Run Nightly benchmarks on Postgres 16

.github/workflows/benchmarking.yml

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 name: Benchmarking
 
 on:
-  # uncomment to run on push for debugging your PR
-  # push:
-  #   branches: [ your branch ]
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - bayandin/pg16-bench
   schedule:
     # * is a special character in YAML so you have to quote this string
     #          ┌───────────── minute (0 - 59)
@@ -39,10 +39,10 @@ jobs:
       TEST_PG_BENCH_DURATIONS_MATRIX: "300"
       TEST_PG_BENCH_SCALES_MATRIX: "10,100"
       POSTGRES_DISTRIB_DIR: /tmp/neon/pg_install
-      DEFAULT_PG_VERSION: 14
+      DEFAULT_PG_VERSION: 16
       TEST_OUTPUT: /tmp/test_output
       BUILD_TYPE: remote
-      SAVE_PERF_REPORT: ${{ github.event.inputs.save_perf_report || ( github.ref_name == 'main' ) }}
+      SAVE_PERF_REPORT: ${{ github.event.inputs.save_perf_report || ( github.ref_name == 'bayandin/pg16-bench' ) }}
       PLATFORM: "neon-staging"
 
     runs-on: [ self-hosted, us-east-2, x64 ]
@@ -116,8 +116,6 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     outputs:
       pgbench-compare-matrix: ${{ steps.pgbench-compare-matrix.outputs.matrix }}
-      olap-compare-matrix: ${{ steps.olap-compare-matrix.outputs.matrix }}
-      tpch-compare-matrix: ${{ steps.tpch-compare-matrix.outputs.matrix }}
 
     steps:
     - name: Generate matrix for pgbench benchmark
@@ -143,41 +141,6 @@ jobs:
 
         echo "matrix=$(echo "$matrix" | jq --compact-output '.')" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
 
-    - name: Generate matrix for OLAP benchmarks
-      id: olap-compare-matrix
-      run: |
-        matrix='{
-          "platform": [
-            "neon-captest-reuse"
-          ]
-        }'
-
-        if [ "$(date +%A)" = "Saturday" ]; then
-          matrix=$(echo "$matrix" | jq '.include += [{ "platform": "rds-postgres" },
-                                                   { "platform": "rds-aurora"   }]')
-        fi
-
-        echo "matrix=$(echo "$matrix" | jq --compact-output '.')" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-
-    - name: Generate matrix for TPC-H benchmarks
-      id: tpch-compare-matrix
-      run: |
-        matrix='{
-          "platform": [
-            "neon-captest-reuse"
-          ],
-          "scale": [
-            "10"
-          ]
-        }'
-
-        if [ "$(date +%A)" = "Saturday" ]; then
-          matrix=$(echo "$matrix" | jq '.include += [{ "platform": "rds-postgres", "scale": "10" },
-                                                   { "platform": "rds-aurora",   "scale": "10" }]')
-        fi
-
-        echo "matrix=$(echo "$matrix" | jq --compact-output '.')" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-
   pgbench-compare:
     needs: [ generate-matrices ]
 
@@ -189,10 +152,10 @@ jobs:
       TEST_PG_BENCH_DURATIONS_MATRIX: "60m"
       TEST_PG_BENCH_SCALES_MATRIX: ${{ matrix.db_size }}
       POSTGRES_DISTRIB_DIR: /tmp/neon/pg_install
-      DEFAULT_PG_VERSION: 14
+      DEFAULT_PG_VERSION: 16
       TEST_OUTPUT: /tmp/test_output
       BUILD_TYPE: remote
-      SAVE_PERF_REPORT: ${{ github.event.inputs.save_perf_report || ( github.ref_name == 'main' ) }}
+      SAVE_PERF_REPORT: ${{ github.event.inputs.save_perf_report || ( github.ref_name == 'bayandin/pg16-bench' ) }}
       PLATFORM: ${{ matrix.platform }}
 
     runs-on: [ self-hosted, us-east-2, x64 ]
@@ -215,8 +178,11 @@ jobs:
 
