chore: bump version to 0.16 (#6417 )

Signed-off-by: evenyag <realevenyag@gmail.com>
fix: add cfg for DecodeSqlValue error (#6420 )
2025-12-22 22:20:02 +00:00 · 2025-06-28 01:46:01 +00:00 · 2025-06-28 01:39:06 +00:00 · 2025-06-28 01:25:20 +00:00 · 2025-06-28 01:01:08 +00:00 · 2025-06-27 10:43:37 +00:00
184 changed files with 6882 additions and 2363 deletions
--- a/.github/workflows/semantic-pull-request.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/semantic-pull-request.yml
@@ -11,17 +11,17 @@ concurrency:
  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.head_ref || github.run_id }}
  cancel-in-progress: true

+permissions:
+  issues: write
+  contents: write
+  pull-requests: write
+
 jobs:
  check:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    permissions:
-      pull-requests: write  # Add permissions to modify PRs
-      issues: write
    timeout-minutes: 10
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
      - uses: ./.github/actions/setup-cyborg
      - name: Check Pull Request
        working-directory: cyborg
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ checksum = "d301b3b94cb4b2f23d7917810addbbaff90738e0ca2be692bd027e70d7e0330c"

 [[package]]
 name = "api"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "common-base",
 "common-decimal",
@@ -944,7 +944,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "auth"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "api",
 "async-trait",
@@ -1586,7 +1586,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "cache"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "catalog",
 "common-error",
@@ -1610,7 +1610,7 @@ checksum = "37b2a672a2cb129a2e41c10b1224bb368f9f37a2b16b612598138befd7b37eb5"

 [[package]]
 name = "catalog"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "api",
 "arrow 54.2.1",
@@ -1948,7 +1948,7 @@ checksum = "1462739cb27611015575c0c11df5df7601141071f07518d56fcc1be504cbec97"

 [[package]]
 name = "cli"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "async-stream",
 "async-trait",
@@ -1986,14 +1986,14 @@ dependencies = [
 "operator",
 "query",
 "rand 0.9.0",
- "reqwest",
+ "reqwest 0.12.9",
 "serde",
 "serde_json",
 "servers",
 "session",
 "snafu 0.8.5",
 "store-api",
- "substrait 0.15.0",
+ "substrait 0.16.0",
 "table",
 "tempfile",
 "tokio",
@@ -2002,7 +2002,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "client"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "api",
 "arc-swap",
@@ -2032,7 +2032,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "rand 0.9.0",
 "serde_json",
 "snafu 0.8.5",
- "substrait 0.15.0",
+ "substrait 0.16.0",
 "substrait 0.37.3",
 "tokio",
 "tokio-stream",
@@ -2073,7 +2073,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "cmd"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "async-trait",
 "auth",
@@ -2118,13 +2118,14 @@ dependencies = [
 "mito2",
 "moka",
 "nu-ansi-term",
+ "object-store",
 "plugins",
 "prometheus",
 "prost 0.13.5",
 "query",
 "rand 0.9.0",
 "regex",
- "reqwest",
+ "reqwest 0.12.9",
 "rexpect",
 "serde",
 "serde_json",
@@ -2134,7 +2135,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "snafu 0.8.5",
 "stat",
 "store-api",
- "substrait 0.15.0",
+ "substrait 0.16.0",
 "table",
 "temp-env",
 "tempfile",
@@ -2181,7 +2182,7 @@ checksum = "55b672471b4e9f9e95499ea597ff64941a309b2cdbffcc46f2cc5e2d971fd335"

 [[package]]
 name = "common-base"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "anymap2",
 "async-trait",
@@ -2203,11 +2204,11 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "common-catalog"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"

 [[package]]
 name = "common-config"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "common-base",
 "common-error",
@@ -2220,6 +2221,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "humantime-serde",
 "meta-client",
 "num_cpus",
+ "object-store",
 "serde",
 "serde_json",
 "serde_with",
@@ -2232,7 +2234,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "common-datasource"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "arrow 54.2.1",
 "arrow-schema 54.3.1",
@@ -2269,7 +2271,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "common-decimal"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "bigdecimal 0.4.8",
 "common-error",
@@ -2282,7 +2284,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "common-error"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "common-macro",
 "http 1.1.0",
@@ -2293,7 +2295,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "common-frontend"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "async-trait",
 "common-error",
@@ -2309,7 +2311,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "common-function"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "ahash 0.8.11",
 "api",
@@ -2332,6 +2334,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "datafusion",
 "datafusion-common",
 "datafusion-expr",
+ "datafusion-functions-aggregate-common",
 "datatypes",
 "derive_more",
 "geo",
@@ -2362,7 +2365,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "common-greptimedb-telemetry"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "async-trait",
 "common-runtime",
@@ -2370,7 +2373,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "common-test-util",
 "common-version",
 "hyper 0.14.30",
- "reqwest",
+ "reqwest 0.12.9",
 "serde",
 "tempfile",
 "tokio",
@@ -2379,7 +2382,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "common-grpc"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "api",
 "arrow-flight",
@@ -2411,7 +2414,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "common-grpc-expr"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "api",
 "common-base",
@@ -2430,7 +2433,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "common-macro"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "arc-swap",
 "common-query",
@@ -2444,7 +2447,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "common-mem-prof"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "anyhow",
 "common-error",
@@ -2460,7 +2463,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "common-meta"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "anymap2",
 "api",
@@ -2525,7 +2528,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "common-options"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "common-grpc",
 "humantime-serde",
@@ -2534,11 +2537,11 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "common-plugins"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"

 [[package]]
 name = "common-pprof"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "common-error",
 "common-macro",
@@ -2550,7 +2553,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "common-procedure"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "async-stream",
 "async-trait",
@@ -2577,7 +2580,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "common-procedure-test"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "async-trait",
 "common-procedure",
@@ -2586,7 +2589,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "common-query"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "api",
 "async-trait",
@@ -2612,7 +2615,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "common-recordbatch"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "arc-swap",
 "common-error",
@@ -2632,7 +2635,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "common-runtime"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "async-trait",
 "clap 4.5.19",
@@ -2662,14 +2665,14 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "common-session"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "strum 0.27.1",
 ]

 [[package]]
 name = "common-telemetry"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "backtrace",
 "common-error",
@@ -2696,7 +2699,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "common-test-util"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "client",
 "common-grpc",
@@ -2709,7 +2712,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "common-time"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "arrow 54.2.1",
 "chrono",
@@ -2727,7 +2730,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "common-version"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "build-data",
 "const_format",
@@ -2737,7 +2740,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "common-wal"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "common-base",
 "common-error",
@@ -2760,7 +2763,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "common-workload"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "api",
 "common-telemetry",
@@ -3716,7 +3719,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "datanode"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "api",
 "arrow-flight",
@@ -3762,14 +3765,14 @@ dependencies = [
 "prometheus",
 "prost 0.13.5",
 "query",
- "reqwest",
+ "reqwest 0.12.9",
 "serde",
 "serde_json",
 "servers",
 "session",
 "snafu 0.8.5",
 "store-api",
- "substrait 0.15.0",
+ "substrait 0.16.0",
 "table",
 "tokio",
 "toml 0.8.19",
@@ -3778,7 +3781,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "datatypes"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "arrow 54.2.1",
 "arrow-array 54.2.1",
@@ -4438,7 +4441,7 @@ checksum = "e8c02a5121d4ea3eb16a80748c74f5549a5665e4c21333c6098f283870fbdea6"

 [[package]]
 name = "file-engine"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "api",
 "async-trait",
@@ -4575,7 +4578,7 @@ checksum = "8bf7cc16383c4b8d58b9905a8509f02926ce3058053c056376248d958c9df1e8"

 [[package]]
 name = "flow"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "api",
 "arrow 54.2.1",
@@ -4640,7 +4643,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "sql",
 "store-api",
 "strum 0.27.1",
- "substrait 0.15.0",
+ "substrait 0.16.0",
 "table",
 "tokio",
 "tonic 0.12.3",
@@ -4695,7 +4698,7 @@ checksum = "6c2141d6d6c8512188a7891b4b01590a45f6dac67afb4f255c4124dbb86d4eaa"

 [[package]]
 name = "frontend"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "api",
 "arc-swap",
@@ -4754,7 +4757,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "sqlparser 0.54.0 (git+https://github.com/GreptimeTeam/sqlparser-rs.git?rev=0cf6c04490d59435ee965edd2078e8855bd8471e)",
 "store-api",
 "strfmt",
- "substrait 0.15.0",
+ "substrait 0.16.0",
 "table",
 "tokio",
 "tokio-util",
@@ -5144,7 +5147,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "greptime-proto"
 version = "0.1.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/GreptimeTeam/greptime-proto.git?rev=82fe5c6282f623c185b86f03e898ee8952e50cf9#82fe5c6282f623c185b86f03e898ee8952e50cf9"
+source = "git+https://github.com/GreptimeTeam/greptime-proto.git?rev=464226cf8a4a22696503536a123d0b9e318582f4#464226cf8a4a22696503536a123d0b9e318582f4"
 dependencies = [
 "prost 0.13.5",
 "serde",
@@ -5915,7 +5918,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "index"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "async-trait",
 "asynchronous-codec",
@@ -6800,7 +6803,7 @@ checksum = "a7a70ba024b9dc04c27ea2f0c0548feb474ec5c54bba33a7f72f873a39d07b24"

 [[package]]
 name = "log-query"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "chrono",
 "common-error",
@@ -6812,7 +6815,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "log-store"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "async-stream",
 "async-trait",
@@ -7110,7 +7113,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "meta-client"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "api",
 "async-trait",
@@ -7138,7 +7141,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "meta-srv"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "api",
 "async-trait",
@@ -7229,7 +7232,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "metric-engine"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "api",
 "aquamarine",
@@ -7319,7 +7322,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "mito-codec"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "api",
 "bytes",
@@ -7342,7 +7345,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "mito2"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "api",
 "aquamarine",
@@ -8092,18 +8095,25 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "object-store"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "anyhow",
 "bytes",
+ "common-base",
+ "common-error",
+ "common-macro",
 "common-telemetry",
 "common-test-util",
 "futures",
+ "humantime-serde",
 "lazy_static",
 "md5",
 "moka",
 "opendal",
 "prometheus",
+ "reqwest 0.12.9",
+ "serde",
+ "snafu 0.8.5",
 "tokio",
 "uuid",
 ]
@@ -8238,7 +8248,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "prometheus",
 "quick-xml 0.36.2",
 "reqsign",
- "reqwest",
+ "reqwest 0.12.9",
 "serde",
 "serde_json",
 "sha2",
@@ -8310,6 +8320,19 @@ dependencies = [
 "tracing",
 ]

+[[package]]
+name = "opentelemetry-http"
+version = "0.10.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "7f51189ce8be654f9b5f7e70e49967ed894e84a06fc35c6c042e64ac1fc5399e"
+dependencies = [
+ "async-trait",
+ "bytes",
+ "http 0.2.12",
+ "opentelemetry 0.21.0",
+ "reqwest 0.11.27",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "opentelemetry-otlp"
 version = "0.14.0"
@@ -8320,10 +8343,12 @@ dependencies = [
 "futures-core",
 "http 0.2.12",
 "opentelemetry 0.21.0",
+ "opentelemetry-http",
 "opentelemetry-proto 0.4.0",
 "opentelemetry-semantic-conventions",
 "opentelemetry_sdk 0.21.2",
 "prost 0.11.9",
+ "reqwest 0.11.27",
 "thiserror 1.0.64",
 "tokio",
 "tonic 0.9.2",
@@ -8406,7 +8431,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "operator"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "ahash 0.8.11",
 "api",
@@ -8461,7 +8486,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "sql",
 "sqlparser 0.54.0 (git+https://github.com/GreptimeTeam/sqlparser-rs.git?rev=0cf6c04490d59435ee965edd2078e8855bd8471e)",
 "store-api",
- "substrait 0.15.0",
+ "substrait 0.16.0",
 "table",
 "tokio",
 "tokio-util",
@@ -8728,7 +8753,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "partition"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "api",
 "async-trait",
@@ -9016,7 +9041,7 @@ checksum = "8b870d8c151b6f2fb93e84a13146138f05d02ed11c7e7c54f8826aaaf7c9f184"

 [[package]]
 name = "pipeline"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "ahash 0.8.11",
 "api",
@@ -9159,7 +9184,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "plugins"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "auth",
 "clap 4.5.19",
@@ -9472,7 +9497,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "promql"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "ahash 0.8.11",
 "async-trait",
@@ -9754,7 +9779,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "puffin"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "async-compression 0.4.13",
 "async-trait",
@@ -9796,7 +9821,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "query"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "ahash 0.8.11",
 "api",
@@ -9862,7 +9887,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "sqlparser 0.54.0 (git+https://github.com/GreptimeTeam/sqlparser-rs.git?rev=0cf6c04490d59435ee965edd2078e8855bd8471e)",
 "statrs",
 "store-api",
- "substrait 0.15.0",
+ "substrait 0.16.0",
 "table",
 "tokio",
 "tokio-stream",
@@ -10310,7 +10335,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "percent-encoding",
 "quick-xml 0.35.0",
 "rand 0.8.5",
- "reqwest",
+ "reqwest 0.12.9",
 "rsa",
 "rust-ini 0.21.1",
 "serde",
@@ -10319,6 +10344,42 @@ dependencies = [
 "sha2",
 ]

+[[package]]
+name = "reqwest"
+version = "0.11.27"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "dd67538700a17451e7cba03ac727fb961abb7607553461627b97de0b89cf4a62"
+dependencies = [
+ "base64 0.21.7",
+ "bytes",
+ "encoding_rs",
+ "futures-core",
+ "futures-util",
+ "h2 0.3.26",
+ "http 0.2.12",
+ "http-body 0.4.6",
+ "hyper 0.14.30",
+ "ipnet",
+ "js-sys",
+ "log",
+ "mime",
+ "once_cell",
+ "percent-encoding",
+ "pin-project-lite",
+ "serde",
+ "serde_json",
+ "serde_urlencoded",
+ "sync_wrapper 0.1.2",
+ "system-configuration",
+ "tokio",
+ "tower-service",
+ "url",
+ "wasm-bindgen",
+ "wasm-bindgen-futures",
+ "web-sys",
+ "winreg",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "reqwest"
 version = "0.12.9"
@@ -11148,7 +11209,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "servers"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "ahash 0.8.11",
 "api",
@@ -11234,7 +11295,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "quoted-string",
 "rand 0.9.0",
 "regex",
- "reqwest",
+ "reqwest 0.12.9",
 "rust-embed",
 "rustls",
 "rustls-pemfile",
@@ -11269,7 +11330,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "session"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "api",
 "arc-swap",
@@ -11608,7 +11669,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "sql"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "api",
 "chrono",
@@ -11663,7 +11724,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "sqlness-runner"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "async-trait",
 "clap 4.5.19",
@@ -11678,7 +11739,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "local-ip-address",
 "mysql",
 "num_cpus",
- "reqwest",
+ "reqwest 0.12.9",
 "serde",
 "serde_json",
 "sha2",
@@ -11963,7 +12024,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "stat"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "nix 0.30.1",
 ]
@@ -11989,7 +12050,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "store-api"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "api",
 "aquamarine",
@@ -12150,7 +12211,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "substrait"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "async-trait",
 "bytes",
@@ -12328,9 +12389,30 @@ dependencies = [
 "nom",
 ]

+[[package]]
+name = "system-configuration"
+version = "0.5.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ba3a3adc5c275d719af8cb4272ea1c4a6d668a777f37e115f6d11ddbc1c8e0e7"
+dependencies = [
+ "bitflags 1.3.2",
+ "core-foundation",
+ "system-configuration-sys",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "system-configuration-sys"
+version = "0.5.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "a75fb188eb626b924683e3b95e3a48e63551fcfb51949de2f06a9d91dbee93c9"
+dependencies = [
+ "core-foundation-sys",
+ "libc",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "table"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "api",
 "async-trait",
@@ -12591,7 +12673,7 @@ checksum = "3369f5ac52d5eb6ab48c6b4ffdc8efbcad6b89c765749064ba298f2c68a16a76"

 [[package]]
 name = "tests-fuzz"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "arbitrary",
 "async-trait",
@@ -12618,7 +12700,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "paste",
 "rand 0.9.0",
 "rand_chacha 0.9.0",
- "reqwest",
+ "reqwest 0.12.9",
 "schemars",
 "serde",
 "serde_json",
@@ -12635,7 +12717,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "tests-integration"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 dependencies = [
 "api",
 "arrow-flight",
@@ -12702,7 +12784,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "sql",
 "sqlx",
 "store-api",
- "substrait 0.15.0",
+ "substrait 0.16.0",
 "table",
 "tempfile",
 "time",
@@ -14501,6 +14583,16 @@ dependencies = [
 "memchr",
 ]

+[[package]]
+name = "winreg"
+version = "0.50.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "524e57b2c537c0f9b1e69f1965311ec12182b4122e45035b1508cd24d2adadb1"
+dependencies = [
+ "cfg-if",
+ "windows-sys 0.48.0",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "wit-bindgen-rt"
 version = "0.39.0"
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ members = [
 resolver = "2"

 [workspace.package]
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 edition = "2021"
 license = "Apache-2.0"

@@ -121,6 +121,7 @@ datafusion = { git = "https://github.com/waynexia/arrow-datafusion.git", rev = "
 datafusion-common = { git = "https://github.com/waynexia/arrow-datafusion.git", rev = "12c0381babd52c681043957e9d6ee083a03f7646" }
 datafusion-expr = { git = "https://github.com/waynexia/arrow-datafusion.git", rev = "12c0381babd52c681043957e9d6ee083a03f7646" }
 datafusion-functions = { git = "https://github.com/waynexia/arrow-datafusion.git", rev = "12c0381babd52c681043957e9d6ee083a03f7646" }
+datafusion-functions-aggregate-common = { git = "https://github.com/waynexia/arrow-datafusion.git", rev = "12c0381babd52c681043957e9d6ee083a03f7646" }
 datafusion-optimizer = { git = "https://github.com/waynexia/arrow-datafusion.git", rev = "12c0381babd52c681043957e9d6ee083a03f7646" }
 datafusion-physical-expr = { git = "https://github.com/waynexia/arrow-datafusion.git", rev = "12c0381babd52c681043957e9d6ee083a03f7646" }
 datafusion-physical-plan = { git = "https://github.com/waynexia/arrow-datafusion.git", rev = "12c0381babd52c681043957e9d6ee083a03f7646" }
@@ -134,7 +135,7 @@ etcd-client = "0.14"
 fst = "0.4.7"
 futures = "0.3"
 futures-util = "0.3"
-greptime-proto = { git = "https://github.com/GreptimeTeam/greptime-proto.git", rev = "82fe5c6282f623c185b86f03e898ee8952e50cf9" }
+greptime-proto = { git = "https://github.com/GreptimeTeam/greptime-proto.git", rev = "464226cf8a4a22696503536a123d0b9e318582f4" }
 hex = "0.4"
 http = "1"
 humantime = "2.1"
--- a/config/config.md
+++ b/config/config.md
@@ -185,10 +185,11 @@
 | `logging.dir` | String | `./greptimedb_data/logs` | The directory to store the log files. If set to empty, logs will not be written to files. |
 | `logging.level` | String | Unset | The log level. Can be `info`/`debug`/`warn`/`error`. |
 | `logging.enable_otlp_tracing` | Bool | `false` | Enable OTLP tracing. |
-| `logging.otlp_endpoint` | String | `http://localhost:4317` | The OTLP tracing endpoint. |
+| `logging.otlp_endpoint` | String | `http://localhost:4318` | The OTLP tracing endpoint. |
 | `logging.append_stdout` | Bool | `true` | Whether to append logs to stdout. |
 | `logging.log_format` | String | `text` | The log format. Can be `text`/`json`. |
 | `logging.max_log_files` | Integer | `720` | The maximum amount of log files. |
+| `logging.otlp_export_protocol` | String | `http` | The OTLP tracing export protocol. Can be `grpc`/`http`. |
 | `logging.tracing_sample_ratio` | -- | -- | The percentage of tracing will be sampled and exported.<br/>Valid range `[0, 1]`, 1 means all traces are sampled, 0 means all traces are not sampled, the default value is 1.<br/>ratio > 1 are treated as 1. Fractions < 0 are treated as 0 |
 | `logging.tracing_sample_ratio.default_ratio` | Float | `1.0` | -- |
 | `slow_query` | -- | -- | The slow query log options. |
@@ -288,10 +289,11 @@
 | `logging.dir` | String | `./greptimedb_data/logs` | The directory to store the log files. If set to empty, logs will not be written to files. |
 | `logging.level` | String | Unset | The log level. Can be `info`/`debug`/`warn`/`error`. |
 | `logging.enable_otlp_tracing` | Bool | `false` | Enable OTLP tracing. |
-| `logging.otlp_endpoint` | String | `http://localhost:4317` | The OTLP tracing endpoint. |
+| `logging.otlp_endpoint` | String | `http://localhost:4318` | The OTLP tracing endpoint. |
 | `logging.append_stdout` | Bool | `true` | Whether to append logs to stdout. |
 | `logging.log_format` | String | `text` | The log format. Can be `text`/`json`. |
 | `logging.max_log_files` | Integer | `720` | The maximum amount of log files. |
+| `logging.otlp_export_protocol` | String | `http` | The OTLP tracing export protocol. Can be `grpc`/`http`. |
 | `logging.tracing_sample_ratio` | -- | -- | The percentage of tracing will be sampled and exported.<br/>Valid range `[0, 1]`, 1 means all traces are sampled, 0 means all traces are not sampled, the default value is 1.<br/>ratio > 1 are treated as 1. Fractions < 0 are treated as 0 |
 | `logging.tracing_sample_ratio.default_ratio` | Float | `1.0` | -- |
 | `slow_query` | -- | -- | The slow query log options. |
@@ -323,6 +325,7 @@
 | `selector` | String | `round_robin` | Datanode selector type.<br/>- `round_robin` (default value)<br/>- `lease_based`<br/>- `load_based`<br/>For details, please see "https://docs.greptime.com/developer-guide/metasrv/selector". |
 | `use_memory_store` | Bool | `false` | Store data in memory. |
 | `enable_region_failover` | Bool | `false` | Whether to enable region failover.<br/>This feature is only available on GreptimeDB running on cluster mode and<br/>- Using Remote WAL<br/>- Using shared storage (e.g., s3). |
+| `region_failure_detector_initialization_delay` | String | `10m` | The delay before starting region failure detection.<br/>This delay helps prevent Metasrv from triggering unnecessary region failovers before all Datanodes are fully started.<br/>Especially useful when the cluster is not deployed with GreptimeDB Operator and maintenance mode is not enabled. |
 | `allow_region_failover_on_local_wal` | Bool | `false` | Whether to allow region failover on local WAL.<br/>**This option is not recommended to be set to true, because it may lead to data loss during failover.** |
 | `node_max_idle_time` | String | `24hours` | Max allowed idle time before removing node info from metasrv memory. |
 | `enable_telemetry` | Bool | `true` | Whether to enable greptimedb telemetry. Enabled by default. |
@@ -370,10 +373,11 @@
 | `logging.dir` | String | `./greptimedb_data/logs` | The directory to store the log files. If set to empty, logs will not be written to files. |
 | `logging.level` | String | Unset | The log level. Can be `info`/`debug`/`warn`/`error`. |
 | `logging.enable_otlp_tracing` | Bool | `false` | Enable OTLP tracing. |
-| `logging.otlp_endpoint` | String | `http://localhost:4317` | The OTLP tracing endpoint. |
+| `logging.otlp_endpoint` | String | `http://localhost:4318` | The OTLP tracing endpoint. |
 | `logging.append_stdout` | Bool | `true` | Whether to append logs to stdout. |
 | `logging.log_format` | String | `text` | The log format. Can be `text`/`json`. |
 | `logging.max_log_files` | Integer | `720` | The maximum amount of log files. |
+| `logging.otlp_export_protocol` | String | `http` | The OTLP tracing export protocol. Can be `grpc`/`http`. |
 | `logging.tracing_sample_ratio` | -- | -- | The percentage of tracing will be sampled and exported.<br/>Valid range `[0, 1]`, 1 means all traces are sampled, 0 means all traces are not sampled, the default value is 1.<br/>ratio > 1 are treated as 1. Fractions < 0 are treated as 0 |
 | `logging.tracing_sample_ratio.default_ratio` | Float | `1.0` | -- |
 | `export_metrics` | -- | -- | The metasrv can export its metrics and send to Prometheus compatible service (e.g. `greptimedb` itself) from remote-write API.<br/>This is only used for `greptimedb` to export its own metrics internally. It's different from prometheus scrape. |
@@ -432,8 +436,8 @@
 | `wal.provider` | String | `raft_engine` | The provider of the WAL.<br/>- `raft_engine`: the wal is stored in the local file system by raft-engine.<br/>- `kafka`: it's remote wal that data is stored in Kafka. |
 | `wal.dir` | String | Unset | The directory to store the WAL files.<br/>**It's only used when the provider is `raft_engine`**. |
 | `wal.file_size` | String | `128MB` | The size of the WAL segment file.<br/>**It's only used when the provider is `raft_engine`**. |
-| `wal.purge_threshold` | String | `1GB` | The threshold of the WAL size to trigger a flush.<br/>**It's only used when the provider is `raft_engine`**. |
-| `wal.purge_interval` | String | `1m` | The interval to trigger a flush.<br/>**It's only used when the provider is `raft_engine`**. |
+| `wal.purge_threshold` | String | `1GB` | The threshold of the WAL size to trigger a purge.<br/>**It's only used when the provider is `raft_engine`**. |
+| `wal.purge_interval` | String | `1m` | The interval to trigger a purge.<br/>**It's only used when the provider is `raft_engine`**. |
 | `wal.read_batch_size` | Integer | `128` | The read batch size.<br/>**It's only used when the provider is `raft_engine`**. |
 | `wal.sync_write` | Bool | `false` | Whether to use sync write.<br/>**It's only used when the provider is `raft_engine`**. |
 | `wal.enable_log_recycle` | Bool | `true` | Whether to reuse logically truncated log files.<br/>**It's only used when the provider is `raft_engine`**. |
@@ -534,10 +538,11 @@
 | `logging.dir` | String | `./greptimedb_data/logs` | The directory to store the log files. If set to empty, logs will not be written to files. |
 | `logging.level` | String | Unset | The log level. Can be `info`/`debug`/`warn`/`error`. |
 | `logging.enable_otlp_tracing` | Bool | `false` | Enable OTLP tracing. |
-| `logging.otlp_endpoint` | String | `http://localhost:4317` | The OTLP tracing endpoint. |
+| `logging.otlp_endpoint` | String | `http://localhost:4318` | The OTLP tracing endpoint. |
 | `logging.append_stdout` | Bool | `true` | Whether to append logs to stdout. |
 | `logging.log_format` | String | `text` | The log format. Can be `text`/`json`. |
 | `logging.max_log_files` | Integer | `720` | The maximum amount of log files. |
+| `logging.otlp_export_protocol` | String | `http` | The OTLP tracing export protocol. Can be `grpc`/`http`. |
 | `logging.tracing_sample_ratio` | -- | -- | The percentage of tracing will be sampled and exported.<br/>Valid range `[0, 1]`, 1 means all traces are sampled, 0 means all traces are not sampled, the default value is 1.<br/>ratio > 1 are treated as 1. Fractions < 0 are treated as 0 |
 | `logging.tracing_sample_ratio.default_ratio` | Float | `1.0` | -- |
 | `export_metrics` | -- | -- | The datanode can export its metrics and send to Prometheus compatible service (e.g. `greptimedb` itself) from remote-write API.<br/>This is only used for `greptimedb` to export its own metrics internally. It's different from prometheus scrape. |
@@ -584,10 +589,11 @@
 | `logging.dir` | String | `./greptimedb_data/logs` | The directory to store the log files. If set to empty, logs will not be written to files. |
 | `logging.level` | String | Unset | The log level. Can be `info`/`debug`/`warn`/`error`. |
 | `logging.enable_otlp_tracing` | Bool | `false` | Enable OTLP tracing. |
-| `logging.otlp_endpoint` | String | `http://localhost:4317` | The OTLP tracing endpoint. |
+| `logging.otlp_endpoint` | String | `http://localhost:4318` | The OTLP tracing endpoint. |
 | `logging.append_stdout` | Bool | `true` | Whether to append logs to stdout. |
 | `logging.log_format` | String | `text` | The log format. Can be `text`/`json`. |
 | `logging.max_log_files` | Integer | `720` | The maximum amount of log files. |
+| `logging.otlp_export_protocol` | String | `http` | The OTLP tracing export protocol. Can be `grpc`/`http`. |
 | `logging.tracing_sample_ratio` | -- | -- | The percentage of tracing will be sampled and exported.<br/>Valid range `[0, 1]`, 1 means all traces are sampled, 0 means all traces are not sampled, the default value is 1.<br/>ratio > 1 are treated as 1. Fractions < 0 are treated as 0 |
 | `logging.tracing_sample_ratio.default_ratio` | Float | `1.0` | -- |
 | `tracing` | -- | -- | The tracing options. Only effect when compiled with `tokio-console` feature. |
--- a/config/datanode.example.toml
+++ b/config/datanode.example.toml
@@ -129,11 +129,11 @@ dir = "./greptimedb_data/wal"
 ## **It's only used when the provider is `raft_engine`**.
 file_size = "128MB"

-## The threshold of the WAL size to trigger a flush.
+## The threshold of the WAL size to trigger a purge.
 ## **It's only used when the provider is `raft_engine`**.
 purge_threshold = "1GB"

-## The interval to trigger a flush.
+## The interval to trigger a purge.
 ## **It's only used when the provider is `raft_engine`**.
 purge_interval = "1m"

@@ -629,7 +629,7 @@ level = "info"
 enable_otlp_tracing = false

 ## The OTLP tracing endpoint.
-otlp_endpoint = "http://localhost:4317"
+otlp_endpoint = "http://localhost:4318"

 ## Whether to append logs to stdout.
 append_stdout = true
@@ -640,6 +640,9 @@ log_format = "text"
 ## The maximum amount of log files.
 max_log_files = 720

+## The OTLP tracing export protocol. Can be `grpc`/`http`.
+otlp_export_protocol = "http"
+
 ## The percentage of tracing will be sampled and exported.
 ## Valid range `[0, 1]`, 1 means all traces are sampled, 0 means all traces are not sampled, the default value is 1.
 ## ratio > 1 are treated as 1. Fractions < 0 are treated as 0
--- a/config/flownode.example.toml
+++ b/config/flownode.example.toml
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ level = "info"
 enable_otlp_tracing = false

 ## The OTLP tracing endpoint.
-otlp_endpoint = "http://localhost:4317"
+otlp_endpoint = "http://localhost:4318"

 ## Whether to append logs to stdout.
 append_stdout = true
@@ -94,6 +94,9 @@ log_format = "text"
 ## The maximum amount of log files.
 max_log_files = 720

+## The OTLP tracing export protocol. Can be `grpc`/`http`.
+otlp_export_protocol = "http"
+
 ## The percentage of tracing will be sampled and exported.
 ## Valid range `[0, 1]`, 1 means all traces are sampled, 0 means all traces are not sampled, the default value is 1.
 ## ratio > 1 are treated as 1. Fractions < 0 are treated as 0
--- a/config/frontend.example.toml
+++ b/config/frontend.example.toml
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ level = "info"
 enable_otlp_tracing = false

 ## The OTLP tracing endpoint.
-otlp_endpoint = "http://localhost:4317"
+otlp_endpoint = "http://localhost:4318"

 ## Whether to append logs to stdout.
 append_stdout = true
@@ -229,6 +229,9 @@ log_format = "text"
 ## The maximum amount of log files.
 max_log_files = 720

+## The OTLP tracing export protocol. Can be `grpc`/`http`.
+otlp_export_protocol = "http"
+
 ## The percentage of tracing will be sampled and exported.
 ## Valid range `[0, 1]`, 1 means all traces are sampled, 0 means all traces are not sampled, the default value is 1.
 ## ratio > 1 are treated as 1. Fractions < 0 are treated as 0
--- a/config/metasrv.example.toml
+++ b/config/metasrv.example.toml
@@ -43,6 +43,11 @@ use_memory_store = false
 ## - Using shared storage (e.g., s3).
 enable_region_failover = false

+## The delay before starting region failure detection.
+## This delay helps prevent Metasrv from triggering unnecessary region failovers before all Datanodes are fully started.
+## Especially useful when the cluster is not deployed with GreptimeDB Operator and maintenance mode is not enabled.
+region_failure_detector_initialization_delay = '10m'
+
 ## Whether to allow region failover on local WAL.
 ## **This option is not recommended to be set to true, because it may lead to data loss during failover.**
 allow_region_failover_on_local_wal = false
@@ -220,7 +225,7 @@ level = "info"
 enable_otlp_tracing = false

 ## The OTLP tracing endpoint.
-otlp_endpoint = "http://localhost:4317"
+otlp_endpoint = "http://localhost:4318"

 ## Whether to append logs to stdout.
 append_stdout = true
@@ -231,6 +236,9 @@ log_format = "text"
 ## The maximum amount of log files.
 max_log_files = 720

+## The OTLP tracing export protocol. Can be `grpc`/`http`.
+otlp_export_protocol = "http"
+
 ## The percentage of tracing will be sampled and exported.
 ## Valid range `[0, 1]`, 1 means all traces are sampled, 0 means all traces are not sampled, the default value is 1.
 ## ratio > 1 are treated as 1. Fractions < 0 are treated as 0
--- a/config/standalone.example.toml
+++ b/config/standalone.example.toml
@@ -720,7 +720,7 @@ level = "info"
 enable_otlp_tracing = false

 ## The OTLP tracing endpoint.
-otlp_endpoint = "http://localhost:4317"
+otlp_endpoint = "http://localhost:4318"

 ## Whether to append logs to stdout.
 append_stdout = true
@@ -731,6 +731,9 @@ log_format = "text"
 ## The maximum amount of log files.
 max_log_files = 720

+## The OTLP tracing export protocol. Can be `grpc`/`http`.
+otlp_export_protocol = "http"
+
 ## The percentage of tracing will be sampled and exported.
 ## Valid range `[0, 1]`, 1 means all traces are sampled, 0 means all traces are not sampled, the default value is 1.
 ## ratio > 1 are treated as 1. Fractions < 0 are treated as 0
--- a/cyborg/bin/follow-up-docs-issue.ts
+++ b/cyborg/bin/follow-up-docs-issue.ts
@@ -55,12 +55,25 @@ async function main() {
        await client.rest.issues.addLabels({
            owner, repo, issue_number: number, labels: [labelDocsRequired],
        })
+
+        // Get available assignees for the docs repo
+        const assigneesResponse = await docsClient.rest.issues.listAssignees({
+            owner: 'GreptimeTeam',
+            repo: 'docs',
+        })
+        const validAssignees = assigneesResponse.data.map(assignee => assignee.login)
+        core.info(`Available assignees: ${validAssignees.join(', ')}`)
+
+        // Check if the actor is a valid assignee, otherwise fallback to fengjiachun
+        const assignee = validAssignees.includes(actor) ? actor : 'fengjiachun'
+        core.info(`Assigning issue to: ${assignee}`)
+
        await docsClient.rest.issues.create({
            owner: 'GreptimeTeam',
            repo: 'docs',
            title: `Update docs for ${title}`,
            body: `A document change request is generated from ${html_url}`,
-            assignee: actor,
+            assignee: assignee,
        }).then((res) => {
            core.info(`Created issue ${res.data}`)
        })
--- a/licenserc.toml
+++ b/licenserc.toml
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ excludes = [
    "src/operator/src/expr_helper/trigger.rs",
    "src/sql/src/statements/create/trigger.rs",
    "src/sql/src/statements/show/trigger.rs",
+    "src/sql/src/statements/drop/trigger.rs",
    "src/sql/src/parsers/create_parser/trigger.rs",
    "src/sql/src/parsers/show_parser/trigger.rs",
 ]
--- a/src/api/src/region.rs
+++ b/src/api/src/region.rs
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ use greptime_proto::v1::region::RegionResponse as RegionResponseV1;
 pub struct RegionResponse {
    pub affected_rows: AffectedRows,
    pub extensions: HashMap<String, Vec<u8>>,
+    pub metadata: Vec<u8>,
 }

 impl RegionResponse {
@@ -29,6 +30,7 @@ impl RegionResponse {
        Self {
            affected_rows: region_response.affected_rows as _,
            extensions: region_response.extensions,
+            metadata: region_response.metadata,
        }
    }

