_uri, compute_id) {
+        Ok(spec) => Ok(CliSpecParams {
+            spec,
            live_config_allowed: true,
        }),
        Err(e) => {
@@ -303,20 +293,26 @@ fn try_spec_from_cli(cli: &Cli) -> Result<CliSpecParams> {
 struct CliSpecParams {
    /// If a spec was provided via CLI or file, the [`ComputeSpec`]
    spec: Option<ComputeSpec>,
-    #[allow(dead_code)]
-    compute_ctl_config: ComputeCtlConfig,
    live_config_allowed: bool,
 }

 fn wait_spec(
    build_tag: String,
-    cli: &Cli,
+    ProcessCliResult {
+        connstr,
+        pgdata,
+        pgbin,
+        ext_remote_storage,
+        resize_swap_on_bind,
+        set_disk_quota_for_fs,
+        http_port,
+        ..
+    }: ProcessCliResult,
    CliSpecParams {
        spec,
        live_config_allowed,
-        compute_ctl_config: _,
    }: CliSpecParams,
-) -> Result<Arc<ComputeNode>> {
+) -> Result<WaitSpecResult> {
    let mut new_state = ComputeState::new();
    let spec_set;

@@ -328,25 +324,23 @@ fn wait_spec(
    } else {
        spec_set = false;
    }
-    let connstr = Url::parse(&cli.connstr).context("cannot parse connstr as a URL")?;
+    let connstr = Url::parse(connstr).context("cannot parse connstr as a URL")?;
    let conn_conf = postgres::config::Config::from_str(connstr.as_str())
        .context("cannot build postgres config from connstr")?;
    let tokio_conn_conf = tokio_postgres::config::Config::from_str(connstr.as_str())
        .context("cannot build tokio postgres config from connstr")?;
    let compute_node = ComputeNode {
-        compute_id: cli.compute_id.clone(),
        connstr,
        conn_conf,
        tokio_conn_conf,
-        pgdata: cli.pgdata.clone(),
-        pgbin: cli.pgbin.clone(),
-        pgversion: get_pg_version_string(&cli.pgbin),
-        external_http_port: cli.external_http_port,
-        internal_http_port: cli.internal_http_port,
+        pgdata: pgdata.to_string(),
+        pgbin: pgbin.to_string(),
+        pgversion: get_pg_version_string(pgbin),
+        http_port,
        live_config_allowed,
        state: Mutex::new(new_state),
        state_changed: Condvar::new(),
-        ext_remote_storage: cli.remote_ext_config.clone(),
+        ext_remote_storage: ext_remote_storage.map(|s| s.to_string()),
        ext_download_progress: RwLock::new(HashMap::new()),
        build_tag,
    };
@@ -360,13 +354,10 @@ fn wait_spec(
        compute.prewarm_postgres()?;
    }

-    // Launch the external HTTP server first, so that we can serve control plane
-    // requests while configuration is still in progress.
-    Server::External(cli.external_http_port).launch(&compute);
-
-    // The internal HTTP server could be launched later, but there isn't much
-    // sense in waiting.
-    Server::Internal(cli.internal_http_port).launch(&compute);
+    // Launch http service first, so that we can serve control-plane requests
+    // while configuration is still in progress.
+    let _http_handle =
+        launch_http_server(http_port, &compute).expect("cannot launch http endpoint thread");

    if !spec_set {
        // No spec provided, hang waiting for it.
@@ -398,12 +389,27 @@ fn wait_spec(

    launch_lsn_lease_bg_task_for_static(&compute);

-    Ok(compute)
+    Ok(WaitSpecResult {
+        compute,
+        resize_swap_on_bind,
+        set_disk_quota_for_fs: set_disk_quota_for_fs.cloned(),
+    })
+}
+
+struct WaitSpecResult {
+    compute: Arc<ComputeNode>,
+    resize_swap_on_bind: bool,
+    set_disk_quota_for_fs: Option<String>,
 }

 fn start_postgres(
-    cli: &Cli,
-    compute: Arc<ComputeNode>,
+    // need to allow unused because `matches` is only used if target_os = "linux"
+    #[allow(unused_variables)] matches: &clap::ArgMatches,
+    WaitSpecResult {
+        compute,
+        resize_swap_on_bind,
+        set_disk_quota_for_fs,
+    }: WaitSpecResult,
 ) -> Result<(Option<PostgresHandle>, StartPostgresResult)> {
    // We got all we need, update the state.
    let mut state = compute.state.lock().unwrap();
@@ -431,7 +437,7 @@ fn start_postgres(
    let mut delay_exit = false;

    // Resize swap to the desired size if the compute spec says so
-    if let (Some(size_bytes), true) = (swap_size_bytes, cli.resize_swap_on_bind) {
+    if let (Some(size_bytes), true) = (swap_size_bytes, resize_swap_on_bind) {
        // To avoid 'swapoff' hitting postgres startup, we need to run resize-swap to completion
        // *before* starting postgres.
        //
@@ -458,9 +464,9 @@ fn start_postgres(

    // Set disk quota if the compute spec says so
    if let (Some(disk_quota_bytes), Some(disk_quota_fs_mountpoint)) =
-        (disk_quota_bytes, cli.set_disk_quota_for_fs.as_ref())
+        (disk_quota_bytes, set_disk_quota_for_fs)
    {
-        match set_disk_quota(disk_quota_bytes, disk_quota_fs_mountpoint) {
+        match set_disk_quota(disk_quota_bytes, &disk_quota_fs_mountpoint) {
            Ok(()) => {
                let size_mib = disk_quota_bytes as f32 / (1 << 20) as f32; // just for more coherent display.
                info!(%disk_quota_bytes, %size_mib, "set disk quota");
@@ -503,6 +509,27 @@ fn start_postgres(
        if #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] {
            use std::env;
            use tokio_util::sync::CancellationToken;
+            let vm_monitor_addr = matches
+                .get_one::<String>("vm-monitor-addr")
+                .expect("--vm-monitor-addr should always be set because it has a default arg");
+            let file_cache_connstr = matches.get_one::<String>("filecache-connstr");
+            let cgroup = matches.get_one::<String>("cgroup");
+
+            // Only make a runtime if we need to.
+            // Note: it seems like you can make a runtime in an inner scope and
+            // if you start a task in it it won't be dropped. However, make it
+            // in the outermost scope just to be safe.
+            let rt = if env::var_os("AUTOSCALING").is_some() {
+                Some(
+                    tokio::runtime::Builder::new_multi_thread()
+                        .worker_threads(4)
+                        .enable_all()
+                        .build()
+                        .expect("failed to create tokio runtime for monitor")
+                )
+            } else {
+                None
+            };

            // This token is used internally by the monitor to clean up all threads
            let token = CancellationToken::new();
@@ -511,22 +538,19 @@ fn start_postgres(
            let pgconnstr = if disable_lfc_resizing.unwrap_or(false) {
                None
            } else {
-                Some(cli.filecache_connstr.clone())
+                file_cache_connstr.cloned()
            };

-            let vm_monitor = if env::var_os("AUTOSCALING").is_some() {
-                let vm_monitor = tokio::spawn(vm_monitor::start(
+            let vm_monitor = rt.as_ref().map(|rt| {
+                rt.spawn(vm_monitor::start(
                    Box::leak(Box::new(vm_monitor::Args {
-                        cgroup: Some(cli.cgroup.clone()),
+                        cgroup: cgroup.cloned(),
                        pgconnstr,
-                        addr: cli.vm_monitor_addr.clone(),
+                        addr: vm_monitor_addr.clone(),
                    })),
                    token.clone(),
-                ));
-                Some(vm_monitor)
-            } else {
-                None
-            };
+                ))
+            });
        }
    }

@@ -536,6 +560,8 @@ fn start_postgres(
            delay_exit,
            compute,
            #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+            rt,
+            #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
            token,
            #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
            vm_monitor,
@@ -543,13 +569,15 @@ fn start_postgres(
    ))
 }

-type PostgresHandle = (std::process::Child, tokio::task::JoinHandle<Result<()>>);
+type PostgresHandle = (std::process::Child, std::thread::JoinHandle<()>);

 struct StartPostgresResult {
    delay_exit: bool,
    // passed through from WaitSpecResult
    compute: Arc<ComputeNode>,

+    #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+    rt: Option<tokio::runtime::Runtime>,
    #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
    token: tokio_util::sync::CancellationToken,
    #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
@@ -568,10 +596,10 @@ fn wait_postgres(pg: Option<PostgresHandle>) -> Result<WaitPostgresResult> {
            .expect("failed to start waiting on Postgres process");
        PG_PID.store(0, Ordering::SeqCst);

-        // Process has exited. Wait for the log collecting task to finish.
-        let _ = tokio::runtime::Handle::current()
-            .block_on(logs_handle)
-            .map_err(|e| tracing::error!("log task panicked: {:?}", e));
+        // Process has exited, so we can join the logs thread.
+        let _ = logs_handle
+            .join()
+            .map_err(|e| tracing::error!("log thread panicked: {:?}", e));

        info!("Postgres exited with code {}, shutting down", ecode);
        exit_code = ecode.code()
@@ -592,6 +620,8 @@ fn cleanup_after_postgres_exit(
        vm_monitor,
        #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
        token,
+        #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+        rt,
    }: StartPostgresResult,
 ) -> Result<bool> {
    // Terminate the vm_monitor so it releases the file watcher on
@@ -604,6 +634,10 @@ fn cleanup_after_postgres_exit(
                token.cancel();
                // Kills the actual task running the monitor
                handle.abort();
+
+                // If handle is some, rt must have been used to produce it, and
+                // hence is also some
+                rt.unwrap().shutdown_timeout(Duration::from_secs(2));
            }
        }
    }
@@ -668,6 +702,105 @@ fn deinit_and_exit(WaitPostgresResult { exit_code }: WaitPostgresResult) -> ! {
    exit(exit_code.unwrap_or(1))
 }

+fn cli() -> clap::Command {
+    // Env variable is set by `cargo`
+    let version = option_env!("CARGO_PKG_VERSION").unwrap_or("unknown");
+    clap::Command::new("compute_ctl")
+        .version(version)
+        .arg(
+            Arg::new("http-port")
+                .long("http-port")
+                .value_name("HTTP_PORT")
+                .default_value("3080")
+                .value_parser(clap::value_parser!(u16))
+                .required(false),
+        )
+        .arg(
+            Arg::new("connstr")
+                .short('C')
+                .long("connstr")
+                .value_name("DATABASE_URL")
+                .required(true),
+        )
+        .arg(
+            Arg::new("pgdata")
+                .short('D')
+                .long("pgdata")
+                .value_name("DATADIR")
+                .required(true),
+        )
+        .arg(
+            Arg::new("pgbin")
+                .short('b')
+                .long("pgbin")
+                .default_value("postgres")
+                .value_name("POSTGRES_PATH"),
+        )
+        .arg(
+            Arg::new("spec")
+                .short('s')
+                .long("spec")
+                .value_name("SPEC_JSON"),
+        )
+        .arg(
+            Arg::new("spec-path")
+                .short('S')
+                .long("spec-path")
+                .value_name("SPEC_PATH"),
+        )
+        .arg(
+            Arg::new("compute-id")
+                .short('i')
+                .long("compute-id")
+                .value_name("COMPUTE_ID"),
+        )
+        .arg(
+            Arg::new("control-plane-uri")
+                .short('p')
+                .long("control-plane-uri")
+                .value_name("CONTROL_PLANE_API_BASE_URI"),
+        )
+        .arg(
+            Arg::new("remote-ext-config")
+                .short('r')
+                .long("remote-ext-config")
+                .value_name("REMOTE_EXT_CONFIG"),
+        )
+        // TODO(fprasx): we currently have default arguments because the cloud PR
+        // to pass them in hasn't been merged yet. We should get rid of them once
+        // the PR is merged.
+        .arg(
+            Arg::new("vm-monitor-addr")
+                .long("vm-monitor-addr")
+                .default_value("0.0.0.0:10301")
+                .value_name("VM_MONITOR_ADDR"),
+        )
+        .arg(
+            Arg::new("cgroup")
+                .long("cgroup")
+                .default_value("neon-postgres")
+                .value_name("CGROUP"),
+        )
+        .arg(
+            Arg::new("filecache-connstr")
+                .long("filecache-connstr")
+                .default_value(
+                    "host=localhost port=5432 dbname=postgres user=cloud_admin sslmode=disable application_name=vm-monitor",
+                )
+                .value_name("FILECACHE_CONNSTR"),
+        )
+        .arg(
+            Arg::new("resize-swap-on-bind")
+                .long("resize-swap-on-bind")
+                .action(clap::ArgAction::SetTrue),
+        )
+        .arg(
+            Arg::new("set-disk-quota-for-fs")
+                .long("set-disk-quota-for-fs")
+                .value_name("SET_DISK_QUOTA_FOR_FS")
+        )
+}
+
 /// When compute_ctl is killed, send also termination signal to sync-safekeepers
 /// to prevent leakage. TODO: it is better to convert compute_ctl to async and
 /// wait for termination which would be easy then.
@@ -677,14 +810,7 @@ fn handle_exit_signal(sig: i32) {
    exit(1);
 }

-#[cfg(test)]
-mod test {
-    use clap::CommandFactory;
-
-    use super::Cli;
-
-    #[test]
-    fn verify_cli() {
-        Cli::command().debug_assert()
-    }
+#[test]
+fn verify_cli() {
+    cli().debug_assert()
 }
--- a/compute_tools/src/bin/fast_import.rs
+++ b/compute_tools/src/bin/fast_import.rs
@@ -25,10 +25,10 @@
 //! docker push localhost:3030/localregistry/compute-node-v14:latest
 //! ```

-use anyhow::{bail, Context};
+use anyhow::Context;
 use aws_config::BehaviorVersion;
 use camino::{Utf8Path, Utf8PathBuf};
-use clap::{Parser, Subcommand};
+use clap::Parser;
 use compute_tools::extension_server::{get_pg_version, PostgresMajorVersion};
 use nix::unistd::Pid;
 use tracing::{error, info, info_span, warn, Instrument};
@@ -44,59 +44,22 @@ mod s3_uri;
 const PG_WAIT_TIMEOUT: std::time::Duration = std::time::Duration::from_secs(600);
 const PG_WAIT_RETRY_INTERVAL: std::time::Duration = std::time::Duration::from_millis(300);

-#[derive(Subcommand, Debug)]
-enum Command {
-    /// Runs local postgres (neon binary), restores into it,
-    /// uploads pgdata to s3 to be consumed by pageservers
-    Pgdata {
-        /// Raw connection string to the source database. Used only in tests,
-        /// real scenario uses encrypted connection string in spec.json from s3.
-        #[clap(long)]
-        source_connection_string: Option<String>,
-        /// If specified, will not shut down the local postgres after the import. Used in local testing
-        #[clap(short, long)]
-        interactive: bool,
-        /// Port to run postgres on. Default is 5432.
-        #[clap(long, default_value_t = 5432)]
-        pg_port: u16, // port to run postgres on, 5432 is default
-
-        /// Number of CPUs in the system. This is used to configure # of
-        /// parallel worker processes, for index creation.
-        #[clap(long, env = "NEON_IMPORTER_NUM_CPUS")]
-        num_cpus: Option<usize>,
-
-        /// Amount of RAM in the system. This is used to configure shared_buffers
-        /// and maintenance_work_mem.
-        #[clap(long, env = "NEON_IMPORTER_MEMORY_MB")]
-        memory_mb: Option<usize>,
-    },
-
-    /// Runs pg_dump-pg_restore from source to destination without running local postgres.
-    DumpRestore {
-        /// Raw connection string to the source database. Used only in tests,
-        /// real scenario uses encrypted connection string in spec.json from s3.
-        #[clap(long)]
-        source_connection_string: Option<String>,
-        /// Raw connection string to the destination database. Used only in tests,
-        /// real scenario uses encrypted connection string in spec.json from s3.
-        #[clap(long)]
-        destination_connection_string: Option<String>,
-    },
-}
-
 #[derive(clap::Parser)]
 struct Args {
-    #[clap(long, env = "NEON_IMPORTER_WORKDIR")]
+    #[clap(long)]
    working_directory: Utf8PathBuf,
    #[clap(long, env = "NEON_IMPORTER_S3_PREFIX")]
    s3_prefix: Option<s3_uri::S3Uri>,
-    #[clap(long, env = "NEON_IMPORTER_PG_BIN_DIR")]
+    #[clap(long)]
+    source_connection_string: Option<String>,
+    #[clap(short, long)]
+    interactive: bool,
+    #[clap(long)]
    pg_bin_dir: Utf8PathBuf,
-    #[clap(long, env = "NEON_IMPORTER_PG_LIB_DIR")]
+    #[clap(long)]
    pg_lib_dir: Utf8PathBuf,
-
-    #[clap(subcommand)]
-    command: Command,
+    #[clap(long)]
+    pg_port: Option<u16>, // port to run postgres on, 5432 is default
 }

 #[serde_with::serde_as]
@@ -105,8 +68,6 @@ struct Spec {
    encryption_secret: EncryptionSecret,
    #[serde_as(as = "serde_with::base64::Base64")]
    source_connstring_ciphertext_base64: Vec<u8>,
-    #[serde_as(as = "Option<serde_with::base64::Base64>")]
-    destination_connstring_ciphertext_base64: Option<Vec<u8>>,
 }

 #[derive(serde::Deserialize)]
@@ -122,150 +83,172 @@ const DEFAULT_LOCALE: &str = if cfg!(target_os = "macos") {
    "C.UTF-8"
 };

-async fn decode_connstring(
-    kms_client: &aws_sdk_kms::Client,
-    key_id: &String,
-    connstring_ciphertext_base64: Vec<u8>,
-) -> Result<String, anyhow::Error> {
-    let mut output = kms_client
-        .decrypt()
-        .key_id(key_id)
-        .ciphertext_blob(aws_sdk_s3::primitives::Blob::new(
-            connstring_ciphertext_base64,
-        ))
-        .send()
-        .await
-        .context("decrypt connection string")?;
+#[tokio::main]
+pub(crate) async fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    utils::logging::init(
+        utils::logging::LogFormat::Plain,
+        utils::logging::TracingErrorLayerEnablement::EnableWithRustLogFilter,
+        utils::logging::Output::Stdout,
+    )?;

-    let plaintext = output
-        .plaintext
-        .take()
-        .context("get plaintext connection string")?;
+    info!("starting");

-    String::from_utf8(plaintext.into_inner()).context("parse connection string as utf8")
-}
+    let args = Args::parse();

-struct PostgresProcess {
-    pgdata_dir: Utf8PathBuf,
-    pg_bin_dir: Utf8PathBuf,
-    pgbin: Utf8PathBuf,
-    pg_lib_dir: Utf8PathBuf,
-    postgres_proc: Option<tokio::process::Child>,
-}
-
-impl PostgresProcess {
-    fn new(pgdata_dir: Utf8PathBuf, pg_bin_dir: Utf8PathBuf, pg_lib_dir: Utf8PathBuf) -> Self {
-        Self {
-            pgdata_dir,
-            pgbin: pg_bin_dir.join("postgres"),
-            pg_bin_dir,
-            pg_lib_dir,
-            postgres_proc: None,
-        }
+    // Validate arguments
+    if args.s3_prefix.is_none() && args.source_connection_string.is_none() {
+        anyhow::bail!("either s3_prefix or source_connection_string must be specified");
+    }
+    if args.s3_prefix.is_some() && args.source_connection_string.is_some() {
+        anyhow::bail!("only one of s3_prefix or source_connection_string can be specified");
    }

-    async fn prepare(&self, initdb_user: &str) -> Result<(), anyhow::Error> {
-        tokio::fs::create_dir(&self.pgdata_dir)
-            .await
-            .context("create pgdata directory")?;
+    let working_directory = args.working_directory;
+    let pg_bin_dir = args.pg_bin_dir;
+    let pg_lib_dir = args.pg_lib_dir;
+    let pg_port = args.pg_port.unwrap_or_else(|| {
+        info!("pg_port not specified, using default 5432");
+        5432
+    });

-        let pg_version = match get_pg_version(self.pgbin.as_ref()) {
-            PostgresMajorVersion::V14 => 14,
-            PostgresMajorVersion::V15 => 15,
-            PostgresMajorVersion::V16 => 16,
-            PostgresMajorVersion::V17 => 17,
+    // Initialize AWS clients only if s3_prefix is specified
+    let (aws_config, kms_client) = if args.s3_prefix.is_some() {
+        let config = aws_config::load_defaults(BehaviorVersion::v2024_03_28()).await;
+        let kms = aws_sdk_kms::Client::new(&config);
+        (Some(config), Some(kms))
+    } else {
+        (None, None)
+    };
+
+    // Get source connection string either from S3 spec or direct argument
+    let source_connection_string = if let Some(s3_prefix) = &args.s3_prefix {
+        let spec: Spec = {
+            let spec_key = s3_prefix.append("/spec.json");
+            let s3_client = aws_sdk_s3::Client::new(aws_config.as_ref().unwrap());
+            let object = s3_client
+                .get_object()
+                .bucket(&spec_key.bucket)
+                .key(spec_key.key)
+                .send()
+                .await
+                .context("get spec from s3")?
+                .body
+                .collect()
+                .await
+                .context("download spec body")?;
+            serde_json::from_slice(&object.into_bytes()).context("parse spec as json")?
        };
-        postgres_initdb::do_run_initdb(postgres_initdb::RunInitdbArgs {
-            superuser: initdb_user,
-            locale: DEFAULT_LOCALE, // XXX: this shouldn't be hard-coded,
-            pg_version,
-            initdb_bin: self.pg_bin_dir.join("initdb").as_ref(),
-            library_search_path: &self.pg_lib_dir, // TODO: is this right? Prob works in compute image, not sure about neon_local.
-            pgdata: &self.pgdata_dir,
-        })
+
+        match spec.encryption_secret {
+            EncryptionSecret::KMS { key_id } => {
+                let mut output = kms_client
+                    .unwrap()
+                    .decrypt()
+                    .key_id(key_id)
+                    .ciphertext_blob(aws_sdk_s3::primitives::Blob::new(
+                        spec.source_connstring_ciphertext_base64,
+                    ))
+                    .send()
+                    .await
+                    .context("decrypt source connection string")?;
+                let plaintext = output
+                    .plaintext
+                    .take()
+                    .context("get plaintext source connection string")?;
+                String::from_utf8(plaintext.into_inner())
+                    .context("parse source connection string as utf8")?
+            }
+        }
+    } else {
+        args.source_connection_string.unwrap()
+    };
+
+    match tokio::fs::create_dir(&working_directory).await {
+        Ok(()) => {}
+        Err(e) if e.kind() == std::io::ErrorKind::AlreadyExists => {
+            if !is_directory_empty(&working_directory)
+                .await
+                .context("check if working directory is empty")?
+            {
+                anyhow::bail!("working directory is not empty");
+            } else {
+                // ok
+            }
+        }
+        Err(e) => return Err(anyhow::Error::new(e).context("create working directory")),
+    }
+
+    let pgdata_dir = working_directory.join("pgdata");
+    tokio::fs::create_dir(&pgdata_dir)
        .await
-        .context("initdb")
-    }
+        .context("create pgdata directory")?;

-    async fn start(
-        &mut self,
-        initdb_user: &str,
-        port: u16,
-        nproc: usize,
-        memory_mb: usize,
-    ) -> Result<&tokio::process::Child, anyhow::Error> {
-        self.prepare(initdb_user).await?;
+    let pgbin = pg_bin_dir.join("postgres");
+    let pg_version = match get_pg_version(pgbin.as_ref()) {
+        PostgresMajorVersion::V14 => 14,
+        PostgresMajorVersion::V15 => 15,
+        PostgresMajorVersion::V16 => 16,
+        PostgresMajorVersion::V17 => 17,
+    };
+    let superuser = "cloud_admin"; // XXX: this shouldn't be hard-coded
+    postgres_initdb::do_run_initdb(postgres_initdb::RunInitdbArgs {
+        superuser,
+        locale: DEFAULT_LOCALE, // XXX: this shouldn't be hard-coded,
+        pg_version,
+        initdb_bin: pg_bin_dir.join("initdb").as_ref(),
+        library_search_path: &pg_lib_dir, // TODO: is this right? Prob works in compute image, not sure about neon_local.
+        pgdata: &pgdata_dir,
+    })
+    .await
+    .context("initdb")?;

-        // Somewhat arbitrarily, use 10 % of memory for shared buffer cache, 70% for
-        // maintenance_work_mem (i.e. for sorting during index creation), and leave the rest
-        // available for misc other stuff that PostgreSQL uses memory for.
-        let shared_buffers_mb = ((memory_mb as f32) * 0.10) as usize;
-        let maintenance_work_mem_mb = ((memory_mb as f32) * 0.70) as usize;
+    let nproc = num_cpus::get();

