Ruben Fiszel 1e192f2d86 feat(apps): authorize deployed-app S3 reads on-behalf of the author for logged-in viewers (#10048)
* feat(apps): authorize deployed-app S3 reads on-behalf of the author for logged-in viewers

A logged-in user viewing a deployed app now reads S3 files (rich result,
table/image/PDF preview, CSV export, download, metadata) the same way an
anonymous viewer already does: on-behalf of the app author per the app policy's
execution_mode, gated by an app-provenance check — instead of against the
viewer's own S3 permissions. This aligns S3 with every other thing an app does
(scripts, flows, resources all already run on-behalf of the author) and lets an
operator who lacks folder S3 permission still see data rendered inside the app.

The raw job_helpers/* S3 API stays viewer-scoped: a viewer who lacks folder
permission is still denied there. Only which endpoint the app frontend uses for
logged-in deployed viewers changes.

Backend:
- Add app-scoped, provenance-gated apps_u/* variants for all S3 display ops
  (download_s3_file already existed; add download_s3_parquet_file_as_csv,
  load_file_metadata, load_file_preview, load_parquet_preview, load_csv_preview,
  load_table_count). Each routes through one shared helper
  (app_s3_on_behalf_and_provenance) that scope-confines an app embed token,
  resolves the on-behalf identity, and runs the provenance gate ONCE before
  dispatching to the EE *_internal S3 helpers.
- Close the confused-deputy hole in check_if_allowed_to_access_s3_file_from_app:
  the unconditional Ok() bypass for a logged-in, non-embed session now only
  applies in viewer execution mode (where the on-behalf identity IS the viewer,
  so the viewer's own permissions still bound the read downstream). Author-mode
  reads (anonymous/publisher) always enforce provenance, for anonymous and
  logged-in viewers alike, so a viewer cannot launder the author's S3
  permissions with an arbitrary file_key.

Frontend:
- Route the deployed-app view through apps_u/* using the app-viewer isEditor
  signal instead of login state (the old $userStore proxy wrongly sent
  logged-in deployed viewers to the viewer-scoped job_helpers API). Editor and
  preview keep viewer identity via job_helpers.

execution_mode: viewer remains the escape hatch for per-viewer S3 enforcement.

Fixes provenance-gated S3 display for logged-in operators on deployed apps.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

* docs(backend): document cargo features, restarting the dev backend, and filesystem object storage

The dev backend runs `cargo watch --features quickjs` by default, which omits S3,
EE, MCP, and non-JS runtimes — feature-gated routes then 404 or return a
"requires <feature>" stub at runtime. Add a backend/CLAUDE.md section that:

- explains that you must restart the backend with the appropriate features to
  exercise gated functionality, with the pid/cwd-scoped restart recipe (never
  pkill target/debug/windmill) and the PORT=$BACKEND_PORT gotcha;
- documents what each commonly-toggled feature gate does (private, enterprise,
  license, parquet, duckdb, language runtimes, mcp, trigger kinds, no_auth) plus
  common combinations;
- documents using the built-in FilesystemStorage large-file storage for dev
  workspace object storage (hidden from the UI dropdown; set via
  edit_large_file_storage_config), including the advanced_permissions shape.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

* fix(apps): don't flatten inner query in app-scoped S3 preview routes

axum's `Query` uses `serde_urlencoded`, which cannot deserialize the typed
(numeric/bool) fields of a `#[serde(flatten)]`-ed struct and 400s on `limit` /
`offset` ("invalid type: string, expected u32"). The app-scoped
load_csv_preview / load_parquet_preview / load_table_count routes flattened
LoadPreviewQuery / LoadCountQuery, so their previews were broken. Restate the
fields directly on the outer query structs (with an into_inner() to rebuild the
inner query) and extend the CE OSS stub to match.

Also bumps ee-repo-ref.txt for the companion EE csv-separator panic fix.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

* fix: address CI review — nested DisplayResult routing, byte-range contract, docs, tests

- [P1] Thread `appPath` into the nested `DisplayResult`s (render_all children and
  the expanded-result drawer) so logged-in deployed viewers route nested/expanded
  S3 tables, images, PDFs, and downloads through `apps_u/*` too, not job_helpers.
- [P2] Mark `read_bytes_from`/`read_bytes_length` required on the
  `apps_u/load_file_preview` route (they are non-optional in LoadFilePreviewQuery),
  and mirror the full query shape in the CE OSS stub so the byte-range contract is
  enforced identically on CE and EE.
- [P2] Fix the backend retrigger command in backend/CLAUDE.md: cargo watch runs
  from `backend/`, so `touch README.md` (not `backend/README.md`).
- [P2] Trim app_s3_onbehalf.rs comments per AGENTS.md (state the invariant once,
  no drafting-history narration).
- Extend the integration test to cover the table-count, csv-preview (numeric
  limit/offset deserialization), and file-preview (byte-range required) routes.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

* docs(apps): tighten S3 provenance-gate comments per AGENTS.md

Consolidate the viewer-mode / author-mode rationale to ≤4 lines at each branch
of the gate, and drop the repeated explanation from the shared
app_s3_on_behalf_and_provenance doc comment (which now just states what the
helper does). No behavior change.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

* chore: update ee-repo-ref to f292a1040da6a667ce7c22abf63ec0debfdd480f

This commit updates the EE repository reference after PR #657 was merged in windmill-ee-private.

