test: continuously exercise real WSL terminal launch and paste

.github/actions/setup-wsl-test-runtime/action.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+name: Set up WSL test runtime
+description: Install a checksum-pinned Ubuntu WSL1 guest with executable Node and Git for real terminal tests.
+runs:
+  using: composite
+  steps:
+    - name: Provision Ubuntu WSL1
+      shell: pwsh
+      run: '& "${{ github.action_path }}/setup.ps1"'

.github/actions/setup-wsl-test-runtime/setup.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+$ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
+if (-not $IsWindows) { throw 'WSL test provisioning requires a Windows runner' }
+
+$rootfs = Join-Path $env:RUNNER_TEMP 'noble-rootfs.tar.gz'
+Invoke-WebRequest 'https://releases.ubuntu.com/24.04.4/ubuntu-24.04.4-wsl-amd64.wsl' -OutFile $rootfs
+if ((Get-FileHash $rootfs -Algorithm SHA256).Hash.ToLowerInvariant() -ne '9b2f7730dc68227dd04a9f3e5eab86ad85caf556b8606ad94f1f29ff5c4fd3f5') { throw 'Ubuntu rootfs checksum mismatch' }
+$distroDir = Join-Path $env:RUNNER_TEMP 'orca-wsl-ubuntu'
+wsl.exe --import Ubuntu $distroDir $rootfs --version 1
+if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { throw "WSL import failed: $LASTEXITCODE" }
+wsl.exe --distribution Ubuntu --user root --exec /usr/bin/true
+if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { throw "WSL guest did not start: $LASTEXITCODE" }
+wsl.exe --distribution Ubuntu --user root --exec /usr/bin/apt-get update
+if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { throw "WSL apt update failed: $LASTEXITCODE" }
+wsl.exe --distribution Ubuntu --user root --exec /usr/bin/apt-get install --yes git curl xz-utils
+if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { throw "WSL git install failed: $LASTEXITCODE" }
+$kernelMsi = Join-Path $env:RUNNER_TEMP 'wsl_update_x64.msi'
+Invoke-WebRequest 'https://wslstorestorage.blob.core.windows.net/wslblob/wsl_update_x64.msi' -OutFile $kernelMsi
+$installer = Start-Process msiexec.exe -ArgumentList @('/i', $kernelMsi, '/quiet', '/norestart') -Wait -PassThru
+if ($installer.ExitCode -ne 0) { throw "WSL kernel installation failed: $($installer.ExitCode)" }
+wsl.exe --status
+if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { throw "WSL status failed: $LASTEXITCODE" }
+wsl.exe --distribution Ubuntu --user root --exec /usr/bin/curl --fail --silent --show-error --location https://nodejs.org/dist/v22.14.0/node-v22.14.0-linux-x64.tar.xz --output /tmp/orca-node.tar.xz
+if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { throw 'Node download failed' }
+$nodeHash = wsl.exe --distribution Ubuntu --user root --exec /usr/bin/sha256sum /tmp/orca-node.tar.xz
+if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0 -or -not ($nodeHash -match '^69b09dba5c8dcb05c4e4273a4340db1005abeafe3927efda2bc5b249e80437ec')) { throw 'Node checksum mismatch' }
+wsl.exe --distribution Ubuntu --user root --exec /usr/bin/tar -xJf /tmp/orca-node.tar.xz -C /usr/local --strip-components=1
+if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { throw 'Node extraction failed' }
+wsl.exe --distribution Ubuntu --user root --exec /usr/local/bin/node --version
+if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { throw 'Node cannot execute in WSL' }
+wsl.exe --list --verbose
+if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { throw "WSL enumeration failed: $LASTEXITCODE" }

.github/workflows/pr.yml

@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ jobs:
       test_files: ${{ steps.e2e_filter.outputs.test_files }}
       ssh_source_changed: ${{ steps.e2e_filter.outputs.ssh_source_changed }}
       native_ime_source_changed: ${{ steps.e2e_filter.outputs.native_ime_source_changed }}
+      wsl_source_changed: ${{ steps.e2e_filter.outputs.wsl_source_changed }}
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
         uses: actions/checkout@v6
@@ -92,6 +93,8 @@ jobs:
           # trigger on IME source rather than on a spec name in some route's list.
           NATIVE_IME_SOURCE_CHANGED="$(printf '%s\n' "$CHANGED" | node config/scripts/pr-e2e-source-routing.mjs --native-ime-source)"
           echo "native_ime_source_changed=$NATIVE_IME_SOURCE_CHANGED" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          WSL_SOURCE_CHANGED="$(printf '%s\n' "$CHANGED" | node config/scripts/pr-e2e-source-routing.mjs --wsl-source)"
+          echo "wsl_source_changed=$WSL_SOURCE_CHANGED" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
           echo "Native IME source changed: $NATIVE_IME_SOURCE_CHANGED"
           SHOULD_RUN="$(printf '%s\n' "$CHANGED" | node config/scripts/pr-e2e-source-routing.mjs --reusable-workflow)"
           if [ "$SHOULD_RUN" = true ]; then
@@ -942,6 +945,16 @@ jobs:
       contents: read
     uses: ./.github/workflows/terminal-ime-e2e.yml
 