-        //
-        // Launch postgres process
-        //
-        let mut proc = tokio::process::Command::new(&self.pgbin)
-            .arg("-D")
-            .arg(&self.pgdata_dir)
-            .args(["-p", &format!("{port}")])
-            .args(["-c", "wal_level=minimal"])
-            .args(["-c", &format!("shared_buffers={shared_buffers_mb}MB")])
-            .args(["-c", "max_wal_senders=0"])
-            .args(["-c", "fsync=off"])
-            .args(["-c", "full_page_writes=off"])
-            .args(["-c", "synchronous_commit=off"])
-            .args([
-                "-c",
-                &format!("maintenance_work_mem={maintenance_work_mem_mb}MB"),
-            ])
-            .args(["-c", &format!("max_parallel_maintenance_workers={nproc}")])
-            .args(["-c", &format!("max_parallel_workers={nproc}")])
-            .args(["-c", &format!("max_parallel_workers_per_gather={nproc}")])
-            .args(["-c", &format!("max_worker_processes={nproc}")])
-            .args(["-c", "effective_io_concurrency=100"])
-            .env_clear()
-            .env("LD_LIBRARY_PATH", &self.pg_lib_dir)
-            .env(
-                "ASAN_OPTIONS",
-                std::env::var("ASAN_OPTIONS").unwrap_or_default(),
-            )
-            .env(
-                "UBSAN_OPTIONS",
-                std::env::var("UBSAN_OPTIONS").unwrap_or_default(),
-            )
-            .stdout(std::process::Stdio::piped())
-            .stderr(std::process::Stdio::piped())
-            .spawn()
-            .context("spawn postgres")?;
+    //
+    // Launch postgres process
+    //
+    let mut postgres_proc = tokio::process::Command::new(pgbin)
+        .arg("-D")
+        .arg(&pgdata_dir)
+        .args(["-p", &format!("{pg_port}")])
+        .args(["-c", "wal_level=minimal"])
+        .args(["-c", "shared_buffers=10GB"])
+        .args(["-c", "max_wal_senders=0"])
+        .args(["-c", "fsync=off"])
+        .args(["-c", "full_page_writes=off"])
+        .args(["-c", "synchronous_commit=off"])
+        .args(["-c", "maintenance_work_mem=8388608"])
+        .args(["-c", &format!("max_parallel_maintenance_workers={nproc}")])
+        .args(["-c", &format!("max_parallel_workers={nproc}")])
+        .args(["-c", &format!("max_parallel_workers_per_gather={nproc}")])
+        .args(["-c", &format!("max_worker_processes={nproc}")])
+        .args([
+            "-c",
+            &format!(
+                "effective_io_concurrency={}",
+                if cfg!(target_os = "macos") { 0 } else { 100 }
+            ),
+        ])
+        .env_clear()
+        .env("LD_LIBRARY_PATH", &pg_lib_dir)
+        .stdout(std::process::Stdio::piped())
+        .stderr(std::process::Stdio::piped())
+        .spawn()
+        .context("spawn postgres")?;

-        info!("spawned postgres, waiting for it to become ready");
-        tokio::spawn(
-            child_stdio_to_log::relay_process_output(proc.stdout.take(), proc.stderr.take())
-                .instrument(info_span!("postgres")),
-        );
-
-        self.postgres_proc = Some(proc);
-        Ok(self.postgres_proc.as_ref().unwrap())
-    }
-
-    async fn shutdown(&mut self) -> Result<(), anyhow::Error> {
-        let proc: &mut tokio::process::Child = self.postgres_proc.as_mut().unwrap();
-        info!("shutdown postgres");
-        nix::sys::signal::kill(
-            Pid::from_raw(i32::try_from(proc.id().unwrap()).expect("convert child pid to i32")),
-            nix::sys::signal::SIGTERM,
+    info!("spawned postgres, waiting for it to become ready");
+    tokio::spawn(
+        child_stdio_to_log::relay_process_output(
+            postgres_proc.stdout.take(),
+            postgres_proc.stderr.take(),
        )
-        .context("signal postgres to shut down")?;
-        proc.wait()
-            .await
-            .context("wait for postgres to shut down")
-            .map(|_| ())
-    }
-}
+        .instrument(info_span!("postgres")),
+    );

-async fn wait_until_ready(connstring: String, create_dbname: String) {
    // Create neondb database in the running postgres
+    let restore_pg_connstring =
+        format!("host=localhost port={pg_port} user={superuser} dbname=postgres");
+
    let start_time = std::time::Instant::now();

    loop {
@@ -276,12 +259,7 @@ async fn wait_until_ready(connstring: String, create_dbname: String) {
            std::process::exit(1);
        }

-        match tokio_postgres::connect(
-            &connstring.replace("dbname=neondb", "dbname=postgres"),
-            tokio_postgres::NoTls,
-        )
-        .await
-        {
+        match tokio_postgres::connect(&restore_pg_connstring, tokio_postgres::NoTls).await {
            Ok((client, connection)) => {
                // Spawn the connection handling task to maintain the connection
                tokio::spawn(async move {
@@ -290,12 +268,9 @@ async fn wait_until_ready(connstring: String, create_dbname: String) {
                    }
                });

-                match client
-                    .simple_query(format!("CREATE DATABASE {create_dbname};").as_str())
-                    .await
-                {
+                match client.simple_query("CREATE DATABASE neondb;").await {
                    Ok(_) => {
-                        info!("created {} database", create_dbname);
+                        info!("created neondb database");
                        break;
                    }
                    Err(e) => {
@@ -319,16 +294,10 @@ async fn wait_until_ready(connstring: String, create_dbname: String) {
            }
        }
    }
-}

-async fn run_dump_restore(
-    workdir: Utf8PathBuf,
-    pg_bin_dir: Utf8PathBuf,
-    pg_lib_dir: Utf8PathBuf,
-    source_connstring: String,
-    destination_connstring: String,
-) -> Result<(), anyhow::Error> {
-    let dumpdir = workdir.join("dumpdir");
+    let restore_pg_connstring = restore_pg_connstring.replace("dbname=postgres", "dbname=neondb");
+
+    let dumpdir = working_directory.join("dumpdir");

    let common_args = [
        // schema mapping (prob suffices to specify them on one side)
@@ -357,18 +326,10 @@ async fn run_dump_restore(
            .arg("--no-sync")
            // POSITIONAL args
            // source db (db name included in connection string)
-            .arg(&source_connstring)
+            .arg(&source_connection_string)
            // how we run it
            .env_clear()
            .env("LD_LIBRARY_PATH", &pg_lib_dir)
-            .env(
-                "ASAN_OPTIONS",
-                std::env::var("ASAN_OPTIONS").unwrap_or_default(),
-            )
-            .env(
-                "UBSAN_OPTIONS",
-                std::env::var("UBSAN_OPTIONS").unwrap_or_default(),
-            )
            .kill_on_drop(true)
            .stdout(std::process::Stdio::piped())
            .stderr(std::process::Stdio::piped())
@@ -385,31 +346,24 @@ async fn run_dump_restore(
        let st = pg_dump.wait().await.context("wait for pg_dump")?;
        info!(status=?st, "pg_dump exited");
        if !st.success() {
-            error!(status=%st, "pg_dump failed, restore will likely fail as well");
-            bail!("pg_dump failed");
+            warn!(status=%st, "pg_dump failed, restore will likely fail as well");
        }
    }

-    // TODO: maybe do it in a streaming way, plenty of internal research done on this already
+    // TODO: do it in a streaming way, plenty of internal research done on this already
    // TODO: do the unlogged table trick
+
+    info!("restore from working directory into vanilla postgres");
    {
        let mut pg_restore = tokio::process::Command::new(pg_bin_dir.join("pg_restore"))
            .args(&common_args)
            .arg("-d")
-            .arg(&destination_connstring)
+            .arg(&restore_pg_connstring)
            // POSITIONAL args
            .arg(&dumpdir)
            // how we run it
            .env_clear()
            .env("LD_LIBRARY_PATH", &pg_lib_dir)
-            .env(
-                "ASAN_OPTIONS",
-                std::env::var("ASAN_OPTIONS").unwrap_or_default(),
-            )
-            .env(
-                "UBSAN_OPTIONS",
-                std::env::var("UBSAN_OPTIONS").unwrap_or_default(),
-            )
            .kill_on_drop(true)
            .stdout(std::process::Stdio::piped())
            .stderr(std::process::Stdio::piped())
@@ -427,259 +381,48 @@ async fn run_dump_restore(
        let st = pg_restore.wait().await.context("wait for pg_restore")?;
        info!(status=?st, "pg_restore exited");
        if !st.success() {
-            error!(status=%st, "pg_restore failed, restore will likely fail as well");
-            bail!("pg_restore failed");
+            warn!(status=%st, "pg_restore failed, restore will likely fail as well");
        }
    }

-    Ok(())
-}
-
-#[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
-async fn cmd_pgdata(
-    s3_client: Option<aws_sdk_s3::Client>,
-    kms_client: Option<aws_sdk_kms::Client>,
-    maybe_s3_prefix: Option<s3_uri::S3Uri>,
-    maybe_spec: Option<Spec>,
-    source_connection_string: Option<String>,
-    interactive: bool,
-    pg_port: u16,
-    workdir: Utf8PathBuf,
-    pg_bin_dir: Utf8PathBuf,
-    pg_lib_dir: Utf8PathBuf,
-    num_cpus: Option<usize>,
-    memory_mb: Option<usize>,
-) -> Result<(), anyhow::Error> {
-    if maybe_spec.is_none() && source_connection_string.is_none() {
-        bail!("spec must be provided for pgdata command");
-    }
-    if maybe_spec.is_some() && source_connection_string.is_some() {
-        bail!("only one of spec or source_connection_string can be provided");
-    }
-
-    let source_connection_string = if let Some(spec) = maybe_spec {
-        match spec.encryption_secret {
-            EncryptionSecret::KMS { key_id } => {
-                decode_connstring(
-                    kms_client.as_ref().unwrap(),
-                    &key_id,
-                    spec.source_connstring_ciphertext_base64,
-                )
-                .await?
-            }
-        }
-    } else {
-        source_connection_string.unwrap()
-    };
-
-    let superuser = "cloud_admin";
-    let destination_connstring = format!(
-        "host=localhost port={} user={} dbname=neondb",
-        pg_port, superuser
-    );
-
-    let pgdata_dir = workdir.join("pgdata");
-    let mut proc = PostgresProcess::new(pgdata_dir.clone(), pg_bin_dir.clone(), pg_lib_dir.clone());
-    let nproc = num_cpus.unwrap_or_else(num_cpus::get);
-    let memory_mb = memory_mb.unwrap_or(256);
-    proc.start(superuser, pg_port, nproc, memory_mb).await?;
-    wait_until_ready(destination_connstring.clone(), "neondb".to_string()).await;
-
-    run_dump_restore(
-        workdir.clone(),
-        pg_bin_dir,
-        pg_lib_dir,
-        source_connection_string,
-        destination_connstring,
-    )
-    .await?;
-
    // If interactive mode, wait for Ctrl+C
-    if interactive {
+    if args.interactive {
        info!("Running in interactive mode. Press Ctrl+C to shut down.");
        tokio::signal::ctrl_c().await.context("wait for ctrl-c")?;
    }

-    proc.shutdown().await?;
+    info!("shutdown postgres");
+    {
+        nix::sys::signal::kill(
+            Pid::from_raw(
+                i32::try_from(postgres_proc.id().unwrap()).expect("convert child pid to i32"),
+            ),
+            nix::sys::signal::SIGTERM,
+        )
+        .context("signal postgres to shut down")?;
+        postgres_proc
+            .wait()
+            .await
+            .context("wait for postgres to shut down")?;
+    }

    // Only sync if s3_prefix was specified
-    if let Some(s3_prefix) = maybe_s3_prefix {
+    if let Some(s3_prefix) = args.s3_prefix {
        info!("upload pgdata");
-        aws_s3_sync::upload_dir_recursive(
-            s3_client.as_ref().unwrap(),
-            Utf8Path::new(&pgdata_dir),
-            &s3_prefix.append("/pgdata/"),
-        )
-        .await
-        .context("sync dump directory to destination")?;
+        aws_s3_sync::sync(Utf8Path::new(&pgdata_dir), &s3_prefix.append("/pgdata/"))
+            .await
+            .context("sync dump directory to destination")?;

        info!("write status");
        {
-            let status_dir = workdir.join("status");
+            let status_dir = working_directory.join("status");
            std::fs::create_dir(&status_dir).context("create status directory")?;
            let status_file = status_dir.join("pgdata");
            std::fs::write(&status_file, serde_json::json!({"done": true}).to_string())
                .context("write status file")?;
-            aws_s3_sync::upload_dir_recursive(
-                s3_client.as_ref().unwrap(),
-                &status_dir,
-                &s3_prefix.append("/status/"),
-            )
-            .await
-            .context("sync status directory to destination")?;
-        }
-    }
-
-    Ok(())
-}
-
-async fn cmd_dumprestore(
-    kms_client: Option<aws_sdk_kms::Client>,
-    maybe_spec: Option<Spec>,
-    source_connection_string: Option<String>,
-    destination_connection_string: Option<String>,
-    workdir: Utf8PathBuf,
-    pg_bin_dir: Utf8PathBuf,
-    pg_lib_dir: Utf8PathBuf,
-) -> Result<(), anyhow::Error> {
-    let (source_connstring, destination_connstring) = if let Some(spec) = maybe_spec {
-        match spec.encryption_secret {
-            EncryptionSecret::KMS { key_id } => {
-                let source = decode_connstring(
-                    kms_client.as_ref().unwrap(),
-                    &key_id,
-                    spec.source_connstring_ciphertext_base64,
-                )
-                .await?;
-
-                let dest = if let Some(dest_ciphertext) =
-                    spec.destination_connstring_ciphertext_base64
-                {
-                    decode_connstring(kms_client.as_ref().unwrap(), &key_id, dest_ciphertext)
-                        .await?
-                } else {
-                    bail!("destination connection string must be provided in spec for dump_restore command");
-                };
-
-                (source, dest)
-            }
-        }
-    } else {
-        (
-            source_connection_string.unwrap(),
-            if let Some(val) = destination_connection_string {
-                val
-            } else {
-                bail!("destination connection string must be provided for dump_restore command");
-            },
-        )
-    };
-
-    run_dump_restore(
-        workdir,
-        pg_bin_dir,
-        pg_lib_dir,
-        source_connstring,
-        destination_connstring,
-    )
-    .await
-}
-
-#[tokio::main]
-pub(crate) async fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
-    utils::logging::init(
-        utils::logging::LogFormat::Json,
-        utils::logging::TracingErrorLayerEnablement::EnableWithRustLogFilter,
-        utils::logging::Output::Stdout,
-    )?;
-
-    info!("starting");
-
-    let args = Args::parse();
-
-    // Initialize AWS clients only if s3_prefix is specified
-    let (s3_client, kms_client) = if args.s3_prefix.is_some() {
-        let config = aws_config::load_defaults(BehaviorVersion::v2024_03_28()).await;
-        let s3_client = aws_sdk_s3::Client::new(&config);
-        let kms = aws_sdk_kms::Client::new(&config);
-        (Some(s3_client), Some(kms))
-    } else {
-        (None, None)
-    };
-
-    let spec: Option<Spec> = if let Some(s3_prefix) = &args.s3_prefix {
-        let spec_key = s3_prefix.append("/spec.json");
-        let object = s3_client
-            .as_ref()
-            .unwrap()
-            .get_object()
-            .bucket(&spec_key.bucket)
-            .key(spec_key.key)
-            .send()
-            .await
-            .context("get spec from s3")?
-            .body
-            .collect()
-            .await
-            .context("download spec body")?;
-        serde_json::from_slice(&object.into_bytes()).context("parse spec as json")?
-    } else {
-        None
-    };
-
-    match tokio::fs::create_dir(&args.working_directory).await {
-        Ok(()) => {}
-        Err(e) if e.kind() == std::io::ErrorKind::AlreadyExists => {
-            if !is_directory_empty(&args.working_directory)
+            aws_s3_sync::sync(&status_dir, &s3_prefix.append("/status/"))
                .await
-                .context("check if working directory is empty")?
-            {
-                bail!("working directory is not empty");
-            } else {
-                // ok
-            }
-        }
-        Err(e) => return Err(anyhow::Error::new(e).context("create working directory")),
-    }
-
-    match args.command {
-        Command::Pgdata {
-            source_connection_string,
-            interactive,
-            pg_port,
-            num_cpus,
-            memory_mb,
-        } => {
-            cmd_pgdata(
-                s3_client,
-                kms_client,
-                args.s3_prefix,
-                spec,
-                source_connection_string,
-                interactive,
-                pg_port,
-                args.working_directory,
-                args.pg_bin_dir,
-                args.pg_lib_dir,
-                num_cpus,
-                memory_mb,
-            )
-            .await?;
-        }
-        Command::DumpRestore {
-            source_connection_string,
-            destination_connection_string,
-        } => {
-            cmd_dumprestore(
-                kms_client,
-                spec,
-                source_connection_string,
-                destination_connection_string,
-                args.working_directory,
-                args.pg_bin_dir,
-                args.pg_lib_dir,
-            )
-            .await?;
+                .context("sync status directory to destination")?;
        }
    }

--- a/compute_tools/src/bin/fast_import/aws_s3_sync.rs
+++ b/compute_tools/src/bin/fast_import/aws_s3_sync.rs
@@ -1,102 +1,24 @@
-use camino::{Utf8Path, Utf8PathBuf};
-use tokio::task::JoinSet;
-use walkdir::WalkDir;
+use anyhow::Context;
+use camino::Utf8Path;

 use super::s3_uri::S3Uri;

-use tracing::{info, warn};
-
-const MAX_PARALLEL_UPLOADS: usize = 10;
-
-/// Upload all files from 'local' to 'remote'
-pub(crate) async fn upload_dir_recursive(
-    s3_client: &aws_sdk_s3::Client,
-    local: &Utf8Path,
-    remote: &S3Uri,
-) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
-    // Recursively scan directory
-    let mut dirwalker = WalkDir::new(local)
-        .into_iter()
-        .map(|entry| {
-            let entry = entry?;
-            let file_type = entry.file_type();
-            let path = <&Utf8Path>::try_from(entry.path())?.to_path_buf();
-            Ok((file_type, path))
-        })
-        .filter_map(|e: anyhow::Result<(std::fs::FileType, Utf8PathBuf)>| {
-            match e {
-                Ok((file_type, path)) if file_type.is_file() => Some(Ok(path)),
-                Ok((file_type, _path)) if file_type.is_dir() => {
-                    // The WalkDir iterator will recurse into directories, but we don't want
-                    // to do anything with directories as such. There's no concept of uploading
-                    // an empty directory to S3.
-                    None
-                }
-                Ok((file_type, path)) if file_type.is_symlink() => {
-                    // huh, didn't expect a symlink. Can't upload that to S3. Warn and skip.
-                    warn!("cannot upload symlink ({})", path);
-                    None
-                }
-                Ok((_file_type, path)) => {
-                    // should not happen
-                    warn!("directory entry has unexpected type ({})", path);
-                    None
-                }
-                Err(e) => Some(Err(e)),
-            }
-        });
-
-    // Spawn upload tasks for each file, keeping MAX_PARALLEL_UPLOADS active in
-    // parallel.
-    let mut joinset = JoinSet::new();
-    loop {
-        // Could we upload more?
-        while joinset.len() < MAX_PARALLEL_UPLOADS {
-            if let Some(full_local_path) = dirwalker.next() {
-                let full_local_path = full_local_path?;
-                let relative_local_path = full_local_path
-                    .strip_prefix(local)
-                    .expect("all paths start from the walkdir root");
-                let remote_path = remote.append(relative_local_path.as_str());
-                info!(
-                    "starting upload of {} to {}",
-                    &full_local_path, &remote_path
-                );
-                let upload_task = upload_file(s3_client.clone(), full_local_path, remote_path);
-                joinset.spawn(upload_task);
-            } else {
-                info!("draining upload tasks");
-                break;
-            }
-        }
-
-        // Wait for an upload to complete
-        if let Some(res) = joinset.join_next().await {
-            let _ = res?;
-        } else {
-            // all done!
-            break;
-        }
+pub(crate) async fn sync(local: &Utf8Path, remote: &S3Uri) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    let mut builder = tokio::process::Command::new("aws");
+    builder
+        .arg("s3")
+        .arg("sync")
+        .arg(local.as_str())
+        .arg(remote.to_string());
+    let st = builder
+        .spawn()
+        .context("spawn aws s3 sync")?
+        .wait()
+        .await
+        .context("wait for aws s3 sync")?;
+    if st.success() {
+        Ok(())
+    } else {
+        Err(anyhow::anyhow!("aws s3 sync failed"))
    }
-    Ok(())
-}
-
-pub(crate) async fn upload_file(
-    s3_client: aws_sdk_s3::Client,
-    local_path: Utf8PathBuf,
-    remote: S3Uri,
-) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
-    use aws_smithy_types::byte_stream::ByteStream;
-    let stream = ByteStream::from_path(&local_path).await?;
-
-    let _result = s3_client
-        .put_object()
-        .bucket(remote.bucket)
-        .key(&remote.key)
-        .body(stream)
-        .send()
-        .await?;
-    info!("upload of {} to {} finished", &local_path, &remote.key);
-
-    Ok(())
 }
--- a/compute_tools/src/catalog.rs
+++ b/compute_tools/src/catalog.rs
@@ -140,34 +140,5 @@ pub async fn get_database_schema(
            warn!("pg_dump stderr: {}", line)
        }
    });
-
-    #[allow(dead_code)]
-    struct SchemaStream<S> {
-        // We keep a reference to the child process to ensure it stays alive
-        // while the stream is being consumed. When SchemaStream is dropped,
-        // cmd will be dropped, which triggers kill_on_drop and terminates pg_dump
-        cmd: tokio::process::Child,
-        stream: S,
-    }
-
-    impl<S> Stream for SchemaStream<S>
-    where
-        S: Stream<Item = Result<bytes::Bytes, std::io::Error>> + Unpin,
-    {
-        type Item = Result<bytes::Bytes, std::io::Error>;
-
-        fn poll_next(
-            mut self: std::pin::Pin<&mut Self>,
-            cx: &mut std::task::Context<'_>,
-        ) -> std::task::Poll<Option<Self::Item>> {
-            Stream::poll_next(std::pin::Pin::new(&mut self.stream), cx)
-        }
-    }
-
-    let schema_stream = SchemaStream {
-        cmd,
-        stream: initial_stream.chain(stdout_reader.map(|res| res.map(|b| b.freeze()))),
-    };
-
-    Ok(schema_stream)
+    Ok(initial_stream.chain(stdout_reader.map(|res| res.map(|b| b.freeze()))))
 }
--- a/compute_tools/src/compute.rs
+++ b/compute_tools/src/compute.rs
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ use std::str::FromStr;
 use std::sync::atomic::AtomicU32;
 use std::sync::atomic::Ordering;
 use std::sync::{Arc, Condvar, Mutex, RwLock};
+use std::thread;
 use std::time::Duration;
 use std::time::Instant;

@@ -58,8 +59,6 @@ pub static PG_PID: AtomicU32 = AtomicU32::new(0);

 /// Compute node info shared across several `compute_ctl` threads.
 pub struct ComputeNode {
-    /// The ID of the compute
-    pub compute_id: String,
    // Url type maintains proper escaping
    pub connstr: url::Url,
    // We connect to Postgres from many different places, so build configs once
@@ -82,10 +81,8 @@ pub struct ComputeNode {
    /// - we push spec and it does configuration
    /// - but then it is restarted without any spec again
    pub live_config_allowed: bool,
-    /// The port that the compute's external HTTP server listens on
-    pub external_http_port: u16,
-    /// The port that the compute's internal HTTP server listens on
-    pub internal_http_port: u16,
+    /// The port that the compute's HTTP server listens on
+    pub http_port: u16,
    /// Volatile part of the `ComputeNode`, which should be used under `Mutex`.
    /// To allow HTTP API server to serving status requests, while configuration
    /// is in progress, lock should be held only for short periods of time to do
@@ -549,7 +546,11 @@ impl ComputeNode {
    pub fn check_safekeepers_synced(&self, compute_state: &ComputeState) -> Result<Option<Lsn>> {
        let start_time = Utc::now();

-        let rt = tokio::runtime::Handle::current();
+        // Run actual work with new tokio runtime
+        let rt = tokio::runtime::Builder::new_current_thread()
+            .enable_all()
+            .build()
+            .expect("failed to create rt");
        let result = rt.block_on(self.check_safekeepers_synced_async(compute_state));

        // Record runtime
@@ -596,9 +597,9 @@ impl ComputeNode {
        SYNC_SAFEKEEPERS_PID.store(0, Ordering::SeqCst);