Previous ee-repo-ref: a582389084eb363997cb5e8053f29220e0d3eaec

New ee-repo-ref: f292a1040da6a667ce7c22abf63ec0debfdd480f

Automated by sync-ee-ref workflow.

---------

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Co-authored-by: windmill-internal-app[bot] <windmill-internal-app[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
2026-07-11 10:14:40 +02:00
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windmill.dev

Open-source developer platform for internal code: APIs, background jobs, workflows and UIs. Self-hostable alternative to Retool, Pipedream, Superblocks and a simplified Temporal with autogenerated UIs and custom UIs to trigger workflows and scripts as internal apps.

Scripts are turned into sharable UIs automatically, and can be composed together into flows or used into richer apps built with low-code. Supported languages: Python, TypeScript, Go, Bash, SQL, GraphQL, PowerShell, Rust, and more.

Package version Docker Image CI Package version

Commit activity Discord Shield

Try it - Website - Docs - Discord - Hub - Contributor's guide

Windmill - Developer platform for APIs, background jobs, workflows and UIs

Windmill is fully open-sourced (AGPLv3) and Windmill Labs offers dedicated instances and commercial support and licenses.

Windmill Diagram

https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/d80de1d9-64de-4d89-aacd-6df23fa81fc4

Main Concepts

  1. Define a minimal and generic script in Python, TypeScript, Go or Bash that solves a specific task. The code can be defined in the provided Web IDE or synchronized with your own GitHub repo (e.g. through VS Code extension): provided Web IDE or synchronized with your own GitHub repo (e.g. through VS Code extension):

Step 1

  1. Your scripts parameters are automatically parsed and generate a frontend.

Step 2

Step 3

  1. Make it flow! You can chain your scripts or scripts made by the community shared on WindmillHub.

Step 3

  1. Build complex UIs on top of your scripts and flows.

Step 4

Scripts and flows can be triggered by schedules, webhooks, HTTP routes, Kafka, WebSockets, emails, and more.

Build your entire infra on top of Windmill!

Show me some actual script code

//import any dependency  from npm
import * as wmill from "windmill-client";
import * as cowsay from "cowsay@1.5.0";

// fill the type, or use the +Resource type to get a type-safe reference to a resource
type Postgresql = {
  host: string;
  port: number;
  user: string;
  dbname: string;
  sslmode: string;
  password: string;
};

export async function main(
  a: number,
  b: "my" | "enum",
  c: Postgresql,
  d = "inferred type string from default arg",
  e = { nested: "object" }
  //f: wmill.Base64
) {
  const email = process.env["WM_EMAIL"];
  // variables are permissioned and by path
  let variable = await wmill.getVariable("f/company-folder/my_secret");
  const lastTimeRun = await wmill.getState();
  // logs are printed and always inspectable
  console.log(cowsay.say({ text: "hello " + email + " " + lastTimeRun }));
  await wmill.setState(Date.now());

  // return is serialized as JSON
  return { foo: d, variable };
}

Local Development

Windmill supports multiple ways to develop locally and sync with your instance:

Tool Description
CLI Sync scripts from local files or GitHub, run scripts/flows from the command line
VS Code Extension Edit and test scripts & flows directly from VS Code / Cursor with full IDE support
Git Sync Two-way sync between Windmill and your Git repository
Claude Code AI-assisted development with Claude for scripts, flows, and apps

https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/c541c326-e9ae-4602-a09a-1989aaded1e9

You can run scripts locally by passing the right environment variables for the wmill client library to fetch resources and variables from your instance. See local development docs.

Stack

  • Database: Postgres (compatible with Aurora, Cloud SQL, Neon, Azure PostgreSQL)
  • Backend: Rust - stateless API servers and workers pulling jobs from a Postgres queue
  • Frontend: Svelte 5
  • Sandboxing: nsjail and PID namespace isolation
  • Runtimes:
    • TypeScript/JavaScript: Bun (default) and Deno
    • Python: python3 with uv for dependency management
    • Go, Bash, PowerShell, PHP, Rust, C#, Java, Ansible

Fastest Self-Hostable Workflow Engine

We have compared Windmill to other self-hostable workflow engines (Airflow, Prefect & Temporal) and Windmill is the most performant solution for both benchmarks: one flow composed of 40 lightweight tasks & one flow composed of 10 long-running tasks.

