fix(secrets): admit periods in Secret names and namespace segments

LanceDB namespace and table names are `[A-Za-z0-9_.-]`, so excluding periods
here put Secrets out of reach inside any namespace a user already has one in --
unreachable to create, alter, describe, drop or bind, with no way to recover
but renaming the namespace.

The rule is that set and nothing further. No positional constraint rides along:
the established grammar says nothing about which character comes first, so a
segment may begin with `_`, `-` or `.` today, and a Secret has to be nameable
wherever a namespace already is. A narrower rule would reintroduce the same
unaddressability it is here to remove, one character class over.

Names and path segments follow one rule, and the client matches the service.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01UfmeJ533rQDnPBkMtjerV6

.bumpversion.toml

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 [tool.bumpversion]
-current_version = "0.38.0-beta.6"
+current_version = "0.39.0-beta.4"
 parse = """(?x)
     (?P<major>0|[1-9]\\d*)\\.
     (?P<minor>0|[1-9]\\d*)\\.

.github/dependabot.yml

@@ -44,3 +44,27 @@ updates:
       python-deps:
         patterns:
           - "*"
+
+  # The npm ecosystem covers pnpm lockfiles. There are two separate installs:
+  # the bindings themselves and the examples, which have their own lockfile.
+  # As with cargo and pip above, only bump the lockfile — the version ranges
+  # in package.json are our consumers' constraints, not ours.
+  - package-ecosystem: npm
+    directory: /nodejs
+    schedule:
+      interval: weekly
+    versioning-strategy: lockfile-only
+    groups:
+      nodejs-deps:
+        patterns:
+          - "*"
+
+  - package-ecosystem: npm
+    directory: /nodejs/examples
+    schedule:
+      interval: weekly
+    versioning-strategy: lockfile-only
+    groups:
+      nodejs-examples-deps:
+        patterns:
+          - "*"

.github/workflows/dev.yml

@@ -29,12 +29,14 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - uses: actions/setup-node@v6
         with:
-          node-version: "18"
+          node-version: "24"
+      - uses: pnpm/action-setup@v6
+        with:
+          version: 11.1.1
       # These rules are disabled because Github will always ensure there
       # is a blank line between the title and the body and Github will
       # word wrap the description field to ensure a reasonable max line
       # length.
-      - run: npm install @commitlint/config-conventional
       - run: >
           echo 'module.exports = {
             "rules": {
@@ -43,7 +45,11 @@ jobs:
               "body-leading-blank": [0, "always"]
             }
           }' > .commitlintrc.js
-      - run: npx commitlint --extends @commitlint/config-conventional --verbose <<< $COMMIT_MSG
+      - run: >
+          pnpm dlx
+          --package @commitlint/cli@21.2.2
+          --package @commitlint/config-conventional@21.2.2
+          commitlint --extends @commitlint/config-conventional --verbose <<< $COMMIT_MSG
         env:
           COMMIT_MSG: >
             ${{ github.event.pull_request.title }}
@@ -54,7 +60,7 @@ jobs:
         with:
           script: |
             const message = `**ACTION NEEDED**
-              
+
               Lance follows the [Conventional Commits specification](https://www.conventionalcommits.org/en/v1.0.0/) for release automation.
 
               The PR title and description are used as the merge commit message.\

.github/workflows/docs-link-check.yml

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: lycheeverse/lychee-action@e7477775783ea5526144ba13e8db5eec57747ce8 # v2.9.0
         with:
           # Restricted to http(s) on purpose. Much of docs/src is generated
-          # API reference (the js/ tree comes from `npm run docs` in nodejs)
+          # API reference (the js/ tree comes from `pnpm run docs` in nodejs)
           # and the hand-written pages use mkdocstrings cross-references and
           # nav-relative paths that only resolve in the site mkdocs builds,
           # not in this checkout, so relative links would be reported as

.github/workflows/docs.yml

@@ -55,9 +55,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Set up node
         uses: actions/setup-node@v6
         with:
-          node-version: 20
+          node-version: 24
-          cache: 'npm'
-          cache-dependency-path: docs/package-lock.json
       - name: Install node dependencies
         working-directory: nodejs
         run: |

.github/workflows/nodejs.yml

@@ -47,9 +47,8 @@ jobs:
         version: 11.1.1
     - uses: actions/setup-node@v6
       with:
-        # pnpm 11 requires Node >= 22.13; use 24 since 22 hits EOL
+        # Build on a supported LTS; the matrix job below covers every
-        # in October. The library itself still supports Node >= 18
+        # Node version the library claims to support.
-        # (see test matrix below).
         node-version: 24
         cache: 'pnpm'
         cache-dependency-path: nodejs/pnpm-lock.yaml
@@ -84,7 +83,7 @@ jobs:
     timeout-minutes: 30
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        node-version: [ "18", "20" ]
+        node-version: [ "22", "24", "26" ]
     runs-on: "ubuntu-22.04"
     defaults:
       run:
@@ -101,9 +100,9 @@ jobs:
     - uses: actions/setup-node@v6
       name: Setup Node.js 24 for build
       with:
-        # pnpm 11 requires Node >= 22.13; use 24 since 22 hits EOL
+        # Build and install once on a fixed version so the generated docs
-        # in October. Build/install runs on Node 24; tests run on the
+        # are identical across matrix legs; the tests below then run on each
-        # matrix version below using direct jest invocation.
+        # supported Node version.
         node-version: 24
         cache: 'pnpm'
         cache-dependency-path: nodejs/pnpm-lock.yaml
@@ -152,9 +151,9 @@ jobs:
         S3_TEST: "1"
         # Newer @smithy/core uses dynamic ESM imports.
         NODE_OPTIONS: "--experimental-vm-modules"
-      # Invoke jest directly because pnpm 11 itself requires Node 22+
+      # Invoke the installed jest binary directly; the pnpm shim is set up
-      # while the matrix tests on older Node versions.
+      # against the build-phase Node, not the version selected above.
-      run: npx jest --verbose
+      run: node_modules/.bin/jest --verbose
     - name: Test examples
       working-directory: ./
       env:
@@ -164,7 +163,7 @@ jobs:
       run: |
         python ci/mock_openai.py &
         cd nodejs/examples
-        npx jest --testEnvironment jest-environment-node-single-context --verbose
+        node_modules/.bin/jest --testEnvironment jest-environment-node-single-context --verbose
   macos:
     timeout-minutes: 30
     # macos-15 ships a newer linker; the older macos-14 linker fails to insert
@@ -185,8 +184,7 @@ jobs:
         version: 11.1.1
     - uses: actions/setup-node@v6
       with:
-        # pnpm 11 requires Node >= 22.13; use 24 since 22 hits EOL
+        # pnpm 11 requires Node >= 22.13.
-        # in October.
         node-version: 24
         cache: 'pnpm'
         cache-dependency-path: nodejs/pnpm-lock.yaml