@@ -37,6 +39,16 @@ impl RegionResponse {
        Self {
            affected_rows,
            extensions: Default::default(),
+            metadata: Vec::new(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Creates one response with metadata.
+    pub fn from_metadata(metadata: Vec<u8>) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            affected_rows: 0,
+            extensions: Default::default(),
+            metadata,
        }
    }
 }
--- a/src/catalog/src/kvbackend/manager.rs
+++ b/src/catalog/src/kvbackend/manager.rs
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
 // limitations under the License.

 use std::any::Any;
-use std::collections::BTreeSet;
+use std::collections::{BTreeSet, HashSet};
 use std::sync::{Arc, Weak};

 use async_stream::try_stream;
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ use common_meta::cache::{
 use common_meta::key::catalog_name::CatalogNameKey;
 use common_meta::key::flow::FlowMetadataManager;
 use common_meta::key::schema_name::SchemaNameKey;
-use common_meta::key::table_info::TableInfoValue;
+use common_meta::key::table_info::{TableInfoManager, TableInfoValue};
 use common_meta::key::table_name::TableNameKey;
 use common_meta::key::{TableMetadataManager, TableMetadataManagerRef};
 use common_meta::kv_backend::KvBackendRef;
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ use moka::sync::Cache;
 use partition::manager::{PartitionRuleManager, PartitionRuleManagerRef};
 use session::context::{Channel, QueryContext};
 use snafu::prelude::*;
+use store_api::metric_engine_consts::METRIC_ENGINE_NAME;
 use table::dist_table::DistTable;
 use table::metadata::TableId;
 use table::table::numbers::{NumbersTable, NUMBERS_TABLE_NAME};
@@ -142,6 +143,64 @@ impl KvBackendCatalogManager {
    pub fn procedure_manager(&self) -> Option<ProcedureManagerRef> {
        self.procedure_manager.clone()
    }
+
+    // Override logical table's partition key indices with physical table's.
+    async fn override_logical_table_partition_key_indices(
+        table_route_cache: &TableRouteCacheRef,
+        table_info_manager: &TableInfoManager,
+        table: TableRef,
+    ) -> Result<TableRef> {
+        // If the table is not a metric table, return the table directly.
+        if table.table_info().meta.engine != METRIC_ENGINE_NAME {
+            return Ok(table);
+        }
+
+        if let Some(table_route_value) = table_route_cache
+            .get(table.table_info().table_id())
+            .await
+            .context(TableMetadataManagerSnafu)?
+            && let TableRoute::Logical(logical_route) = &*table_route_value
+            && let Some(physical_table_info_value) = table_info_manager
+                .get(logical_route.physical_table_id())
+                .await
+                .context(TableMetadataManagerSnafu)?
+        {
+            let mut new_table_info = (*table.table_info()).clone();
+            // Gather all column names from the logical table
+            let logical_column_names: HashSet<_> = new_table_info
+                .meta
+                .schema
+                .column_schemas()
+                .iter()
+                .map(|col| &col.name)
+                .collect();
+
+            // Only preserve partition key indices where the corresponding columns exist in logical table
+            new_table_info.meta.partition_key_indices = physical_table_info_value
+                .table_info
+                .meta
+                .partition_key_indices
+                .iter()
+                .filter(|&&index| {
+                    physical_table_info_value
+                        .table_info
+                        .meta
+                        .schema
+                        .column_schemas
+                        .get(index)
+                        .map(|physical_column| logical_column_names.contains(&physical_column.name))
+                        .unwrap_or(false)
+                })
+                .cloned()
+                .collect();
+
+            let new_table = DistTable::table(Arc::new(new_table_info));
+
+            return Ok(new_table);
+        }
+
+        Ok(table)
+    }
 }

 #[async_trait::async_trait]
@@ -268,10 +327,7 @@ impl CatalogManager for KvBackendCatalogManager {
        let table_cache: TableCacheRef = self.cache_registry.get().context(CacheNotFoundSnafu {
            name: "table_cache",
        })?;
-        let table_route_cache: TableRouteCacheRef =
-            self.cache_registry.get().context(CacheNotFoundSnafu {
-                name: "table_route_cache",
-            })?;
+
        let table = table_cache
            .get_by_ref(&TableName {
                catalog_name: catalog_name.to_string(),
@@ -281,55 +337,18 @@ impl CatalogManager for KvBackendCatalogManager {
            .await
            .context(GetTableCacheSnafu)?;

-        // Override logical table's partition key indices with physical table's.
-        if let Some(table) = &table
-            && let Some(table_route_value) = table_route_cache
-                .get(table.table_info().table_id())
-                .await
-                .context(TableMetadataManagerSnafu)?
-            && let TableRoute::Logical(logical_route) = &*table_route_value
-            && let Some(physical_table_info_value) = self
-                .table_metadata_manager
-                .table_info_manager()
-                .get(logical_route.physical_table_id())
-                .await
-                .context(TableMetadataManagerSnafu)?
-        {
-            let mut new_table_info = (*table.table_info()).clone();
-            // Gather all column names from the logical table
-            let logical_column_names: std::collections::HashSet<_> = new_table_info
-                .meta
-                .schema
-                .column_schemas()
-                .iter()
-                .map(|col| &col.name)
-                .collect();
-
-            // Only preserve partition key indices where the corresponding columns exist in logical table
-            new_table_info.meta.partition_key_indices = physical_table_info_value
-                .table_info
-                .meta
-                .partition_key_indices
-                .iter()
-                .filter(|&&index| {
-                    if let Some(physical_column) = physical_table_info_value
-                        .table_info
-                        .meta
-                        .schema
-                        .column_schemas
-                        .get(index)
-                    {
-                        logical_column_names.contains(&physical_column.name)
-                    } else {
-                        false
-                    }
-                })
-                .cloned()
-                .collect();
-
-            let new_table = DistTable::table(Arc::new(new_table_info));
-
-            return Ok(Some(new_table));
+        if let Some(table) = table {
+            let table_route_cache: TableRouteCacheRef =
+                self.cache_registry.get().context(CacheNotFoundSnafu {
+                    name: "table_route_cache",
+                })?;
+            return Self::override_logical_table_partition_key_indices(
+                &table_route_cache,
+                self.table_metadata_manager.table_info_manager(),
+                table,
+            )
+            .await
+            .map(Some);
        }

        if channel == Channel::Postgres {
@@ -342,7 +361,7 @@ impl CatalogManager for KvBackendCatalogManager {
            }
        }

-        Ok(table)
+        Ok(None)
    }

    async fn tables_by_ids(
@@ -394,8 +413,20 @@ impl CatalogManager for KvBackendCatalogManager {
        let catalog = catalog.to_string();
        let schema = schema.to_string();
        let semaphore = Arc::new(Semaphore::new(CONCURRENCY));
+        let table_route_cache: Result<TableRouteCacheRef> =
+            self.cache_registry.get().context(CacheNotFoundSnafu {
+                name: "table_route_cache",
+            });

        common_runtime::spawn_global(async move {
+            let table_route_cache = match table_route_cache {
+                Ok(table_route_cache) => table_route_cache,
+                Err(e) => {
+                    let _ = tx.send(Err(e)).await;
+                    return;
+                }
+            };
+
            let table_id_stream = metadata_manager
                .table_name_manager()
                .tables(&catalog, &schema)
@@ -422,6 +453,7 @@ impl CatalogManager for KvBackendCatalogManager {
                let metadata_manager = metadata_manager.clone();
                let tx = tx.clone();
                let semaphore = semaphore.clone();
+                let table_route_cache = table_route_cache.clone();
                common_runtime::spawn_global(async move {
                    // we don't explicitly close the semaphore so just ignore the potential error.
                    let _ = semaphore.acquire().await;
@@ -439,6 +471,16 @@ impl CatalogManager for KvBackendCatalogManager {
                    };

                    for table in table_info_values.into_values().map(build_table) {
+                        let table = if let Ok(table) = table {
+                            Self::override_logical_table_partition_key_indices(
+                                &table_route_cache,
+                                metadata_manager.table_info_manager(),
+                                table,
+                            )
+                            .await
+                        } else {
+                            table
+                        };
                        if tx.send(table).await.is_err() {
                            return;
                        }
--- a/src/catalog/src/process_manager.rs
+++ b/src/catalog/src/process_manager.rs
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ use std::sync::{Arc, RwLock};
 use api::v1::frontend::{KillProcessRequest, ListProcessRequest, ProcessInfo};
 use common_base::cancellation::CancellationHandle;
 use common_frontend::selector::{FrontendSelector, MetaClientSelector};
-use common_telemetry::{debug, info};
+use common_telemetry::{debug, info, warn};
 use common_time::util::current_time_millis;
 use meta_client::MetaClientRef;
 use snafu::{ensure, OptionExt, ResultExt};
@@ -141,14 +141,20 @@ impl ProcessManager {
                .await
                .context(error::InvokeFrontendSnafu)?;
            for mut f in frontends {
-                processes.extend(
-                    f.list_process(ListProcessRequest {
+                let result = f
+                    .list_process(ListProcessRequest {
                        catalog: catalog.unwrap_or_default().to_string(),
                    })
                    .await
-                    .context(error::InvokeFrontendSnafu)?
-                    .processes,
-                );
+                    .context(error::InvokeFrontendSnafu);
+                match result {
+                    Ok(resp) => {
+                        processes.extend(resp.processes);
+                    }
+                    Err(e) => {
+                        warn!(e; "Skipping failing node: {:?}", f)
+                    }
+                }
            }
        }
        processes.extend(self.local_processes(catalog)?);
--- a/src/catalog/src/system_schema/information_schema.rs
+++ b/src/catalog/src/system_schema/information_schema.rs
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ mod information_memory_table;
 pub mod key_column_usage;
 mod partitions;
 mod procedure_info;
-mod process_list;
+pub mod process_list;
 pub mod region_peers;
 mod region_statistics;
 mod runtime_metrics;
--- a/src/catalog/src/system_schema/information_schema/process_list.rs
+++ b/src/catalog/src/system_schema/information_schema/process_list.rs
@@ -39,14 +39,14 @@ use crate::process_manager::ProcessManagerRef;
 use crate::system_schema::information_schema::InformationTable;

 /// Column names of `information_schema.process_list`
-const ID: &str = "id";
-const CATALOG: &str = "catalog";
-const SCHEMAS: &str = "schemas";
-const QUERY: &str = "query";
-const CLIENT: &str = "client";
-const FRONTEND: &str = "frontend";
-const START_TIMESTAMP: &str = "start_timestamp";
-const ELAPSED_TIME: &str = "elapsed_time";
+pub const ID: &str = "id";
+pub const CATALOG: &str = "catalog";
+pub const SCHEMAS: &str = "schemas";
+pub const QUERY: &str = "query";
+pub const CLIENT: &str = "client";
+pub const FRONTEND: &str = "frontend";
+pub const START_TIMESTAMP: &str = "start_timestamp";
+pub const ELAPSED_TIME: &str = "elapsed_time";

 /// `information_schema.process_list` table implementation that tracks running
 /// queries in current cluster.
--- a/src/cli/src/lib.rs
+++ b/src/cli/src/lib.rs
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.

+#[allow(clippy::print_stdout)]
 mod bench;
 mod data;
 mod database;
--- a/src/cli/src/metadata/snapshot.rs
+++ b/src/cli/src/metadata/snapshot.rs
@@ -301,7 +301,6 @@ struct MetaInfoTool {

 #[async_trait]
 impl Tool for MetaInfoTool {
-    #[allow(clippy::print_stdout)]
    async fn do_work(&self) -> std::result::Result<(), BoxedError> {
        let result = MetadataSnapshotManager::info(
            &self.inner,
--- a/src/cmd/Cargo.toml
+++ b/src/cmd/Cargo.toml
@@ -67,6 +67,7 @@ metric-engine.workspace = true
 mito2.workspace = true
 moka.workspace = true
 nu-ansi-term = "0.46"
+object-store.workspace = true
 plugins.workspace = true
 prometheus.workspace = true
 prost.workspace = true
--- a/src/cmd/src/datanode.rs
+++ b/src/cmd/src/datanode.rs
@@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ mod tests {

    use common_config::ENV_VAR_SEP;
    use common_test_util::temp_dir::create_named_temp_file;
-    use datanode::config::{FileConfig, GcsConfig, ObjectStoreConfig, S3Config};
+    use object_store::config::{FileConfig, GcsConfig, ObjectStoreConfig, S3Config};
    use servers::heartbeat_options::HeartbeatOptions;

    use super::*;
--- a/src/cmd/src/standalone.rs
+++ b/src/cmd/src/standalone.rs
@@ -30,20 +30,16 @@ use common_catalog::consts::{MIN_USER_FLOW_ID, MIN_USER_TABLE_ID};
 use common_config::{metadata_store_dir, Configurable, KvBackendConfig};
 use common_error::ext::BoxedError;
 use common_meta::cache::LayeredCacheRegistryBuilder;
-use common_meta::cache_invalidator::CacheInvalidatorRef;
 use common_meta::cluster::{NodeInfo, NodeStatus};
 use common_meta::datanode::RegionStat;
-use common_meta::ddl::flow_meta::{FlowMetadataAllocator, FlowMetadataAllocatorRef};
-use common_meta::ddl::table_meta::{TableMetadataAllocator, TableMetadataAllocatorRef};
+use common_meta::ddl::flow_meta::FlowMetadataAllocator;
+use common_meta::ddl::table_meta::TableMetadataAllocator;
 use common_meta::ddl::{DdlContext, NoopRegionFailureDetectorControl, ProcedureExecutorRef};
 use common_meta::ddl_manager::DdlManager;
-#[cfg(feature = "enterprise")]
-use common_meta::ddl_manager::TriggerDdlManagerRef;
 use common_meta::key::flow::flow_state::FlowStat;
-use common_meta::key::flow::{FlowMetadataManager, FlowMetadataManagerRef};
+use common_meta::key::flow::FlowMetadataManager;
 use common_meta::key::{TableMetadataManager, TableMetadataManagerRef};
 use common_meta::kv_backend::KvBackendRef;
-use common_meta::node_manager::NodeManagerRef;
 use common_meta::peer::Peer;
 use common_meta::region_keeper::MemoryRegionKeeper;
 use common_meta::region_registry::LeaderRegionRegistry;
@@ -261,15 +257,34 @@ pub struct Instance {
    flownode: FlownodeInstance,
    procedure_manager: ProcedureManagerRef,
    wal_options_allocator: WalOptionsAllocatorRef,
+
+    // The components of standalone, which make it easier to expand based
+    // on the components.
+    #[cfg(feature = "enterprise")]
+    components: Components,
+
    // Keep the logging guard to prevent the worker from being dropped.
    _guard: Vec<WorkerGuard>,
 }

+#[cfg(feature = "enterprise")]
+pub struct Components {
+    pub plugins: Plugins,
+    pub kv_backend: KvBackendRef,
+    pub frontend_client: Arc<FrontendClient>,
+    pub catalog_manager: catalog::CatalogManagerRef,
+}
+
 impl Instance {
    /// Find the socket addr of a server by its `name`.
    pub fn server_addr(&self, name: &str) -> Option<SocketAddr> {
        self.frontend.server_handlers().addr(name)
    }
+
+    #[cfg(feature = "enterprise")]
+    pub fn components(&self) -> &Components {
+        &self.components
+    }
 }

 #[async_trait]
@@ -550,13 +565,14 @@ impl StartCommand {
        // actually make a connection
        let (frontend_client, frontend_instance_handler) =
            FrontendClient::from_empty_grpc_handler();
+        let frontend_client = Arc::new(frontend_client);
        let flow_builder = FlownodeBuilder::new(
            flownode_options,
            plugins.clone(),
            table_metadata_manager.clone(),
            catalog_manager.clone(),
            flow_metadata_manager.clone(),
-            Arc::new(frontend_client.clone()),
+            frontend_client.clone(),
        );
        let flownode = flow_builder
            .build()
@@ -594,28 +610,36 @@ impl StartCommand {
            .await
            .context(error::BuildWalOptionsAllocatorSnafu)?;
        let wal_options_allocator = Arc::new(wal_options_allocator);
-        let table_meta_allocator = Arc::new(TableMetadataAllocator::new(
+        let table_metadata_allocator = Arc::new(TableMetadataAllocator::new(
            table_id_sequence,
            wal_options_allocator.clone(),
        ));
-        let flow_meta_allocator = Arc::new(FlowMetadataAllocator::with_noop_peer_allocator(
+        let flow_metadata_allocator = Arc::new(FlowMetadataAllocator::with_noop_peer_allocator(
            flow_id_sequence,
        ));

+        let ddl_context = DdlContext {
+            node_manager: node_manager.clone(),
+            cache_invalidator: layered_cache_registry.clone(),
+            memory_region_keeper: Arc::new(MemoryRegionKeeper::default()),
+            leader_region_registry: Arc::new(LeaderRegionRegistry::default()),
+            table_metadata_manager: table_metadata_manager.clone(),
+            table_metadata_allocator: table_metadata_allocator.clone(),
+            flow_metadata_manager: flow_metadata_manager.clone(),
+            flow_metadata_allocator: flow_metadata_allocator.clone(),
+            region_failure_detector_controller: Arc::new(NoopRegionFailureDetectorControl),
+        };
+        let procedure_manager_c = procedure_manager.clone();
+
+        let ddl_manager = DdlManager::try_new(ddl_context, procedure_manager_c, true)
+            .context(error::InitDdlManagerSnafu)?;
        #[cfg(feature = "enterprise")]
-        let trigger_ddl_manager: Option<TriggerDdlManagerRef> = plugins.get();
-        let ddl_task_executor = Self::create_ddl_task_executor(
-            procedure_manager.clone(),
-            node_manager.clone(),
-            layered_cache_registry.clone(),
-            table_metadata_manager,
-            table_meta_allocator,
-            flow_metadata_manager,
-            flow_meta_allocator,
-            #[cfg(feature = "enterprise")]
-            trigger_ddl_manager,
-        )
-        .await?;
+        let ddl_manager = {
+            let trigger_ddl_manager: Option<common_meta::ddl_manager::TriggerDdlManagerRef> =
+                plugins.get();
+            ddl_manager.with_trigger_ddl_manager(trigger_ddl_manager)
+        };
+        let ddl_task_executor: ProcedureExecutorRef = Arc::new(ddl_manager);

        let fe_instance = FrontendBuilder::new(
            fe_opts.clone(),
@@ -658,7 +682,7 @@ impl StartCommand {
        let export_metrics_task = ExportMetricsTask::try_new(&opts.export_metrics, Some(&plugins))
            .context(error::ServersSnafu)?;

-        let servers = Services::new(opts, fe_instance.clone(), plugins)
+        let servers = Services::new(opts, fe_instance.clone(), plugins.clone())
            .build()
            .context(error::StartFrontendSnafu)?;

@@ -669,51 +693,26 @@ impl StartCommand {
            export_metrics_task,
        };

+        #[cfg(feature = "enterprise")]
+        let components = Components {
+            plugins,
+            kv_backend,
+            frontend_client,
+            catalog_manager,
+        };
+
        Ok(Instance {
            datanode,
            frontend,
            flownode,
            procedure_manager,
            wal_options_allocator,
+            #[cfg(feature = "enterprise")]
+            components,
            _guard: guard,
        })
    }

-    #[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
-    pub async fn create_ddl_task_executor(
-        procedure_manager: ProcedureManagerRef,
-        node_manager: NodeManagerRef,
-        cache_invalidator: CacheInvalidatorRef,
-        table_metadata_manager: TableMetadataManagerRef,
-        table_metadata_allocator: TableMetadataAllocatorRef,
-        flow_metadata_manager: FlowMetadataManagerRef,
-        flow_metadata_allocator: FlowMetadataAllocatorRef,
-        #[cfg(feature = "enterprise")] trigger_ddl_manager: Option<TriggerDdlManagerRef>,
-    ) -> Result<ProcedureExecutorRef> {
-        let procedure_executor: ProcedureExecutorRef = Arc::new(
-            DdlManager::try_new(
-                DdlContext {
-                    node_manager,
-                    cache_invalidator,
-                    memory_region_keeper: Arc::new(MemoryRegionKeeper::default()),
-                    leader_region_registry: Arc::new(LeaderRegionRegistry::default()),
-                    table_metadata_manager,
-                    table_metadata_allocator,
-                    flow_metadata_manager,
-                    flow_metadata_allocator,
-                    region_failure_detector_controller: Arc::new(NoopRegionFailureDetectorControl),
-                },
-                procedure_manager,
-                true,
-                #[cfg(feature = "enterprise")]
-                trigger_ddl_manager,
-            )
-            .context(error::InitDdlManagerSnafu)?,
-        );
-
-        Ok(procedure_executor)
-    }
-
    pub async fn create_table_metadata_manager(
        kv_backend: KvBackendRef,
    ) -> Result<TableMetadataManagerRef> {
@@ -849,7 +848,7 @@ mod tests {
    use common_config::ENV_VAR_SEP;
    use common_test_util::temp_dir::create_named_temp_file;
    use common_wal::config::DatanodeWalConfig;
-    use datanode::config::{FileConfig, GcsConfig};
+    use object_store::config::{FileConfig, GcsConfig};

    use super::*;
    use crate::options::GlobalOptions;
@@ -968,15 +967,15 @@ mod tests {

        assert!(matches!(
            &dn_opts.storage.store,
-            datanode::config::ObjectStoreConfig::File(FileConfig { .. })
+            object_store::config::ObjectStoreConfig::File(FileConfig { .. })
        ));
        assert_eq!(dn_opts.storage.providers.len(), 2);
        assert!(matches!(
            dn_opts.storage.providers[0],
-            datanode::config::ObjectStoreConfig::Gcs(GcsConfig { .. })
+            object_store::config::ObjectStoreConfig::Gcs(GcsConfig { .. })
        ));
        match &dn_opts.storage.providers[1] {
-            datanode::config::ObjectStoreConfig::S3(s3_config) => {
+            object_store::config::ObjectStoreConfig::S3(s3_config) => {
                assert_eq!(
                    "SecretBox<alloc::string::String>([REDACTED])".to_string(),
                    format!("{:?}", s3_config.access_key_id)
--- a/src/cmd/tests/load_config_test.rs
+++ b/src/cmd/tests/load_config_test.rs
@@ -18,11 +18,12 @@ use cmd::options::GreptimeOptions;
 use cmd::standalone::StandaloneOptions;
 use common_config::{Configurable, DEFAULT_DATA_HOME};
 use common_options::datanode::{ClientOptions, DatanodeClientOptions};
-use common_telemetry::logging::{LoggingOptions, DEFAULT_LOGGING_DIR, DEFAULT_OTLP_ENDPOINT};
+use common_telemetry::logging::{LoggingOptions, DEFAULT_LOGGING_DIR, DEFAULT_OTLP_HTTP_ENDPOINT};
 use common_wal::config::raft_engine::RaftEngineConfig;
 use common_wal::config::DatanodeWalConfig;
 use datanode::config::{DatanodeOptions, RegionEngineConfig, StorageConfig};
 use file_engine::config::EngineConfig as FileEngineConfig;
+use flow::FlownodeOptions;
 use frontend::frontend::FrontendOptions;
 use meta_client::MetaClientOptions;
 use meta_srv::metasrv::MetasrvOptions;
@@ -81,7 +82,7 @@ fn test_load_datanode_example_config() {
            logging: LoggingOptions {
                level: Some("info".to_string()),
                dir: format!("{}/{}", DEFAULT_DATA_HOME, DEFAULT_LOGGING_DIR),
-                otlp_endpoint: Some(DEFAULT_OTLP_ENDPOINT.to_string()),
+                otlp_endpoint: Some(DEFAULT_OTLP_HTTP_ENDPOINT.to_string()),
                tracing_sample_ratio: Some(Default::default()),
                ..Default::default()
            },
@@ -124,7 +125,7 @@ fn test_load_frontend_example_config() {
            logging: LoggingOptions {
                level: Some("info".to_string()),
                dir: format!("{}/{}", DEFAULT_DATA_HOME, DEFAULT_LOGGING_DIR),
-                otlp_endpoint: Some(DEFAULT_OTLP_ENDPOINT.to_string()),
+                otlp_endpoint: Some(DEFAULT_OTLP_HTTP_ENDPOINT.to_string()),
                tracing_sample_ratio: Some(Default::default()),
                ..Default::default()
            },
@@ -172,7 +173,7 @@ fn test_load_metasrv_example_config() {
            logging: LoggingOptions {
                dir: format!("{}/{}", DEFAULT_DATA_HOME, DEFAULT_LOGGING_DIR),
                level: Some("info".to_string()),
-                otlp_endpoint: Some(DEFAULT_OTLP_ENDPOINT.to_string()),
+                otlp_endpoint: Some(DEFAULT_OTLP_HTTP_ENDPOINT.to_string()),
                tracing_sample_ratio: Some(Default::default()),
                ..Default::default()
            },
@@ -195,6 +196,54 @@ fn test_load_metasrv_example_config() {
    similar_asserts::assert_eq!(options, expected);
 }

+#[test]
+fn test_load_flownode_example_config() {
+    let example_config = common_test_util::find_workspace_path("config/flownode.example.toml");
+    let options =
+        GreptimeOptions::<FlownodeOptions>::load_layered_options(example_config.to_str(), "")
+            .unwrap();
+    let expected = GreptimeOptions::<FlownodeOptions> {
+        component: FlownodeOptions {
+            node_id: Some(14),
+            flow: Default::default(),
+            grpc: GrpcOptions {
+                bind_addr: "127.0.0.1:6800".to_string(),
+                server_addr: "127.0.0.1:6800".to_string(),
+                runtime_size: 2,
+                ..Default::default()
+            },
+            logging: LoggingOptions {
+                dir: format!("{}/{}", DEFAULT_DATA_HOME, DEFAULT_LOGGING_DIR),
+                level: Some("info".to_string()),
+                otlp_endpoint: Some(DEFAULT_OTLP_HTTP_ENDPOINT.to_string()),
+                tracing_sample_ratio: Some(Default::default()),
+                ..Default::default()
+            },
+            tracing: Default::default(),
+            heartbeat: Default::default(),
+            query: Default::default(),
+            meta_client: Some(MetaClientOptions {
+                metasrv_addrs: vec!["127.0.0.1:3002".to_string()],
+                timeout: Duration::from_secs(3),
+                heartbeat_timeout: Duration::from_millis(500),
+                ddl_timeout: Duration::from_secs(10),
+                connect_timeout: Duration::from_secs(1),
+                tcp_nodelay: true,
+                metadata_cache_max_capacity: 100000,
+                metadata_cache_ttl: Duration::from_secs(600),
+                metadata_cache_tti: Duration::from_secs(300),
+            }),
+            http: HttpOptions {
+                addr: "127.0.0.1:4000".to_string(),
+                ..Default::default()
+            },
+            user_provider: None,
+        },
+        ..Default::default()
+    };
+    similar_asserts::assert_eq!(options, expected);
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn test_load_standalone_example_config() {
    let example_config = common_test_util::find_workspace_path("config/standalone.example.toml");
@@ -229,7 +278,7 @@ fn test_load_standalone_example_config() {
            logging: LoggingOptions {
                level: Some("info".to_string()),
                dir: format!("{}/{}", DEFAULT_DATA_HOME, DEFAULT_LOGGING_DIR),
-                otlp_endpoint: Some(DEFAULT_OTLP_ENDPOINT.to_string()),
+                otlp_endpoint: Some(DEFAULT_OTLP_HTTP_ENDPOINT.to_string()),
                tracing_sample_ratio: Some(Default::default()),
                ..Default::default()
            },
--- a/src/common/config/Cargo.toml
+++ b/src/common/config/Cargo.toml
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ common-macro.workspace = true
 config.workspace = true
 humantime-serde.workspace = true
 num_cpus.workspace = true
+object-store.workspace = true
 serde.workspace = true
 serde_json.workspace = true
 serde_with.workspace = true
--- a/src/common/config/src/config.rs
+++ b/src/common/config/src/config.rs
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ mod tests {
    use common_telemetry::logging::LoggingOptions;
    use common_test_util::temp_dir::create_named_temp_file;
    use common_wal::config::DatanodeWalConfig;
-    use datanode::config::{ObjectStoreConfig, StorageConfig};
+    use datanode::config::StorageConfig;
    use meta_client::MetaClientOptions;
    use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};

@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ mod tests {

                // Check the configs from environment variables.
                match &opts.storage.store {
-                    ObjectStoreConfig::S3(s3_config) => {
+                    object_store::config::ObjectStoreConfig::S3(s3_config) => {
                        assert_eq!(s3_config.bucket, "mybucket".to_string());
                    }
                    _ => panic!("unexpected store type"),
--- a/src/common/error/src/status_code.rs
+++ b/src/common/error/src/status_code.rs
@@ -119,6 +119,11 @@ pub enum StatusCode {
    FlowAlreadyExists = 8000,
    FlowNotFound = 8001,
    // ====== End of flow related status code =====
+
+    // ====== Begin of trigger related status code =====
+    TriggerAlreadyExists = 9000,
+    TriggerNotFound = 9001,
+    // ====== End of trigger related status code =====
 }

 impl StatusCode {
@@ -155,6 +160,8 @@ impl StatusCode {
            | StatusCode::RegionNotFound
            | StatusCode::FlowAlreadyExists
            | StatusCode::FlowNotFound
+            | StatusCode::TriggerAlreadyExists
+            | StatusCode::TriggerNotFound
            | StatusCode::RegionReadonly
            | StatusCode::TableColumnNotFound
            | StatusCode::TableColumnExists
@@ -198,6 +205,8 @@ impl StatusCode {
            | StatusCode::PlanQuery
            | StatusCode::FlowAlreadyExists
            | StatusCode::FlowNotFound
+            | StatusCode::TriggerAlreadyExists
+            | StatusCode::TriggerNotFound
            | StatusCode::RegionNotReady
            | StatusCode::RegionBusy
            | StatusCode::RegionReadonly
@@ -281,12 +290,14 @@ pub fn status_to_tonic_code(status_code: StatusCode) -> Code {
        | StatusCode::TableColumnExists
        | StatusCode::RegionAlreadyExists
        | StatusCode::DatabaseAlreadyExists
+        | StatusCode::TriggerAlreadyExists
        | StatusCode::FlowAlreadyExists => Code::AlreadyExists,
        StatusCode::TableNotFound
        | StatusCode::RegionNotFound
        | StatusCode::TableColumnNotFound
        | StatusCode::DatabaseNotFound
        | StatusCode::UserNotFound
+        | StatusCode::TriggerNotFound
        | StatusCode::FlowNotFound => Code::NotFound,
        StatusCode::TableUnavailable
        | StatusCode::StorageUnavailable
--- a/src/common/frontend/src/selector.rs
+++ b/src/common/frontend/src/selector.rs
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.

