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https://github.com/stablyai/orca.git
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feat(computer-use): scroll and select list rows in background Linux windows, and aim GTK 4 clicks (#42201)
* feat(computer-use): scroll and select rows in background Linux windows, and aim GTK 4 pointer input Scroll moves the nearest scroll bar's value by whole viewports, handing the scroll outward at a view's end, or pages a web document with Component.ScrollTo, before falling back to the pointer. A click on a list row with no action selects it through the list's Selection when the index is proven to name that row. GTK 4 rectangles come from WINDOW extents plus the X11 client origin, since its SCREEN extents read [0, 0, w, h]. * fix(computer-use): keep Linux background scroll and select honest under partial and slow results Wait for ScrollTo to move before planning the next page, report pages already scrolled instead of falling back, let refused scroll bars fall through, clear a multi-select list before a plain-click select, accept only an InvalidArgs refusal as index proof, bound child walks, and read GTK 4 origins lazily. * fix(computer-use): scroll the innermost Linux view that overflows, and bound the scroll search ScrollTo now runs on each ancestor that overflows its own box, innermost first, so an inner scroller moves before the page; coordinate scrolls start from the deepest node under the point. Cap the scroll bar search to small containers, report a document at its end as a no-op, keep looking past an unusable spanning child, and look up GTK 4 window names once per operation.
This commit is contained in:
Kelvin Amoaba
@@ -156,20 +156,93 @@ class GeometryReader:
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finally:
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Atspi.set_timeout(ATSPI_METHOD_TIMEOUT_MS, ATSPI_STARTUP_TIMEOUT_MS)
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def rect(self, node):
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return screen_rect(node, self.read)
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def screen_rect(node, read=attempt):
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return extents_rect(node, Atspi.CoordType.SCREEN, read)
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def extents_rect(node, coord_type, read=attempt):
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component = read(node.get_component_iface)
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if component is None:
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return None
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rect = read(lambda: Atspi.Component.get_extents(component, Atspi.CoordType.SCREEN))
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rect = read(lambda: Atspi.Component.get_extents(component, coord_type))
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if rect is None or rect.width <= 0 or rect.height <= 0:
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return None
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return Rect(float(rect.x), float(rect.y), float(rect.width), float(rect.height))
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UNREAD = object()
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class Placement:
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"""Screen and window-relative rectangles for one window's nodes.
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GTK 4 reports SCREEN extents of [0, 0, w, h] for nearly every node, so its rectangles come from WINDOW
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extents plus the X11 client origin (agent-desktop probes/linux/FINDINGS.md L23-37).
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"""
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def __init__(self, app, window):
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self.app, self.window = app, window
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self.base = self._origin = UNREAD
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self.window_coords = toolkit_kind(app) == "gtk4"
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@property
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def origin(self):
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if self._origin is UNREAD:
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self._origin = (gtk4_client_origin(self.app, self.window)
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if self.window_coords and not wayland_session() else None)
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return self._origin
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def screen(self, node, read=attempt):
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if not self.window_coords:
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return screen_rect(node, read)
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rect = extents_rect(node, Atspi.CoordType.WINDOW, read) if self.origin is not None else None
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return None if rect is None else Rect(rect.x + self.origin[0], rect.y + self.origin[1], rect.width, rect.height)
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def bounds(self):
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if self.window_coords and wayland_session():
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# Why: Wayland capture finds the window through the compositor and only checks its size.
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return screen_rect(self.window)
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return self.screen(self.window)
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def frame(self, node, read=attempt):
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coord_type = Atspi.CoordType.WINDOW if self.window_coords else Atspi.CoordType.SCREEN
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if self.base is UNREAD:
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self.base = extents_rect(self.window, coord_type, read)
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rect = self.base if node is self.window else extents_rect(node, coord_type, read)
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if rect is None or self.base is None:
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return None
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return Rect(rect.x - self.base.x, rect.y - self.base.y, rect.width, rect.height)
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# Why per operation: list-windows places every window of an app, and each lookup is a subprocess.
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_x11_windows_by_pid = {}
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def gtk4_client_origin(app, window):
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xdotool = shutil.which("xdotool")
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if not xdotool:
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return None
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pid = pid_of(app)
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if pid not in _x11_windows_by_pid:
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ids = x11_window_ids(app, xdotool) or []
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_x11_windows_by_pid[pid] = [(value, x11_window_name(xdotool, value) if len(ids) > 1 else None) for value in ids]
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windows = _x11_windows_by_pid[pid]
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if len(windows) > 1:
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title = name_of(window)
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windows = [item for item in windows if item[1] == title]
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return x11_client_origin(int(windows[0][0])) if len(windows) == 1 else None
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def x11_window_name(xdotool, window_id):
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try:
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result = subprocess.run([xdotool, "getwindowname", window_id], check=False, capture_output=True,
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text=True, timeout=2)
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except (OSError, subprocess.TimeoutExpired):
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return None
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return result.stdout.rstrip("\n") if result.returncode == 0 else None
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def desktop_apps():
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for _, app in children(desktop_root()):
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if name_of(app):
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@@ -323,36 +396,91 @@ def restore_pointer_window(app, window):
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restore_window(app, window)
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if not wait_window_focused(window):
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raise RuntimeError("window_not_focused: window restoration did not focus the target window; no pointer input was sent")
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return screen_rect(window)
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X11_WINDOW = ctypes.c_ulong
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X11_ERROR_HANDLER = ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_void_p, ctypes.c_void_p)
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# Why kept: Xlib's default handler exits the process on a BadWindow from a window that closed mid-read.
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_ignore_x11_errors = X11_ERROR_HANDLER(lambda _display, _event: 0)
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@contextmanager
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def x11_display():
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"""libX11 and an open display, or (None, None) when no X11 display answers."""