.github/workflows/npm-publish.yml

@@ -40,40 +40,31 @@ jobs:
           - target: aarch64-apple-darwin
             host: macos-latest
             features: fp16kernels
+            # Fat LTO was ~111 of this job's ~113 minutes.
+            lto: thin
+            codegen_units: 16
             pre_build: |-
               brew install protobuf
-              # Fat LTO (the workspace default in .cargo/config.toml) is
-              # single-threaded and is the peak-memory step of the build. On
-              # this runner it accounted for ~111 of the job's ~113 minutes,
-              # making it the critical path of the entire publish pipeline.
-              # ThinLTO parallelizes it across the runner's cores, for a few
-              # percent of runtime performance.
-              export CARGO_PROFILE_RELEASE_LTO=thin
-              export CARGO_PROFILE_RELEASE_CODEGEN_UNITS=16
           - target: x86_64-pc-windows-msvc
             host: windows-2025
             features: ","
+            # The lower peak also keeps this on the standard 4-core runner.
+            lto: thin
+            codegen_units: 16
             pre_build: |-
               choco install --no-progress protoc ninja nasm
               tail -n 1000 /c/ProgramData/chocolatey/logs/chocolatey.log
               # There is an issue where choco doesn't add nasm to the path
               export PATH="$PATH:/c/Program Files/NASM"
               nasm -v
-              # See the ThinLTO note on aarch64-apple-darwin above. Keeping
-              # peak memory down is also what lets this run on the standard
-              # 4-core runner: the 8-core larger runner was only needed to
-              # stop fat LTO from OOMing rustc-LLVM.
-              export CARGO_PROFILE_RELEASE_LTO=thin
-              export CARGO_PROFILE_RELEASE_CODEGEN_UNITS=16
           - target: aarch64-pc-windows-msvc
             host: windows-2025
             features: ","
+            lto: thin
+            codegen_units: 16
             pre_build: |-
                 choco install --no-progress protoc
                 rustup target add aarch64-pc-windows-msvc
-                # See the ThinLTO note on aarch64-apple-darwin above.
-                export CARGO_PROFILE_RELEASE_LTO=thin
-                export CARGO_PROFILE_RELEASE_CODEGEN_UNITS=16
           - target: x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
             host: ubuntu-latest
             features: fp16kernels
@@ -103,6 +94,14 @@ jobs:
             # https://github.com/napi-rs/napi-rs/blob/main/debian-aarch64.Dockerfile
             docker: ghcr.io/napi-rs/napi-rs/nodejs-rust:lts-debian-aarch64
             features: "fp16kernels"
+            # Fat LTO OOM-killed rustc every nightly; even with lld it peaked
+            # at 31391 MiB of the runner's 32 GiB.
+            lto: thin
+            codegen_units: 16
+            # arm64 Linux links through GNU `ld` where x86_64 defaults to
+            # `rust-lld`, which is why only arm64 OOM'd. lld cut the largest
+            # linker process 7.0 -> 4.0 GiB (lancedb/sophon#7313).
+            linker: /tmp/aarch64-lld-clang
             pre_build: |-
               set -e &&
               apt-get update &&
@@ -112,9 +111,30 @@ jobs:
               # AT_HWCAP2 (added in Linux 3.17). Define it for aws-lc-sys.
               export CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -DAT_HWCAP2=26" &&
               rustup target add aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu
+              # Not `&&`-chained: in dash, errexit does not fire for a
+              # non-final command in an `&&` list, so failures were ignored.
+              #
+              # A wrapper rather than `-C link-arg` because the per-target
+              # rustflags variable does not reach every unit that links, while
+              # the linker variable does. `clang` because GCC silently ignores
+              # `-fuse-ld=lld` unless built with lld support. Two echoes
+              # because printf's newline escape gets rewritten to `;` between
+              # here and the container.
+              echo '#!/bin/sh' > /tmp/aarch64-lld-clang
+              echo 'exec clang --target=aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu --sysroot=/usr/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/sysroot --gcc-toolchain=/usr/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu -fuse-ld=lld "$@"' >> /tmp/aarch64-lld-clang
+              chmod 0755 /tmp/aarch64-lld-clang
+              # Fail now, not at the cdylib link ~30 minutes later. Linking at
+              # all also proves lld resolved; clang errors out when it cannot.
+              echo 'int main(void){return 0;}' > /tmp/probe.c
+              /tmp/aarch64-lld-clang /tmp/probe.c -o /tmp/probe
+              readelf -h /tmp/probe | grep AArch64
           - target: aarch64-unknown-linux-musl
             host: ubuntu-2404-8x-x64
             features: ","
+            # Fat LTO took the whole runner down. lld cannot help: it died
+            # inside rustc's LLVM, before any linker was spawned.
+            lto: thin
+            codegen_units: 16
             pre_build: |-
               set -e &&
               sudo apt-get update &&
@@ -123,6 +143,19 @@ jobs:
               export EXTRA_ARGS="-x"
     name: build - ${{ matrix.settings.target }}
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.settings.host }}
+    # On the job, not exported from `pre_build`: `Swatinem/rust-cache` hashes
+    # `CARGO_*` into its cache key before any step runs, so a step-local export
+    # leaves the key unchanged while cargo still rebuilds cold. The ThinLTO
+    # legs had been doing that every run.
+    #
+    # Not `RUSTFLAGS`: setting it, even to "", discards every config-file
+    # rustflag, silently dropping .cargo/config.toml's `target-cpu` and
+    # `target-feature` from the published binaries.
+    env:
+      CARGO_PROFILE_RELEASE_LTO: ${{ matrix.settings.lto || 'fat' }}
+      CARGO_PROFILE_RELEASE_CODEGEN_UNITS: ${{ matrix.settings.codegen_units || '1' }}
+      # Empty elsewhere: a per-target variable is only read for that triple.
+      CARGO_TARGET_AARCH64_UNKNOWN_LINUX_GNU_LINKER: ${{ matrix.settings.linker }}
     defaults:
       run:
         working-directory: nodejs
@@ -135,8 +168,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Setup node
         uses: actions/setup-node@v6
         with:
-          # pnpm 11 requires Node >= 22.13; use 24 since 22 hits EOL
+          # pnpm 11 requires Node >= 22.13.
-          # in October.
           node-version: 24
           cache: pnpm
           cache-dependency-path: nodejs/pnpm-lock.yaml
@@ -169,19 +201,15 @@ jobs:
           # creating ref). The nightly cadence also keeps entries inside
           # GitHub's 7-day eviction window, which a tag-only trigger would not.
           save-if: ${{ github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' }}
-      # Docker builds can use rust-cache too. `target/` already lives on the
+      # Docker builds can use rust-cache too: the workspace is bind-mounted, so
-      # host because the whole workspace is bind-mounted into the container, and
+      # `target/` lives on the host and rust-cache's prune keeps the entry
-      # rust-cache's prune and save run host-side, so they can manage it -- which
+      # small.
-      # is what keeps the entry to dependency artifacts rather than a multi-GB
-      # copy of everything.
       #
       # Two differences from the native builds. The container's CARGO_HOME is
-      # bind-mounted from `.cargo-cache` rather than the host's ~/.cargo, so that
+      # bind-mounted from `.cargo-cache` rather than ~/.cargo, so that is cached
-      # has to be cached explicitly. And the key is derived from the *host* rustc
+      # explicitly. And the key uses the *host* rustc version, not the compiler
-      # version, which is not the compiler that produced these artifacts; that is
+      # that built these artifacts -- safe, since cargo fingerprints the real
-      # safe because cargo fingerprints the real compiler and rebuilds on a
+      # one; a base-image bump just costs one cold build.
-      # mismatch, it just means a base-image toolchain bump costs one cold build
-      # instead of invalidating the key.
       - name: Cache cargo (docker builds)
         uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
         if: ${{ matrix.settings.docker }}
@@ -210,14 +238,19 @@ jobs:
           # cache step above saves. Previously the registry mounts pointed at
           # `.cargo/...`, a path nothing cached, so the container re-downloaded
           # the whole crate registry on every run.
+          #
+          # `docker run` inherits nothing; `-e NAME` carries the job's `env:` in.
           options: "--user 0:0 -v ${{ github.workspace }}/.cargo-cache/git/db:/usr/local/cargo/git/db \
                     -v ${{ github.workspace }}/.cargo-cache/registry/cache:/usr/local/cargo/registry/cache \
                     -v ${{ github.workspace }}/.cargo-cache/registry/index:/usr/local/cargo/registry/index \
+                    -e CARGO_PROFILE_RELEASE_LTO \
+                    -e CARGO_PROFILE_RELEASE_CODEGEN_UNITS \
+                    -e CARGO_TARGET_AARCH64_UNKNOWN_LINUX_GNU_LINKER \
                     -v ${{ github.workspace }}:/build -w /build/nodejs"
           run: |
             set -e
             ${{ matrix.settings.pre_build }}
-            npx napi build --platform --release \
+            node_modules/.bin/napi build --platform --release \
               --features ${{ matrix.settings.features }} \
               --target ${{ matrix.settings.target }} \
               --dts ../lancedb/native.d.ts \
@@ -237,7 +270,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Build
         run: |
           ${{ matrix.settings.pre_build }}
-          npx napi build --platform --release \
+          node_modules/.bin/napi build --platform --release \
               --features ${{ matrix.settings.features }} \
               --target ${{ matrix.settings.target }} \
               --dts ../lancedb/native.d.ts \
@@ -256,6 +289,18 @@ jobs:
         if: always()
         run: df -h
         shell: bash
+      - name: Report peak memory
+        if: always() && runner.os == 'Linux'
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          peak=$(find /sys/fs/cgroup -name memory.peak -readable \
+                 -exec cat {} + 2>/dev/null | sort -n | tail -1)
+          if [ -n "$peak" ]; then
+            echo "peak memory: $((peak / 1024 / 1024)) MiB"
+          else
+            echo "peak memory: unavailable (no readable cgroup v2 memory.peak)"
+          fi
+          free -g || true
       - name: Upload artifact
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
         with:
@@ -293,7 +338,7 @@ jobs:
           - target: aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu
             host: ubuntu-2404-8x-arm64
         node:
-          - '20'
+          - '22'
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.settings.host }}
     defaults:
       run:
@@ -339,9 +384,9 @@ jobs:
       - name: Move built files
         run: cp dist/native.d.ts dist/native.js dist/*.node lancedb/
       - name: Test bindings
-        # Invoke jest directly because pnpm 11 itself requires Node 22+
+        # Invoke the installed jest binary directly; the pnpm shim is set up
-        # while the matrix tests on older Node versions.
+        # against the install-phase Node, not the version selected above.
-        run: npx jest --verbose
+        run: node_modules/.bin/jest --verbose
   publish:
     name: Publish
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest

.github/workflows/rust.yml

@@ -232,7 +232,10 @@ jobs:
           ALL_FEATURES=`cargo metadata --format-version=1 --no-deps \
             | jq -r '.packages[] | .features | keys | .[]' \
             | grep -v s3-test | sort | uniq | paste -s -d "," -`
-          cargo test --profile ci --features $ALL_FEATURES --locked
+          # Run doctests before test binaries fill the runner disk. Examples are
+          # already built by the Linux job, so avoid retaining them here.
+          cargo test --profile ci --features $ALL_FEATURES --locked --doc
+          cargo test --profile ci --features $ALL_FEATURES --locked --lib --tests
 
   windows:
     strategy:

.github/workflows/update_package_lock_run.yml

@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-name: Update package-lock.json
-
-on:
-  workflow_dispatch:
-
-permissions:
-  contents: read
-
-jobs:
-  publish:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v6
-        with:
-          ref: main
-          persist-credentials: false
-          fetch-depth: 0
-          lfs: true
-      - uses: ./.github/workflows/update_package_lock
-        with:
-          github_token: ${{ secrets.LANCEDB_RELEASE_TOKEN }}

.github/workflows/update_package_lock_run_nodejs.yml

@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-name: Update NodeJs package-lock.json
-
-on:
-  workflow_dispatch:
-
-permissions:
-  contents: read
-
-jobs:
-  publish:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v6
-        with:
-          ref: main
-          persist-credentials: false
-          fetch-depth: 0
-          lfs: true
-      - uses: ./.github/workflows/update_package_lock_nodejs
-        with:
-          github_token: ${{ secrets.LANCEDB_RELEASE_TOKEN }}

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -20,7 +20,10 @@ repos:
     hooks:
       - id: local-biome-check
         name: biome check
-        entry: npx @biomejs/biome@1.8.3 check --config-path nodejs/biome.json nodejs/
+        # Use the biome from nodejs/package.json rather than a separately
+        # pinned one: the two drifted apart and disagreed on formatting, so
+        # this hook rejected code that `pnpm lint` accepted.
+        entry: nodejs/node_modules/.bin/biome check --config-path nodejs/biome.json nodejs/
         language: system
         types: [text]
         files: "nodejs/.*"

AGENTS.md

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ Before committing changes, run formatting for every language you touched. At min
 * Rust changes: run `cargo fmt --all`.
 * Python changes: run `ruff format .` and `ruff check .` from the repository root,
   and run targeted tests through `cd python && uv run ...`.
-* TypeScript changes: run the relevant `npm`/`pnpm` lint, format, build, and docs commands in `nodejs`.
+* TypeScript changes: run the relevant `pnpm` lint, format, build, and docs commands in `nodejs`.
 
 Before creating a PR, the exact value passed to `gh pr create --title` must follow
 Conventional Commits, such as `fix: support nested field paths in native index creation`
@@ -101,12 +101,12 @@ Python bindings changes:
 TypeScript bindings changes:
 
 1. Add napi-rs method binding on `Table` in `nodejs/src/table.rs`.
-2. Run `npm run build` to generate TypeScript definitions.
+2. Run `pnpm build` to generate TypeScript definitions.
 3. Add typescript method on abstract class `Table` in `nodejs/src/table.ts`.
 4. Add concrete method on `LocalTable` class in `nodejs/src/native_table.ts`.
     * Note: despite the name, this class is also used for remote tables.
 5. Add test in `nodejs/__test__/table.test.ts`.
-6. Run `npm run docs` to generate TypeScript documentation.
+6. Run `pnpm run docs` to generate TypeScript documentation.
 