+use std::fmt::Debug;
 use std::time::Duration;

 use common_grpc::channel_manager::{ChannelConfig, ChannelManager};
@@ -30,7 +31,7 @@ use crate::error::{MetaSnafu, Result};
 pub type FrontendClientPtr = Box<dyn FrontendClient>;

 #[async_trait::async_trait]
-pub trait FrontendClient: Send {
+pub trait FrontendClient: Send + Debug {
    async fn list_process(&mut self, req: ListProcessRequest) -> Result<ListProcessResponse>;

    async fn kill_process(&mut self, req: KillProcessRequest) -> Result<KillProcessResponse>;
--- a/src/common/function/Cargo.toml
+++ b/src/common/function/Cargo.toml
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ common-version.workspace = true
 datafusion.workspace = true
 datafusion-common.workspace = true
 datafusion-expr.workspace = true
+datafusion-functions-aggregate-common.workspace = true
 datatypes.workspace = true
 derive_more = { version = "1", default-features = false, features = ["display"] }
 geo = { version = "0.29", optional = true }
--- a/src/common/function/src/aggrs.rs
+++ b/src/common/function/src/aggrs.rs
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 // limitations under the License.

 pub mod approximate;
+pub mod count_hash;
 #[cfg(feature = "geo")]
 pub mod geo;
 pub mod vector;
--- a/src/common/function/src/aggrs/count_hash.rs
+++ b/src/common/function/src/aggrs/count_hash.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,647 @@
+// Copyright 2023 Greptime Team
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+//! `CountHash` / `count_hash` is a hash-based approximate distinct count function.
+//!
+//! It is a variant of `CountDistinct` that uses a hash function to approximate the
+//! distinct count.
+//! It is designed to be more efficient than `CountDistinct` for large datasets,
+//! but it is not as accurate, as the hash value may be collision.
+
+use std::collections::HashSet;
+use std::fmt::Debug;
+use std::sync::Arc;
+
+use ahash::RandomState;
+use datafusion_common::cast::as_list_array;
+use datafusion_common::error::Result;
+use datafusion_common::hash_utils::create_hashes;
+use datafusion_common::utils::SingleRowListArrayBuilder;
+use datafusion_common::{internal_err, not_impl_err, ScalarValue};
+use datafusion_expr::function::{AccumulatorArgs, StateFieldsArgs};
+use datafusion_expr::utils::{format_state_name, AggregateOrderSensitivity};
+use datafusion_expr::{
+    Accumulator, AggregateUDF, AggregateUDFImpl, EmitTo, GroupsAccumulator, ReversedUDAF,
+    SetMonotonicity, Signature, TypeSignature, Volatility,
+};
+use datafusion_functions_aggregate_common::aggregate::groups_accumulator::nulls::filtered_null_mask;
+use datatypes::arrow;
+use datatypes::arrow::array::{
+    Array, ArrayRef, AsArray, BooleanArray, Int64Array, ListArray, UInt64Array,
+};
+use datatypes::arrow::buffer::{OffsetBuffer, ScalarBuffer};
+use datatypes::arrow::datatypes::{DataType, Field};
+
+use crate::function_registry::FunctionRegistry;
+
+type HashValueType = u64;
+
+// read from /dev/urandom 4047821dc6144e4b2abddf23ad4171126a52eeecd26eff2191cf673b965a7875
+const RANDOM_SEED_0: u64 = 0x4047821dc6144e4b;
+const RANDOM_SEED_1: u64 = 0x2abddf23ad417112;
+const RANDOM_SEED_2: u64 = 0x6a52eeecd26eff21;
+const RANDOM_SEED_3: u64 = 0x91cf673b965a7875;
+
+impl CountHash {
+    pub fn register(registry: &FunctionRegistry) {
+        registry.register_aggr(CountHash::udf_impl());
+    }
+
+    pub fn udf_impl() -> AggregateUDF {
+        AggregateUDF::new_from_impl(CountHash {
+            signature: Signature::one_of(
+                vec![TypeSignature::VariadicAny, TypeSignature::Nullary],
+                Volatility::Immutable,
+            ),
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct CountHash {
+    signature: Signature,
+}
+
+impl AggregateUDFImpl for CountHash {
+    fn as_any(&self) -> &dyn std::any::Any {
+        self
+    }
+
+    fn name(&self) -> &str {
+        "count_hash"
+    }
+
+    fn signature(&self) -> &Signature {
+        &self.signature
+    }
+
+    fn return_type(&self, _arg_types: &[DataType]) -> Result<DataType> {
+        Ok(DataType::Int64)
+    }
+
+    fn is_nullable(&self) -> bool {
+        false
+    }
+
+    fn state_fields(&self, args: StateFieldsArgs) -> Result<Vec<Field>> {
+        Ok(vec![Field::new_list(
+            format_state_name(args.name, "count_hash"),
+            Field::new_list_field(DataType::UInt64, true),
+            // For count_hash accumulator, null list item stands for an
+            // empty value set (i.e., all NULL value so far for that group).
+            true,
+        )])
+    }
+
+    fn accumulator(&self, acc_args: AccumulatorArgs) -> Result<Box<dyn Accumulator>> {
+        if acc_args.exprs.len() > 1 {
+            return not_impl_err!("count_hash with multiple arguments");
+        }
+
+        Ok(Box::new(CountHashAccumulator {
+            values: HashSet::default(),
+            random_state: RandomState::with_seeds(
+                RANDOM_SEED_0,
+                RANDOM_SEED_1,
+                RANDOM_SEED_2,
+                RANDOM_SEED_3,
+            ),
+            batch_hashes: vec![],
+        }))
+    }
+
+    fn aliases(&self) -> &[String] {
+        &[]
+    }
+
+    fn groups_accumulator_supported(&self, _args: AccumulatorArgs) -> bool {
+        true
+    }
+
+    fn create_groups_accumulator(
+        &self,
+        args: AccumulatorArgs,
+    ) -> Result<Box<dyn GroupsAccumulator>> {
+        if args.exprs.len() > 1 {
+            return not_impl_err!("count_hash with multiple arguments");
+        }
+
+        Ok(Box::new(CountHashGroupAccumulator::new()))
+    }
+
+    fn reverse_expr(&self) -> ReversedUDAF {
+        ReversedUDAF::Identical
+    }
+
+    fn order_sensitivity(&self) -> AggregateOrderSensitivity {
+        AggregateOrderSensitivity::Insensitive
+    }
+
+    fn default_value(&self, _data_type: &DataType) -> Result<ScalarValue> {
+        Ok(ScalarValue::Int64(Some(0)))
+    }
+
+    fn set_monotonicity(&self, _data_type: &DataType) -> SetMonotonicity {
+        SetMonotonicity::Increasing
+    }
+}
+
+/// GroupsAccumulator for `count_hash` aggregate function
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct CountHashGroupAccumulator {
+    /// One HashSet per group to track distinct values
+    distinct_sets: Vec<HashSet<HashValueType, RandomState>>,
+    random_state: RandomState,
+    batch_hashes: Vec<HashValueType>,
+}
+
+impl Default for CountHashGroupAccumulator {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self::new()
+    }
+}
+
+impl CountHashGroupAccumulator {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            distinct_sets: vec![],
+            random_state: RandomState::with_seeds(
+                RANDOM_SEED_0,
+                RANDOM_SEED_1,
+                RANDOM_SEED_2,
+                RANDOM_SEED_3,
+            ),
+            batch_hashes: vec![],
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn ensure_sets(&mut self, total_num_groups: usize) {
+        if self.distinct_sets.len() < total_num_groups {
+            self.distinct_sets
+                .resize_with(total_num_groups, HashSet::default);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl GroupsAccumulator for CountHashGroupAccumulator {
+    fn update_batch(
+        &mut self,
+        values: &[ArrayRef],
+        group_indices: &[usize],
+        opt_filter: Option<&BooleanArray>,
+        total_num_groups: usize,
+    ) -> Result<()> {
+        assert_eq!(values.len(), 1, "count_hash expects a single argument");
+        self.ensure_sets(total_num_groups);
+
+        let array = &values[0];
+        self.batch_hashes.clear();
+        self.batch_hashes.resize(array.len(), 0);
+        let hashes = create_hashes(
+            &[ArrayRef::clone(array)],
+            &self.random_state,
+            &mut self.batch_hashes,
+        )?;
+
+        // Use a pattern similar to accumulate_indices to process rows
+        // that are not null and pass the filter
+        let nulls = array.logical_nulls();
+
+        match (nulls.as_ref(), opt_filter) {
+            (None, None) => {
+                // No nulls, no filter - process all rows
+                for (row_idx, &group_idx) in group_indices.iter().enumerate() {
+                    self.distinct_sets[group_idx].insert(hashes[row_idx]);
+                }
+            }
+            (Some(nulls), None) => {
+                // Has nulls, no filter
+                for (row_idx, (&group_idx, is_valid)) in
+                    group_indices.iter().zip(nulls.iter()).enumerate()
+                {
+                    if is_valid {
+                        self.distinct_sets[group_idx].insert(hashes[row_idx]);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            (None, Some(filter)) => {
+                // No nulls, has filter
+                for (row_idx, (&group_idx, filter_value)) in
+                    group_indices.iter().zip(filter.iter()).enumerate()
+                {
+                    if let Some(true) = filter_value {
+                        self.distinct_sets[group_idx].insert(hashes[row_idx]);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            (Some(nulls), Some(filter)) => {
+                // Has nulls and filter
+                let iter = filter
+                    .iter()
+                    .zip(group_indices.iter())
+                    .zip(nulls.iter())
+                    .enumerate();
+
+                for (row_idx, ((filter_value, &group_idx), is_valid)) in iter {
+                    if is_valid && filter_value == Some(true) {
+                        self.distinct_sets[group_idx].insert(hashes[row_idx]);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn evaluate(&mut self, emit_to: EmitTo) -> Result<ArrayRef> {
+        let distinct_sets: Vec<HashSet<u64, RandomState>> =
+            emit_to.take_needed(&mut self.distinct_sets);
+
+        let counts = distinct_sets
+            .iter()
+            .map(|set| set.len() as i64)
+            .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+        Ok(Arc::new(Int64Array::from(counts)))
+    }
+
+    fn merge_batch(
+        &mut self,
+        values: &[ArrayRef],
+        group_indices: &[usize],
+        _opt_filter: Option<&BooleanArray>,
+        total_num_groups: usize,
+    ) -> Result<()> {
+        assert_eq!(
+            values.len(),
+            1,
+            "count_hash merge expects a single state array"
+        );
+        self.ensure_sets(total_num_groups);
+
+        let list_array = as_list_array(&values[0])?;
+
+        // For each group in the incoming batch
+        for (i, &group_idx) in group_indices.iter().enumerate() {
+            if i < list_array.len() {
+                let inner_array = list_array.value(i);
+                let inner_array = inner_array.as_any().downcast_ref::<UInt64Array>().unwrap();
+                // Add each value to our set for this group
+                for j in 0..inner_array.len() {
+                    if !inner_array.is_null(j) {
+                        self.distinct_sets[group_idx].insert(inner_array.value(j));
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn state(&mut self, emit_to: EmitTo) -> Result<Vec<ArrayRef>> {
+        let distinct_sets: Vec<HashSet<u64, RandomState>> =
+            emit_to.take_needed(&mut self.distinct_sets);
+
+        let mut offsets = Vec::with_capacity(distinct_sets.len() + 1);
+        offsets.push(0);
+        let mut curr_len = 0i32;
+
+        let mut value_iter = distinct_sets
+            .into_iter()
+            .flat_map(|set| {
+                // build offset
+                curr_len += set.len() as i32;
+                offsets.push(curr_len);
+                // convert into iter
+                set.into_iter()
+            })
+            .peekable();
+        let data_array: ArrayRef = if value_iter.peek().is_none() {
+            arrow::array::new_empty_array(&DataType::UInt64) as _
+        } else {
+            Arc::new(UInt64Array::from_iter_values(value_iter))
+        };
+        let offset_buffer = OffsetBuffer::new(ScalarBuffer::from(offsets));
+
+        let list_array = ListArray::new(
+            Arc::new(Field::new_list_field(DataType::UInt64, true)),
+            offset_buffer,
+            data_array,
+            None,
+        );
+
+        Ok(vec![Arc::new(list_array) as _])
+    }
+
+    fn convert_to_state(
+        &self,
+        values: &[ArrayRef],
+        opt_filter: Option<&BooleanArray>,
+    ) -> Result<Vec<ArrayRef>> {
+        // For a single hash value per row, create a list array with that value
+        assert_eq!(values.len(), 1, "count_hash expects a single argument");
+        let values = ArrayRef::clone(&values[0]);
+
+        let offsets = OffsetBuffer::new(ScalarBuffer::from_iter(0..values.len() as i32 + 1));
+        let nulls = filtered_null_mask(opt_filter, &values);
+        let list_array = ListArray::new(
+            Arc::new(Field::new_list_field(DataType::UInt64, true)),
+            offsets,
+            values,
+            nulls,
+        );
+
+        Ok(vec![Arc::new(list_array)])
+    }
+
+    fn supports_convert_to_state(&self) -> bool {
+        true
+    }
+
+    fn size(&self) -> usize {
+        // Base size of the struct
+        let mut size = size_of::<Self>();
+
+        // Size of the vector holding the HashSets
+        size += size_of::<Vec<HashSet<HashValueType, RandomState>>>()
+            + self.distinct_sets.capacity() * size_of::<HashSet<HashValueType, RandomState>>();
+
+        // Estimate HashSet contents size more efficiently
+        // Instead of iterating through all values which is expensive, use an approximation
+        for set in &self.distinct_sets {
+            // Base size of the HashSet
+            size += set.capacity() * size_of::<HashValueType>();
+        }
+
+        size
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+struct CountHashAccumulator {
+    values: HashSet<HashValueType, RandomState>,
+    random_state: RandomState,
+    batch_hashes: Vec<HashValueType>,
+}
+
+impl CountHashAccumulator {
+    // calculating the size for fixed length values, taking first batch size *
+    // number of batches.
+    fn fixed_size(&self) -> usize {
+        size_of_val(self) + (size_of::<HashValueType>() * self.values.capacity())
+    }
+}
+
+impl Accumulator for CountHashAccumulator {
+    /// Returns the distinct values seen so far as (one element) ListArray.
+    fn state(&mut self) -> Result<Vec<ScalarValue>> {
+        let values = self.values.iter().cloned().collect::<Vec<_>>();
+        let arr = Arc::new(UInt64Array::from(values)) as _;
+        let list_scalar = SingleRowListArrayBuilder::new(arr).build_list_scalar();
+        Ok(vec![list_scalar])
+    }
+
+    fn update_batch(&mut self, values: &[ArrayRef]) -> Result<()> {
+        if values.is_empty() {
+            return Ok(());
+        }
+
+        let arr = &values[0];
+        if arr.data_type() == &DataType::Null {
+            return Ok(());
+        }
+
+        self.batch_hashes.clear();
+        self.batch_hashes.resize(arr.len(), 0);
+        let hashes = create_hashes(
+            &[ArrayRef::clone(arr)],
+            &self.random_state,
+            &mut self.batch_hashes,
+        )?;
+        for hash in hashes.as_slice() {
+            self.values.insert(*hash);
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Merges multiple sets of distinct values into the current set.
+    ///
+    /// The input to this function is a `ListArray` with **multiple** rows,
+    /// where each row contains the values from a partial aggregate's phase (e.g.
+    /// the result of calling `Self::state` on multiple accumulators).
+    fn merge_batch(&mut self, states: &[ArrayRef]) -> Result<()> {
+        if states.is_empty() {
+            return Ok(());
+        }
+        assert_eq!(states.len(), 1, "array_agg states must be singleton!");
+        let array = &states[0];
+        let list_array = array.as_list::<i32>();
+        for inner_array in list_array.iter() {
+            let Some(inner_array) = inner_array else {
+                return internal_err!(
+                    "Intermediate results of count_hash should always be non null"
+                );
+            };
+            let hash_array = inner_array.as_any().downcast_ref::<UInt64Array>().unwrap();
+            for i in 0..hash_array.len() {
+                self.values.insert(hash_array.value(i));
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn evaluate(&mut self) -> Result<ScalarValue> {
+        Ok(ScalarValue::Int64(Some(self.values.len() as i64)))
+    }
+
+    fn size(&self) -> usize {
+        self.fixed_size()
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use datatypes::arrow::array::{Array, BooleanArray, Int32Array, Int64Array};
+
+    use super::*;
+
+    fn create_test_accumulator() -> CountHashAccumulator {
+        CountHashAccumulator {
+            values: HashSet::default(),
+            random_state: RandomState::with_seeds(
+                RANDOM_SEED_0,
+                RANDOM_SEED_1,
+                RANDOM_SEED_2,
+                RANDOM_SEED_3,
+            ),
+            batch_hashes: vec![],
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_count_hash_accumulator() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut acc = create_test_accumulator();
+
+        // Test with some data
+        let array = Arc::new(Int32Array::from(vec![
+            Some(1),
+            Some(2),
+            Some(3),
+            Some(1),
+            Some(2),
+            None,
+        ])) as ArrayRef;
+        acc.update_batch(&[array])?;
+        let result = acc.evaluate()?;
+        assert_eq!(result, ScalarValue::Int64(Some(4)));
+
+        // Test with empty data
+        let mut acc = create_test_accumulator();
+        let array = Arc::new(Int32Array::from(vec![] as Vec<Option<i32>>)) as ArrayRef;
+        acc.update_batch(&[array])?;
+        let result = acc.evaluate()?;
+        assert_eq!(result, ScalarValue::Int64(Some(0)));
+
+        // Test with only nulls
+        let mut acc = create_test_accumulator();
+        let array = Arc::new(Int32Array::from(vec![None, None, None])) as ArrayRef;
+        acc.update_batch(&[array])?;
+        let result = acc.evaluate()?;
+        assert_eq!(result, ScalarValue::Int64(Some(1)));
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_count_hash_accumulator_merge() -> Result<()> {
+        // Accumulator 1
+        let mut acc1 = create_test_accumulator();
+        let array1 = Arc::new(Int32Array::from(vec![Some(1), Some(2), Some(3)])) as ArrayRef;
+        acc1.update_batch(&[array1])?;
+        let state1 = acc1.state()?;
+
+        // Accumulator 2
+        let mut acc2 = create_test_accumulator();
+        let array2 = Arc::new(Int32Array::from(vec![Some(3), Some(4), Some(5)])) as ArrayRef;
+        acc2.update_batch(&[array2])?;
+        let state2 = acc2.state()?;
+
+        // Merge state1 and state2 into a new accumulator
+        let mut acc_merged = create_test_accumulator();
+        let state_array1 = state1[0].to_array()?;
+        let state_array2 = state2[0].to_array()?;
+
+        acc_merged.merge_batch(&[state_array1])?;
+        acc_merged.merge_batch(&[state_array2])?;
+
+        let result = acc_merged.evaluate()?;
+        // Distinct values are {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, so count is 5
+        assert_eq!(result, ScalarValue::Int64(Some(5)));
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn create_test_group_accumulator() -> CountHashGroupAccumulator {
+        CountHashGroupAccumulator::new()
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_count_hash_group_accumulator() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut acc = create_test_group_accumulator();
+        let values = Arc::new(Int32Array::from(vec![1, 2, 1, 3, 2, 4, 5])) as ArrayRef;
+        let group_indices = vec![0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 2, 0];
+        let total_num_groups = 3;
+
+        acc.update_batch(&[values], &group_indices, None, total_num_groups)?;
+
+        let result_array = acc.evaluate(EmitTo::All)?;
+        let result = result_array.as_any().downcast_ref::<Int64Array>().unwrap();
+
+        // Group 0: {1, 3, 5} -> 3
+        // Group 1: {2} -> 1
+        // Group 2: {4} -> 1
+        assert_eq!(result.value(0), 3);
+        assert_eq!(result.value(1), 1);
+        assert_eq!(result.value(2), 1);
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_count_hash_group_accumulator_with_filter() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut acc = create_test_group_accumulator();
+        let values = Arc::new(Int32Array::from(vec![1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6])) as ArrayRef;
+        let group_indices = vec![0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2];
+        let filter = BooleanArray::from(vec![true, false, true, true, false, true]);
+        let total_num_groups = 3;
+
+        acc.update_batch(&[values], &group_indices, Some(&filter), total_num_groups)?;
+
+        let result_array = acc.evaluate(EmitTo::All)?;
+        let result = result_array.as_any().downcast_ref::<Int64Array>().unwrap();
+
+        // Group 0: {1} (2 is filtered out) -> 1
+        // Group 1: {3, 4} -> 2
+        // Group 2: {6} (5 is filtered out) -> 1
+        assert_eq!(result.value(0), 1);
+        assert_eq!(result.value(1), 2);
+        assert_eq!(result.value(2), 1);
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_count_hash_group_accumulator_merge() -> Result<()> {
+        // Accumulator 1
+        let mut acc1 = create_test_group_accumulator();
+        let values1 = Arc::new(Int32Array::from(vec![1, 2, 3, 4])) as ArrayRef;
+        let group_indices1 = vec![0, 0, 1, 1];
+        acc1.update_batch(&[values1], &group_indices1, None, 2)?;
+        // acc1 state: group 0 -> {1, 2}, group 1 -> {3, 4}
+        let state1 = acc1.state(EmitTo::All)?;
+
+        // Accumulator 2
+        let mut acc2 = create_test_group_accumulator();
+        let values2 = Arc::new(Int32Array::from(vec![5, 6, 1, 3])) as ArrayRef;
+        // Merge into different group indices
+        let group_indices2 = vec![2, 2, 0, 1];
+        acc2.update_batch(&[values2], &group_indices2, None, 3)?;
+        // acc2 state: group 0 -> {1}, group 1 -> {3}, group 2 -> {5, 6}
+
+        // Merge state from acc1 into acc2
+        // We will merge acc1's group 0 into acc2's group 0
+        // and acc1's group 1 into acc2's group 2
+        let merge_group_indices = vec![0, 2];
+        acc2.merge_batch(&state1, &merge_group_indices, None, 3)?;
+
+        let result_array = acc2.evaluate(EmitTo::All)?;
+        let result = result_array.as_any().downcast_ref::<Int64Array>().unwrap();
+
+        // Final state of acc2:
+        // Group 0: {1} U {1, 2} -> {1, 2}, count = 2
+        // Group 1: {3}, count = 1
+        // Group 2: {5, 6} U {3, 4} -> {3, 4, 5, 6}, count = 4
+        assert_eq!(result.value(0), 2);
+        assert_eq!(result.value(1), 1);
+        assert_eq!(result.value(2), 4);
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_size() {
+        let acc = create_test_group_accumulator();
+        // Just test it doesn't crash and returns a value.
+        assert!(acc.size() > 0);
+    }
+}
--- a/src/common/function/src/function_registry.rs
+++ b/src/common/function/src/function_registry.rs
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ use once_cell::sync::Lazy;

 use crate::admin::AdminFunction;
 use crate::aggrs::approximate::ApproximateFunction;
+use crate::aggrs::count_hash::CountHash;
 use crate::aggrs::vector::VectorFunction as VectorAggrFunction;
 use crate::function::{AsyncFunctionRef, Function, FunctionRef};
 use crate::function_factory::ScalarFunctionFactory;
@@ -144,6 +145,9 @@ pub static FUNCTION_REGISTRY: Lazy<Arc<FunctionRegistry>> = Lazy::new(|| {
    // Approximate functions
    ApproximateFunction::register(&function_registry);

+    // CountHash function
+    CountHash::register(&function_registry);
+
    Arc::new(function_registry)
 });

--- a/src/common/function/src/scalars/math.rs
+++ b/src/common/function/src/scalars/math.rs
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@

 pub mod clamp;
 mod modulo;
-mod pow;
 mod rate;

 use std::fmt;
@@ -26,7 +25,6 @@ use datafusion::error::DataFusionError;
 use datafusion::logical_expr::Volatility;
 use datatypes::prelude::ConcreteDataType;
 use datatypes::vectors::VectorRef;
-pub use pow::PowFunction;
 pub use rate::RateFunction;
 use snafu::ResultExt;

@@ -39,7 +37,6 @@ pub(crate) struct MathFunction;
 impl MathFunction {
    pub fn register(registry: &FunctionRegistry) {
        registry.register_scalar(ModuloFunction);
-        registry.register_scalar(PowFunction);
        registry.register_scalar(RateFunction);
        registry.register_scalar(RangeFunction);
        registry.register_scalar(ClampFunction);
--- a/src/common/function/src/scalars/math/pow.rs
+++ b/src/common/function/src/scalars/math/pow.rs
@@ -1,120 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2023 Greptime Team
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-use std::fmt;
-use std::sync::Arc;
-
-use common_query::error::Result;
-use common_query::prelude::{Signature, Volatility};
-use datatypes::data_type::DataType;
-use datatypes::prelude::ConcreteDataType;
-use datatypes::types::LogicalPrimitiveType;
-use datatypes::vectors::VectorRef;
-use datatypes::with_match_primitive_type_id;
-use num::traits::Pow;
-use num_traits::AsPrimitive;
-
-use crate::function::{Function, FunctionContext};
-use crate::scalars::expression::{scalar_binary_op, EvalContext};
-
-#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default)]
-pub struct PowFunction;
-
-impl Function for PowFunction {
-    fn name(&self) -> &str {
-        "pow"
-    }
-
-    fn return_type(&self, _input_types: &[ConcreteDataType]) -> Result<ConcreteDataType> {
-        Ok(ConcreteDataType::float64_datatype())
-    }
-
-    fn signature(&self) -> Signature {
-        Signature::uniform(2, ConcreteDataType::numerics(), Volatility::Immutable)
-    }
-
-    fn eval(&self, _func_ctx: &FunctionContext, columns: &[VectorRef]) -> Result<VectorRef> {
-        with_match_primitive_type_id!(columns[0].data_type().logical_type_id(), |$S| {
-            with_match_primitive_type_id!(columns[1].data_type().logical_type_id(), |$T| {
-                let col = scalar_binary_op::<<$S as LogicalPrimitiveType>::Native, <$T as LogicalPrimitiveType>::Native, f64, _>(&columns[0], &columns[1], scalar_pow, &mut EvalContext::default())?;
-                Ok(Arc::new(col))
-            },{
-                unreachable!()
-            })
-        },{
-            unreachable!()
-        })
-    }
-}
-
-#[inline]
-fn scalar_pow<S, T>(value: Option<S>, base: Option<T>, _ctx: &mut EvalContext) -> Option<f64>
-where
-    S: AsPrimitive<f64>,
-    T: AsPrimitive<f64>,
-{
-    match (value, base) {
-        (Some(value), Some(base)) => Some(value.as_().pow(base.as_())),
-        _ => None,
-    }
-}
-
-impl fmt::Display for PowFunction {
-    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
-        write!(f, "POW")
-    }
-}
-
-#[cfg(test)]
-mod tests {
-    use common_query::prelude::TypeSignature;
-    use datatypes::value::Value;
-    use datatypes::vectors::{Float32Vector, Int8Vector};
-
-    use super::*;
-    use crate::function::FunctionContext;
-    #[test]
-    fn test_pow_function() {
-        let pow = PowFunction;
-
-        assert_eq!("pow", pow.name());
-        assert_eq!(
-            ConcreteDataType::float64_datatype(),
-            pow.return_type(&[]).unwrap()
-        );
-
-        assert!(matches!(pow.signature(),
-                         Signature {
-                             type_signature: TypeSignature::Uniform(2, valid_types),
-                             volatility: Volatility::Immutable
-                         } if  valid_types == ConcreteDataType::numerics()
-        ));
-
-        let values = vec![1.0, 2.0, 3.0];
-        let bases = vec![0i8, -1i8, 3i8];
-
-        let args: Vec<VectorRef> = vec![
-            Arc::new(Float32Vector::from_vec(values.clone())),
-            Arc::new(Int8Vector::from_vec(bases.clone())),
-        ];
-
-        let vector = pow.eval(&FunctionContext::default(), &args).unwrap();
-        assert_eq!(3, vector.len());
-
-        for i in 0..3 {
-            let p: f64 = (values[i] as f64).pow(bases[i] as f64);
-            assert!(matches!(vector.get(i), Value::Float64(v) if v == p));
-        }
-    }
-}
--- a/src/common/meta/src/ddl/test_util/datanode_handler.rs
+++ b/src/common/meta/src/ddl/test_util/datanode_handler.rs
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ impl MockDatanodeHandler for () {
        Ok(RegionResponse {
            affected_rows: 0,
            extensions: Default::default(),
+            metadata: Vec::new(),
        })
    }

--- a/src/common/meta/src/ddl_manager.rs
+++ b/src/common/meta/src/ddl_manager.rs
@@ -50,7 +50,11 @@ use crate::key::{DeserializedValueWithBytes, TableMetadataManagerRef};
 #[cfg(feature = "enterprise")]
 use crate::rpc::ddl::trigger::CreateTriggerTask;
 #[cfg(feature = "enterprise")]
+use crate::rpc::ddl::trigger::DropTriggerTask;
+#[cfg(feature = "enterprise")]
 use crate::rpc::ddl::DdlTask::CreateTrigger;
+#[cfg(feature = "enterprise")]
+use crate::rpc::ddl::DdlTask::DropTrigger;
 use crate::rpc::ddl::DdlTask::{
    AlterDatabase, AlterLogicalTables, AlterTable, CreateDatabase, CreateFlow, CreateLogicalTables,
    CreateTable, CreateView, DropDatabase, DropFlow, DropLogicalTables, DropTable, DropView,
@@ -91,6 +95,14 @@ pub trait TriggerDdlManager: Send + Sync {
        query_context: QueryContext,
    ) -> Result<SubmitDdlTaskResponse>;

+    async fn drop_trigger(
+        &self,
+        drop_trigger_task: DropTriggerTask,
+        procedure_manager: ProcedureManagerRef,
+        ddl_context: DdlContext,
+        query_context: QueryContext,
+    ) -> Result<SubmitDdlTaskResponse>;
+
    fn as_any(&self) -> &dyn std::any::Any;
 }

@@ -125,13 +137,12 @@ impl DdlManager {
        ddl_context: DdlContext,
        procedure_manager: ProcedureManagerRef,
        register_loaders: bool,
-        #[cfg(feature = "enterprise")] trigger_ddl_manager: Option<TriggerDdlManagerRef>,
    ) -> Result<Self> {
        let manager = Self {
            ddl_context,
            procedure_manager,
            #[cfg(feature = "enterprise")]
-            trigger_ddl_manager,
+            trigger_ddl_manager: None,
        };
        if register_loaders {
            manager.register_loaders()?;
@@ -139,6 +150,15 @@ impl DdlManager {
        Ok(manager)
    }

+    #[cfg(feature = "enterprise")]
+    pub fn with_trigger_ddl_manager(
+        mut self,
+        trigger_ddl_manager: Option<TriggerDdlManagerRef>,
+    ) -> Self {
+        self.trigger_ddl_manager = trigger_ddl_manager;
+        self
+    }
+
    /// Returns the [TableMetadataManagerRef].
    pub fn table_metadata_manager(&self) -> &TableMetadataManagerRef {
        &self.ddl_context.table_metadata_manager
@@ -640,6 +660,28 @@ async fn handle_drop_flow_task(
    })
 }

+#[cfg(feature = "enterprise")]
+async fn handle_drop_trigger_task(
+    ddl_manager: &DdlManager,
+    drop_trigger_task: DropTriggerTask,
+    query_context: QueryContext,
+) -> Result<SubmitDdlTaskResponse> {
+    let Some(m) = ddl_manager.trigger_ddl_manager.as_ref() else {
+        return UnsupportedSnafu {
+            operation: "drop trigger",
+        }
+        .fail();
+    };
+
+    m.drop_trigger(
+        drop_trigger_task,
+        ddl_manager.procedure_manager.clone(),
+        ddl_manager.ddl_context.clone(),
+        query_context,
+    )
+    .await
+}
+
 async fn handle_drop_view_task(
    ddl_manager: &DdlManager,
    drop_view_task: DropViewTask,
@@ -827,6 +869,11 @@ impl ProcedureExecutor for DdlManager {
                    handle_create_flow_task(self, create_flow_task, request.query_context.into())
                        .await
                }
+                DropFlow(drop_flow_task) => handle_drop_flow_task(self, drop_flow_task).await,
+                CreateView(create_view_task) => {
+                    handle_create_view_task(self, create_view_task).await
+                }
+                DropView(drop_view_task) => handle_drop_view_task(self, drop_view_task).await,
                #[cfg(feature = "enterprise")]
                CreateTrigger(create_trigger_task) => {
                    handle_create_trigger_task(
@@ -836,11 +883,11 @@ impl ProcedureExecutor for DdlManager {
                    )
                    .await
                }
-                DropFlow(drop_flow_task) => handle_drop_flow_task(self, drop_flow_task).await,
-                CreateView(create_view_task) => {
-                    handle_create_view_task(self, create_view_task).await
+                #[cfg(feature = "enterprise")]
+                DropTrigger(drop_trigger_task) => {
+                    handle_drop_trigger_task(self, drop_trigger_task, request.query_context.into())
+                        .await
                }
-                DropView(drop_view_task) => handle_drop_view_task(self, drop_view_task).await,
            }
        }
        .trace(span)
@@ -948,6 +995,7 @@ mod tests {
            Default::default(),
            state_store,
            poison_manager,
+            None,
        ));

        let _ = DdlManager::try_new(
@@ -964,8 +1012,6 @@ mod tests {
            },
            procedure_manager.clone(),
            true,
-            #[cfg(feature = "enterprise")]
-            None,
        );

        let expected_loaders = vec![
--- a/src/common/meta/src/key.rs
+++ b/src/common/meta/src/key.rs
@@ -100,8 +100,8 @@
 pub mod catalog_name;
 pub mod datanode_table;
 pub mod flow;
-pub mod maintenance;
 pub mod node_address;
+pub mod runtime_switch;
 mod schema_metadata_manager;
 pub mod schema_name;
 pub mod table_info;
@@ -164,7 +164,9 @@ use crate::state_store::PoisonValue;
 use crate::DatanodeId;

 pub const NAME_PATTERN: &str = r"[a-zA-Z_:-][a-zA-Z0-9_:\-\.@#]*";
-pub const MAINTENANCE_KEY: &str = "__maintenance";
+pub const LEGACY_MAINTENANCE_KEY: &str = "__maintenance";
+pub const MAINTENANCE_KEY: &str = "__switches/maintenance";
+pub const PAUSE_PROCEDURE_KEY: &str = "__switches/pause_procedure";

 pub const DATANODE_TABLE_KEY_PREFIX: &str = "__dn_table";
 pub const TABLE_INFO_KEY_PREFIX: &str = "__table_info";
--- a/src/common/meta/src/key/maintenance.rs
+++ b/src/common/meta/src/key/maintenance.rs
@@ -1,86 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2023 Greptime Team
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-use std::sync::Arc;
-
-use crate::error::Result;
-use crate::key::MAINTENANCE_KEY;
-use crate::kv_backend::KvBackendRef;
-use crate::rpc::store::PutRequest;
-
-pub type MaintenanceModeManagerRef = Arc<MaintenanceModeManager>;
-
-/// The maintenance mode manager.
-///
-/// Used to enable or disable maintenance mode.
-#[derive(Clone)]
-pub struct MaintenanceModeManager {
-    kv_backend: KvBackendRef,
-}
-
-impl MaintenanceModeManager {
-    pub fn new(kv_backend: KvBackendRef) -> Self {
-        Self { kv_backend }
-    }
-
-    /// Enables maintenance mode.
-    pub async fn set_maintenance_mode(&self) -> Result<()> {
-        let req = PutRequest {
-            key: Vec::from(MAINTENANCE_KEY),
-            value: vec![],
-            prev_kv: false,
-        };
-        self.kv_backend.put(req).await?;
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    /// Unsets maintenance mode.
-    pub async fn unset_maintenance_mode(&self) -> Result<()> {
-        self.kv_backend
-            .delete(MAINTENANCE_KEY.as_bytes(), false)
-            .await?;
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    /// Returns true if maintenance mode is enabled.
-    pub async fn maintenance_mode(&self) -> Result<bool> {
-        self.kv_backend.exists(MAINTENANCE_KEY.as_bytes()).await
-    }
-}
-
-#[cfg(test)]
-mod tests {
-    use std::sync::Arc;
-
-    use crate::key::maintenance::MaintenanceModeManager;
-    use crate::kv_backend::memory::MemoryKvBackend;
-
-    #[tokio::test]
-    async fn test_maintenance_mode_manager() {
-        let maintenance_mode_manager = Arc::new(MaintenanceModeManager::new(Arc::new(
-            MemoryKvBackend::new(),
-        )));
-        assert!(!maintenance_mode_manager.maintenance_mode().await.unwrap());
-        maintenance_mode_manager
-            .set_maintenance_mode()
-            .await
-            .unwrap();
-        assert!(maintenance_mode_manager.maintenance_mode().await.unwrap());
-        maintenance_mode_manager
-            .unset_maintenance_mode()
-            .await
-            .unwrap();
-        assert!(!maintenance_mode_manager.maintenance_mode().await.unwrap());
-    }
-}
--- a/src/common/meta/src/key/runtime_switch.rs
+++ b/src/common/meta/src/key/runtime_switch.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,224 @@
+// Copyright 2023 Greptime Team
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+use std::sync::Arc;
+use std::time::Duration;
+
+use common_error::ext::BoxedError;
+use common_procedure::local::PauseAware;
+use moka::future::Cache;
+use snafu::ResultExt;
+
+use crate::error::{GetCacheSnafu, Result};
+use crate::key::{LEGACY_MAINTENANCE_KEY, MAINTENANCE_KEY, PAUSE_PROCEDURE_KEY};
+use crate::kv_backend::KvBackendRef;
+use crate::rpc::store::{BatchDeleteRequest, PutRequest};
+
+pub type RuntimeSwitchManagerRef = Arc<RuntimeSwitchManager>;
+
+/// The runtime switch manager.
+///
+/// Used to enable or disable runtime switches.
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct RuntimeSwitchManager {
+    kv_backend: KvBackendRef,
+    cache: Cache<Vec<u8>, Option<Vec<u8>>>,
+}
+
+#[async_trait::async_trait]
+impl PauseAware for RuntimeSwitchManager {
+    async fn is_paused(&self) -> std::result::Result<bool, BoxedError> {
+        self.is_procedure_paused().await.map_err(BoxedError::new)
+    }
+}
+
+const CACHE_TTL: Duration = Duration::from_secs(10);
+const MAX_CAPACITY: u64 = 32;
+
+impl RuntimeSwitchManager {
+    pub fn new(kv_backend: KvBackendRef) -> Self {
+        let cache = Cache::builder()
+            .time_to_live(CACHE_TTL)
+            .max_capacity(MAX_CAPACITY)
+            .build();
+        Self { kv_backend, cache }
+    }
+
+    async fn put_key(&self, key: &str) -> Result<()> {
+        let req = PutRequest {
+            key: Vec::from(key),
+            value: vec![],
+            prev_kv: false,
+        };
+        self.kv_backend.put(req).await?;
+        self.cache.invalidate(key.as_bytes()).await;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    async fn delete_keys(&self, keys: &[&str]) -> Result<()> {
+        let req = BatchDeleteRequest::new()
+            .with_keys(keys.iter().map(|x| x.as_bytes().to_vec()).collect());
+        self.kv_backend.batch_delete(req).await?;
+        for key in keys {
+            self.cache.invalidate(key.as_bytes()).await;
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Returns true if the key exists.
+    async fn exists(&self, key: &str) -> Result<bool> {
+        let key = key.as_bytes().to_vec();
+        let kv_backend = self.kv_backend.clone();
+        let value = self
+            .cache
+            .try_get_with(key.clone(), async move {
+                kv_backend.get(&key).await.map(|v| v.map(|v| v.value))
+            })
+            .await
+            .context(GetCacheSnafu)?;
+
+        Ok(value.is_some())
+    }
+
+    /// Enables maintenance mode.
+    pub async fn set_maintenance_mode(&self) -> Result<()> {
+        self.put_key(MAINTENANCE_KEY).await
+    }
+
+    /// Unsets maintenance mode.
+    pub async fn unset_maintenance_mode(&self) -> Result<()> {
+        self.delete_keys(&[MAINTENANCE_KEY, LEGACY_MAINTENANCE_KEY])
+            .await
+    }
+
+    /// Returns true if maintenance mode is enabled.
+    pub async fn maintenance_mode(&self) -> Result<bool> {
+        let exists = self.exists(MAINTENANCE_KEY).await?;
+        if exists {
+            return Ok(true);
+        }
+
+        let exists = self.exists(LEGACY_MAINTENANCE_KEY).await?;
+        if exists {
+            return Ok(true);
+        }
+
+        Ok(false)
+    }
+
+    // Pauses handling of incoming procedure requests.
+    pub async fn pasue_procedure(&self) -> Result<()> {
+        self.put_key(PAUSE_PROCEDURE_KEY).await
+    }
+
+    /// Resumes processing of incoming procedure requests.
+    pub async fn resume_procedure(&self) -> Result<()> {
+        self.delete_keys(&[PAUSE_PROCEDURE_KEY]).await
+    }
+
+    /// Returns true if the system is currently pausing incoming procedure requests.
+    pub async fn is_procedure_paused(&self) -> Result<bool> {
+        self.exists(PAUSE_PROCEDURE_KEY).await
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use std::sync::Arc;
+
+    use crate::key::runtime_switch::RuntimeSwitchManager;
+    use crate::key::{LEGACY_MAINTENANCE_KEY, MAINTENANCE_KEY};
+    use crate::kv_backend::memory::MemoryKvBackend;
+    use crate::kv_backend::KvBackend;
+    use crate::rpc::store::PutRequest;
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn test_runtime_switch_manager_basic() {
+        let runtime_switch_manager =
+            Arc::new(RuntimeSwitchManager::new(Arc::new(MemoryKvBackend::new())));
+        runtime_switch_manager
+            .put_key(MAINTENANCE_KEY)
+            .await
+            .unwrap();
+        let v = runtime_switch_manager
+            .cache
+            .get(MAINTENANCE_KEY.as_bytes())
+            .await;
+        assert!(v.is_none());
+        runtime_switch_manager
+            .exists(MAINTENANCE_KEY)
+            .await
+            .unwrap();
+        let v = runtime_switch_manager
+            .cache
+            .get(MAINTENANCE_KEY.as_bytes())
+            .await;
+        assert!(v.is_some());
+        runtime_switch_manager
+            .delete_keys(&[MAINTENANCE_KEY])
+            .await
+            .unwrap();
+        let v = runtime_switch_manager
+            .cache
+            .get(MAINTENANCE_KEY.as_bytes())
+            .await;
+        assert!(v.is_none());
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn test_runtime_switch_manager() {
+        let runtime_switch_manager =
+            Arc::new(RuntimeSwitchManager::new(Arc::new(MemoryKvBackend::new())));
+        assert!(!runtime_switch_manager.maintenance_mode().await.unwrap());
+        runtime_switch_manager.set_maintenance_mode().await.unwrap();
+        assert!(runtime_switch_manager.maintenance_mode().await.unwrap());
+        runtime_switch_manager
+            .unset_maintenance_mode()
+            .await
+            .unwrap();
+        assert!(!runtime_switch_manager.maintenance_mode().await.unwrap());
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn test_runtime_switch_manager_with_legacy_key() {
+        let kv_backend = Arc::new(MemoryKvBackend::new());
+        kv_backend
+            .put(PutRequest {
+                key: Vec::from(LEGACY_MAINTENANCE_KEY),
+                value: vec![],
+                prev_kv: false,
+            })
+            .await
+            .unwrap();
+        let runtime_switch_manager = Arc::new(RuntimeSwitchManager::new(kv_backend));
+        assert!(runtime_switch_manager.maintenance_mode().await.unwrap());
+        runtime_switch_manager
+            .unset_maintenance_mode()
+            .await
+            .unwrap();
+        assert!(!runtime_switch_manager.maintenance_mode().await.unwrap());
+        runtime_switch_manager.set_maintenance_mode().await.unwrap();
+        assert!(runtime_switch_manager.maintenance_mode().await.unwrap());
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn test_pasue_procedure() {
+        let runtime_switch_manager =
+            Arc::new(RuntimeSwitchManager::new(Arc::new(MemoryKvBackend::new())));
+        runtime_switch_manager.pasue_procedure().await.unwrap();
+        assert!(runtime_switch_manager.is_procedure_paused().await.unwrap());
+        runtime_switch_manager.resume_procedure().await.unwrap();
+        assert!(!runtime_switch_manager.is_procedure_paused().await.unwrap());
+    }
+}
--- a/src/common/meta/src/key/table_route.rs
+++ b/src/common/meta/src/key/table_route.rs
@@ -48,6 +48,11 @@ impl TableRouteKey {
    pub fn new(table_id: TableId) -> Self {
        Self { table_id }
    }
+
+    /// Returns the range prefix of the table route key.
+    pub fn range_prefix() -> Vec<u8> {
+        format!("{}/", TABLE_ROUTE_PREFIX).into_bytes()
+    }
 }

