* feat(apps): authorize deployed-app S3 reads on-behalf of the author for logged-in viewers A logged-in user viewing a deployed app now reads S3 files (rich result, table/image/PDF preview, CSV export, download, metadata) the same way an anonymous viewer already does: on-behalf of the app author per the app policy's execution_mode, gated by an app-provenance check — instead of against the viewer's own S3 permissions. This aligns S3 with every other thing an app does (scripts, flows, resources all already run on-behalf of the author) and lets an operator who lacks folder S3 permission still see data rendered inside the app. The raw job_helpers/* S3 API stays viewer-scoped: a viewer who lacks folder permission is still denied there. Only which endpoint the app frontend uses for logged-in deployed viewers changes. Backend: - Add app-scoped, provenance-gated apps_u/* variants for all S3 display ops (download_s3_file already existed; add download_s3_parquet_file_as_csv, load_file_metadata, load_file_preview, load_parquet_preview, load_csv_preview, load_table_count). Each routes through one shared helper (app_s3_on_behalf_and_provenance) that scope-confines an app embed token, resolves the on-behalf identity, and runs the provenance gate ONCE before dispatching to the EE *_internal S3 helpers. - Close the confused-deputy hole in check_if_allowed_to_access_s3_file_from_app: the unconditional Ok() bypass for a logged-in, non-embed session now only applies in viewer execution mode (where the on-behalf identity IS the viewer, so the viewer's own permissions still bound the read downstream). Author-mode reads (anonymous/publisher) always enforce provenance, for anonymous and logged-in viewers alike, so a viewer cannot launder the author's S3 permissions with an arbitrary file_key. Frontend: - Route the deployed-app view through apps_u/* using the app-viewer isEditor signal instead of login state (the old $userStore proxy wrongly sent logged-in deployed viewers to the viewer-scoped job_helpers API). Editor and preview keep viewer identity via job_helpers. execution_mode: viewer remains the escape hatch for per-viewer S3 enforcement. Fixes provenance-gated S3 display for logged-in operators on deployed apps. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com> * docs(backend): document cargo features, restarting the dev backend, and filesystem object storage The dev backend runs `cargo watch --features quickjs` by default, which omits S3, EE, MCP, and non-JS runtimes — feature-gated routes then 404 or return a "requires <feature>" stub at runtime. Add a backend/CLAUDE.md section that: - explains that you must restart the backend with the appropriate features to exercise gated functionality, with the pid/cwd-scoped restart recipe (never pkill target/debug/windmill) and the PORT=$BACKEND_PORT gotcha; - documents what each commonly-toggled feature gate does (private, enterprise, license, parquet, duckdb, language runtimes, mcp, trigger kinds, no_auth) plus common combinations; - documents using the built-in FilesystemStorage large-file storage for dev workspace object storage (hidden from the UI dropdown; set via edit_large_file_storage_config), including the advanced_permissions shape. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com> * fix(apps): don't flatten inner query in app-scoped S3 preview routes axum's `Query` uses `serde_urlencoded`, which cannot deserialize the typed (numeric/bool) fields of a `#[serde(flatten)]`-ed struct and 400s on `limit` / `offset` ("invalid type: string, expected u32"). The app-scoped load_csv_preview / load_parquet_preview / load_table_count routes flattened LoadPreviewQuery / LoadCountQuery, so their previews were broken. Restate the fields directly on the outer query structs (with an into_inner() to rebuild the inner query) and extend the CE OSS stub to match. Also bumps ee-repo-ref.txt for the companion EE csv-separator panic fix. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com> * fix: address CI review — nested DisplayResult routing, byte-range contract, docs, tests - [P1] Thread `appPath` into the nested `DisplayResult`s (render_all children and the expanded-result drawer) so logged-in deployed viewers route nested/expanded S3 tables, images, PDFs, and downloads through `apps_u/*` too, not job_helpers. - [P2] Mark `read_bytes_from`/`read_bytes_length` required on the `apps_u/load_file_preview` route (they are non-optional in LoadFilePreviewQuery), and mirror the full query shape in the CE OSS stub so the byte-range contract is enforced identically on CE and EE. - [P2] Fix the backend retrigger command in backend/CLAUDE.md: cargo watch runs from `backend/`, so `touch README.md` (not `backend/README.md`). - [P2] Trim app_s3_onbehalf.rs comments per AGENTS.md (state the invariant once, no drafting-history narration). - Extend the integration test to cover the table-count, csv-preview (numeric limit/offset deserialization), and file-preview (byte-range required) routes. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com> * docs(apps): tighten S3 provenance-gate comments per AGENTS.md Consolidate the viewer-mode / author-mode rationale to ≤4 lines at each branch of the gate, and drop the repeated explanation from the shared app_s3_on_behalf_and_provenance doc comment (which now just states what the helper does). No behavior change. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com> * chore: update ee-repo-ref to f292a1040da6a667ce7c22abf63ec0debfdd480f This commit updates the EE repository reference after PR #657 was merged in windmill-ee-private. Previous ee-repo-ref: a582389084eb363997cb5e8053f29220e0d3eaec New ee-repo-ref: f292a1040da6a667ce7c22abf63ec0debfdd480f Automated by sync-ee-ref workflow. --------- Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com> Co-authored-by: windmill-internal-app[bot] <windmill-internal-app[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Open-source developer platform for internal code: APIs, background jobs, workflows and UIs. Self-hostable alternative to Retool, Pipedream, Superblocks and a simplified Temporal with autogenerated UIs and custom UIs to trigger workflows and scripts as internal apps.