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try:
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x = ctypes.CDLL("libX11.so.6")
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except OSError:
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yield None, None
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return
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pointer, window, integer = ctypes.c_void_p, X11_WINDOW, ctypes.c_int
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for name, result, args in (
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("XOpenDisplay", pointer, [ctypes.c_char_p]),
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("XCloseDisplay", integer, [pointer]),
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("XSetErrorHandler", X11_ERROR_HANDLER, [X11_ERROR_HANDLER]),
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("XDefaultRootWindow", window, [pointer]),
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("XQueryPointer", integer, [pointer, window, ctypes.POINTER(window), ctypes.POINTER(window),
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*[ctypes.POINTER(integer)] * 4, ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_uint)]),
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("XTranslateCoordinates", integer, [pointer, window, window, integer, integer, ctypes.POINTER(integer),
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ctypes.POINTER(integer), ctypes.POINTER(window)]),
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("XInternAtom", ctypes.c_ulong, [pointer, ctypes.c_char_p, integer]),
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("XGetWindowProperty", integer, [pointer, window, ctypes.c_ulong, ctypes.c_long, ctypes.c_long, integer,
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ctypes.c_ulong, ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_ulong), ctypes.POINTER(integer),
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ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_ulong), ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_ulong),
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ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_long))]),
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("XFree", integer, [pointer]),
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):
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fn = getattr(x, name)
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fn.restype, fn.argtypes = result, args
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display = x.XOpenDisplay(None)
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if not display:
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yield None, None
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return
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previous = x.XSetErrorHandler(_ignore_x11_errors)
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try:
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yield x, display
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finally:
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x.XCloseDisplay(display)
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x.XSetErrorHandler(previous)
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def x11_pointer_state():
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"""The X11 pointer's root position (None off the default screen) and modifier mask, or None with no X11 display."""
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try:
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x = ctypes.CDLL("libX11.so.6")
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except OSError:
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return None
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pointer, window, integer = ctypes.c_void_p, ctypes.c_ulong, ctypes.c_int
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x.XOpenDisplay.restype, x.XOpenDisplay.argtypes = pointer, [ctypes.c_char_p]
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x.XDefaultRootWindow.restype, x.XDefaultRootWindow.argtypes = window, [pointer]
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x.XQueryPointer.restype = integer
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x.XQueryPointer.argtypes = [pointer, window, ctypes.POINTER(window), ctypes.POINTER(window),
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*[ctypes.POINTER(integer)] * 4, ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_uint)]
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x.XCloseDisplay.argtypes = [pointer]
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display = x.XOpenDisplay(None)
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if not display:
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return None
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try:
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root, child = window(), window()
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root_x, root_y, window_x, window_y, mask = integer(), integer(), integer(), integer(), ctypes.c_uint()
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with x11_display() as (x, display):
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if display is None:
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return None
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root, child = X11_WINDOW(), X11_WINDOW()
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root_x, root_y, window_x, window_y = (ctypes.c_int() for _ in range(4))
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mask = ctypes.c_uint()
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# Why keep the mask on False: that only means the pointer is on another screen; the modifiers are still valid.
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if not x.XQueryPointer(display, x.XDefaultRootWindow(display), ctypes.byref(root), ctypes.byref(child),
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ctypes.byref(root_x), ctypes.byref(root_y), ctypes.byref(window_x),
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ctypes.byref(window_y), ctypes.byref(mask)):
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return None, None, mask.value
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return root_x.value, root_y.value, mask.value
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finally:
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x.XCloseDisplay(display)
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def x11_client_origin(window_id):
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"""Where the visible area of an X11 client window starts on the root: its origin plus its client-side shadow."""
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with x11_display() as (x, display):
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if display is None:
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return None
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root_x, root_y, child = ctypes.c_int(), ctypes.c_int(), X11_WINDOW()
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if not x.XTranslateCoordinates(display, window_id, x.XDefaultRootWindow(display), 0, 0,
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ctypes.byref(root_x), ctypes.byref(root_y), ctypes.byref(child)):
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return None
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shadow = (0, 0)
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atom = x.XInternAtom(display, b"_GTK_FRAME_EXTENTS", 1)
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actual_type, actual_format = ctypes.c_ulong(), ctypes.c_int()
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count, remaining, data = ctypes.c_ulong(), ctypes.c_ulong(), ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_long)()
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if atom and x.XGetWindowProperty(display, window_id, atom, 0, 4, 0, 6, ctypes.byref(actual_type),
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ctypes.byref(actual_format), ctypes.byref(count), ctypes.byref(remaining),
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ctypes.byref(data)) == 0 and data:
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try:
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if actual_format.value == 32 and count.value == 4:
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shadow = (int(data[0]), int(data[2])) # left, right, top, bottom
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finally:
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x.XFree(data)
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return root_x.value + shadow[0], root_y.value + shadow[1]
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@contextmanager
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@@ -1293,7 +1421,9 @@ def app_json(app):
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def window_json(app, index, window):
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bounds = screen_rect(window)
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bounds = Placement(app, window).bounds()
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# Why the SCREEN fallback: a GTK 4 window with no known origin still has a true size, just no position.
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size = bounds or screen_rect(window)
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showing = has_state(window, Atspi.StateType.SHOWING)
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return {
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"index": index,
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@@ -1302,8 +1432,8 @@ def window_json(app, index, window):
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"title": name_of(window),
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"x": round(bounds.x) if bounds else None,
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"y": round(bounds.y) if bounds else None,
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"width": max(0, round(bounds.width if bounds else 0)),
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"height": max(0, round(bounds.height if bounds else 0)),
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"width": max(0, round(size.width if size else 0)),
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"height": max(0, round(size.height if size else 0)),
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"isMinimized": not showing,
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"isOffscreen": not showing,
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"screenIndex": None,
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@@ -1317,7 +1447,8 @@ def make_snapshot(query, include_screenshot, window_id=None, window_index=None,
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if restore:
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restore_window(app, window)
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window_index, window = choose_window(app, window_id, window_index)
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bounds = screen_rect(window)
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placement = Placement(app, window)
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bounds = placement.bounds()
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tree_root, root_path = window, [window_index]
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if root is not None:
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tree_root = find_element(app, root)
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@@ -1336,12 +1467,13 @@ def make_snapshot(query, include_screenshot, window_id=None, window_index=None,
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app_info = app_json(app)
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window_title = name_of(window)
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screenshot = capture_png(bounds, app, window) if include_screenshot else None
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if include_screenshot and bounds is None and placement.window_coords:
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screenshot = screenshot_failure("GTK 4 screenshot skipped: Orca can't tell where this window sits on screen; "
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"use --no-screenshot and trust the tree")
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geometry = GeometryReader()
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for item in records:
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node = geometry_nodes[id(item)]
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rect = bounds if node is window else geometry.rect(node)
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if rect is not None and bounds is not None:
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rect = Rect(rect.x - bounds.x, rect.y - bounds.y, rect.width, rect.height)
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rect = placement.frame(node, geometry.read)
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item["frame"] = rect.to_json() if rect else None
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return {
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"snapshotId": str(uuid.uuid4()),
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@@ -1401,7 +1533,7 @@ def handshake_response():
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"pressKey": True,
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"hotkey": has_hotkey,
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"pasteText": has_clipboard,
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"scroll": not is_wayland,
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"scroll": True,
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"drag": not is_wayland,
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"setValue": True,
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"performAction": True,
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@@ -1424,10 +1556,11 @@ def all_nodes(root):
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result = []
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def walk(node):
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if len(result) >= MAX_NODES:
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return
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result.append(node)
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for _, child in children(node):
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# Why check before each child: every lookup is an AT-SPI round trip, and a list can hold thousands.