+  windows_wsl:
+    name: real WSL terminal
+    needs: code_paths
+    if: needs.code_paths.outputs.wsl_source_changed == 'true'
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/windows-wsl-e2e.yml
+    with:
+      ref: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}
+
   verify:
     if: always()
     needs:

.github/workflows/windows-wsl-e2e.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+name: Windows WSL terminal E2E
+
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      ref:
+        description: Commit to validate
+        type: string
+        required: false
+  workflow_call:
+    inputs:
+      ref:
+        type: string
+        required: false
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+concurrency:
+  group: windows-wsl-e2e-${{ github.event.pull_request.number || github.ref }}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+
+jobs:
+  wsl-terminal:
+    runs-on: windows-2022
+    timeout-minutes: 30
+    env:
+      NODE_OPTIONS: --max-old-space-size=4096
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        with:
+          ref: ${{ inputs.ref || github.sha }}
+          persist-credentials: false
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/setup-wsl-test-runtime
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/install-node-dependencies
+        with:
+          native-runtime: electron
+      - name: Build relay and Electron
+        run: |
+          pnpm run build:relay
+          if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { throw 'Relay build failed' }
+          pnpm exec electron-vite build --mode e2e
+          if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { throw 'Electron build failed' }
+      - name: Exercise real WSL launch and paste
+        env:
+          SKIP_BUILD: '1'
+          ORCA_E2E_FORWARD_APP_LOGS: '1'
+          PLAYWRIGHT_JSON_OUTPUT_FILE: test-results/wsl-results.json
+        run: >-
+          pnpm exec playwright test
+          tests/e2e/golden-tab-bar-agent-launch.spec.ts
+          tests/e2e/terminal-windows-shell-paste-ownership.spec.ts
+          --config tests/playwright.config.ts
+          --project=electron-headless
+          --grep "WSL"
+          --repeat-each=3
+          --workers=1
+          --reporter=list,json
+      - name: Require all nine WSL executions
+        if: always()
+        run: node config/scripts/verify-wsl-e2e-participation.mjs test-results/wsl-results.json
+      - name: Upload WSL participation report
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
+        if: always()
+        with:
+          name: windows-wsl-participation-report
+          path: test-results/wsl-results.json
+          retention-days: 3
+      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
+        if: failure()
+        with:
+          name: windows-wsl-terminal-traces
+          path: test-results/
+          retention-days: 7