 ## Python API reference
 

Cargo.lock

@@ -332,6 +332,34 @@ dependencies = [
  "num-traits",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "arrow-flight"
+version = "58.4.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "b2dbe34824c639e43136af8f106992792ab456540d54b880bc320a3192502d2e"
+dependencies = [
+ "arrow-arith",
+ "arrow-array",
+ "arrow-buffer",
+ "arrow-cast",
+ "arrow-data",
+ "arrow-ipc",
+ "arrow-ord",
+ "arrow-row",
+ "arrow-schema",
+ "arrow-select",
+ "arrow-string",
+ "base64 0.22.1",
+ "bytes",
+ "futures",
+ "once_cell",
+ "paste",
+ "prost",
+ "prost-types",
+ "tonic",
+ "tonic-prost",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "arrow-ipc"
 version = "58.4.0"
@@ -535,9 +563,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "async-trait"
-version = "0.1.91"
+version = "0.1.92"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ae36dc4177970ef04fde5178d3e2429882def40e57a451f919c098f72baa6cec"
+checksum = "82f6aeea286b8eb4dd3431a1be1b59d290ace00f5bfd8e2a159bc2a05e2c1667"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
@@ -1129,7 +1157,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "edca88bc138befd0323b20752846e6587272d3b03b0343c8ea28a6f819e6e71f"
 dependencies = [
  "async-trait",
- "axum-core",
+ "axum-core 0.4.5",
  "bytes",
  "futures-util",
  "http 1.5.0",
@@ -1138,7 +1166,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "hyper 1.9.0",
  "hyper-util",
  "itoa",
- "matchit",
+ "matchit 0.7.3",
  "memchr",
  "mime",
  "percent-encoding",
@@ -1156,6 +1184,31 @@ dependencies = [
  "tracing",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "axum"
+version = "0.8.9"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "31b698c5f9a010f6573133b09e0de5408834d0c82f8d7475a89fc1867a71cd90"
+dependencies = [
+ "axum-core 0.5.6",
+ "bytes",
+ "futures-util",
+ "http 1.5.0",
+ "http-body 1.1.0",
+ "http-body-util",
+ "itoa",
+ "matchit 0.8.4",
+ "memchr",
+ "mime",
+ "percent-encoding",
+ "pin-project-lite",
+ "serde_core",
+ "sync_wrapper",
+ "tower",
+ "tower-layer",
+ "tower-service",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "axum-core"
 version = "0.4.5"
@@ -1177,6 +1230,24 @@ dependencies = [
  "tracing",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "axum-core"
+version = "0.5.6"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "08c78f31d7b1291f7ee735c1c6780ccde7785daae9a9206026862dab7d8792d1"
+dependencies = [
+ "bytes",
+ "futures-core",
+ "http 1.5.0",
+ "http-body 1.1.0",
+ "http-body-util",
+ "mime",
+ "pin-project-lite",
+ "sync_wrapper",
+ "tower-layer",
+ "tower-service",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "backoff"
 version = "0.4.0"
@@ -1443,9 +1514,9 @@ checksum = "175812e0be2bccb6abe50bb8d566126198344f707e304f45c648fd8f2cc0365e"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "bytemuck"
-version = "1.25.0"
+version = "1.25.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "c8efb64bd706a16a1bdde310ae86b351e4d21550d98d056f22f8a7f7a2183fec"
+checksum = "95832e849adfb21180ccb6826a99da14e5d266ae5c2e668e1602cf234f153797"
 dependencies = [
  "bytemuck_derive",
 ]
@@ -1597,9 +1668,9 @@ checksum = "613afe47fcd5fac7ccf1db93babcb082c5994d996f20b8b159f2ad1658eb5724"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "chacha20"
-version = "0.10.0"
+version = "0.10.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "6f8d983286843e49675a4b7a2d174efe136dc93a18d69130dd18198a6c167601"
+checksum = "65c35e4b699c7e15ccbe7ee35c005e4fc0a278d22238a2857e6ce2dadeda1b06"
 dependencies = [
  "cfg-if 1.0.4",
  "cpufeatures 0.3.0",
@@ -3455,8 +3526,8 @@ checksum = "42703706b716c37f96a77aea830392ad231f44c9e9a67872fa5548707e11b11c"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "fsst"
-version = "11.0.0-beta.22"
+version = "12.0.0-beta.14"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v11.0.0-beta.22#ea3cb4d799c468232735e9bcb43959487aca5c20"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.14#a8a101774a1c9647065cc60137094feadbe55296"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow-array",
  "rand 0.9.5",
@@ -4815,8 +4886,8 @@ checksum = "e037a2e1d8d5fdbd49b16a4ea09d5d6401c1f29eca5ff29d03d3824dba16256a"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance"
-version = "11.0.0-beta.22"
+version = "12.0.0-beta.14"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v11.0.0-beta.22#ea3cb4d799c468232735e9bcb43959487aca5c20"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.14#a8a101774a1c9647065cc60137094feadbe55296"
 dependencies = [
  "arc-swap",
  "arrow",
@@ -4888,8 +4959,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-arrow"
-version = "11.0.0-beta.22"
+version = "12.0.0-beta.14"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v11.0.0-beta.22#ea3cb4d799c468232735e9bcb43959487aca5c20"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.14#a8a101774a1c9647065cc60137094feadbe55296"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow-array",
  "arrow-buffer",
@@ -4911,7 +4982,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-arrow-scalar"
 version = "58.0.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v11.0.0-beta.22#ea3cb4d799c468232735e9bcb43959487aca5c20"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.14#a8a101774a1c9647065cc60137094feadbe55296"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow-array",
  "arrow-buffer",
@@ -4925,7 +4996,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-arrow-stats"
 version = "58.0.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v11.0.0-beta.22#ea3cb4d799c468232735e9bcb43959487aca5c20"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.14#a8a101774a1c9647065cc60137094feadbe55296"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow-array",
  "arrow-schema",
@@ -4934,8 +5005,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-bitpacking"
-version = "11.0.0-beta.22"
+version = "12.0.0-beta.14"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v11.0.0-beta.22#ea3cb4d799c468232735e9bcb43959487aca5c20"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.14#a8a101774a1c9647065cc60137094feadbe55296"
 dependencies = [
  "arrayref",
  "crunchy",
@@ -4945,8 +5016,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-core"
-version = "11.0.0-beta.22"
+version = "12.0.0-beta.14"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v11.0.0-beta.22#ea3cb4d799c468232735e9bcb43959487aca5c20"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.14#a8a101774a1c9647065cc60137094feadbe55296"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow-array",
  "arrow-buffer",
@@ -4983,8 +5054,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-datafusion"
-version = "11.0.0-beta.22"
+version = "12.0.0-beta.14"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v11.0.0-beta.22#ea3cb4d799c468232735e9bcb43959487aca5c20"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.14#a8a101774a1c9647065cc60137094feadbe55296"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow",
  "arrow-array",
@@ -5000,6 +5071,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "datafusion-functions",
  "datafusion-physical-expr",
  "futures",
+ "half",
  "jsonb",
  "lance-arrow",
  "lance-core",
@@ -5013,8 +5085,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-datagen"
-version = "11.0.0-beta.22"
+version = "12.0.0-beta.14"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v11.0.0-beta.22#ea3cb4d799c468232735e9bcb43959487aca5c20"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.14#a8a101774a1c9647065cc60137094feadbe55296"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow",
  "arrow-array",
@@ -5031,8 +5103,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-derive"
-version = "11.0.0-beta.22"
+version = "12.0.0-beta.14"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v11.0.0-beta.22#ea3cb4d799c468232735e9bcb43959487aca5c20"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.14#a8a101774a1c9647065cc60137094feadbe55296"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
@@ -5041,8 +5113,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-encoding"
-version = "11.0.0-beta.22"
+version = "12.0.0-beta.14"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v11.0.0-beta.22#ea3cb4d799c468232735e9bcb43959487aca5c20"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.14#a8a101774a1c9647065cc60137094feadbe55296"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow-arith",
  "arrow-array",
@@ -5075,8 +5147,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-file"
-version = "11.0.0-beta.22"
+version = "12.0.0-beta.14"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v11.0.0-beta.22#ea3cb4d799c468232735e9bcb43959487aca5c20"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.14#a8a101774a1c9647065cc60137094feadbe55296"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow-arith",
  "arrow-array",
@@ -5107,8 +5179,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-index"
-version = "11.0.0-beta.22"
+version = "12.0.0-beta.14"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v11.0.0-beta.22#ea3cb4d799c468232735e9bcb43959487aca5c20"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.14#a8a101774a1c9647065cc60137094feadbe55296"
 dependencies = [
  "arc-swap",
  "arrow",
@@ -5172,8 +5244,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-index-core"
-version = "11.0.0-beta.22"
+version = "12.0.0-beta.14"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v11.0.0-beta.22#ea3cb4d799c468232735e9bcb43959487aca5c20"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.14#a8a101774a1c9647065cc60137094feadbe55296"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow-array",
  "arrow-schema",
@@ -5195,8 +5267,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-io"
-version = "11.0.0-beta.22"
+version = "12.0.0-beta.14"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v11.0.0-beta.22#ea3cb4d799c468232735e9bcb43959487aca5c20"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.14#a8a101774a1c9647065cc60137094feadbe55296"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow",
  "arrow-array",
@@ -5236,8 +5308,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-linalg"
-version = "11.0.0-beta.22"
+version = "12.0.0-beta.14"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v11.0.0-beta.22#ea3cb4d799c468232735e9bcb43959487aca5c20"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.14#a8a101774a1c9647065cc60137094feadbe55296"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow-array",
  "arrow-schema",
@@ -5251,27 +5323,29 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-namespace"
-version = "11.0.0-beta.22"
+version = "12.0.0-beta.14"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v11.0.0-beta.22#ea3cb4d799c468232735e9bcb43959487aca5c20"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.14#a8a101774a1c9647065cc60137094feadbe55296"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow",
  "async-trait",
  "bytes",
  "lance-core",
  "lance-namespace-reqwest-client",
+ "serde",
+ "serde_json",
  "snafu 0.9.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-namespace-impls"
-version = "11.0.0-beta.22"
+version = "12.0.0-beta.14"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v11.0.0-beta.22#ea3cb4d799c468232735e9bcb43959487aca5c20"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.14#a8a101774a1c9647065cc60137094feadbe55296"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow",
  "arrow-ipc",
  "arrow-schema",
  "async-trait",
- "axum",
+ "axum 0.7.9",
  "base64 0.22.1",
  "bytes",
  "chrono",
@@ -5304,9 +5378,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-namespace-reqwest-client"
-version = "0.11.0"
+version = "0.12.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0a030196da1c994b63a96a4f0bf5b0cfa459fe6dadc9e962320246ca328da22a"
+checksum = "d8d23e54b1634d5bbb434f8dd33dc3c05f6e58d876a9a27b3b4aef58ddbe11af"
 dependencies = [
  "reqwest 0.12.28",
  "serde",
@@ -5318,8 +5392,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-select"
-version = "11.0.0-beta.22"
+version = "12.0.0-beta.14"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v11.0.0-beta.22#ea3cb4d799c468232735e9bcb43959487aca5c20"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.14#a8a101774a1c9647065cc60137094feadbe55296"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow-array",
  "arrow-buffer",
@@ -5333,8 +5407,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-table"
-version = "11.0.0-beta.22"
+version = "12.0.0-beta.14"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v11.0.0-beta.22#ea3cb4d799c468232735e9bcb43959487aca5c20"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.14#a8a101774a1c9647065cc60137094feadbe55296"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow",
  "arrow-array",
@@ -5374,8 +5448,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-testing"
-version = "11.0.0-beta.22"
+version = "12.0.0-beta.14"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v11.0.0-beta.22#ea3cb4d799c468232735e9bcb43959487aca5c20"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.14#a8a101774a1c9647065cc60137094feadbe55296"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow-array",
  "arrow-schema",
@@ -5388,8 +5462,8 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lance-tokenizer"
-version = "11.0.0-beta.22"
+version = "12.0.0-beta.14"
-source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v11.0.0-beta.22#ea3cb4d799c468232735e9bcb43959487aca5c20"
+source = "git+https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git?tag=v12.0.0-beta.14#a8a101774a1c9647065cc60137094feadbe55296"
 dependencies = [
  "frostem",
  "icu_segmenter",
@@ -5402,7 +5476,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lancedb"
-version = "0.38.0-beta.6"
+version = "0.39.0-beta.4"
 dependencies = [
  "ahash",
  "anyhow",
@@ -5411,6 +5485,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "arrow-buffer",
  "arrow-cast",
  "arrow-data",
+ "arrow-flight",
  "arrow-ipc",
  "arrow-ord",
  "arrow-schema",
@@ -5466,6 +5541,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "polars",
  "polars-arrow",
  "pprof 0.14.1",
+ "prost",
  "rand 0.9.5",
  "random_word",
  "regex",
@@ -5482,6 +5558,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "test-log",
  "tokenizers",
  "tokio",
+ "tonic",
  "url",
  "urlencoding",
  "uuid",
@@ -5490,7 +5567,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lancedb-nodejs"
-version = "0.38.0-beta.6"
+version = "0.39.0-beta.4"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow-array",
  "arrow-buffer",
@@ -5515,7 +5592,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lancedb-python"
-version = "0.38.0-beta.6"
+version = "0.39.0-beta.4"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow",
  "async-trait",
@@ -5539,6 +5616,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "serde_json",
  "snafu 0.8.9",
  "tokio",
+ "uuid",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -5748,9 +5826,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "log"
-version = "0.4.33"
+version = "0.4.34"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0ceec5bc11778974d1bcb055b18002eba7f4b3518b6a0081b3af5f21666da9ad"
+checksum = "f9f8bd3e56ce4dfc153cf470fffbfa98c7620958b312ca5c3a4b8d5181fd13c6"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "loom"
@@ -5859,6 +5937,12 @@ version = "0.7.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "0e7465ac9959cc2b1404e8e2367b43684a6d13790fe23056cc8c6c5a6b7bcb94"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "matchit"
+version = "0.8.4"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "47e1ffaa40ddd1f3ed91f717a33c8c0ee23fff369e3aa8772b9605cc1d22f4c3"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "matrixmultiply"
 version = "0.3.10"
@@ -6001,9 +6085,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "moka"
-version = "0.12.15"
+version = "0.12.16"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "957228ad12042ee839f93c8f257b62b4c0ab5eaae1d4fa60de53b27c9d7c5046"
+checksum = "4293f18e7567a1caf3c584855554377025c65e0aa445344d04171f5ad63d19b9"
 dependencies = [
  "async-lock",
  "crossbeam-channel",
@@ -6097,14 +6181,15 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "napi"
-version = "3.11.0"
+version = "3.12.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "de33522036981030a75c231829566bc63414e08101a6f5ff4ac6cef19c8e0941"
+checksum = "58c5f4d5375213fdb7be2655e152386e82f026f9a5ba36a75556e11359aafe09"
 dependencies = [
  "bitflags 2.11.1",
  "chrono",
  "ctor 1.0.12",
  "futures",
+ "libc",
  "napi-build",
  "napi-sys",
  "nohash-hasher",
@@ -6116,15 +6201,15 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "napi-build"
-version = "2.4.0"
+version = "2.4.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "5282704fbe8d49b0cf8b08e3f33233416a528658f205c7e5ace63b582de0b11c"
+checksum = "60fdf9b392c50e7c4170fa633bd909490ed7835cea4c046776d1a4dd8d2ae0ab"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "napi-derive"
-version = "3.6.1"
+version = "3.6.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "4d5c9c02556ea6dc99dffd36c1ce60141411657438501a125b675776d011ce92"
+checksum = "0fa55ea69990c90b888e9e77044410e304ce7f35de599dc6d0b5c1923d2e59af"
 dependencies = [
  "convert_case",
  "ctor 1.0.12",
@@ -6136,9 +6221,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "napi-derive-backend"
-version = "6.1.1"
+version = "6.1.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d60b5d773ad46c698c8cc2cd9fde0b283d39cbb7f71c04bee633c7bdba4423bd"
+checksum = "df4056ac7c18e4438ccf0edaed4340ca0d269278c8ec19284f7b23cb039fd0ae"
 dependencies = [
  "convert_case",
  "proc-macro2",
@@ -7733,6 +7818,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "pyo3-build-config",
  "pyo3-ffi",
  "pyo3-macros",
+ "uuid",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -8601,9 +8687,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "roaring"
-version = "0.11.4"
+version = "0.11.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "1dedc5658c6ecb3bdb5ef5f3295bb9253f42dcf3fd1402c03f6b1f7659c3c4a9"
+checksum = "18bd8a37d17a58532776dcdf6041ce64929adca78e8489d5cacbafe99229d3e1"
 dependencies = [
  "bytemuck",
  "byteorder",
@@ -9063,9 +9149,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "serde_with"
-version = "3.21.0"
+version = "3.22.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "76a5c54c7310e7b8b9577c286d7e399ddd876c3e12b3ed917a8aabc4b96e9e8c"
+checksum = "ee78f1fbe43ac4a0e47aadb3dbd357b69eb0d3793e948624cd03dd2750ab1c0a"
 dependencies = [
  "base64 0.22.1",
  "bs58",
@@ -9073,6 +9159,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "hex",
  "indexmap 1.9.3",
  "indexmap 2.14.0",
+ "jiff",
  "schemars 0.9.0",
  "schemars 1.2.1",
  "serde_core",
@@ -9083,9 +9170,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "serde_with_macros"
-version = "3.21.0"
+version = "3.22.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "84d57bc0c8b9a17920c178daa6bb924850d54a9c97ab45194bb8c17ad66bb660"
+checksum = "8705578779c2b6bd90d84d66eb2e206b708b1a4d7b9f17641b293545bf1c7e46"
 dependencies = [
  "darling 0.23.0",
  "proc-macro2",
@@ -10084,6 +10171,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "ac2a5518c70fa84342385732db33fb3f44bc4cc748936eb5833d2df34d6445ef"
 dependencies = [
  "async-trait",
+ "axum 0.8.9",
  "base64 0.22.1",
  "bytes",
  "h2 0.4.16",
@@ -10095,9 +10183,11 @@ dependencies = [
  "hyper-util",
  "percent-encoding",
  "pin-project",
+ "rustls-native-certs",
  "socket2 0.6.3",
  "sync_wrapper",
  "tokio",
+ "tokio-rustls 0.26.4",
  "tokio-stream",
  "tower",
  "tower-layer",
@@ -10452,9 +10542,9 @@ checksum = "06abde3611657adf66d383f00b093d7faecc7fa57071cce2578660c9f1010821"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "uuid"
-version = "1.24.0"
+version = "1.26.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "bf3923a6f5c4c6382e0b653c4117f48d631ea17f38ed86e2a828e6f7412f5239"
+checksum = "b5772d71c9be8a8a6ac2117d949c5b224c1b72241bb611d9a3012edcf8af7812"
 dependencies = [
  "getrandom 0.4.2",
  "js-sys",