Scripts are turned into sharable UIs automatically, and can be composed together into flows or used into richer apps built with low-code. Supported languages: Python, TypeScript, Go, Bash, SQL, GraphQL, PowerShell, Rust, and more.
Try it - Website - Docs - Discord - Hub - Contributor's guide
Windmill - Developer platform for APIs, background jobs, workflows and UIs
Windmill is fully open-sourced (AGPLv3) and Windmill Labs offers dedicated instances and commercial support and licenses.
https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/d80de1d9-64de-4d89-aacd-6df23fa81fc4
- Windmill - Developer platform for APIs, background jobs, workflows and UIs
Main Concepts
- Define a minimal and generic script in Python, TypeScript, Go or Bash that solves a specific task. The code can be defined in the provided Web IDE or synchronized with your own GitHub repo (e.g. through VS Code extension): provided Web IDE or synchronized with your own GitHub repo (e.g. through VS Code extension):
- Your scripts parameters are automatically parsed and generate a frontend.
- Make it flow! You can chain your scripts or scripts made by the community shared on WindmillHub.
- Build complex UIs on top of your scripts and flows.
Scripts and flows can be triggered by schedules, webhooks, HTTP routes, Kafka, WebSockets, emails, and more.
Build your entire infra on top of Windmill!
Show me some actual script code
//import any dependency from npm
import * as wmill from "windmill-client";
import * as cowsay from "cowsay@1.5.0";
// fill the type, or use the +Resource type to get a type-safe reference to a resource
type Postgresql = {
host: string;
port: number;
user: string;
dbname: string;
sslmode: string;
password: string;
};
export async function main(
a: number,
b: "my" | "enum",
c: Postgresql,
d = "inferred type string from default arg",
e = { nested: "object" }
//f: wmill.Base64
) {
const email = process.env["WM_EMAIL"];
// variables are permissioned and by path
let variable = await wmill.getVariable("f/company-folder/my_secret");
const lastTimeRun = await wmill.getState();
// logs are printed and always inspectable
console.log(cowsay.say({ text: "hello " + email + " " + lastTimeRun }));
await wmill.setState(Date.now());
// return is serialized as JSON
return { foo: d, variable };
}
Local Development
Windmill supports multiple ways to develop locally and sync with your instance:
| Tool | Description |
|---|---|
| CLI | Sync scripts from local files or GitHub, run scripts/flows from the command line |
| VS Code Extension | Edit and test scripts & flows directly from VS Code / Cursor with full IDE support |
| Git Sync | Two-way sync between Windmill and your Git repository |
| Claude Code | AI-assisted development with Claude for scripts, flows, and apps |
https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/c541c326-e9ae-4602-a09a-1989aaded1e9
You can run scripts locally by passing the right environment variables for the wmill client library to fetch resources and variables from your instance. See local development docs.
Stack
- Database: Postgres (compatible with Aurora, Cloud SQL, Neon, Azure PostgreSQL)
- Backend: Rust - stateless API servers and workers pulling jobs from a Postgres queue
- Frontend: Svelte 5
- Sandboxing: nsjail and PID namespace isolation
- Runtimes:
- TypeScript/JavaScript: Bun (default) and Deno
- Python: python3 with uv for dependency management
- Go, Bash, PowerShell, PHP, Rust, C#, Java, Ansible
Fastest Self-Hostable Workflow Engine
We have compared Windmill to other self-hostable workflow engines (Airflow, Prefect & Temporal) and Windmill is the most performant solution for both benchmarks: one flow composed of 40 lightweight tasks & one flow composed of 10 long-running tasks.
All methodology & results on our Benchmarks page.