 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize, Clone)]
--- a/src/common/meta/src/rpc/ddl.rs
+++ b/src/common/meta/src/rpc/ddl.rs
@@ -69,6 +69,8 @@ pub enum DdlTask {
    AlterDatabase(AlterDatabaseTask),
    CreateFlow(CreateFlowTask),
    DropFlow(DropFlowTask),
+    #[cfg(feature = "enterprise")]
+    DropTrigger(trigger::DropTriggerTask),
    CreateView(CreateViewTask),
    DropView(DropViewTask),
    #[cfg(feature = "enterprise")]
@@ -259,6 +261,18 @@ impl TryFrom<Task> for DdlTask {
                    .fail()
                }
            }
+            Task::DropTriggerTask(drop_trigger) => {
+                #[cfg(feature = "enterprise")]
+                return Ok(DdlTask::DropTrigger(drop_trigger.try_into()?));
+                #[cfg(not(feature = "enterprise"))]
+                {
+                    let _ = drop_trigger;
+                    crate::error::UnsupportedSnafu {
+                        operation: "drop trigger",
+                    }
+                    .fail()
+                }
+            }
        }
    }
 }
@@ -311,6 +325,8 @@ impl TryFrom<SubmitDdlTaskRequest> for PbDdlTaskRequest {
            DdlTask::DropView(task) => Task::DropViewTask(task.into()),
            #[cfg(feature = "enterprise")]
            DdlTask::CreateTrigger(task) => Task::CreateTriggerTask(task.into()),
+            #[cfg(feature = "enterprise")]
+            DdlTask::DropTrigger(task) => Task::DropTriggerTask(task.into()),
        };

        Ok(Self {
--- a/src/common/meta/src/rpc/ddl/trigger.rs
+++ b/src/common/meta/src/rpc/ddl/trigger.rs
@@ -1,10 +1,13 @@
 use std::collections::HashMap;
 use std::time::Duration;

-use api::v1::meta::CreateTriggerTask as PbCreateTriggerTask;
+use api::v1::meta::{
+    CreateTriggerTask as PbCreateTriggerTask, DropTriggerTask as PbDropTriggerTask,
+};
 use api::v1::notify_channel::ChannelType as PbChannelType;
 use api::v1::{
-    CreateTriggerExpr, NotifyChannel as PbNotifyChannel, WebhookOptions as PbWebhookOptions,
+    CreateTriggerExpr as PbCreateTriggerExpr, DropTriggerExpr as PbDropTriggerExpr,
+    NotifyChannel as PbNotifyChannel, WebhookOptions as PbWebhookOptions,
 };
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use snafu::OptionExt;
@@ -56,7 +59,7 @@ impl From<CreateTriggerTask> for PbCreateTriggerTask {
            .map(PbNotifyChannel::from)
            .collect();

-        let expr = CreateTriggerExpr {
+        let expr = PbCreateTriggerExpr {
            catalog_name: task.catalog_name,
            trigger_name: task.trigger_name,
            create_if_not_exists: task.if_not_exists,
@@ -139,17 +142,86 @@ impl TryFrom<PbNotifyChannel> for NotifyChannel {
    }
 }

+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct DropTriggerTask {
+    pub catalog_name: String,
+    pub trigger_name: String,
+    pub drop_if_exists: bool,
+}
+
+impl From<DropTriggerTask> for PbDropTriggerTask {
+    fn from(task: DropTriggerTask) -> Self {
+        let expr = PbDropTriggerExpr {
+            catalog_name: task.catalog_name,
+            trigger_name: task.trigger_name,
+            drop_if_exists: task.drop_if_exists,
+        };
+
+        PbDropTriggerTask {
+            drop_trigger: Some(expr),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl TryFrom<PbDropTriggerTask> for DropTriggerTask {
+    type Error = error::Error;
+
+    fn try_from(task: PbDropTriggerTask) -> Result<Self> {
+        let expr = task.drop_trigger.context(error::InvalidProtoMsgSnafu {
+            err_msg: "expected drop_trigger",
+        })?;
+
+        Ok(DropTriggerTask {
+            catalog_name: expr.catalog_name,
+            trigger_name: expr.trigger_name,
+            drop_if_exists: expr.drop_if_exists,
+        })
+    }
+}
+
 impl DdlTask {
    /// Creates a [`DdlTask`] to create a trigger.
    pub fn new_create_trigger(expr: CreateTriggerTask) -> Self {
        DdlTask::CreateTrigger(expr)
    }
+
+    /// Creates a [`DdlTask`] to drop a trigger.
+    pub fn new_drop_trigger(expr: DropTriggerTask) -> Self {
+        DdlTask::DropTrigger(expr)
+    }
 }

 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
    use super::*;

+    #[test]
+    fn test_convert_drop_trigger_task() {
+        let original = DropTriggerTask {
+            catalog_name: "test_catalog".to_string(),
+            trigger_name: "test_trigger".to_string(),
+            drop_if_exists: true,
+        };
+
+        let pb_task: PbDropTriggerTask = original.clone().into();
+
+        let expr = pb_task.drop_trigger.as_ref().unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(expr.catalog_name, "test_catalog");
+        assert_eq!(expr.trigger_name, "test_trigger");
+        assert!(expr.drop_if_exists);
+
+        let round_tripped = DropTriggerTask::try_from(pb_task).unwrap();
+
+        assert_eq!(original.catalog_name, round_tripped.catalog_name);
+        assert_eq!(original.trigger_name, round_tripped.trigger_name);
+        assert_eq!(original.drop_if_exists, round_tripped.drop_if_exists);
+
+        // Test invalid case where drop_trigger is None
+        let invalid_task = PbDropTriggerTask { drop_trigger: None };
+        let result = DropTriggerTask::try_from(invalid_task);
+        assert!(result.is_err());
+    }
+
    #[test]
    fn test_convert_create_trigger_task() {
        let original = CreateTriggerTask {
--- a/src/common/procedure/src/error.rs
+++ b/src/common/procedure/src/error.rs
@@ -28,6 +28,19 @@ use crate::PoisonKey;
 #[snafu(visibility(pub))]
 #[stack_trace_debug]
 pub enum Error {
+    #[snafu(display("Failed to check procedure manager status"))]
+    CheckStatus {
+        source: BoxedError,
+        #[snafu(implicit)]
+        location: Location,
+    },
+
+    #[snafu(display("Manager is pasued"))]
+    ManagerPasued {
+        #[snafu(implicit)]
+        location: Location,
+    },
+
    #[snafu(display(
        "Failed to execute procedure due to external error, clean poisons: {}",
        clean_poisons
@@ -246,7 +259,8 @@ impl ErrorExt for Error {
            | Error::ListState { source, .. }
            | Error::PutPoison { source, .. }
            | Error::DeletePoison { source, .. }
-            | Error::GetPoison { source, .. } => source.status_code(),
+            | Error::GetPoison { source, .. }
+            | Error::CheckStatus { source, .. } => source.status_code(),

            Error::ToJson { .. }
            | Error::DeleteState { .. }
@@ -259,7 +273,8 @@ impl ErrorExt for Error {

            Error::RetryTimesExceeded { .. }
            | Error::RollbackTimesExceeded { .. }
-            | Error::ManagerNotStart { .. } => StatusCode::IllegalState,
+            | Error::ManagerNotStart { .. }
+            | Error::ManagerPasued { .. } => StatusCode::IllegalState,

            Error::RollbackNotSupported { .. } => StatusCode::Unsupported,
            Error::LoaderConflict { .. } | Error::DuplicateProcedure { .. } => {
--- a/src/common/procedure/src/local.rs
+++ b/src/common/procedure/src/local.rs
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ use std::time::{Duration, Instant};

 use async_trait::async_trait;
 use backon::ExponentialBuilder;
+use common_error::ext::BoxedError;
 use common_runtime::{RepeatedTask, TaskFunction};
 use common_telemetry::tracing_context::{FutureExt, TracingContext};
 use common_telemetry::{error, info, tracing};
@@ -30,9 +31,10 @@ use tokio::sync::watch::{self, Receiver, Sender};
 use tokio::sync::{Mutex as TokioMutex, Notify};

 use crate::error::{
-    self, DuplicateProcedureSnafu, Error, LoaderConflictSnafu, ManagerNotStartSnafu,
-    PoisonKeyNotDefinedSnafu, ProcedureNotFoundSnafu, Result, StartRemoveOutdatedMetaTaskSnafu,
-    StopRemoveOutdatedMetaTaskSnafu, TooManyRunningProceduresSnafu,
+    self, CheckStatusSnafu, DuplicateProcedureSnafu, Error, LoaderConflictSnafu,
+    ManagerNotStartSnafu, ManagerPasuedSnafu, PoisonKeyNotDefinedSnafu, ProcedureNotFoundSnafu,
+    Result, StartRemoveOutdatedMetaTaskSnafu, StopRemoveOutdatedMetaTaskSnafu,
+    TooManyRunningProceduresSnafu,
 };
 use crate::local::runner::Runner;
 use crate::procedure::{BoxedProcedureLoader, InitProcedureState, PoisonKeys, ProcedureInfo};
@@ -522,6 +524,14 @@ impl Default for ManagerConfig {
    }
 }

+type PauseAwareRef = Arc<dyn PauseAware>;
+
+#[async_trait]
+pub trait PauseAware: Send + Sync {
+    /// Returns true if the procedure manager is paused.
+    async fn is_paused(&self) -> std::result::Result<bool, BoxedError>;
+}
+
 /// A [ProcedureManager] that maintains procedure states locally.
 pub struct LocalManager {
    manager_ctx: Arc<ManagerContext>,
@@ -531,6 +541,7 @@ pub struct LocalManager {
    /// GC task.
    remove_outdated_meta_task: TokioMutex<Option<RepeatedTask<Error>>>,
    config: ManagerConfig,
+    pause_aware: Option<PauseAwareRef>,
 }

 impl LocalManager {
@@ -539,6 +550,7 @@ impl LocalManager {
        config: ManagerConfig,
        state_store: StateStoreRef,
        poison_store: PoisonStoreRef,
+        pause_aware: Option<PauseAwareRef>,
    ) -> LocalManager {
        let manager_ctx = Arc::new(ManagerContext::new(poison_store));

@@ -549,6 +561,7 @@ impl LocalManager {
            retry_delay: config.retry_delay,
            remove_outdated_meta_task: TokioMutex::new(None),
            config,
+            pause_aware,
        }
    }

@@ -719,6 +732,17 @@ impl LocalManager {
        let loaders = self.manager_ctx.loaders.lock().unwrap();
        loaders.contains_key(name)
    }
+
+    async fn check_status(&self) -> Result<()> {
+        if let Some(pause_aware) = self.pause_aware.as_ref() {
+            ensure!(
+                !pause_aware.is_paused().await.context(CheckStatusSnafu)?,
+                ManagerPasuedSnafu
+            );
+        }
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
 }

 #[async_trait]
@@ -774,6 +798,7 @@ impl ProcedureManager for LocalManager {
            !self.manager_ctx.contains_procedure(procedure_id),
            DuplicateProcedureSnafu { procedure_id }
        );
+        self.check_status().await?;

        self.submit_root(
            procedure.id,
@@ -979,7 +1004,7 @@ mod tests {
        };
        let state_store = Arc::new(ObjectStateStore::new(test_util::new_object_store(&dir)));
        let poison_manager = Arc::new(InMemoryPoisonStore::new());
-        let manager = LocalManager::new(config, state_store, poison_manager);
+        let manager = LocalManager::new(config, state_store, poison_manager, None);
        manager.manager_ctx.start();

        manager
@@ -1004,7 +1029,7 @@ mod tests {
        };
        let state_store = Arc::new(ObjectStateStore::new(object_store.clone()));
        let poison_manager = Arc::new(InMemoryPoisonStore::new());
-        let manager = LocalManager::new(config, state_store, poison_manager);
+        let manager = LocalManager::new(config, state_store, poison_manager, None);
        manager.manager_ctx.start();

        manager
@@ -1058,7 +1083,7 @@ mod tests {
        };
        let state_store = Arc::new(ObjectStateStore::new(test_util::new_object_store(&dir)));
        let poison_manager = Arc::new(InMemoryPoisonStore::new());
-        let manager = LocalManager::new(config, state_store, poison_manager);
+        let manager = LocalManager::new(config, state_store, poison_manager, None);
        manager.manager_ctx.start();

        let procedure_id = ProcedureId::random();
@@ -1110,7 +1135,7 @@ mod tests {
        };
        let state_store = Arc::new(ObjectStateStore::new(test_util::new_object_store(&dir)));
        let poison_manager = Arc::new(InMemoryPoisonStore::new());
-        let manager = LocalManager::new(config, state_store, poison_manager);
+        let manager = LocalManager::new(config, state_store, poison_manager, None);
        manager.manager_ctx.start();

        #[derive(Debug)]
@@ -1191,7 +1216,7 @@ mod tests {
        };
        let state_store = Arc::new(ObjectStateStore::new(test_util::new_object_store(&dir)));
        let poison_manager = Arc::new(InMemoryPoisonStore::new());
-        let manager = LocalManager::new(config, state_store, poison_manager);
+        let manager = LocalManager::new(config, state_store, poison_manager, None);

        let mut procedure = ProcedureToLoad::new("submit");
        procedure.lock_key = LockKey::single_exclusive("test.submit");
@@ -1219,7 +1244,7 @@ mod tests {
        };
        let state_store = Arc::new(ObjectStateStore::new(test_util::new_object_store(&dir)));
        let poison_manager = Arc::new(InMemoryPoisonStore::new());
-        let manager = LocalManager::new(config, state_store, poison_manager);
+        let manager = LocalManager::new(config, state_store, poison_manager, None);

        manager.start().await.unwrap();
        manager.stop().await.unwrap();
@@ -1256,7 +1281,7 @@ mod tests {
        };
        let state_store = Arc::new(ObjectStateStore::new(object_store.clone()));
        let poison_manager = Arc::new(InMemoryPoisonStore::new());
-        let manager = LocalManager::new(config, state_store, poison_manager);
+        let manager = LocalManager::new(config, state_store, poison_manager, None);
        manager.manager_ctx.set_running();

        let mut procedure = ProcedureToLoad::new("submit");
@@ -1338,7 +1363,7 @@ mod tests {
        };
        let state_store = Arc::new(ObjectStateStore::new(test_util::new_object_store(&dir)));
        let poison_manager = Arc::new(InMemoryPoisonStore::new());
-        let manager = LocalManager::new(config, state_store, poison_manager);
+        let manager = LocalManager::new(config, state_store, poison_manager, None);
        manager.manager_ctx.set_running();

        manager
@@ -1463,7 +1488,7 @@ mod tests {
        };
        let state_store = Arc::new(ObjectStateStore::new(object_store.clone()));
        let poison_manager = Arc::new(InMemoryPoisonStore::new());
-        let manager = LocalManager::new(config, state_store, poison_manager);
+        let manager = LocalManager::new(config, state_store, poison_manager, None);
        manager.manager_ctx.start();

        let notify = Arc::new(Notify::new());
--- a/src/common/procedure/src/watcher.rs
+++ b/src/common/procedure/src/watcher.rs
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ mod tests {
        };
        let state_store = Arc::new(ObjectStateStore::new(test_util::new_object_store(&dir)));
        let poison_manager = Arc::new(InMemoryPoisonStore::default());
-        let manager = LocalManager::new(config, state_store, poison_manager);
+        let manager = LocalManager::new(config, state_store, poison_manager, None);
        manager.start().await.unwrap();

        #[derive(Debug)]
--- a/src/common/query/src/lib.rs
+++ b/src/common/query/src/lib.rs
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@

 pub mod columnar_value;
 pub mod error;
-mod function;
+pub mod function;
 pub mod logical_plan;
 pub mod prelude;
 pub mod request;
--- a/src/common/telemetry/Cargo.toml
+++ b/src/common/telemetry/Cargo.toml
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ once_cell.workspace = true
 opentelemetry = { version = "0.21.0", default-features = false, features = [
    "trace",
 ] }
-opentelemetry-otlp = { version = "0.14.0", features = ["tokio"] }
+opentelemetry-otlp = { version = "0.14.0", features = ["tokio", "http-proto", "reqwest-client"] }
 opentelemetry-semantic-conventions = "0.13.0"
 opentelemetry_sdk = { version = "0.21.0", features = ["rt-tokio"] }
 parking_lot.workspace = true
--- a/src/common/telemetry/src/logging.rs
+++ b/src/common/telemetry/src/logging.rs
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ use std::time::Duration;

 use once_cell::sync::{Lazy, OnceCell};
 use opentelemetry::{global, KeyValue};
-use opentelemetry_otlp::WithExportConfig;
+use opentelemetry_otlp::{Protocol, SpanExporterBuilder, WithExportConfig};
 use opentelemetry_sdk::propagation::TraceContextPropagator;
 use opentelemetry_sdk::trace::Sampler;
 use opentelemetry_semantic_conventions::resource;
@@ -36,7 +36,11 @@ use tracing_subscriber::{filter, EnvFilter, Registry};

 use crate::tracing_sampler::{create_sampler, TracingSampleOptions};

-pub const DEFAULT_OTLP_ENDPOINT: &str = "http://localhost:4317";
+/// The default endpoint when use gRPC exporter protocol.
+pub const DEFAULT_OTLP_GRPC_ENDPOINT: &str = "http://localhost:4317";
+
+/// The default endpoint when use HTTP exporter protocol.
+pub const DEFAULT_OTLP_HTTP_ENDPOINT: &str = "http://localhost:4318";

 /// The default logs directory.
 pub const DEFAULT_LOGGING_DIR: &str = "logs";
@@ -67,11 +71,25 @@ pub struct LoggingOptions {
    /// Whether to enable tracing with OTLP. Default is false.
    pub enable_otlp_tracing: bool,

-    /// The endpoint of OTLP. Default is "http://localhost:4317".
+    /// The endpoint of OTLP. Default is "http://localhost:4318".
    pub otlp_endpoint: Option<String>,

    /// The tracing sample ratio.
    pub tracing_sample_ratio: Option<TracingSampleOptions>,
+
+    /// The protocol of OTLP export.
+    pub otlp_export_protocol: Option<OtlpExportProtocol>,
+}
+
+/// The protocol of OTLP export.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, PartialEq)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "snake_case")]
+pub enum OtlpExportProtocol {
+    /// GRPC protocol.
+    Grpc,
+
+    /// HTTP protocol with binary protobuf.
+    Http,
 }

 /// The options of slow query.
@@ -147,6 +165,7 @@ impl Default for LoggingOptions {
            append_stdout: true,
            // Rotation hourly, 24 files per day, keeps info log files of 30 days
            max_log_files: 720,
+            otlp_export_protocol: None,
        }
    }
 }
@@ -388,22 +407,9 @@ pub fn init_global_logging(
                    KeyValue::new(resource::PROCESS_PID, std::process::id().to_string()),
                ]));

-            let exporter = opentelemetry_otlp::new_exporter().tonic().with_endpoint(
-                opts.otlp_endpoint
-                    .as_ref()
-                    .map(|e| {
-                        if e.starts_with("http") {
-                            e.to_string()
-                        } else {
-                            format!("http://{}", e)
-                        }
-                    })
-                    .unwrap_or(DEFAULT_OTLP_ENDPOINT.to_string()),
-            );
-
            let tracer = opentelemetry_otlp::new_pipeline()
                .tracing()
-                .with_exporter(exporter)
+                .with_exporter(build_otlp_exporter(opts))
                .with_trace_config(trace_config)
                .install_batch(opentelemetry_sdk::runtime::Tokio)
                .expect("otlp tracer install failed");
@@ -421,6 +427,42 @@ pub fn init_global_logging(
    guards
 }

+fn build_otlp_exporter(opts: &LoggingOptions) -> SpanExporterBuilder {
+    let protocol = opts
+        .otlp_export_protocol
+        .clone()
+        .unwrap_or(OtlpExportProtocol::Http);
+
+    let endpoint = opts
+        .otlp_endpoint
+        .as_ref()
+        .map(|e| {
+            if e.starts_with("http") {
+                e.to_string()
+            } else {
+                format!("http://{}", e)
+            }
+        })
+        .unwrap_or_else(|| match protocol {
+            OtlpExportProtocol::Grpc => DEFAULT_OTLP_GRPC_ENDPOINT.to_string(),
+            OtlpExportProtocol::Http => DEFAULT_OTLP_HTTP_ENDPOINT.to_string(),
+        });
+
+    match protocol {
+        OtlpExportProtocol::Grpc => SpanExporterBuilder::Tonic(
+            opentelemetry_otlp::new_exporter()
+                .tonic()
+                .with_endpoint(endpoint),
+        ),
+        OtlpExportProtocol::Http => SpanExporterBuilder::Http(
+            opentelemetry_otlp::new_exporter()
+                .http()
+                .with_endpoint(endpoint)
+                .with_protocol(Protocol::HttpBinary),
+        ),
+    }
+}
+
 fn build_slow_query_logger<S>(
    opts: &LoggingOptions,
    slow_query_opts: Option<&SlowQueryOptions>,
--- a/src/datanode/src/alive_keeper.rs
+++ b/src/datanode/src/alive_keeper.rs
@@ -475,7 +475,7 @@ mod test {
    async fn region_alive_keeper() {
        common_telemetry::init_default_ut_logging();
        let mut region_server = mock_region_server();
-        let mut engine_env = TestEnv::with_prefix("region-alive-keeper");
+        let mut engine_env = TestEnv::with_prefix("region-alive-keeper").await;
        let engine = engine_env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;
        let engine = Arc::new(engine);
        region_server.register_engine(engine.clone());
--- a/src/datanode/src/config.rs
+++ b/src/datanode/src/config.rs
@@ -14,10 +14,7 @@

 //! Datanode configurations

-use core::time::Duration;
-
 use common_base::readable_size::ReadableSize;
-use common_base::secrets::{ExposeSecret, SecretString};
 use common_config::{Configurable, DEFAULT_DATA_HOME};
 pub use common_procedure::options::ProcedureConfig;
 use common_telemetry::logging::{LoggingOptions, TracingOptions};
@@ -27,6 +24,7 @@ use file_engine::config::EngineConfig as FileEngineConfig;
 use meta_client::MetaClientOptions;
 use metric_engine::config::EngineConfig as MetricEngineConfig;
 use mito2::config::MitoConfig;
+pub(crate) use object_store::config::ObjectStoreConfig;
 use query::options::QueryOptions;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use servers::export_metrics::ExportMetricsOption;
@@ -36,53 +34,6 @@ use servers::http::HttpOptions;

 pub const DEFAULT_OBJECT_STORE_CACHE_SIZE: ReadableSize = ReadableSize::gb(5);

-/// Object storage config
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize, PartialEq)]
-#[serde(tag = "type")]
-pub enum ObjectStoreConfig {
-    File(FileConfig),
-    S3(S3Config),
-    Oss(OssConfig),
-    Azblob(AzblobConfig),
-    Gcs(GcsConfig),
-}
-
-impl ObjectStoreConfig {
-    /// Returns the object storage type name, such as `S3`, `Oss` etc.
-    pub fn provider_name(&self) -> &'static str {
-        match self {
-            Self::File(_) => "File",
-            Self::S3(_) => "S3",
-            Self::Oss(_) => "Oss",
-            Self::Azblob(_) => "Azblob",
-            Self::Gcs(_) => "Gcs",
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Returns true when it's a remote object storage such as AWS s3 etc.
-    pub fn is_object_storage(&self) -> bool {
-        !matches!(self, Self::File(_))
-    }
-
-    /// Returns the object storage configuration name, return the provider name if it's empty.
-    pub fn config_name(&self) -> &str {
-        let name = match self {
-            // file storage doesn't support name
-            Self::File(_) => self.provider_name(),
-            Self::S3(s3) => &s3.name,
-            Self::Oss(oss) => &oss.name,
-            Self::Azblob(az) => &az.name,
-            Self::Gcs(gcs) => &gcs.name,
-        };
-
-        if name.trim().is_empty() {
-            return self.provider_name();
-        }
-
-        name
-    }
-}
-
 /// Storage engine config
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize, PartialEq)]
 #[serde(default)]
@@ -112,252 +63,6 @@ impl Default for StorageConfig {
    }
 }

-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Default, Deserialize, Eq, PartialEq)]
-#[serde(default)]
-pub struct FileConfig {}
-
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize, Default, PartialEq)]
-#[serde(default)]
-pub struct ObjectStorageCacheConfig {
-    /// The local file cache directory
-    pub cache_path: Option<String>,
-    /// The cache capacity in bytes
-    pub cache_capacity: Option<ReadableSize>,
-}
-
-/// The http client options to the storage.
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize, PartialEq)]
-#[serde(default)]
-pub struct HttpClientConfig {
-    /// The maximum idle connection per host allowed in the pool.
-    pub(crate) pool_max_idle_per_host: u32,
-
-    /// The timeout for only the connect phase of a http client.
-    #[serde(with = "humantime_serde")]
-    pub(crate) connect_timeout: Duration,
-
-    /// The total request timeout, applied from when the request starts connecting until the response body has finished.
-    /// Also considered a total deadline.
-    #[serde(with = "humantime_serde")]
-    pub(crate) timeout: Duration,
-
-    /// The timeout for idle sockets being kept-alive.
-    #[serde(with = "humantime_serde")]
-    pub(crate) pool_idle_timeout: Duration,
-
-    /// Skip SSL certificate validation (insecure)
-    pub skip_ssl_validation: bool,
-}
-
-impl Default for HttpClientConfig {
-    fn default() -> Self {
-        Self {
-            pool_max_idle_per_host: 1024,
-            connect_timeout: Duration::from_secs(30),
-            timeout: Duration::from_secs(30),
-            pool_idle_timeout: Duration::from_secs(90),
-            skip_ssl_validation: false,
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-#[serde(default)]
-pub struct S3Config {
-    pub name: String,
-    pub bucket: String,
-    pub root: String,
-    #[serde(skip_serializing)]
-    pub access_key_id: SecretString,
-    #[serde(skip_serializing)]
-    pub secret_access_key: SecretString,
-    pub endpoint: Option<String>,
-    pub region: Option<String>,
-    /// Enable virtual host style so that opendal will send API requests in virtual host style instead of path style.
-    /// By default, opendal will send API to https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/bucket_name
-    /// Enabled, opendal will send API to https://bucket_name.s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com
-    pub enable_virtual_host_style: bool,
-    #[serde(flatten)]
-    pub cache: ObjectStorageCacheConfig,
-    pub http_client: HttpClientConfig,
-}
-
-impl PartialEq for S3Config {
-    fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
-        self.name == other.name
-            && self.bucket == other.bucket
-            && self.root == other.root
-            && self.access_key_id.expose_secret() == other.access_key_id.expose_secret()
-            && self.secret_access_key.expose_secret() == other.secret_access_key.expose_secret()
-            && self.endpoint == other.endpoint
-            && self.region == other.region
-            && self.enable_virtual_host_style == other.enable_virtual_host_style
-            && self.cache == other.cache
-            && self.http_client == other.http_client
-    }
-}
-
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-#[serde(default)]
-pub struct OssConfig {
-    pub name: String,
-    pub bucket: String,
-    pub root: String,
-    #[serde(skip_serializing)]
-    pub access_key_id: SecretString,
-    #[serde(skip_serializing)]
-    pub access_key_secret: SecretString,
-    pub endpoint: String,
-    #[serde(flatten)]
-    pub cache: ObjectStorageCacheConfig,
-    pub http_client: HttpClientConfig,
-}
-
-impl PartialEq for OssConfig {
-    fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
-        self.name == other.name
-            && self.bucket == other.bucket
-            && self.root == other.root
-            && self.access_key_id.expose_secret() == other.access_key_id.expose_secret()
-            && self.access_key_secret.expose_secret() == other.access_key_secret.expose_secret()
-            && self.endpoint == other.endpoint
-            && self.cache == other.cache
-            && self.http_client == other.http_client
-    }
-}
-
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-#[serde(default)]
-pub struct AzblobConfig {
-    pub name: String,
-    pub container: String,
-    pub root: String,
-    #[serde(skip_serializing)]
-    pub account_name: SecretString,
-    #[serde(skip_serializing)]
-    pub account_key: SecretString,
-    pub endpoint: String,
-    pub sas_token: Option<String>,
-    #[serde(flatten)]
-    pub cache: ObjectStorageCacheConfig,
-    pub http_client: HttpClientConfig,
-}
-
-impl PartialEq for AzblobConfig {
-    fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
-        self.name == other.name
-            && self.container == other.container
-            && self.root == other.root
-            && self.account_name.expose_secret() == other.account_name.expose_secret()
-            && self.account_key.expose_secret() == other.account_key.expose_secret()
-            && self.endpoint == other.endpoint
-            && self.sas_token == other.sas_token
-            && self.cache == other.cache
-            && self.http_client == other.http_client
-    }
-}
-
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-#[serde(default)]
-pub struct GcsConfig {
-    pub name: String,
-    pub root: String,
-    pub bucket: String,
-    pub scope: String,
-    #[serde(skip_serializing)]
-    pub credential_path: SecretString,
-    #[serde(skip_serializing)]
-    pub credential: SecretString,
-    pub endpoint: String,
-    #[serde(flatten)]
-    pub cache: ObjectStorageCacheConfig,
-    pub http_client: HttpClientConfig,
-}
-
-impl PartialEq for GcsConfig {
-    fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
-        self.name == other.name
-            && self.root == other.root
-            && self.bucket == other.bucket
-            && self.scope == other.scope
-            && self.credential_path.expose_secret() == other.credential_path.expose_secret()
-            && self.credential.expose_secret() == other.credential.expose_secret()
-            && self.endpoint == other.endpoint
-            && self.cache == other.cache
-            && self.http_client == other.http_client
-    }
-}
-
-impl Default for S3Config {
-    fn default() -> Self {
-        Self {
-            name: String::default(),
-            bucket: String::default(),
-            root: String::default(),
-            access_key_id: SecretString::from(String::default()),
-            secret_access_key: SecretString::from(String::default()),
-            enable_virtual_host_style: false,
-            endpoint: Option::default(),
-            region: Option::default(),
-            cache: ObjectStorageCacheConfig::default(),
-            http_client: HttpClientConfig::default(),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl Default for OssConfig {
-    fn default() -> Self {
-        Self {
-            name: String::default(),
-            bucket: String::default(),
-            root: String::default(),
-            access_key_id: SecretString::from(String::default()),
-            access_key_secret: SecretString::from(String::default()),
-            endpoint: String::default(),
-            cache: ObjectStorageCacheConfig::default(),
-            http_client: HttpClientConfig::default(),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl Default for AzblobConfig {
-    fn default() -> Self {
-        Self {
-            name: String::default(),
-            container: String::default(),
-            root: String::default(),
-            account_name: SecretString::from(String::default()),
-            account_key: SecretString::from(String::default()),
-            endpoint: String::default(),
-            sas_token: Option::default(),
-            cache: ObjectStorageCacheConfig::default(),
-            http_client: HttpClientConfig::default(),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl Default for GcsConfig {
-    fn default() -> Self {
-        Self {
-            name: String::default(),
-            root: String::default(),
-            bucket: String::default(),
-            scope: String::default(),
-            credential_path: SecretString::from(String::default()),
-            credential: SecretString::from(String::default()),
-            endpoint: String::default(),
-            cache: ObjectStorageCacheConfig::default(),
-            http_client: HttpClientConfig::default(),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl Default for ObjectStoreConfig {
-    fn default() -> Self {
-        ObjectStoreConfig::File(FileConfig {})
-    }
-}
-
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, PartialEq)]
 #[serde(default)]
 pub struct DatanodeOptions {
@@ -467,37 +172,6 @@ mod tests {
        let _parsed: DatanodeOptions = toml::from_str(&toml_string).unwrap();
    }