        // Process has exited, so we can join the logs thread.
-        let _ = tokio::runtime::Handle::current()
-            .block_on(logs_handle)
-            .map_err(|e| tracing::error!("log task panicked: {:?}", e));
+        let _ = logs_handle
+            .join()
+            .map_err(|e| tracing::error!("log thread panicked: {:?}", e));

        if !sync_output.status.success() {
            anyhow::bail!(
@@ -633,7 +634,7 @@ impl ComputeNode {
        config::write_postgres_conf(
            &pgdata_path.join("postgresql.conf"),
            &pspec.spec,
-            self.internal_http_port,
+            self.http_port,
        )?;

        // Syncing safekeepers is only safe with primary nodes: if a primary
@@ -783,7 +784,7 @@ impl ComputeNode {
    pub fn start_postgres(
        &self,
        storage_auth_token: Option<String>,
-    ) -> Result<(std::process::Child, tokio::task::JoinHandle<Result<()>>)> {
+    ) -> Result<(std::process::Child, std::thread::JoinHandle<()>)> {
        let pgdata_path = Path::new(&self.pgdata);

        // Run postgres as a child process.
@@ -799,7 +800,7 @@ impl ComputeNode {
            .expect("cannot start postgres process");
        PG_PID.store(pg.id(), Ordering::SeqCst);

-        // Start a task to collect logs from stderr.
+        // Start a thread to collect logs from stderr.
        let stderr = pg.stderr.take().expect("stderr should be captured");
        let logs_handle = handle_postgres_logs(stderr);

@@ -808,28 +809,20 @@ impl ComputeNode {
        Ok((pg, logs_handle))
    }

-    /// Do post configuration of the already started Postgres. This function spawns a background task to
+    /// Do post configuration of the already started Postgres. This function spawns a background thread to
    /// configure the database after applying the compute spec. Currently, it upgrades the neon extension
    /// version. In the future, it may upgrade all 3rd-party extensions.
    #[instrument(skip_all)]
    pub fn post_apply_config(&self) -> Result<()> {
-        let conf = self.get_tokio_conn_conf(Some("compute_ctl:post_apply_config"));
-        tokio::spawn(async move {
-            let res = async {
-                let (mut client, connection) = conf.connect(NoTls).await?;
-                tokio::spawn(async move {
-                    if let Err(e) = connection.await {
-                        eprintln!("connection error: {}", e);
-                    }
-                });
-
+        let conf = self.get_conn_conf(Some("compute_ctl:post_apply_config"));
+        thread::spawn(move || {
+            let func = || {
+                let mut client = conf.connect(NoTls)?;
                handle_neon_extension_upgrade(&mut client)
-                    .await
                    .context("handle_neon_extension_upgrade")?;
                Ok::<_, anyhow::Error>(())
-            }
-            .await;
-            if let Err(err) = res {
+            };
+            if let Err(err) = func() {
                error!("error while post_apply_config: {err:#}");
            }
        });
@@ -926,10 +919,13 @@ impl ComputeNode {
        conf: Arc<tokio_postgres::Config>,
        concurrency: usize,
    ) -> Result<()> {
+        let rt = tokio::runtime::Builder::new_multi_thread()
+            .enable_all()
+            .build()?;
+
        info!("Applying config with max {} concurrency", concurrency);
        debug!("Config: {:?}", spec);

-        let rt = tokio::runtime::Handle::current();
        rt.block_on(async {
            // Proceed with post-startup configuration. Note, that order of operations is important.
            let client = Self::get_maintenance_client(&conf).await?;
@@ -1323,18 +1319,14 @@ impl ComputeNode {
        }

        // Run migrations separately to not hold up cold starts
-        tokio::spawn(async move {
-            let mut conf = conf.as_ref().clone();
+        thread::spawn(move || {
+            let conf = conf.as_ref().clone();
+            let mut conf = postgres::config::Config::from(conf);
            conf.application_name("compute_ctl:migrations");

-            match conf.connect(NoTls).await {
-                Ok((mut client, connection)) => {
-                    tokio::spawn(async move {
-                        if let Err(e) = connection.await {
-                            eprintln!("connection error: {}", e);
-                        }
-                    });
-                    if let Err(e) = handle_migrations(&mut client).await {
+            match conf.connect(NoTls) {
+                Ok(mut client) => {
+                    if let Err(e) = handle_migrations(&mut client) {
                        error!("Failed to run migrations: {}", e);
                    }
                }
@@ -1371,11 +1363,16 @@ impl ComputeNode {
        if let Some(ref pgbouncer_settings) = spec.pgbouncer_settings {
            info!("tuning pgbouncer");

-            // Spawn a background task to do the tuning,
+            let rt = tokio::runtime::Builder::new_current_thread()
+                .enable_all()
+                .build()
+                .expect("failed to create rt");
+
+            // Spawn a thread to do the tuning,
            // so that we don't block the main thread that starts Postgres.
            let pgbouncer_settings = pgbouncer_settings.clone();
-            tokio::spawn(async move {
-                let res = tune_pgbouncer(pgbouncer_settings).await;
+            let _handle = thread::spawn(move || {
+                let res = rt.block_on(tune_pgbouncer(pgbouncer_settings));
                if let Err(err) = res {
                    error!("error while tuning pgbouncer: {err:?}");
                }
@@ -1385,42 +1382,41 @@ impl ComputeNode {
        if let Some(ref local_proxy) = spec.local_proxy_config {
            info!("configuring local_proxy");

-            // Spawn a background task to do the configuration,
+            // Spawn a thread to do the configuration,
            // so that we don't block the main thread that starts Postgres.
            let local_proxy = local_proxy.clone();
-            tokio::spawn(async move {
+            let _handle = Some(thread::spawn(move || {
                if let Err(err) = local_proxy::configure(&local_proxy) {
                    error!("error while configuring local_proxy: {err:?}");
                }
-            });
+            }));
        }

        // Write new config
        let pgdata_path = Path::new(&self.pgdata);
        let postgresql_conf_path = pgdata_path.join("postgresql.conf");
-        config::write_postgres_conf(&postgresql_conf_path, &spec, self.internal_http_port)?;
+        config::write_postgres_conf(&postgresql_conf_path, &spec, self.http_port)?;

-        if !spec.skip_pg_catalog_updates {
-            let max_concurrent_connections = spec.reconfigure_concurrency;
-            // Temporarily reset max_cluster_size in config
-            // to avoid the possibility of hitting the limit, while we are reconfiguring:
-            // creating new extensions, roles, etc.
-            config::with_compute_ctl_tmp_override(pgdata_path, "neon.max_cluster_size=-1", || {
-                self.pg_reload_conf()?;
+        let max_concurrent_connections = spec.reconfigure_concurrency;

-                if spec.mode == ComputeMode::Primary {
-                    let mut conf = tokio_postgres::Config::from_str(self.connstr.as_str()).unwrap();
-                    conf.application_name("apply_config");
-                    let conf = Arc::new(conf);
+        // Temporarily reset max_cluster_size in config
+        // to avoid the possibility of hitting the limit, while we are reconfiguring:
+        // creating new extensions, roles, etc.
+        config::with_compute_ctl_tmp_override(pgdata_path, "neon.max_cluster_size=-1", || {
+            self.pg_reload_conf()?;

-                    let spec = Arc::new(spec.clone());
+            if spec.mode == ComputeMode::Primary {
+                let mut conf = tokio_postgres::Config::from_str(self.connstr.as_str()).unwrap();
+                conf.application_name("apply_config");
+                let conf = Arc::new(conf);

-                    self.apply_spec_sql(spec, conf, max_concurrent_connections)?;
-                }
+                let spec = Arc::new(spec.clone());

-                Ok(())
-            })?;
-        }
+                self.apply_spec_sql(spec, conf, max_concurrent_connections)?;
+            }
+
+            Ok(())
+        })?;

        self.pg_reload_conf()?;

@@ -1435,9 +1431,7 @@ impl ComputeNode {
    }

    #[instrument(skip_all)]
-    pub fn start_compute(
-        &self,
-    ) -> Result<(std::process::Child, tokio::task::JoinHandle<Result<()>>)> {
+    pub fn start_compute(&self) -> Result<(std::process::Child, std::thread::JoinHandle<()>)> {
        let compute_state = self.state.lock().unwrap().clone();
        let pspec = compute_state.pspec.as_ref().expect("spec must be set");
        info!(
@@ -1452,11 +1446,16 @@ impl ComputeNode {
        if let Some(pgbouncer_settings) = &pspec.spec.pgbouncer_settings {
            info!("tuning pgbouncer");

-            // Spawn a background task to do the tuning,
+            let rt = tokio::runtime::Builder::new_current_thread()
+                .enable_all()
+                .build()
+                .expect("failed to create rt");
+
+            // Spawn a thread to do the tuning,
            // so that we don't block the main thread that starts Postgres.
            let pgbouncer_settings = pgbouncer_settings.clone();
-            let _handle = tokio::spawn(async move {
-                let res = tune_pgbouncer(pgbouncer_settings).await;
+            let _handle = thread::spawn(move || {
+                let res = rt.block_on(tune_pgbouncer(pgbouncer_settings));
                if let Err(err) = res {
                    error!("error while tuning pgbouncer: {err:?}");
                }
@@ -1466,10 +1465,10 @@ impl ComputeNode {
        if let Some(local_proxy) = &pspec.spec.local_proxy_config {
            info!("configuring local_proxy");

-            // Spawn a background task to do the configuration,
+            // Spawn a thread to do the configuration,
            // so that we don't block the main thread that starts Postgres.
            let local_proxy = local_proxy.clone();
-            let _handle = tokio::spawn(async move {
+            let _handle = thread::spawn(move || {
                if let Err(err) = local_proxy::configure(&local_proxy) {
                    error!("error while configuring local_proxy: {err:?}");
                }
@@ -1488,8 +1487,7 @@ impl ComputeNode {
            extension_server::create_control_files(remote_extensions, &self.pgbin);

            let library_load_start_time = Utc::now();
-            let rt = tokio::runtime::Handle::current();
-            let remote_ext_metrics = rt.block_on(self.prepare_preload_libraries(&pspec.spec))?;
+            let remote_ext_metrics = self.prepare_preload_libraries(&pspec.spec)?;

            let library_load_time = Utc::now()
                .signed_duration_since(library_load_start_time)
@@ -1544,7 +1542,7 @@ impl ComputeNode {
            self.post_apply_config()?;

            let conf = self.get_conn_conf(None);
-            tokio::task::spawn_blocking(|| {
+            thread::spawn(move || {
                let res = get_installed_extensions(conf);
                match res {
                    Ok(extensions) => {
@@ -1893,6 +1891,7 @@ LIMIT 100",
        Ok(ext_version)
    }

+    #[tokio::main]
    pub async fn prepare_preload_libraries(
        &self,
        spec: &ComputeSpec,
--- a/compute_tools/src/configurator.rs
+++ b/compute_tools/src/configurator.rs
@@ -51,12 +51,9 @@ fn configurator_main_loop(compute: &Arc<ComputeNode>) {
 pub fn launch_configurator(compute: &Arc<ComputeNode>) -> thread::JoinHandle<()> {
    let compute = Arc::clone(compute);

-    let runtime = tokio::runtime::Handle::current();
-
    thread::Builder::new()
        .name("compute-configurator".into())
        .spawn(move || {
-            let _rt_guard = runtime.enter();
            configurator_main_loop(&compute);
            info!("configurator thread is exited");
        })
--- a/compute_tools/src/extension_server.rs
+++ b/compute_tools/src/extension_server.rs
@@ -258,11 +258,14 @@ pub fn create_control_files(remote_extensions: &RemoteExtSpec, pgbin: &str) {
 async fn download_extension_tar(ext_remote_storage: &str, ext_path: &str) -> Result<Bytes> {
    let uri = format!("{}/{}", ext_remote_storage, ext_path);

-    info!("Download extension {} from uri {}", ext_path, uri);
+    info!("Download extension {:?} from uri {:?}", ext_path, uri);

    match do_extension_server_request(&uri).await {
        Ok(resp) => {
-            info!("Successfully downloaded remote extension data {}", ext_path);
+            info!(
+                "Successfully downloaded remote extension data {:?}",
+                ext_path
+            );
            REMOTE_EXT_REQUESTS_TOTAL
                .with_label_values(&[&StatusCode::OK.to_string()])
                .inc();
@@ -282,10 +285,7 @@ async fn download_extension_tar(ext_remote_storage: &str, ext_path: &str) -> Res
 async fn do_extension_server_request(uri: &str) -> Result<Bytes, (String, String)> {
    let resp = reqwest::get(uri).await.map_err(|e| {
        (
-            format!(
-                "could not perform remote extensions server request: {:?}",
-                e
-            ),
+            format!("could not perform remote extensions server request: {}", e),
            UNKNOWN_HTTP_STATUS.to_string(),
        )
    })?;
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ async fn do_extension_server_request(uri: &str) -> Result<Bytes, (String, String
        StatusCode::OK => match resp.bytes().await {
            Ok(resp) => Ok(resp),
            Err(e) => Err((
-                format!("could not read remote extensions server response: {:?}", e),
+                format!("could not read remote extensions server response: {}", e),
                // It's fine to return and report error with status as 200 OK,
                // because we still failed to read the response.
                status.to_string(),
--- a/compute_tools/src/http/mod.rs
+++ b/compute_tools/src/http/mod.rs
@@ -4,9 +4,11 @@ use http::{header::CONTENT_TYPE, StatusCode};
 use serde::Serialize;
 use tracing::error;

+pub use server::launch_http_server;
+
 mod extract;
 mod routes;
-pub mod server;
+mod server;

 /// Convenience response builder for JSON responses
 struct JsonResponse;
--- a/compute_tools/src/http/routes/failpoints.rs
+++ b/compute_tools/src/http/routes/failpoints.rs
@@ -1,21 +1,7 @@
 use axum::response::{IntoResponse, Response};
 use http::StatusCode;
-use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use tracing::info;
-use utils::failpoint_support::apply_failpoint;
-
-pub type ConfigureFailpointsRequest = Vec<FailpointConfig>;
-
-/// Information for configuring a single fail point
-#[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-pub struct FailpointConfig {
-    /// Name of the fail point
-    pub name: String,
-    /// List of actions to take, using the format described in `fail::cfg`
-    ///
-    /// We also support `actions = "exit"` to cause the fail point to immediately exit.
-    pub actions: String,
-}
+use utils::failpoint_support::{apply_failpoint, ConfigureFailpointsRequest};

 use crate::http::{extract::Json, JsonResponse};

--- a/compute_tools/src/http/server.rs
+++ b/compute_tools/src/http/server.rs
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 use std::{
-    fmt::Display,
    net::{IpAddr, Ipv6Addr, SocketAddr},
    sync::Arc,
+    thread,
    time::Duration,
 };

@@ -26,65 +26,46 @@ use super::routes::{
 };
 use crate::compute::ComputeNode;

+async fn handle_404() -> Response {
+    StatusCode::NOT_FOUND.into_response()
+}
+
 const X_REQUEST_ID: &str = "x-request-id";

-/// `compute_ctl` has two servers: internal and external. The internal server
-/// binds to the loopback interface and handles communication from clients on
-/// the compute. The external server is what receives communication from the
-/// control plane, the metrics scraper, etc. We make the distinction because
-/// certain routes in `compute_ctl` only need to be exposed to local processes
-/// like Postgres via the neon extension and local_proxy.
-#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
-pub enum Server {
-    Internal(u16),
-    External(u16),
-}
+/// This middleware function allows compute_ctl to generate its own request ID
+/// if one isn't supplied. The control plane will always send one as a UUID. The
+/// neon Postgres extension on the other hand does not send one.
+async fn maybe_add_request_id_header(mut request: Request, next: Next) -> Response {
+    let headers = request.headers_mut();

-impl Display for Server {
-    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
-        match self {
-            Server::Internal(_) => f.write_str("internal"),
-            Server::External(_) => f.write_str("external"),
-        }
+    if headers.get(X_REQUEST_ID).is_none() {
+        headers.append(X_REQUEST_ID, Uuid::new_v4().to_string().parse().unwrap());
    }
+
+    next.run(request).await
 }

-impl From<Server> for Router<Arc<ComputeNode>> {
-    fn from(server: Server) -> Self {
-        let mut router = Router::<Arc<ComputeNode>>::new();
-
-        router = match server {
-            Server::Internal(_) => {
-                router = router
-                    .route(
-                        "/extension_server/{*filename}",
-                        post(extension_server::download_extension),
-                    )
-                    .route("/extensions", post(extensions::install_extension))
-                    .route("/grants", post(grants::add_grant));
-
-                // Add in any testing support
-                if cfg!(feature = "testing") {
-                    use super::routes::failpoints;
-
-                    router = router.route("/failpoints", post(failpoints::configure_failpoints));
-                }
-
-                router
-            }
-            Server::External(_) => router
-                .route("/check_writability", post(check_writability::is_writable))
-                .route("/configure", post(configure::configure))
-                .route("/database_schema", get(database_schema::get_schema_dump))
-                .route("/dbs_and_roles", get(dbs_and_roles::get_catalog_objects))
-                .route("/insights", get(insights::get_insights))
-                .route("/metrics", get(metrics::get_metrics))
-                .route("/metrics.json", get(metrics_json::get_metrics))
-                .route("/status", get(status::get_status))
-                .route("/terminate", post(terminate::terminate)),
-        };
-
-        router.fallback(Server::handle_404).method_not_allowed_fallback(Server::handle_405).layer(
+/// Run the HTTP server and wait on it forever.
+#[tokio::main]
+async fn serve(port: u16, compute: Arc<ComputeNode>) {
+    let mut app = Router::new()
+        .route("/check_writability", post(check_writability::is_writable))
+        .route("/configure", post(configure::configure))
+        .route("/database_schema", get(database_schema::get_schema_dump))
+        .route("/dbs_and_roles", get(dbs_and_roles::get_catalog_objects))
+        .route(
+            "/extension_server/{*filename}",
+            post(extension_server::download_extension),
+        )
+        .route("/extensions", post(extensions::install_extension))
+        .route("/grants", post(grants::add_grant))
+        .route("/insights", get(insights::get_insights))
+        .route("/metrics", get(metrics::get_metrics))
+        .route("/metrics.json", get(metrics_json::get_metrics))
+        .route("/status", get(status::get_status))
+        .route("/terminate", post(terminate::terminate))
+        .fallback(handle_404)
+        .layer(
            ServiceBuilder::new()
                // Add this middleware since we assume the request ID exists
                .layer(middleware::from_fn(maybe_add_request_id_header))
@@ -124,88 +105,45 @@ impl From<Server> for Router<Arc<ComputeNode>> {
                )
                .layer(PropagateRequestIdLayer::x_request_id()),
        )
-    }
-}
+        .with_state(compute);

-impl Server {
-    async fn handle_404() -> impl IntoResponse {
-        StatusCode::NOT_FOUND
+    // Add in any testing support
+    if cfg!(feature = "testing") {
+        use super::routes::failpoints;
+
+        app = app.route("/failpoints", post(failpoints::configure_failpoints))
    }

-    async fn handle_405() -> impl IntoResponse {
-        StatusCode::METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED
-    }
-
-    async fn listener(&self) -> Result<TcpListener> {
-        let addr = SocketAddr::new(self.ip(), self.port());
-        let listener = TcpListener::bind(&addr).await?;
-
-        Ok(listener)
-    }
-
-    fn ip(&self) -> IpAddr {
-        match self {
-            // TODO: Change this to Ipv6Addr::LOCALHOST when the GitHub runners
-            // allow binding to localhost
-            Server::Internal(_) => IpAddr::from(Ipv6Addr::UNSPECIFIED),
-            Server::External(_) => IpAddr::from(Ipv6Addr::UNSPECIFIED),
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn port(self) -> u16 {
-        match self {
-            Server::Internal(port) => port,
-            Server::External(port) => port,
-        }
-    }
-
-    async fn serve(self, compute: Arc<ComputeNode>) {
-        let listener = self.listener().await.unwrap_or_else(|e| {
-            // If we can't bind, the compute cannot operate correctly
-            panic!(
-                "failed to bind the compute_ctl {} HTTP server to {}: {}",
-                self,
-                SocketAddr::new(self.ip(), self.port()),
-                e
-            );
-        });
-
-        if tracing::enabled!(tracing::Level::INFO) {
-            let local_addr = match listener.local_addr() {
-                Ok(local_addr) => local_addr,
-                Err(_) => SocketAddr::new(self.ip(), self.port()),
-            };
-
-            info!(
-                "compute_ctl {} HTTP server listening at {}",
-                self, local_addr
+    // This usually binds to both IPv4 and IPv6 on Linux, see
+    // https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/34440 for more information
+    let addr = SocketAddr::new(IpAddr::from(Ipv6Addr::UNSPECIFIED), port);
+    let listener = match TcpListener::bind(&addr).await {
+        Ok(listener) => listener,
+        Err(e) => {
+            error!(
+                "failed to bind the compute_ctl HTTP server to port {}: {}",
+                port, e
            );
+            return;
        }
+    };

-        let router = Router::from(self).with_state(compute);
-
-        if let Err(e) = axum::serve(listener, router).await {
-            error!("compute_ctl {} HTTP server error: {}", self, e);
-        }
+    if let Ok(local_addr) = listener.local_addr() {
+        info!("compute_ctl HTTP server listening on {}", local_addr);
+    } else {
+        info!("compute_ctl HTTP server listening on port {}", port);
    }

-    pub fn launch(self, compute: &Arc<ComputeNode>) {
-        let state = Arc::clone(compute);
-
-        info!("Launching the {} server", self);
-
-        tokio::spawn(self.serve(state));
+    if let Err(e) = axum::serve(listener, app).await {
+        error!("compute_ctl HTTP server error: {}", e);
    }
 }

-/// This middleware function allows compute_ctl to generate its own request ID
-/// if one isn't supplied. The control plane will always send one as a UUID. The
-/// neon Postgres extension on the other hand does not send one.
-async fn maybe_add_request_id_header(mut request: Request, next: Next) -> Response {
-    let headers = request.headers_mut();
-    if headers.get(X_REQUEST_ID).is_none() {
-        headers.append(X_REQUEST_ID, Uuid::new_v4().to_string().parse().unwrap());
-    }
+/// Launch a separate HTTP server thread and return its `JoinHandle`.
+pub fn launch_http_server(port: u16, state: &Arc<ComputeNode>) -> Result<thread::JoinHandle<()>> {
+    let state = Arc::clone(state);

-    next.run(request).await
+    Ok(thread::Builder::new()
+        .name("http-server".into())
+        .spawn(move || serve(port, state))?)
 }
--- a/compute_tools/src/logger.rs
+++ b/compute_tools/src/logger.rs
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ use tracing_subscriber::prelude::*;
 /// set `OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_ENDPOINT=http://jaeger:4318`. See
 /// `tracing-utils` package description.
 ///
-pub async fn init_tracing_and_logging(default_log_level: &str) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+pub fn init_tracing_and_logging(default_log_level: &str) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
    // Initialize Logging
    let env_filter = tracing_subscriber::EnvFilter::try_from_default_env()
        .unwrap_or_else(|_| tracing_subscriber::EnvFilter::new(default_log_level));
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ pub async fn init_tracing_and_logging(default_log_level: &str) -> anyhow::Result
        .with_writer(std::io::stderr);

    // Initialize OpenTelemetry
-    let otlp_layer = tracing_utils::init_tracing("compute_ctl").await;
+    let otlp_layer = tracing_utils::init_tracing_without_runtime("compute_ctl");

    // Put it all together
    tracing_subscriber::registry()
--- a/compute_tools/src/migration.rs
+++ b/compute_tools/src/migration.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 use anyhow::{Context, Result};
 use fail::fail_point;
-use tokio_postgres::{Client, Transaction};
+use postgres::{Client, Transaction};
 use tracing::{error, info};

 use crate::metrics::DB_MIGRATION_FAILED;
@@ -21,11 +21,10 @@ impl<'m> MigrationRunner<'m> {
    }

    /// Get the current value neon_migration.migration_id
-    async fn get_migration_id(&mut self) -> Result<i64> {
+    fn get_migration_id(&mut self) -> Result<i64> {
        let row = self
            .client
-            .query_one("SELECT id FROM neon_migration.migration_id", &[])
-            .await?;
+            .query_one("SELECT id FROM neon_migration.migration_id", &[])?;

        Ok(row.get::<&str, i64>("id"))
    }
@@ -35,7 +34,7 @@ impl<'m> MigrationRunner<'m> {
    /// This function has a fail point called compute-migration, which can be
    /// used if you would like to fail the application of a series of migrations
    /// at some point.
-    async fn update_migration_id(txn: &mut Transaction<'_>, migration_id: i64) -> Result<()> {
+    fn update_migration_id(txn: &mut Transaction, migration_id: i64) -> Result<()> {
        // We use this fail point in order to check that failing in the
        // middle of applying a series of migrations fails in an expected
        // manner
@@ -60,38 +59,31 @@ impl<'m> MigrationRunner<'m> {
            "UPDATE neon_migration.migration_id SET id = $1",
            &[&migration_id],
        )
-        .await
        .with_context(|| format!("update neon_migration.migration_id to {migration_id}"))?;