Cargo.toml

@@ -13,20 +13,20 @@ categories = ["database-implementations"]
 rust-version = "1.91.0"
 
 [workspace.dependencies]
-lance = { "version" = "=11.0.0-beta.22", default-features = false, "tag" = "v11.0.0-beta.22", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance = { "version" = "=12.0.0-beta.14", default-features = false, "tag" = "v12.0.0-beta.14", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-core = { "version" = "=11.0.0-beta.22", "tag" = "v11.0.0-beta.22", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-core = { "version" = "=12.0.0-beta.14", "tag" = "v12.0.0-beta.14", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-datagen = { "version" = "=11.0.0-beta.22", "tag" = "v11.0.0-beta.22", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-datagen = { "version" = "=12.0.0-beta.14", "tag" = "v12.0.0-beta.14", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-file = { "version" = "=11.0.0-beta.22", "tag" = "v11.0.0-beta.22", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-file = { "version" = "=12.0.0-beta.14", "tag" = "v12.0.0-beta.14", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-io = { "version" = "=11.0.0-beta.22", default-features = false, "tag" = "v11.0.0-beta.22", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-io = { "version" = "=12.0.0-beta.14", default-features = false, "tag" = "v12.0.0-beta.14", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-index = { "version" = "=11.0.0-beta.22", "tag" = "v11.0.0-beta.22", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-index = { "version" = "=12.0.0-beta.14", "tag" = "v12.0.0-beta.14", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-linalg = { "version" = "=11.0.0-beta.22", "tag" = "v11.0.0-beta.22", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-linalg = { "version" = "=12.0.0-beta.14", "tag" = "v12.0.0-beta.14", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-namespace = { "version" = "=11.0.0-beta.22", "tag" = "v11.0.0-beta.22", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-namespace = { "version" = "=12.0.0-beta.14", "tag" = "v12.0.0-beta.14", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-namespace-impls = { "version" = "=11.0.0-beta.22", default-features = false, "tag" = "v11.0.0-beta.22", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-namespace-impls = { "version" = "=12.0.0-beta.14", default-features = false, "tag" = "v12.0.0-beta.14", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-table = { "version" = "=11.0.0-beta.22", "tag" = "v11.0.0-beta.22", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-table = { "version" = "=12.0.0-beta.14", "tag" = "v12.0.0-beta.14", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-testing = { "version" = "=11.0.0-beta.22", "tag" = "v11.0.0-beta.22", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-testing = { "version" = "=12.0.0-beta.14", "tag" = "v12.0.0-beta.14", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-datafusion = { "version" = "=11.0.0-beta.22", "tag" = "v11.0.0-beta.22", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-datafusion = { "version" = "=12.0.0-beta.14", "tag" = "v12.0.0-beta.14", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-encoding = { "version" = "=11.0.0-beta.22", "tag" = "v11.0.0-beta.22", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-encoding = { "version" = "=12.0.0-beta.14", "tag" = "v12.0.0-beta.14", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
-lance-arrow = { "version" = "=11.0.0-beta.22", "tag" = "v11.0.0-beta.22", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
+lance-arrow = { "version" = "=12.0.0-beta.14", "tag" = "v12.0.0-beta.14", "git" = "https://github.com/lance-format/lance.git" }
 lancedb = { path = "rust/lancedb", default-features = false }
 ahash = "0.8"
 # Note that this one does not include pyarrow
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ arrow-ord = "58.0.0"
 arrow-schema = "58.0.0"
 arrow-select = "58.0.0"
 arrow-cast = "58.0.0"
+arrow-flight = { version = "58.0.0", features = ["flight-sql-experimental"] }
 async-trait = "0"
 bytes = "1"
 datafusion = { version = "54.0.0", default-features = false }
@@ -71,7 +72,8 @@ serde = "1"
 serde_json = "1"
 tempfile = "3.5.0"
 tokio = { version = "1.23", features = ["rt-multi-thread", "sync"] }
-uuid = { version = "1.7.0", features = ["v4"] }
+tonic = { version = "0.14", features = ["tls-native-roots", "tls-ring"] }
+uuid = { version = "1.7.0", features = ["v4", "v7"] }
 chrono = { version = "0.4", default-features = false, features = ["clock"] }
 