     - name: Add Postgres binaries to PATH
       run: |
-        ${POSTGRES_DISTRIB_DIR}/v${DEFAULT_PG_VERSION}/bin/pgbench --version
-        echo "${POSTGRES_DISTRIB_DIR}/v${DEFAULT_PG_VERSION}/bin" >> $GITHUB_PATH
+        # We don't have Postgres 16 binaries in the Neon artifact yet, so use pgbench from v15
+        # (the binaries will be uploaded after the release)
+
+        ${POSTGRES_DISTRIB_DIR}/v15/bin/pgbench --version
+        echo "${POSTGRES_DISTRIB_DIR}/v15/bin" >> $GITHUB_PATH
 
     - name: Create Neon Project
       if: contains(fromJson('["neon-captest-new", "neon-captest-freetier", "neonvm-captest-new", "neonvm-captest-freetier"]'), matrix.platform)
@@ -317,293 +283,3 @@ jobs:
         slack-message: "Periodic perf testing ${{ matrix.platform }}: ${{ job.status }}\n${{ github.server_url }}/${{ github.repository }}/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }}"
       env:
         SLACK_BOT_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.SLACK_BOT_TOKEN }}
-
-  clickbench-compare:
-    # ClichBench DB for rds-aurora and rds-Postgres deployed to the same clusters
-    # we use for performance testing in pgbench-compare.
-    # Run this job only when pgbench-compare is finished to avoid the intersection.
-    # We might change it after https://github.com/neondatabase/neon/issues/2900.
-    #
-    # *_CLICKBENCH_CONNSTR: Genuine ClickBench DB with ~100M rows
-    # *_CLICKBENCH_10M_CONNSTR: DB with the first 10M rows of ClickBench DB
-    if: ${{ !cancelled() }}
-    needs: [ generate-matrices, pgbench-compare ]
-
-    strategy:
-      fail-fast: false
-      matrix: ${{ fromJson(needs.generate-matrices.outputs.olap-compare-matrix) }}
-
-    env:
-      POSTGRES_DISTRIB_DIR: /tmp/neon/pg_install
-      DEFAULT_PG_VERSION: 14
-      TEST_OUTPUT: /tmp/test_output
-      BUILD_TYPE: remote
-      SAVE_PERF_REPORT: ${{ github.event.inputs.save_perf_report || ( github.ref_name == 'main' ) }}
-      PLATFORM: ${{ matrix.platform }}
-
-    runs-on: [ self-hosted, us-east-2, x64 ]
-    container:
-      image: 369495373322.dkr.ecr.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/rust:pinned
-      options: --init
-
-    steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v3
-
-    - name: Download Neon artifact
-      uses: ./.github/actions/download
-      with:
-        name: neon-${{ runner.os }}-release-artifact
-        path: /tmp/neon/
-        prefix: latest
-
-    - name: Add Postgres binaries to PATH
-      run: |
-        ${POSTGRES_DISTRIB_DIR}/v${DEFAULT_PG_VERSION}/bin/pgbench --version
-        echo "${POSTGRES_DISTRIB_DIR}/v${DEFAULT_PG_VERSION}/bin" >> $GITHUB_PATH
-
-    - name: Set up Connection String
-      id: set-up-connstr
-      run: |
-        case "${PLATFORM}" in
-          neon-captest-reuse)
-            CONNSTR=${{ secrets.BENCHMARK_CAPTEST_CLICKBENCH_10M_CONNSTR }}
-            ;;
-          rds-aurora)
-            CONNSTR=${{ secrets.BENCHMARK_RDS_AURORA_CLICKBENCH_10M_CONNSTR }}
-            ;;
-          rds-postgres)
-            CONNSTR=${{ secrets.BENCHMARK_RDS_POSTGRES_CLICKBENCH_10M_CONNSTR }}
-            ;;
-          *)
-            echo >&2 "Unknown PLATFORM=${PLATFORM}. Allowed only 'neon-captest-reuse', 'rds-aurora', or 'rds-postgres'"
-            exit 1
-            ;;
-        esac
-
-        echo "connstr=${CONNSTR}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-
-        QUERY="SELECT version();"
-        if [[ "${PLATFORM}" = "neon"* ]]; then
-          QUERY="${QUERY} SHOW neon.tenant_id; SHOW neon.timeline_id;"
-        fi
-        psql ${CONNSTR} -c "${QUERY}"
-
-    - name: ClickBench benchmark
-      uses: ./.github/actions/run-python-test-set
-      with:
-        build_type: ${{ env.BUILD_TYPE }}
-        test_selection: performance/test_perf_olap.py
-        run_in_parallel: false
-        save_perf_report: ${{ env.SAVE_PERF_REPORT }}
-        extra_params: -m remote_cluster --timeout 21600 -k test_clickbench
-      env:
-        VIP_VAP_ACCESS_TOKEN: "${{ secrets.VIP_VAP_ACCESS_TOKEN }}"
-        PERF_TEST_RESULT_CONNSTR: "${{ secrets.PERF_TEST_RESULT_CONNSTR }}"