config/reliability-gates.jsonc

@@ -18151,6 +18151,109 @@
         "No p95 CI history or full product mutation proof."
       ],
       "demotionRule": "Keep experimental while any recovery reproduction fails or any teardown, identity, resource-count, or rendered oracle flakes; never promote by extending sleeps or retries."
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "terminal.windows-wsl-launch-and-paste",
+      "title": "Real WSL terminal agent launch and paste ownership",
+      "maturity": "experimental",
+      "protection": "partial",
+      "owner": "terminal-runtime",
+      "layer": "electron-windows-wsl",
+      "surfaces": [
+        "agent tab launch",
+        "keyboard paste",
+        "terminal runtime retention"
+      ],
+      "platforms": [
+        "windows"
+      ],
+      "providers": [
+        "wsl1",
+        "wsl2"
+      ],
+      "coveredPlatforms": [
+        "windows"
+      ],
+      "coveredProviders": [
+        "wsl1"
+      ],
+      "coverageNotes": "Two Windows CI runs each passed the three WSL1 cases three times. The final per-scenario participation verifier and PR routing still await CI validation. WSL2 remains untested.",
+      "motivatingLinks": [
+        "https://github.com/stablyai/orca/actions/runs/34030832614"
+      ],
+      "invariant": "An agent launched into WSL runs in the guest; keyboard paste reaches exactly one owning PTY and preserves Linux content even after the default shell changes.",
+      "oracle": "Run the existing real WSL launch and two paste cases three times; require nine passes and zero skipped, unexpected, or flaky results in the Playwright JSON report.",
+      "commands": [
+        "gh workflow run windows-terminal-restart-e2e.yml --ref nwparker/validate-reusable-wsl-lane",
+        "gh workflow run windows-wsl-e2e.yml",
+        "pnpm exec playwright test tests/e2e/golden-tab-bar-agent-launch.spec.ts tests/e2e/terminal-windows-shell-paste-ownership.spec.ts --config tests/playwright.config.ts --project=electron-headless --workers=1",
+        "node_modules/.bin/vitest run --config config/vitest.config.ts config/scripts/wsl-e2e-lane-contract.test.mjs config/scripts/verify-wsl-e2e-participation.test.mjs"
+      ],
+      "testFiles": [
+        "tests/e2e/golden-tab-bar-agent-launch.spec.ts",
+        "tests/e2e/terminal-windows-shell-paste-ownership.spec.ts",
+        "config/scripts/wsl-e2e-lane-contract.test.mjs",
+        "config/scripts/verify-wsl-e2e-participation.test.mjs"
+      ],
+      "assertionRefs": [
+        {
+          "file": "tests/e2e/golden-tab-bar-agent-launch.spec.ts",
+          "assertions": [
+            "requires a distro-only marker from the launched agent"
+          ]
+        },
+        {
+          "file": "tests/e2e/terminal-windows-shell-paste-ownership.spec.ts",
+          "assertions": [
+            "requires exact Linux pasted content and exactly one PTY write",
+            "retains WSL paste ownership after changing the default shell"
+          ]
+        },
+        {
+          "file": "config/scripts/verify-wsl-e2e-participation.test.mjs",
+          "assertions": [
+            "rejects skipped, missing, substituted and retried scenarios"
+          ]
+        }
+      ],
+      "evidenceRuns": [
+        {
+          "date": "2026-09-06",
+          "runner": "ci",
+          "platform": "windows",
+          "result": "passed",
+          "command": "gh workflow run windows-terminal-restart-e2e.yml --ref nwparker/validate-reusable-wsl-lane",
+          "durationSeconds": 234,
+          "summary": "Run34030832614 at4de05e5: real WSL1 launch3 and paste6 passed; aggregate receipt required9 expected and0 skipped/unexpected/flaky. Final per-scenario verifier is newer and pending."
+        }
+      ],
+      "runtimeBudget": {
+        "p95Seconds": 1800,
+        "scope": "CI job timeout; measured p95 is not established"
+      },
+      "flakeHistory": {
+        "status": "soaking",
+        "evidence": "Pinned-image run34030695826 and reusable-action run34030832614 each passed9/9 with no skips; final verifier head pending."
+      },
+      "redGreenEvidence": {
+        "status": "partial",
+        "evidence": "Verifier tests reject absent or skipped scenarios, substituted titles, and passes after retries. Actual nine-pass report verification on the final verifier head is pending."
+      },
+      "performanceBudget": {
+        "required": false,
+        "evidence": "CI-only provisioning and routing; no application runtime changes."
+      },
+      "promotionCriteria": [
+        "Require all nine real WSL executions on the final workflow head.",
+        "Demonstrate missing or skipped WSL execution fails participation.",
+        "Collect repeated CI history before adding this experimental lane to required verification."
+      ],
+      "knownGaps": [
+        "WSL2 is not provisioned.",
+        "No SSH, folder-only workspace, packaged mixed-version, or live-service claim.",
+        "The new PR lane is outside verify until reliability is established."
+      ],
+      "demotionRule": "Keep experimental if provisioning or an execution flakes; never promote by skipping a case, raising timeouts, or retrying until green."
     }
   ]
 }

config/scripts/pr-e2e-source-routing.mjs

@@ -13,6 +13,18 @@ const NATIVE_IME_HARNESS =
   /^(?:config\/scripts\/(?:run-terminal-ibus-hangul-e2e|terminal-ime-engagement-receipt)\.mjs$|tests\/e2e\/terminal-ime-(?:boundary-probe|byte-reader|engagement-receipt)\.ts$|tests\/e2e\/terminal-(?:ibus-hangul|hangul-terminating-digit|macos-2set-korean)-native\.spec\.ts$)/
 