-    #[test]
-    fn test_config_name() {
-        let object_store_config = ObjectStoreConfig::default();
-        assert_eq!("File", object_store_config.config_name());
-
-        let s3_config = ObjectStoreConfig::S3(S3Config::default());
-        assert_eq!("S3", s3_config.config_name());
-        assert_eq!("S3", s3_config.provider_name());
-
-        let s3_config = ObjectStoreConfig::S3(S3Config {
-            name: "test".to_string(),
-            ..Default::default()
-        });
-        assert_eq!("test", s3_config.config_name());
-        assert_eq!("S3", s3_config.provider_name());
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_is_object_storage() {
-        let store = ObjectStoreConfig::default();
-        assert!(!store.is_object_storage());
-        let s3_config = ObjectStoreConfig::S3(S3Config::default());
-        assert!(s3_config.is_object_storage());
-        let oss_config = ObjectStoreConfig::Oss(OssConfig::default());
-        assert!(oss_config.is_object_storage());
-        let gcs_config = ObjectStoreConfig::Gcs(GcsConfig::default());
-        assert!(gcs_config.is_object_storage());
-        let azblob_config = ObjectStoreConfig::Azblob(AzblobConfig::default());
-        assert!(azblob_config.is_object_storage());
-    }
-
    #[test]
    fn test_secstr() {
        let toml_str = r#"
--- a/src/datanode/src/error.rs
+++ b/src/datanode/src/error.rs
@@ -142,14 +142,6 @@ pub enum Error {
        source: Box<log_store::error::Error>,
    },

-    #[snafu(display("Failed to init backend"))]
-    InitBackend {
-        #[snafu(source)]
-        error: object_store::Error,
-        #[snafu(implicit)]
-        location: Location,
-    },
-
    #[snafu(display("Invalid SQL, error: {}", msg))]
    InvalidSql { msg: String },

@@ -387,6 +379,29 @@ pub enum Error {
        #[snafu(implicit)]
        location: Location,
    },
+
+    #[snafu(display("Failed to serialize json"))]
+    SerializeJson {
+        #[snafu(source)]
+        error: serde_json::Error,
+        #[snafu(implicit)]
+        location: Location,
+    },
+
+    #[snafu(display("Failed object store operation"))]
+    ObjectStore {
+        source: object_store::error::Error,
+        #[snafu(implicit)]
+        location: Location,
+    },
+
+    #[snafu(display("Failed to build cache store"))]
+    BuildCacheStore {
+        #[snafu(source)]
+        error: object_store::Error,
+        #[snafu(implicit)]
+        location: Location,
+    },
 }

 pub type Result<T> = std::result::Result<T, Error>;
@@ -439,8 +454,6 @@ impl ErrorExt for Error {

            StartServer { source, .. } | ShutdownServer { source, .. } => source.status_code(),

-            InitBackend { .. } => StatusCode::StorageUnavailable,
-
            OpenLogStore { source, .. } => source.status_code(),
            MetaClientInit { source, .. } => source.status_code(),
            UnsupportedOutput { .. } => StatusCode::Unsupported,
@@ -457,6 +470,10 @@ impl ErrorExt for Error {
                StatusCode::RegionBusy
            }
            MissingCache { .. } => StatusCode::Internal,
+            SerializeJson { .. } => StatusCode::Internal,
+
+            ObjectStore { source, .. } => source.status_code(),
+            BuildCacheStore { .. } => StatusCode::StorageUnavailable,
        }
    }

--- a/src/datanode/src/heartbeat/handler.rs
+++ b/src/datanode/src/heartbeat/handler.rs
@@ -278,7 +278,7 @@ mod tests {
        let mut region_server = mock_region_server();
        let heartbeat_handler = RegionHeartbeatResponseHandler::new(region_server.clone());

-        let mut engine_env = TestEnv::with_prefix("close-region");
+        let mut engine_env = TestEnv::with_prefix("close-region").await;
        let engine = engine_env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;
        region_server.register_engine(Arc::new(engine));
        let region_id = RegionId::new(1024, 1);
@@ -326,7 +326,7 @@ mod tests {
        let mut region_server = mock_region_server();
        let heartbeat_handler = RegionHeartbeatResponseHandler::new(region_server.clone());

-        let mut engine_env = TestEnv::with_prefix("open-region");
+        let mut engine_env = TestEnv::with_prefix("open-region").await;
        let engine = engine_env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;
        region_server.register_engine(Arc::new(engine));
        let region_id = RegionId::new(1024, 1);
@@ -374,7 +374,7 @@ mod tests {
        let mut region_server = mock_region_server();
        let heartbeat_handler = RegionHeartbeatResponseHandler::new(region_server.clone());

-        let mut engine_env = TestEnv::with_prefix("open-not-exists-region");
+        let mut engine_env = TestEnv::with_prefix("open-not-exists-region").await;
        let engine = engine_env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;
        region_server.register_engine(Arc::new(engine));
        let region_id = RegionId::new(1024, 1);
@@ -406,7 +406,7 @@ mod tests {
        let mut region_server = mock_region_server();
        let heartbeat_handler = RegionHeartbeatResponseHandler::new(region_server.clone());

-        let mut engine_env = TestEnv::with_prefix("downgrade-region");
+        let mut engine_env = TestEnv::with_prefix("downgrade-region").await;
        let engine = engine_env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;
        region_server.register_engine(Arc::new(engine));
        let region_id = RegionId::new(1024, 1);
--- a/src/datanode/src/region_server.rs
+++ b/src/datanode/src/region_server.rs
@@ -20,12 +20,14 @@ use std::time::Duration;

 use api::region::RegionResponse;
 use api::v1::region::sync_request::ManifestInfo;
-use api::v1::region::{region_request, RegionResponse as RegionResponseV1, SyncRequest};
+use api::v1::region::{
+    region_request, ListMetadataRequest, RegionResponse as RegionResponseV1, SyncRequest,
+};
 use api::v1::{ResponseHeader, Status};
 use arrow_flight::{FlightData, Ticket};
 use async_trait::async_trait;
 use bytes::Bytes;
-use common_error::ext::BoxedError;
+use common_error::ext::{BoxedError, ErrorExt};
 use common_error::status_code::StatusCode;
 use common_query::request::QueryRequest;
 use common_query::OutputData;
@@ -47,6 +49,7 @@ pub use query::dummy_catalog::{
    DummyCatalogList, DummyTableProviderFactory, TableProviderFactoryRef,
 };
 use query::QueryEngineRef;
+use serde_json;
 use servers::error::{self as servers_error, ExecuteGrpcRequestSnafu, Result as ServerResult};
 use servers::grpc::flight::{FlightCraft, FlightRecordBatchStream, TonicStream};
 use servers::grpc::region_server::RegionServerHandler;
@@ -71,10 +74,10 @@ use tonic::{Request, Response, Result as TonicResult};
 use crate::error::{
    self, BuildRegionRequestsSnafu, ConcurrentQueryLimiterClosedSnafu,
    ConcurrentQueryLimiterTimeoutSnafu, DataFusionSnafu, DecodeLogicalPlanSnafu,
-    ExecuteLogicalPlanSnafu, FindLogicalRegionsSnafu, HandleBatchDdlRequestSnafu,
-    HandleBatchOpenRequestSnafu, HandleRegionRequestSnafu, NewPlanDecoderSnafu,
-    RegionEngineNotFoundSnafu, RegionNotFoundSnafu, RegionNotReadySnafu, Result,
-    StopRegionEngineSnafu, UnexpectedSnafu, UnsupportedOutputSnafu,
+    ExecuteLogicalPlanSnafu, FindLogicalRegionsSnafu, GetRegionMetadataSnafu,
+    HandleBatchDdlRequestSnafu, HandleBatchOpenRequestSnafu, HandleRegionRequestSnafu,
+    NewPlanDecoderSnafu, RegionEngineNotFoundSnafu, RegionNotFoundSnafu, RegionNotReadySnafu,
+    Result, SerializeJsonSnafu, StopRegionEngineSnafu, UnexpectedSnafu, UnsupportedOutputSnafu,
 };
 use crate::event_listener::RegionServerEventListenerRef;

@@ -138,12 +141,12 @@ impl RegionServer {

    /// Finds the region's engine by its id. If the region is not ready, returns `None`.
    pub fn find_engine(&self, region_id: RegionId) -> Result<Option<RegionEngineRef>> {
-        self.inner
-            .get_engine(region_id, &RegionChange::None)
-            .map(|x| match x {
-                CurrentEngine::Engine(engine) => Some(engine),
-                CurrentEngine::EarlyReturn(_) => None,
-            })
+        match self.inner.get_engine(region_id, &RegionChange::None) {
+            Ok(CurrentEngine::Engine(engine)) => Ok(Some(engine)),
+            Ok(CurrentEngine::EarlyReturn(_)) => Ok(None),
+            Err(error::Error::RegionNotFound { .. }) => Ok(None),
+            Err(err) => Err(err),
+        }
    }

    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all)]
@@ -412,6 +415,7 @@ impl RegionServer {
        Ok(RegionResponse {
            affected_rows,
            extensions,
+            metadata: Vec::new(),
        })
    }

@@ -441,6 +445,7 @@ impl RegionServer {
        Ok(RegionResponse {
            affected_rows,
            extensions,
+            metadata: Vec::new(),
        })
    }

@@ -473,6 +478,48 @@ impl RegionServer {
            .map(|_| RegionResponse::new(AffectedRows::default()))
    }

+    /// Handles the ListMetadata request and retrieves metadata for specified regions.
+    ///
+    /// Returns the results as a JSON-serialized list in the [RegionResponse]. It serializes
+    /// non-existing regions as `null`.
+    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all)]
+    async fn handle_list_metadata_request(
+        &self,
+        request: &ListMetadataRequest,
+    ) -> Result<RegionResponse> {
+        let mut region_metadatas = Vec::new();
+        // Collect metadata for each region
+        for region_id in &request.region_ids {
+            let region_id = RegionId::from_u64(*region_id);
+            // Get the engine.
+            let Some(engine) = self.find_engine(region_id)? else {
+                region_metadatas.push(None);
+                continue;
+            };
+
+            match engine.get_metadata(region_id).await {
+                Ok(metadata) => region_metadatas.push(Some(metadata)),
+                Err(err) => {
+                    if err.status_code() == StatusCode::RegionNotFound {
+                        region_metadatas.push(None);
+                    } else {
+                        Err(err).with_context(|_| GetRegionMetadataSnafu {
+                            engine: engine.name(),
+                            region_id,
+                        })?;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Serialize metadata to JSON
+        let json_result = serde_json::to_vec(&region_metadatas).context(SerializeJsonSnafu)?;
+
+        let response = RegionResponse::from_metadata(json_result);
+
+        Ok(response)
+    }
+
    /// Sync region manifest and registers new opened logical regions.
    pub async fn sync_region(
        &self,
@@ -504,6 +551,10 @@ impl RegionServerHandler for RegionServer {
            region_request::Body::Sync(sync_request) => {
                self.handle_sync_region_request(sync_request).await
            }
+            region_request::Body::ListMetadata(list_metadata_request) => {
+                self.handle_list_metadata_request(list_metadata_request)
+                    .await
+            }
            _ => self.handle_requests_in_serial(request).await,
        }
        .map_err(BoxedError::new)
@@ -518,6 +569,7 @@ impl RegionServerHandler for RegionServer {
            }),
            affected_rows: response.affected_rows as _,
            extensions: response.extensions,
+            metadata: response.metadata,
        })
    }
 }
@@ -897,6 +949,7 @@ impl RegionServerInner {
                Ok(RegionResponse {
                    affected_rows: result.affected_rows,
                    extensions: result.extensions,
+                    metadata: Vec::new(),
                })
            }
            Err(err) => {
@@ -967,6 +1020,7 @@ impl RegionServerInner {
                Ok(RegionResponse {
                    affected_rows: result.affected_rows,
                    extensions: result.extensions,
+                    metadata: Vec::new(),
                })
            }
            Err(err) => {
@@ -1242,8 +1296,11 @@ mod tests {

    use std::assert_matches::assert_matches;

+    use api::v1::SemanticType;
    use common_error::ext::ErrorExt;
+    use datatypes::prelude::ConcreteDataType;
    use mito2::test_util::CreateRequestBuilder;
+    use store_api::metadata::{ColumnMetadata, RegionMetadata, RegionMetadataBuilder};
    use store_api::region_engine::RegionEngine;
    use store_api::region_request::{RegionDropRequest, RegionOpenRequest, RegionTruncateRequest};
    use store_api::storage::RegionId;
@@ -1605,4 +1662,175 @@ mod tests {
        let forth_query = p.acquire().await;
        assert!(forth_query.is_ok());
    }
+
+    fn mock_region_metadata(region_id: RegionId) -> RegionMetadata {
+        let mut metadata_builder = RegionMetadataBuilder::new(region_id);
+        metadata_builder.push_column_metadata(ColumnMetadata {
+            column_schema: datatypes::schema::ColumnSchema::new(
+                "timestamp",
+                ConcreteDataType::timestamp_nanosecond_datatype(),
+                false,
+            ),
+            semantic_type: SemanticType::Timestamp,
+            column_id: 0,
+        });
+        metadata_builder.push_column_metadata(ColumnMetadata {
+            column_schema: datatypes::schema::ColumnSchema::new(
+                "file",
+                ConcreteDataType::string_datatype(),
+                true,
+            ),
+            semantic_type: SemanticType::Tag,
+            column_id: 1,
+        });
+        metadata_builder.push_column_metadata(ColumnMetadata {
+            column_schema: datatypes::schema::ColumnSchema::new(
+                "message",
+                ConcreteDataType::string_datatype(),
+                true,
+            ),
+            semantic_type: SemanticType::Field,
+            column_id: 2,
+        });
+        metadata_builder.primary_key(vec![1]);
+        metadata_builder.build().unwrap()
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn test_handle_list_metadata_request() {
+        common_telemetry::init_default_ut_logging();
+
+        let mut mock_region_server = mock_region_server();
+        let region_id_1 = RegionId::new(1, 0);
+        let region_id_2 = RegionId::new(2, 0);
+
+        let metadata_1 = mock_region_metadata(region_id_1);
+        let metadata_2 = mock_region_metadata(region_id_2);
+        let metadatas = vec![Some(metadata_1.clone()), Some(metadata_2.clone())];
+
+        let metadata_1 = Arc::new(metadata_1);
+        let metadata_2 = Arc::new(metadata_2);
+        let (engine, _) = MockRegionEngine::with_metadata_mock_fn(
+            MITO_ENGINE_NAME,
+            Box::new(move |region_id| {
+                if region_id == region_id_1 {
+                    Ok(metadata_1.clone())
+                } else if region_id == region_id_2 {
+                    Ok(metadata_2.clone())
+                } else {
+                    error::RegionNotFoundSnafu { region_id }.fail()
+                }
+            }),
+        );
+
+        mock_region_server.register_engine(engine.clone());
+        mock_region_server
+            .inner
+            .region_map
+            .insert(region_id_1, RegionEngineWithStatus::Ready(engine.clone()));
+        mock_region_server
+            .inner
+            .region_map
+            .insert(region_id_2, RegionEngineWithStatus::Ready(engine.clone()));
+
+        // All regions exist.
+        let list_metadata_request = ListMetadataRequest {
+            region_ids: vec![region_id_1.as_u64(), region_id_2.as_u64()],
+        };
+        let response = mock_region_server
+            .handle_list_metadata_request(&list_metadata_request)
+            .await
+            .unwrap();
+        let decoded_metadata: Vec<Option<RegionMetadata>> =
+            serde_json::from_slice(&response.metadata).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(metadatas, decoded_metadata);
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn test_handle_list_metadata_not_found() {
+        common_telemetry::init_default_ut_logging();
+
+        let mut mock_region_server = mock_region_server();
+        let region_id_1 = RegionId::new(1, 0);
+        let region_id_2 = RegionId::new(2, 0);
+
+        let metadata_1 = mock_region_metadata(region_id_1);
+        let metadatas = vec![Some(metadata_1.clone()), None];
+
+        let metadata_1 = Arc::new(metadata_1);
+        let (engine, _) = MockRegionEngine::with_metadata_mock_fn(
+            MITO_ENGINE_NAME,
+            Box::new(move |region_id| {
+                if region_id == region_id_1 {
+                    Ok(metadata_1.clone())
+                } else {
+                    error::RegionNotFoundSnafu { region_id }.fail()
+                }
+            }),
+        );
+
+        mock_region_server.register_engine(engine.clone());
+        mock_region_server
+            .inner
+            .region_map
+            .insert(region_id_1, RegionEngineWithStatus::Ready(engine.clone()));
+
+        // Not in region map.
+        let list_metadata_request = ListMetadataRequest {
+            region_ids: vec![region_id_1.as_u64(), region_id_2.as_u64()],
+        };
+        let response = mock_region_server
+            .handle_list_metadata_request(&list_metadata_request)
+            .await
+            .unwrap();
+        let decoded_metadata: Vec<Option<RegionMetadata>> =
+            serde_json::from_slice(&response.metadata).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(metadatas, decoded_metadata);
+
+        // Not in region engine.
+        mock_region_server
+            .inner
+            .region_map
+            .insert(region_id_2, RegionEngineWithStatus::Ready(engine.clone()));
+        let response = mock_region_server
+            .handle_list_metadata_request(&list_metadata_request)
+            .await
+            .unwrap();
+        let decoded_metadata: Vec<Option<RegionMetadata>> =
+            serde_json::from_slice(&response.metadata).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(metadatas, decoded_metadata);
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn test_handle_list_metadata_failed() {
+        common_telemetry::init_default_ut_logging();
+
+        let mut mock_region_server = mock_region_server();
+        let region_id_1 = RegionId::new(1, 0);
+
+        let (engine, _) = MockRegionEngine::with_metadata_mock_fn(
+            MITO_ENGINE_NAME,
+            Box::new(move |region_id| {
+                error::UnexpectedSnafu {
+                    violated: format!("Failed to get region {region_id}"),
+                }
+                .fail()
+            }),
+        );
+
+        mock_region_server.register_engine(engine.clone());
+        mock_region_server
+            .inner
+            .region_map
+            .insert(region_id_1, RegionEngineWithStatus::Ready(engine.clone()));
+
+        // Failed to get.
+        let list_metadata_request = ListMetadataRequest {
+            region_ids: vec![region_id_1.as_u64()],
+        };
+        mock_region_server
+            .handle_list_metadata_request(&list_metadata_request)
+            .await
+            .unwrap_err();
+    }
 }
--- a/src/datanode/src/store.rs
+++ b/src/datanode/src/store.rs
@@ -14,45 +14,22 @@

 //! object storage utilities

-mod azblob;
-pub mod fs;
-mod gcs;
-mod oss;
-mod s3;
-use std::path;
 use std::path::Path;
 use std::sync::Arc;
 use std::time::Duration;

 use common_telemetry::{info, warn};
-use mito2::access_layer::{ATOMIC_WRITE_DIR, OLD_ATOMIC_WRITE_DIR};
+use object_store::factory::new_raw_object_store;
 use object_store::layers::{LruCacheLayer, RetryInterceptor, RetryLayer};
 use object_store::services::Fs;
-use object_store::util::{join_dir, normalize_dir, with_instrument_layers};
-use object_store::{Access, Error, HttpClient, ObjectStore, ObjectStoreBuilder};
+use object_store::util::{clean_temp_dir, join_dir, with_instrument_layers};
+use object_store::{
+    Access, Error, ObjectStore, ObjectStoreBuilder, ATOMIC_WRITE_DIR, OLD_ATOMIC_WRITE_DIR,
+};
 use snafu::prelude::*;

-use crate::config::{HttpClientConfig, ObjectStoreConfig, DEFAULT_OBJECT_STORE_CACHE_SIZE};
-use crate::error::{self, BuildHttpClientSnafu, CreateDirSnafu, Result};
-
-pub(crate) async fn new_raw_object_store(
-    store: &ObjectStoreConfig,
-    data_home: &str,
-) -> Result<ObjectStore> {
-    let data_home = normalize_dir(data_home);
-    let object_store = match store {
-        ObjectStoreConfig::File(file_config) => {
-            fs::new_fs_object_store(&data_home, file_config).await
-        }
-        ObjectStoreConfig::S3(s3_config) => s3::new_s3_object_store(s3_config).await,
-        ObjectStoreConfig::Oss(oss_config) => oss::new_oss_object_store(oss_config).await,
-        ObjectStoreConfig::Azblob(azblob_config) => {
-            azblob::new_azblob_object_store(azblob_config).await
-        }
-        ObjectStoreConfig::Gcs(gcs_config) => gcs::new_gcs_object_store(gcs_config).await,
-    }?;
-    Ok(object_store)
-}
+use crate::config::{ObjectStoreConfig, DEFAULT_OBJECT_STORE_CACHE_SIZE};
+use crate::error::{self, CreateDirSnafu, Result};

 fn with_retry_layers(object_store: ObjectStore) -> ObjectStore {
    object_store.layer(
@@ -66,7 +43,9 @@ pub(crate) async fn new_object_store_without_cache(
    store: &ObjectStoreConfig,
    data_home: &str,
 ) -> Result<ObjectStore> {
-    let object_store = new_raw_object_store(store, data_home).await?;
+    let object_store = new_raw_object_store(store, data_home)
+        .await
+        .context(error::ObjectStoreSnafu)?;
    // Enable retry layer and cache layer for non-fs object storages
    let object_store = if store.is_object_storage() {
        // Adds retry layer
@@ -83,7 +62,9 @@ pub(crate) async fn new_object_store(
    store: ObjectStoreConfig,
    data_home: &str,
 ) -> Result<ObjectStore> {
-    let object_store = new_raw_object_store(&store, data_home).await?;
+    let object_store = new_raw_object_store(&store, data_home)
+        .await
+        .context(error::ObjectStoreSnafu)?;
    // Enable retry layer and cache layer for non-fs object storages
    let object_store = if store.is_object_storage() {
        let object_store = if let Some(cache_layer) = build_cache_layer(&store, data_home).await? {
@@ -170,20 +151,20 @@ async fn build_cache_layer(
        && !path.trim().is_empty()
    {
        let atomic_temp_dir = join_dir(path, ATOMIC_WRITE_DIR);
-        clean_temp_dir(&atomic_temp_dir)?;
+        clean_temp_dir(&atomic_temp_dir).context(error::ObjectStoreSnafu)?;

        // Compatible code. Remove this after a major release.
        let old_atomic_temp_dir = join_dir(path, OLD_ATOMIC_WRITE_DIR);
-        clean_temp_dir(&old_atomic_temp_dir)?;
+        clean_temp_dir(&old_atomic_temp_dir).context(error::ObjectStoreSnafu)?;

        let cache_store = Fs::default()
            .root(path)
            .atomic_write_dir(&atomic_temp_dir)
            .build()
-            .context(error::InitBackendSnafu)?;
+            .context(error::BuildCacheStoreSnafu)?;

        let cache_layer = LruCacheLayer::new(Arc::new(cache_store), cache_capacity.0 as usize)
-            .context(error::InitBackendSnafu)?;
+            .context(error::BuildCacheStoreSnafu)?;
        cache_layer.recover_cache(false).await;
        info!(
            "Enabled local object storage cache, path: {}, capacity: {}.",
@@ -196,31 +177,6 @@ async fn build_cache_layer(
    }
 }

-pub(crate) fn clean_temp_dir(dir: &str) -> Result<()> {
-    if path::Path::new(&dir).exists() {
-        info!("Begin to clean temp storage directory: {}", dir);
-        std::fs::remove_dir_all(dir).context(error::RemoveDirSnafu { dir })?;
-        info!("Cleaned temp storage directory: {}", dir);
-    }
-
-    Ok(())
-}
-
-pub(crate) fn build_http_client(config: &HttpClientConfig) -> Result<HttpClient> {
-    if config.skip_ssl_validation {
-        common_telemetry::warn!("Skipping SSL validation for object storage HTTP client. Please ensure the environment is trusted.");
-    }
-
-    let client = reqwest::ClientBuilder::new()
-        .pool_max_idle_per_host(config.pool_max_idle_per_host as usize)
-        .connect_timeout(config.connect_timeout)
-        .pool_idle_timeout(config.pool_idle_timeout)
-        .timeout(config.timeout)
-        .danger_accept_invalid_certs(config.skip_ssl_validation)
-        .build()
-        .context(BuildHttpClientSnafu)?;
-    Ok(HttpClient::with(client))
-}
 struct PrintDetailedError;

 // PrintDetailedError is a retry interceptor that prints error in Debug format in retrying.
--- a/src/datanode/src/store/azblob.rs
+++ b/src/datanode/src/store/azblob.rs
@@ -1,50 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2023 Greptime Team
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-use common_base::secrets::ExposeSecret;
-use common_telemetry::info;
-use object_store::services::Azblob;
-use object_store::{util, ObjectStore};
-use snafu::prelude::*;
-
-use crate::config::AzblobConfig;
-use crate::error::{self, Result};
-use crate::store::build_http_client;
-
-pub(crate) async fn new_azblob_object_store(azblob_config: &AzblobConfig) -> Result<ObjectStore> {
-    let root = util::normalize_dir(&azblob_config.root);
-
-    info!(
-        "The azure storage container is: {}, root is: {}",
-        azblob_config.container, &root
-    );
-
-    let client = build_http_client(&azblob_config.http_client)?;
-
-    let mut builder = Azblob::default()
-        .root(&root)
-        .container(&azblob_config.container)
-        .endpoint(&azblob_config.endpoint)
-        .account_name(azblob_config.account_name.expose_secret())
-        .account_key(azblob_config.account_key.expose_secret())
-        .http_client(client);
-
-    if let Some(token) = &azblob_config.sas_token {
-        builder = builder.sas_token(token);
-    };
-
-    Ok(ObjectStore::new(builder)
-        .context(error::InitBackendSnafu)?
-        .finish())
-}
--- a/src/datanode/src/store/fs.rs
+++ b/src/datanode/src/store/fs.rs
@@ -1,53 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2023 Greptime Team
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-use std::{fs, path};
-
-use common_telemetry::info;
-use mito2::access_layer::{ATOMIC_WRITE_DIR, OLD_ATOMIC_WRITE_DIR};
-use object_store::services::Fs;
-use object_store::util::join_dir;
-use object_store::ObjectStore;
-use snafu::prelude::*;
-
-use crate::config::FileConfig;
-use crate::error::{self, Result};
-use crate::store;
-
-/// A helper function to create a file system object store.
-pub async fn new_fs_object_store(
-    data_home: &str,
-    _file_config: &FileConfig,
-) -> Result<ObjectStore> {
-    fs::create_dir_all(path::Path::new(&data_home))
-        .context(error::CreateDirSnafu { dir: data_home })?;
-    info!("The file storage home is: {}", data_home);
-
-    let atomic_write_dir = join_dir(data_home, ATOMIC_WRITE_DIR);
-    store::clean_temp_dir(&atomic_write_dir)?;
-
-    // Compatible code. Remove this after a major release.
-    let old_atomic_temp_dir = join_dir(data_home, OLD_ATOMIC_WRITE_DIR);
-    store::clean_temp_dir(&old_atomic_temp_dir)?;
-
-    let builder = Fs::default()
-        .root(data_home)
-        .atomic_write_dir(&atomic_write_dir);
-
-    let object_store = ObjectStore::new(builder)
-        .context(error::InitBackendSnafu)?
-        .finish();
-
-    Ok(object_store)
-}
--- a/src/datanode/src/store/gcs.rs
+++ b/src/datanode/src/store/gcs.rs
@@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2023 Greptime Team
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-use common_base::secrets::ExposeSecret;
-use common_telemetry::info;
-use object_store::services::Gcs;
-use object_store::{util, ObjectStore};
-use snafu::prelude::*;
-
-use crate::config::GcsConfig;
-use crate::error::{self, Result};
-use crate::store::build_http_client;
-
-pub(crate) async fn new_gcs_object_store(gcs_config: &GcsConfig) -> Result<ObjectStore> {
-    let root = util::normalize_dir(&gcs_config.root);
-    info!(
-        "The gcs storage bucket is: {}, root is: {}",
-        gcs_config.bucket, &root
-    );
-
-    let client = build_http_client(&gcs_config.http_client);
-
-    let builder = Gcs::default()
-        .root(&root)
-        .bucket(&gcs_config.bucket)
-        .scope(&gcs_config.scope)
-        .credential_path(gcs_config.credential_path.expose_secret())
-        .credential(gcs_config.credential.expose_secret())
-        .endpoint(&gcs_config.endpoint)
-        .http_client(client?);
-
-    Ok(ObjectStore::new(builder)
-        .context(error::InitBackendSnafu)?
-        .finish())
-}
--- a/src/datanode/src/store/oss.rs
+++ b/src/datanode/src/store/oss.rs
@@ -1,45 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2023 Greptime Team
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-use common_base::secrets::ExposeSecret;
-use common_telemetry::info;
-use object_store::services::Oss;
-use object_store::{util, ObjectStore};
-use snafu::prelude::*;
-
-use crate::config::OssConfig;
-use crate::error::{self, Result};
-use crate::store::build_http_client;
-
-pub(crate) async fn new_oss_object_store(oss_config: &OssConfig) -> Result<ObjectStore> {
-    let root = util::normalize_dir(&oss_config.root);
-    info!(
-        "The oss storage bucket is: {}, root is: {}",
-        oss_config.bucket, &root
-    );
-
-    let client = build_http_client(&oss_config.http_client)?;
-
-    let builder = Oss::default()
-        .root(&root)
-        .bucket(&oss_config.bucket)
-        .endpoint(&oss_config.endpoint)
-        .access_key_id(oss_config.access_key_id.expose_secret())
-        .access_key_secret(oss_config.access_key_secret.expose_secret())
-        .http_client(client);
-
-    Ok(ObjectStore::new(builder)
-        .context(error::InitBackendSnafu)?
-        .finish())
-}
--- a/src/datanode/src/store/s3.rs
+++ b/src/datanode/src/store/s3.rs
@@ -1,55 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2023 Greptime Team
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-use common_base::secrets::ExposeSecret;
-use common_telemetry::info;
-use object_store::services::S3;
-use object_store::{util, ObjectStore};
-use snafu::prelude::*;
-
-use crate::config::S3Config;
-use crate::error::{self, Result};
-use crate::store::build_http_client;
-
-pub(crate) async fn new_s3_object_store(s3_config: &S3Config) -> Result<ObjectStore> {
-    let root = util::normalize_dir(&s3_config.root);
-
-    info!(
-        "The s3 storage bucket is: {}, root is: {}",
-        s3_config.bucket, &root
-    );
-
-    let client = build_http_client(&s3_config.http_client)?;
-
-    let mut builder = S3::default()
-        .root(&root)
-        .bucket(&s3_config.bucket)
-        .access_key_id(s3_config.access_key_id.expose_secret())
-        .secret_access_key(s3_config.secret_access_key.expose_secret())
-        .http_client(client);
-
-    if s3_config.endpoint.is_some() {
-        builder = builder.endpoint(s3_config.endpoint.as_ref().unwrap());
-    }
-    if s3_config.region.is_some() {
-        builder = builder.region(s3_config.region.as_ref().unwrap());
-    }
-    if s3_config.enable_virtual_host_style {
-        builder = builder.enable_virtual_host_style();
-    }
-
-    Ok(ObjectStore::new(builder)
-        .context(error::InitBackendSnafu)?
-        .finish())
-}
--- a/src/datanode/src/tests.rs
+++ b/src/datanode/src/tests.rs
@@ -108,11 +108,15 @@ pub type MockRequestHandler =
 pub type MockSetReadonlyGracefullyHandler =
    Box<dyn Fn(RegionId) -> Result<SetRegionRoleStateResponse, Error> + Send + Sync>;

+pub type MockGetMetadataHandler =
+    Box<dyn Fn(RegionId) -> Result<RegionMetadataRef, Error> + Send + Sync>;
+
 pub struct MockRegionEngine {
    sender: Sender<(RegionId, RegionRequest)>,
    pub(crate) handle_request_delay: Option<Duration>,
    pub(crate) handle_request_mock_fn: Option<MockRequestHandler>,
    pub(crate) handle_set_readonly_gracefully_mock_fn: Option<MockSetReadonlyGracefullyHandler>,
+    pub(crate) handle_get_metadata_mock_fn: Option<MockGetMetadataHandler>,
    pub(crate) mock_role: Option<Option<RegionRole>>,
    engine: String,
 }
@@ -127,6 +131,7 @@ impl MockRegionEngine {
                sender: tx,
                handle_request_mock_fn: None,
                handle_set_readonly_gracefully_mock_fn: None,
+                handle_get_metadata_mock_fn: None,
                mock_role: None,
                engine: engine.to_string(),
            }),
@@ -146,6 +151,27 @@ impl MockRegionEngine {
                sender: tx,
                handle_request_mock_fn: Some(mock_fn),
                handle_set_readonly_gracefully_mock_fn: None,
+                handle_get_metadata_mock_fn: None,
+                mock_role: None,
+                engine: engine.to_string(),
+            }),
+            rx,
+        )
+    }
+
+    pub fn with_metadata_mock_fn(
+        engine: &str,
+        mock_fn: MockGetMetadataHandler,
+    ) -> (Arc<Self>, Receiver<(RegionId, RegionRequest)>) {
+        let (tx, rx) = tokio::sync::mpsc::channel(8);
+
+        (
+            Arc::new(Self {
+                handle_request_delay: None,
+                sender: tx,
+                handle_request_mock_fn: None,
+                handle_set_readonly_gracefully_mock_fn: None,
+                handle_get_metadata_mock_fn: Some(mock_fn),
                mock_role: None,
                engine: engine.to_string(),
            }),
@@ -166,6 +192,7 @@ impl MockRegionEngine {
            sender: tx,
            handle_request_mock_fn: None,
            handle_set_readonly_gracefully_mock_fn: None,
+            handle_get_metadata_mock_fn: None,
            mock_role: None,
            engine: engine.to_string(),
        };
@@ -208,7 +235,11 @@ impl RegionEngine for MockRegionEngine {
        unimplemented!()
    }

-    async fn get_metadata(&self, _region_id: RegionId) -> Result<RegionMetadataRef, BoxedError> {
+    async fn get_metadata(&self, region_id: RegionId) -> Result<RegionMetadataRef, BoxedError> {
+        if let Some(mock_fn) = &self.handle_get_metadata_mock_fn {
+            return mock_fn(region_id).map_err(BoxedError::new);
+        };
+
        unimplemented!()
    }