        Ok(())
    }

    /// Prepare the migrations the target database for handling migrations
-    async fn prepare_database(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
+    fn prepare_database(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
        self.client
-            .simple_query("CREATE SCHEMA IF NOT EXISTS neon_migration")
-            .await?;
-        self.client.simple_query("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS neon_migration.migration_id (key INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, id bigint NOT NULL DEFAULT 0)").await?;
+            .simple_query("CREATE SCHEMA IF NOT EXISTS neon_migration")?;
+        self.client.simple_query("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS neon_migration.migration_id (key INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, id bigint NOT NULL DEFAULT 0)")?;
+        self.client.simple_query(
+            "INSERT INTO neon_migration.migration_id VALUES (0, 0) ON CONFLICT DO NOTHING",
+        )?;
        self.client
-            .simple_query(
-                "INSERT INTO neon_migration.migration_id VALUES (0, 0) ON CONFLICT DO NOTHING",
-            )
-            .await?;
+            .simple_query("ALTER SCHEMA neon_migration OWNER TO cloud_admin")?;
        self.client
-            .simple_query("ALTER SCHEMA neon_migration OWNER TO cloud_admin")
-            .await?;
-        self.client
-            .simple_query("REVOKE ALL ON SCHEMA neon_migration FROM PUBLIC")
-            .await?;
+            .simple_query("REVOKE ALL ON SCHEMA neon_migration FROM PUBLIC")?;

        Ok(())
    }

    /// Run an individual migration in a separate transaction block.
-    async fn run_migration(client: &mut Client, migration_id: i64, migration: &str) -> Result<()> {
+    fn run_migration(client: &mut Client, migration_id: i64, migration: &str) -> Result<()> {
        let mut txn = client
            .transaction()
-            .await
            .with_context(|| format!("begin transaction for migration {migration_id}"))?;

        if migration.starts_with("-- SKIP") {
@@ -100,43 +92,40 @@ impl<'m> MigrationRunner<'m> {
            // Even though we are skipping the migration, updating the
            // migration ID should help keep logic easy to understand when
            // trying to understand the state of a cluster.
-            Self::update_migration_id(&mut txn, migration_id).await?;
+            Self::update_migration_id(&mut txn, migration_id)?;
        } else {
            info!("Running migration id={}:\n{}\n", migration_id, migration);

            txn.simple_query(migration)
-                .await
                .with_context(|| format!("apply migration {migration_id}"))?;

-            Self::update_migration_id(&mut txn, migration_id).await?;
+            Self::update_migration_id(&mut txn, migration_id)?;
        }

        txn.commit()
-            .await
            .with_context(|| format!("commit transaction for migration {migration_id}"))?;

        Ok(())
    }

    /// Run the configured set of migrations
-    pub async fn run_migrations(mut self) -> Result<()> {
+    pub fn run_migrations(mut self) -> Result<()> {
        self.prepare_database()
-            .await
            .context("prepare database to handle migrations")?;

-        let mut current_migration = self.get_migration_id().await? as usize;
+        let mut current_migration = self.get_migration_id()? as usize;
        while current_migration < self.migrations.len() {
            // The index lags the migration ID by 1, so the current migration
            // ID is also the next index
            let migration_id = (current_migration + 1) as i64;
            let migration = self.migrations[current_migration];

-            match Self::run_migration(self.client, migration_id, migration).await {
+            match Self::run_migration(self.client, migration_id, migration) {
                Ok(_) => {
                    info!("Finished migration id={}", migration_id);
                }
                Err(e) => {
-                    error!("Failed to run migration id={}: {:?}", migration_id, e);
+                    error!("Failed to run migration id={}: {}", migration_id, e);
                    DB_MIGRATION_FAILED
                        .with_label_values(&[migration_id.to_string().as_str()])
                        .inc();
--- a/compute_tools/src/pg_helpers.rs
+++ b/compute_tools/src/pg_helpers.rs
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ use std::os::unix::fs::PermissionsExt;
 use std::path::Path;
 use std::process::Child;
 use std::str::FromStr;
+use std::thread::JoinHandle;
 use std::time::{Duration, Instant};

 use anyhow::{bail, Result};
@@ -15,7 +16,6 @@ use ini::Ini;
 use notify::{RecursiveMode, Watcher};
 use postgres::config::Config;
 use tokio::io::AsyncBufReadExt;
-use tokio::task::JoinHandle;
 use tokio::time::timeout;
 use tokio_postgres;
 use tokio_postgres::NoTls;
@@ -477,13 +477,23 @@ pub async fn tune_pgbouncer(pgbouncer_config: HashMap<String, String>) -> Result
    Ok(())
 }

-/// Spawn a task that will read Postgres logs from `stderr`, join multiline logs
+/// Spawn a thread that will read Postgres logs from `stderr`, join multiline logs
 /// and send them to the logger. In the future we may also want to add context to
 /// these logs.
-pub fn handle_postgres_logs(stderr: std::process::ChildStderr) -> JoinHandle<Result<()>> {
-    tokio::spawn(async move {
-        let stderr = tokio::process::ChildStderr::from_std(stderr)?;
-        handle_postgres_logs_async(stderr).await
+pub fn handle_postgres_logs(stderr: std::process::ChildStderr) -> JoinHandle<()> {
+    std::thread::spawn(move || {
+        let runtime = tokio::runtime::Builder::new_current_thread()
+            .enable_all()
+            .build()
+            .expect("failed to build tokio runtime");
+
+        let res = runtime.block_on(async move {
+            let stderr = tokio::process::ChildStderr::from_std(stderr)?;
+            handle_postgres_logs_async(stderr).await
+        });
+        if let Err(e) = res {
+            tracing::error!("error while processing postgres logs: {}", e);
+        }
    })
 }

--- a/compute_tools/src/spec.rs
+++ b/compute_tools/src/spec.rs
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 use anyhow::{anyhow, bail, Result};
+use postgres::Client;
 use reqwest::StatusCode;
 use std::fs::File;
 use std::path::Path;
-use tokio_postgres::Client;
 use tracing::{error, info, instrument, warn};

 use crate::config;
@@ -11,9 +11,7 @@ use crate::migration::MigrationRunner;
 use crate::params::PG_HBA_ALL_MD5;
 use crate::pg_helpers::*;

-use compute_api::responses::{
-    ComputeCtlConfig, ControlPlaneComputeStatus, ControlPlaneSpecResponse,
-};
+use compute_api::responses::{ControlPlaneComputeStatus, ControlPlaneSpecResponse};
 use compute_api::spec::ComputeSpec;

 // Do control plane request and return response if any. In case of error it
@@ -30,7 +28,7 @@ fn do_control_plane_request(
        .map_err(|e| {
            (
                true,
-                format!("could not perform spec request to control plane: {:?}", e),
+                format!("could not perform spec request to control plane: {}", e),
                UNKNOWN_HTTP_STATUS.to_string(),
            )
        })?;
@@ -41,7 +39,7 @@ fn do_control_plane_request(
            Ok(spec_resp) => Ok(spec_resp),
            Err(e) => Err((
                true,
-                format!("could not deserialize control plane response: {:?}", e),
+                format!("could not deserialize control plane response: {}", e),
                status.to_string(),
            )),
        },
@@ -75,13 +73,14 @@ fn do_control_plane_request(
 pub fn get_spec_from_control_plane(
    base_uri: &str,
    compute_id: &str,
-) -> Result<(Option<ComputeSpec>, ComputeCtlConfig)> {
+) -> Result<Option<ComputeSpec>> {
    let cp_uri = format!("{base_uri}/compute/api/v2/computes/{compute_id}/spec");
    let jwt: String = match std::env::var("NEON_CONTROL_PLANE_TOKEN") {
        Ok(v) => v,
        Err(_) => "".to_string(),
    };
    let mut attempt = 1;
+    let mut spec: Result<Option<ComputeSpec>> = Ok(None);

    info!("getting spec from control plane: {}", cp_uri);

@@ -91,7 +90,7 @@ pub fn get_spec_from_control_plane(
    // - no spec for compute yet (Empty state) -> return Ok(None)
    // - got spec -> return Ok(Some(spec))
    while attempt < 4 {
-        let result = match do_control_plane_request(&cp_uri, &jwt) {
+        spec = match do_control_plane_request(&cp_uri, &jwt) {
            Ok(spec_resp) => {
                CPLANE_REQUESTS_TOTAL
                    .with_label_values(&[
@@ -100,10 +99,10 @@ pub fn get_spec_from_control_plane(
                    ])
                    .inc();
                match spec_resp.status {
-                    ControlPlaneComputeStatus::Empty => Ok((None, spec_resp.compute_ctl_config)),
+                    ControlPlaneComputeStatus::Empty => Ok(None),
                    ControlPlaneComputeStatus::Attached => {
                        if let Some(spec) = spec_resp.spec {
-                            Ok((Some(spec), spec_resp.compute_ctl_config))
+                            Ok(Some(spec))
                        } else {
                            bail!("compute is attached, but spec is empty")
                        }
@@ -122,10 +121,10 @@ pub fn get_spec_from_control_plane(
            }
        };

-        if let Err(e) = &result {
+        if let Err(e) = &spec {
            error!("attempt {} to get spec failed with: {}", attempt, e);
        } else {
-            return result;
+            return spec;
        }

        attempt += 1;
@@ -133,9 +132,7 @@ pub fn get_spec_from_control_plane(
    }

    // All attempts failed, return error.
-    Err(anyhow::anyhow!(
-        "Exhausted all attempts to retrieve the spec from the control plane"
-    ))
+    spec
 }

 /// Check `pg_hba.conf` and update if needed to allow external connections.
@@ -169,17 +166,17 @@ pub fn add_standby_signal(pgdata_path: &Path) -> Result<()> {
 }

 #[instrument(skip_all)]
-pub async fn handle_neon_extension_upgrade(client: &mut Client) -> Result<()> {
+pub fn handle_neon_extension_upgrade(client: &mut Client) -> Result<()> {
    info!("handle neon extension upgrade");
    let query = "ALTER EXTENSION neon UPDATE";
    info!("update neon extension version with query: {}", query);
-    client.simple_query(query).await?;
+    client.simple_query(query)?;

    Ok(())
 }

 #[instrument(skip_all)]
-pub async fn handle_migrations(client: &mut Client) -> Result<()> {
+pub fn handle_migrations(client: &mut Client) -> Result<()> {
    info!("handle migrations");

    // !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
@@ -209,9 +206,7 @@ pub async fn handle_migrations(client: &mut Client) -> Result<()> {
        ),
    ];

-    MigrationRunner::new(client, &migrations)
-        .run_migrations()
-        .await?;
+    MigrationRunner::new(client, &migrations).run_migrations()?;

    Ok(())
 }
@@ -219,7 +214,7 @@ pub async fn handle_migrations(client: &mut Client) -> Result<()> {
 /// Connect to the database as superuser and pre-create anon extension
 /// if it is present in shared_preload_libraries
 #[instrument(skip_all)]
-pub async fn handle_extension_anon(
+pub fn handle_extension_anon(
    spec: &ComputeSpec,
    db_owner: &str,
    db_client: &mut Client,
@@ -232,7 +227,7 @@ pub async fn handle_extension_anon(
            if !grants_only {
                // check if extension is already initialized using anon.is_initialized()
                let query = "SELECT anon.is_initialized()";
-                match db_client.query(query, &[]).await {
+                match db_client.query(query, &[]) {
                    Ok(rows) => {
                        if !rows.is_empty() {
                            let is_initialized: bool = rows[0].get(0);
@@ -254,7 +249,7 @@ pub async fn handle_extension_anon(
                // Users cannot create it themselves, because superuser is required.
                let mut query = "CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS anon CASCADE";
                info!("creating anon extension with query: {}", query);
-                match db_client.query(query, &[]).await {
+                match db_client.query(query, &[]) {
                    Ok(_) => {}
                    Err(e) => {
                        error!("anon extension creation failed with error: {}", e);
@@ -264,7 +259,7 @@ pub async fn handle_extension_anon(

                // check that extension is installed
                query = "SELECT extname FROM pg_extension WHERE extname = 'anon'";
-                let rows = db_client.query(query, &[]).await?;
+                let rows = db_client.query(query, &[])?;
                if rows.is_empty() {
                    error!("anon extension is not installed");
                    return Ok(());
@@ -273,7 +268,7 @@ pub async fn handle_extension_anon(
                // Initialize anon extension
                // This also requires superuser privileges, so users cannot do it themselves.
                query = "SELECT anon.init()";
-                match db_client.query(query, &[]).await {
+                match db_client.query(query, &[]) {
                    Ok(_) => {}
                    Err(e) => {
                        error!("anon.init() failed with error: {}", e);
@@ -284,7 +279,7 @@ pub async fn handle_extension_anon(

            // check that extension is installed, if not bail early
            let query = "SELECT extname FROM pg_extension WHERE extname = 'anon'";
-            match db_client.query(query, &[]).await {
+            match db_client.query(query, &[]) {
                Ok(rows) => {
                    if rows.is_empty() {
                        error!("anon extension is not installed");
@@ -299,12 +294,12 @@ pub async fn handle_extension_anon(

            let query = format!("GRANT ALL ON SCHEMA anon TO {}", db_owner);
            info!("granting anon extension permissions with query: {}", query);
-            db_client.simple_query(&query).await?;
+            db_client.simple_query(&query)?;

            // Grant permissions to db_owner to use anon extension functions
            let query = format!("GRANT ALL ON ALL FUNCTIONS IN SCHEMA anon TO {}", db_owner);
            info!("granting anon extension permissions with query: {}", query);
-            db_client.simple_query(&query).await?;
+            db_client.simple_query(&query)?;

            // This is needed, because some functions are defined as SECURITY DEFINER.
            // In Postgres SECURITY DEFINER functions are executed with the privileges
@@ -319,16 +314,16 @@ pub async fn handle_extension_anon(
                where nsp.nspname = 'anon';", db_owner);

            info!("change anon extension functions owner to db owner");
-            db_client.simple_query(&query).await?;
+            db_client.simple_query(&query)?;

            //  affects views as well
            let query = format!("GRANT ALL ON ALL TABLES IN SCHEMA anon TO {}", db_owner);
            info!("granting anon extension permissions with query: {}", query);
-            db_client.simple_query(&query).await?;
+            db_client.simple_query(&query)?;

            let query = format!("GRANT ALL ON ALL SEQUENCES IN SCHEMA anon TO {}", db_owner);
            info!("granting anon extension permissions with query: {}", query);
-            db_client.simple_query(&query).await?;
+            db_client.simple_query(&query)?;
        }
    }

--- a/compute_tools/src/sql/drop_subscriptions.sql
+++ b/compute_tools/src/sql/drop_subscriptions.sql
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ DO $$
 DECLARE
    subname TEXT;
 BEGIN
-    LOCK TABLE pg_subscription IN ACCESS EXCLUSIVE MODE;
    FOR subname IN SELECT pg_subscription.subname FROM pg_subscription WHERE subdbid = (SELECT oid FROM pg_database WHERE datname = {datname_str}) LOOP
        EXECUTE format('ALTER SUBSCRIPTION %I DISABLE;', subname);
        EXECUTE format('ALTER SUBSCRIPTION %I SET (slot_name = NONE);', subname);
--- a/control_plane/Cargo.toml
+++ b/control_plane/Cargo.toml
@@ -33,7 +33,6 @@ postgres_backend.workspace = true
 safekeeper_api.workspace = true
 postgres_connection.workspace = true
 storage_broker.workspace = true
-http-utils.workspace = true
 utils.workspace = true
 whoami.workspace = true

--- a/control_plane/src/background_process.rs
+++ b/control_plane/src/background_process.rs
@@ -261,13 +261,7 @@ fn fill_rust_env_vars(cmd: &mut Command) -> &mut Command {
    let mut filled_cmd = cmd.env_clear().env("RUST_BACKTRACE", backtrace_setting);

    // Pass through these environment variables to the command
-    for var in [
-        "LLVM_PROFILE_FILE",
-        "FAILPOINTS",
-        "RUST_LOG",
-        "ASAN_OPTIONS",
-        "UBSAN_OPTIONS",
-    ] {
+    for var in ["LLVM_PROFILE_FILE", "FAILPOINTS", "RUST_LOG"] {
        if let Some(val) = std::env::var_os(var) {
            filled_cmd = filled_cmd.env(var, val);
        }
--- a/control_plane/src/bin/neon_local.rs
+++ b/control_plane/src/bin/neon_local.rs
@@ -552,10 +552,8 @@ struct EndpointCreateCmdArgs {
    lsn: Option<Lsn>,
    #[clap(long)]
    pg_port: Option<u16>,
-    #[clap(long, alias = "http-port")]
-    external_http_port: Option<u16>,
    #[clap(long)]
-    internal_http_port: Option<u16>,
+    http_port: Option<u16>,
    #[clap(long = "pageserver-id")]
    endpoint_pageserver_id: Option<NodeId>,

@@ -1355,8 +1353,7 @@ async fn handle_endpoint(subcmd: &EndpointCmd, env: &local_env::LocalEnv) -> Res
                tenant_id,
                timeline_id,
                args.pg_port,
-                args.external_http_port,
-                args.internal_http_port,
+                args.http_port,
                args.pg_version,
                mode,
                !args.update_catalog,
--- a/control_plane/src/endpoint.rs
+++ b/control_plane/src/endpoint.rs
@@ -37,8 +37,6 @@
 //! ```
 //!
 use std::collections::BTreeMap;
-use std::net::IpAddr;
-use std::net::Ipv4Addr;
 use std::net::SocketAddr;
 use std::net::TcpStream;
 use std::path::PathBuf;
@@ -46,12 +44,8 @@ use std::process::Command;
 use std::str::FromStr;
 use std::sync::Arc;
 use std::time::Duration;
-use std::time::SystemTime;
-use std::time::UNIX_EPOCH;

 use anyhow::{anyhow, bail, Context, Result};
-use compute_api::requests::ConfigurationRequest;
-use compute_api::responses::ComputeCtlConfig;
 use compute_api::spec::Database;
 use compute_api::spec::PgIdent;
 use compute_api::spec::RemoteExtSpec;
@@ -61,7 +55,6 @@ use nix::sys::signal::Signal;
 use pageserver_api::shard::ShardStripeSize;
 use reqwest::header::CONTENT_TYPE;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
-use tracing::debug;
 use url::Host;
 use utils::id::{NodeId, TenantId, TimelineId};

@@ -80,14 +73,11 @@ pub struct EndpointConf {
    timeline_id: TimelineId,
    mode: ComputeMode,
    pg_port: u16,
-    external_http_port: u16,
-    internal_http_port: u16,
+    http_port: u16,
    pg_version: u32,
    skip_pg_catalog_updates: bool,
-    reconfigure_concurrency: usize,
    drop_subscriptions_before_start: bool,
    features: Vec<ComputeFeature>,
-    cluster: Option<Cluster>,
 }

 //
@@ -138,7 +128,7 @@ impl ComputeControlPlane {
        1 + self
            .endpoints
            .values()
-            .map(|ep| std::cmp::max(ep.pg_address.port(), ep.external_http_address.port()))
+            .map(|ep| std::cmp::max(ep.pg_address.port(), ep.http_address.port()))
            .max()
            .unwrap_or(self.base_port)
    }
@@ -150,27 +140,18 @@ impl ComputeControlPlane {
        tenant_id: TenantId,
        timeline_id: TimelineId,
        pg_port: Option<u16>,
-        external_http_port: Option<u16>,
-        internal_http_port: Option<u16>,
+        http_port: Option<u16>,
        pg_version: u32,
        mode: ComputeMode,
        skip_pg_catalog_updates: bool,
        drop_subscriptions_before_start: bool,
    ) -> Result<Arc<Endpoint>> {
        let pg_port = pg_port.unwrap_or_else(|| self.get_port());
-        let external_http_port = external_http_port.unwrap_or_else(|| self.get_port() + 1);
-        let internal_http_port = internal_http_port.unwrap_or_else(|| external_http_port + 1);
+        let http_port = http_port.unwrap_or_else(|| self.get_port() + 1);
        let ep = Arc::new(Endpoint {
            endpoint_id: endpoint_id.to_owned(),
-            pg_address: SocketAddr::new(IpAddr::from(Ipv4Addr::LOCALHOST), pg_port),
-            external_http_address: SocketAddr::new(
-                IpAddr::from(Ipv4Addr::UNSPECIFIED),
-                external_http_port,
-            ),
-            internal_http_address: SocketAddr::new(
-                IpAddr::from(Ipv4Addr::LOCALHOST),
-                internal_http_port,
-            ),
+            pg_address: SocketAddr::new("127.0.0.1".parse().unwrap(), pg_port),
+            http_address: SocketAddr::new("127.0.0.1".parse().unwrap(), http_port),
            env: self.env.clone(),
            timeline_id,
            mode,
@@ -184,9 +165,7 @@ impl ComputeControlPlane {
            // we also skip catalog updates in the cloud.
            skip_pg_catalog_updates,
            drop_subscriptions_before_start,
-            reconfigure_concurrency: 1,
            features: vec![],
-            cluster: None,
        });

        ep.create_endpoint_dir()?;
@@ -197,15 +176,12 @@ impl ComputeControlPlane {
                tenant_id,
                timeline_id,
                mode,
-                external_http_port,
-                internal_http_port,
+                http_port,
                pg_port,
                pg_version,
                skip_pg_catalog_updates,
                drop_subscriptions_before_start,
-                reconfigure_concurrency: 1,
                features: vec![],
-                cluster: None,
            })?,
        )?;
        std::fs::write(
@@ -254,10 +230,9 @@ pub struct Endpoint {
    pub timeline_id: TimelineId,
    pub mode: ComputeMode,

-    // port and address of the Postgres server and `compute_ctl`'s HTTP APIs
+    // port and address of the Postgres server and `compute_ctl`'s HTTP API
    pub pg_address: SocketAddr,
-    pub external_http_address: SocketAddr,
-    pub internal_http_address: SocketAddr,
+    pub http_address: SocketAddr,

    // postgres major version in the format: 14, 15, etc.
    pg_version: u32,
@@ -270,11 +245,8 @@ pub struct Endpoint {
    skip_pg_catalog_updates: bool,

    drop_subscriptions_before_start: bool,
-    reconfigure_concurrency: usize,
    // Feature flags
    features: Vec<ComputeFeature>,
-    // Cluster settings
-    cluster: Option<Cluster>,
 }

 #[derive(PartialEq, Eq)]
@@ -314,18 +286,9 @@ impl Endpoint {
        let conf: EndpointConf =
            serde_json::from_slice(&std::fs::read(entry.path().join("endpoint.json"))?)?;

-        debug!("serialized endpoint conf: {:?}", conf);
-
        Ok(Endpoint {
-            pg_address: SocketAddr::new(IpAddr::from(Ipv4Addr::LOCALHOST), conf.pg_port),
-            external_http_address: SocketAddr::new(
-                IpAddr::from(Ipv4Addr::UNSPECIFIED),
-                conf.external_http_port,
-            ),
-            internal_http_address: SocketAddr::new(
-                IpAddr::from(Ipv4Addr::LOCALHOST),
-                conf.internal_http_port,
-            ),
+            pg_address: SocketAddr::new("127.0.0.1".parse().unwrap(), conf.pg_port),
+            http_address: SocketAddr::new("127.0.0.1".parse().unwrap(), conf.http_port),
            endpoint_id,
            env: env.clone(),
            timeline_id: conf.timeline_id,
@@ -333,10 +296,8 @@ impl Endpoint {
            tenant_id: conf.tenant_id,
            pg_version: conf.pg_version,
            skip_pg_catalog_updates: conf.skip_pg_catalog_updates,
-            reconfigure_concurrency: conf.reconfigure_concurrency,
            drop_subscriptions_before_start: conf.drop_subscriptions_before_start,
            features: conf.features,
-            cluster: conf.cluster,
        })
    }

@@ -623,7 +584,7 @@ impl Endpoint {
        };