-        BENCHMARK_CONNSTR: ${{ steps.set-up-connstr.outputs.connstr }}
-        TEST_OLAP_SCALE: 10
-
-    - name: Create Allure report
-      if: ${{ !cancelled() }}
-      uses: ./.github/actions/allure-report-generate
-
-    - name: Post to a Slack channel
-      if: ${{ github.event.schedule && failure() }}
-      uses: slackapi/slack-github-action@v1
-      with:
-        channel-id: "C033QLM5P7D" # dev-staging-stream
-        slack-message: "Periodic OLAP perf testing ${{ matrix.platform }}: ${{ job.status }}\n${{ github.server_url }}/${{ github.repository }}/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }}"
-      env:
-        SLACK_BOT_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.SLACK_BOT_TOKEN }}
-
-  tpch-compare:
-    # TCP-H DB for rds-aurora and rds-Postgres deployed to the same clusters
-    # we use for performance testing in pgbench-compare & clickbench-compare.
-    # Run this job only when clickbench-compare is finished to avoid the intersection.
-    # We might change it after https://github.com/neondatabase/neon/issues/2900.
-    #
-    # *_TPCH_S10_CONNSTR: DB generated with scale factor 10 (~10 GB)
-    if: ${{ !cancelled() }}
-    needs: [ generate-matrices, clickbench-compare ]
-
-    strategy:
-      fail-fast: false
-      matrix: ${{ fromJson(needs.generate-matrices.outputs.tpch-compare-matrix) }}
-
-    env:
-      POSTGRES_DISTRIB_DIR: /tmp/neon/pg_install
-      DEFAULT_PG_VERSION: 14
-      TEST_OUTPUT: /tmp/test_output
-      BUILD_TYPE: remote
-      SAVE_PERF_REPORT: ${{ github.event.inputs.save_perf_report || ( github.ref_name == 'main' ) }}
-      PLATFORM: ${{ matrix.platform }}
-      TEST_OLAP_SCALE: ${{ matrix.scale }}
-
-    runs-on: [ self-hosted, us-east-2, x64 ]
-    container:
-      image: 369495373322.dkr.ecr.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/rust:pinned
-      options: --init
-
-    steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v3
-
-    - name: Download Neon artifact
-      uses: ./.github/actions/download
-      with:
-        name: neon-${{ runner.os }}-release-artifact
-        path: /tmp/neon/
-        prefix: latest
-
-    - name: Add Postgres binaries to PATH
-      run: |
-        ${POSTGRES_DISTRIB_DIR}/v${DEFAULT_PG_VERSION}/bin/pgbench --version
-        echo "${POSTGRES_DISTRIB_DIR}/v${DEFAULT_PG_VERSION}/bin" >> $GITHUB_PATH
-
-    - name: Get Connstring Secret Name
-      run: |
-        case "${PLATFORM}" in
-          neon-captest-reuse)
-            ENV_PLATFORM=CAPTEST_TPCH
-            ;;
-          rds-aurora)
-            ENV_PLATFORM=RDS_AURORA_TPCH
-            ;;
-          rds-postgres)
-            ENV_PLATFORM=RDS_AURORA_TPCH
-            ;;
-          *)
-            echo >&2 "Unknown PLATFORM=${PLATFORM}. Allowed only 'neon-captest-reuse', 'rds-aurora', or 'rds-postgres'"
-            exit 1
-            ;;
-        esac
-
-        CONNSTR_SECRET_NAME="BENCHMARK_${ENV_PLATFORM}_S${TEST_OLAP_SCALE}_CONNSTR"
-        echo "CONNSTR_SECRET_NAME=${CONNSTR_SECRET_NAME}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-
-    - name: Set up Connection String
-      id: set-up-connstr
-      run: |
-        CONNSTR=${{ secrets[env.CONNSTR_SECRET_NAME] }}
-
-        echo "connstr=${CONNSTR}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-
-        QUERY="SELECT version();"
-        if [[ "${PLATFORM}" = "neon"* ]]; then
-          QUERY="${QUERY} SHOW neon.tenant_id; SHOW neon.timeline_id;"
-        fi
-        psql ${CONNSTR} -c "${QUERY}"
-
-    - name: Run TPC-H benchmark
-      uses: ./.github/actions/run-python-test-set
-      with:
-        build_type: ${{ env.BUILD_TYPE }}
-        test_selection: performance/test_perf_olap.py
-        run_in_parallel: false
-        save_perf_report: ${{ env.SAVE_PERF_REPORT }}
-        extra_params: -m remote_cluster --timeout 21600 -k test_tpch
-      env:
-        VIP_VAP_ACCESS_TOKEN: "${{ secrets.VIP_VAP_ACCESS_TOKEN }}"
-        PERF_TEST_RESULT_CONNSTR: "${{ secrets.PERF_TEST_RESULT_CONNSTR }}"