All methodology & results on our Benchmarks page.

Fastest workflow engine

Security

  • Sandboxing: nsjail for filesystem/resource isolation, and PID namespace isolation (enabled by default) to prevent jobs from accessing worker process memory
  • Secrets: One encryption key per workspace for credentials stored in Windmill's K/V store. We recommend encrypting the Postgres database as well.

See Security documentation for details.

Performance

Once a job started, there is no overhead compared to running the same script on the node with its corresponding runner (Deno/Go/Python/Bash). The added latency from a job being pulled from the queue, started, and then having its result sent back to the database is ~50ms. A typical lightweight deno job will take around 100ms total.

Architecture

How to self-host

For detailed setup options, see Self-Host documentation.

Docker compose

Deploy Windmill with 3 files (docker-compose.yml, Caddyfile, .env):

curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/windmill-labs/windmill/main/docker-compose.yml -o docker-compose.yml
curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/windmill-labs/windmill/main/Caddyfile -o Caddyfile
curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/windmill-labs/windmill/main/.env -o .env

docker compose up -d

Go to http://localhost - default credentials: admin@windmill.dev / changeme

Using an external database: Set DATABASE_URL in .env to point to your managed Postgres (AWS RDS, GCP Cloud SQL, Azure, Neon, etc.) and set db replicas to 0.

Kubernetes (Helm charts)

helm repo add windmill https://windmill-labs.github.io/windmill-helm-charts/
helm install windmill-chart windmill/windmill --namespace=windmill --create-namespace

See windmill-helm-charts for configuration options.

Cloud providers

Windmill works on AWS (EKS/ECS), GCP, Azure, Ubicloud, Fly.io, Render.com, Hetzner, Digital Ocean, and others. Rule of thumb: 1 worker per 1vCPU and 1-2 GB RAM.

OAuth, SSO & SMTP

Configure OAuth and SSO (Google Workspace, Microsoft/Azure, Okta) directly from the superadmin UI. See documentation.

License

The Community Edition is free to use internally. For commercial redistribution or managed services, contact sales@windmill.dev. See LICENSE and Pricing for details.

The "Community Edition" of Windmill available in the docker images hosted under ghcr.io/windmill-labs/windmill and the github binary releases contains the files under the AGPLv3 and Apache 2 sources but also includes proprietary and non-public code and features which are not open source and under the following terms: Windmill Labs, Inc. grants a right to use all the features of the "Community Edition" for free without restrictions other than the limits and quotas set in the software and a right to distribute the community edition as is but not to sell, resell, serve Windmill as a managed service, modify or wrap under any form without an explicit agreement.

The binary compilable from source code in this repository without the "enterprise" feature flag is open-source under the LICENSE-AGPLv3 License terms and conditions.

To re-expose directly any Windmill parts to your users as a feature of your product, with the exception of iframed public Windmill "apps", or to build a feature on top of "Windmill Community Edition" that you sell commercially or embed in a distributable product or binary, you must get a commercial license. Contact us at sales@windmill.dev if you have any questions. To do the same from the binary compiled from the source code in this repository without the "enterprise" feature flag, you must comply with the AGPLv3 license terms and conditions or get a commercial license from Windmill Labs, Inc.

To use Windmill "Community Edition" as is internally in your organization, or to use its APIs as is, you do NOT need a commercial license.

Integrations

In Windmill, integrations are referred to as resources and resource types. Each Resource has a Resource Type that defines the schema that the resource needs to implement.

On self-hosted instances, you might want to import all the approved resource types from WindmillHub. A setup script will prompt you to have it being synced automatically everyday.