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if len(result) >= MAX_NODES:
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return
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walk(child)
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walk(root)
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@@ -1556,8 +1689,12 @@ def activate_focused_entry(app, window):
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"verification": {"state": "unverified", "reason": "accessibility_action_unasserted"}}
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def screen_point(window_rect, saved_element=None, x=None, y=None, node=None):
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rect = screen_rect(node) if node is not None else None
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def screen_point(placed, saved_element=None, x=None, y=None, node=None):
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if placed.window_coords and placed.origin is None:
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raise RuntimeError("unsupported capability: Orca can't tell where this GTK 4 window sits on screen, so "
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"pointer input would miss; nothing was sent. Use an element's accessibility action or set-value")
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window_rect = placed.screen(placed.window)
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rect = placed.screen(node) if node is not None else None
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if rect is not None:
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return rect.x + rect.width / 2, rect.y + rect.height / 2
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if saved_element is not None:
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@@ -1567,8 +1704,9 @@ def screen_point(window_rect, saved_element=None, x=None, y=None, node=None):
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return window_rect.x + float(x), window_rect.y + float(y)
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def window_point(window_rect, saved_element=None, x=None, y=None, node=None):
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point = screen_point(window_rect, saved_element, x, y, node)
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def window_point(placed, saved_element=None, x=None, y=None, node=None):
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point = screen_point(placed, saved_element, x, y, node)
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window_rect = placed.screen(placed.window)
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if (window_rect is None or not window_rect.x <= point[0] < window_rect.x + window_rect.width
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or not window_rect.y <= point[1] < window_rect.y + window_rect.height):
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raise RuntimeError("coordinate action target lies outside the target window, so the pointer would land on "
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@@ -1696,6 +1834,241 @@ def drag_between(start, end):
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Atspi.generate_mouse_event(round(x), round(y), "b1r")
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SCROLL_DIRECTIONS = {"up": ("vertical", -1), "down": ("vertical", 1), "left": ("horizontal", -1), "right": ("horizontal", 1)}
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DOCUMENT_ROLES = {"document web", "document frame", "scroll pane"}
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MAX_SCROLL_BAR_SIBLINGS = 8
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MAX_SCROLL_TO_PAGES = 10
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SCROLL_SETTLE_SECONDS = 1
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def scroll_direction(raw):
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direction = str(raw or "").strip().lower()
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if not direction:
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raise RuntimeError("direction is required")
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if direction not in SCROLL_DIRECTIONS:
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raise RuntimeError(f"unsupported scroll direction: {direction}")
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return SCROLL_DIRECTIONS[direction]
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def scroll_without_pointer(window, node, placed, x, y, direction, pages):
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"""Scroll through scroll bar values or Component.ScrollTo, which move no pointer and raise no window
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(agent-desktop actions/scroll/scroll_bus.rs; FINDINGS L4-22)."""
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axis, sign = scroll_direction(direction)
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pages = require_positive_number(1 if pages is None else pages, "pages")
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if node is None and x is not None and y is not None:
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node = node_at(window, placed, float(x), float(y), [MAX_NODES])
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at_limit, budget = None, [MAX_NODES]
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# Why innermost first: like a wheel, the nearest view that can move takes the scroll, and one at its end hands it out.
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for container in ancestors_to(node, window):
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bar = scroll_bar(container, axis)
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if bar is not None:
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action = write_scroll_bar(container, bar, axis, sign, pages)
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elif float(pages).is_integer():
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action = scroll_to_pages(container, placed, axis, sign, int(pages), budget)
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else:
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continue
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if action is not None and action["verification"].get("reason") != "suspected_noop":
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return action
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at_limit = at_limit or action
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return at_limit
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def ancestors_to(node, window):
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found, current = [], node
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for _ in range(MAX_DEPTH):
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if current is None:
|
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break
|
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found.append(current)
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if current is window or current == window:
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break
|
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current = attempt(lambda current=current: current.get_parent())
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return found
|
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|
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def node_at(window, placed, x, y, budget):
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"""The deepest node whose window-relative frame holds the point, preferring later (topmost) siblings."""
|
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node = window
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for _ in range(MAX_DEPTH):
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hit = None
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count = int(attempt(lambda node=node: node.get_child_count(), 0) or 0)
|
||||
for index in range(count - 1, -1, -1):
|
||||
budget[0] -= 1
|
||||
if budget[0] < 0:
|
||||
return node
|
||||
child = attempt(lambda node=node, index=index: node.get_child_at_index(index))
|
||||
frame = placed.frame(child) if child is not None else None
|
||||
if frame is not None and frame.x <= x < frame.x + frame.width and frame.y <= y < frame.y + frame.height:
|
||||
hit = child
|
||||
break
|
||||
if hit is None:
|
||||
return node
|
||||
node = hit
|
||||
return node
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
def scroll_bar(container, axis):
|
||||
vertical, horizontal = (getattr(Atspi.StateType, name, None) for name in ("VERTICAL", "HORIZONTAL"))
|
||||
# Why capped: scroll bars sit beside one viewport child, and reading every row of a big list costs the app memory.
|
||||
if int(attempt(lambda: container.get_child_count(), 0) or 0) > MAX_SCROLL_BAR_SIBLINGS:
|
||||
return None
|
||||
for _, child in children(container):
|
||||
if role_of(child).lower() != "scroll bar":
|
||||
continue
|
||||
if vertical is not None and has_state(child, vertical):
|
||||
matches = axis == "vertical"
|
||||
elif horizontal is not None and has_state(child, horizontal):
|
||||
matches = axis == "horizontal"
|
||||
else:
|
||||
rect = screen_rect(child)
|
||||
matches = rect is not None and (rect.height > rect.width) == (axis == "vertical")
|
||||
value = attempt(lambda child=child: child.get_value_iface()) if matches else None
|
||||
if value is None:
|
||||
continue
|
||||
low, high, current = (attempt(lambda read=read: read(value)) for read in (
|
||||
Atspi.Value.get_minimum_value, Atspi.Value.get_maximum_value, Atspi.Value.get_current_value))
|
||||
if None not in (low, high, current) and high > low:
|
||||
return value, float(low), float(high), float(current)
|
||||
return None
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
def write_scroll_bar(container, bar, axis, sign, pages):
|
||||
value, low, high, current = bar
|
||||
viewport = screen_rect(container)
|
||||
if viewport is None:
|
||||
return None
|
||||
# Why the viewport length: toolkit adjustments count pixels, so one page is one viewport (scroll_plan.rs).
|
||||
page = viewport.height if axis == "vertical" else viewport.width
|
||||
wanted = min(high, max(low, current + sign * pages * page))
|
||||
action = {"path": "accessibility", "actionName": "scrollBarValue", "fallbackReason": None}
|
||||
if abs(wanted - current) < 0.5:
|
||||
action["verification"] = {"state": "unverified", "reason": "suspected_noop"}
|
||||
return action
|
||||
if not attempt(lambda: Atspi.Value.set_current_value(value, wanted), False):
|
||||
return None
|
||||
readback = attempt(lambda: Atspi.Value.get_current_value(value))
|
||||
action["verification"] = ({"state": "verified", "property": "value"}
|
||||
if readback is not None and abs(float(readback) - wanted) < 0.5
|
||||
else {"state": "unverified", "reason": "value_mismatch"})
|
||||
return action
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
def scroll_to_pages(container, placed, axis, sign, pages, budget):
|
||||
edges = {("vertical", 1): "TOP_EDGE", ("vertical", -1): "BOTTOM_EDGE",
|
||||
("horizontal", 1): "LEFT_EDGE", ("horizontal", -1): "RIGHT_EDGE"}
|
||||
scroll_type = getattr(getattr(Atspi, "ScrollType", None), edges[(axis, sign)], None)
|
||||
if scroll_type is None:
|
||||
return None
|
||||
moved = accepted = 0
|
||||
at_end = False
|
||||
for _ in range(min(pages, MAX_SCROLL_TO_PAGES)):
|
||||
viewport = placed.frame(container)
|
||||
if viewport is None:
|
||||
break
|
||||
start, length = (viewport.y, viewport.height) if axis == "vertical" else (viewport.x, viewport.width)
|
||||
item = item_past_edge(container, placed, axis, sign, start, start + length, MAX_DEPTH, budget)
|
||||
at_end = item is None and budget[0] >= 0
|
||||
component = attempt(lambda: item.get_component_iface()) if item is not None else None
|
||||
before = placed.frame(item) if component is not None else None
|
||||
if before is None or not attempt(lambda: Atspi.Component.scroll_to(component, scroll_type), False):
|
||||
break
|
||||
accepted += 1
|
||||
if not wait_item_moved(item, placed, axis, before):
|
||||
break
|
||||
moved += 1
|
||||
if not accepted:
|
||||
# Why only documents: a document with nothing past its edge is at its end, while other nodes may not scroll.
|
||||
if at_end and role_of(container).lower() in DOCUMENT_ROLES:
|
||||
return {"path": "accessibility", "actionName": "scrollTo", "fallbackReason": None,
|
||||
"verification": {"state": "unverified", "reason": "suspected_noop"}}
|
||||
return None
|
||||
# Why an action after any page: once the document moved, falling back to the pointer would scroll it twice.
|
||||
verification = ({"state": "unverified", "reason": "accessibility_action_unasserted"} if moved
|
||||
else {"state": "unverified", "reason": "suspected_noop"})
|
||||
return {"path": "accessibility", "actionName": "scrollTo", "fallbackReason": None, "verification": verification}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
def item_past_edge(node, placed, axis, sign, viewport_start, viewport_end, depth, budget):
|
||||
"""The item that should lead the next page: the first one cut by or beyond the viewport edge we scroll toward."""
|
||||
if depth <= 0:
|
||||
return None
|
||||
edge = viewport_end if sign > 0 else viewport_start
|
||||
count = int(attempt(lambda: node.get_child_count(), 0) or 0)
|
||||
for index in (range(count) if sign > 0 else range(count - 1, -1, -1)):
|
||||
# Why a shared budget: each child is an AT-SPI round trip, and a document can hold thousands.
|
||||
budget[0] -= 1
|
||||
if budget[0] < 0:
|
||||
return None
|
||||
child = attempt(lambda index=index: node.get_child_at_index(index))
|
||||
frame = placed.frame(child) if child is not None else None
|
||||
if frame is None:
|
||||
continue
|
||||
start, end = (frame.y, frame.y + frame.height) if axis == "vertical" else (frame.x, frame.x + frame.width)
|
||||
if (start >= edge - 1) if sign > 0 else (end <= edge + 1):
|
||||
return child
|
||||
if start < edge < end:
|
||||
inner = item_past_edge(child, placed, axis, sign, viewport_start, viewport_end, depth - 1, budget)
|
||||
# Why the cut item itself: its hidden part leads the next page, unless it already fills the viewport.
|
||||
leads = start > viewport_start + 1 if sign > 0 else end < viewport_end - 1
|
||||
if inner is not None or leads:
|
||||
return inner if inner is not None else child
|
||||
return None
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
def wait_item_moved(item, placed, axis, before):
|
||||
"""Wait until ScrollTo moved the item, so the next page is planned from settled geometry."""
|
||||
deadline = time.monotonic() + SCROLL_SETTLE_SECONDS
|
||||
was = before.y if axis == "vertical" else before.x
|
||||
while True:
|
||||
frame = placed.frame(item)
|
||||
now = None if frame is None else frame.y if axis == "vertical" else frame.x
|
||||
if now is not None and abs(now - was) > 1:
|
||||
return True
|
||||
if time.monotonic() >= deadline:
|
||||
return False
|
||||
time.sleep(0.05)
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
def select_in_parent(app, node):
|
||||
"""Select a row through its container's Selection, proving the index names this row first (select_index.rs)."""