 [profile.ci]

Makefile

@@ -5,5 +5,5 @@ licenses:
 	cd python && cargo about generate ../about.hbs -o RUST_THIRD_PARTY_LICENSES.html -c ../about.toml
 	cd python && uv sync --all-extras && uv tool run pip-licenses --python .venv/bin/python --format=markdown --with-urls --output-file=PYTHON_THIRD_PARTY_LICENSES.md
 	cd nodejs && cargo about generate ../about.hbs -o RUST_THIRD_PARTY_LICENSES.html -c ../about.toml
-	cd nodejs && npx license-checker --markdown --out NODEJS_THIRD_PARTY_LICENSES.md
+	cd nodejs && pnpm dlx license-checker@25 --markdown --out NODEJS_THIRD_PARTY_LICENSES.md
 	cd java && ./mvnw license:aggregate-add-third-party -q

ci/update_lockfiles.sh

@@ -12,16 +12,12 @@ done
 # This updates the lockfile without building
 cargo metadata --quiet > /dev/null
 
-pushd nodejs || exit 1
-npm install --package-lock-only --silent
-popd
-
 if git diff --quiet --exit-code; then
   echo "No lockfile changes to commit; skipping amend."
 elif $AMEND; then
-  git add Cargo.lock nodejs/package-lock.json
+  git add Cargo.lock
   git commit --amend --no-edit
 else
-  git add Cargo.lock nodejs/package-lock.json
+  git add Cargo.lock
   git commit -m "Update lockfiles"
 fi

deny.toml

@@ -131,18 +131,13 @@ allow = [
     "BSD-3-Clause",
     "ISC",
     "Unicode-3.0",
-    "Unicode-DFS-2016",
     "Zlib",
     "CC0-1.0",
     "MPL-2.0",
     "BSL-1.0",
-    "OpenSSL",
     # 0BSD ("BSD Zero Clause") is effectively public domain — no attribution
     # required. Pulled in by `mock_instant`.
     "0BSD",
-    # bzip2-1.0.6 is the permissive upstream bzip2 license (BSD-like). Pulled
-    # in by `libbz2-rs-sys`, the pure-Rust bzip2 implementation.
-    "bzip2-1.0.6",
     # CDLA-Permissive-2.0 is a permissive data license used by `webpki-roots`
     # for the Mozilla CA root bundle. Data-only, distribution-compatible.
     "CDLA-Permissive-2.0",
@@ -150,12 +145,7 @@ allow = [
 confidence-threshold = 0.8
 # Per-crate license exceptions: allow a license for a specific crate only,
 # rather than globally via the `allow` list above.
-exceptions = [
+exceptions = []
-    # CDDL-1.0 (copyleft) is pulled in only as a dev/profiling dependency via
-    # `inferno` -> `pprof` -> `lance-testing`; it is a test dependency that we
-    # do not distribute, so scope the allowance to `inferno` alone.
-    { allow = ["CDDL-1.0"], crate = "inferno" },
-]
 # Crates whose license cannot be determined from Cargo metadata but whose
 # license we've manually confirmed from upstream. Keep this list minimal.
 [[licenses.clarify]]

docs/README.md

@@ -47,22 +47,24 @@ pytest -vv python/tests/docs
 
 ### Checking typescript examples
 
-The `@lancedb/lancedb` package must be built before running the tests:
+The examples depend on `@lancedb/lancedb` at `file:../dist`, so the package must be
+built before running the tests. This uses pnpm; see the
+[Typescript contributing guide](../nodejs/CONTRIBUTING.md) for the toolchain setup.
 
 ```shell
 pushd nodejs
-npm ci
+pnpm install
-npm run build
+pnpm build
 popd
 ```
 
-Then you can run the examples by going to the `nodejs/examples` directory and
+Then you can run the examples by going to the `nodejs/examples` directory, which is a
-running the tests like a normal npm package:
+separate pnpm package with its own lockfile:
 
 ```shell
 pushd nodejs/examples
-npm ci
+pnpm install
-npm test
+pnpm test
 popd
 ```
 
@@ -84,6 +86,7 @@ The new files should be checked into the repository.
 
 ```shell
 pushd nodejs
-npm run docs
+# `pnpm docs` would invoke pnpm's built-in `docs` command, not the script.
+pnpm run docs
 popd
 ```

docs/openapi.yml

@@ -446,6 +446,15 @@ paths:
               properties:
                 column:
                   type: string
+                name:
+                  type: string
+                  description: Optional name for the created index.
+                replace:
+                  type: boolean
+                  default: true
+                  description: |
+                    Whether to replace an existing index with the same resolved
+                    name. Defaults to true.
                 metric_type:
                   type: string
                   nullable: false

docs/package-lock.json

@@ -1,135 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "name": "lancedb-docs-test",
-  "version": "1.0.0",
-  "lockfileVersion": 3,
-  "requires": true,
-  "packages": {
-    "": {
-      "name": "lancedb-docs-test",
-      "version": "1.0.0",
-      "license": "Apache 2",
-      "dependencies": {
-        "apache-arrow": "file:../node/node_modules/apache-arrow",
-        "vectordb": "file:../node"
-      },
-      "devDependencies": {
-        "@types/node": "^20.11.8",
-        "typescript": "^5.3.3"
-      }
-    },
-    "../node": {
-      "name": "vectordb",
-      "version": "0.21.2-beta.0",
-      "cpu": [
-        "x64",
-        "arm64"
-      ],
-      "license": "Apache-2.0",
-      "os": [
-        "darwin",
-        "linux",
-        "win32"
-      ],
-      "dependencies": {
-        "@neon-rs/load": "^0.0.74",
-        "axios": "^1.4.0"
-      },
-      "devDependencies": {
-        "@neon-rs/cli": "^0.0.160",
-        "@types/chai": "^4.3.4",
-        "@types/chai-as-promised": "^7.1.5",
-        "@types/mocha": "^10.0.1",
-        "@types/node": "^18.16.2",
-        "@types/sinon": "^10.0.15",
-        "@types/temp": "^0.9.1",
-        "@types/uuid": "^9.0.3",
-        "@typescript-eslint/eslint-plugin": "^5.59.1",
-        "apache-arrow-old": "npm:apache-arrow@13.0.0",
-        "cargo-cp-artifact": "^0.1",
-        "chai": "^4.3.7",
-        "chai-as-promised": "^7.1.1",
-        "eslint": "^8.39.0",
-        "eslint-config-standard-with-typescript": "^34.0.1",
-        "eslint-plugin-import": "^2.26.0",
-        "eslint-plugin-n": "^15.7.0",
-        "eslint-plugin-promise": "^6.1.1",
-        "mocha": "^10.2.0",
-        "openai": "^4.24.1",
-        "sinon": "^15.1.0",
-        "temp": "^0.9.4",
-        "ts-node": "^10.9.1",
-        "ts-node-dev": "^2.0.0",
-        "typedoc": "^0.24.7",
-        "typedoc-plugin-markdown": "^3.15.3",
-        "typescript": "^5.1.0",
-        "uuid": "^9.0.0"
-      },
-      "optionalDependencies": {
-        "@lancedb/vectordb-darwin-arm64": "0.21.2-beta.0",
-        "@lancedb/vectordb-darwin-x64": "0.21.2-beta.0",
-        "@lancedb/vectordb-linux-arm64-gnu": "0.21.2-beta.0",
-        "@lancedb/vectordb-linux-x64-gnu": "0.21.2-beta.0",
-        "@lancedb/vectordb-win32-x64-msvc": "0.21.2-beta.0"
-      },
-      "peerDependencies": {
-        "@apache-arrow/ts": "^14.0.2",
-        "apache-arrow": "^14.0.2"
-      }
-    },
-    "../node/node_modules/apache-arrow": {
-      "version": "14.0.2",
-      "license": "Apache-2.0",
-      "dependencies": {
-        "@types/command-line-args": "5.2.0",
-        "@types/command-line-usage": "5.0.2",
-        "@types/node": "20.3.0",
-        "@types/pad-left": "2.1.1",
-        "command-line-args": "5.2.1",
-        "command-line-usage": "7.0.1",
-        "flatbuffers": "23.5.26",
-        "json-bignum": "^0.0.3",
-        "pad-left": "^2.1.0",
-        "tslib": "^2.5.3"
-      },
-      "bin": {
-        "arrow2csv": "bin/arrow2csv.js"
-      }
-    },
-    "node_modules/@types/node": {
-      "version": "20.11.8",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@types/node/-/node-20.11.8.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-i7omyekpPTNdv4Jb/Rgqg0RU8YqLcNsI12quKSDkRXNfx7Wxdm6HhK1awT3xTgEkgxPn3bvnSpiEAc7a7Lpyow==",
-      "dev": true,
-      "dependencies": {
-        "undici-types": "~5.26.4"
-      }
-    },
-    "node_modules/apache-arrow": {
-      "resolved": "../node/node_modules/apache-arrow",
-      "link": true
-    },
-    "node_modules/typescript": {
-      "version": "5.3.3",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/typescript/-/typescript-5.3.3.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-pXWcraxM0uxAS+tN0AG/BF2TyqmHO014Z070UsJ+pFvYuRSq8KH8DmWpnbXe0pEPDHXZV3FcAbJkijJ5oNEnWw==",
-      "dev": true,
-      "bin": {
-        "tsc": "bin/tsc",
-        "tsserver": "bin/tsserver"
-      },
-      "engines": {
-        "node": ">=14.17"
-      }
-    },
-    "node_modules/undici-types": {
-      "version": "5.26.5",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/undici-types/-/undici-types-5.26.5.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-JlCMO+ehdEIKqlFxk6IfVoAUVmgz7cU7zD/h9XZ0qzeosSHmUJVOzSQvvYSYWXkFXC+IfLKSIffhv0sVZup6pA==",
-      "dev": true
-    },
-    "node_modules/vectordb": {
-      "resolved": "../node",
-      "link": true
-    }
-  }
-}