-        BENCHMARK_CONNSTR: ${{ steps.set-up-connstr.outputs.connstr }}
-        TEST_OLAP_SCALE: ${{ matrix.scale }}
-
-    - name: Create Allure report
-      if: ${{ !cancelled() }}
-      uses: ./.github/actions/allure-report-generate
-
-    - name: Post to a Slack channel
-      if: ${{ github.event.schedule && failure() }}
-      uses: slackapi/slack-github-action@v1
-      with:
-        channel-id: "C033QLM5P7D" # dev-staging-stream
-        slack-message: "Periodic TPC-H perf testing ${{ matrix.platform }}: ${{ job.status }}\n${{ github.server_url }}/${{ github.repository }}/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }}"
-      env:
-        SLACK_BOT_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.SLACK_BOT_TOKEN }}
-
-  user-examples-compare:
-    if: ${{ !cancelled() }}
-    needs: [ generate-matrices, tpch-compare ]
-
-    strategy:
-      fail-fast: false
-      matrix: ${{ fromJson(needs.generate-matrices.outputs.olap-compare-matrix) }}
-
-    env:
-      POSTGRES_DISTRIB_DIR: /tmp/neon/pg_install
-      DEFAULT_PG_VERSION: 14
-      TEST_OUTPUT: /tmp/test_output
-      BUILD_TYPE: remote
-      SAVE_PERF_REPORT: ${{ github.event.inputs.save_perf_report || ( github.ref_name == 'main' ) }}
-      PLATFORM: ${{ matrix.platform }}
-
-    runs-on: [ self-hosted, us-east-2, x64 ]
-    container:
-      image: 369495373322.dkr.ecr.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/rust:pinned
-      options: --init
-
-    steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v3
-
-    - name: Download Neon artifact
-      uses: ./.github/actions/download
-      with:
-        name: neon-${{ runner.os }}-release-artifact
-        path: /tmp/neon/
-        prefix: latest
-
-    - name: Add Postgres binaries to PATH
-      run: |
-        ${POSTGRES_DISTRIB_DIR}/v${DEFAULT_PG_VERSION}/bin/pgbench --version
-        echo "${POSTGRES_DISTRIB_DIR}/v${DEFAULT_PG_VERSION}/bin" >> $GITHUB_PATH
-
-    - name: Set up Connection String
-      id: set-up-connstr
-      run: |
-        case "${PLATFORM}" in
-          neon-captest-reuse)
-            CONNSTR=${{ secrets.BENCHMARK_USER_EXAMPLE_CAPTEST_CONNSTR }}
-            ;;
-          rds-aurora)
-            CONNSTR=${{ secrets.BENCHMARK_USER_EXAMPLE_RDS_AURORA_CONNSTR }}
-            ;;
-          rds-postgres)
-            CONNSTR=${{ secrets.BENCHMARK_USER_EXAMPLE_RDS_POSTGRES_CONNSTR }}
-            ;;
-          *)
-            echo >&2 "Unknown PLATFORM=${PLATFORM}. Allowed only 'neon-captest-reuse', 'rds-aurora', or 'rds-postgres'"
-            exit 1
-            ;;
-        esac
-
-        echo "connstr=${CONNSTR}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-
-        QUERY="SELECT version();"
-        if [[ "${PLATFORM}" = "neon"* ]]; then
-          QUERY="${QUERY} SHOW neon.tenant_id; SHOW neon.timeline_id;"
-        fi
-        psql ${CONNSTR} -c "${QUERY}"
-
-    - name: Run user examples
-      uses: ./.github/actions/run-python-test-set
-      with:
-        build_type: ${{ env.BUILD_TYPE }}
-        test_selection: performance/test_perf_olap.py
-        run_in_parallel: false
-        save_perf_report: ${{ env.SAVE_PERF_REPORT }}
-        extra_params: -m remote_cluster --timeout 21600 -k test_user_examples
-      env:
-        VIP_VAP_ACCESS_TOKEN: "${{ secrets.VIP_VAP_ACCESS_TOKEN }}"
-        PERF_TEST_RESULT_CONNSTR: "${{ secrets.PERF_TEST_RESULT_CONNSTR }}"
-        BENCHMARK_CONNSTR: ${{ steps.set-up-connstr.outputs.connstr }}
-
-    - name: Create Allure report
-      if: ${{ !cancelled() }}
-      uses: ./.github/actions/allure-report-generate
-
-    - name: Post to a Slack channel
-      if: ${{ github.event.schedule && failure() }}
-      uses: slackapi/slack-github-action@v1
-      with:
-        channel-id: "C033QLM5P7D" # dev-staging-stream
-        slack-message: "Periodic User example perf testing ${{ matrix.platform }}: ${{ job.status }}\n${{ github.server_url }}/${{ github.repository }}/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }}"
-      env:
-        SLACK_BOT_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.SLACK_BOT_TOKEN }}