|
||||
parent = attempt(lambda: node.get_parent()) if node is not None else None
|
||||
selection = attempt(lambda: parent.get_selection_iface()) if parent is not None else None
|
||||
index = attempt(lambda: node.get_index_in_parent()) if selection is not None else None
|
||||
if index is None or index < 0 or not selection_indices_proven(app, parent, selection):
|
||||
return None
|
||||
if attempt(lambda: parent.get_child_at_index(index)) != node:
|
||||
raise RuntimeError("stale element: the selection index no longer names this element; run get-app-state again and use a fresh element index")
|
||||
multiselectable = getattr(Atspi.StateType, "MULTISELECTABLE", None)
|
||||
# Why clear first: a plain click replaces the selection, while SelectChild adds to a multi-select list's.
|
||||
if (multiselectable is not None and has_state(parent, multiselectable)
|
||||
and not attempt(lambda: Atspi.Selection.clear_selection(selection), False)):
|
||||
return None
|
||||
if not attempt(lambda: Atspi.Selection.select_child(selection, index), False):
|
||||
return None
|
||||
attempt(lambda: node.clear_cache())
|
||||
verified = has_state(node, Atspi.StateType.SELECTED)
|
||||
return {"path": "accessibility", "actionName": "selectChild", "fallbackReason": None,
|
||||
"verification": {"state": "verified", "property": "selection"} if verified
|
||||
else {"state": "unverified", "reason": "accessibility_action_unasserted"}}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
def selection_indices_proven(app, parent, selection):
|
||||
# Why: GTK 4 Selection counts item widgets, which can differ from its accessible children (select_index.rs).
|
||||
if toolkit_kind(app) in {"gtk3", "qt", "chromium", "gecko"}:
|
||||
return True
|
||||
count = int(attempt(lambda: parent.get_child_count(), 0) or 0)
|
||||
|
||||
def answer(index):
|
||||
try:
|
||||
Atspi.Selection.is_child_selected(selection, index)
|
||||
return "answered"
|
||||
except Exception as error:
|
||||
# Why only InvalidArgs: a timeout or lost connection proves nothing about the index space.
|
||||
return "refused" if "InvalidArgs" in str(error) else "unknown"
|
||||
|
||||
# Why counted: the index spaces match exactly when the last child answers and the one past it is refused.
|
||||
return count > 0 and answer(count - 1) == "answered" and answer(count) == "refused"
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
def is_enter_key(raw):
|
||||
return key_name(raw) in {"Return", "KP_Enter"}
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -2125,6 +2498,7 @@ def set_value(node, value):
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
def run_operation(operation):
|
||||
_x11_windows_by_pid.clear()
|
||||
tool = operation.get("tool")
|
||||
include_screenshot = not bool(operation.get("noScreenshot"))
|
||||
if tool == "handshake":
|
||||
@@ -2154,11 +2528,11 @@ def run_operation(operation):
|
||||
action = None
|
||||
|
||||
def pointer_input(what, hint, points, send):
|
||||
points(screen_rect(window)) # Why first: a stale or off-window target is not a reason to ask for a raise.
|
||||
points(Placement(app, window)) # Why first: a stale or off-window target is not a reason to ask for a raise.
|
||||
require_pointer_route(operation, what, hint)
|
||||
restored = restore_pointer_window(app, window)
|
||||
restore_pointer_window(app, window)
|
||||
with pointer_put_back():
|
||||
send(*points(restored))
|
||||
send(*points(Placement(app, window)))
|
||||
|
||||
if tool == "click":
|
||||
preferred = preferred_action(node)
|
||||
@@ -2168,7 +2542,8 @@ def run_operation(operation):
|
||||
else 1
|
||||
)
|
||||
has_modifiers = bool(str(operation.get("modifiers") or "").strip())
|
||||
semantic = not has_modifiers and operation.get("mouse_button", "left") == "left" and click_count <= 1 and preferred is not None
|
||||
simple = not has_modifiers and operation.get("mouse_button", "left") == "left" and click_count <= 1
|
||||
semantic = simple and preferred is not None
|
||||
if semantic:
|
||||
names = action_names(node)
|
||||
name = (names[preferred] if preferred < len(names) else "") or "action"
|
||||
@@ -2176,9 +2551,11 @@ def run_operation(operation):
|
||||
if semantic and perform_action(node, preferred):
|
||||
action = {"path": "accessibility", "actionName": name, "fallbackReason": None}
|
||||
else:
|
||||
action = select_in_parent(app, node) if simple else None
|
||||
if action is None:
|
||||
pointer_input(
|
||||
"this click", "Click an element by --element-index that has an accessibility action, or use set-value.",
|
||||
lambda bounds: [window_point(bounds, saved, operation.get("x"), operation.get("y"), node)],
|
||||
lambda placed: [window_point(placed, saved, operation.get("x"), operation.get("y"), node)],
|
||||
lambda point: click_at(*point, operation.get("mouse_button", "left"), click_count, operation.get("modifiers")),
|
||||
)
|
||||
action = {"path": "synthetic", "actionName": None, "fallbackReason": "actionUnsupported"}
|
||||
@@ -2196,20 +2573,23 @@ def run_operation(operation):
|
||||
raise RuntimeError(f'{operation.get("action", "")} is not a valid secondary action')
|
||||
action = {"path": "accessibility", "actionName": label, "fallbackReason": None}
|
||||
elif tool == "scroll":
|
||||
pointer_input(
|
||||
"scrolling", "",
|
||||
lambda bounds: [window_point(bounds, saved, operation.get("x"), operation.get("y"), node)],
|
||||
lambda point: scroll_at(*point, operation.get("direction"), operation.get("pages")),
|
||||
)
|
||||
action = {"path": "synthetic", "actionName": "scroll", "fallbackReason": None}
|
||||
action = scroll_without_pointer(window, node, Placement(app, window), operation.get("x"), operation.get("y"),
|
||||
operation.get("direction"), operation.get("pages"))
|
||||
if action is None:
|
||||
pointer_input(
|
||||
"scrolling", "This view exposes no scroll bar or scrollable document to scroll in the background.",
|
||||
lambda placed: [window_point(placed, saved, operation.get("x"), operation.get("y"), node)],
|
||||
lambda point: scroll_at(*point, operation.get("direction"), operation.get("pages")),
|
||||
)
|
||||
action = {"path": "synthetic", "actionName": "scroll", "fallbackReason": None}
|
||||
elif tool == "drag":
|
||||
from_node = find_element(app, operation.get("fromElement"))
|
||||
to_node = find_element(app, operation.get("toElement"))
|
||||
pointer_input(
|
||||
"dragging", "",
|
||||
lambda bounds: [
|
||||
window_point(bounds, operation.get("fromElement"), operation.get("from_x"), operation.get("from_y"), from_node),
|
||||
window_point(bounds, operation.get("toElement"), operation.get("to_x"), operation.get("to_y"), to_node),