Security
- Sandboxing: nsjail for filesystem/resource isolation, and PID namespace isolation (enabled by default) to prevent jobs from accessing worker process memory
- Secrets: One encryption key per workspace for credentials stored in Windmill's K/V store. We recommend encrypting the Postgres database as well.
See Security documentation for details.
Performance
Once a job started, there is no overhead compared to running the same script on the node with its corresponding runner (Deno/Go/Python/Bash). The added latency from a job being pulled from the queue, started, and then having its result sent back to the database is ~50ms. A typical lightweight deno job will take around 100ms total.
Architecture
How to self-host
For detailed setup options, see Self-Host documentation.
Docker compose
Deploy Windmill with 3 files (docker-compose.yml, Caddyfile, .env):
curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/windmill-labs/windmill/main/docker-compose.yml -o docker-compose.yml
curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/windmill-labs/windmill/main/Caddyfile -o Caddyfile
curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/windmill-labs/windmill/main/.env -o .env
docker compose up -d
Go to http://localhost - default credentials: admin@windmill.dev / changeme
Using an external database: Set DATABASE_URL in .env to point to your managed Postgres (AWS RDS, GCP Cloud SQL, Azure, Neon, etc.) and set db replicas to 0.
Kubernetes (Helm charts)
helm repo add windmill https://windmill-labs.github.io/windmill-helm-charts/
helm install windmill-chart windmill/windmill --namespace=windmill --create-namespace
See windmill-helm-charts for configuration options.
Cloud providers
Windmill works on AWS (EKS/ECS), GCP, Azure, Ubicloud, Fly.io, Render.com, Hetzner, Digital Ocean, and others. Rule of thumb: 1 worker per 1vCPU and 1-2 GB RAM.
OAuth, SSO & SMTP
Configure OAuth and SSO (Google Workspace, Microsoft/Azure, Okta) directly from the superadmin UI. See documentation.
License
The Community Edition is free to use internally. For commercial redistribution or managed services, contact sales@windmill.dev. See LICENSE and Pricing for details.
The "Community Edition" of Windmill available in the docker images hosted under ghcr.io/windmill-labs/windmill and the github binary releases contains the files under the AGPLv3 and Apache 2 sources but also includes proprietary and non-public code and features which are not open source and under the following terms: Windmill Labs, Inc. grants a right to use all the features of the "Community Edition" for free without restrictions other than the limits and quotas set in the software and a right to distribute the community edition as is but not to sell, resell, serve Windmill as a managed service, modify or wrap under any form without an explicit agreement.
The binary compilable from source code in this repository without the "enterprise" feature flag is open-source under the LICENSE-AGPLv3 License terms and conditions.
To re-expose directly any Windmill parts to your users as a feature of your product, with the exception of iframed public Windmill "apps", or to build a feature on top of "Windmill Community Edition" that you sell commercially or embed in a distributable product or binary, you must get a commercial license. Contact us at sales@windmill.dev if you have any questions. To do the same from the binary compiled from the source code in this repository without the "enterprise" feature flag, you must comply with the AGPLv3 license terms and conditions or get a commercial license from Windmill Labs, Inc.
To use Windmill "Community Edition" as is internally in your organization, or to use its APIs as is, you do NOT need a commercial license.
Integrations
In Windmill, integrations are referred to as resources and resource types. Each Resource has a Resource Type that defines the schema that the resource needs to implement.
On self-hosted instances, you might want to import all the approved resource types from WindmillHub. A setup script will prompt you to have it being synced automatically everyday.