        // Create spec file
-        let mut spec = ComputeSpec {
+        let spec = ComputeSpec {
            skip_pg_catalog_updates: self.skip_pg_catalog_updates,
            format_version: 1.0,
            operation_uuid: None,
@@ -656,7 +617,7 @@ impl Endpoint {
                    Vec::new()
                },
                settings: None,
-                postgresql_conf: Some(postgresql_conf.clone()),
+                postgresql_conf: Some(postgresql_conf),
            },
            delta_operations: None,
            tenant_id: Some(self.tenant_id),
@@ -669,35 +630,9 @@ impl Endpoint {
            pgbouncer_settings: None,
            shard_stripe_size: Some(shard_stripe_size),
            local_proxy_config: None,
-            reconfigure_concurrency: self.reconfigure_concurrency,
+            reconfigure_concurrency: 1,
            drop_subscriptions_before_start: self.drop_subscriptions_before_start,
        };
-
-        // this strange code is needed to support respec() in tests
-        if self.cluster.is_some() {
-            debug!("Cluster is already set in the endpoint spec, using it");
-            spec.cluster = self.cluster.clone().unwrap();
-
-            debug!("spec.cluster {:?}", spec.cluster);
-
-            // fill missing fields again
-            if create_test_user {
-                spec.cluster.roles.push(Role {
-                    name: PgIdent::from_str("test").unwrap(),
-                    encrypted_password: None,
-                    options: None,
-                });
-                spec.cluster.databases.push(Database {
-                    name: PgIdent::from_str("neondb").unwrap(),
-                    owner: PgIdent::from_str("test").unwrap(),
-                    options: None,
-                    restrict_conn: false,
-                    invalid: false,
-                });
-            }
-            spec.cluster.postgresql_conf = Some(postgresql_conf);
-        }
-
        let spec_path = self.endpoint_path().join("spec.json");
        std::fs::write(spec_path, serde_json::to_string_pretty(&spec)?)?;

@@ -715,43 +650,24 @@ impl Endpoint {
            println!("Also at '{}'", conn_str);
        }
        let mut cmd = Command::new(self.env.neon_distrib_dir.join("compute_ctl"));
-        cmd.args([
-            "--external-http-port",
-            &self.external_http_address.port().to_string(),
-        ])
-        .args([
-            "--internal-http-port",
-            &self.internal_http_address.port().to_string(),
-        ])
-        .args(["--pgdata", self.pgdata().to_str().unwrap()])
-        .args(["--connstr", &conn_str])
-        .args([
-            "--spec-path",
-            self.endpoint_path().join("spec.json").to_str().unwrap(),
-        ])
-        .args([
-            "--pgbin",
-            self.env
-                .pg_bin_dir(self.pg_version)?
-                .join("postgres")
-                .to_str()
-                .unwrap(),
-        ])
-        // TODO: It would be nice if we generated compute IDs with the same
-        // algorithm as the real control plane.
-        .args([
-            "--compute-id",
-            &format!(
-                "compute-{}",
-                SystemTime::now()
-                    .duration_since(UNIX_EPOCH)
-                    .unwrap()
-                    .as_secs()
-            ),
-        ])
-        .stdin(std::process::Stdio::null())
-        .stderr(logfile.try_clone()?)
-        .stdout(logfile);
+        cmd.args(["--http-port", &self.http_address.port().to_string()])
+            .args(["--pgdata", self.pgdata().to_str().unwrap()])
+            .args(["--connstr", &conn_str])
+            .args([
+                "--spec-path",
+                self.endpoint_path().join("spec.json").to_str().unwrap(),
+            ])
+            .args([
+                "--pgbin",
+                self.env
+                    .pg_bin_dir(self.pg_version)?
+                    .join("postgres")
+                    .to_str()
+                    .unwrap(),
+            ])
+            .stdin(std::process::Stdio::null())
+            .stderr(logfile.try_clone()?)
+            .stdout(logfile);

        if let Some(remote_ext_config) = remote_ext_config {
            cmd.args(["--remote-ext-config", remote_ext_config]);
@@ -838,8 +754,8 @@ impl Endpoint {
                reqwest::Method::GET,
                format!(
                    "http://{}:{}/status",
-                    self.external_http_address.ip(),
-                    self.external_http_address.port()
+                    self.http_address.ip(),
+                    self.http_address.port()
                ),
            )
            .send()
@@ -912,17 +828,14 @@ impl Endpoint {
        let response = client
            .post(format!(
                "http://{}:{}/configure",
-                self.external_http_address.ip(),
-                self.external_http_address.port()
+                self.http_address.ip(),
+                self.http_address.port()
            ))
            .header(CONTENT_TYPE.as_str(), "application/json")
-            .body(
-                serde_json::to_string(&ConfigurationRequest {
-                    spec,
-                    compute_ctl_config: ComputeCtlConfig::default(),
-                })
-                .unwrap(),
-            )
+            .body(format!(
+                "{{\"spec\":{}}}",
+                serde_json::to_string_pretty(&spec)?
+            ))
            .send()
            .await?;

--- a/control_plane/src/pageserver.rs
+++ b/control_plane/src/pageserver.rs
@@ -357,16 +357,6 @@ impl PageServerNode {
                .map(serde_json::from_str)
                .transpose()
                .context("Failed to parse 'compaction_algorithm' json")?,
-            compaction_l0_first: settings
-                .remove("compaction_l0_first")
-                .map(|x| x.parse::<bool>())
-                .transpose()
-                .context("Failed to parse 'compaction_l0_first' as a bool")?,
-            compaction_l0_semaphore: settings
-                .remove("compaction_l0_semaphore")
-                .map(|x| x.parse::<bool>())
-                .transpose()
-                .context("Failed to parse 'compaction_l0_semaphore' as a bool")?,
            l0_flush_delay_threshold: settings
                .remove("l0_flush_delay_threshold")
                .map(|x| x.parse::<usize>())
@@ -398,11 +388,6 @@ impl PageServerNode {
                .map(|x| x.parse::<u8>())
                .transpose()
                .context("Failed to parse 'image_creation_check_threshold' as integer")?,
-            image_creation_preempt_threshold: settings
-                .remove("image_creation_preempt_threshold")
-                .map(|x| x.parse::<usize>())
-                .transpose()
-                .context("Failed to parse 'image_creation_preempt_threshold' as integer")?,
            pitr_interval: settings.remove("pitr_interval").map(|x| x.to_string()),
            walreceiver_connect_timeout: settings
                .remove("walreceiver_connect_timeout")
--- a/control_plane/src/safekeeper.rs
+++ b/control_plane/src/safekeeper.rs
@@ -17,10 +17,8 @@ use camino::Utf8PathBuf;
 use postgres_connection::PgConnectionConfig;
 use reqwest::{IntoUrl, Method};
 use thiserror::Error;
-
-use http_utils::error::HttpErrorBody;
 use utils::auth::{Claims, Scope};
-use utils::id::NodeId;
+use utils::{http::error::HttpErrorBody, id::NodeId};

 use crate::{
    background_process,
--- a/control_plane/src/storage_controller.rs
+++ b/control_plane/src/storage_controller.rs
@@ -221,17 +221,7 @@ impl StorageController {
            "-p",
            &format!("{}", postgres_port),
        ];
-        let pg_lib_dir = self.get_pg_lib_dir().await.unwrap();
-        let envs = [
-            ("LD_LIBRARY_PATH".to_owned(), pg_lib_dir.to_string()),
-            ("DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH".to_owned(), pg_lib_dir.to_string()),
-        ];
-        let exitcode = Command::new(bin_path)
-            .args(args)
-            .envs(envs)
-            .spawn()?
-            .wait()
-            .await?;
+        let exitcode = Command::new(bin_path).args(args).spawn()?.wait().await?;

        Ok(exitcode.success())
    }
@@ -252,11 +242,6 @@ impl StorageController {

        let pg_bin_dir = self.get_pg_bin_dir().await?;
        let createdb_path = pg_bin_dir.join("createdb");
-        let pg_lib_dir = self.get_pg_lib_dir().await.unwrap();
-        let envs = [
-            ("LD_LIBRARY_PATH".to_owned(), pg_lib_dir.to_string()),
-            ("DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH".to_owned(), pg_lib_dir.to_string()),
-        ];
        let output = Command::new(&createdb_path)
            .args([
                "-h",
@@ -269,7 +254,6 @@ impl StorageController {
                &username(),
                DB_NAME,
            ])
-            .envs(envs)
            .output()
            .await
            .expect("Failed to spawn createdb");
@@ -838,10 +822,7 @@ impl StorageController {
        self.dispatch(
            Method::PUT,
            format!("control/v1/tenant/{tenant_shard_id}/migrate"),
-            Some(TenantShardMigrateRequest {
-                node_id,
-                migration_config: None,
-            }),
+            Some(TenantShardMigrateRequest { node_id }),
        )
        .await
    }
--- a/control_plane/storcon_cli/src/main.rs
+++ b/control_plane/storcon_cli/src/main.rs
@@ -10,8 +10,8 @@ use pageserver_api::{
    controller_api::{
        AvailabilityZone, NodeAvailabilityWrapper, NodeDescribeResponse, NodeShardResponse,
        SafekeeperDescribeResponse, SafekeeperSchedulingPolicyRequest, ShardSchedulingPolicy,
-        ShardsPreferredAzsRequest, ShardsPreferredAzsResponse, SkSchedulingPolicy,
-        TenantCreateRequest, TenantDescribeResponse, TenantPolicyRequest,
+        ShardsPreferredAzsRequest, SkSchedulingPolicy, TenantCreateRequest, TenantDescribeResponse,
+        TenantPolicyRequest,
    },
    models::{
        EvictionPolicy, EvictionPolicyLayerAccessThreshold, LocationConfigSecondary,
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ use pageserver_api::{
 };
 use pageserver_client::mgmt_api::{self};
 use reqwest::{Method, StatusCode, Url};
-use utils::id::{NodeId, TenantId, TimelineId};
+use utils::id::{NodeId, TenantId};

 use pageserver_api::controller_api::{
    NodeConfigureRequest, NodeRegisterRequest, NodeSchedulingPolicy, PlacementPolicy,
@@ -47,9 +47,6 @@ enum Command {
        listen_http_addr: String,
        #[arg(long)]
        listen_http_port: u16,
-        #[arg(long)]
-        listen_https_port: Option<u16>,
-
        #[arg(long)]
        availability_zone_id: String,
    },
@@ -242,19 +239,6 @@ enum Command {
        #[arg(long)]
        scheduling_policy: SkSchedulingPolicyArg,
    },
-    /// Downloads any missing heatmap layers for all shard for a given timeline
-    DownloadHeatmapLayers {
-        /// Tenant ID or tenant shard ID. When an unsharded tenant ID is specified,
-        /// the operation is performed on all shards. When a sharded tenant ID is
-        /// specified, the operation is only performed on the specified shard.
-        #[arg(long)]
-        tenant_shard_id: TenantShardId,
-        #[arg(long)]
-        timeline_id: TimelineId,
-        /// Optional: Maximum download concurrency (default is 16)
-        #[arg(long)]
-        concurrency: Option<usize>,
-    },
 }

 #[derive(Parser)]
@@ -397,7 +381,6 @@ async fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
            listen_pg_port,
            listen_http_addr,
            listen_http_port,
-            listen_https_port,
            availability_zone_id,
        } => {
            storcon_client
@@ -410,7 +393,6 @@ async fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
                        listen_pg_port,
                        listen_http_addr,
                        listen_http_port,
-                        listen_https_port,
                        availability_zone_id: AvailabilityZone(availability_zone_id),
                    }),
                )
@@ -627,10 +609,7 @@ async fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
            tenant_shard_id,
            node,
        } => {
-            let req = TenantShardMigrateRequest {
-                node_id: node,
-                migration_config: None,
-            };
+            let req = TenantShardMigrateRequest { node_id: node };

            storcon_client
                .dispatch::<TenantShardMigrateRequest, TenantShardMigrateResponse>(
@@ -644,10 +623,7 @@ async fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
            tenant_shard_id,
            node,
        } => {
-            let req = TenantShardMigrateRequest {
-                node_id: node,
-                migration_config: None,
-            };
+            let req = TenantShardMigrateRequest { node_id: node };

            storcon_client
                .dispatch::<TenantShardMigrateRequest, TenantShardMigrateResponse>(
@@ -824,7 +800,7 @@ async fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
                    .collect(),
            };
            storcon_client
-                .dispatch::<ShardsPreferredAzsRequest, ShardsPreferredAzsResponse>(
+                .dispatch::<ShardsPreferredAzsRequest, ()>(
                    Method::PUT,
                    "control/v1/preferred_azs".to_string(),
                    Some(req),
@@ -1106,10 +1082,7 @@ async fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
                            .dispatch::<TenantShardMigrateRequest, TenantShardMigrateResponse>(
                                Method::PUT,
                                format!("control/v1/tenant/{}/migrate", mv.tenant_shard_id),
-                                Some(TenantShardMigrateRequest {
-                                    node_id: mv.to,
-                                    migration_config: None,
-                                }),
+                                Some(TenantShardMigrateRequest { node_id: mv.to }),
                            )
                            .await
                            .map_err(|e| (mv.tenant_shard_id, mv.from, mv.to, e))
@@ -1265,24 +1238,6 @@ async fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
                String::from(scheduling_policy)
            );
        }
-        Command::DownloadHeatmapLayers {
-            tenant_shard_id,
-            timeline_id,
-            concurrency,
-        } => {
-            let mut path = format!(
-                "/v1/tenant/{}/timeline/{}/download_heatmap_layers",
-                tenant_shard_id, timeline_id,
-            );
-
-            if let Some(c) = concurrency {
-                path = format!("{path}?concurrency={c}");
-            }
-
-            storcon_client
-                .dispatch::<(), ()>(Method::POST, path, None)
-                .await?;
-        }
    }

    Ok(())
--- a/deny.toml
+++ b/deny.toml
@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@ reason = "the marvin attack only affects private key decryption, not public key
 # https://embarkstudios.github.io/cargo-deny/checks/licenses/cfg.html
 [licenses]
 allow = [
-    "0BSD",
    "Apache-2.0",
    "BSD-2-Clause",
    "BSD-3-Clause",
--- a/docker-compose/compute_wrapper/Dockerfile
+++ b/docker-compose/compute_wrapper/Dockerfile
@@ -13,6 +13,6 @@ RUN echo 'Acquire::Retries "5";' > /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/80-retries && \
                       jq   \
                       netcat-openbsd
 #This is required for the pg_hintplan test
-RUN mkdir -p /ext-src/pg_hint_plan-src /postgres/contrib/file_fdw && chown postgres /ext-src/pg_hint_plan-src /postgres/contrib/file_fdw
+RUN mkdir -p /ext-src/pg_hint_plan-src && chown postgres /ext-src/pg_hint_plan-src

 USER postgres
--- a/docker-compose/compute_wrapper/shell/compute.sh
+++ b/docker-compose/compute_wrapper/shell/compute.sh
@@ -77,5 +77,4 @@ echo "Start compute node"
 /usr/local/bin/compute_ctl --pgdata /var/db/postgres/compute \
     -C "postgresql://cloud_admin@localhost:55433/postgres"  \
     -b /usr/local/bin/postgres                              \
-     --compute-id "compute-$RANDOM"                          \
     -S ${SPEC_FILE}
--- a/docker-compose/docker_compose_test.sh
+++ b/docker-compose/docker_compose_test.sh
@@ -52,7 +52,6 @@ for pg_version in ${TEST_VERSION_ONLY-14 15 16 17}; do

    if [ $pg_version -ge 16 ]; then
        docker cp ext-src $TEST_CONTAINER_NAME:/
-        docker exec $TEST_CONTAINER_NAME bash -c "apt update && apt install -y libtap-parser-sourcehandler-pgtap-perl"
        # This is required for the pg_hint_plan test, to prevent flaky log message causing the test to fail
        # It cannot be moved to Dockerfile now because the database directory is created after the start of the container
        echo Adding dummy config
@@ -62,27 +61,19 @@ for pg_version in ${TEST_VERSION_ONLY-14 15 16 17}; do
        docker cp $TEST_CONTAINER_NAME:/ext-src/pg_hint_plan-src/data $TMPDIR/data
        docker cp $TMPDIR/data $COMPUTE_CONTAINER_NAME:/ext-src/pg_hint_plan-src/
        rm -rf $TMPDIR
-        # The following block does the same for the contrib/file_fdw test
-        TMPDIR=$(mktemp -d)
-        docker cp $TEST_CONTAINER_NAME:/postgres/contrib/file_fdw/data $TMPDIR/data
-        docker cp $TMPDIR/data $COMPUTE_CONTAINER_NAME:/postgres/contrib/file_fdw/data
-        rm -rf $TMPDIR
-        # Apply patches
-        cat ../compute/patches/contrib_pg${pg_version}.patch | docker exec -i $TEST_CONTAINER_NAME bash -c "(cd /postgres && patch -p1)"
        # We are running tests now
-        rm -f testout.txt testout_contrib.txt
-        docker exec -e USE_PGXS=1 -e SKIP=timescaledb-src,rdkit-src,postgis-src,pgx_ulid-src,pg_tiktoken-src,pg_jsonschema-src,kq_imcx-src,wal2json_2_5-src \
-        $TEST_CONTAINER_NAME /run-tests.sh /ext-src | tee testout.txt && EXT_SUCCESS=1 || EXT_SUCCESS=0
-        docker exec -e SKIP=start-scripts,postgres_fdw,ltree_plpython,jsonb_plpython,jsonb_plperl,hstore_plpython,hstore_plperl,dblink,bool_plperl \
-        $TEST_CONTAINER_NAME /run-tests.sh /postgres/contrib | tee testout_contrib.txt && CONTRIB_SUCCESS=1 || CONTRIB_SUCCESS=0
-        if [ $EXT_SUCCESS -eq 0 ] || [ $CONTRIB_SUCCESS -eq 0 ]; then
-            CONTRIB_FAILED=
-            FAILED=
-            [ $EXT_SUCCESS -eq 0 ] && FAILED=$(tail -1 testout.txt | awk '{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++){print "/ext-src/"$i;}}')
-            [ $CONTRIB_SUCCESS -eq 0 ] && CONTRIB_FAILED=$(tail -1 testout_contrib.txt | awk '{for(i=0;i<=NF;i++){print "/postgres/contrib/"$i;}}')
-            for d in $FAILED $CONTRIB_FAILED; do
-                docker exec $TEST_CONTAINER_NAME bash -c 'for file in $(find '"$d"' -name regression.diffs -o -name regression.out); do cat $file; done' || [ $? -eq 1 ]
+        if ! docker exec -e SKIP=timescaledb-src,rdkit-src,postgis-src,pgx_ulid-src,pgtap-src,pg_tiktoken-src,pg_jsonschema-src,kq_imcx-src,wal2json_2_5-src \
+            $TEST_CONTAINER_NAME /run-tests.sh | tee testout.txt
+        then
+            FAILED=$(tail -1 testout.txt)
+            for d in $FAILED
+            do
+                mkdir $d
+                docker cp $TEST_CONTAINER_NAME:/ext-src/$d/regression.diffs $d || true
+                docker cp $TEST_CONTAINER_NAME:/ext-src/$d/regression.out $d || true
+                cat $d/regression.out $d/regression.diffs || true
            done
+        rm -rf $FAILED
        exit 1
        fi
    fi
--- a/docker-compose/ext-src/pg_repack-src/test-upgrade.sh
+++ b/docker-compose/ext-src/pg_repack-src/test-upgrade.sh
@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-set -ex
-cd "$(dirname ${0})"
-PG_REGRESS=$(dirname "$(pg_config --pgxs)")/../test/regress/pg_regress
-${PG_REGRESS} --use-existing --inputdir=./regress --bindir='/usr/local/pgsql/bin' --dbname=contrib_regression repack-setup repack-run error-on-invalid-idx no-error-on-invalid-idx after-schema repack-check nosuper get_order_by trigger
--- a/docker-compose/ext-src/pg_semver-src/test-upgrade-17.patch
+++ b/docker-compose/ext-src/pg_semver-src/test-upgrade-17.patch
@@ -1,24 +0,0 @@
-diff --git a/test/sql/base.sql b/test/sql/base.sql
-index 53adb30..2eed91b 100644
--- a/test/sql/base.sql
-+++ b/test/sql/base.sql
-@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
- BEGIN;
- 
- \i test/pgtap-core.sql
-CREATE EXTENSION semver;
- 
- SELECT plan(334);
- --SELECT * FROM no_plan();
-diff --git a/test/sql/corpus.sql b/test/sql/corpus.sql
-index c0fe98e..39cdd2e 100644
--- a/test/sql/corpus.sql
-+++ b/test/sql/corpus.sql
-@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ BEGIN;
- -- Test the SemVer corpus from https://regex101.com/r/Ly7O1x/3/.
- 
- \i test/pgtap-core.sql
-CREATE EXTENSION semver;
- 
- SELECT plan(76);
- --SELECT * FROM no_plan();
--- a/docker-compose/ext-src/pg_semver-src/test-upgrade-16.patch
+++ b/docker-compose/ext-src/pg_semver-src/test-upgrade-16.patch
--- a/docker-compose/ext-src/pg_semver-src/test-upgrade.sh
+++ b/docker-compose/ext-src/pg_semver-src/test-upgrade.sh
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 set -ex
 cd "$(dirname ${0})"
-patch -p1 <test-upgrade-${PG_VERSION}.patch
-psql -d contrib_regression -c "DROP EXTENSION IF EXISTS pgtap"
+patch -p1 <test-upgrade.patch
 PG_REGRESS=$(dirname "$(pg_config --pgxs)")/../test/regress/pg_regress
 ${PG_REGRESS} --use-existing --inputdir=./ --bindir='/usr/local/pgsql/bin'    --inputdir=test --dbname=contrib_regression base corpus
--- a/docker-compose/ext-src/pgjwt-src/neon-test.sh
+++ b/docker-compose/ext-src/pgjwt-src/neon-test.sh
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/bash
-set -ex
-cd "$(dirname "${0}")"
-pg_prove test.sql
--- a/docker-compose/ext-src/pgjwt-src/test-upgrade.patch
+++ b/docker-compose/ext-src/pgjwt-src/test-upgrade.patch
@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-diff --git a/test.sql b/test.sql
-index d7a0ca8..f15bc76 100644
--- a/test.sql
-+++ b/test.sql
-@@ -9,9 +9,7 @@
- \set ON_ERROR_STOP true
- \set QUIET 1
- 
-CREATE EXTENSION pgcrypto;
-CREATE EXTENSION pgtap;
-CREATE EXTENSION pgjwt;
-+CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS pgtap;
- 
- BEGIN;
- SELECT plan(23);
--- a/docker-compose/ext-src/pgjwt-src/test-upgrade.sh
+++ b/docker-compose/ext-src/pgjwt-src/test-upgrade.sh
@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-set -ex
-cd "$(dirname ${0})"
-patch -p1 <test-upgrade.patch
-pg_prove -d contrib_regression test.sql
--- a/docker-compose/ext-src/pgtap-src/test-upgrade.patch
+++ b/docker-compose/ext-src/pgtap-src/test-upgrade.patch
@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
-index f255fe6..0a0fa65 100644
--- a/Makefile
-+++ b/Makefile
-@@ -346,7 +346,7 @@ test: test-serial test-parallel
- TB_DIR = test/build
- GENERATED_SCHEDULE_DEPS = $(TB_DIR)/all_tests $(TB_DIR)/exclude_tests
- REGRESS = --schedule $(TB_DIR)/run.sch # Set this again just to be safe
-REGRESS_OPTS = --inputdir=test --max-connections=$(PARALLEL_CONN) --schedule $(SETUP_SCH) $(REGRESS_CONF)
-+REGRESS_OPTS = --use-existing --dbname=pgtap_regression --inputdir=test --max-connections=$(PARALLEL_CONN) --schedule $(SETUP_SCH) $(REGRESS_CONF)
- SETUP_SCH = test/schedule/main.sch # schedule to use for test setup; this can be forcibly changed by some targets!
- IGNORE_TESTS = $(notdir $(EXCLUDE_TEST_FILES:.sql=))
- PARALLEL_TESTS = $(filter-out $(IGNORE_TESTS),$(filter-out $(SERIAL_TESTS),$(ALL_TESTS)))
-diff --git a/test/schedule/create.sql b/test/schedule/create.sql
-index ba355ed..7e250f5 100644
--- a/test/schedule/create.sql
-+++ b/test/schedule/create.sql
-@@ -1,3 +1,2 @@
- \unset ECHO
- \i test/psql.sql
-CREATE EXTENSION pgtap;
-diff --git a/test/schedule/main.sch b/test/schedule/main.sch
-index a8a5fbc..0463fc4 100644
--- a/test/schedule/main.sch
-+++ b/test/schedule/main.sch
-@@ -1,2 +1 @@
-test: build
- test: create
--- a/docker-compose/ext-src/pgtap-src/test-upgrade.sh
+++ b/docker-compose/ext-src/pgtap-src/test-upgrade.sh
@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-set -ex
-cd "$(dirname ${0})"
-patch -p1 <test-upgrade.patch
-make installcheck
--- a/docker-compose/ext-src/plv8-src/test-upgrade.sh
+++ b/docker-compose/ext-src/plv8-src/test-upgrade.sh
@@ -2,5 +2,4 @@
 set -ex
 cd "$(dirname ${0})"
 PG_REGRESS=$(dirname "$(pg_config --pgxs)")/../test/regress/pg_regress
-REGRESS="$(make -n installcheck | awk '{print substr($0,index($0,"init-extension")+15);}')"
-${PG_REGRESS} --inputdir=./ --bindir='/usr/local/pgsql/bin'  --use-existing --dbname=contrib_regression ${REGRESS}
+${PG_REGRESS} --inputdir=./ --bindir='/usr/local/pgsql/bin'  --use-existing --dbname=contrib_regression plv8 plv8-errors scalar_args inline json startup_pre startup varparam json_conv jsonb_conv window guc es6 arraybuffer composites currentresource startup_perms bytea find_function_perms memory_limits reset show array_spread regression dialect bigint procedure
--- a/docker-compose/run-tests.sh
+++ b/docker-compose/run-tests.sh
@@ -1,11 +1,9 @@
 #!/bin/bash
 set -x