--- a/src/flow/src/adapter.rs
+++ b/src/flow/src/adapter.rs
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ impl Default for FlowConfig {
 }

 /// Options for flow node
-#[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 #[serde(default)]
 pub struct FlownodeOptions {
    pub node_id: Option<u64>,
@@ -251,6 +251,10 @@ impl DiffRequest {
            Self::Delete(v) => v.len(),
        }
    }
+
+    pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {
+        self.len() == 0
+    }
 }

 pub fn batches_to_rows_req(batches: Vec<Batch>) -> Result<Vec<DiffRequest>, Error> {
@@ -929,6 +933,12 @@ pub struct FlowTickManager {
    start_timestamp: repr::Timestamp,
 }

+impl Default for FlowTickManager {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self::new()
+    }
+}
+
 impl FlowTickManager {
    pub fn new() -> Self {
        FlowTickManager {
--- a/src/flow/src/lib.rs
+++ b/src/flow/src/lib.rs
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ mod utils;
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod test_utils;

-pub use adapter::{FlowConfig, FlowStreamingEngineRef, FlownodeOptions, StreamingEngine};
+pub use adapter::{FlowConfig, FlowStreamingEngineRef, StreamingEngine};
 pub use batching_mode::frontend_client::{FrontendClient, GrpcQueryHandlerWithBoxedError};
 pub use engine::FlowAuthHeader;
 pub(crate) use engine::{CreateFlowArgs, FlowId, TableName};
@@ -52,3 +52,5 @@ pub use server::{
    get_flow_auth_options, FlownodeBuilder, FlownodeInstance, FlownodeServer,
    FlownodeServiceBuilder, FrontendInvoker,
 };
+
+pub use crate::adapter::FlownodeOptions;
--- a/src/frontend/src/instance.rs
+++ b/src/frontend/src/instance.rs
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ use common_base::cancellation::CancellableFuture;
 use common_base::Plugins;
 use common_config::KvBackendConfig;
 use common_error::ext::{BoxedError, ErrorExt};
+use common_meta::key::runtime_switch::RuntimeSwitchManager;
 use common_meta::key::TableMetadataManagerRef;
 use common_meta::kv_backend::KvBackendRef;
 use common_meta::state_store::KvStateStore;
@@ -125,10 +126,12 @@ impl Instance {
            max_running_procedures: procedure_config.max_running_procedures,
            ..Default::default()
        };
+        let runtime_switch_manager = Arc::new(RuntimeSwitchManager::new(kv_backend.clone()));
        let procedure_manager = Arc::new(LocalManager::new(
            manager_config,
            kv_state_store.clone(),
            kv_state_store,
+            Some(runtime_switch_manager),
        ));

        Ok((kv_backend, procedure_manager))
@@ -513,6 +516,8 @@ pub fn check_permission(
        | Statement::AlterDatabase(_)
        | Statement::DropFlow(_)
        | Statement::Use(_) => {}
+        #[cfg(feature = "enterprise")]
+        Statement::DropTrigger(_) => {}
        Statement::ShowCreateDatabase(stmt) => {
            validate_database(&stmt.database_name, query_ctx)?;
        }
@@ -616,6 +621,8 @@ pub fn check_permission(
        Statement::FetchCursor(_) | Statement::CloseCursor(_) => {}
        // User can only kill process in their own catalog.
        Statement::Kill(_) => {}
+        // SHOW PROCESSLIST
+        Statement::ShowProcesslist(_) => {}
    }
    Ok(())
 }
--- a/src/meta-srv/src/error.rs
+++ b/src/meta-srv/src/error.rs
@@ -54,14 +54,6 @@ pub enum Error {
        peer_id: u64,
    },

-    #[snafu(display("Failed to lookup peer: {}", peer_id))]
-    LookupPeer {
-        #[snafu(implicit)]
-        location: Location,
-        source: common_meta::error::Error,
-        peer_id: u64,
-    },
-
    #[snafu(display("Another migration procedure is running for region: {}", region_id))]
    MigrationRunning {
        #[snafu(implicit)]
@@ -382,6 +374,7 @@ pub enum Error {
        location: Location,
    },

+    #[cfg(feature = "mysql_kvbackend")]
    #[snafu(display("Failed to decode sql value"))]
    DecodeSqlValue {
        #[snafu(source)]
@@ -695,8 +688,8 @@ pub enum Error {
        location: Location,
    },

-    #[snafu(display("Maintenance mode manager error"))]
-    MaintenanceModeManager {
+    #[snafu(display("Runtime switch manager error"))]
+    RuntimeSwitchManager {
        source: common_meta::error::Error,
        #[snafu(implicit)]
        location: Location,
@@ -1023,7 +1016,7 @@ impl ErrorExt for Error {
            Error::SubmitDdlTask { source, .. } => source.status_code(),
            Error::ConvertProtoData { source, .. }
            | Error::TableMetadataManager { source, .. }
-            | Error::MaintenanceModeManager { source, .. }
+            | Error::RuntimeSwitchManager { source, .. }
            | Error::KvBackend { source, .. }
            | Error::UnexpectedLogicalRouteTable { source, .. }
            | Error::UpdateTopicNameValue { source, .. } => source.status_code(),
@@ -1033,7 +1026,6 @@ impl ErrorExt for Error {
            }

            Error::Other { source, .. } => source.status_code(),
-            Error::LookupPeer { source, .. } => source.status_code(),
            Error::NoEnoughAvailableNode { .. } => StatusCode::RuntimeResourcesExhausted,

            #[cfg(feature = "pg_kvbackend")]
--- a/src/meta-srv/src/metasrv.rs
+++ b/src/meta-srv/src/metasrv.rs
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ use common_greptimedb_telemetry::GreptimeDBTelemetryTask;
 use common_meta::cache_invalidator::CacheInvalidatorRef;
 use common_meta::ddl::ProcedureExecutorRef;
 use common_meta::distributed_time_constants;
-use common_meta::key::maintenance::MaintenanceModeManagerRef;
+use common_meta::key::runtime_switch::RuntimeSwitchManagerRef;
 use common_meta::key::TableMetadataManagerRef;
 use common_meta::kv_backend::{KvBackendRef, ResettableKvBackend, ResettableKvBackendRef};
 use common_meta::leadership_notifier::{
@@ -110,6 +110,11 @@ pub struct MetasrvOptions {
    pub use_memory_store: bool,
    /// Whether to enable region failover.
    pub enable_region_failover: bool,
+    /// The delay before starting region failure detection.
+    /// This delay helps prevent Metasrv from triggering unnecessary region failovers before all Datanodes are fully started.
+    /// Especially useful when the cluster is not deployed with GreptimeDB Operator and maintenance mode is not enabled.
+    #[serde(with = "humantime_serde")]
+    pub region_failure_detector_initialization_delay: Duration,
    /// Whether to allow region failover on local WAL.
    ///
    /// If it's true, the region failover will be allowed even if the local WAL is used.
@@ -219,6 +224,7 @@ impl Default for MetasrvOptions {
            selector: SelectorType::default(),
            use_memory_store: false,
            enable_region_failover: false,
+            region_failure_detector_initialization_delay: Duration::from_secs(10 * 60),
            allow_region_failover_on_local_wal: false,
            grpc: GrpcOptions {
                bind_addr: format!("127.0.0.1:{}", DEFAULT_METASRV_ADDR_PORT),
@@ -428,7 +434,7 @@ pub struct Metasrv {
    procedure_executor: ProcedureExecutorRef,
    wal_options_allocator: WalOptionsAllocatorRef,
    table_metadata_manager: TableMetadataManagerRef,
-    maintenance_mode_manager: MaintenanceModeManagerRef,
+    runtime_switch_manager: RuntimeSwitchManagerRef,
    memory_region_keeper: MemoryRegionKeeperRef,
    greptimedb_telemetry_task: Arc<GreptimeDBTelemetryTask>,
    region_migration_manager: RegionMigrationManagerRef,
@@ -687,8 +693,8 @@ impl Metasrv {
        &self.table_metadata_manager
    }

-    pub fn maintenance_mode_manager(&self) -> &MaintenanceModeManagerRef {
-        &self.maintenance_mode_manager
+    pub fn runtime_switch_manager(&self) -> &RuntimeSwitchManagerRef {
+        &self.runtime_switch_manager
    }

    pub fn memory_region_keeper(&self) -> &MemoryRegionKeeperRef {
--- a/src/meta-srv/src/metasrv/builder.rs
+++ b/src/meta-srv/src/metasrv/builder.rs
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ use common_meta::ddl_manager::DdlManager;
 use common_meta::distributed_time_constants;
 use common_meta::key::flow::flow_state::FlowStateManager;
 use common_meta::key::flow::FlowMetadataManager;
-use common_meta::key::maintenance::MaintenanceModeManager;
+use common_meta::key::runtime_switch::{RuntimeSwitchManager, RuntimeSwitchManagerRef};
 use common_meta::key::TableMetadataManager;
 use common_meta::kv_backend::memory::MemoryKvBackend;
 use common_meta::kv_backend::{KvBackendRef, ResettableKvBackendRef};
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ use crate::procedure::wal_prune::manager::{WalPruneManager, WalPruneTicker};
 use crate::procedure::wal_prune::Context as WalPruneContext;
 use crate::region::supervisor::{
    HeartbeatAcceptor, RegionFailureDetectorControl, RegionSupervisor, RegionSupervisorSelector,
-    RegionSupervisorTicker, DEFAULT_TICK_INTERVAL,
+    RegionSupervisorTicker, DEFAULT_INITIALIZATION_RETRY_PERIOD, DEFAULT_TICK_INTERVAL,
 };
 use crate::selector::lease_based::LeaseBasedSelector;
 use crate::selector::round_robin::RoundRobinSelector;
@@ -193,7 +193,9 @@ impl MetasrvBuilder {
        let selector = selector.unwrap_or_else(|| Arc::new(LeaseBasedSelector::default()));
        let pushers = Pushers::default();
        let mailbox = build_mailbox(&kv_backend, &pushers);
-        let procedure_manager = build_procedure_manager(&options, &kv_backend);
+        let runtime_switch_manager = Arc::new(RuntimeSwitchManager::new(kv_backend.clone()));
+        let procedure_manager =
+            build_procedure_manager(&options, &kv_backend, &runtime_switch_manager);

        let table_metadata_manager = Arc::new(TableMetadataManager::new(
            leader_cached_kv_backend.clone() as _,
@@ -201,7 +203,7 @@ impl MetasrvBuilder {
        let flow_metadata_manager = Arc::new(FlowMetadataManager::new(
            leader_cached_kv_backend.clone() as _,
        ));
-        let maintenance_mode_manager = Arc::new(MaintenanceModeManager::new(kv_backend.clone()));
+
        let selector_ctx = SelectorContext {
            server_addr: options.grpc.server_addr.clone(),
            datanode_lease_secs: distributed_time_constants::DATANODE_LEASE_SECS,
@@ -299,6 +301,8 @@ impl MetasrvBuilder {
                Arc::new(RegionFailureDetectorControl::new(tx.clone())) as _,
                Some(Arc::new(RegionSupervisorTicker::new(
                    DEFAULT_TICK_INTERVAL,
+                    options.region_failure_detector_initialization_delay,
+                    DEFAULT_INITIALIZATION_RETRY_PERIOD,
                    tx.clone(),
                ))),
            )
@@ -339,8 +343,9 @@ impl MetasrvBuilder {
                selector_ctx.clone(),
                supervisor_selector,
                region_migration_manager.clone(),
-                maintenance_mode_manager.clone(),
+                runtime_switch_manager.clone(),
                peer_lookup_service.clone(),
+                leader_cached_kv_backend.clone(),
            );

            Some(RegionFailureHandler::new(
@@ -353,30 +358,28 @@ impl MetasrvBuilder {

        let leader_region_registry = Arc::new(LeaderRegionRegistry::default());

+        let ddl_context = DdlContext {
+            node_manager,
+            cache_invalidator: cache_invalidator.clone(),
+            memory_region_keeper: memory_region_keeper.clone(),
+            leader_region_registry: leader_region_registry.clone(),
+            table_metadata_manager: table_metadata_manager.clone(),
+            table_metadata_allocator: table_metadata_allocator.clone(),
+            flow_metadata_manager: flow_metadata_manager.clone(),
+            flow_metadata_allocator: flow_metadata_allocator.clone(),
+            region_failure_detector_controller,
+        };
+        let procedure_manager_c = procedure_manager.clone();
+        let ddl_manager = DdlManager::try_new(ddl_context, procedure_manager_c, true)
+            .context(error::InitDdlManagerSnafu)?;
        #[cfg(feature = "enterprise")]
-        let trigger_ddl_manager = plugins
-            .as_ref()
-            .and_then(|plugins| plugins.get::<common_meta::ddl_manager::TriggerDdlManagerRef>());
-        let ddl_manager = Arc::new(
-            DdlManager::try_new(
-                DdlContext {
-                    node_manager,
-                    cache_invalidator: cache_invalidator.clone(),
-                    memory_region_keeper: memory_region_keeper.clone(),
-                    leader_region_registry: leader_region_registry.clone(),
-                    table_metadata_manager: table_metadata_manager.clone(),
-                    table_metadata_allocator: table_metadata_allocator.clone(),
-                    flow_metadata_manager: flow_metadata_manager.clone(),
-                    flow_metadata_allocator: flow_metadata_allocator.clone(),
-                    region_failure_detector_controller,
-                },
-                procedure_manager.clone(),
-                true,
-                #[cfg(feature = "enterprise")]
-                trigger_ddl_manager,
-            )
-            .context(error::InitDdlManagerSnafu)?,
-        );
+        let ddl_manager = {
+            let trigger_ddl_manager = plugins.as_ref().and_then(|plugins| {
+                plugins.get::<common_meta::ddl_manager::TriggerDdlManagerRef>()
+            });
+            ddl_manager.with_trigger_ddl_manager(trigger_ddl_manager)
+        };
+        let ddl_manager = Arc::new(ddl_manager);

        // remote WAL prune ticker and manager
        let wal_prune_ticker = if is_remote_wal && options.wal.enable_active_wal_pruning() {
@@ -463,7 +466,7 @@ impl MetasrvBuilder {
            procedure_executor: ddl_manager,
            wal_options_allocator,
            table_metadata_manager,
-            maintenance_mode_manager,
+            runtime_switch_manager,
            greptimedb_telemetry_task: get_greptimedb_telemetry_task(
                Some(metasrv_home),
                meta_peer_client,
@@ -506,6 +509,7 @@ fn build_mailbox(kv_backend: &KvBackendRef, pushers: &Pushers) -> MailboxRef {
 fn build_procedure_manager(
    options: &MetasrvOptions,
    kv_backend: &KvBackendRef,
+    runtime_switch_manager: &RuntimeSwitchManagerRef,
 ) -> ProcedureManagerRef {
    let manager_config = ManagerConfig {
        max_retry_times: options.procedure.max_retry_times,
@@ -526,6 +530,7 @@ fn build_procedure_manager(
        manager_config,
        kv_state_store.clone(),
        kv_state_store,
+        Some(runtime_switch_manager.clone()),
    ))
 }

--- a/src/meta-srv/src/procedure/region_migration/manager.rs
+++ b/src/meta-srv/src/procedure/region_migration/manager.rs
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ use common_meta::key::table_route::TableRouteValue;
 use common_meta::peer::Peer;
 use common_meta::rpc::router::RegionRoute;
 use common_procedure::{watcher, ProcedureId, ProcedureManagerRef, ProcedureWithId};
-use common_telemetry::{error, info};
+use common_telemetry::{error, info, warn};
 use snafu::{ensure, OptionExt, ResultExt};
 use store_api::storage::RegionId;
 use table::table_name::TableName;
@@ -253,10 +253,12 @@ impl RegionMigrationManager {
    }

    /// Throws an error if `leader_peer` is not the `from_peer`.
+    ///
+    /// If `from_peer` is unknown, use the leader peer as the `from_peer`.
    fn verify_region_leader_peer(
        &self,
        region_route: &RegionRoute,
-        task: &RegionMigrationProcedureTask,
+        task: &mut RegionMigrationProcedureTask,
    ) -> Result<()> {
        let leader_peer = region_route
            .leader_peer
@@ -275,6 +277,15 @@ impl RegionMigrationManager {
            }
        );

+        if task.from_peer.addr.is_empty() {
+            warn!(
+                "The `from_peer` is unknown, use the leader peer({}) as the `from_peer`, region: {}",
+                leader_peer, task.region_id
+            );
+            // The peer id is the same as the leader peer id.
+            task.from_peer = leader_peer.clone();
+        }
+
        Ok(())
    }

@@ -300,7 +311,7 @@ impl RegionMigrationManager {
    /// Submits a new region migration procedure.
    pub async fn submit_procedure(
        &self,
-        task: RegionMigrationProcedureTask,
+        mut task: RegionMigrationProcedureTask,
    ) -> Result<Option<ProcedureId>> {
        let Some(guard) = self.insert_running_procedure(&task) else {
            return error::MigrationRunningSnafu {
@@ -333,7 +344,7 @@ impl RegionMigrationManager {
            .fail();
        }

-        self.verify_region_leader_peer(&region_route, &task)?;
+        self.verify_region_leader_peer(&region_route, &mut task)?;
        self.verify_region_follower_peers(&region_route, &task)?;
        let table_info = self.retrieve_table_info(region_id).await?;
        let TableName {
@@ -341,12 +352,6 @@ impl RegionMigrationManager {
            schema_name,
            ..
        } = table_info.table_name();
-        METRIC_META_REGION_MIGRATION_DATANODES
-            .with_label_values(&["src", &task.from_peer.id.to_string()])
-            .inc();
-        METRIC_META_REGION_MIGRATION_DATANODES
-            .with_label_values(&["desc", &task.to_peer.id.to_string()])
-            .inc();
        let RegionMigrationProcedureTask {
            region_id,
            from_peer,
@@ -377,6 +382,12 @@ impl RegionMigrationManager {
                    return;
                }
            };
+            METRIC_META_REGION_MIGRATION_DATANODES
+                .with_label_values(&["src", &task.from_peer.id.to_string()])
+                .inc();
+            METRIC_META_REGION_MIGRATION_DATANODES
+                .with_label_values(&["desc", &task.to_peer.id.to_string()])
+                .inc();

            if let Err(e) = watcher::wait(watcher).await {
                error!(e; "Failed to wait region migration procedure {procedure_id} for {task}");
--- a/src/meta-srv/src/procedure/region_migration/test_util.rs
+++ b/src/meta-srv/src/procedure/region_migration/test_util.rs
@@ -92,6 +92,7 @@ impl TestingEnv {
            ManagerConfig::default(),
            state_store,
            poison_manager,
+            None,
        ));

        Self {
--- a/src/meta-srv/src/procedure/utils.rs
+++ b/src/meta-srv/src/procedure/utils.rs
@@ -103,6 +103,7 @@ pub mod mock {
                }),
                affected_rows: 0,
                extensions: Default::default(),
+                metadata: Vec::new(),
            })
        }
    }
--- a/src/meta-srv/src/procedure/wal_prune/test_util.rs
+++ b/src/meta-srv/src/procedure/wal_prune/test_util.rs
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ impl TestEnv {
            ManagerConfig::default(),
            state_store,
            poison_manager,
+            None,
        ));

        let mailbox_ctx = MailboxContext::new(mailbox_sequence);
--- a/src/meta-srv/src/region/supervisor.rs
+++ b/src/meta-srv/src/region/supervisor.rs
@@ -15,23 +15,30 @@
 use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet};
 use std::fmt::Debug;
 use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
-use std::time::Duration;
+use std::time::{Duration, Instant};

 use async_trait::async_trait;
 use common_meta::datanode::Stat;
 use common_meta::ddl::{DetectingRegion, RegionFailureDetectorController};
-use common_meta::key::maintenance::MaintenanceModeManagerRef;
+use common_meta::key::runtime_switch::RuntimeSwitchManagerRef;
+use common_meta::key::table_route::{TableRouteKey, TableRouteValue};
+use common_meta::key::{MetadataKey, MetadataValue};
+use common_meta::kv_backend::KvBackendRef;
 use common_meta::leadership_notifier::LeadershipChangeListener;
 use common_meta::peer::{Peer, PeerLookupServiceRef};
+use common_meta::range_stream::{PaginationStream, DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE};
+use common_meta::rpc::store::RangeRequest;
 use common_meta::DatanodeId;
 use common_runtime::JoinHandle;
 use common_telemetry::{debug, error, info, warn};
 use common_time::util::current_time_millis;
 use error::Error::{LeaderPeerChanged, MigrationRunning, RegionMigrated, TableRouteNotFound};
-use snafu::{ensure, OptionExt, ResultExt};
+use futures::{StreamExt, TryStreamExt};
+use snafu::{ensure, ResultExt};
 use store_api::storage::RegionId;
 use tokio::sync::mpsc::{Receiver, Sender};
-use tokio::time::{interval, MissedTickBehavior};
+use tokio::sync::oneshot;
+use tokio::time::{interval, interval_at, MissedTickBehavior};

 use crate::error::{self, Result};
 use crate::failure_detector::PhiAccrualFailureDetectorOptions;
@@ -70,6 +77,9 @@ impl From<&Stat> for DatanodeHeartbeat {
 ///
 /// Variants:
 /// - `Tick`: This event is used to trigger region failure detection periodically.
+/// - `InitializeAllRegions`: This event is used to initialize all region failure detectors.
+/// - `RegisterFailureDetectors`: This event is used to register failure detectors for regions.
+/// - `DeregisterFailureDetectors`: This event is used to deregister failure detectors for regions.
 /// - `HeartbeatArrived`: This event presents the metasrv received [`DatanodeHeartbeat`] from the datanodes.
 /// - `Clear`: This event is used to reset the state of the supervisor, typically used
 ///   when a system-wide reset or reinitialization is needed.
@@ -78,6 +88,7 @@ impl From<&Stat> for DatanodeHeartbeat {
 ///   of the supervisor during tests.
 pub(crate) enum Event {
    Tick,
+    InitializeAllRegions(tokio::sync::oneshot::Sender<()>),
    RegisterFailureDetectors(Vec<DetectingRegion>),
    DeregisterFailureDetectors(Vec<DetectingRegion>),
    HeartbeatArrived(DatanodeHeartbeat),
@@ -102,6 +113,7 @@ impl Debug for Event {
            Self::Tick => write!(f, "Tick"),
            Self::HeartbeatArrived(arg0) => f.debug_tuple("HeartbeatArrived").field(arg0).finish(),
            Self::Clear => write!(f, "Clear"),
+            Self::InitializeAllRegions(_) => write!(f, "InspectAndRegisterRegions"),
            Self::RegisterFailureDetectors(arg0) => f
                .debug_tuple("RegisterFailureDetectors")
                .field(arg0)
@@ -127,6 +139,12 @@ pub struct RegionSupervisorTicker {
    /// The interval of tick.
    tick_interval: Duration,

+    /// The delay before initializing all region failure detectors.
+    initialization_delay: Duration,
+
+    /// The retry period for initializing all region failure detectors.
+    initialization_retry_period: Duration,
+
    /// Sends [Event]s.
    sender: Sender<Event>,
 }
@@ -149,10 +167,21 @@ impl LeadershipChangeListener for RegionSupervisorTicker {
 }

 impl RegionSupervisorTicker {
-    pub(crate) fn new(tick_interval: Duration, sender: Sender<Event>) -> Self {
+    pub(crate) fn new(
+        tick_interval: Duration,
+        initialization_delay: Duration,
+        initialization_retry_period: Duration,
+        sender: Sender<Event>,
+    ) -> Self {
+        info!(
+            "RegionSupervisorTicker is created, tick_interval: {:?}, initialization_delay: {:?}, initialization_retry_period: {:?}",
+            tick_interval, initialization_delay, initialization_retry_period
+        );
        Self {
            tick_handle: Mutex::new(None),
            tick_interval,
+            initialization_delay,
+            initialization_retry_period,
            sender,
        }
    }
@@ -163,15 +192,39 @@ impl RegionSupervisorTicker {
        if handle.is_none() {
            let sender = self.sender.clone();
            let tick_interval = self.tick_interval;
+            let initialization_delay = self.initialization_delay;
+
+            let mut initialization_interval = interval_at(
+                tokio::time::Instant::now() + initialization_delay,
+                self.initialization_retry_period,
+            );
+            initialization_interval.set_missed_tick_behavior(MissedTickBehavior::Skip);
+            common_runtime::spawn_global(async move {
+                loop {
+                    initialization_interval.tick().await;
+                    let (tx, rx) = oneshot::channel();
+                    if sender.send(Event::InitializeAllRegions(tx)).await.is_err() {
+                        info!("EventReceiver is dropped, region failure detectors initialization loop is stopped");
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    if rx.await.is_ok() {
+                        info!("All region failure detectors are initialized.");
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+            });
+
+            let sender = self.sender.clone();
            let ticker_loop = tokio::spawn(async move {
-                let mut interval = interval(tick_interval);
-                interval.set_missed_tick_behavior(MissedTickBehavior::Skip);
+                let mut tick_interval = interval(tick_interval);
+                tick_interval.set_missed_tick_behavior(MissedTickBehavior::Skip);
+
                if let Err(err) = sender.send(Event::Clear).await {
                    warn!(err; "EventReceiver is dropped, failed to send Event::Clear");
                    return;
                }
                loop {
-                    interval.tick().await;
+                    tick_interval.tick().await;
                    if sender.send(Event::Tick).await.is_err() {
                        info!("EventReceiver is dropped, tick loop is stopped");
                        break;
@@ -202,6 +255,8 @@ pub type RegionSupervisorRef = Arc<RegionSupervisor>;

 /// The default tick interval.
 pub const DEFAULT_TICK_INTERVAL: Duration = Duration::from_secs(1);
+/// The default initialization retry period.
+pub const DEFAULT_INITIALIZATION_RETRY_PERIOD: Duration = Duration::from_secs(60);

 /// Selector for region supervisor.
 pub enum RegionSupervisorSelector {
@@ -225,9 +280,11 @@ pub struct RegionSupervisor {
    /// Region migration manager.
    region_migration_manager: RegionMigrationManagerRef,
    /// The maintenance mode manager.
-    maintenance_mode_manager: MaintenanceModeManagerRef,
+    runtime_switch_manager: RuntimeSwitchManagerRef,
    /// Peer lookup service
    peer_lookup: PeerLookupServiceRef,
+    /// The kv backend.
+    kv_backend: KvBackendRef,
 }

 /// Controller for managing failure detectors for regions.
@@ -290,14 +347,16 @@ impl RegionSupervisor {
        tokio::sync::mpsc::channel(1024)
    }

+    #[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
    pub(crate) fn new(
        event_receiver: Receiver<Event>,
        options: PhiAccrualFailureDetectorOptions,
        selector_context: SelectorContext,
        selector: RegionSupervisorSelector,
        region_migration_manager: RegionMigrationManagerRef,
-        maintenance_mode_manager: MaintenanceModeManagerRef,
+        runtime_switch_manager: RuntimeSwitchManagerRef,
        peer_lookup: PeerLookupServiceRef,
+        kv_backend: KvBackendRef,
    ) -> Self {
        Self {
            failure_detector: RegionFailureDetector::new(options),
@@ -306,8 +365,9 @@ impl RegionSupervisor {
            selector_context,
            selector,
            region_migration_manager,
-            maintenance_mode_manager,
+            runtime_switch_manager,
            peer_lookup,
+            kv_backend,
        }
    }

@@ -315,6 +375,26 @@ impl RegionSupervisor {
    pub(crate) async fn run(&mut self) {
        while let Some(event) = self.receiver.recv().await {
            match event {
+                Event::InitializeAllRegions(sender) => {
+                    match self.is_maintenance_mode_enabled().await {
+                        Ok(false) => {}
+                        Ok(true) => {
+                            warn!("Skipping initialize all regions since maintenance mode is enabled.");
+                            continue;
+                        }
+                        Err(err) => {
+                            error!(err; "Failed to check maintenance mode during initialize all regions.");
+                            continue;
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    if let Err(err) = self.initialize_all().await {
+                        error!(err; "Failed to initialize all regions.");
+                    } else {
+                        // Ignore the error.
+                        let _ = sender.send(());
+                    }
+                }
                Event::Tick => {
                    let regions = self.detect_region_failure();
                    self.handle_region_failures(regions).await;
@@ -336,6 +416,59 @@ impl RegionSupervisor {
        info!("RegionSupervisor is stopped!");
    }

+    async fn initialize_all(&self) -> Result<()> {
+        let now = Instant::now();
+        let regions = self.regions();
+        let req = RangeRequest::new().with_prefix(TableRouteKey::range_prefix());
+        let stream = PaginationStream::new(self.kv_backend.clone(), req, DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE, |kv| {
+            TableRouteKey::from_bytes(&kv.key).map(|v| (v.table_id, kv.value))
+        })
+        .into_stream();
+
+        let mut stream = stream
+            .map_ok(|(_, value)| {
+                TableRouteValue::try_from_raw_value(&value)
+                    .context(error::TableMetadataManagerSnafu)
+            })
+            .boxed();
+        let mut detecting_regions = Vec::new();
+        while let Some(route) = stream
+            .try_next()
+            .await
+            .context(error::TableMetadataManagerSnafu)?
+        {
+            let route = route?;
+            if !route.is_physical() {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            let physical_table_route = route.into_physical_table_route();
+            physical_table_route
+                .region_routes
+                .iter()
+                .for_each(|region_route| {
+                    if !regions.contains(&region_route.region.id) {
+                        if let Some(leader_peer) = &region_route.leader_peer {
+                            detecting_regions.push((leader_peer.id, region_route.region.id));
+                        }
+                    }
+                });
+        }
+
+        let num_detecting_regions = detecting_regions.len();
+        if !detecting_regions.is_empty() {
+            self.register_failure_detectors(detecting_regions).await;
+        }
+
+        info!(
+            "Initialize {} region failure detectors, elapsed: {:?}",
+            num_detecting_regions,
+            now.elapsed()
+        );
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
    async fn register_failure_detectors(&self, detecting_regions: Vec<DetectingRegion>) {
        let ts_millis = current_time_millis();
        for region in detecting_regions {
@@ -426,10 +559,10 @@ impl RegionSupervisor {
    }

    pub(crate) async fn is_maintenance_mode_enabled(&self) -> Result<bool> {
-        self.maintenance_mode_manager
+        self.runtime_switch_manager
            .maintenance_mode()
            .await
-            .context(error::MaintenanceModeManagerSnafu)
+            .context(error::RuntimeSwitchManagerSnafu)
    }

    async fn select_peers(
@@ -497,12 +630,10 @@ impl RegionSupervisor {
            .peer_lookup
            .datanode(from_peer_id)
            .await
-            .context(error::LookupPeerSnafu {
-                peer_id: from_peer_id,
-            })?
-            .context(error::PeerUnavailableSnafu {
-                peer_id: from_peer_id,
-            })?;
+            .ok()
+            .flatten()
+            .unwrap_or_else(|| Peer::empty(from_peer_id));
+
        let region_peers = self
            .select_peers(from_peer_id, regions, failed_datanodes)
            .await?;
@@ -599,6 +730,14 @@ impl RegionSupervisor {
            .collect::<Vec<_>>()
    }

+    /// Returns all regions that registered in the failure detector.
+    fn regions(&self) -> HashSet<RegionId> {
+        self.failure_detector
+            .iter()
+            .map(|e| e.region_ident().1)
+            .collect::<HashSet<_>>()
+    }
+
    /// Updates the state of corresponding failure detectors.
    fn on_heartbeat_arrived(&self, heartbeat: DatanodeHeartbeat) {
        for region_id in heartbeat.regions {
@@ -618,13 +757,22 @@ impl RegionSupervisor {
 #[cfg(test)]
 pub(crate) mod tests {
    use std::assert_matches::assert_matches;
+    use std::collections::HashMap;
    use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
    use std::time::Duration;

+    use common_meta::ddl::test_util::{
+        test_create_logical_table_task, test_create_physical_table_task,
+    };
    use common_meta::ddl::RegionFailureDetectorController;
-    use common_meta::key::maintenance;
+    use common_meta::key::table_route::{
+        LogicalTableRouteValue, PhysicalTableRouteValue, TableRouteValue,
+    };
+    use common_meta::key::{runtime_switch, TableMetadataManager};
    use common_meta::peer::Peer;
+    use common_meta::rpc::router::{Region, RegionRoute};
    use common_meta::test_util::NoopPeerLookupService;
+    use common_telemetry::info;
    use common_time::util::current_time_millis;
    use rand::Rng;
    use store_api::storage::RegionId;
@@ -650,10 +798,11 @@ pub(crate) mod tests {
            env.procedure_manager().clone(),
            context_factory,
        ));
-        let maintenance_mode_manager =
-            Arc::new(maintenance::MaintenanceModeManager::new(env.kv_backend()));
+        let runtime_switch_manager =
+            Arc::new(runtime_switch::RuntimeSwitchManager::new(env.kv_backend()));
        let peer_lookup = Arc::new(NoopPeerLookupService);
        let (tx, rx) = RegionSupervisor::channel();
+        let kv_backend = env.kv_backend();

        (
            RegionSupervisor::new(
@@ -662,8 +811,9 @@ pub(crate) mod tests {
                selector_context,
                RegionSupervisorSelector::NaiveSelector(selector),
                region_migration_manager,
-                maintenance_mode_manager,
+                runtime_switch_manager,
                peer_lookup,
+                kv_backend,
            ),
            tx,
        )
@@ -748,6 +898,8 @@ pub(crate) mod tests {
        let ticker = RegionSupervisorTicker {
            tick_handle: Mutex::new(None),
            tick_interval: Duration::from_millis(10),
+            initialization_delay: Duration::from_millis(100),
+            initialization_retry_period: Duration::from_millis(100),
            sender: tx,
        };
        // It's ok if we start the ticker again.
@@ -757,11 +909,116 @@ pub(crate) mod tests {
            ticker.stop();
            assert!(!rx.is_empty());
            while let Ok(event) = rx.try_recv() {
-                assert_matches!(event, Event::Tick | Event::Clear);
+                assert_matches!(
+                    event,
+                    Event::Tick | Event::Clear | Event::InitializeAllRegions(_)
+                );
            }
        }
    }