Dockerfile.compute-node

@@ -416,7 +416,7 @@ RUN case "${PG_VERSION}" in \
         ;; \
       "v16") \
         export PG_HINT_PLAN_VERSION=16_1_6_0 \
-        export PG_HINT_PLAN_CHECKSUM=fc85a9212e7d2819d4ae4ac75817481101833c3cfa9f0fe1f980984e12347d00 \
+        export PG_HINT_PLAN_CHECKSUM=ce6a8040c78012000f5da7240caf6a971401412f41d33f930f09291e6c304b99 \
         ;; \
       *) \
         echo "Export the valid PG_HINT_PLAN_VERSION variable" && exit 1 \

libs/vm_monitor/src/cgroup.rs

@@ -315,8 +315,12 @@ impl CgroupWatcher {
     where
         E: Stream<Item = Sequenced<u64>>,
     {
+        // There are several actions might do when receiving a `memory.high`,
+        // such as freezing the cgroup, or increasing its `memory.high`. We don't
+        // want to do these things too often (because postgres needs to run, and
+        // we only have so much memory). These timers serve as rate limits for this.
         let mut wait_to_freeze = pin!(tokio::time::sleep(Duration::ZERO));
-        let mut last_memory_high_increase_at: Option<Instant> = None;
+        let mut wait_to_increase_memory_high = pin!(tokio::time::sleep(Duration::ZERO));
         let mut events = pin!(events);
 