docs/package.json

@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "name": "lancedb-docs-test",
-  "version": "1.0.0",
-  "description": "auto-generated tests from doc",
-  "author": "dev@lancedb.com",
-  "license": "Apache 2",
-  "dependencies": {
-    "apache-arrow": "file:../node/node_modules/apache-arrow",
-    "vectordb": "file:../node"
-  },
-  "scripts": {
-    "build": "tsc -b && cd ../node && npm run build-release",
-    "example": "npm run build && node",
-    "test": "npm run build && ls dist/*.js | xargs -n 1 node"
-  },
-  "devDependencies": {
-    "@types/node": "^20.11.8",
-    "typescript": "^5.3.3"
-  }
-}

docs/src/java/java.md

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ Add the following dependency to your `pom.xml`:
 <dependency>
     <groupId>com.lancedb</groupId>
     <artifactId>lancedb-core</artifactId>
-    <version>0.38.0-beta.6</version>
+    <version>0.39.0-beta.4</version>
 </dependency>
 ```
 

docs/src/js/classes/AutoQuery.md

@@ -0,0 +1,518 @@
+[**@lancedb/lancedb**](../README.md) • **Docs**
+
+***
+
+[@lancedb/lancedb](../globals.md) / AutoQuery
+
+# Class: AutoQuery
+
+A builder for automatic string searches.
+
+Automatic search determines whether to use full-text or vector search from
+the table revision selected for each execution. This builder exposes the
+common operations supported by both query families.
+
+## Extends
+
+- `StandardQueryBase`<`NativeQuery` \| `NativeVectorQuery`>
+
+## Properties
+
+### inner
+
+```ts
+protected inner: Query | VectorQuery | Promise<Query | VectorQuery>;
+```
+
+#### Inherited from
+
+`StandardQueryBase.inner`
+
+## Methods
+
+### analyzePlan()
+
+```ts
+analyzePlan(distributedMetrics?): Promise<string>
+```
+
+Executes the query and returns the physical query plan annotated with runtime metrics.
+
+This is useful for debugging and performance analysis, as it shows how the query was executed
+and includes metrics such as elapsed time, rows processed, and I/O statistics.
+
+#### Parameters
+
+* **distributedMetrics?**: [`AnalyzePlanDistributedMetrics`](../type-aliases/AnalyzePlanDistributedMetrics.md)
+    How distributed worker metrics are displayed for remote query plans.
+    Defaults to `"aggregate"`.
+
+#### Returns
+
+`Promise`&lt;`string`&gt;
+
+A query execution plan with runtime metrics for each step.
+
+#### Example
+
+```ts
+import * as lancedb from "@lancedb/lancedb"
+
+const db = await lancedb.connect("./.lancedb");
+const table = await db.createTable("my_table", [
+  { vector: [1.1, 0.9], id: "1" },
+]);
+
+const plan = await table.query().nearestTo([0.5, 0.2]).analyzePlan();
+
+Example output (with runtime metrics inlined):
+AnalyzeExec verbose=true, metrics=[]
+ ProjectionExec: expr=[id@3 as id, vector@0 as vector, _distance@2 as _distance], metrics=[output_rows=1, elapsed_compute=3.292µs]
+  Take: columns="vector, _rowid, _distance, (id)", metrics=[output_rows=1, elapsed_compute=66.001µs, batches_processed=1, bytes_read=8, iops=1, requests=1]
+   CoalesceBatchesExec: target_batch_size=1024, metrics=[output_rows=1, elapsed_compute=3.333µs]
+    GlobalLimitExec: skip=0, fetch=10, metrics=[output_rows=1, elapsed_compute=167ns]
+     FilterExec: _distance@2 IS NOT NULL, metrics=[output_rows=1, elapsed_compute=8.542µs]
+      SortExec: TopK(fetch=10), expr=[_distance@2 ASC NULLS LAST], metrics=[output_rows=1, elapsed_compute=63.25µs, row_replacements=1]
+       KNNVectorDistance: metric=l2, metrics=[output_rows=1, elapsed_compute=114.333µs, output_batches=1]
+        LanceScan: uri=/path/to/data, projection=[vector], row_id=true, row_addr=false, ordered=false, metrics=[output_rows=1, elapsed_compute=103.626µs, bytes_read=549, iops=2, requests=2]
+```
+
+#### Inherited from
+
+`StandardQueryBase.analyzePlan`
+
+***
+
+### execute()
+
+```ts
+protected execute(options?): AsyncGenerator<RecordBatch<any>, void, unknown>
+```
+
+Execute the query and return the results as an
+
+#### Parameters
+
+* **options?**: `Partial`&lt;[`QueryExecutionOptions`](../interfaces/QueryExecutionOptions.md)&gt;
+
+#### Returns
+
+`AsyncGenerator`&lt;`RecordBatch`&lt;`any`&gt;, `void`, `unknown`&gt;
+
+#### See
+
+ - AsyncIterator
+of
+ - RecordBatch.
+
+By default, LanceDb will use many threads to calculate results and, when
+the result set is large, multiple batches will be processed at one time.
+This readahead is limited however and backpressure will be applied if this
+stream is consumed slowly (this constrains the maximum memory used by a
+single query)
+
+#### Inherited from
+
+`StandardQueryBase.execute`
+
+***
+
+### explainPlan()
+
+```ts
+explainPlan(verbose): Promise<string>
+```
+
+Generates an explanation of the query execution plan.
+
+#### Parameters
+
+* **verbose**: `boolean` = `false`
+    If true, provides a more detailed explanation. Defaults to false.
+
+#### Returns
+
+`Promise`&lt;`string`&gt;
+
+A Promise that resolves to a string containing the query execution plan explanation.
+
+#### Example
+
+```ts
+import * as lancedb from "@lancedb/lancedb"
+const db = await lancedb.connect("./.lancedb");
+const table = await db.createTable("my_table", [
+  { vector: [1.1, 0.9], id: "1" },
+]);
+const plan = await table.query().nearestTo([0.5, 0.2]).explainPlan();
+```
+
+#### Inherited from
+
+`StandardQueryBase.explainPlan`
+
+***
+
+### fastSearch()
+
+```ts
+fastSearch(): this
+```
+
+Skip searching un-indexed data. This can make search faster, but will miss
+any data that is not yet indexed.
+
+Use [Table#optimize](Table.md#optimize) to index all un-indexed data.
+
+#### Returns
+
+`this`
+
+#### Inherited from
+
+`StandardQueryBase.fastSearch`
+
+***
+
+### ~~filter()~~
+
+```ts
+filter(predicate): this
+```
+
+A filter statement to be applied to this query.
+
+#### Parameters
+
+* **predicate**: `string`
+
+#### Returns
+
+`this`
+
+#### See
+
+where
+
+#### Deprecated
+
+Use `where` instead
+
+#### Inherited from
+
+`StandardQueryBase.filter`
+
+***
+
+### fullTextSearch()
+
+```ts
+fullTextSearch(query, options?): this
+```
+
+#### Parameters
+
+* **query**: `string` \| [`FullTextQuery`](../interfaces/FullTextQuery.md)
+
+* **options?**: `Partial`&lt;[`FullTextSearchOptions`](../interfaces/FullTextSearchOptions.md)&gt;
+
+#### Returns
+
+`this`
+
+#### Inherited from
+
+`StandardQueryBase.fullTextSearch`
+
+***
+
+### limit()
+
+```ts
+limit(limit): this
+```
+
+Set the maximum number of results to return.
+
+By default, a plain search has no limit.  If this method is not
+called then every valid row from the table will be returned.
+
+#### Parameters
+
+* **limit**: `number`
+
+#### Returns
+
+`this`
+
+#### Inherited from
+
+`StandardQueryBase.limit`
+
+***
+
+### offset()
+
+```ts
+offset(offset): this
+```
+
+Set the number of rows to skip before returning results.
+
+This is useful for pagination.
+
+#### Parameters
+
+* **offset**: `number`
+
+#### Returns
+
+`this`
+
+#### Inherited from
+
+`StandardQueryBase.offset`
+
+***
+
+### orderBy()
+
+```ts
+orderBy(ordering): this
+```
+
+Sort the results by the specified column(s).
+
+#### Parameters
+
+* **ordering**: [`ColumnOrdering`](../interfaces/ColumnOrdering.md) \| [`ColumnOrdering`](../interfaces/ColumnOrdering.md)[]
+
+#### Returns
+
+`this`
+
+This query builder.
+
+#### Inherited from
+
+`StandardQueryBase.orderBy`
+
+***
+
+### outputSchema()
+
+```ts
+outputSchema(): Promise<Schema<any>>
+```
+
+Returns the schema of the output that will be returned by this query.
+
+This can be used to inspect the types and names of the columns that will be
+returned by the query before executing it.
+
+#### Returns
+
+`Promise`&lt;`Schema`&lt;`any`&gt;&gt;
+
+An Arrow Schema describing the output columns.
+
+#### Inherited from
+
+`StandardQueryBase.outputSchema`
+
+***
+
+### select()
+
+```ts
+select(columns): this
+```
+
+Return only the specified columns.
+
+By default a query will return all columns from the table.  However, this can have
+a very significant impact on latency.  LanceDb stores data in a columnar fashion.  This
+means we can finely tune our I/O to select exactly the columns we need.
+
+As a best practice you should always limit queries to the columns that you need.  If you
+pass in an array of column names then only those columns will be returned.
+
+You can also use this method to create new "dynamic" columns based on your existing columns.
+For example, you may not care about "a" or "b" but instead simply want "a + b".  This is often
+seen in the SELECT clause of an SQL query (e.g. `SELECT a+b FROM my_table`).
+
+To create dynamic columns you can pass in a Map<string, string>.  A column will be returned
+for each entry in the map.  The key provides the name of the column.  The value is
+an SQL string used to specify how the column is calculated.
+
+For example, an SQL query might state `SELECT a + b AS combined, c`.  The equivalent
+input to this method would be:
+
+#### Parameters
+
+* **columns**: `string` \| `string`[] \| `Record`&lt;`string`, `string`&gt; \| `Map`&lt;`string`, `string`&gt;
+
+#### Returns
+
+`this`
+
+#### Example
+
+```ts
+new Map([["combined", "a + b"], ["c", "c"]])
+
+Columns will always be returned in the order given, even if that order is different than
+the order used when adding the data.
+
+Note that you can pass in a `Record<string, string>` (e.g. an object literal). This method
+uses `Object.entries` which should preserve the insertion order of the object.  However,
+object insertion order is easy to get wrong and `Map` is more foolproof.
+```
+
+#### Inherited from
+
+`StandardQueryBase.select`
+
+***
+
+### toArray()
+
+```ts
+toArray(options?): Promise<any[]>
+```
+
+Collect the results as an array of objects.
+
+#### Parameters
+
+* **options?**: `Partial`&lt;[`QueryExecutionOptions`](../interfaces/QueryExecutionOptions.md)&gt;
+
+#### Returns
+
+`Promise`&lt;`any`[]&gt;
+
+#### Inherited from
+
+`StandardQueryBase.toArray`
+
+***
+
+### toArrow()
+
+```ts
+toArrow(options?): Promise<Table<any>>
+```
+
+Collect the results as an Arrow
+
+#### Parameters
+
+* **options?**: `Partial`&lt;[`QueryExecutionOptions`](../interfaces/QueryExecutionOptions.md)&gt;
+
+#### Returns
+
+`Promise`&lt;`Table`&lt;`any`&gt;&gt;
+
+#### See
+
+ArrowTable.
+
+#### Inherited from
+
+`StandardQueryBase.toArrow`
+
+***
+
+### useLsm()
+
+```ts
+useLsm(enable): this
+```
+
+Control MemWAL read routing for this query.
+
+By default (unset), when the table carries a MemWAL write spec (see
+[Table#setLsmWriteSpec](Table.md#setlsmwritespec)), reads are routed through the LSM scanner so
+they also return data written via the `mergeInsert` LSM path that has not yet
+been compacted into the base table (the active/frozen in-memory memtables and
+the flushed generations), deduplicated by primary key; a table without a spec
+reads the base table.
+
+#### Parameters
+
+* **enable**: `boolean`
+    `true` forces the LSM scanner and errors if the table has no
+    MemWAL write spec. `false` bypasses the MemWAL and reads the base table only,
+    even when a spec is present.
+    Note: the LSM scanner does not support every query shape (e.g. reranking,
+    hybrid search, `orderBy`). On a MemWAL table those shapes error unless
+    `useLsm(false)` is set, because a base-only read would silently exclude
+    un-compacted MemWAL data.
+
+#### Returns
+
+`this`
+
+#### Inherited from
+
+`StandardQueryBase.useLsm`
+
+***
+
+### where()
+
+```ts
+where(predicate): this
+```
+
+A filter statement to be applied to this query.
+
+The filter should be supplied as an SQL query string.  For example:
+
+#### Parameters
+
+* **predicate**: `string`
+
+#### Returns
+
+`this`
+
+#### Example
+
+```ts
+x > 10
+y > 0 AND y < 100
+x > 5 OR y = 'test'
+
+Filtering performance can often be improved by creating a scalar index
+on the filter column(s).
+
+Calling this multiple times combines the filters with a logical AND rather
+than replacing the previous filter.
+```
+
+#### Inherited from
+
+`StandardQueryBase.where`
+
+***
+
+### withRowId()
+
+```ts
+withRowId(): this
+```
+
+Whether to return the row id in the results.
+
+This column can be used to match results between different queries. For
+example, to match results from a full text search and a vector search in
+order to perform hybrid search.
+
+#### Returns
+
+`this`
+
+#### Inherited from
+
+`StandardQueryBase.withRowId`

docs/src/js/classes/Connection.md

@@ -448,26 +448,6 @@ on the returned job to know when cleanup has finished.
 
 ***
 
-### getJob()
-
-```ts
-abstract getJob(jobId): Promise<null | JobDescription>
-```
-
-Describe a single server-side job by id.
-
-Resolves to `null` when the server has no such job.
-
-#### Parameters
-
-* **jobId**: `string`
-
-#### Returns
-
-`Promise`&lt;`null` \| [`JobDescription`](../interfaces/JobDescription.md)&gt;
-
-***
-
 ### isOpen()
 