+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn test_initialize_all_regions_event_handling() {
+        common_telemetry::init_default_ut_logging();
+        let (tx, mut rx) = tokio::sync::mpsc::channel(128);
+        let ticker = RegionSupervisorTicker {
+            tick_handle: Mutex::new(None),
+            tick_interval: Duration::from_millis(1000),
+            initialization_delay: Duration::from_millis(50),
+            initialization_retry_period: Duration::from_millis(50),
+            sender: tx,
+        };
+        ticker.start();
+        sleep(Duration::from_millis(60)).await;
+        let handle = tokio::spawn(async move {
+            let mut counter = 0;
+            while let Some(event) = rx.recv().await {
+                if let Event::InitializeAllRegions(tx) = event {
+                    if counter == 0 {
+                        // Ignore the first event
+                        counter += 1;
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    tx.send(()).unwrap();
+                    info!("Responded initialize all regions event");
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+            rx
+        });
+
+        let rx = handle.await.unwrap();
+        for _ in 0..3 {
+            sleep(Duration::from_millis(100)).await;
+            assert!(rx.is_empty());
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn test_initialize_all_regions() {
+        common_telemetry::init_default_ut_logging();
+        let (mut supervisor, sender) = new_test_supervisor();
+        let table_metadata_manager = TableMetadataManager::new(supervisor.kv_backend.clone());
+
+        // Create a physical table metadata
+        let table_id = 1024;
+        let mut create_physical_table_task = test_create_physical_table_task("my_physical_table");
+        create_physical_table_task.set_table_id(table_id);
+        let table_info = create_physical_table_task.table_info;
+        let table_route = PhysicalTableRouteValue::new(vec![RegionRoute {
+            region: Region {
+                id: RegionId::new(table_id, 0),
+                ..Default::default()
+            },
+            leader_peer: Some(Peer::empty(1)),
+            ..Default::default()
+        }]);
+        let table_route_value = TableRouteValue::Physical(table_route);
+        table_metadata_manager
+            .create_table_metadata(table_info, table_route_value, HashMap::new())
+            .await
+            .unwrap();
+
+        // Create a logical table metadata
+        let logical_table_id = 1025;
+        let mut test_create_logical_table_task = test_create_logical_table_task("my_logical_table");
+        test_create_logical_table_task.set_table_id(logical_table_id);
+        let table_info = test_create_logical_table_task.table_info;
+        let table_route = LogicalTableRouteValue::new(1024, vec![RegionId::new(1025, 0)]);
+        let table_route_value = TableRouteValue::Logical(table_route);
+        table_metadata_manager
+            .create_table_metadata(table_info, table_route_value, HashMap::new())
+            .await
+            .unwrap();
+        tokio::spawn(async move { supervisor.run().await });
+        let (tx, rx) = oneshot::channel();
+        sender.send(Event::InitializeAllRegions(tx)).await.unwrap();
+        assert!(rx.await.is_ok());
+
+        let (tx, rx) = oneshot::channel();
+        sender.send(Event::Dump(tx)).await.unwrap();
+        let detector = rx.await.unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(detector.len(), 1);
+        assert!(detector.contains(&(1, RegionId::new(1024, 0))));
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn test_initialize_all_regions_with_maintenance_mode() {
+        common_telemetry::init_default_ut_logging();
+        let (mut supervisor, sender) = new_test_supervisor();
+
+        supervisor
+            .runtime_switch_manager
+            .set_maintenance_mode()
+            .await
+            .unwrap();
+        tokio::spawn(async move { supervisor.run().await });
+        let (tx, rx) = oneshot::channel();
+        sender.send(Event::InitializeAllRegions(tx)).await.unwrap();
+        // The sender is dropped, so the receiver will receive an error.
+        assert!(rx.await.is_err());
+    }
+
    #[tokio::test]
    async fn test_region_failure_detector_controller() {
        let (mut supervisor, sender) = new_test_supervisor();
--- a/src/meta-srv/src/service/admin.rs
+++ b/src/meta-srv/src/service/admin.rs
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ mod heartbeat;
 mod leader;
 mod maintenance;
 mod node_lease;
+mod procedure;
 mod util;

 use std::collections::HashMap;
@@ -56,10 +57,25 @@ pub fn make_admin_service(metasrv: Arc<Metasrv>) -> Admin {
        },
    );

-    let router = router.route(
-        "/maintenance",
+    let router = router.routes(
+        &[
+            "/maintenance",
+            "/maintenance/status",
+            "/maintenance/enable",
+            "/maintenance/disable",
+        ],
        maintenance::MaintenanceHandler {
-            manager: metasrv.maintenance_mode_manager().clone(),
+            manager: metasrv.runtime_switch_manager().clone(),
+        },
+    );
+    let router = router.routes(
+        &[
+            "/procedure-manager/pause",
+            "/procedure-manager/resume",
+            "/procedure-manager/status",
+        ],
+        procedure::ProcedureManagerHandler {
+            manager: metasrv.runtime_switch_manager().clone(),
        },
    );
    let router = Router::nest("/admin", router);
@@ -97,10 +113,7 @@ impl NamedService for Admin {
    const NAME: &'static str = "admin";
 }

-impl<T> Service<http::Request<T>> for Admin
-where
-    T: Send,
-{
+impl Service<http::Request<BoxBody>> for Admin {
    type Response = http::Response<BoxBody>;
    type Error = Infallible;
    type Future = BoxFuture<Self::Response, Self::Error>;
@@ -109,7 +122,7 @@ where
        Poll::Ready(Ok(()))
    }

-    fn call(&mut self, req: http::Request<T>) -> Self::Future {
+    fn call(&mut self, req: http::Request<BoxBody>) -> Self::Future {
        let router = self.router.clone();
        let query_params = req
            .uri()
@@ -128,7 +141,7 @@ where

 #[derive(Default)]
 pub struct Router {
-    handlers: HashMap<String, Box<dyn HttpHandler>>,
+    handlers: HashMap<String, Arc<dyn HttpHandler>>,
 }

 impl Router {
@@ -153,7 +166,17 @@ impl Router {
    pub fn route(mut self, path: &str, handler: impl HttpHandler + 'static) -> Self {
        check_path(path);

-        let _ = self.handlers.insert(path.to_owned(), Box::new(handler));
+        let _ = self.handlers.insert(path.to_owned(), Arc::new(handler));
+
+        self
+    }
+
+    pub fn routes(mut self, paths: &[&str], handler: impl HttpHandler + 'static) -> Self {
+        let handler = Arc::new(handler);
+        for path in paths {
+            check_path(path);
+            let _ = self.handlers.insert(path.to_string(), handler.clone());
+        }

        self
    }
@@ -204,7 +227,7 @@ fn boxed(body: String) -> BoxBody {
 mod tests {
    use common_meta::kv_backend::memory::MemoryKvBackend;
    use common_meta::kv_backend::KvBackendRef;
-    use tokio::io::{AsyncReadExt, AsyncWriteExt};
+    use tokio::io::{AsyncReadExt, AsyncWriteExt, DuplexStream};

    use super::*;
    use crate::metasrv::builder::MetasrvBuilder;
@@ -325,6 +348,13 @@ mod tests {
        metasrv
    }

+    async fn send_request(client: &mut DuplexStream, request: &[u8]) -> String {
+        client.write_all(request).await.unwrap();
+        let mut buf = vec![0; 1024];
+        let n = client.read(&mut buf).await.unwrap();
+        String::from_utf8_lossy(&buf[..n]).to_string()
+    }
+
    #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
    async fn test_metasrv_maintenance_mode() {
        common_telemetry::init_default_ut_logging();
@@ -343,73 +373,188 @@ mod tests {
        });

        // Get maintenance mode
-        let http_request = b"GET /admin/maintenance HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: localhost\r\n\r\n";
-        client.write_all(http_request).await.unwrap();
-        let mut buf = vec![0; 1024];
-        let n = client.read(&mut buf).await.unwrap();
-        let response = String::from_utf8_lossy(&buf[..n]);
+        let response = send_request(
+            &mut client,
+            b"GET /admin/maintenance HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: localhost\r\n\r\n",
+        )
+        .await;
        assert!(response.contains(r#"{"enabled":false}"#));
        assert!(response.contains("200 OK"));

        // Set maintenance mode to true
-        let http_post = b"POST /admin/maintenance?enable=true HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: localhost\r\nContent-Length: 0\r\n\r\n";
-        client.write_all(http_post).await.unwrap();
-        let mut buf = vec![0; 1024];
-        let n = client.read(&mut buf).await.unwrap();
-        let response = String::from_utf8_lossy(&buf[..n]);
+        let response = send_request(
+            &mut client,
+            b"POST /admin/maintenance?enable=true HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: localhost\r\nContent-Length: 0\r\n\r\n",
+        )
+        .await;
        assert!(response.contains(r#"{"enabled":true}"#));
        assert!(response.contains("200 OK"));

        let enabled = metasrv
-            .maintenance_mode_manager()
+            .runtime_switch_manager()
            .maintenance_mode()
            .await
            .unwrap();
        assert!(enabled);

        // Get maintenance mode again
-        let http_request = b"GET /admin/maintenance HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: localhost\r\n\r\n";
-        client.write_all(http_request).await.unwrap();
-        let mut buf = vec![0; 1024];
-        let n = client.read(&mut buf).await.unwrap();
-        let response = String::from_utf8_lossy(&buf[..n]);
+        let response = send_request(
+            &mut client,
+            b"GET /admin/maintenance HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: localhost\r\n\r\n",
+        )
+        .await;
        assert!(response.contains(r#"{"enabled":true}"#));
        assert!(response.contains("200 OK"));

        // Set maintenance mode to false
-        let http_post = b"POST /admin/maintenance?enable=false HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: localhost\r\nContent-Length: 0\r\n\r\n";
-        client.write_all(http_post).await.unwrap();
-        let mut buf = vec![0; 1024];
-        let n = client.read(&mut buf).await.unwrap();
-        let response = String::from_utf8_lossy(&buf[..n]);
+        let response = send_request(
+            &mut client,
+            b"POST /admin/maintenance?enable=false HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: localhost\r\nContent-Length: 0\r\n\r\n",
+        )
+        .await;
        assert!(response.contains(r#"{"enabled":false}"#));
        assert!(response.contains("200 OK"));

        let enabled = metasrv
-            .maintenance_mode_manager()
+            .runtime_switch_manager()
            .maintenance_mode()
            .await
            .unwrap();
        assert!(!enabled);

        // Set maintenance mode to true via GET request
-        let http_request =
-            b"GET /admin/maintenance?enable=true HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: localhost\r\n\r\n";
-        client.write_all(http_request).await.unwrap();
-        let mut buf = vec![0; 1024];
-        let n = client.read(&mut buf).await.unwrap();
-        let response = String::from_utf8_lossy(&buf[..n]);
+        let response = send_request(
+            &mut client,
+            b"GET /admin/maintenance?enable=true HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: localhost\r\n\r\n",
+        )
+        .await;
        assert!(response.contains(r#"{"enabled":true}"#));
        assert!(response.contains("200 OK"));

        // Set maintenance mode to false via GET request
-        let http_request =
-            b"PUT /admin/maintenance?enable=false HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: localhost\r\n\r\n";
-        client.write_all(http_request).await.unwrap();
-        let mut buf = vec![0; 1024];
-        let n = client.read(&mut buf).await.unwrap();
-        let response = String::from_utf8_lossy(&buf[..n]);
+        let response = send_request(
+            &mut client,
+            b"PUT /admin/maintenance?enable=false HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: localhost\r\n\r\n",
+        )
+        .await;
        assert!(response.contains(r#"{"enabled":false}"#));
        assert!(response.contains("200 OK"));
+
+        // Get maintenance mode via status path
+        let response = send_request(
+            &mut client,
+            b"GET /admin/maintenance/status HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: localhost\r\n\r\n",
+        )
+        .await;
+        assert!(response.contains(r#"{"enabled":false}"#));
+
+        // Set maintenance mode via enable path
+        let response = send_request(
+            &mut client,
+            b"POST /admin/maintenance/enable HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: localhost\r\nContent-Length: 0\r\n\r\n",
+        )
+        .await;
+        assert!(response.contains(r#"{"enabled":true}"#));
+
+        // Unset maintenance mode via disable path
+        let response = send_request(
+            &mut client,
+            b"POST /admin/maintenance/disable HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: localhost\r\nContent-Length: 0\r\n\r\n",
+        )
+        .await;
+        assert!(response.contains(r#"{"enabled":false}"#));
+
+        // send POST request to status path
+        let response = send_request(
+            &mut client,
+            b"POST /admin/maintenance/status HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: localhost\r\nContent-Length: 0\r\n\r\n",
+        )
+        .await;
+        assert!(response.contains("404 Not Found"));
+
+        // send GET request to enable path
+        let response = send_request(
+            &mut client,
+            b"GET /admin/maintenance/enable HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: localhost\r\nContent-Length: 0\r\n\r\n",
+        )
+        .await;
+        assert!(response.contains("404 Not Found"));
+
+        // send GET request to disable path
+        let response = send_request(
+            &mut client,
+            b"GET /admin/maintenance/disable HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: localhost\r\nContent-Length: 0\r\n\r\n",
+        )
+        .await;
+        assert!(response.contains("404 Not Found"));
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
+    async fn test_metasrv_procedure_manager_handler() {
+        common_telemetry::init_default_ut_logging();
+        let kv_backend = Arc::new(MemoryKvBackend::new());
+        let metasrv = test_metasrv(kv_backend).await;
+        metasrv.try_start().await.unwrap();
+
+        let (mut client, server) = tokio::io::duplex(1024);
+        let metasrv = Arc::new(metasrv);
+        let service = metasrv.clone();
+        let _handle = tokio::spawn(async move {
+            let router = bootstrap::router(service);
+            router
+                .serve_with_incoming(futures::stream::iter(vec![Ok::<_, std::io::Error>(server)]))
+                .await
+        });
+
+        // send GET request to procedure-manager/status path
+        let response = send_request(
+            &mut client,
+            b"GET /admin/procedure-manager/status HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: localhost\r\n\r\n",
+        )
+        .await;
+        assert!(response.contains("200 OK"));
+        assert!(
+            response.contains(r#"{"status":"running"}"#),
+            "response: {}",
+            response
+        );
+
+        // send POST request to procedure-manager/pause path
+        let response = send_request(
+            &mut client,
+            b"POST /admin/procedure-manager/pause HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: localhost\r\n\r\n",
+        )
+        .await;
+        assert!(response.contains("200 OK"));
+        assert!(response.contains(r#"{"status":"paused"}"#));
+
+        // send POST request to procedure-manager/resume path
+        let response = send_request(
+            &mut client,
+            b"POST /admin/procedure-manager/resume HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: localhost\r\n\r\n",
+        )
+        .await;
+        assert!(response.contains("200 OK"));
+        assert!(
+            response.contains(r#"{"status":"running"}"#),
+            "response: {}",
+            response
+        );
+
+        // send GET request to procedure-manager/resume path
+        let response = send_request(
+            &mut client,
+            b"GET /admin/procedure-manager/resume HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: localhost\r\n\r\n",
+        )
+        .await;
+        assert!(response.contains("404 Not Found"));
+
+        // send GET request to procedure-manager/pause path
+        let response = send_request(
+            &mut client,
+            b"GET /admin/procedure-manager/pause HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: localhost\r\n\r\n",
+        )
+        .await;
+        assert!(response.contains("404 Not Found"));
    }
 }
--- a/src/meta-srv/src/service/admin/maintenance.rs
+++ b/src/meta-srv/src/service/admin/maintenance.rs
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@

 use std::collections::HashMap;

-use common_meta::key::maintenance::MaintenanceModeManagerRef;
+use common_meta::key::runtime_switch::RuntimeSwitchManagerRef;
 use common_telemetry::{info, warn};
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use snafu::{OptionExt, ResultExt};
@@ -22,14 +22,15 @@ use tonic::codegen::http;
 use tonic::codegen::http::Response;

 use crate::error::{
-    self, InvalidHttpBodySnafu, MaintenanceModeManagerSnafu, MissingRequiredParameterSnafu,
-    ParseBoolSnafu, Result, UnsupportedSnafu,
+    self, MissingRequiredParameterSnafu, ParseBoolSnafu, Result, RuntimeSwitchManagerSnafu,
+    UnsupportedSnafu,
 };
+use crate::service::admin::util::{to_json_response, to_not_found_response};
 use crate::service::admin::HttpHandler;

 #[derive(Clone)]
 pub struct MaintenanceHandler {
-    pub manager: MaintenanceModeManagerRef,
+    pub manager: RuntimeSwitchManagerRef,
 }

 #[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize)]
@@ -48,79 +49,124 @@ impl TryFrom<MaintenanceResponse> for String {
 }

 impl MaintenanceHandler {
-    async fn get_maintenance(&self) -> crate::Result<Response<String>> {
+    async fn get_maintenance(&self) -> crate::Result<MaintenanceResponse> {
        let enabled = self
            .manager
            .maintenance_mode()
            .await
-            .context(MaintenanceModeManagerSnafu)?;
-        let response = MaintenanceResponse { enabled }.try_into()?;
-        http::Response::builder()
-            .status(http::StatusCode::OK)
-            .body(response)
-            .context(InvalidHttpBodySnafu)
+            .context(RuntimeSwitchManagerSnafu)?;
+        Ok(MaintenanceResponse { enabled })
    }

-    async fn set_maintenance(
+    async fn set_maintenance(&self) -> crate::Result<MaintenanceResponse> {
+        self.manager
+            .set_maintenance_mode()
+            .await
+            .context(RuntimeSwitchManagerSnafu)?;
+        // TODO(weny): Add a record to the system events.
+        info!("Enable the maintenance mode.");
+        Ok(MaintenanceResponse { enabled: true })
+    }
+
+    async fn unset_maintenance(&self) -> crate::Result<MaintenanceResponse> {
+        self.manager
+            .unset_maintenance_mode()
+            .await
+            .context(RuntimeSwitchManagerSnafu)?;
+        // TODO(weny): Add a record to the system events.
+        info!("Disable the maintenance mode.");
+        Ok(MaintenanceResponse { enabled: false })
+    }
+
+    async fn handle_legacy_maintenance(
        &self,
        params: &HashMap<String, String>,
-    ) -> crate::Result<Response<String>> {
-        let enable = params
-            .get("enable")
-            .map(|v| v.parse::<bool>())
-            .context(MissingRequiredParameterSnafu { param: "enable" })?
-            .context(ParseBoolSnafu {
-                err_msg: "'enable' must be 'true' or 'false'",
-            })?;
-
+    ) -> crate::Result<MaintenanceResponse> {
+        let enable = get_enable_from_params(params)?;
        if enable {
-            self.manager
-                .set_maintenance_mode()
-                .await
-                .context(MaintenanceModeManagerSnafu)?;
-            info!("Enable the maintenance mode.");
+            self.set_maintenance().await
        } else {
-            self.manager
-                .unset_maintenance_mode()
-                .await
-                .context(MaintenanceModeManagerSnafu)?;
-            info!("Disable the maintenance mode.");
-        };
-
-        let response = MaintenanceResponse { enabled: enable }.try_into()?;
-        http::Response::builder()
-            .status(http::StatusCode::OK)
-            .body(response)
-            .context(InvalidHttpBodySnafu)
+            self.unset_maintenance().await
+        }
    }
 }

+fn get_enable_from_params(params: &HashMap<String, String>) -> crate::Result<bool> {
+    params
+        .get("enable")
+        .map(|v| v.parse::<bool>())
+        .context(MissingRequiredParameterSnafu { param: "enable" })?
+        .context(ParseBoolSnafu {
+            err_msg: "'enable' must be 'true' or 'false'",
+        })
+}
+
+const MAINTENANCE_PATH: &str = "maintenance";
+const ENABLE_SUFFIX: &str = "enable";
+const DISABLE_SUFFIX: &str = "disable";
+const STATUS_SUFFIX: &str = "status";
+
 #[async_trait::async_trait]
 impl HttpHandler for MaintenanceHandler {
+    // TODO(weny): Remove the legacy version of the maintenance API.
+    // However, we need to keep the legacy version for a while to avoid breaking the existing operators.
    async fn handle(
        &self,
-        _: &str,
+        path: &str,
        method: http::Method,
        params: &HashMap<String, String>,
    ) -> crate::Result<Response<String>> {
        match method {
            http::Method::GET => {
-                if params.is_empty() {
-                    self.get_maintenance().await
-                } else {
+                if path.ends_with(STATUS_SUFFIX) {
+                    // Handle GET request to '/admin/maintenance/status'
+                    let response = self.get_maintenance().await?;
+                    to_json_response(response)
+                } else if path.ends_with(MAINTENANCE_PATH) && params.is_empty() {
+                    // Handle GET request to '/admin/maintenance'. (The legacy version)
+                    let response = self.get_maintenance().await?;
+                    to_json_response(response)
+                } else if path.ends_with(MAINTENANCE_PATH) {
+                    // Handle GET request to '/admin/maintenance' with URL parameters. (The legacy version)
                    warn!(
                        "Found URL parameters in '/admin/maintenance' request, it's deprecated, will be removed in the future"
                    );
                    // The old version operator will send GET request with URL parameters,
                    // so we need to support it.
-                    self.set_maintenance(params).await
+                    let response = self.handle_legacy_maintenance(params).await?;
+                    to_json_response(response)
+                } else {
+                    to_not_found_response()
                }
            }
            http::Method::PUT => {
-                warn!("Found PUT request to '/admin/maintenance', it's deprecated, will be removed in the future");
-                self.set_maintenance(params).await
+                // Handle PUT request to '/admin/maintenance' with URL parameters. (The legacy version)
+                if path.ends_with(MAINTENANCE_PATH) {
+                    warn!("Found PUT request to '/admin/maintenance', it's deprecated, will be removed in the future");
+                    let response = self.handle_legacy_maintenance(params).await?;
+                    to_json_response(response)
+                } else {
+                    to_not_found_response()
+                }
+            }
+            http::Method::POST => {
+                // Handle POST request to '/admin/maintenance/enable'
+                if path.ends_with(ENABLE_SUFFIX) {
+                    let response = self.set_maintenance().await?;
+                    to_json_response(response)
+                } else if path.ends_with(DISABLE_SUFFIX) {
+                    // Handle POST request to '/admin/maintenance/disable'
+                    let response = self.unset_maintenance().await?;
+                    to_json_response(response)
+                } else if path.ends_with(MAINTENANCE_PATH) {
+                    // Handle POST request to '/admin/maintenance' with URL parameters. (The legacy version)
+                    warn!("Found PUT request to '/admin/maintenance', it's deprecated, will be removed in the future");
+                    let response = self.handle_legacy_maintenance(params).await?;
+                    to_json_response(response)
+                } else {
+                    to_not_found_response()
+                }
            }
-            http::Method::POST => self.set_maintenance(params).await,
            _ => UnsupportedSnafu {
                operation: format!("http method {method}"),
            }
--- a/src/meta-srv/src/service/admin/procedure.rs
+++ b/src/meta-srv/src/service/admin/procedure.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+// Copyright 2023 Greptime Team
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+
+use common_meta::key::runtime_switch::RuntimeSwitchManagerRef;
+use common_telemetry::info;
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use snafu::ResultExt;
+use tonic::codegen::http;
+use tonic::codegen::http::Response;
+
+use crate::error::RuntimeSwitchManagerSnafu;
+use crate::service::admin::util::{to_json_response, to_not_found_response};
+use crate::service::admin::HttpHandler;
+
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct ProcedureManagerHandler {
+    pub manager: RuntimeSwitchManagerRef,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+struct ProcedureManagerStatusResponse {
+    status: ProcedureManagerStatus,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "snake_case")]
+enum ProcedureManagerStatus {
+    Paused,
+    Running,
+}
+
+impl ProcedureManagerHandler {
+    async fn pause_procedure_manager(&self) -> crate::Result<ProcedureManagerStatusResponse> {
+        self.manager
+            .pasue_procedure()
+            .await
+            .context(RuntimeSwitchManagerSnafu)?;
+        // TODO(weny): Add a record to the system events.
+        info!("Pause the procedure manager.");
+        Ok(ProcedureManagerStatusResponse {
+            status: ProcedureManagerStatus::Paused,
+        })
+    }
+
+    async fn resume_procedure_manager(&self) -> crate::Result<ProcedureManagerStatusResponse> {
+        self.manager
+            .resume_procedure()
+            .await
+            .context(RuntimeSwitchManagerSnafu)?;
+        // TODO(weny): Add a record to the system events.
+        info!("Resume the procedure manager.");
+        Ok(ProcedureManagerStatusResponse {
+            status: ProcedureManagerStatus::Running,
+        })
+    }
+
+    async fn get_procedure_manager_status(&self) -> crate::Result<ProcedureManagerStatusResponse> {
+        let is_paused = self
+            .manager
+            .is_procedure_paused()
+            .await
+            .context(RuntimeSwitchManagerSnafu)?;
+        let response = ProcedureManagerStatusResponse {
+            status: if is_paused {
+                ProcedureManagerStatus::Paused
+            } else {
+                ProcedureManagerStatus::Running
+            },
+        };
+
+        Ok(response)
+    }
+}
+
+#[async_trait::async_trait]
+impl HttpHandler for ProcedureManagerHandler {
+    async fn handle(
+        &self,
+        path: &str,
+        method: http::Method,
+        _: &HashMap<String, String>,
+    ) -> crate::Result<Response<String>> {
+        match method {
+            http::Method::GET => {
+                if path.ends_with("status") {
+                    let response = self.get_procedure_manager_status().await?;
+                    to_json_response(response)
+                } else {
+                    to_not_found_response()
+                }
+            }
+            http::Method::POST => {
+                if path.ends_with("pause") {
+                    let response = self.pause_procedure_manager().await?;
+                    to_json_response(response)
+                } else if path.ends_with("resume") {
+                    let response = self.resume_procedure_manager().await?;
+                    to_json_response(response)
+                } else {
+                    to_not_found_response()
+                }
+            }
+            _ => to_not_found_response(),
+        }
+    }
+}
--- a/src/meta-srv/src/service/admin/util.rs
+++ b/src/meta-srv/src/service/admin/util.rs
@@ -12,11 +12,15 @@
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.

+use std::fmt::Debug;
+
+use serde::Serialize;
 use snafu::ResultExt;
 use tonic::codegen::http;

 use crate::error::{self, Result};

+/// Returns a 200 response with a text body.
 pub fn to_text_response(text: &str) -> Result<http::Response<String>> {
    http::Response::builder()
        .header("Content-Type", "text/plain")
@@ -24,3 +28,26 @@ pub fn to_text_response(text: &str) -> Result<http::Response<String>> {
        .body(text.to_string())
        .context(error::InvalidHttpBodySnafu)
 }
+
+/// Returns a 200 response with a JSON body.
+pub fn to_json_response<T>(response: T) -> Result<http::Response<String>>
+where
+    T: Serialize + Debug,
+{
+    let response = serde_json::to_string(&response).context(error::SerializeToJsonSnafu {
+        input: format!("{response:?}"),
+    })?;
+    http::Response::builder()
+        .header("Content-Type", "application/json")
+        .status(http::StatusCode::OK)
+        .body(response)
+        .context(error::InvalidHttpBodySnafu)
+}
+
+/// Returns a 404 response with an empty body.
+pub fn to_not_found_response() -> Result<http::Response<String>> {
+    http::Response::builder()
+        .status(http::StatusCode::NOT_FOUND)
+        .body("".to_string())
+        .context(error::InvalidHttpBodySnafu)
+}
--- a/src/metric-engine/src/engine.rs
+++ b/src/metric-engine/src/engine.rs
@@ -158,6 +158,7 @@ impl RegionEngine for MetricEngine {
                Ok(RegionResponse {
                    affected_rows: rows,
                    extensions: extension_return_value,
+                    metadata: Vec::new(),
                })
            }
            BatchRegionDdlRequest::Alter(requests) => {
@@ -171,6 +172,7 @@ impl RegionEngine for MetricEngine {
                Ok(RegionResponse {
                    affected_rows: rows,
                    extensions: extension_return_value,
+                    metadata: Vec::new(),
                })
            }
            BatchRegionDdlRequest::Drop(requests) => {
@@ -243,6 +245,7 @@ impl RegionEngine for MetricEngine {
        result.map_err(BoxedError::new).map(|rows| RegionResponse {
            affected_rows: rows,
            extensions: extension_return_value,
+            metadata: Vec::new(),
        })
    }

@@ -439,6 +442,7 @@ impl MetricEngine {
        Ok(RegionResponse {
            affected_rows,
            extensions,
+            metadata: Vec::new(),
        })
    }
 }
--- a/src/metric-engine/src/test_util.rs
+++ b/src/metric-engine/src/test_util.rs
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ impl TestEnv {

    /// Returns a new env with specific `prefix` and `config` for test.
    pub async fn with_prefix_and_config(prefix: &str, config: EngineConfig) -> Self {
-        let mut mito_env = MitoTestEnv::with_prefix(prefix);
+        let mut mito_env = MitoTestEnv::with_prefix(prefix).await;
        let mito = mito_env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;
        let metric = MetricEngine::try_new(mito.clone(), config).unwrap();
        Self {
--- a/src/mito2/src/access_layer.rs
+++ b/src/mito2/src/access_layer.rs
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ use std::sync::Arc;

 use object_store::services::Fs;
 use object_store::util::{join_dir, with_instrument_layers};
-use object_store::{ErrorKind, ObjectStore};
+use object_store::{ErrorKind, ObjectStore, ATOMIC_WRITE_DIR, OLD_ATOMIC_WRITE_DIR};
 use smallvec::SmallVec;
 use snafu::ResultExt;
 use store_api::metadata::RegionMetadataRef;
@@ -42,10 +42,6 @@ pub type AccessLayerRef = Arc<AccessLayer>;
 /// SST write results.
 pub type SstInfoArray = SmallVec<[SstInfo; 2]>;

-pub const ATOMIC_WRITE_DIR: &str = "tmp/";
-/// For compatibility. Remove this after a major version release.
-pub const OLD_ATOMIC_WRITE_DIR: &str = ".tmp/";
-
 /// A layer to access SST files under the same directory.
 pub struct AccessLayer {
    region_dir: String,
--- a/src/mito2/src/cache/index/inverted_index.rs
+++ b/src/mito2/src/cache/index/inverted_index.rs
@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ mod test {
        let blob = create_inverted_index_blob().await;

        // Init a test range reader in local fs.
-        let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+        let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
        let file_size = blob.len() as u64;
        let store = env.init_object_store_manager();
        let temp_path = "data";
--- a/src/mito2/src/cache/index/result_cache.rs
+++ b/src/mito2/src/cache/index/result_cache.rs
@@ -31,6 +31,11 @@ use crate::sst::parquet::row_selection::RowGroupSelection;
 const INDEX_RESULT_TYPE: &str = "index_result";

 /// Cache for storing index query results.
+///
+/// The `RowGroupSelection` is a collection of row groups that match the predicate.
+///
+/// Row groups can be partially searched. Row groups that not contained in `RowGroupSelection` are not searched.
+/// User can retrieve the partial results and handle uncontained row groups required by the predicate subsequently.
 pub struct IndexResultCache {
    cache: Cache<(PredicateKey, FileId), Arc<RowGroupSelection>>,
 }
@@ -64,6 +69,8 @@ impl IndexResultCache {
    }

    /// Puts a query result into the cache.
+    ///
+    /// Allow user to put a partial result (not containing all row groups) into the cache.
    pub fn put(&self, key: PredicateKey, file_id: FileId, result: Arc<RowGroupSelection>) {
        let key = (key, file_id);
        let size = Self::index_result_cache_weight(&key, &result);
@@ -74,6 +81,9 @@ impl IndexResultCache {
    }

    /// Gets a query result from the cache.
+    ///
+    /// Note: the returned `RowGroupSelection` only contains the row groups that are searched.
+    ///       Caller should handle the uncontained row groups required by the predicate subsequently.
    pub fn get(&self, key: &PredicateKey, file_id: FileId) -> Option<Arc<RowGroupSelection>> {
        let res = self.cache.get(&(key.clone(), file_id));
        if res.is_some() {
--- a/src/mito2/src/cache/write_cache.rs
+++ b/src/mito2/src/cache/write_cache.rs
@@ -430,9 +430,10 @@ impl UploadTracker {
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
    use common_test_util::temp_dir::create_temp_dir;
+    use object_store::ATOMIC_WRITE_DIR;

    use super::*;
-    use crate::access_layer::{OperationType, ATOMIC_WRITE_DIR};
+    use crate::access_layer::OperationType;
    use crate::cache::test_util::new_fs_store;
    use crate::cache::{CacheManager, CacheStrategy};
    use crate::error::InvalidBatchSnafu;
@@ -449,7 +450,7 @@ mod tests {
    async fn test_write_and_upload_sst() {
        // TODO(QuenKar): maybe find a way to create some object server for testing,
        // and now just use local file system to mock.
-        let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+        let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
        let mock_store = env.init_object_store_manager();
        let path_provider = RegionFilePathFactory::new("test".to_string());

@@ -537,7 +538,7 @@ mod tests {
    #[tokio::test]
    async fn test_read_metadata_from_write_cache() {
        common_telemetry::init_default_ut_logging();
-        let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+        let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
        let data_home = env.data_home().display().to_string();
        let mock_store = env.init_object_store_manager();

@@ -606,7 +607,7 @@ mod tests {
    #[tokio::test]
    async fn test_write_cache_clean_tmp_files() {
        common_telemetry::init_default_ut_logging();
-        let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+        let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
        let data_home = env.data_home().display().to_string();
        let mock_store = env.init_object_store_manager();

--- a/src/mito2/src/engine.rs
+++ b/src/mito2/src/engine.rs
@@ -80,7 +80,6 @@ use snafu::{ensure, OptionExt, ResultExt};
 use store_api::codec::PrimaryKeyEncoding;
 use store_api::logstore::provider::Provider;
 use store_api::logstore::LogStore;
-use store_api::manifest::ManifestVersion;
 use store_api::metadata::RegionMetadataRef;
 use store_api::metric_engine_consts::MANIFEST_INFO_EXTENSION_KEY;
 use store_api::region_engine::{
@@ -89,6 +88,7 @@ use store_api::region_engine::{
 };
 use store_api::region_request::{AffectedRows, RegionOpenRequest, RegionRequest};
 use store_api::storage::{RegionId, ScanRequest, SequenceNumber};
+use store_api::ManifestVersion;
 use tokio::sync::{oneshot, Semaphore};

 use crate::cache::CacheStrategy;
@@ -101,6 +101,7 @@ use crate::manifest::action::RegionEdit;
 use crate::memtable::MemtableStats;
 use crate::metrics::HANDLE_REQUEST_ELAPSED;
 use crate::read::scan_region::{ScanRegion, Scanner};
+use crate::read::stream::ScanBatchStream;
 use crate::region::MitoRegionRef;
 use crate::request::{RegionEditRequest, WorkerRequest};
 use crate::sst::file::FileMeta;
@@ -183,6 +184,18 @@ impl MitoEngine {
            .await
    }

+    /// Scan [`Batch`]es by [`ScanRequest`].
+    pub async fn scan_batch(
+        &self,
+        region_id: RegionId,
+        request: ScanRequest,
+        filter_deleted: bool,
+    ) -> Result<ScanBatchStream> {
+        let mut scan_region = self.scan_region(region_id, request)?;
+        scan_region.set_filter_deleted(filter_deleted);
+        scan_region.scanner().await?.scan_batch()
+    }
+
    /// Returns a scanner to scan for `request`.
    async fn scanner(&self, region_id: RegionId, request: ScanRequest) -> Result<Scanner> {
        self.scan_region(region_id, request)?.scanner().await
--- a/src/mito2/src/engine/alter_test.rs
+++ b/src/mito2/src/engine/alter_test.rs
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ fn check_region_version(
 async fn test_alter_region() {
    common_telemetry::init_default_ut_logging();

-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ fn build_rows_for_tags(

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_put_after_alter() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;
    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
    let request = CreateRequestBuilder::new().build();
@@ -316,7 +316,7 @@ async fn test_put_after_alter() {
 async fn test_alter_region_retry() {
    common_telemetry::init_default_ut_logging();

-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
@@ -374,7 +374,7 @@ async fn test_alter_region_retry() {
 async fn test_alter_on_flushing() {
    common_telemetry::init_default_ut_logging();

-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let listener = Arc::new(AlterFlushListener::default());
    let engine = env
        .create_engine_with(MitoConfig::default(), None, Some(listener.clone()))
@@ -478,7 +478,7 @@ async fn test_alter_on_flushing() {
 async fn test_alter_column_fulltext_options() {
    common_telemetry::init_default_ut_logging();

-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let listener = Arc::new(AlterFlushListener::default());
    let engine = env
        .create_engine_with(MitoConfig::default(), None, Some(listener.clone()))
@@ -597,7 +597,7 @@ async fn test_alter_column_fulltext_options() {
 async fn test_alter_column_set_inverted_index() {
    common_telemetry::init_default_ut_logging();