         // Are we waiting to be upscaled? Could be true if we request upscale due
@@ -328,8 +332,6 @@ impl CgroupWatcher {
                 upscale = upscales.recv() => {
                     let Sequenced { seqnum, data } = upscale
                         .context("failed to listen on upscale notification channel")?;
-                    waiting_on_upscale = false;
-                    last_memory_high_increase_at = None;
                     self.last_upscale_seqnum.store(seqnum, Ordering::Release);
                     info!(cpu = data.cpu, mem_bytes = data.mem, "received upscale");
                 }
@@ -394,17 +396,12 @@ impl CgroupWatcher {
                             .send(())
                             .await
                             .context("failed to request upscale")?;
-                        waiting_on_upscale = true;
                         continue;
                     }
 
                     // Shoot, we can't freeze or and we're still waiting on upscale,
                     // increase memory.high to reduce throttling
-                    let can_increase_memory_high = match last_memory_high_increase_at {
-                        None => true,
-                        Some(t) => t.elapsed() > self.config.memory_high_increase_every,
-                    };
-                    if can_increase_memory_high {
+                    if wait_to_increase_memory_high.is_elapsed() {
                         info!(
                             "received memory.high event, \
                             but too soon to refreeze and already requested upscale \
@@ -440,11 +437,12 @@ impl CgroupWatcher {
                         );
                         self.set_high_bytes(new_high)
                             .context("failed to set memory.high")?;
-                        last_memory_high_increase_at = Some(Instant::now());
-                        continue;
+                        wait_to_increase_memory_high
+                            .as_mut()
+                            .reset(Instant::now() + self.config.memory_high_increase_every)
                     }
 
-                    info!("received memory.high event, but can't do anything");
+                    // we can't do anything
                 }
             };
         }