 ```ts
@@ -482,48 +462,6 @@ Return true if the connection has not been closed
 
 ***
 
-### job()
-
-```ts
-abstract job(jobId): Job
-```
-
-A [Job](Job.md) handle for a server-side job by id.
-
-The handle is constructed without a server round trip; an unknown id
-surfaces when the handle is used. Dropping the handle has no effect on
-the job itself.
-
-#### Parameters
-
-* **jobId**: `string`
-
-#### Returns
-
-[`Job`](Job.md)
-
-***
-
-### jobHistory()
-
-```ts
-abstract jobHistory(jobId?): Promise<Table<any>>
-```
-
-The lifecycle event history of a server-side job, as an Arrow table.
-
-Lists history across all jobs when `jobId` is omitted.
-
-#### Parameters
-
-* **jobId?**: `string`
-
-#### Returns
-
-`Promise`&lt;`Table`&lt;`any`&gt;&gt;
-
-***
-
 ### listJobs()
 
 ```ts
@@ -584,6 +522,94 @@ Child namespace names and
 
 ***
 
+### listTables()
+
+#### listTables(options)
+
+```ts
+abstract listTables(options?): Promise<ListTablesResponse>
+```
+
+List a page of the tables in this database.
+
+To retrieve the tables after the page, pass the `pageToken` the response
+carries back in. A page can be shorter than `limit` without being the last
+one, so walk until a response carries no page token:
+
+```ts
+const names = [];
+let pageToken = undefined;
+do {
+  const page = await conn.listTables({ pageToken, limit: 100 });
+  names.push(...page.tables);
+  pageToken = page.pageToken;
+} while (pageToken);
+```
+
+##### Parameters
+
+* **options?**: `Partial`&lt;[`ListTablesOptions`](../interfaces/ListTablesOptions.md)&gt;
+    Pagination options
+    (`pageToken`, `limit`).
+
+##### Returns
+
+`Promise`&lt;[`ListTablesResponse`](../interfaces/ListTablesResponse.md)&gt;
+
+A page of table names and an
+  optional token for the tables after it.
+
+#### listTables(namespacePath, options)
+
+```ts
+abstract listTables(namespacePath?, options?): Promise<ListTablesResponse>
+```
+
+List a page of the tables in this database.
+
+##### Parameters
+
+* **namespacePath?**: `string`[]
+    The namespace path to list tables from
+    (defaults to root namespace)
+
+* **options?**: `Partial`&lt;[`ListTablesOptions`](../interfaces/ListTablesOptions.md)&gt;
+    Pagination options
+    (`pageToken`, `limit`).
+
+##### Returns
+
+`Promise`&lt;[`ListTablesResponse`](../interfaces/ListTablesResponse.md)&gt;
+
+A page of table names and an
+  optional token for the tables after it.
+
+***
+
+### openJob()
+
+```ts
+abstract openJob(jobId): Promise<Job>
+```
+
+Open a server-side job by id, returning a handle with its record already
+populated. Rejects when the server has no such job, the way
+[Connection.openTable](Connection.md#opentable) does for a missing table.
+
+The returned [Job](Job.md) answers for its own state, specification,
+result, failure and event history, so there is no separate
+connection-level call for any of them.
+
+#### Parameters
+
+* **jobId**: `string`
+
+#### Returns
+
+`Promise`&lt;[`Job`](Job.md)&gt;
+
+***
+
 ### openMaterializedView()
 
 ```ts
@@ -660,7 +686,7 @@ a "not supported" error.
 
 ***
 
-### tableNames()
+### ~~tableNames()~~
 
 #### tableNames(options)
 
@@ -682,6 +708,10 @@ Tables will be returned in lexicographical order.
 
 `Promise`&lt;`string`[]&gt;
 
+##### Deprecated
+
+Use [Connection.listTables](Connection.md#listtables) instead.
+
 #### tableNames(namespacePath, options)
 
 ```ts
@@ -704,3 +734,7 @@ Tables will be returned in lexicographical order.
 ##### Returns
 
 `Promise`&lt;`string`[]&gt;
+
+##### Deprecated
+
+Use [Connection.listTables](Connection.md#listtables) instead.

docs/src/js/classes/Job.md

@@ -8,19 +8,46 @@
 
 A handle to an operation that may still be running.
 
-## Constructors
+The operation may already be complete when the handle is created.
 
-### new Job()
+The detail getters read what the handle last observed. Submitting an
+operation returns only a job id, so populating them eagerly would cost an
+extra round trip on every call:
+
+- [Job.refresh](Job.md#refresh) and [Job.status](Job.md#status) fetch the whole record.
+- [Job.wait](Job.md#wait) records the terminal state it establishes, but not the
+  rest of the record.
+- Everything is null until one of those runs.
+
+## Accessors
+
+### creationMs
 
 ```ts
-new Job(): Job
+get creationMs(): null | number
 ```
 
+When the job was created, in milliseconds since the epoch.
+
 #### Returns
 
-[`Job`](Job.md)
+`null` \| `number`
 
-## Accessors
+***
+
+### failure
+
+```ts
+get failure(): null | JobFailureInfo
+```
+
+Why the job failed, when it failed and the server reports a reason.
+
+#### Returns
+
+`null` \| [`JobFailureInfo`](../interfaces/JobFailureInfo.md)
+
+***
 
 ### id
 
@@ -28,8 +55,69 @@ new Job(): Job
 get id(): null | string
 ```
 
-Identifies the operation on the server that is running it. Operations
+Identifies the operation on the server that is running it.
-that run in this process have no server id. The value is opaque.
+
+Operations that run in this process have no server id. The value is
+opaque: parsing it or storing it to resume the job later is not supported.
+
+#### Returns
+
+`null` \| `string`
+
+***
+
+### jobType
+
+```ts
+get jobType(): null | string
+```
+
+The job's type, as the server names it. Null for an in-process job, which
+has no server-side record.
+
+#### Returns
+
+`null` \| `string`
+
+***
+
+### result
+
+```ts
+get result(): any
+```
+
+The job-type-specific terminal result. Null until the job succeeds, so a
+job that never terminates reports its progress through [Job.events](Job.md#events)
+instead.
+
+#### Returns
+
+`any`
+
+***
+
+### spec
+
+```ts
+get spec(): any
+```
+
+The job-type-specific specification it was submitted with.
+
+#### Returns
+
+`any`
+
+***
+
+### state
+
+```ts
+get state(): null | string
+```
+
+The last observed lifecycle state, without contacting the backend.
 
 #### Returns
 
@@ -51,18 +139,61 @@ Request cancellation. Cancelling a finished operation is a no-op.
 
 ***
 
+### events()
+
+```ts
+events(options?): Promise<Table<any>>
+```
+
+This job's recorded lifecycle events.
+
+Where the getters above report a terminal result only once the job reaches
+one, events are written as the job runs and outlive the workers that
+produced them. A distributed job records a `claim`/`claim_complete` pair
+per unit of work, each carrying `rows_processed`, so a job that never
+finishes still accounts for what it did.
+
+The server caps results at 1000 rows by default and 10,000 at most, and
+truncates without saying so, so pass `limit` for a job that emits an event
+per fragment. `filter` is a SQL-like expression over the `state`,
+`updated_by`, `emitted_from`, `emitted_by`, and `claim_entity` columns.
+
+#### Parameters
+
+* **options?**: [`JobEventsOptions`](../interfaces/JobEventsOptions.md)
+
+#### Returns
+
+`Promise`&lt;`Table`&lt;`any`&gt;&gt;
+
+***
+
+### refresh()
+
+```ts
+refresh(): Promise<void>
+```
+
+Ask the backend for this job's current state, and for a server-side job
+its full record, then cache it for the getters above.
+
+#### Returns
+
+`Promise`&lt;`void`&gt;
+
+***
+
 ### status()
 
 ```ts
 status(): Promise<string>
 ```
 
-The operation's current lifecycle state: "running", "finished",
+The operation's current lifecycle state: "running", "finished", "failed",
-"failed", or "cancelled".
+or "cancelled".
 