-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let listener = Arc::new(AlterFlushListener::default());
    let engine = env
        .create_engine_with(MitoConfig::default(), None, Some(listener.clone()))
@@ -707,7 +707,7 @@ async fn test_alter_column_set_inverted_index() {
 async fn test_alter_region_ttl_options() {
    common_telemetry::init_default_ut_logging();

-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let listener = Arc::new(AlterFlushListener::default());
    let engine = env
        .create_engine_with(MitoConfig::default(), None, Some(listener.clone()))
@@ -757,7 +757,7 @@ async fn test_alter_region_ttl_options() {
 async fn test_write_stall_on_altering() {
    common_telemetry::init_default_ut_logging();

-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let listener = Arc::new(NotifyRegionChangeResultListener::default());
    let engine = env
        .create_engine_with(MitoConfig::default(), None, Some(listener.clone()))
--- a/src/mito2/src/engine/append_mode_test.rs
+++ b/src/mito2/src/engine/append_mode_test.rs
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ use crate::test_util::{
 async fn test_append_mode_write_query() {
    common_telemetry::init_default_ut_logging();

-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ async fn test_append_mode_write_query() {

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_append_mode_compaction() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let engine = env
        .create_engine(MitoConfig {
            ..Default::default()
--- a/src/mito2/src/engine/basic_test.rs
+++ b/src/mito2/src/engine/basic_test.rs
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ use crate::test_util::{

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_engine_new_stop() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::with_prefix("engine-stop");
+    let mut env = TestEnv::with_prefix("engine-stop").await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ async fn test_engine_new_stop() {

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_write_to_region() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::with_prefix("write-to-region");
+    let mut env = TestEnv::with_prefix("write-to-region").await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
@@ -97,7 +97,9 @@ async fn test_region_replay(factory: Option<LogStoreFactory>) {
    let Some(factory) = factory else {
        return;
    };
-    let mut env = TestEnv::with_prefix("region-replay").with_log_store_factory(factory.clone());
+    let mut env = TestEnv::with_prefix("region-replay")
+        .await
+        .with_log_store_factory(factory.clone());
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
@@ -173,7 +175,7 @@ async fn test_region_replay(factory: Option<LogStoreFactory>) {

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_write_query_region() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
@@ -207,7 +209,7 @@ async fn test_write_query_region() {

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_different_order() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
@@ -268,7 +270,7 @@ async fn test_different_order() {

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_different_order_and_type() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
@@ -332,7 +334,7 @@ async fn test_different_order_and_type() {
 async fn test_put_delete() {
    common_telemetry::init_default_ut_logging();

-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
@@ -384,7 +386,7 @@ async fn test_put_delete() {

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_delete_not_null_fields() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
@@ -433,7 +435,7 @@ async fn test_delete_not_null_fields() {

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_put_overwrite() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
@@ -493,7 +495,7 @@ async fn test_put_overwrite() {

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_absent_and_invalid_columns() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
@@ -541,7 +543,7 @@ async fn test_absent_and_invalid_columns() {

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_region_usage() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::with_prefix("region_usage");
+    let mut env = TestEnv::with_prefix("region_usage").await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
@@ -595,7 +597,7 @@ async fn test_region_usage() {
 async fn test_engine_with_write_cache() {
    common_telemetry::init_default_ut_logging();

-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let path = env.data_home().to_str().unwrap().to_string();
    let mito_config = MitoConfig::default().enable_write_cache(path, ReadableSize::mb(512), None);
    let engine = env.create_engine(mito_config).await;
@@ -635,7 +637,7 @@ async fn test_engine_with_write_cache() {

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_cache_null_primary_key() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let engine = env
        .create_engine(MitoConfig {
            vector_cache_size: ReadableSize::mb(32),
--- a/src/mito2/src/engine/batch_open_test.rs
+++ b/src/mito2/src/engine/batch_open_test.rs
@@ -39,8 +39,9 @@ async fn test_batch_open(factory: Option<LogStoreFactory>) {
    let Some(factory) = factory else {
        return;
    };
-    let mut env =
-        TestEnv::with_prefix("open-batch-regions").with_log_store_factory(factory.clone());
+    let mut env = TestEnv::with_prefix("open-batch-regions")
+        .await
+        .with_log_store_factory(factory.clone());
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;
    let topic = prepare_test_for_kafka_log_store(&factory).await;

@@ -160,8 +161,9 @@ async fn test_batch_open_err(factory: Option<LogStoreFactory>) {
    let Some(factory) = factory else {
        return;
    };
-    let mut env =
-        TestEnv::with_prefix("open-batch-regions-err").with_log_store_factory(factory.clone());
+    let mut env = TestEnv::with_prefix("open-batch-regions-err")
+        .await
+        .with_log_store_factory(factory.clone());
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;
    let topic = prepare_test_for_kafka_log_store(&factory).await;
    let mut options = HashMap::new();
--- a/src/mito2/src/engine/catchup_test.rs
+++ b/src/mito2/src/engine/catchup_test.rs
@@ -57,7 +57,9 @@ async fn test_catchup_with_last_entry_id(factory: Option<LogStoreFactory>) {
        return;
    };

-    let mut env = TestEnv::with_prefix("last_entry_id").with_log_store_factory(factory.clone());
+    let mut env = TestEnv::with_prefix("last_entry_id")
+        .await
+        .with_log_store_factory(factory.clone());
    let topic = prepare_test_for_kafka_log_store(&factory).await;
    let leader_engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;
    let follower_engine = env.create_follower_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;
@@ -175,8 +177,9 @@ async fn test_catchup_with_incorrect_last_entry_id(factory: Option<LogStoreFacto
        return;
    };

-    let mut env =
-        TestEnv::with_prefix("incorrect_last_entry_id").with_log_store_factory(factory.clone());
+    let mut env = TestEnv::with_prefix("incorrect_last_entry_id")
+        .await
+        .with_log_store_factory(factory.clone());
    let topic = prepare_test_for_kafka_log_store(&factory).await;
    let leader_engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;
    let follower_engine = env.create_follower_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;
@@ -277,8 +280,9 @@ async fn test_catchup_without_last_entry_id(factory: Option<LogStoreFactory>) {
        return;
    };

-    let mut env =
-        TestEnv::with_prefix("without_last_entry_id").with_log_store_factory(factory.clone());
+    let mut env = TestEnv::with_prefix("without_last_entry_id")
+        .await
+        .with_log_store_factory(factory.clone());
    let topic = prepare_test_for_kafka_log_store(&factory).await;
    let leader_engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;
    let follower_engine = env.create_follower_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;
@@ -380,8 +384,9 @@ async fn test_catchup_with_manifest_update(factory: Option<LogStoreFactory>) {
        return;
    };

-    let mut env =
-        TestEnv::with_prefix("without_manifest_update").with_log_store_factory(factory.clone());
+    let mut env = TestEnv::with_prefix("without_manifest_update")
+        .await
+        .with_log_store_factory(factory.clone());
    let topic = prepare_test_for_kafka_log_store(&factory).await;
    let leader_engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;
    let follower_engine = env.create_follower_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;
@@ -545,7 +550,9 @@ async fn test_local_catchup(factory: Option<LogStoreFactory>) {
        return;
    };

-    let mut env = TestEnv::with_prefix("local_catchup").with_log_store_factory(factory.clone());
+    let mut env = TestEnv::with_prefix("local_catchup")
+        .await
+        .with_log_store_factory(factory.clone());
    let leader_engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;
    let Some(LogStoreImpl::RaftEngine(log_store)) = env.get_log_store() else {
        unreachable!()
@@ -686,7 +693,7 @@ async fn test_local_catchup(factory: Option<LogStoreFactory>) {

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_catchup_not_exist() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let non_exist_region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
--- a/src/mito2/src/engine/close_test.rs
+++ b/src/mito2/src/engine/close_test.rs
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ use crate::test_util::{CreateRequestBuilder, TestEnv};

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_engine_close_region() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::with_prefix("close");
+    let mut env = TestEnv::with_prefix("close").await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
--- a/src/mito2/src/engine/compaction_test.rs
+++ b/src/mito2/src/engine/compaction_test.rs
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ async fn collect_stream_ts(stream: SendableRecordBatchStream) -> Vec<i64> {
 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_compaction_region() {
    common_telemetry::init_default_ut_logging();
-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ async fn test_compaction_region() {
 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_infer_compaction_time_window() {
    common_telemetry::init_default_ut_logging();
-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
@@ -341,7 +341,7 @@ async fn test_infer_compaction_time_window() {
 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_compaction_overlapping_files() {
    common_telemetry::init_default_ut_logging();
-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
@@ -402,7 +402,7 @@ async fn test_compaction_overlapping_files() {
 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_compaction_region_with_overlapping() {
    common_telemetry::init_default_ut_logging();
-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;
    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);

@@ -450,7 +450,7 @@ async fn test_compaction_region_with_overlapping() {
 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_compaction_region_with_overlapping_delete_all() {
    common_telemetry::init_default_ut_logging();
-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
@@ -506,7 +506,7 @@ async fn test_compaction_region_with_overlapping_delete_all() {
 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_readonly_during_compaction() {
    common_telemetry::init_default_ut_logging();
-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let listener = Arc::new(CompactionListener::default());
    let engine = env
        .create_engine_with(
@@ -590,7 +590,7 @@ async fn test_readonly_during_compaction() {
 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_compaction_update_time_window() {
    common_telemetry::init_default_ut_logging();
-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
@@ -686,7 +686,7 @@ async fn test_compaction_update_time_window() {
 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_change_region_compaction_window() {
    common_telemetry::init_default_ut_logging();
-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
@@ -811,7 +811,7 @@ async fn test_change_region_compaction_window() {
 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_open_overwrite_compaction_window() {
    common_telemetry::init_default_ut_logging();
-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
--- a/src/mito2/src/engine/create_test.rs
+++ b/src/mito2/src/engine/create_test.rs
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ use crate::test_util::{build_rows, put_rows, rows_schema, CreateRequestBuilder,

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_engine_create_new_region() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::with_prefix("new-region");
+    let mut env = TestEnv::with_prefix("new-region").await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ async fn test_engine_create_new_region() {

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_engine_create_existing_region() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::with_prefix("create-existing");
+    let mut env = TestEnv::with_prefix("create-existing").await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ async fn test_engine_create_existing_region() {
 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_engine_create_close_create_region() {
    // This test will trigger create_or_open function.
-    let mut env = TestEnv::with_prefix("create-close-create");
+    let mut env = TestEnv::with_prefix("create-close-create").await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ async fn test_engine_create_close_create_region() {

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_engine_create_with_different_id() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ async fn test_engine_create_with_different_id() {

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_engine_create_with_different_schema() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ async fn test_engine_create_with_different_schema() {

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_engine_create_with_different_primary_key() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ async fn test_engine_create_with_different_primary_key() {

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_engine_create_with_options() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ async fn test_engine_create_with_options() {

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_engine_create_with_custom_store() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let engine = env
        .create_engine_with_multiple_object_stores(MitoConfig::default(), None, None, &["Gcs"])
        .await;
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ async fn test_engine_create_with_custom_store() {

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_engine_create_with_memtable_opts() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
--- a/src/mito2/src/engine/drop_test.rs
+++ b/src/mito2/src/engine/drop_test.rs
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ use crate::worker::DROPPING_MARKER_FILE;
 async fn test_engine_drop_region() {
    common_telemetry::init_default_ut_logging();

-    let mut env = TestEnv::with_prefix("drop");
+    let mut env = TestEnv::with_prefix("drop").await;
    let listener = Arc::new(DropListener::new(Duration::from_millis(100)));
    let engine = env
        .create_engine_with(MitoConfig::default(), None, Some(listener.clone()))
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ async fn test_engine_drop_region_for_custom_store() {
        put_rows(engine, region_id, rows).await;
        flush_region(engine, region_id, None).await;
    }
-    let mut env = TestEnv::with_prefix("drop");
+    let mut env = TestEnv::with_prefix("drop").await;
    let listener = Arc::new(DropListener::new(Duration::from_millis(100)));
    let engine = env
        .create_engine_with_multiple_object_stores(
--- a/src/mito2/src/engine/edit_region_test.rs
+++ b/src/mito2/src/engine/edit_region_test.rs
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ use crate::test_util::{CreateRequestBuilder, TestEnv};

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_edit_region_schedule_compaction() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;

    struct EditRegionListener {
        tx: Mutex<Option<oneshot::Sender<RegionId>>>,
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ async fn test_edit_region_schedule_compaction() {

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_edit_region_fill_cache() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;

    struct EditRegionListener {
        tx: Mutex<Option<oneshot::Sender<FileId>>>,
@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ async fn test_edit_region_concurrently() {
        }
    }

-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let engine = env
        .create_engine(MitoConfig {
            // Suppress the compaction to not impede the speed of this kinda stress testing.
--- a/src/mito2/src/engine/filter_deleted_test.rs
+++ b/src/mito2/src/engine/filter_deleted_test.rs
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ use crate::test_util::{
 async fn test_scan_without_filtering_deleted() {
    common_telemetry::init_default_ut_logging();

-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
--- a/src/mito2/src/engine/flush_test.rs
+++ b/src/mito2/src/engine/flush_test.rs
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ use crate::worker::MAX_INITIAL_CHECK_DELAY_SECS;

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_manual_flush() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ async fn test_manual_flush() {

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_flush_engine() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let write_buffer_manager = Arc::new(MockWriteBufferManager::default());
    let listener = Arc::new(FlushListener::default());
    let engine = env
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ async fn test_flush_engine() {

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_write_stall() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let write_buffer_manager = Arc::new(MockWriteBufferManager::default());
    let listener = Arc::new(StallListener::default());
    let engine = env
@@ -236,7 +236,7 @@ async fn test_write_stall() {

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_flush_empty() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let write_buffer_manager = Arc::new(MockWriteBufferManager::default());
    let engine = env
        .create_engine_with(
@@ -289,7 +289,7 @@ async fn test_flush_reopen_region(factory: Option<LogStoreFactory>) {
        return;
    };

-    let mut env = TestEnv::new().with_log_store_factory(factory.clone());
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await.with_log_store_factory(factory.clone());
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;
    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
    env.get_schema_metadata_manager()
@@ -396,7 +396,7 @@ impl MockTimeProvider {

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_auto_flush_engine() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let write_buffer_manager = Arc::new(MockWriteBufferManager::default());
    let listener = Arc::new(FlushListener::default());
    let now = current_time_millis();
@@ -467,7 +467,7 @@ async fn test_auto_flush_engine() {

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_flush_workers() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let write_buffer_manager = Arc::new(MockWriteBufferManager::default());
    let listener = Arc::new(FlushListener::default());
    let engine = env
@@ -554,7 +554,7 @@ async fn test_update_topic_latest_entry_id(factory: Option<LogStoreFactory>) {
    let write_buffer_manager = Arc::new(MockWriteBufferManager::default());
    let listener = Arc::new(FlushListener::default());

-    let mut env = TestEnv::new().with_log_store_factory(factory.clone());
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await.with_log_store_factory(factory.clone());
    let engine = env
        .create_engine_with(
            MitoConfig::default(),
--- a/src/mito2/src/engine/merge_mode_test.rs
+++ b/src/mito2/src/engine/merge_mode_test.rs
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ use crate::test_util::{
 async fn test_merge_mode_write_query() {
    common_telemetry::init_default_ut_logging();

-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ async fn test_merge_mode_write_query() {
 async fn test_merge_mode_compaction() {
    common_telemetry::init_default_ut_logging();

-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let engine = env
        .create_engine(MitoConfig {
            ..Default::default()
--- a/src/mito2/src/engine/open_test.rs
+++ b/src/mito2/src/engine/open_test.rs
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ use crate::test_util::{

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_engine_open_empty() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::with_prefix("open-empty");
+    let mut env = TestEnv::with_prefix("open-empty").await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ async fn test_engine_open_empty() {

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_engine_open_existing() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::with_prefix("open-exiting");
+    let mut env = TestEnv::with_prefix("open-exiting").await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ async fn test_engine_open_existing() {

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_engine_reopen_region() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::with_prefix("reopen-region");
+    let mut env = TestEnv::with_prefix("reopen-region").await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ async fn test_engine_reopen_region() {

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_engine_open_readonly() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ async fn test_engine_open_readonly() {

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_engine_region_open_with_options() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ async fn test_engine_region_open_with_options() {

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_engine_region_open_with_custom_store() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let engine = env
        .create_engine_with_multiple_object_stores(MitoConfig::default(), None, None, &["Gcs"])
        .await;
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ async fn test_engine_region_open_with_custom_store() {

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_open_region_skip_wal_replay() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
@@ -344,7 +344,7 @@ async fn test_open_region_skip_wal_replay() {

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_open_region_wait_for_opening_region_ok() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::with_prefix("wait-for-opening-region-ok");
+    let mut env = TestEnv::with_prefix("wait-for-opening-region-ok").await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;
    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
    let worker = engine.inner.workers.worker(region_id);
@@ -383,7 +383,7 @@ async fn test_open_region_wait_for_opening_region_ok() {

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_open_region_wait_for_opening_region_err() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::with_prefix("wait-for-opening-region-err");
+    let mut env = TestEnv::with_prefix("wait-for-opening-region-err").await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;
    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
    let worker = engine.inner.workers.worker(region_id);
@@ -428,7 +428,7 @@ async fn test_open_region_wait_for_opening_region_err() {

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_open_compaction_region() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let mut mito_config = MitoConfig::default();
    mito_config
        .sanitize(&env.data_home().display().to_string())
--- a/src/mito2/src/engine/parallel_test.rs
+++ b/src/mito2/src/engine/parallel_test.rs
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ async fn scan_in_parallel(

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_parallel_scan() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
--- a/src/mito2/src/engine/projection_test.rs
+++ b/src/mito2/src/engine/projection_test.rs
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ fn build_rows_multi_tags_fields(

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_scan_projection() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
--- a/src/mito2/src/engine/prune_test.rs
+++ b/src/mito2/src/engine/prune_test.rs
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ use crate::test_util::{
 };

 async fn check_prune_row_groups(exprs: Vec<Expr>, expected: &str) {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ fn time_range_expr(start_sec: i64, end_sec: i64) -> Expr {

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_prune_memtable() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ async fn test_prune_memtable() {

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_prune_memtable_complex_expr() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
@@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ async fn test_prune_memtable_complex_expr() {

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_mem_range_prune() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
--- a/src/mito2/src/engine/row_selector_test.rs
+++ b/src/mito2/src/engine/row_selector_test.rs
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ use crate::test_util::{
 };

 async fn test_last_row(append_mode: bool) {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;
    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);

--- a/src/mito2/src/engine/scan_test.rs
+++ b/src/mito2/src/engine/scan_test.rs
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ use crate::test_util::{CreateRequestBuilder, TestEnv};

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_scan_with_min_sst_sequence() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::with_prefix("test_scan_with_min_sst_sequence");
+    let mut env = TestEnv::with_prefix("test_scan_with_min_sst_sequence").await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ async fn test_scan_with_min_sst_sequence() {

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_series_scan() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::with_prefix("test_series_scan");
+    let mut env = TestEnv::with_prefix("test_series_scan").await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
--- a/src/mito2/src/engine/set_role_state_test.rs
+++ b/src/mito2/src/engine/set_role_state_test.rs
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ async fn test_set_role_state_gracefully() {
        SettableRegionRoleState::DowngradingLeader,
    ];
    for settable_role_state in settable_role_states {
-        let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+        let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
        let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

        let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ async fn test_set_role_state_gracefully() {

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_set_role_state_gracefully_not_exist() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::new();
+    let mut env = TestEnv::new().await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let non_exist_region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ async fn test_set_role_state_gracefully_not_exist() {

 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_write_downgrading_region() {
-    let mut env = TestEnv::with_prefix("write-to-downgrading-region");
+    let mut env = TestEnv::with_prefix("write-to-downgrading-region").await;
    let engine = env.create_engine(MitoConfig::default()).await;

    let region_id = RegionId::new(1, 1);
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
Yingwen	bc42d35c2a	chore: bump version to 0.16 (#6417 ) Signed-off-by: evenyag <realevenyag@gmail.com>	2025-06-28 01:46:01 +00:00
fys	524bdfff22	fix: add cfg for DecodeSqlValue error (#6420 )	2025-06-28 01:39:06 +00:00
fys	6bed0b6ba0	feat: add trigger-related error code (#6419 )	2025-06-28 01:25:20 +00:00
shuiyisong	dec8c52b18	feat(pipeline): support Loki API (#6390 ) * chore: use schema_info Signed-off-by: shuiyisong <xixing.sys@gmail.com> * refactor: abstract loki item generator Signed-off-by: shuiyisong <xixing.sys@gmail.com> * chore: introduce middle item Signed-off-by: shuiyisong <xixing.sys@gmail.com> * feat: introduce pipeline in loki api Signed-off-by: shuiyisong <xixing.sys@gmail.com> * test: add tests Signed-off-by: shuiyisong <xixing.sys@gmail.com> * chore: minor update Signed-off-by: shuiyisong <xixing.sys@gmail.com> * chore: minor update Signed-off-by: shuiyisong <xixing.sys@gmail.com> * chore: update prefix and test Signed-off-by: shuiyisong <xixing.sys@gmail.com> * chore: change recursion to loop Signed-off-by: shuiyisong <xixing.sys@gmail.com> * fix: cr issue Signed-off-by: shuiyisong <xixing.sys@gmail.com> --------- Signed-off-by: shuiyisong <xixing.sys@gmail.com>	2025-06-28 01:01:08 +00:00
zyy17	753a7e1a24	refactor: pass pipeline name through http header and get db from query context (#6405 ) Signed-off-by: zyy17 <zyylsxm@gmail.com>	2025-06-27 10:43:37 +00:00
Lei, HUANG	6684200fce	fix: skip failing nodes when gathering porcess info (#6412 ) * fix/process-manager-skip-fail-nodes: - Enhance Error Handling in `process_manager.rs`: Improved error handling by adding a warning log for failing nodes in the `list_process` method. This ensures that the process listing continues even if some nodes fail to respond. - Add Error Type Import in `process_manager.rs`: Included the `Error` type from the `error` module to handle errors more effectively within the `ProcessManager` implementation. Signed-off-by: Lei, HUANG <mrsatangel@gmail.com> * fix: clippy Signed-off-by: Lei, HUANG <mrsatangel@gmail.com> * fix/process-manager-skip-fail-nodes: Enhancements to Debugging and Trait Implementation - `process_manager.rs`: Improved logging by adding more detailed error messages when skipping failing nodes. - `selector.rs`: Enhanced the `FrontendClient` trait by adding the `Debug` trait bound to improve debugging capabilities. Signed-off-by: Lei, HUANG <mrsatangel@gmail.com> --------- Signed-off-by: Lei, HUANG <mrsatangel@gmail.com>	2025-06-27 08:20:01 +00:00
Weny Xu	5fcb97724f	chore: correct typo in configuration (#6411 ) Signed-off-by: WenyXu <wenymedia@gmail.com>	2025-06-27 07:55:13 +00:00
Zhenchi	ff559b2688	fix: complete partial index search results in cache (#6403 ) * fix: complete partial index search results in cache Signed-off-by: Zhenchi <zhongzc_arch@outlook.com> * polish Signed-off-by: Zhenchi <zhongzc_arch@outlook.com> * address comments Signed-off-by: Zhenchi <zhongzc_arch@outlook.com> * add initial tests Signed-off-by: Zhenchi <zhongzc_arch@outlook.com> * cover issue case Signed-off-by: Zhenchi <zhongzc_arch@outlook.com> * TestEnv new -> async Signed-off-by: Zhenchi <zhongzc_arch@outlook.com> --------- Signed-off-by: Zhenchi <zhongzc_arch@outlook.com>	2025-06-27 07:40:14 +00:00
Ruihang Xia	8473a34fc9	feat: `Collider` for playing with `PartitionRule` (#6399 ) * skeleton Signed-off-by: Ruihang Xia <waynestxia@gmail.com> * initial impl and tests Signed-off-by: Ruihang Xia <waynestxia@gmail.com> * refactor and reorganize Signed-off-by: Ruihang Xia <waynestxia@gmail.com> * fix clippy Signed-off-by: Ruihang Xia <waynestxia@gmail.com> * fix typo Signed-off-by: Ruihang Xia <waynestxia@gmail.com> * add comment Signed-off-by: Ruihang Xia <waynestxia@gmail.com> * error handling Signed-off-by: Ruihang Xia <waynestxia@gmail.com> * explain naming Signed-off-by: Ruihang Xia <waynestxia@gmail.com> --------- Signed-off-by: Ruihang Xia <waynestxia@gmail.com>	2025-06-27 07:15:33 +00:00
jeremyhi	df0ebf0378	feat: override logical table's partition key indices (#6385 ) * feat: Override logical table's partition key indices with physical table's * chore: by comment	2025-06-27 02:55:56 +00:00
Weny Xu	4a665fd27b	refactor: move `#[allow(clippy::print_stdout)]` to lib level (#6398 ) chore: allow cli to print stdout Signed-off-by: WenyXu <wenymedia@gmail.com>	2025-06-27 02:40:12 +00:00
Yingwen	b4d6441716	refactor: rename test show_processList to show_process_list (#6408 ) refactor: rename show_processList to show_process_list Signed-off-by: evenyag <realevenyag@gmail.com>	2025-06-27 01:18:54 +00:00
liyang	bdd50a2263	ci: try to fix the job permissions (#6407 ) Signed-off-by: liyang <daviderli614@gmail.com>	2025-06-26 17:23:43 +00:00
codephage	f87b12b2aa	feat: remove own pow fn (#6404 ) feat remove own pow fn Signed-off-by: codephage. <381510760@qq.com>	2025-06-26 09:27:30 +00:00
Yiran	07eec083b9	fix: doc issue assignee (#6406 ) Signed-off-by: Yiran <cuiyiran3@gmail.com>	2025-06-26 09:18:47 +00:00
Weny Xu	4737285275	feat: implement pause/resume functionality for procedure manager (#6393 ) * feat: implement pause/resume functionality for procedure manager Signed-off-by: WenyXu <wenymedia@gmail.com> * chore: apply suggestions from CR Signed-off-by: WenyXu <wenymedia@gmail.com> * chore: apply suggestions from CR Signed-off-by: WenyXu <wenymedia@gmail.com> --------- Signed-off-by: WenyXu <wenymedia@gmail.com>	2025-06-26 01:57:12 +00:00
codephage	55f5e09885	fix: sqlness_test show_processList (#6401 ) fix test sqlness_test show_processList Signed-off-by: codephage. <381510760@qq.com>	2025-06-26 01:53:55 +00:00
liyang	9ab36e9a6f	test: add a test load configuration example for flownode (#6397 ) * test: add a test load configuration example for flownode Signed-off-by: liyang <daviderli614@gmail.com> * format rust Signed-off-by: liyang <daviderli614@gmail.com> * fix cargo clippy Signed-off-by: liyang <daviderli614@gmail.com> * refine FlownodeOptions visibility Signed-off-by: liyang <daviderli614@gmail.com> * format rust Signed-off-by: liyang <daviderli614@gmail.com> --------- Signed-off-by: liyang <daviderli614@gmail.com>	2025-06-26 01:48:53 +00:00
Lei, HUANG	4bb5d00a4b	fix(http): apply string validation mode to pipeline processor (#6378 ) * fix/apply-string-validation-to-pipeline: ### Commit Summary - Refactor `decode_string` Functionality: - Moved `decode_string` logic into `PromValidationMode` as a method `decode_string`. - Updated all references to use the new method. - Files affected: `http.rs`, `prom_row_builder.rs`, `proto.rs`. - Logging Enhancements: - Added `debug` logging for invalid UTF-8 string values. - File affected: `http.rs`. - Test Updates: - Modified tests to use the new `decode_string` method in `PromValidationMode`. - File affected: `proto.rs`. Signed-off-by: Lei, HUANG <mrsatangel@gmail.com> * fix clippy Signed-off-by: Lei, HUANG <mrsatangel@gmail.com> --------- Signed-off-by: Lei, HUANG <mrsatangel@gmail.com>	2025-06-25 18:56:35 +00:00
Lei, HUANG	1d07864b29	refactor(object-store): move backends building functions back to object-store (#6400 ) refactor/building-backend-in-object-store: ### Refactor Object Store Configuration - Centralize Object Store Configurations: Moved object store configurations (`FileConfig`, `S3Config`, `OssConfig`, `AzblobConfig`, `GcsConfig`) to `object-store/src/config.rs`. - Error Handling Enhancements: Introduced `object-store/src/error.rs` for improved error handling related to object store operations. - Factory Pattern for Object Store: Implemented `object-store/src/factory.rs` to create object store instances, consolidating logic from `datanode/src/store.rs`. - Remove Redundant Store Implementations: Deleted individual store files (`azblob.rs`, `fs.rs`, `gcs.rs`, `oss.rs`, `s3.rs`) from `datanode/src/store/`. - Update Usage of Object Store Config: Updated references to `ObjectStoreConfig` in `datanode.rs`, `standalone.rs`, `config.rs`, and `error.rs` to use the new centralized configuration. Signed-off-by: Lei, HUANG <mrsatangel@gmail.com>	2025-06-25 13:49:55 +00:00
ZonaHe	9be75361a4	feat: update dashboard to v0.10.1 (#6396 ) Co-authored-by: ZonaHex <ZonaHex@users.noreply.github.com>	2025-06-25 12:58:04 +00:00
Ning Sun	9c1df68a5f	feat: introduce /v1/health for healthcheck from external (#6388 ) Signed-off-by: Ning Sun <sunning@greptime.com>	2025-06-25 12:25:36 +00:00
fys	0209461155	chore: add components for standalone instance (#6383 )	2025-06-25 12:17:34 +00:00
Ruihang Xia	e728cb33fb	feat: implement count_hash aggr function (#6342 ) * feat: implement count_hash aggr function Signed-off-by: Ruihang Xia <waynestxia@gmail.com> * sqlness case Signed-off-by: Ruihang Xia <waynestxia@gmail.com> * change copyright year Signed-off-by: Ruihang Xia <waynestxia@gmail.com> * review changes Signed-off-by: Ruihang Xia <waynestxia@gmail.com> --------- Signed-off-by: Ruihang Xia <waynestxia@gmail.com>	2025-06-25 12:14:03 +00:00
fys	cde7e11983	refactor: avoid adding feature to parameter (#6391 ) * refactor: avoid adding feature to parameter * avoid `cfg(not(feature = ...))` block	2025-06-25 10:47:20 +00:00
dennis zhuang	944b4b3e49	feat: supports CsvWithNames and CsvWithNamesAndTypes formats (#6384 ) * feat: supports CsvWithNames and CsvWithNamesAndTypes formats and object/array types Signed-off-by: Dennis Zhuang <killme2008@gmail.com> * test: added and fixed tests Signed-off-by: Dennis Zhuang <killme2008@gmail.com> * chore: fix test Signed-off-by: Dennis Zhuang <killme2008@gmail.com> * chore: remove comments Signed-off-by: Dennis Zhuang <killme2008@gmail.com> * test: add json type csv tests Signed-off-by: Dennis Zhuang <killme2008@gmail.com> * chore: remove comment Co-authored-by: Yingwen <realevenyag@gmail.com> --------- Signed-off-by: Dennis Zhuang <killme2008@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: Yingwen <realevenyag@gmail.com>	2025-06-25 07:28:11 +00:00
fys	7953b090c0	feat: support syntax parsing of drop trigger (#6371 ) * feat: trigger drop * Update Cargo.toml * Update Cargo.lock --------- Co-authored-by: Ning Sun <classicning@gmail.com>	2025-06-24 18:48:39 +00:00
liyang	7aa9af5ba6	chore: clarify default OTLP endpoint value (#6381 ) Signed-off-by: liyang <daviderli614@gmail.com>	2025-06-24 11:44:45 +00:00
Ruihang Xia	7a9444c85b	refactor: remove staled manifest structures (#6382 ) * refactor: remove staled manifest structures Signed-off-by: Ruihang Xia <waynestxia@gmail.com> * Update src/store-api/src/lib.rs Co-authored-by: Copilot <175728472+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com> --------- Signed-off-by: Ruihang Xia <waynestxia@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: Copilot <175728472+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>	2025-06-24 09:23:10 +00:00
LFC	bb12be3310	refactor: scan `Batch`es directly (#6369 ) * refactor: scan `Batch`es directly Signed-off-by: luofucong <luofc@foxmail.com> * fix ci Signed-off-by: luofucong <luofc@foxmail.com> * resolve PR comments Signed-off-by: luofucong <luofc@foxmail.com> * resolve PR comments Signed-off-by: luofucong <luofc@foxmail.com> --------- Signed-off-by: luofucong <luofc@foxmail.com>	2025-06-24 07:55:49 +00:00
Weny Xu	24019334ee	feat: implement automatic region failure detector registrations (#6370 ) * feat: implement automatic region failure detector registrations Signed-off-by: WenyXu <wenymedia@gmail.com> * chore: remove unused error Signed-off-by: WenyXu <wenymedia@gmail.com> * test: add more tests Signed-off-by: WenyXu <wenymedia@gmail.com> * feat: add `region_failure_detector_initialization_delay` option Signed-off-by: WenyXu <wenymedia@gmail.com> * chore: update config.md Signed-off-by: WenyXu <wenymedia@gmail.com> * chore: apply suggestions from CR Signed-off-by: WenyXu <wenymedia@gmail.com> * chore: update config.md Signed-off-by: WenyXu <wenymedia@gmail.com> --------- Signed-off-by: WenyXu <wenymedia@gmail.com>	2025-06-24 06:12:12 +00:00
codephage	116d5cf82b	feat: support mysql flavor show processlist shortcut (#6328 ) (#6379 ) * feat: support mysql flavor show processlist shortcut (#6328) Signed-off-by: codephage. <381510760@qq.com> * Refactor SHOW PROCESSLIST handling and add tests Signed-off-by: codephage. <381510760@qq.com> * add sqlness test Signed-off-by: codephage. <381510760@qq.com> * add sqlness test result Signed-off-by: codephage. <381510760@qq.com> * fix sqlness test show_processList Signed-off-by: codephage. <381510760@qq.com> --------- Signed-off-by: codephage. <381510760@qq.com>	2025-06-24 03:50:16 +00:00
zyy17	90a3894564	refactor: always write `parent_span_id` for otlp traces ingestion (#6356 ) * refactor: always write `parent_span_id` for otlp traces ingestion Signed-off-by: zyy17 <zyylsxm@gmail.com> * refactor: support to write None value in row writer Signed-off-by: zyy17 <zyylsxm@gmail.com> --------- Signed-off-by: zyy17 <zyylsxm@gmail.com>	2025-06-23 11:36:57 +00:00
Yingwen	39d3e0651d	feat: Support ListMetadataRequest to retrieve regions' metadata (#6348 ) * feat: support list metadata in region server Signed-off-by: evenyag <realevenyag@gmail.com> * test: add test for list region metadata Signed-off-by: evenyag <realevenyag@gmail.com> * feat: return null if region not exists Signed-off-by: evenyag <realevenyag@gmail.com> * chore: update greptime-proto Signed-off-by: evenyag <realevenyag@gmail.com> --------- Signed-off-by: evenyag <realevenyag@gmail.com>	2025-06-23 07:11:20 +00:00
zyy17	a49edc6ca6	refactor: add `otlp_export_protocol` config to support export trace data through gRPC and HTTP protocol (#6357 ) * refactor: support http traces * refactor: add `otlp_export_protocol` config to support export trace data through gRPC and HTTP protocol Signed-off-by: zyy17 <zyylsxm@gmail.com> * Update src/common/telemetry/src/logging.rs Co-authored-by: Copilot <175728472+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com> --------- Signed-off-by: zyy17 <zyylsxm@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: Copilot <175728472+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>	2025-06-23 02:56:12 +00:00