-extdir=${1}
-
-cd "${extdir}" || exit 2
+cd /ext-src || exit 2
 FAILED=
-LIST=$( (echo -e "${SKIP//","/"\n"}"; ls) | sort | uniq -u)
+LIST=$( (echo -e "${SKIP//","/"\n"}"; ls -d -- *-src) | sort | uniq -u)
 for d in ${LIST}; do
    [ -d "${d}" ] || continue
    if ! psql -w -c "select 1" >/dev/null; then
--- a/docker-compose/test_extensions_upgrade.sh
+++ b/docker-compose/test_extensions_upgrade.sh
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ if [ -z ${OLDTAG+x} ] || [ -z ${NEWTAG+x} ] || [ -z "${OLDTAG}" ] || [ -z "${NEW
  exit 1
 fi
 export PG_VERSION=${PG_VERSION:-16}
-export PG_TEST_VERSION=${PG_VERSION}
 function wait_for_ready {
  TIME=0
  while ! docker compose logs compute_is_ready | grep -q "accepting connections" && [ ${TIME} -le 300 ] ; do
@@ -25,7 +24,7 @@ function wait_for_ready {
 }
 function create_extensions() {
  for ext in ${1}; do
-    docker compose exec neon-test-extensions psql -X -v ON_ERROR_STOP=1 -d contrib_regression -c "CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS ${ext} CASCADE"
+    docker compose exec neon-test-extensions psql -X -v ON_ERROR_STOP=1 -d contrib_regression -c "CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS ${ext}"
  done
 }
 EXTENSIONS='[
@@ -41,10 +40,7 @@ EXTENSIONS='[
 {"extname": "pg_uuidv7", "extdir": "pg_uuidv7-src"},
 {"extname": "roaringbitmap", "extdir": "pg_roaringbitmap-src"},
 {"extname": "semver", "extdir": "pg_semver-src"},
-{"extname": "pg_ivm", "extdir": "pg_ivm-src"},
-{"extname": "pgjwt", "extdir": "pgjwt-src"},
-{"extname": "pgtap", "extdir": "pgtap-src"},
-{"extname": "pg_repack", "extdir": "pg_repack-src"}
+{"extname": "pg_ivm", "extdir": "pg_ivm-src"}
 ]'
 EXTNAMES=$(echo ${EXTENSIONS} | jq -r '.[].extname' | paste -sd ' ' -)
 TAG=${NEWTAG} docker compose --profile test-extensions up --quiet-pull --build -d
@@ -60,15 +56,9 @@ wait_for_ready
 docker compose cp  ext-src neon-test-extensions:/
 docker compose exec neon-test-extensions psql -c "DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS contrib_regression"
 docker compose exec neon-test-extensions psql -c "CREATE DATABASE contrib_regression"
-docker compose exec neon-test-extensions psql -c "CREATE DATABASE pgtap_regression"
-docker compose exec neon-test-extensions psql -d pgtap_regression -c "CREATE EXTENSION pgtap"
 create_extensions "${EXTNAMES}"
-if [ "${FORCE_ALL_UPGRADE_TESTS:-false}" = true ]; then
-  exts="${EXTNAMES}"
-else
-  query="select pge.extname from pg_extension pge join (select key as extname, value as extversion from json_each_text('${new_vers}')) x on pge.extname=x.extname and pge.extversion <> x.extversion"
-  exts=$(docker compose exec neon-test-extensions psql -Aqt -d contrib_regression -c "$query")
-fi
+query="select pge.extname from pg_extension pge join (select key as extname, value as extversion from json_each_text('${new_vers}')) x on pge.extname=x.extname and pge.extversion <> x.extversion"
+exts=$(docker compose exec neon-test-extensions psql -Aqt -d contrib_regression -c "$query")
 if [ -z "${exts}" ]; then
  echo "No extensions were upgraded"
 else
@@ -96,10 +86,7 @@ else
      exit 1
    fi
    docker compose exec neon-test-extensions psql -d contrib_regression -c "\dx ${ext}"
-    if ! docker compose exec neon-test-extensions sh -c /ext-src/${EXTDIR}/test-upgrade.sh; then
-      docker  compose exec neon-test-extensions  cat /ext-src/${EXTDIR}/regression.diffs
-      exit 1
-    fi
+    docker compose exec neon-test-extensions sh -c /ext-src/${EXTDIR}/test-upgrade.sh
    docker compose exec neon-test-extensions psql -d contrib_regression -c "alter extension ${ext} update"
    docker compose exec neon-test-extensions psql -d contrib_regression -c "\dx ${ext}"
  done
--- a/docs/rfcs/035-safekeeper-dynamic-membership-change.md
+++ b/docs/rfcs/035-safekeeper-dynamic-membership-change.md
@@ -285,10 +285,10 @@ To summarize, list of cplane changes:

 ### storage_controller implementation

-If desired, we may continue using current 'load everything on startup and keep
-in memory' approach: single timeline shouldn't take more than 100 bytes (it's 16
-byte tenant_id, 16 byte timeline_id, int generation, vec of ~3 safekeeper ids
-plus some flags), so 10^6 of timelines shouldn't take more than 100MB.
+Current 'load everything on startup and keep in memory' easy design is fine.
+Single timeline shouldn't take more than 100 bytes (it's 16 byte tenant_id, 16
+byte timeline_id, int generation, vec of ~3 safekeeper ids plus some flags), so
+10^6 of timelines shouldn't take more than 100MB.