pageserver/src/walingest.rs

@@ -470,14 +470,14 @@ impl<'a> WalIngest<'a> {
                         // we can't validate the remaining number of bytes without parsing
                         // the tuple data.
                         if (xlrec.flags & pg_constants::XLH_UPDATE_OLD_ALL_VISIBLE_CLEARED) != 0 {
-                            old_heap_blkno = Some(decoded.blocks.last().unwrap().blkno);
+                            old_heap_blkno = Some(decoded.blocks[0].blkno);
                         }
                         if (xlrec.flags & pg_constants::XLH_UPDATE_NEW_ALL_VISIBLE_CLEARED) != 0 {
                             // PostgreSQL only uses XLH_UPDATE_NEW_ALL_VISIBLE_CLEARED on a
                             // non-HOT update where the new tuple goes to different page than
                             // the old one. Otherwise, only XLH_UPDATE_OLD_ALL_VISIBLE_CLEARED is
                             // set.
-                            new_heap_blkno = Some(decoded.blocks[0].blkno);
+                            new_heap_blkno = Some(decoded.blocks[1].blkno);
                         }
                     }
                 } else if decoded.xl_rmid == pg_constants::RM_HEAP2_ID {
@@ -526,14 +526,14 @@ impl<'a> WalIngest<'a> {
                         // we can't validate the remaining number of bytes without parsing
                         // the tuple data.
                         if (xlrec.flags & pg_constants::XLH_UPDATE_OLD_ALL_VISIBLE_CLEARED) != 0 {
-                            old_heap_blkno = Some(decoded.blocks.last().unwrap().blkno);
+                            old_heap_blkno = Some(decoded.blocks[0].blkno);
                         }
                         if (xlrec.flags & pg_constants::XLH_UPDATE_NEW_ALL_VISIBLE_CLEARED) != 0 {
                             // PostgreSQL only uses XLH_UPDATE_NEW_ALL_VISIBLE_CLEARED on a
                             // non-HOT update where the new tuple goes to different page than
                             // the old one. Otherwise, only XLH_UPDATE_OLD_ALL_VISIBLE_CLEARED is
                             // set.
-                            new_heap_blkno = Some(decoded.blocks[0].blkno);
+                            new_heap_blkno = Some(decoded.blocks[1].blkno);
                         }
                     }
                 } else if decoded.xl_rmid == pg_constants::RM_HEAP2_ID {
@@ -582,14 +582,14 @@ impl<'a> WalIngest<'a> {
                         // we can't validate the remaining number of bytes without parsing
                         // the tuple data.
                         if (xlrec.flags & pg_constants::XLH_UPDATE_OLD_ALL_VISIBLE_CLEARED) != 0 {
-                            old_heap_blkno = Some(decoded.blocks.last().unwrap().blkno);
+                            old_heap_blkno = Some(decoded.blocks[0].blkno);
                         }
                         if (xlrec.flags & pg_constants::XLH_UPDATE_NEW_ALL_VISIBLE_CLEARED) != 0 {
                             // PostgreSQL only uses XLH_UPDATE_NEW_ALL_VISIBLE_CLEARED on a
                             // non-HOT update where the new tuple goes to different page than
                             // the old one. Otherwise, only XLH_UPDATE_OLD_ALL_VISIBLE_CLEARED is
                             // set.
-                            new_heap_blkno = Some(decoded.blocks[0].blkno);
+                            new_heap_blkno = Some(decoded.blocks[1].blkno);
                         }
                     }
                 } else if decoded.xl_rmid == pg_constants::RM_HEAP2_ID {
@@ -745,14 +745,14 @@ impl<'a> WalIngest<'a> {
                         // we can't validate the remaining number of bytes without parsing
                         // the tuple data.
                         if (xlrec.flags & pg_constants::XLH_UPDATE_OLD_ALL_VISIBLE_CLEARED) != 0 {
-                            old_heap_blkno = Some(decoded.blocks.last().unwrap().blkno);
+                            old_heap_blkno = Some(decoded.blocks[0].blkno);
                         }
                         if (xlrec.flags & pg_constants::XLH_UPDATE_NEW_ALL_VISIBLE_CLEARED) != 0 {
                             // PostgreSQL only uses XLH_UPDATE_NEW_ALL_VISIBLE_CLEARED on a
                             // non-HOT update where the new tuple goes to different page than
                             // the old one. Otherwise, only XLH_UPDATE_OLD_ALL_VISIBLE_CLEARED is
                             // set.
-                            new_heap_blkno = Some(decoded.blocks[0].blkno);
+                            new_heap_blkno = Some(decoded.blocks[1].blkno);
                         }
                     }
                     pg_constants::XLOG_NEON_HEAP_MULTI_INSERT => {

test_runner/regress/test_vm_bits.py

@@ -19,40 +19,18 @@ def test_vm_bit_clear(neon_simple_env: NeonEnv):
     # Install extension containing function needed for test
     cur.execute("CREATE EXTENSION neon_test_utils")
 
-    # Create a test table for a few different scenarios and freeze it to set the VM bits.
+    # Create a test table and freeze it to set the VM bit.
     cur.execute("CREATE TABLE vmtest_delete (id integer PRIMARY KEY)")
     cur.execute("INSERT INTO vmtest_delete VALUES (1)")
     cur.execute("VACUUM FREEZE vmtest_delete")
 