Environment Variables
| Environment Variable name | Default | Description | Api Server/Worker/All |
|---|---|---|---|
| DATABASE_URL | The Postgres database url. | All | |
| WORKER_GROUP | default | The worker group the worker belongs to and get its configuration pulled from | Worker |
| MODE | standalone | The mode if the binary. Possible values: standalone, worker, server, agent | All |
| METRICS_ADDR | None | (ee only) The socket addr at which to expose Prometheus metrics at the /metrics path. Set to "true" to expose it on port 8001 | All |
| JSON_FMT | false | Output the logs in json format instead of logfmt | All |
| BASE_URL | http://localhost:8000 | The base url that is exposed publicly to access your instance. Is overriden by the instance settings if any. | Server |
| ZOMBIE_JOB_TIMEOUT | 30 | The timeout after which a job is considered to be zombie if the worker did not send pings about processing the job (every server check for zombie jobs every 30s) | Server |
| RESTART_ZOMBIE_JOBS | true | If true then a zombie job is restarted (in-place with the same uuid and some logs), if false the zombie job is failed | Server |
| NATIVE_MODE | false | Enable native mode: sets NUM_WORKERS=8, rejects non-native jobs (nativets, postgresql, mysql, etc.) | Worker |
| SLEEP_QUEUE | 50 | The number of ms to sleep in between the last check for new jobs in the DB. It is multiplied by NUM_WORKERS such that in average, for one worker instance, there is one pull every SLEEP_QUEUE ms. | Worker |
| KEEP_JOB_DIR | false | Keep the job directory after the job is done. Useful for debugging. | Worker |
| LICENSE_KEY (EE only) | None | License key checked at startup for the Enterprise Edition of Windmill | Worker |
| SLACK_SIGNING_SECRET | None | The signing secret of your Slack app. See Slack documentation | Server |
| COOKIE_DOMAIN | None | The domain of the cookie. If not set, the cookie will be set by the browser based on the full origin | Server |
| DENO_PATH | /usr/bin/deno | The path to the deno binary. | Worker |
| PYTHON_PATH | The path to the python binary if wanting to not have it managed by uv. | Worker | |
| GO_PATH | /usr/bin/go | The path to the go binary. | Worker |
| GOPRIVATE | The GOPRIVATE env variable to use private go modules | Worker | |
| GOPROXY | The GOPROXY env variable to use | Worker | |
| NETRC | The netrc content to use a private go registry | Worker | |
| PY_CONCURRENT_DOWNLOADS | 20 | Sets the maximum number of in-flight concurrent python downloads that windmill will perform at any given time. | Worker |
| PATH | None | The path environment variable, usually inherited | Worker |
| HOME | None | The home directory to use for Go and Bash , usually inherited | Worker |
| DATABASE_CONNECTIONS | 50 (Server)/3 (Worker) | The max number of connections in the database connection pool | All |
| SUPERADMIN_SECRET | None | A token that would let the caller act as a virtual superadmin superadmin@windmill.dev | Server |
| TIMEOUT_WAIT_RESULT | 20 | The number of seconds to wait before timeout on the 'run_wait_result' endpoint | Worker |
| QUEUE_LIMIT_WAIT_RESULT | None | The number of max jobs in the queue before rejecting immediately the request in 'run_wait_result' endpoint. Takes precedence on the query arg. If none is specified, there are no limit. | Worker |
| DENO_AUTH_TOKENS | None | Custom DENO_AUTH_TOKENS to pass to worker to allow the use of private modules | Worker |
| DISABLE_RESPONSE_LOGS | false | Disable response logs | Server |
| CREATE_WORKSPACE_REQUIRE_SUPERADMIN | true | If true, only superadmins can create new workspaces | Server |
| MIN_FREE_DISK_SPACE_MB | 15000 | Minimum amount of free space on worker. Sends critical alert if worker has less free space. | Worker |
| RUN_UPDATE_CA_CERTIFICATE_AT_START | false | If true, runs CA certificate update command at startup before other initialization | All |
| RUN_UPDATE_CA_CERTIFICATE_PATH | /usr/sbin/update-ca-certificates | Path to the CA certificate update command/script to run when RUN_UPDATE_CA_CERTIFICATE_AT_START is true | All |
Run a local dev setup
We recommend using Nix. See ./frontend/README_DEV.md for all options.
Frontend only
Uses the backend of https://app.windmill.dev with local frontend (hot-reload):
cd frontend
npm install
npm run generate-backend-client # or generate-backend-client-mac on Mac
npm run dev
Windmill available at http://localhost/
Backend + Frontend
See the ./frontend/README_DEV.md file for all running options.
- Start a local Postgres database using for instance the
start-dev-db.shscript which will make a database available atpostgres://postgres:changeme@localhost:5432/windmillThen run the migrations using the following command:This will also avoid compile time issue with sqlx'scargo install sqlx-cli env DATABASE_URL=<YOUR_DATABASE_URL> sqlx migrate runquery!macro. - (optional, linux only) Install nsjail and have it accessible in your PATH
- Install bun, deno and python3 (+ any languages you want to use), have the bins at
/usr/bin/bun,/usr/bin/deno, and/usr/local/bin/python3or set the corresponding environment variables. - (optional) Install the lld linker
- Go to
frontend/:npm install,npm run generate-backend-clientthenREMOTE=http://localhost:8000 npm run dev- You might need to set some extra heap space for the node runtime
export NODE_OPTIONS="--max-old-space-size=4096" - Create an empty
frontend/buildfolder usingmkdir frontend/build
- Go to
backend/:env DATABASE_URL=<YOUR_DATABASE_URL> RUST_LOG=info cargo run- You can specify any feature flag you want to enable, for example
cargo run --features pythonto enable the python executor.
- Windmill should be available at
http://localhost:3000
Contributors
Copyright
© 2023-2026 Windmill Labs, Inc.