 Similar to pageserver attachment Intents storage_controller would have in-memory
 `MigrationRequest` (or its absense) for each timeline and pool of tasks trying
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@ to make these request reality; this ensures one instance of storage_controller
 won't do several migrations on the same timeline concurrently. In the first
 version it is simpler to have more manual control and no retries, i.e. migration
 failure removes the request. Later we can build retries and automatic
-scheduling/migration around. `MigrationRequest` is
+scheduling/migration. `MigrationRequest` is
 ```
 enum MigrationRequest {
    To(Vec<NodeId>),
@@ -313,9 +313,9 @@ similarly, in the first version it is ok to trigger it manually).
 #### Schema

 `safekeepers` table mirroring current `nodes` should be added, except that for
-`scheduling_policy`: it is enough to have at least in the beginning only 3
-fields: 1) `active` 2) `paused` (initially means only not assign new tlis there
-3) `decomissioned` (node is removed).
+`scheduling_policy` field (seems like `status` is a better name for it): it is enough
+to have at least in the beginning only 3 fields: 1) `active` 2) `offline` 3)
+`decomissioned`.

 `timelines` table:
 ```
@@ -324,24 +324,18 @@ table! {
    timelines (tenant_id, timeline_id) {
        timeline_id -> Varchar,
        tenant_id -> Varchar,
-        start_lsn -> pg_lsn,
        generation -> Int4,
        sk_set -> Array<Int4>, // list of safekeeper ids
-        new_sk_set -> Nullable<Array<Int8>>, // list of safekeeper ids, null if not joint conf
+        new_sk_set -> Nullable<Array<Int4>>, // list of safekeeper ids, null if not joint conf
        cplane_notified_generation -> Int4,
-        deleted_at -> Nullable<Timestamptz>,
    }
 }
 ```

-`start_lsn` is needed to create timeline on safekeepers properly, see below. We
-might also want to add ancestor_timeline_id to preserve the hierarchy, but for
-this RFC it is not needed.
-
 #### API

 Node management is similar to pageserver:
-1) POST `/control/v1/safekeepers` inserts safekeeper.
+1) POST `/control/v1/safekeepers` upserts safekeeper.
 2) GET `/control/v1/safekeepers` lists safekeepers.
 3) GET `/control/v1/safekeepers/:node_id` gets safekeeper.
 4) PUT `/control/v1/safekepers/:node_id/status` changes status to e.g.
@@ -351,15 +345,25 @@ Node management is similar to pageserver:
 Safekeeper deploy scripts should register safekeeper at storage_contorller as
 they currently do with cplane, under the same id.

-Timeline creation/deletion will work through already existing POST and DELETE
-`tenant/:tenant_id/timeline`. Cplane is expected to retry both until they
-succeed. See next section on the implementation details.
+Timeline creation/deletion: already existing POST `tenant/:tenant_id/timeline`
+would 1) choose initial set of safekeepers; 2) write to the db initial
+`Configuration` with `INSERT ON CONFLICT DO NOTHING` returning existing row in
+case of conflict; 3) create timeline on the majority of safekeepers (already
+created is ok).

-We don't want to block timeline creation/deletion when one safekeeper is down.
-Currently this is crutched by compute implicitly creating timeline on any
-safekeeper it is connected to. This creates ugly timeline state on safekeeper
-when timeline is created, but start LSN is not defined yet. Next section
-describes dealing with this.
+We don't want to block timeline creation when one safekeeper is down. Currently
+this is solved by compute implicitly creating timeline on any safekeeper it is
+connected to. This creates ugly timeline state on safekeeper when timeline is
+created, but start LSN is not defined yet. It would be nice to remove this; to
+do that, controller can in the background retry to create timeline on
+safekeeper(s) which missed that during initial creation call. It can do that
+through `pull_timeline` from majority so it doesn't need to remember
+`parent_lsn` in its db.
+
+Timeline deletion removes the row from the db and forwards deletion to the
+current configuration members. Without additional actions deletions might leak,
+see below on this; initially let's ignore these, reporting to cplane success if
+at least one safekeeper deleted the timeline (this will remove s3 data).

 Tenant deletion repeats timeline deletion for all timelines.

@@ -391,6 +395,26 @@ Similar call should be added for the tenant.
 It would be great to have some way of subscribing to the results (apart from
 looking at logs/metrics).

+Migration is executed as described above. One subtlety is that (local) deletion on
+source safekeeper might fail, which is not a problem if we are going to
+decomission the node but leaves garbage otherwise. I'd propose in the first version
+1) Don't attempt deletion at all if node status is `offline`.
+2) If it failed, just issue warning.
+And add PUT `/control/v1/safekeepers/:node_id/scrub` endpoint which would find and
+remove garbage timelines for manual use. It will 1) list all timelines on the
+safekeeper 2) compare each one against configuration storage: if timeline
+doesn't exist at all (had been deleted), it can be deleted. Otherwise, it can
+be deleted under generation number if node is not member of current generation.
+
+Automating this is untrivial; we'd need to register all potential missing
+deletions <tenant_id, timeline_id, generation, node_id> in the same transaction
+which switches configurations. Similarly when timeline is fully deleted to
+prevent cplane operation from blocking when some safekeeper is not available
+deletion should be also registered.
+
+One more task pool should infinitely retry notifying control plane about changed
+safekeeper sets.
+
 3) GET `/control/v1/tenant/:tenant_id/timeline/:timeline_id/` should return
   current in memory state of the timeline and pending `MigrationRequest`,
   if any.
@@ -399,153 +423,12 @@ looking at logs/metrics).
   migration by switching configuration from the joint to the one with (previous) `sk_set` under CAS
   (incrementing generation as always).

-#### API implementation and reconciliation
-
-For timeline creation/deletion we want to preserve the basic assumption that
-unreachable minority (1 sk of 3) doesn't block their completion, but eventually
-we want to finish creation/deletion on nodes which missed it (unless they are
-removed). Similarly for migration; it may and should finish even though excluded
-members missed their exclusion. And of course e.g. such pending exclusion on
-node C after migration ABC -> ABD must not prevent next migration ABD -> ABE. As
-another example, if some node missed timeline creation it clearly must not block
-migration from it. Hence it is natural to have per safekeeper background
-reconciler which retries these ops until they succeed. There are 3 possible
-operation types, and the type is defined by timeline state (membership
-configuration and whether it is deleted) and safekeeper id: we may need to
-create timeline on sk (node added), locally delete it (node excluded, somewhat
-similar to detach) or globally delete it (timeline is deleted).
-
-Next, on storage controller restart in principle these pending operations can be
-figured out by comparing safekeepers state against storcon state. But it seems
-better to me to materialize them in the database; it is not expensive, avoids
-these startup scans which themselves can fail etc and makes it very easy to see
-outstanding work directly at the source of truth -- the db. So we can add table
-`safekeeper_timeline_pending_ops`
-```
-table! {
-    // timeline_id, sk_id is primary key
-    safekeeper_timeline_pending_ops (sk_id, tenant_id, timeline_id) {
-        sk_id -> int8,
-        tenant_id -> Varchar,
-        timeline_id -> Varchar,
-        generation -> Int4,
-        op_type -> Varchar,
-    }
-}
-```
-
-`op_type` can be `include` (seed from peers and ensure generation is up to
-date), `exclude` (remove locally) and `delete`. Field is actually not strictly
-needed as it can be computed from current configuration, but gives more explicit
-observability.
-
-`generation` is necessary there because after op is done reconciler must remove
-it and not remove another row with higher gen which in theory might appear.
-
-Any insert of row should overwrite (remove) all rows with the same sk and
-timeline id but lower `generation` as next op makes previous obsolete. Insertion
-of `op_type` `delete` overwrites all rows.
-
-About `exclude`: rather than adding explicit safekeeper http endpoint, it is
-reasonable to reuse membership switch endpoint: if safekeeper is not member
-of the configuration it locally removes the timeline on the switch. In this case
-404 should also be considered an 'ok' answer by the caller.
-
-So, main loop of per sk reconcile reads `safekeeper_timeline_pending_ops`
-joined with timeline configuration to get current conf (with generation `n`)
-for the safekeeper and does the jobs, infinitely retrying failures:
-1) If node is member (`include`):
-  - Check if timeline exists on it, if not, call pull_timeline on it from 
-     other members
-  - Call switch configuration to the current
-2) If node is not member (`exclude`):
-  - Call switch configuration to the current, 404 is ok.
-3) If timeline is deleted (`delete`), call delete.
-
-In cases 1 and 2 remove `safekeeper_timeline_pending_ops` for the sk and 
-timeline with generation <= `n` if `op_type` is not `delete`.
-In case 3 also remove `safekeeper_timeline_pending_ops` 
-entry + remove `timelines` entry if there is nothing left  in `safekeeper_timeline_pending_ops` for the timeline.
-
-Let's consider in details how APIs can be implemented from this angle.
-
-Timeline creation. It is assumed that cplane retries it until success, so all
-actions must be idempotent. Now, a tricky point here is timeline start LSN. For
-the initial (tenant creation) call cplane doesn't know it. However, setting
-start_lsn on safekeepers during creation is a good thing -- it provides a
-guarantee that walproposer can always find a common point in WAL histories of
-safekeeper and its own, and so absense of it would be a clear sign of
-corruption. The following sequence works:
-1) Create timeline (or observe that it exists) on pageserver,
-   figuring out last_record_lsn in response.
-2) Choose safekeepers and insert (ON CONFLICT DO NOTHING) timeline row into the
-   db. Note that last_record_lsn returned on the previous step is movable as it
-   changes once ingestion starts, insert must not overwrite it (as well as other
-   fields like membership conf). On the contrary, start_lsn used in the next
-   step must be set to the value in the db. cplane_notified_generation can be set
-   to 1 (initial generation) in insert to avoid notifying cplane about initial 
-   conf as cplane will receive it in timeline creation request anyway.
-3) Issue timeline creation calls to at least majority of safekeepers. Using
-   majority here is not necessary but handy because it guarantees that any live
-   majority will have at least one sk with created timeline and so
-   reconciliation task can use pull_timeline shared with migration instead of
-   create timeline special init case. OFC if timeline is already exists call is
-   ignored.
-4) For minority of safekeepers which could have missed creation insert
-   entries to `safekeeper_timeline_pending_ops`. We won't miss this insertion 
-   because response to cplane is sent only after it has happened, and cplane 
-   retries the call until 200 response.
-
-   There is a small question how request handler (timeline creation in this
-   case) would interact with per sk reconciler. As always I prefer to do the
-   simplest possible thing and here it seems to be just waking it up so it
-   re-reads the db for work to do. Passing work in memory is faster, but
-   that shouldn't matter, and path to scan db for work will exist anyway, 
-   simpler to reuse it.
-
-For pg version / wal segment size: while we may persist them in `timelines`
-table, it is not necessary as initial creation at step 3 can take them from
-pageserver or cplane creation call and later pull_timeline will carry them
-around.
-
-Timeline migration.
-1) CAS to the db to create joint conf, and in the same transaction create
-   `safekeeper_timeline_pending_ops` `include` entries to initialize new members
-   as well as deliver this conf to current ones; poke per sk reconcilers to work
-   on it. Also any conf change should also poke cplane notifier task(s).
-2) Once it becomes possible per alg description above, get out of joint conf
-   with another CAS. Task should get wakeups from per sk reconcilers because 
-   conf switch is required for advancement; however retries should be sleep
-   based as well as LSN advancement might be needed, though in happy path 
-   it isn't. To see whether further transition is possible on wakup migration
-   executor polls safekeepers per the algorithm. CAS creating new conf with only
-   new members should again insert entries to `safekeeper_timeline_pending_ops`
-   to switch them there, as well as `exclude` rows to remove timeline from 
-   old members.
-
-Timeline deletion: just set `deleted_at` on the timeline row and insert
-`safekeeper_timeline_pending_ops` entries in the same xact, the rest is done by
-per sk reconcilers.
-
-When node is removed (set to `decomissioned`), `safekeeper_timeline_pending_ops`
-for it must be cleared in the same transaction.
-
-One more task pool should infinitely retry notifying control plane about changed
-safekeeper sets (trying making `cplane_notified_generation` equal `generation`).
-
 #### Dealing with multiple instances of storage_controller

 Operations described above executed concurrently might create some errors but do
 not prevent progress, so while we normally don't want to run multiple instances
 of storage_controller it is fine to have it temporarily, e.g. during redeploy.

-To harden against some controller instance creating some work in
-`safekeeper_timeline_pending_ops` and then disappearing without anyone pickup up
-the job per sk reconcilers apart from explicit wakups should scan for work
-periodically. It is possible to remove that though if all db updates are
-protected with leadership token/term -- then such scans are needed only after
-leadership is acquired.
-
 Any interactions with db update in-memory controller state, e.g. if migration
 request failed because different one is in progress, controller remembers that
 and tries to finish it.
@@ -662,7 +545,7 @@ Aurora does this but similarly I don't think this is needed.

 We should use Compute <-> safekeeper protocol change to include other (long
 yearned) modifications:
- send data in network order without putting whole structs to be arch independent
+- send data in network order to make arm work.
 - remove term_start_lsn from AppendRequest
 - add horizon to TermHistory
 - add to ProposerGreeting number of connection from this wp to sk
--- a/libs/compute_api/Cargo.toml
+++ b/libs/compute_api/Cargo.toml
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ license.workspace = true
 [dependencies]
 anyhow.workspace = true
 chrono.workspace = true
-jsonwebtoken.workspace = true
 serde.workspace = true
 serde_json.workspace = true
 regex.workspace = true
--- a/libs/compute_api/src/requests.rs
+++ b/libs/compute_api/src/requests.rs
@@ -1,20 +1,18 @@
 //! Structs representing the JSON formats used in the compute_ctl's HTTP API.
 use crate::{
    privilege::Privilege,
-    responses::ComputeCtlConfig,
    spec::{ComputeSpec, ExtVersion, PgIdent},
 };
-use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use serde::Deserialize;

 /// Request of the /configure API
 ///
 /// We now pass only `spec` in the configuration request, but later we can
 /// extend it and something like `restart: bool` or something else. So put
 /// `spec` into a struct initially to be more flexible in the future.
-#[derive(Debug, Deserialize, Serialize)]
+#[derive(Deserialize, Debug)]
 pub struct ConfigurationRequest {
    pub spec: ComputeSpec,
-    pub compute_ctl_config: ComputeCtlConfig,
 }

 #[derive(Deserialize, Debug)]
--- a/libs/compute_api/src/responses.rs
+++ b/libs/compute_api/src/responses.rs
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 use std::fmt::Display;

 use chrono::{DateTime, Utc};
-use jsonwebtoken::jwk::JwkSet;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize, Serializer};

 use crate::{
@@ -136,27 +135,13 @@ pub struct CatalogObjects {
    pub databases: Vec<Database>,
 }

-#[derive(Debug, Deserialize, Serialize)]
-pub struct ComputeCtlConfig {
-    pub jwks: JwkSet,
-}
-
-impl Default for ComputeCtlConfig {
-    fn default() -> Self {
-        Self {
-            jwks: JwkSet {
-                keys: Vec::default(),
-            },
-        }
-    }
-}
-
 /// Response of the `/computes/{compute_id}/spec` control-plane API.
+/// This is not actually a compute API response, so consider moving
+/// to a different place.
 #[derive(Deserialize, Debug)]
 pub struct ControlPlaneSpecResponse {
    pub spec: Option<ComputeSpec>,
    pub status: ControlPlaneComputeStatus,
-    pub compute_ctl_config: ComputeCtlConfig,
 }

 #[derive(Deserialize, Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
--- a/libs/compute_api/src/spec.rs
+++ b/libs/compute_api/src/spec.rs
@@ -204,16 +204,14 @@ impl RemoteExtSpec {

        // Check if extension is present in public or custom.
        // If not, then it is not allowed to be used by this compute.
-        if !self
-            .public_extensions
-            .as_ref()
-            .is_some_and(|exts| exts.iter().any(|e| e == real_ext_name))
-            && !self
-                .custom_extensions
-                .as_ref()
-                .is_some_and(|exts| exts.iter().any(|e| e == real_ext_name))
-        {
-            return Err(anyhow::anyhow!("extension {} is not found", real_ext_name));
+        if let Some(public_extensions) = &self.public_extensions {
+            if !public_extensions.contains(&real_ext_name.to_string()) {
+                if let Some(custom_extensions) = &self.custom_extensions {
+                    if !custom_extensions.contains(&real_ext_name.to_string()) {
+                        return Err(anyhow::anyhow!("extension {} is not found", real_ext_name));
+                    }
+                }
+            }
        }

        match self.extension_data.get(real_ext_name) {
@@ -252,7 +250,7 @@ pub enum ComputeMode {
    Replica,
 }

-#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, Deserialize, Serialize, PartialEq, Eq)]
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, Deserialize, Serialize)]
 pub struct Cluster {
    pub cluster_id: Option<String>,
    pub name: Option<String>,
@@ -283,7 +281,7 @@ pub struct DeltaOp {

 /// Rust representation of Postgres role info with only those fields
 /// that matter for us.
-#[derive(Clone, Debug, Deserialize, Serialize, PartialEq, Eq)]
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Deserialize, Serialize)]
 pub struct Role {
    pub name: PgIdent,
    pub encrypted_password: Option<String>,
@@ -292,7 +290,7 @@ pub struct Role {

 /// Rust representation of Postgres database info with only those fields
 /// that matter for us.
-#[derive(Clone, Debug, Deserialize, Serialize, PartialEq, Eq)]
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Deserialize, Serialize)]
 pub struct Database {
    pub name: PgIdent,
    pub owner: PgIdent,
@@ -308,7 +306,7 @@ pub struct Database {
 /// Common type representing both SQL statement params with or without value,
 /// like `LOGIN` or `OWNER username` in the `CREATE/ALTER ROLE`, and config
 /// options like `wal_level = logical`.
-#[derive(Clone, Debug, Deserialize, Serialize, PartialEq, Eq)]
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Deserialize, Serialize)]
 pub struct GenericOption {
    pub name: String,
    pub value: Option<String>,
@@ -342,102 +340,6 @@ mod tests {
    use super::*;
    use std::fs::File;

-    #[test]
-    fn allow_installing_remote_extensions() {
-        let rspec: RemoteExtSpec = serde_json::from_value(serde_json::json!({
-            "public_extensions": null,
-            "custom_extensions": null,
-            "library_index": {},
-            "extension_data": {},
-        }))
-        .unwrap();
-
-        rspec
-            .get_ext("ext", false, "latest", "v17")
-            .expect_err("Extension should not be found");
-
-        let rspec: RemoteExtSpec = serde_json::from_value(serde_json::json!({
-            "public_extensions": [],
-            "custom_extensions": null,
-            "library_index": {},
-            "extension_data": {},
-        }))
-        .unwrap();
-
-        rspec
-            .get_ext("ext", false, "latest", "v17")
-            .expect_err("Extension should not be found");
-
-        let rspec: RemoteExtSpec = serde_json::from_value(serde_json::json!({
-            "public_extensions": [],
-            "custom_extensions": [],
-            "library_index": {
-                "ext": "ext"
-            },
-            "extension_data": {
-                "ext": {
-                    "control_data": {
-                        "ext.control": ""
-                    },
-                    "archive_path": ""
-                }
-            },
-        }))
-        .unwrap();
-
-        rspec
-            .get_ext("ext", false, "latest", "v17")
-            .expect_err("Extension should not be found");
-
-        let rspec: RemoteExtSpec = serde_json::from_value(serde_json::json!({
-            "public_extensions": [],
-            "custom_extensions": ["ext"],
-            "library_index": {
-                "ext": "ext"
-            },
-            "extension_data": {
-                "ext": {
-                    "control_data": {
-                        "ext.control": ""
-                    },
-                    "archive_path": ""
-                }
-            },
-        }))
-        .unwrap();
-
-        rspec
-            .get_ext("ext", false, "latest", "v17")
-            .expect("Extension should be found");
-
-        let rspec: RemoteExtSpec = serde_json::from_value(serde_json::json!({
-            "public_extensions": ["ext"],
-            "custom_extensions": [],
-            "library_index": {
-                "extlib": "ext",
-            },
-            "extension_data": {
-                "ext": {
-                    "control_data": {
-                        "ext.control": ""
-                    },
-                    "archive_path": ""
-                }
-            },
-        }))
-        .unwrap();
-
-        rspec
-            .get_ext("ext", false, "latest", "v17")
-            .expect("Extension should be found");
-
-        // test library index for the case when library name
-        // doesn't match the extension name
-        rspec
-            .get_ext("extlib", true, "latest", "v17")
-            .expect("Library should be found");
-    }
-
    #[test]
    fn parse_spec_file() {
        let file = File::open("tests/cluster_spec.json").unwrap();
--- a/libs/http-utils/Cargo.toml
+++ b/libs/http-utils/Cargo.toml
@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-[package]
-name = "http-utils"
-version = "0.1.0"
-edition.workspace = true
-license.workspace = true
-
-[dependencies]
-anyhow.workspace = true
-backtrace.workspace = true
-bytes.workspace = true
-inferno.workspace = true
-fail.workspace = true
-flate2.workspace = true
-hyper0.workspace = true
-itertools.workspace = true
-jemalloc_pprof.workspace = true
-once_cell.workspace = true
-pprof.workspace = true
-regex.workspace = true
-routerify.workspace = true
-serde.workspace = true
-serde_json.workspace = true
-serde_path_to_error.workspace = true
-thiserror.workspace = true
-tracing.workspace = true
-tokio.workspace = true
-tokio-util.workspace = true
-url.workspace = true
-uuid.workspace = true
-
-# to use tokio channels as streams, this is faster to compile than async_stream
-# why is it only here? no other crate should use it, streams are rarely needed.
-tokio-stream = { version = "0.1.14" }
-
-metrics.workspace = true
-utils.workspace = true
-workspace_hack = { version = "0.1", path = "../../workspace_hack" }
--- a/libs/http-utils/src/failpoints.rs
+++ b/libs/http-utils/src/failpoints.rs
@@ -1,50 +0,0 @@
-use crate::error::ApiError;
-use crate::json::{json_request, json_response};
-
-use hyper::{Body, Request, Response, StatusCode};
-use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
-use tokio_util::sync::CancellationToken;
-
-use utils::failpoint_support::apply_failpoint;
-
-pub type ConfigureFailpointsRequest = Vec<FailpointConfig>;
-
-/// Information for configuring a single fail point
-#[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-pub struct FailpointConfig {
-    /// Name of the fail point
-    pub name: String,
-    /// List of actions to take, using the format described in `fail::cfg`
-    ///
-    /// We also support `actions = "exit"` to cause the fail point to immediately exit.
-    pub actions: String,
-}
-
-/// Configure failpoints through http.
-pub async fn failpoints_handler(
-    mut request: Request<Body>,
-    _cancel: CancellationToken,
-) -> Result<Response<Body>, ApiError> {
-    if !fail::has_failpoints() {
-        return Err(ApiError::BadRequest(anyhow::anyhow!(
-            "Cannot manage failpoints because neon was compiled without failpoints support"
-        )));
-    }
-
-    let failpoints: ConfigureFailpointsRequest = json_request(&mut request).await?;
-    for fp in failpoints {
-        tracing::info!("cfg failpoint: {} {}", fp.name, fp.actions);
-
-        // We recognize one extra "action" that's not natively recognized
-        // by the failpoints crate: exit, to immediately kill the process
-        let cfg_result = apply_failpoint(&fp.name, &fp.actions);
-
-        if let Err(err_msg) = cfg_result {
-            return Err(ApiError::BadRequest(anyhow::anyhow!(
-                "Failed to configure failpoints: {err_msg}"
-            )));
-        }
-    }
-
-    json_response(StatusCode::OK, ())
-}
--- a/libs/pageserver_api/src/config.rs
+++ b/libs/pageserver_api/src/config.rs
@@ -121,9 +121,6 @@ pub struct ConfigToml {
    pub wal_receiver_protocol: PostgresClientProtocol,
    pub page_service_pipelining: PageServicePipeliningConfig,
    pub get_vectored_concurrent_io: GetVectoredConcurrentIo,
-    pub enable_read_path_debugging: Option<bool>,
-    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
-    pub validate_wal_contiguity: Option<bool>,
 }

 #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize)]
@@ -265,11 +262,6 @@ pub struct TenantConfigToml {
    /// size exceeds `compaction_upper_limit * checkpoint_distance`.
    pub compaction_upper_limit: usize,
    pub compaction_algorithm: crate::models::CompactionAlgorithmSettings,
-    /// If true, compact down L0 across all tenant timelines before doing regular compaction.
-    pub compaction_l0_first: bool,
-    /// If true, use a separate semaphore (i.e. concurrency limit) for the L0 compaction pass. Only
-    /// has an effect if `compaction_l0_first` is `true`.
-    pub compaction_l0_semaphore: bool,
    /// Level0 delta layer threshold at which to delay layer flushes for compaction backpressure,
    /// such that they take 2x as long, and start waiting for layer flushes during ephemeral layer
    /// rolls. This helps compaction keep up with WAL ingestion, and avoids read amplification
@@ -331,10 +323,6 @@ pub struct TenantConfigToml {
    // Expresed in multiples of checkpoint distance.
    pub image_layer_creation_check_threshold: u8,

-    // How many multiples of L0 `compaction_threshold` will preempt image layer creation and do L0 compaction.
-    // Set to 0 to disable preemption.
-    pub image_creation_preempt_threshold: usize,
-
    /// The length for an explicit LSN lease request.
    /// Layers needed to reconstruct pages at LSN will not be GC-ed during this interval.
    #[serde(with = "humantime_serde")]
@@ -353,7 +341,7 @@ pub struct TenantConfigToml {

    /// Enable rel_size_v2 for this tenant. Once enabled, the tenant will persist this information into
    /// `index_part.json`, and it cannot be reversed.
-    pub rel_size_v2_enabled: bool,
+    pub rel_size_v2_enabled: Option<bool>,

    // gc-compaction related configs
    /// Enable automatic gc-compaction trigger on this tenant.
@@ -498,7 +486,7 @@ impl Default for ConfigToml {
                NonZeroUsize::new(DEFAULT_MAX_VECTORED_READ_BYTES).unwrap(),
            )),
            image_compression: (DEFAULT_IMAGE_COMPRESSION),
-            timeline_offloading: true,
+            timeline_offloading: false,
            ephemeral_bytes_per_memory_kb: (DEFAULT_EPHEMERAL_BYTES_PER_MEMORY_KB),
            l0_flush: None,
            virtual_file_io_mode: None,
@@ -518,12 +506,6 @@ impl Default for ConfigToml {
            } else {
                GetVectoredConcurrentIo::SidecarTask
            },
-            enable_read_path_debugging: if cfg!(test) || cfg!(feature = "testing") {
-                Some(true)
-            } else {
-                None
-            },
-            validate_wal_contiguity: None,
        }
    }
 }
@@ -547,13 +529,10 @@ pub mod tenant_conf_defaults {
    pub const DEFAULT_COMPACTION_PERIOD: &str = "20 s";
    pub const DEFAULT_COMPACTION_THRESHOLD: usize = 10;

-    // This value needs to be tuned to avoid OOM. We have 3/4*CPUs threads for L0 compaction, that's
-    // 3/4*16=9 on most of our pageservers. Compacting 20 layers requires about 1 GB memory (could
-    // be reduced later by optimizing L0 hole calculation to avoid loading all keys into memory). So
-    // with this config, we can get a maximum peak compaction usage of 9 GB.
-    pub const DEFAULT_COMPACTION_UPPER_LIMIT: usize = 20;
-    pub const DEFAULT_COMPACTION_L0_FIRST: bool = false;
-    pub const DEFAULT_COMPACTION_L0_SEMAPHORE: bool = true;
+    // This value needs to be tuned to avoid OOM. We have 3/4 of the total CPU threads to do background works, that's 16*3/4=9 on
+    // most of our pageservers. Compaction ~50 layers requires about 2GB memory (could be reduced later by optimizing L0 hole
+    // calculation to avoid loading all keys into the memory). So with this config, we can get a maximum peak compaction usage of 18GB.
+    pub const DEFAULT_COMPACTION_UPPER_LIMIT: usize = 50;

    pub const DEFAULT_COMPACTION_ALGORITHM: crate::models::CompactionAlgorithm =
        crate::models::CompactionAlgorithm::Legacy;
@@ -568,10 +547,6 @@ pub mod tenant_conf_defaults {
    // Relevant: https://github.com/neondatabase/neon/issues/3394
    pub const DEFAULT_GC_PERIOD: &str = "1 hr";
    pub const DEFAULT_IMAGE_CREATION_THRESHOLD: usize = 3;
-    // If there are more than threshold * compaction_threshold (that is 3 * 10 in the default config) L0 layers, image
-    // layer creation will end immediately. Set to 0 to disable. The target default will be 3 once we
-    // want to enable this feature.
-    pub const DEFAULT_IMAGE_CREATION_PREEMPT_THRESHOLD: usize = 0;
    pub const DEFAULT_PITR_INTERVAL: &str = "7 days";
    pub const DEFAULT_WALRECEIVER_CONNECT_TIMEOUT: &str = "10 seconds";
    pub const DEFAULT_WALRECEIVER_LAGGING_WAL_TIMEOUT: &str = "10 seconds";
@@ -603,8 +578,6 @@ impl Default for TenantConfigToml {
            compaction_algorithm: crate::models::CompactionAlgorithmSettings {
                kind: DEFAULT_COMPACTION_ALGORITHM,
            },
-            compaction_l0_first: DEFAULT_COMPACTION_L0_FIRST,
-            compaction_l0_semaphore: DEFAULT_COMPACTION_L0_SEMAPHORE,
            l0_flush_delay_threshold: None,
            l0_flush_stall_threshold: None,
            l0_flush_wait_upload: DEFAULT_L0_FLUSH_WAIT_UPLOAD,
@@ -632,12 +605,11 @@ impl Default for TenantConfigToml {
            lazy_slru_download: false,
            timeline_get_throttle: crate::models::ThrottleConfig::disabled(),
            image_layer_creation_check_threshold: DEFAULT_IMAGE_LAYER_CREATION_CHECK_THRESHOLD,
-            image_creation_preempt_threshold: DEFAULT_IMAGE_CREATION_PREEMPT_THRESHOLD,
            lsn_lease_length: LsnLease::DEFAULT_LENGTH,
            lsn_lease_length_for_ts: LsnLease::DEFAULT_LENGTH_FOR_TS,
-            timeline_offloading: true,
+            timeline_offloading: false,
            wal_receiver_protocol_override: None,
-            rel_size_v2_enabled: false,
+            rel_size_v2_enabled: None,
            gc_compaction_enabled: DEFAULT_GC_COMPACTION_ENABLED,
            gc_compaction_initial_threshold_kb: DEFAULT_GC_COMPACTION_INITIAL_THRESHOLD_KB,
            gc_compaction_ratio_percent: DEFAULT_GC_COMPACTION_RATIO_PERCENT,
--- a/libs/pageserver_api/src/controller_api.rs
+++ b/libs/pageserver_api/src/controller_api.rs
@@ -57,7 +57,6 @@ pub struct NodeRegisterRequest {

    pub listen_http_addr: String,
    pub listen_http_port: u16,
-    pub listen_https_port: Option<u16>,

    pub availability_zone_id: AvailabilityZone,
 }
@@ -106,7 +105,6 @@ pub struct TenantLocateResponseShard {

    pub listen_http_addr: String,
    pub listen_http_port: u16,
-    pub listen_https_port: Option<u16>,
 }

 #[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)]
@@ -150,7 +148,6 @@ pub struct NodeDescribeResponse {

    pub listen_http_addr: String,
    pub listen_http_port: u16,
-    pub listen_https_port: Option<u16>,

    pub listen_pg_addr: String,
    pub listen_pg_port: u16,
@@ -185,18 +182,6 @@ pub struct TenantDescribeResponseShard {
 #[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug)]
 pub struct TenantShardMigrateRequest {
    pub node_id: NodeId,
-    #[serde(default)]
-    pub migration_config: Option<MigrationConfig>,