Environment Variables

Environment Variable name Default Description Api Server/Worker/All
DATABASE_URL The Postgres database url. All
WORKER_GROUP default The worker group the worker belongs to and get its configuration pulled from Worker
MODE standalone The mode if the binary. Possible values: standalone, worker, server, agent All
METRICS_ADDR None (ee only) The socket addr at which to expose Prometheus metrics at the /metrics path. Set to "true" to expose it on port 8001 All
JSON_FMT false Output the logs in json format instead of logfmt All
BASE_URL http://localhost:8000 The base url that is exposed publicly to access your instance. Is overriden by the instance settings if any. Server
ZOMBIE_JOB_TIMEOUT 30 The timeout after which a job is considered to be zombie if the worker did not send pings about processing the job (every server check for zombie jobs every 30s) Server
RESTART_ZOMBIE_JOBS true If true then a zombie job is restarted (in-place with the same uuid and some logs), if false the zombie job is failed Server
NATIVE_MODE false Enable native mode: sets NUM_WORKERS=8, rejects non-native jobs (nativets, postgresql, mysql, etc.) Worker
SLEEP_QUEUE 50 The number of ms to sleep in between the last check for new jobs in the DB. It is multiplied by NUM_WORKERS such that in average, for one worker instance, there is one pull every SLEEP_QUEUE ms. Worker
KEEP_JOB_DIR false Keep the job directory after the job is done. Useful for debugging. Worker
LICENSE_KEY (EE only) None License key checked at startup for the Enterprise Edition of Windmill Worker
SLACK_SIGNING_SECRET None The signing secret of your Slack app. See Slack documentation Server
COOKIE_DOMAIN None The domain of the cookie. If not set, the cookie will be set by the browser based on the full origin Server
DENO_PATH /usr/bin/deno The path to the deno binary. Worker
PYTHON_PATH The path to the python binary if wanting to not have it managed by uv. Worker
GO_PATH /usr/bin/go The path to the go binary. Worker
GOPRIVATE The GOPRIVATE env variable to use private go modules Worker
GOPROXY The GOPROXY env variable to use Worker
NETRC The netrc content to use a private go registry Worker
PY_CONCURRENT_DOWNLOADS 20 Sets the maximum number of in-flight concurrent python downloads that windmill will perform at any given time. Worker
PATH None The path environment variable, usually inherited Worker
HOME None The home directory to use for Go and Bash , usually inherited Worker
DATABASE_CONNECTIONS 50 (Server)/3 (Worker) The max number of connections in the database connection pool All
SUPERADMIN_SECRET None A token that would let the caller act as a virtual superadmin superadmin@windmill.dev Server
TIMEOUT_WAIT_RESULT 20 The number of seconds to wait before timeout on the 'run_wait_result' endpoint Worker
QUEUE_LIMIT_WAIT_RESULT None The number of max jobs in the queue before rejecting immediately the request in 'run_wait_result' endpoint. Takes precedence on the query arg. If none is specified, there are no limit. Worker
DENO_AUTH_TOKENS None Custom DENO_AUTH_TOKENS to pass to worker to allow the use of private modules Worker
DISABLE_RESPONSE_LOGS false Disable response logs Server
CREATE_WORKSPACE_REQUIRE_SUPERADMIN true If true, only superadmins can create new workspaces Server
MIN_FREE_DISK_SPACE_MB 15000 Minimum amount of free space on worker. Sends critical alert if worker has less free space. Worker
RUN_UPDATE_CA_CERTIFICATE_AT_START false If true, runs CA certificate update command at startup before other initialization All
RUN_UPDATE_CA_CERTIFICATE_PATH /usr/sbin/update-ca-certificates Path to the CA certificate update command/script to run when RUN_UPDATE_CA_CERTIFICATE_AT_START is true All

Run a local dev setup

We recommend using Nix. See ./frontend/README_DEV.md for all options.

Frontend only

Uses the backend of https://app.windmill.dev with local frontend (hot-reload):

cd frontend
npm install
npm run generate-backend-client  # or generate-backend-client-mac on Mac
npm run dev

Windmill available at http://localhost/

Backend + Frontend

See the ./frontend/README_DEV.md file for all running options.

  1. Start a local Postgres database using for instance the start-dev-db.sh script which will make a database available at postgres://postgres:changeme@localhost:5432/windmill Then run the migrations using the following command:
    cargo install sqlx-cli
    env DATABASE_URL=<YOUR_DATABASE_URL> sqlx migrate run
    
    This will also avoid compile time issue with sqlx's query! macro.
  2. (optional, linux only) Install nsjail and have it accessible in your PATH
  3. Install bun, deno and python3 (+ any languages you want to use), have the bins at /usr/bin/bun,/usr/bin/deno, and /usr/local/bin/python3 or set the corresponding environment variables.
  4. (optional) Install the lld linker
  5. Go to frontend/:
    1. npm install, npm run generate-backend-client then REMOTE=http://localhost:8000 npm run dev
    2. You might need to set some extra heap space for the node runtime export NODE_OPTIONS="--max-old-space-size=4096"
    3. Create an empty frontend/build folder using mkdir frontend/build
  6. Go to backend/:
    1. env DATABASE_URL=<YOUR_DATABASE_URL> RUST_LOG=info cargo run
    2. You can specify any feature flag you want to enable, for example cargo run --features python to enable the python executor.
  7. Windmill should be available at http://localhost:3000

Contributors

© 2023-2026 Windmill Labs, Inc.

S
Description
Open-source developer platform to power your entire infra and turn scripts into webhooks, workflows and UIs. Fastest workflow engine (13x vs Airflow). Open-source alternative to Retool and Temporal.
Readme 826 MiB
Languages
Rust 33.4%
Svelte 24.3%
TypeScript 24.2%
HTML 14%
JavaScript 1.6%
Other 2.3%