|
||||
lambda placed: [
|
||||
window_point(placed, operation.get("fromElement"), operation.get("from_x"), operation.get("from_y"), from_node),
|
||||
window_point(placed, operation.get("toElement"), operation.get("to_x"), operation.get("to_y"), to_node),
|
||||
],
|
||||
drag_between,
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -22,6 +22,9 @@ class FakeStateType:
|
||||
SENSITIVE = 8
|
||||
HAS_POPUP = 9
|
||||
MULTI_LINE = 10
|
||||
VERTICAL = 11
|
||||
HORIZONTAL = 12
|
||||
MULTISELECTABLE = 13
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
class FakeStateSet:
|
||||
@@ -101,6 +104,15 @@ class FakeAccessible:
|
||||
self.name = name
|
||||
self.value = value
|
||||
self.children = list(children)
|
||||
self.parent = None
|
||||
for child in self.children:
|
||||
child.parent = self
|
||||
|
||||
def get_parent(self):
|
||||
return self.parent
|
||||
|
||||
def get_index_in_parent(self):
|
||||
return self.parent.children.index(self)
|
||||
|
||||
def get_child_count(self):
|
||||
return len(self.children)
|
||||
@@ -161,7 +173,7 @@ class SnapshotFixture(ExitStack):
|
||||
(runtime.time, "monotonic", lambda: self.clock),
|
||||
(runtime.Atspi, "set_timeout", self.set_timeout),
|
||||
(runtime.Atspi, "Component", types.SimpleNamespace(get_extents=self.extents)),
|
||||
(runtime.Atspi, "CoordType", types.SimpleNamespace(SCREEN=0)),
|
||||
(runtime.Atspi, "CoordType", types.SimpleNamespace(SCREEN=0, WINDOW=1)),
|
||||
(runtime, "capture_png", self.capture),
|
||||
(runtime, "restore_window", lambda *_: self.restore()),
|
||||
(runtime, "x11_pointer_state", lambda: self.pointer),
|
||||
@@ -673,6 +685,160 @@ class RuntimeRenderTest(unittest.TestCase):
|
||||
self.assertEqual(effects, [])
|
||||
keys.assert_not_called()
|
||||
|
||||
def test_gtk4_rectangles_come_from_window_extents_and_the_x11_client_origin(self):
|
||||
button = FakeAccessible("push button", "Open")
|
||||
window = FakeAccessible("frame", "Files", children=[button])
|
||||
app = FakeAccessible("application", "Files", children=[window])
|
||||
app.get_toolkit_name, app.get_toolkit_version = (lambda: "GTK"), (lambda: "4.14.5")
|
||||
# Why these numbers: GTK 4 answers SCREEN with [0, 0, w, h] (agent-desktop FINDINGS L23-37).
|
||||
extents = {(window, 0): (0, 0, 800, 600), (window, 1): (0, 0, 800, 600),
|
||||
(button, 0): (0, 0, 64, 44), (button, 1): (16, 299, 64, 44)}
|
||||
for node in (window, button):
|
||||
node.get_component_iface = lambda node=node: node
|
||||
def get_extents(node, coord_type):
|
||||
x, y, width, height = extents[(node, coord_type)]
|
||||
return types.SimpleNamespace(x=x, y=y, width=width, height=height)
|
||||
for origin, wayland in (((1000, 500), False), (None, False), (None, True)):
|
||||
with self.subTest(origin=origin, wayland=wayland), \
|
||||
patch.object(runtime.Atspi, "Component", types.SimpleNamespace(get_extents=get_extents), create=True), \
|
||||
patch.object(runtime.Atspi, "CoordType", types.SimpleNamespace(SCREEN=0, WINDOW=1), create=True), \
|
||||
patch.object(runtime, "gtk4_client_origin", lambda *_: origin), \
|
||||
patch.object(runtime, "wayland_session", lambda: wayland):
|
||||
placed = runtime.Placement(app, window)
|
||||
self.assertEqual(placed.frame(button).to_json(), {"x": 16, "y": 299, "width": 64, "height": 44})
|
||||
if origin:
|
||||
self.assertEqual(runtime.window_point(placed, {"index": 1}, node=button), (1048, 821))
|
||||
else:
|
||||
with self.assertRaisesRegex(RuntimeError, "GTK 4 window"):
|
||||
runtime.window_point(placed, {"index": 1}, node=button)
|
||||
|
||||
def test_background_scroll_pages_a_scroll_bar_and_hands_the_end_to_the_outer_view(self):
|
||||
def view(name, value, high, children=()):
|
||||
bar = FakeAccessible("scroll bar", name + " bar")
|
||||
bar.position = value
|
||||
bar.high = high
|
||||
bar.get_state_set = lambda: FakeStateSet(FakeStateType.VERTICAL)
|
||||
bar.get_value_iface = lambda: bar
|
||||
pane = FakeAccessible("scroll pane", name, children=[bar, *children])
|
||||
return pane, bar
|
||||
row = FakeAccessible("list item", "Row")
|
||||
inner, inner_bar = view("inner", 300, 300, [row])
|
||||
outer, outer_bar = view("outer", 0, 2000, [inner])
|
||||
writes = []
|
||||
def set_value(bar, value):
|
||||
writes.append((bar.name, value))
|
||||
bar.position = value
|
||||
return True
|
||||
value_api = types.SimpleNamespace(get_minimum_value=lambda bar: 0, get_maximum_value=lambda bar: bar.high,
|
||||
get_current_value=lambda bar: bar.position, set_current_value=set_value)
|
||||
with SnapshotFixture(FakeAccessible("frame", "Editor", children=[outer])) as fixture, \
|
||||
patch.object(runtime.Atspi, "Value", value_api, create=True):
|
||||
fixture.bounds[outer] = runtime.Rect(100, 200, 300, 250)
|
||||
element = next(item for item in runtime.make_snapshot("Fixture", False)["elements"] if item["name"] == "Row")
|
||||
result = runtime.run_operation({"tool": "scroll", "app": "Fixture", "element": element, "direction": "down",
|
||||
"pages": 2, "noScreenshot": True})
|
||||
self.assertEqual(writes, [("outer bar", 500)])
|
||||
self.assertEqual(result["action"]["verification"], {"state": "verified", "property": "value"})
|
||||
self.assertEqual(result["action"]["delivery"], "background")
|
||||
runtime.run_operation({"tool": "scroll", "app": "Fixture", "element": element, "direction": "up",
|
||||
"pages": 0.5, "noScreenshot": True})
|
||||
self.assertEqual(writes[-1], ("inner bar", 300 - 0.5 * fixture.bounds[inner].height))
|
||||
|
||||
def test_background_scroll_pages_a_document_with_scroll_to(self):
|
||||
items = [FakeAccessible("paragraph", f"Item {index}") for index in range(6)]
|
||||
document = FakeAccessible("document web", "Page", children=items)
|
||||
scrolled = []
|
||||
offset = [0]
|
||||
with SnapshotFixture(FakeAccessible("frame", "Browser", children=[document])) as fixture:
|
||||
fixture.bounds[document] = runtime.Rect(0, 100, 400, 300)
|
||||
def place():
|
||||
for index, item in enumerate(items):
|
||||
fixture.bounds[item] = runtime.Rect(0, 100 + index * 120 - offset[0], 400, 120)
|
||||
place()
|
||||
def scroll_to(item, edge):
|
||||
scrolled.append((item.name, edge))
|
||||
offset[0] += fixture.bounds[item].y - 100
|
||||
place()
|
||||
return True
|
||||
with patch.object(runtime.Atspi.Component, "scroll_to", scroll_to, create=True), \
|
||||
patch.object(runtime.Atspi, "ScrollType", types.SimpleNamespace(TOP_EDGE="top", BOTTOM_EDGE="bottom"), create=True):
|
||||
result = runtime.run_operation({"tool": "scroll", "app": "Fixture", "x": 50, "y": 50,
|
||||
"direction": "down", "pages": 3, "noScreenshot": True})