-}
-
-#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug)]
-pub struct MigrationConfig {
-    #[serde(default)]
-    #[serde(with = "humantime_serde")]
-    pub secondary_warmup_timeout: Option<Duration>,
-    #[serde(default)]
-    #[serde(with = "humantime_serde")]
-    pub secondary_download_request_timeout: Option<Duration>,
 }

 #[derive(Serialize, Clone, Debug)]
--- a/libs/pageserver_api/src/key.rs
+++ b/libs/pageserver_api/src/key.rs
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
 use anyhow::{bail, Result};
 use byteorder::{ByteOrder, BE};
-use bytes::Bytes;
 use postgres_ffi::relfile_utils::{FSM_FORKNUM, VISIBILITYMAP_FORKNUM};
 use postgres_ffi::Oid;
 use postgres_ffi::RepOriginId;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use std::{fmt, ops::Range};
-use utils::const_assert;

 use crate::reltag::{BlockNumber, RelTag, SlruKind};

@@ -51,64 +49,6 @@ pub const AUX_KEY_PREFIX: u8 = 0x62;
 /// The key prefix of ReplOrigin keys.
 pub const REPL_ORIGIN_KEY_PREFIX: u8 = 0x63;

-/// The key prefix of db directory keys.
-pub const DB_DIR_KEY_PREFIX: u8 = 0x64;
-
-/// The key prefix of rel directory keys.
-pub const REL_DIR_KEY_PREFIX: u8 = 0x65;
-
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, Hash, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub enum RelDirExists {
-    Exists,
-    Removed,
-}
-
-#[derive(Debug)]
-pub struct DecodeError;
-
-impl fmt::Display for DecodeError {
-    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
-        write!(f, "invalid marker")
-    }
-}
-
-impl std::error::Error for DecodeError {}
-
-impl RelDirExists {
-    /// The value of the rel directory keys that indicates the existence of a relation.
-    const REL_EXISTS_MARKER: Bytes = Bytes::from_static(b"r");
-
-    pub fn encode(&self) -> Bytes {
-        match self {
-            Self::Exists => Self::REL_EXISTS_MARKER.clone(),
-            Self::Removed => SPARSE_TOMBSTONE_MARKER.clone(),
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn decode_option(data: Option<impl AsRef<[u8]>>) -> Result<Self, DecodeError> {
-        match data {
-            Some(marker) if marker.as_ref() == Self::REL_EXISTS_MARKER => Ok(Self::Exists),
-            // Any other marker is invalid
-            Some(_) => Err(DecodeError),
-            None => Ok(Self::Removed),
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn decode(data: impl AsRef<[u8]>) -> Result<Self, DecodeError> {
-        let data = data.as_ref();
-        if data == Self::REL_EXISTS_MARKER {
-            Ok(Self::Exists)
-        } else if data == SPARSE_TOMBSTONE_MARKER {
-            Ok(Self::Removed)
-        } else {
-            Err(DecodeError)
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-/// A tombstone in the sparse keyspace, which is an empty buffer.
-pub const SPARSE_TOMBSTONE_MARKER: Bytes = Bytes::from_static(b"");
-
 /// Check if the key falls in the range of metadata keys.
 pub const fn is_metadata_key_slice(key: &[u8]) -> bool {
    key[0] >= METADATA_KEY_BEGIN_PREFIX && key[0] < METADATA_KEY_END_PREFIX
@@ -170,24 +110,6 @@ impl Key {
        }
    }

-    pub fn rel_dir_sparse_key_range() -> Range<Self> {
-        Key {
-            field1: REL_DIR_KEY_PREFIX,
-            field2: 0,
-            field3: 0,
-            field4: 0,
-            field5: 0,
-            field6: 0,
-        }..Key {
-            field1: REL_DIR_KEY_PREFIX + 1,
-            field2: 0,
-            field3: 0,
-            field4: 0,
-            field5: 0,
-            field6: 0,
-        }
-    }
-
    /// This function checks more extensively what keys we can take on the write path.
    /// If a key beginning with 00 does not have a global/default tablespace OID, it
    /// will be rejected on the write path.
@@ -518,36 +440,6 @@ pub fn rel_dir_to_key(spcnode: Oid, dbnode: Oid) -> Key {
    }
 }

-#[inline(always)]
-pub fn rel_tag_sparse_key(spcnode: Oid, dbnode: Oid, relnode: Oid, forknum: u8) -> Key {
-    Key {
-        field1: REL_DIR_KEY_PREFIX,
-        field2: spcnode,
-        field3: dbnode,
-        field4: relnode,
-        field5: forknum,
-        field6: 1,
-    }
-}
-
-pub fn rel_tag_sparse_key_range(spcnode: Oid, dbnode: Oid) -> Range<Key> {
-    Key {
-        field1: REL_DIR_KEY_PREFIX,
-        field2: spcnode,
-        field3: dbnode,
-        field4: 0,
-        field5: 0,
-        field6: 0,
-    }..Key {
-        field1: REL_DIR_KEY_PREFIX,
-        field2: spcnode,
-        field3: dbnode,
-        field4: u32::MAX,
-        field5: u8::MAX,
-        field6: u32::MAX,
-    } // it's fine to exclude the last key b/c we only use field6 == 1
-}
-
 #[inline(always)]
 pub fn rel_block_to_key(rel: RelTag, blknum: BlockNumber) -> Key {
    Key {
@@ -842,9 +734,9 @@ impl Key {
        self.field1 == RELATION_SIZE_PREFIX
    }

-    pub const fn sparse_non_inherited_keyspace() -> Range<Key> {
+    pub fn sparse_non_inherited_keyspace() -> Range<Key> {
        // The two keys are adjacent; if we will have non-adjancent keys in the future, we should return a keyspace
-        const_assert!(AUX_KEY_PREFIX + 1 == REPL_ORIGIN_KEY_PREFIX);
+        debug_assert_eq!(AUX_KEY_PREFIX + 1, REPL_ORIGIN_KEY_PREFIX);
        Key {
            field1: AUX_KEY_PREFIX,
            field2: 0,
--- a/libs/pageserver_api/src/models.rs
+++ b/libs/pageserver_api/src/models.rs
@@ -464,10 +464,6 @@ pub struct TenantConfigPatch {
    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "FieldPatch::is_noop")]
    pub compaction_algorithm: FieldPatch<CompactionAlgorithmSettings>,
    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "FieldPatch::is_noop")]
-    pub compaction_l0_first: FieldPatch<bool>,
-    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "FieldPatch::is_noop")]
-    pub compaction_l0_semaphore: FieldPatch<bool>,
-    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "FieldPatch::is_noop")]
    pub l0_flush_delay_threshold: FieldPatch<usize>,
    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "FieldPatch::is_noop")]
    pub l0_flush_stall_threshold: FieldPatch<usize>,
@@ -502,8 +498,6 @@ pub struct TenantConfigPatch {
    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "FieldPatch::is_noop")]
    pub image_layer_creation_check_threshold: FieldPatch<u8>,
    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "FieldPatch::is_noop")]
-    pub image_creation_preempt_threshold: FieldPatch<usize>,
-    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "FieldPatch::is_noop")]
    pub lsn_lease_length: FieldPatch<String>,
    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "FieldPatch::is_noop")]
    pub lsn_lease_length_for_ts: FieldPatch<String>,
@@ -533,8 +527,6 @@ pub struct TenantConfig {
    pub compaction_upper_limit: Option<usize>,
    // defer parsing compaction_algorithm, like eviction_policy
    pub compaction_algorithm: Option<CompactionAlgorithmSettings>,
-    pub compaction_l0_first: Option<bool>,
-    pub compaction_l0_semaphore: Option<bool>,
    pub l0_flush_delay_threshold: Option<usize>,
    pub l0_flush_stall_threshold: Option<usize>,
    pub l0_flush_wait_upload: Option<bool>,
@@ -552,7 +544,6 @@ pub struct TenantConfig {
    pub lazy_slru_download: Option<bool>,
    pub timeline_get_throttle: Option<ThrottleConfig>,
    pub image_layer_creation_check_threshold: Option<u8>,
-    pub image_creation_preempt_threshold: Option<usize>,
    pub lsn_lease_length: Option<String>,
    pub lsn_lease_length_for_ts: Option<String>,
    pub timeline_offloading: Option<bool>,
@@ -573,8 +564,6 @@ impl TenantConfig {
            mut compaction_threshold,
            mut compaction_upper_limit,
            mut compaction_algorithm,
-            mut compaction_l0_first,
-            mut compaction_l0_semaphore,
            mut l0_flush_delay_threshold,
            mut l0_flush_stall_threshold,
            mut l0_flush_wait_upload,
@@ -592,7 +581,6 @@ impl TenantConfig {
            mut lazy_slru_download,
            mut timeline_get_throttle,
            mut image_layer_creation_check_threshold,
-            mut image_creation_preempt_threshold,
            mut lsn_lease_length,
            mut lsn_lease_length_for_ts,
            mut timeline_offloading,
@@ -614,10 +602,6 @@ impl TenantConfig {
            .compaction_upper_limit
            .apply(&mut compaction_upper_limit);
        patch.compaction_algorithm.apply(&mut compaction_algorithm);
-        patch.compaction_l0_first.apply(&mut compaction_l0_first);
-        patch
-            .compaction_l0_semaphore
-            .apply(&mut compaction_l0_semaphore);
        patch
            .l0_flush_delay_threshold
            .apply(&mut l0_flush_delay_threshold);
@@ -651,9 +635,6 @@ impl TenantConfig {
        patch
            .image_layer_creation_check_threshold
            .apply(&mut image_layer_creation_check_threshold);
-        patch
-            .image_creation_preempt_threshold
-            .apply(&mut image_creation_preempt_threshold);
        patch.lsn_lease_length.apply(&mut lsn_lease_length);
        patch
            .lsn_lease_length_for_ts
@@ -681,8 +662,6 @@ impl TenantConfig {
            compaction_threshold,
            compaction_upper_limit,
            compaction_algorithm,
-            compaction_l0_first,
-            compaction_l0_semaphore,
            l0_flush_delay_threshold,
            l0_flush_stall_threshold,
            l0_flush_wait_upload,
@@ -700,7 +679,6 @@ impl TenantConfig {
            lazy_slru_download,
            timeline_get_throttle,
            image_layer_creation_check_threshold,
-            image_creation_preempt_threshold,
            lsn_lease_length,
            lsn_lease_length_for_ts,
            timeline_offloading,
@@ -1080,7 +1058,8 @@ pub struct TenantInfo {

    /// Opaque explanation if gc is being blocked.
    ///
-    /// Only looked up for the individual tenant detail, not the listing.
+    /// Only looked up for the individual tenant detail, not the listing. This is purely for
+    /// debugging, not included in openapi.
    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    pub gc_blocking: Option<String>,
 }
@@ -1135,26 +1114,7 @@ pub struct TimelineInfo {
    pub ancestor_lsn: Option<Lsn>,
    pub last_record_lsn: Lsn,
    pub prev_record_lsn: Option<Lsn>,
-
-    /// Legacy field for compat with control plane.  Synonym of `min_readable_lsn`.
-    /// TODO: remove once control plane no longer reads it.
    pub latest_gc_cutoff_lsn: Lsn,
-
-    /// The LSN up to which GC has advanced: older data may still exist but it is not available for clients.
-    /// This LSN is not suitable for deciding where to create branches etc: use [`TimelineInfo::min_readable_lsn`] instead,
-    /// as it is easier to reason about.
-    #[serde(default)]
-    pub applied_gc_cutoff_lsn: Lsn,
-
-    /// The upper bound of data which is either already GC'ed, or elegible to be GC'ed at any time based on PITR interval.
-    /// This LSN represents the "end of history" for this timeline, and callers should use it to figure out the oldest
-    /// LSN at which it is legal to create a branch or ephemeral endpoint.
-    ///
-    /// Note that holders of valid LSN leases may be able to create branches and read pages earlier
-    /// than this LSN, but new leases may not be taken out earlier than this LSN.
-    #[serde(default)]
-    pub min_readable_lsn: Lsn,
-
    pub disk_consistent_lsn: Lsn,

    /// The LSN that we have succesfully uploaded to remote storage
--- a/libs/postgres_backend/src/lib.rs
+++ b/libs/postgres_backend/src/lib.rs
@@ -9,8 +9,6 @@ use bytes::Bytes;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use std::io::ErrorKind;
 use std::net::SocketAddr;
-use std::os::fd::AsRawFd;
-use std::os::fd::RawFd;
 use std::pin::Pin;
 use std::sync::Arc;
 use std::task::{ready, Poll};
@@ -270,7 +268,6 @@ impl<IO: AsyncRead + AsyncWrite + Unpin> MaybeWriteOnly<IO> {
 }

 pub struct PostgresBackend<IO> {
-    pub socket_fd: RawFd,
    framed: MaybeWriteOnly<IO>,

    pub state: ProtoState,
@@ -296,11 +293,9 @@ impl PostgresBackend<tokio::net::TcpStream> {
        tls_config: Option<Arc<rustls::ServerConfig>>,
    ) -> io::Result<Self> {
        let peer_addr = socket.peer_addr()?;
-        let socket_fd = socket.as_raw_fd();
        let stream = MaybeTlsStream::Unencrypted(socket);

        Ok(Self {
-            socket_fd,
            framed: MaybeWriteOnly::Full(Framed::new(stream)),
            state: ProtoState::Initialization,
            auth_type,
@@ -312,7 +307,6 @@ impl PostgresBackend<tokio::net::TcpStream> {

 impl<IO: AsyncRead + AsyncWrite + Unpin> PostgresBackend<IO> {
    pub fn new_from_io(
-        socket_fd: RawFd,
        socket: IO,
        peer_addr: SocketAddr,
        auth_type: AuthType,
@@ -321,7 +315,6 @@ impl<IO: AsyncRead + AsyncWrite + Unpin> PostgresBackend<IO> {
        let stream = MaybeTlsStream::Unencrypted(socket);

        Ok(Self {
-            socket_fd,
            framed: MaybeWriteOnly::Full(Framed::new(stream)),
            state: ProtoState::Initialization,
            auth_type,
--- a/libs/postgres_ffi/src/lib.rs
+++ b/libs/postgres_ffi/src/lib.rs
@@ -278,7 +278,7 @@ pub fn generate_pg_control(
    checkpoint_bytes: &[u8],
    lsn: Lsn,
    pg_version: u32,
-) -> anyhow::Result<(Bytes, u64, bool)> {
+) -> anyhow::Result<(Bytes, u64)> {
    dispatch_pgversion!(
        pg_version,
        pgv::xlog_utils::generate_pg_control(pg_control_bytes, checkpoint_bytes, lsn),
--- a/libs/postgres_ffi/src/xlog_utils.rs
+++ b/libs/postgres_ffi/src/xlog_utils.rs
@@ -124,59 +124,23 @@ pub fn normalize_lsn(lsn: Lsn, seg_sz: usize) -> Lsn {
    }
 }

-/// Generate a pg_control file, for a basebackup for starting up Postgres at the given LSN
-///
-/// 'pg_control_bytes' and 'checkpoint_bytes' are the contents of those keys persisted in
-/// the pageserver. They use the same format as the PostgreSQL control file and the
-/// checkpoint record, but see walingest.rs for how exactly they are kept up to date.
-/// 'lsn' is the LSN at which we're starting up.
-///
-/// Returns:
-/// - pg_control file contents
-/// - system_identifier, extracted from the persisted information
-/// - true, if we're starting up from a "clean shutdown", i.e. if there was a shutdown
-///   checkpoint at the given LSN
 pub fn generate_pg_control(
    pg_control_bytes: &[u8],
    checkpoint_bytes: &[u8],
    lsn: Lsn,
-) -> anyhow::Result<(Bytes, u64, bool)> {
+) -> anyhow::Result<(Bytes, u64)> {
    let mut pg_control = ControlFileData::decode(pg_control_bytes)?;
    let mut checkpoint = CheckPoint::decode(checkpoint_bytes)?;

    // Generate new pg_control needed for bootstrap
-    //
-    // NB: In the checkpoint struct that we persist in the pageserver, we have a different
-    // convention for the 'redo' field than in PostgreSQL: On a shutdown checkpoint,
-    // 'redo' points the *end* of the checkpoint WAL record. On PostgreSQL, it points to
-    // the beginning. Furthermore, on an online checkpoint, 'redo' is set to 0.
-    //
-    // We didn't always have this convention however, and old persisted records will have
-    // old REDO values that point to some old LSN.
-    //
-    // The upshot is that if 'redo' is equal to the "current" LSN, there was a shutdown
-    // checkpoint record at that point in WAL, with no new WAL records after it. That case
-    // can be treated as starting from a clean shutdown. All other cases are treated as
-    // non-clean shutdown. In Neon, we don't do WAL replay at startup in either case, so
-    // that distinction doesn't matter very much. As of this writing, it only affects
-    // whether the persisted pg_stats information can be used or not.
-    //
-    // In the Checkpoint struct in the returned pg_control file, the redo pointer is
-    // always set to the LSN we're starting at, to hint that no WAL replay is required.
-    // (There's some neon-specific code in Postgres startup to make that work, though.
-    // Just setting the redo pointer is not sufficient.)
-    let was_shutdown = Lsn(checkpoint.redo) == lsn;
    checkpoint.redo = normalize_lsn(lsn, WAL_SEGMENT_SIZE).0;

-    // We use DBState_DB_SHUTDOWNED even if it was not a clean shutdown.  The
-    // neon-specific code at postgres startup ignores the state stored in the control
-    // file, similar to archive recovery in standalone PostgreSQL. Similarly, the
-    // checkPoint pointer is ignored, so just set it to 0.
+    //save new values in pg_control
    pg_control.checkPoint = 0;
    pg_control.checkPointCopy = checkpoint;
    pg_control.state = DBState_DB_SHUTDOWNED;

-    Ok((pg_control.encode(), pg_control.system_identifier, was_shutdown))
+    Ok((pg_control.encode(), pg_control.system_identifier))
 }

 pub fn get_current_timestamp() -> TimestampTz {
--- a/libs/postgres_ffi/wal_craft/src/lib.rs
+++ b/libs/postgres_ffi/wal_craft/src/lib.rs
@@ -76,15 +76,7 @@ impl Conf {
        let mut cmd = Command::new(path);
        cmd.env_clear()
            .env("LD_LIBRARY_PATH", self.pg_lib_dir()?)
-            .env("DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH", self.pg_lib_dir()?)
-            .env(
-                "ASAN_OPTIONS",
-                std::env::var("ASAN_OPTIONS").unwrap_or_default(),
-            )
-            .env(
-                "UBSAN_OPTIONS",
-                std::env::var("UBSAN_OPTIONS").unwrap_or_default(),
-            );
+            .env("DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH", self.pg_lib_dir()?);
        Ok(cmd)
    }

--- a/libs/postgres_initdb/src/lib.rs
+++ b/libs/postgres_initdb/src/lib.rs
@@ -64,14 +64,6 @@ pub async fn do_run_initdb(args: RunInitdbArgs<'_>) -> Result<(), Error> {
        .env_clear()
        .env("LD_LIBRARY_PATH", library_search_path)
        .env("DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH", library_search_path)
-        .env(
-            "ASAN_OPTIONS",
-            std::env::var("ASAN_OPTIONS").unwrap_or_default(),
-        )
-        .env(
-            "UBSAN_OPTIONS",
-            std::env::var("UBSAN_OPTIONS").unwrap_or_default(),
-        )
        .stdin(std::process::Stdio::null())
        // stdout invocation produces the same output every time, we don't need it
        .stdout(std::process::Stdio::null())
--- a/libs/proxy/tokio-postgres2/Cargo.toml
+++ b/libs/proxy/tokio-postgres2/Cargo.toml
@@ -5,15 +5,18 @@ edition = "2021"
 license = "MIT/Apache-2.0"

 [dependencies]
+async-trait.workspace = true
 bytes.workspace = true
+byteorder.workspace = true
 fallible-iterator.workspace = true
 futures-util = { workspace = true, features = ["sink"] }
 log = "0.4"
 parking_lot.workspace = true
+percent-encoding = "2.0"
 pin-project-lite.workspace = true
 phf = "0.11"
 postgres-protocol2 = { path = "../postgres-protocol2" }
 postgres-types2 = { path = "../postgres-types2" }
 tokio = { workspace = true, features = ["io-util", "time", "net"] }
 tokio-util = { workspace = true, features = ["codec"] }
-serde = { workspace = true, features = ["derive"] }
+serde = { workspace = true, features = ["derive"] }
--- a/libs/proxy/tokio-postgres2/src/client.rs
+++ b/libs/proxy/tokio-postgres2/src/client.rs
@@ -10,8 +10,8 @@ use crate::simple_query::SimpleQueryStream;
 use crate::types::{Oid, ToSql, Type};

 use crate::{
-    query, simple_query, slice_iter, CancelToken, Error, ReadyForQueryStatus, Row,
-    SimpleQueryMessage, Statement, Transaction, TransactionBuilder,
+    prepare, query, simple_query, slice_iter, CancelToken, Error, ReadyForQueryStatus, Row,
+    SimpleQueryMessage, Statement, ToStatement, Transaction, TransactionBuilder,
 };
 use bytes::BytesMut;
 use fallible_iterator::FallibleIterator;
@@ -54,18 +54,18 @@ impl Responses {
 }

 /// A cache of type info and prepared statements for fetching type info
-/// (corresponding to the queries in the [crate::prepare] module).
+/// (corresponding to the queries in the [prepare] module).
 #[derive(Default)]
 struct CachedTypeInfo {
    /// A statement for basic information for a type from its
-    /// OID. Corresponds to [TYPEINFO_QUERY](crate::prepare::TYPEINFO_QUERY) (or its
+    /// OID. Corresponds to [TYPEINFO_QUERY](prepare::TYPEINFO_QUERY) (or its
    /// fallback).
    typeinfo: Option<Statement>,
    /// A statement for getting information for a composite type from its OID.
-    /// Corresponds to [TYPEINFO_QUERY](crate::prepare::TYPEINFO_COMPOSITE_QUERY).
+    /// Corresponds to [TYPEINFO_QUERY](prepare::TYPEINFO_COMPOSITE_QUERY).
    typeinfo_composite: Option<Statement>,
    /// A statement for getting information for a composite type from its OID.
-    /// Corresponds to [TYPEINFO_QUERY](crate::prepare::TYPEINFO_COMPOSITE_QUERY) (or
+    /// Corresponds to [TYPEINFO_QUERY](prepare::TYPEINFO_COMPOSITE_QUERY) (or
    /// its fallback).
    typeinfo_enum: Option<Statement>,

@@ -190,6 +190,26 @@ impl Client {
        &self.inner
    }

+    /// Creates a new prepared statement.
+    ///
+    /// Prepared statements can be executed repeatedly, and may contain query parameters (indicated by `$1`, `$2`, etc),
+    /// which are set when executed. Prepared statements can only be used with the connection that created them.
+    pub async fn prepare(&self, query: &str) -> Result<Statement, Error> {
+        self.prepare_typed(query, &[]).await
+    }
+
+    /// Like `prepare`, but allows the types of query parameters to be explicitly specified.
+    ///
+    /// The list of types may be smaller than the number of parameters - the types of the remaining parameters will be
+    /// inferred. For example, `client.prepare_typed(query, &[])` is equivalent to `client.prepare(query)`.
+    pub async fn prepare_typed(
+        &self,
+        query: &str,
+        parameter_types: &[Type],
+    ) -> Result<Statement, Error> {
+        prepare::prepare(&self.inner, query, parameter_types).await
+    }
+
    /// Executes a statement, returning a vector of the resulting rows.
    ///
    /// A statement may contain parameters, specified by `$n`, where `n` is the index of the parameter of the list
@@ -202,11 +222,14 @@ impl Client {
    /// # Panics
    ///
    /// Panics if the number of parameters provided does not match the number expected.
-    pub async fn query(
+    pub async fn query<T>(
        &self,
-        statement: Statement,
+        statement: &T,
        params: &[&(dyn ToSql + Sync)],
-    ) -> Result<Vec<Row>, Error> {
+    ) -> Result<Vec<Row>, Error>
+    where
+        T: ?Sized + ToStatement,
+    {
        self.query_raw(statement, slice_iter(params))
            .await?
            .try_collect()
@@ -227,15 +250,13 @@ impl Client {
    /// Panics if the number of parameters provided does not match the number expected.
    ///
    /// [`query`]: #method.query
-    pub async fn query_raw<'a, I>(
-        &self,
-        statement: Statement,
-        params: I,
-    ) -> Result<RowStream, Error>
+    pub async fn query_raw<'a, T, I>(&self, statement: &T, params: I) -> Result<RowStream, Error>
    where
+        T: ?Sized + ToStatement,
        I: IntoIterator<Item = &'a (dyn ToSql + Sync)>,
        I::IntoIter: ExactSizeIterator,
    {
+        let statement = statement.__convert().into_statement(self).await?;
        query::query(&self.inner, statement, params).await
    }

@@ -250,6 +271,55 @@ impl Client {
        query::query_txt(&self.inner, statement, params).await
    }

+    /// Executes a statement, returning the number of rows modified.
+    ///
+    /// A statement may contain parameters, specified by `$n`, where `n` is the index of the parameter of the list
+    /// provided, 1-indexed.
+    ///
+    /// The `statement` argument can either be a `Statement`, or a raw query string. If the same statement will be
+    /// repeatedly executed (perhaps with different query parameters), consider preparing the statement up front
+    /// with the `prepare` method.
+    ///
+    /// If the statement does not modify any rows (e.g. `SELECT`), 0 is returned.
+    ///
+    /// # Panics
+    ///
+    /// Panics if the number of parameters provided does not match the number expected.
+    pub async fn execute<T>(
+        &self,
+        statement: &T,
+        params: &[&(dyn ToSql + Sync)],
+    ) -> Result<u64, Error>
+    where
+        T: ?Sized + ToStatement,
+    {
+        self.execute_raw(statement, slice_iter(params)).await
+    }
+
+    /// The maximally flexible version of [`execute`].
+    ///
+    /// A statement may contain parameters, specified by `$n`, where `n` is the index of the parameter of the list
+    /// provided, 1-indexed.
+    ///
+    /// The `statement` argument can either be a `Statement`, or a raw query string. If the same statement will be
+    /// repeatedly executed (perhaps with different query parameters), consider preparing the statement up front
+    /// with the `prepare` method.
+    ///
+    /// # Panics
+    ///
+    /// Panics if the number of parameters provided does not match the number expected.
+    ///
+    /// [`execute`]: #method.execute
+    pub async fn execute_raw<'a, T, I>(&self, statement: &T, params: I) -> Result<u64, Error>
+    where
+        T: ?Sized + ToStatement,
+        I: IntoIterator<Item = &'a (dyn ToSql + Sync)>,
+        I::IntoIter: ExactSizeIterator,
+    {
+        let statement = statement.__convert().into_statement(self).await?;
+        query::execute(self.inner(), statement, params).await
+    }
+
    /// Executes a sequence of SQL statements using the simple query protocol, returning the resulting rows.
    ///
    /// Statements should be separated by semicolons. If an error occurs, execution of the sequence will stop at that
--- a/libs/proxy/tokio-postgres2/src/generic_client.rs
+++ b/libs/proxy/tokio-postgres2/src/generic_client.rs
@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-#![allow(async_fn_in_trait)]
-
 use crate::query::RowStream;
 use crate::types::Type;
 use crate::{Client, Error, Transaction};
+use async_trait::async_trait;
 use postgres_protocol2::Oid;

 mod private {
@@ -12,6 +11,7 @@ mod private {
 /// A trait allowing abstraction over connections and transactions.
 ///
 /// This trait is "sealed", and cannot be implemented outside of this crate.
+#[async_trait]
 pub trait GenericClient: private::Sealed {
    /// Like `Client::query_raw_txt`.
    async fn query_raw_txt<S, I>(&self, statement: &str, params: I) -> Result<RowStream, Error>
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ pub trait GenericClient: private::Sealed {

 impl private::Sealed for Client {}

+#[async_trait]
 impl GenericClient for Client {
    async fn query_raw_txt<S, I>(&self, statement: &str, params: I) -> Result<RowStream, Error>
    where
@@ -38,12 +39,14 @@ impl GenericClient for Client {

    /// Query for type information
    async fn get_type(&self, oid: Oid) -> Result<Type, Error> {
-        crate::prepare::get_type(self.inner(), oid).await
+        self.get_type(oid).await
    }
 }

 impl private::Sealed for Transaction<'_> {}

+#[async_trait]
+#[allow(clippy::needless_lifetimes)]
 impl GenericClient for Transaction<'_> {
    async fn query_raw_txt<S, I>(&self, statement: &str, params: I) -> Result<RowStream, Error>
    where
--- a/libs/proxy/tokio-postgres2/src/lib.rs
+++ b/libs/proxy/tokio-postgres2/src/lib.rs
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ pub use crate::row::{Row, SimpleQueryRow};
 pub use crate::simple_query::SimpleQueryStream;
 pub use crate::statement::{Column, Statement};
 pub use crate::tls::NoTls;
+pub use crate::to_statement::ToStatement;
 pub use crate::transaction::Transaction;
 pub use crate::transaction_builder::{IsolationLevel, TransactionBuilder};
 use crate::types::ToSql;
@@ -64,6 +65,7 @@ pub mod row;
 mod simple_query;
 mod statement;
 pub mod tls;
+mod to_statement;
 mod transaction;
 mod transaction_builder;
 pub mod types;
--- a/libs/proxy/tokio-postgres2/src/prepare.rs
+++ b/libs/proxy/tokio-postgres2/src/prepare.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 use crate::client::InnerClient;
 use crate::codec::FrontendMessage;
 use crate::connection::RequestMessages;
+use crate::error::SqlState;
 use crate::types::{Field, Kind, Oid, Type};
 use crate::{query, slice_iter};
 use crate::{Column, Error, Statement};
@@ -12,6 +13,7 @@ use postgres_protocol2::message::backend::Message;
 use postgres_protocol2::message::frontend;
 use std::future::Future;
 use std::pin::Pin;
+use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicUsize, Ordering};
 use std::sync::Arc;

 pub(crate) const TYPEINFO_QUERY: &str = "\
@@ -22,6 +24,14 @@ INNER JOIN pg_catalog.pg_namespace n ON t.typnamespace = n.oid
 WHERE t.oid = $1
 ";

+// Range types weren't added until Postgres 9.2, so pg_range may not exist
+const TYPEINFO_FALLBACK_QUERY: &str = "\
+SELECT t.typname, t.typtype, t.typelem, NULL::OID, t.typbasetype, n.nspname, t.typrelid
+FROM pg_catalog.pg_type t
+INNER JOIN pg_catalog.pg_namespace n ON t.typnamespace = n.oid
+WHERE t.oid = $1
+";
+
 const TYPEINFO_ENUM_QUERY: &str = "\
 SELECT enumlabel
 FROM pg_catalog.pg_enum
@@ -29,6 +39,14 @@ WHERE enumtypid = $1
 ORDER BY enumsortorder
 ";

+// Postgres 9.0 didn't have enumsortorder
+const TYPEINFO_ENUM_FALLBACK_QUERY: &str = "\
+SELECT enumlabel
+FROM pg_catalog.pg_enum
+WHERE enumtypid = $1
+ORDER BY oid
+";
+
 pub(crate) const TYPEINFO_COMPOSITE_QUERY: &str = "\
 SELECT attname, atttypid
 FROM pg_catalog.pg_attribute
@@ -38,13 +56,15 @@ AND attnum > 0
 ORDER BY attnum
 ";

+static NEXT_ID: AtomicUsize = AtomicUsize::new(0);
+
 pub async fn prepare(
    client: &Arc<InnerClient>,
-    name: &'static str,
    query: &str,
    types: &[Type],
 ) -> Result<Statement, Error> {
-    let buf = encode(client, name, query, types)?;
+    let name = format!("s{}", NEXT_ID.fetch_add(1, Ordering::SeqCst));
+    let buf = encode(client, &name, query, types)?;
    let mut responses = client.send(RequestMessages::Single(FrontendMessage::Raw(buf)))?;

    match responses.next().await? {
@@ -85,11 +105,10 @@ pub async fn prepare(

 fn prepare_rec<'a>(
    client: &'a Arc<InnerClient>,
-    name: &'static str,
    query: &'a str,
    types: &'a [Type],
 ) -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output = Result<Statement, Error>> + 'a + Send>> {
-    Box::pin(prepare(client, name, query, types))
+    Box::pin(prepare(client, query, types))
 }

 fn encode(client: &InnerClient, name: &str, query: &str, types: &[Type]) -> Result<Bytes, Error> {
@@ -173,8 +192,13 @@ async fn typeinfo_statement(client: &Arc<InnerClient>) -> Result<Statement, Erro
        return Ok(stmt);
    }

-    let typeinfo = "neon_proxy_typeinfo";
-    let stmt = prepare_rec(client, typeinfo, TYPEINFO_QUERY, &[]).await?;
+    let stmt = match prepare_rec(client, TYPEINFO_QUERY, &[]).await {
+        Ok(stmt) => stmt,
+        Err(ref e) if e.code() == Some(&SqlState::UNDEFINED_TABLE) => {
+            prepare_rec(client, TYPEINFO_FALLBACK_QUERY, &[]).await?
+        }
+        Err(e) => return Err(e),
+    };

    client.set_typeinfo(&stmt);
    Ok(stmt)
@@ -195,8 +219,13 @@ async fn typeinfo_enum_statement(client: &Arc<InnerClient>) -> Result<Statement,
        return Ok(stmt);
    }

-    let typeinfo = "neon_proxy_typeinfo_enum";
-    let stmt = prepare_rec(client, typeinfo, TYPEINFO_ENUM_QUERY, &[]).await?;
+    let stmt = match prepare_rec(client, TYPEINFO_ENUM_QUERY, &[]).await {
+        Ok(stmt) => stmt,
+        Err(ref e) if e.code() == Some(&SqlState::UNDEFINED_COLUMN) => {
+            prepare_rec(client, TYPEINFO_ENUM_FALLBACK_QUERY, &[]).await?
+        }
+        Err(e) => return Err(e),
+    };

    client.set_typeinfo_enum(&stmt);
    Ok(stmt)
@@ -226,8 +255,7 @@ async fn typeinfo_composite_statement(client: &Arc<InnerClient>) -> Result<State
        return Ok(stmt);
    }

-    let typeinfo = "neon_proxy_typeinfo_composite";
-    let stmt = prepare_rec(client, typeinfo, TYPEINFO_COMPOSITE_QUERY, &[]).await?;
+    let stmt = prepare_rec(client, TYPEINFO_COMPOSITE_QUERY, &[]).await?;

    client.set_typeinfo_composite(&stmt);
    Ok(stmt)
--- a/libs/proxy/tokio-postgres2/src/query.rs
+++ b/libs/proxy/tokio-postgres2/src/query.rs
@@ -157,6 +157,49 @@ where
    })
 }

+pub async fn execute<'a, I>(
+    client: &InnerClient,
+    statement: Statement,
+    params: I,
+) -> Result<u64, Error>
+where
+    I: IntoIterator<Item = &'a (dyn ToSql + Sync)>,
+    I::IntoIter: ExactSizeIterator,
+{
+    let buf = if log_enabled!(Level::Debug) {
+        let params = params.into_iter().collect::<Vec<_>>();
+        debug!(
+            "executing statement {} with parameters: {:?}",
+            statement.name(),
+            BorrowToSqlParamsDebug(params.as_slice()),
+        );
+        encode(client, &statement, params)?
+    } else {
+        encode(client, &statement, params)?
+    };
+    let mut responses = start(client, buf).await?;
+
+    let mut rows = 0;
+    loop {
+        match responses.next().await? {
+            Message::DataRow(_) => {}
+            Message::CommandComplete(body) => {
+                rows = body
+                    .tag()
+                    .map_err(Error::parse)?
+                    .rsplit(' ')
+                    .next()
+                    .unwrap()
+                    .parse()
+                    .unwrap_or(0);
+            }
+            Message::EmptyQueryResponse => rows = 0,
+            Message::ReadyForQuery(_) => return Ok(rows),
+            _ => return Err(Error::unexpected_message()),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 async fn start(client: &InnerClient, buf: Bytes) -> Result<Responses, Error> {
    let mut responses = client.send(RequestMessages::Single(FrontendMessage::Raw(buf)))?;

--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More