 export const PR_E2E_SOURCE_ROUTES = [
+  {
+    id: 'terminal.windows-wsl-launch-and-paste',
+    specs: [
+      'tests/e2e/golden-tab-bar-agent-launch.spec.ts',
+      'tests/e2e/terminal-windows-shell-paste-ownership.spec.ts'
+    ],
+    matches: (file) =>
+      isProductSource(file) &&
+      /^(?:config\/scripts\/verify-wsl-e2e-participation\.mjs$|src\/main\/(?:wsl[/-]|pty\/.*wsl|providers\/wsl)|src\/shared\/(?:wsl-|windows-terminal-shell)|src\/renderer\/src\/.*(?:terminal-paste|pty-paste)|tests\/e2e\/(?:golden-tab-bar-agent-launch\.spec|terminal-windows-shell-paste-ownership\.spec|helpers\/(?:wsl-golden-stub-agent|golden-stub-agent))|\.github\/(?:actions\/setup-wsl-test-runtime\/|workflows\/windows-wsl-e2e\.yml))/.test(
+        file
+      )
+  },
   {
     id: 'ephemeral-vm-runtime.rollback-readable-sidecar',
     specs: ['tests/e2e/ephemeral-vm-provisioned-root.spec.ts'],
@@ -227,6 +239,13 @@ export function shouldRunReusablePrE2e(changedPaths) {
   )
 }
 
+export function hasWslSourceChange(changedPaths) {
+  const route = PR_E2E_SOURCE_ROUTES.find(
+    (candidate) => candidate.id === 'terminal.windows-wsl-launch-and-paste'
+  )
+  return changedPaths.some(route.matches)
+}
+
 if (process.argv[1] && import.meta.url === pathToFileURL(process.argv[1]).href) {
   let input = ''
   process.stdin.setEncoding('utf8')
@@ -238,6 +257,8 @@ if (process.argv[1] && import.meta.url === pathToFileURL(process.argv[1]).href)
     process.stdout.write(`${hasSshSourceChange(changedPaths)}\n`)
   } else if (process.argv.includes('--reusable-workflow')) {
     process.stdout.write(`${shouldRunReusablePrE2e(changedPaths)}\n`)
+  } else if (process.argv.includes('--wsl-source')) {
+    process.stdout.write(`${hasWslSourceChange(changedPaths)}\n`)
   } else if (process.argv.includes('--native-ime-source')) {
     process.stdout.write(`${hasNativeImeSourceChange(changedPaths)}\n`)
   } else {

config/scripts/verify-wsl-e2e-participation.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+import { readFileSync } from 'node:fs'
+import { pathToFileURL } from 'node:url'
+
+export const WSL_TEST_TITLES = [
+  'tab-bar + menu launches an agent inside WSL @tab-bar-agent-launch-golden',
+  'WSL terminal keyboard paste preserves Linux shell content with one PTY owner',
+  'existing WSL terminal keeps paste runtime after default shell changes'
+]
+
+export function verifyWslParticipation(report) {
+  const stats = report?.stats
+  if (
+    !stats ||
+    stats.expected !== 9 ||
+    stats.skipped !== 0 ||
+    stats.unexpected !== 0 ||
+    stats.flaky !== 0 ||
+    report.errors?.length
+  ) {
+    throw new Error(`WSL participation failed: ${JSON.stringify(stats)}`)
+  }
+  const counts = new Map(WSL_TEST_TITLES.map((title) => [title, 0]))
+  const visit = (suites) => {
+    for (const suite of suites ?? []) {
+      for (const spec of suite.specs ?? []) {
+        if (!counts.has(spec.title)) {
+          throw new Error(`Unexpected WSL scenario: ${spec.title}`)
+        }
+        for (const test of spec.tests ?? []) {
+          if (
+            test.expectedStatus !== 'passed' ||
+            test.results?.length !== 1 ||
+            test.results[0].status !== 'passed'
+          ) {
+            throw new Error(`WSL scenario did not pass without retries: ${spec.title}`)
+          }
+          counts.set(spec.title, counts.get(spec.title) + 1)
+        }
+      }
+      visit(suite.suites)
+    }
+  }
+  visit(report.suites)
+  for (const [title, count] of counts) {
+    if (count !== 3) {
+      throw new Error(`WSL scenario requires three executions: ${title} (${count})`)
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+if (process.argv[1] && import.meta.url === pathToFileURL(process.argv[1]).href) {
+  verifyWslParticipation(JSON.parse(readFileSync(process.argv[2], 'utf8')))
+  console.log('All three WSL scenarios passed three times without skips or retries.')
+}