|
||||
# Why Item 2: it spans 340-460 and the viewport ends at 400, so its hidden half leads the next page.
|
||||
# The third page finds nothing past the document's end, and the two pages already moved still count.
|
||||
self.assertEqual(scrolled, [("Item 2", "top"), ("Item 4", "top")])
|
||||
self.assertEqual(result["action"]["actionName"], "scrollTo")
|
||||
|
||||
def test_background_scroll_moves_the_inner_scroller_before_the_page(self):
|
||||
inner_items = [FakeAccessible("list item", f"Message {index}") for index in range(4)]
|
||||
log = FakeAccessible("panel", "Chat log", children=inner_items)
|
||||
page_items = [FakeAccessible("paragraph", f"Section {index}") for index in range(4)]
|
||||
document = FakeAccessible("document web", "Page", children=[log, *page_items])
|
||||
scrolled = []
|
||||
with SnapshotFixture(FakeAccessible("frame", "Browser", children=[document])) as fixture:
|
||||
fixture.bounds[fixture.root] = runtime.Rect(0, 0, 400, 400)
|
||||
fixture.bounds[document] = runtime.Rect(0, 0, 400, 400)
|
||||
fixture.bounds[log] = runtime.Rect(0, 0, 400, 100)
|
||||
for index, item in enumerate(inner_items):
|
||||
fixture.bounds[item] = runtime.Rect(0, index * 60, 400, 60)
|
||||
for index, item in enumerate(page_items):
|
||||
fixture.bounds[item] = runtime.Rect(0, 100 + index * 150, 400, 150)
|
||||
element = next(item for item in runtime.make_snapshot("Fixture", False)["elements"] if item["name"] == "Message 0")
|
||||
def scroll_to(item, _):
|
||||
scrolled.append(item.name)
|
||||
fixture.bounds[item] = runtime.Rect(0, 0, 400, 60)
|
||||
return True
|
||||
with patch.object(runtime.Atspi.Component, "scroll_to", scroll_to, create=True), \
|
||||
patch.object(runtime.Atspi, "ScrollType", types.SimpleNamespace(TOP_EDGE="top"), create=True):
|
||||
runtime.run_operation({"tool": "scroll", "app": "Fixture", "element": element, "direction": "down",
|
||||
"pages": 1, "noScreenshot": True})
|
||||
# Why Message 1: it spans 60-120 and the chat log's own box ends at 100, so the log scrolls, not the page.
|
||||
self.assertEqual(scrolled, ["Message 1"])
|
||||
|
||||
def test_click_without_an_action_selects_the_row_only_when_its_index_is_proven(self):
|
||||
cases = (
|
||||
("Qt", "6.6", None, "selected"),
|
||||
("GTK", "4.14", (True, False), "selected"),
|
||||
("GTK", "4.14", (True, True), "refused"),
|
||||
("GTK", "4.14", (True, "timeout"), "refused"),
|
||||
("Qt", "6.6", "replaced", "stale"),
|
||||
("GTK", "3.24", "multiple", "selected"),
|
||||
)
|
||||
for toolkit, version, counted, expected in cases:
|
||||
rows = [FakeAccessible("list item", name) for name in ("Mouse", "Keyboard")]
|
||||
listing = FakeAccessible("list", "Devices", children=rows)
|
||||
selected = ["Mouse"] if counted == "multiple" else []
|
||||
listing.get_state_set = lambda: FakeStateSet(*([FakeStateType.MULTISELECTABLE] if counted == "multiple" else []))
|
||||
listing.get_selection_iface = lambda: listing
|
||||
if counted == "replaced":
|
||||
rows[1].get_index_in_parent = lambda: 0
|
||||
for row in rows:
|
||||
row.get_state_set = lambda row=row: FakeStateSet(*([FakeStateType.SELECTED] if row.name in selected else []))
|
||||
def is_child_selected(_, index):
|
||||
answer = (counted if isinstance(counted, tuple) else (True, False))[index - len(rows) + 1]
|
||||
if answer is not True:
|
||||
raise RuntimeError("Timeout was reached" if answer == "timeout" else "GDBus.Error:org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.InvalidArgs")
|
||||
return False
|
||||
selection = types.SimpleNamespace(
|
||||
select_child=lambda _, index: selected.append(rows[index].name) or True,
|
||||
clear_selection=lambda _: selected.clear() or True,
|
||||
is_child_selected=is_child_selected)
|
||||
with self.subTest(toolkit=toolkit, counted=counted), \
|
||||
SnapshotFixture(FakeAccessible("frame", "Settings", children=[listing])) as fixture, \
|
||||
patch.object(runtime.Atspi, "Selection", selection, create=True), \
|
||||
patch.object(runtime, "gtk4_client_origin", lambda *_: (0, 0)):
|
||||
fixture.app.get_toolkit_name, fixture.app.get_toolkit_version = (lambda: toolkit), (lambda: version)
|
||||
element = next(item for item in runtime.make_snapshot("Fixture", False)["elements"] if item["name"] == "Keyboard")
|
||||
request = {"tool": "click", "app": "Fixture", "element": element, "noScreenshot": True}
|
||||
if expected == "selected":
|
||||
result = runtime.run_operation(request)
|
||||
self.assertEqual(selected, ["Keyboard"])
|
||||
self.assertEqual(result["action"]["verification"], {"state": "verified", "property": "selection"})
|
||||
else:
|
||||
with self.assertRaisesRegex(RuntimeError, "background_unavailable" if expected == "refused" else "stale element"):
|
||||
runtime.run_operation(request)
|
||||
self.assertEqual(selected, [])
|
||||
|
||||
def test_text_entry_inserts_into_the_focused_field_of_a_background_window(self):
|
||||
cases = (
|
||||
("type_text", "🚀 café", (6, 11), "Hello 🚀 café", 12),
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ On macOS, background actions that would open a menu or dialog over the user are
|
||||
|
||||
On macOS, every action without `--restore-window` runs in the background: the target app is not brought forward, the user's frontmost app and key window stay put, and the real pointer does not move. `capabilities` reports this as `supports.input.background`.
