fix(python): typing (#2167)

@wjones127 is there a standard way you guys setup your virtualenv? I can
either relist all the dependencies in the pyright precommit section, or
specify a venv, or the user has to be in the virtual environment when
they run git commit. If the venv location was standardized or a python
manager like `uv` was used it would be easier to avoid duplicating the
pyright dependency list.

Per your suggestion, in `pyproject.toml` I added in all the passing
files to the `includes` section.

For ruff I upgraded the version and removed "TCH" which doesn't exist as
an option.

I added a `pyright_report.csv` which contains a list of all files sorted
by pyright errors ascending as a todo list to work on.

I fixed about 30 issues in `table.py` stemming from str's being passed
into methods that required a string within a set of string Literals by
extracting them into `types.py`

Can you verify in the rust bridge that the schema should be a property
and not a method here? If it's a method, then there's another place in
the code where `inner.schema` should be `inner.schema()`
``` python
class RecordBatchStream:
    @property
    def schema(self) -> pa.Schema: ...
```

Also unless the `_lancedb.pyi` file is wrong, then there is no
`__anext__` here for `__inner` when it's not an `AsyncGenerator` and
only `next` is defined:
``` python
    async def __anext__(self) -> pa.RecordBatch:
        return await self._inner.__anext__()
        if isinstance(self._inner, AsyncGenerator):
            batch = await self._inner.__anext__()
        else:
            batch = await self._inner.next()
        if batch is None:
            raise StopAsyncIteration
        return batch
```
in the else statement, `_inner` is a `RecordBatchStream`
```python
class RecordBatchStream:
    @property
    def schema(self) -> pa.Schema: ...
    async def next(self) -> Optional[pa.RecordBatch]: ...
```

---------

Co-authored-by: Will Jones <willjones127@gmail.com>

python/Makefile

@@ -23,6 +23,10 @@ check:		## Check formatting and lints.
 fix:		## Fix python lints
 	ruff check python --fix
 
+.PHONY: typecheck
+typecheck:	## Run type checking with pyright.
+	pyright
+
 .PHONY: doctest
 doctest:	## Run documentation tests.
 	pytest --doctest-modules python/lancedb