-    cur.execute("CREATE TABLE vmtest_hot_update (id integer PRIMARY KEY, filler text)")
-    cur.execute("INSERT INTO vmtest_hot_update VALUES (1, 'x')")
-    cur.execute("VACUUM FREEZE vmtest_hot_update")
-
-    cur.execute("CREATE TABLE vmtest_cold_update (id integer PRIMARY KEY)")
-    cur.execute("INSERT INTO vmtest_cold_update SELECT g FROM generate_series(1, 1000) g")
-    cur.execute("VACUUM FREEZE vmtest_cold_update")
-
-    cur.execute(
-        "CREATE TABLE vmtest_cold_update2 (id integer PRIMARY KEY, filler text) WITH (fillfactor=100)"
-    )
-    cur.execute("INSERT INTO vmtest_cold_update2 SELECT g, '' FROM generate_series(1, 1000) g")
-    cur.execute("VACUUM FREEZE vmtest_cold_update2")
+    cur.execute("CREATE TABLE vmtest_update (id integer PRIMARY KEY)")
+    cur.execute("INSERT INTO vmtest_update SELECT g FROM generate_series(1, 1000) g")
+    cur.execute("VACUUM FREEZE vmtest_update")
 
     # DELETE and UPDATE the rows.
     cur.execute("DELETE FROM vmtest_delete WHERE id = 1")
-    cur.execute("UPDATE vmtest_hot_update SET filler='x' WHERE id = 1")
-    cur.execute("UPDATE vmtest_cold_update SET id = 5000 WHERE id = 1")
-
-    # Clear the VM bit on the last page with an INSERT. Then clear the VM bit on
-    # the page where row 1 is (block 0), by doing an UPDATE. The UPDATE is a
-    # cold update, and the new tuple goes to the last page, which already had
-    # its VM bit cleared. The point is that the UPDATE *only* clears the VM bit
-    # on the page containing the old tuple. We had a bug where we got the old
-    # and new pages mixed up, and that only shows up when one of the bits is
-    # cleared, but not the other one.
-    cur.execute("INSERT INTO vmtest_cold_update2 VALUES (9999, 'x')")
-    # Clears the VM bit on the old page
-    cur.execute("UPDATE vmtest_cold_update2 SET id = 5000, filler=repeat('x', 200) WHERE id = 1")
+    cur.execute("UPDATE vmtest_update SET id = 5000 WHERE id = 1")
 
     # Branch at this point, to test that later
     fork_at_current_lsn(env, endpoint, "test_vm_bit_clear_new", "test_vm_bit_clear")
@@ -72,13 +50,9 @@ def test_vm_bit_clear(neon_simple_env: NeonEnv):
     """
     )
 
-    cur.execute("SELECT id FROM vmtest_delete WHERE id = 1")
+    cur.execute("SELECT * FROM vmtest_delete WHERE id = 1")
     assert cur.fetchall() == []
-    cur.execute("SELECT id FROM vmtest_hot_update WHERE id = 1")
-    assert cur.fetchall() == [(1,)]
-    cur.execute("SELECT id FROM vmtest_cold_update WHERE id = 1")
-    assert cur.fetchall() == []
-    cur.execute("SELECT id FROM vmtest_cold_update2 WHERE id = 1")
+    cur.execute("SELECT * FROM vmtest_update WHERE id = 1")
     assert cur.fetchall() == []
 
     cur.close()
@@ -103,11 +77,7 @@ def test_vm_bit_clear(neon_simple_env: NeonEnv):
     """
     )
 
-    cur_new.execute("SELECT id FROM vmtest_delete WHERE id = 1")
+    cur_new.execute("SELECT * FROM vmtest_delete WHERE id = 1")
     assert cur_new.fetchall() == []
-    cur_new.execute("SELECT id FROM vmtest_hot_update WHERE id = 1")
-    assert cur_new.fetchall() == [(1,)]
-    cur_new.execute("SELECT id FROM vmtest_cold_update WHERE id = 1")
-    assert cur_new.fetchall() == []
-    cur_new.execute("SELECT id FROM vmtest_cold_update2 WHERE id = 1")
+    cur_new.execute("SELECT * FROM vmtest_update WHERE id = 1")
     assert cur_new.fetchall() == []