config/scripts/verify-wsl-e2e-participation.test.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
+import { verifyWslParticipation, WSL_TEST_TITLES } from './verify-wsl-e2e-participation.mjs'
+
+function report() {
+  return {
+    stats: { expected: 9, skipped: 0, unexpected: 0, flaky: 0 },
+    suites: [
+      {
+        suites: [
+          {
+            specs: WSL_TEST_TITLES.map((title) => ({
+              title,
+              tests: Array.from({ length: 3 }, () => ({
+                expectedStatus: 'passed',
+                results: [{ status: 'passed' }]
+              }))
+            }))
+          }
+        ]
+      }
+    ]
+  }
+}
+
+describe('WSL participation', () => {
+  it('accepts all three named scenarios executed three times', () => {
+    expect(() => verifyWslParticipation(report())).not.toThrow()
+  })
+  it.each(['skipped', 'unexpected', 'flaky'])('rejects a nonzero %s result', (key) => {
+    const value = report()
+    value.stats[key] = 1
+    expect(() => verifyWslParticipation(value)).toThrow('participation failed')
+  })
+  it('rejects missing scenarios even when aggregate counts claim nine passes', () => {
+    const value = report()
+    value.suites[0].suites[0].specs.pop()
+    expect(() => verifyWslParticipation(value)).toThrow('requires three executions')
+  })
+  it('rejects an unrelated scenario substituted for an expected scenario', () => {
+    const value = report()
+    value.suites[0].suites[0].specs[0].title = 'native shell passes'
+    expect(() => verifyWslParticipation(value)).toThrow('Unexpected WSL scenario')
+  })
+  it('rejects a pass obtained after a failed attempt', () => {
+    const value = report()
+    value.suites[0].suites[0].specs[0].tests[0].results.unshift({ status: 'failed' })
+    expect(() => verifyWslParticipation(value)).toThrow('without retries')
+  })
+  it('rejects missing report content', () => {
+    expect(() => verifyWslParticipation({})).toThrow('participation failed')
+  })
+})

config/scripts/wsl-e2e-lane-contract.test.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+import { readFileSync } from 'node:fs'
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
+import { parse } from 'yaml'
+import { hasWslSourceChange, selectPrE2eSpecs } from './pr-e2e-source-routing.mjs'
+
+const read = (path) => readFileSync(new URL(`../../${path}`, import.meta.url), 'utf8')
+
+describe('real WSL terminal lane', () => {
+  it.each([
+    'config/scripts/verify-wsl-e2e-participation.mjs',
+    'src/main/wsl-availability.ts',
+    'src/main/wsl/wsl-runner.ts',
+    'src/main/pty/wsl-orca-env.ts',
+    'src/shared/wsl-login-shell-command.ts',
+    'src/shared/windows-terminal-shell.ts',
+    'tests/e2e/helpers/wsl-golden-stub-agent.ts',
+    'tests/e2e/golden-tab-bar-agent-launch.spec.ts',
+    'tests/e2e/terminal-windows-shell-paste-ownership.spec.ts',
+    '.github/actions/setup-wsl-test-runtime/setup.ps1',
+    '.github/workflows/windows-wsl-e2e.yml'
+  ])('routes %s to both WSL sentinels', (path) => {
+    expect(hasWslSourceChange([path])).toBe(true)
+    expect(selectPrE2eSpecs([path])).toEqual(
+      expect.arrayContaining([
+        'tests/e2e/golden-tab-bar-agent-launch.spec.ts',
+        'tests/e2e/terminal-windows-shell-paste-ownership.spec.ts'
+      ])
+    )
+  })
+
+  it.each([
+    'docs/reference/wsl-command-execution.md',
+    'src/main/wsl-availability.test.ts',
+    'src/main/ssh/connection.ts'
+  ])('excludes unrelated or unit-only change %s', (path) => {
+    expect(hasWslSourceChange([path])).toBe(false)
+  })
+
+  it('runs the reusable lane at the immutable PR head', () => {
+    const pr = parse(read('.github/workflows/pr.yml'))
+    expect(pr.jobs.windows_wsl.if).toBe("needs.code_paths.outputs.wsl_source_changed == 'true'")
+    expect(pr.jobs.windows_wsl.with.ref).toBe('${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}')
+    const workflow = parse(read('.github/workflows/windows-wsl-e2e.yml'))
+    const steps = workflow.jobs['wsl-terminal'].steps
+    expect(steps[0].with.ref).toBe('${{ inputs.ref || github.sha }}')
+    expect(steps.some((step) => step.uses === './.github/actions/setup-wsl-test-runtime')).toBe(
+      true
+    )
+    const receipt = steps.find((step) => step.name === 'Require all nine WSL executions')
+    expect(receipt.if).toBe('always()')
+    expect(receipt.run).toBe(
+      'node config/scripts/verify-wsl-e2e-participation.mjs test-results/wsl-results.json'
+    )
+  })
+})