|
||||
|
||||
On Linux, element clicks through the element's accessibility action, `set-value`, `type-text --element-index` and secondary actions run without raising the window or moving the pointer, and Return in a focused GTK text field runs its activate action. Anything that needs the real pointer (clicks with no accessibility action, right, middle, multiple or modified clicks, scrolling, drags) or the focused window (other keys, typing with no focused editable field) is refused with `background_unavailable` and nothing is sent; so is a click that would open a menu, a keyboard-grabbing popup or a dialog (a GTK 4 or Qt label ending in `…`). Ask the user before retrying with `--restore-window`, which raises only the target window, refuses a window on another workspace and puts the cursor back. On Wayland, synthetic pointer and key input never reaches native windows, so it is refused even with the flag. `action.delivery` is measured: `foreground` when the input went to the window in front or the target came forward.
|
||||
On Linux, element clicks through the element's accessibility action (or, for a list row with none, its list's selection), `set-value`, `type-text --element-index` and secondary actions run without raising the window or moving the pointer, and Return in a focused GTK text field runs its activate action. Scrolling moves the nearest scroll bar under the element or point by whole viewports, or pages a web document, also in the background. Anything that needs the real pointer (other clicks with no accessibility action, right, middle, multiple or modified clicks, scrolls in a view with no scroll bar or document, drags) or the focused window (other keys, typing with no focused editable field) is refused with `background_unavailable` and nothing is sent; so is a click that would open a menu, a keyboard-grabbing popup or a dialog (a GTK 4 or Qt label ending in `…`). Ask the user before retrying with `--restore-window`, which raises only the target window, refuses a window on another workspace and puts the cursor back. On Wayland, synthetic pointer and key input never reaches native windows, so it is refused even with the flag. `action.delivery` is measured: `foreground` when the input went to the window in front or the target came forward.
|
||||
|
||||
On Windows, these actions go through UI Automation when the control supports them, without moving the pointer or sending keys: element clicks, `set-value` (including sliders), scrolls of an element or of the scrollable area under `--x`/`--y` (fractional `--pages` too), and secondary actions such as `Invoke`, `Toggle`, `Select`, `Expand`, `Collapse` and `ScrollToVisible` (the last brings a list or tree item into view). Some apps bring their own window forward when driven this way (WPF apps do for most of these), so read `action.delivery`: `background` means the user's foreground window stayed put, `foreground` means the target came forward. Clicks by coordinates, right, middle, modified and multi-clicks, clicks on elements with no `Invoke`, `Select` or `Toggle` action, scrolls over nothing scrollable, and drags need the real mouse, so they are refused with `background_unavailable` and nothing is sent. With `--restore-window` (after asking the user), only the target window comes forward, never one on another virtual desktop, and the pointer goes back where it was.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1176,7 +1176,7 @@ const ORCA_COMPUTER_USE_MARKDOWN = [
|
||||
"",
|
||||
"On macOS, every action without `--restore-window` runs in the background: the target app is not brought forward, the user's frontmost app and key window stay put, and the real pointer does not move. `capabilities` reports this as `supports.input.background`.",
|
||||
"",
|
||||
"On Linux, element clicks through the element's accessibility action, `set-value`, `type-text --element-index` and secondary actions run without raising the window or moving the pointer, and Return in a focused GTK text field runs its activate action. Anything that needs the real pointer (clicks with no accessibility action, right, middle, multiple or modified clicks, scrolling, drags) or the focused window (other keys, typing with no focused editable field) is refused with `background_unavailable` and nothing is sent; so is a click that would open a menu, a keyboard-grabbing popup or a dialog (a GTK 4 or Qt label ending in `…`). Ask the user before retrying with `--restore-window`, which raises only the target window, refuses a window on another workspace and puts the cursor back. On Wayland, synthetic pointer and key input never reaches native windows, so it is refused even with the flag. `action.delivery` is measured: `foreground` when the input went to the window in front or the target came forward.",
|
||||
"On Linux, element clicks through the element's accessibility action (or, for a list row with none, its list's selection), `set-value`, `type-text --element-index` and secondary actions run without raising the window or moving the pointer, and Return in a focused GTK text field runs its activate action. Scrolling moves the nearest scroll bar under the element or point by whole viewports, or pages a web document, also in the background. Anything that needs the real pointer (other clicks with no accessibility action, right, middle, multiple or modified clicks, scrolls in a view with no scroll bar or document, drags) or the focused window (other keys, typing with no focused editable field) is refused with `background_unavailable` and nothing is sent; so is a click that would open a menu, a keyboard-grabbing popup or a dialog (a GTK 4 or Qt label ending in `…`). Ask the user before retrying with `--restore-window`, which raises only the target window, refuses a window on another workspace and puts the cursor back. On Wayland, synthetic pointer and key input never reaches native windows, so it is refused even with the flag. `action.delivery` is measured: `foreground` when the input went to the window in front or the target came forward.",
|
||||
"",
|
||||
"On Windows, these actions go through UI Automation when the control supports them, without moving the pointer or sending keys: element clicks, `set-value` (including sliders), scrolls of an element or of the scrollable area under `--x`/`--y` (fractional `--pages` too), and secondary actions such as `Invoke`, `Toggle`, `Select`, `Expand`, `Collapse` and `ScrollToVisible` (the last brings a list or tree item into view). Some apps bring their own window forward when driven this way (WPF apps do for most of these), so read `action.delivery`: `background` means the user's foreground window stayed put, `foreground` means the target came forward. Clicks by coordinates, right, middle, modified and multi-clicks, clicks on elements with no `Invoke`, `Select` or `Toggle` action, scrolls over nothing scrollable, and drags need the real mouse, so they are refused with `background_unavailable` and nothing is sent. With `--restore-window` (after asking the user), only the target window comes forward, never one on another virtual desktop, and the pointer goes back where it was.",
|
||||
"",
|
||||
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user