-A point snapshot; unlike [Job.wait](Job.md#wait) it does not block or reject
+A point snapshot; unlike [Job.wait](Job.md#wait) it does not block or reject on a
-on a terminal failure state. States a newer server reports that this
+terminal failure state. Also refreshes the getters above.
-client version does not know pass through as-is.
 
 #### Returns
 
@@ -70,6 +201,22 @@ client version does not know pass through as-is.
 
 ***
 
+### toString()
+
+```ts
+toString(): string
+```
+
+Every field the handle currently knows, one per line, with the JSON
+payloads indented -- a refresh job's spec and result are the point of
+printing it.
+
+#### Returns
+
+`string`
+
+***
+
 ### wait()
 
 ```ts

docs/src/js/classes/Table.md

@@ -676,9 +676,17 @@ List all the versions of the table
 abstract mergeInsert(on): MergeInsertBuilder
 ```
 
+Create a [MergeInsertBuilder](MergeInsertBuilder.md), which combines new data with the
+existing table in a single transaction — inserting, updating and deleting
+rows depending on how they match.
+
 #### Parameters
 
 * **on**: `string` \| `string`[]
+    The column, or columns, to match source rows against target
+    rows on. Typically a key or id column. Several columns match on the
+    composite key: a source row updates a target row only when it agrees on
+    every one of them.
 
 #### Returns
 
@@ -942,7 +950,7 @@ Get the schema of the table.
 abstract search(
    query,
    queryType?,
-   ftsColumns?): Query | VectorQuery
+   ftsColumns?): Query | VectorQuery | AutoQuery
 ```
 
 Create a search query to find the nearest neighbors
@@ -964,7 +972,7 @@ of the given query
 
 #### Returns
 
-[`Query`](Query.md) \| [`VectorQuery`](VectorQuery.md)
+[`Query`](Query.md) \| [`VectorQuery`](VectorQuery.md) \| [`AutoQuery`](AutoQuery.md)
 
 ***
 
@@ -1292,6 +1300,18 @@ abstract updateFieldMetadata(updates): Promise<UpdateFieldMetadataResult>
 
 Update per-field (column) metadata.
 
+The following keys are treated specially, by convention, and should be
+used when appropriate:
+
+- `lancedb:description`: for a human-readable description of a field.
+- `lancedb:tag:<name>`: for a user-defined key-value tag, where the suffix
+  names the tag category; e.g. `lancedb:tag:model: "clip"`.
+- `lancedb:logical-column`: for a column grouping; e.g. `feature_v1` and
+  `feature_v2` might be in the same logical column.
+- `lancedb:status`: for status options (`production`, `candidate`,
+  `deprecated`, `archived`) to designate the current life cycle state of
+  this column.
+
 #### Parameters
 
 * **updates**: [`FieldMetadataUpdate`](../interfaces/FieldMetadataUpdate.md)[]

docs/src/js/globals.md

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 ## Classes
 
+- [AutoQuery](classes/AutoQuery.md)
 - [BooleanQuery](classes/BooleanQuery.md)
 - [BoostQuery](classes/BoostQuery.md)
 - [BranchContents](classes/BranchContents.md)
@@ -95,11 +96,13 @@
 - [IvfFlatOptions](interfaces/IvfFlatOptions.md)
 - [IvfPqOptions](interfaces/IvfPqOptions.md)
 - [IvfRqOptions](interfaces/IvfRqOptions.md)
-- [JobDescription](interfaces/JobDescription.md)
+- [JobEventsOptions](interfaces/JobEventsOptions.md)
 - [JobFailureInfo](interfaces/JobFailureInfo.md)
 - [JobInfo](interfaces/JobInfo.md)
 - [ListNamespacesOptions](interfaces/ListNamespacesOptions.md)
 - [ListNamespacesResponse](interfaces/ListNamespacesResponse.md)
+- [ListTablesOptions](interfaces/ListTablesOptions.md)
+- [ListTablesResponse](interfaces/ListTablesResponse.md)
 - [LsmStats](interfaces/LsmStats.md)
 - [LsmWriteSpec](interfaces/LsmWriteSpec.md)
 - [MaterializedViewDefinition](interfaces/MaterializedViewDefinition.md)

docs/src/js/interfaces/FieldMetadataUpdate.md

@@ -17,7 +17,8 @@ metadata: Record<string, null | string>;
 ```
 
 Metadata key/value pairs. Merged into the field's existing metadata by
-default; a value of `null` deletes that key.
+default; a value of `null` deletes that key. See
+[Table.updateFieldMetadata](../classes/Table.md#updatefieldmetadata) for the conventional `lancedb:*` keys.
 
 ***
 

docs/src/js/interfaces/JobDescription.md

@@ -1,66 +0,0 @@
-[**@lancedb/lancedb**](../README.md) • **Docs**
-
-***
-
-[@lancedb/lancedb](../globals.md) / JobDescription
-
-# Interface: JobDescription
-
-A described job from `Connection.getJob`.
-
-## Properties
-
-### creationMs
-
-```ts
-creationMs: number;
-```
-
-When the job was created, in milliseconds since the epoch.
-
-***
-
-### failure?
-
-```ts
-optional failure: JobFailureInfo;
-```
-
-Why the job failed, when the job is failed and the server reports a
-reason.
-
-***
-
-### jobId
-
-```ts
-jobId: string;
-```
-
-***
-
-### jobType
-
-```ts
-jobType: string;
-```
-
-***
-
-### specJson?
-
-```ts
-optional specJson: string;
-```
-
-The job-type-specific specification as a JSON string, when present.
-
-***
-
-### state
-
-```ts
-state: string;
-```
-
-Lifecycle state: "running", "finished", "failed", or "cancelled".

docs/src/js/interfaces/JobEventsOptions.md

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+[**@lancedb/lancedb**](../README.md) • **Docs**
+
+***
+
+[@lancedb/lancedb](../globals.md) / JobEventsOptions
+
+# Interface: JobEventsOptions
+
+Which of a job's events [Job.events](../classes/Job.md#events) returns.
+
+## Properties
+
+### filter?
+
+```ts
+optional filter: string;
+```
+
+SQL-like filter over the event columns.
+
+***
+
+### limit?
+
+```ts
+optional limit: number;
+```
+
+Maximum event rows to return, up to the server maximum of 10,000.

docs/src/js/interfaces/JobInfo.md

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ When the job was created, in milliseconds since the epoch.
 jobId: string;
 ```
 
-The job id -- what `Connection.getJob` and `Connection.cancelJob`
+The job id -- what `Connection.openJob` and `Connection.cancelJob`
 accept.
 
 ***

docs/src/js/interfaces/ListTablesOptions.md

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+[**@lancedb/lancedb**](../README.md) • **Docs**
+
+***
+
+[@lancedb/lancedb](../globals.md) / ListTablesOptions
+
+# Interface: ListTablesOptions
+
+## Properties
+
+### limit?
+
+```ts
+optional limit: number;
+```
+
+An upper bound on how many tables to return.
+
+A page may hold fewer than this and still not be the last one, so keep
+going while the response carries a page token rather than while pages are
+full.
+
+***
+
+### pageToken?
+
+```ts
+optional pageToken: string;
+```
+
+Token from a previous response, to resume listing where it left off.
+
+The token is opaque: it carries whatever the database needs to resume, and
+callers should not construct or interpret one.

docs/src/js/interfaces/ListTablesResponse.md

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+[**@lancedb/lancedb**](../README.md) • **Docs**
+
+***
+
+[@lancedb/lancedb](../globals.md) / ListTablesResponse
+
+# Interface: ListTablesResponse
+
+## Properties
+
+### pageToken?
+
+```ts
+optional pageToken: string;
+```
+
+***
+
+### tables
+
+```ts
+tables: string[];
+```

docs/src/js/interfaces/MaterializedViewDefinition.md

@@ -50,6 +50,16 @@ projections: [string, string][];
 
 ***
 
+### sourceNamespace
+
+```ts
+sourceNamespace: string[];
+```
+
+Namespace holding the source table; empty is the root namespace.
+
+***
+
 ### sourceTable
 
 ```ts

docs/src/js/interfaces/TableNamesOptions.md

@@ -4,11 +4,16 @@
 
 [@lancedb/lancedb](../globals.md) / TableNamesOptions
 
-# Interface: TableNamesOptions
+# Interface: ~~TableNamesOptions~~
+
+## Deprecated
+
+Use [ListTablesOptions](ListTablesOptions.md) with [Connection.listTables](../classes/Connection.md#listtables)
+instead.
 
 ## Properties
 
-### limit?
+### ~~limit?~~
 
 ```ts
 optional limit: number;
@@ -18,7 +23,7 @@ An optional limit to the number of results to return.
 
 ***
 
-### startAfter?
+### ~~startAfter?~~
 
 ```ts
 optional startAfter: string;

docs/src/js/namespaces/embedding/functions/getRegistry.md

@@ -10,16 +10,12 @@
 function getRegistry(): EmbeddingFunctionRegistry
 ```
 
-Utility function to get the global instance of the registry
+Get the global embedding function registry.
+
+LanceDB built-in providers are initialized when this public API is first
+used, so importing the root package does not change automatic search
+selection for tables without embedding metadata.
 
 ## Returns
 
 [`EmbeddingFunctionRegistry`](../classes/EmbeddingFunctionRegistry.md)
-
-`EmbeddingFunctionRegistry` The global instance of the registry
-
-## Example
-
-```ts
-const registry = getRegistry();
-const openai = registry.get("openai").create();

docs/src/python/python.md

@@ -28,6 +28,59 @@ is also an [asynchronous API client](#connections-asynchronous).
 
 ::: lancedb.Session
 
+## Remote SQL
+
+Submit SQL against a remote LanceDB database through the connection.
+The connected database and `default_namespace_path=["public"]` are used for
+unqualified tables. Fully qualified references can still query other databases
+and namespaces available to the same deployment. `execute_query` returns a
+reader as soon as its initial result stream is available. `execute_query_async`
+returns a query handle immediately; use it to inspect progress, open a reader,
+or cancel the query. The SQL client is initialized by the first query and
+retained for the lifetime of the remote connection. Query ids are random,
+connection-scoped references rather than encoded SQL or durable resume tokens:
+
+```python
+import lancedb
+
+db = lancedb.connect(
+    "db://analytics",
+    api_key="ldb_...",
+    host_override="https://api.example.com",
+    sql_host_override="grpc+tls://sql.example.com:10026",
+)
+reader = db.execute_query(
+    """
+    SELECT events.id, accounts.name
+    FROM analytics.public.events AS events
+    JOIN users.public.accounts AS accounts ON events.user_id = accounts.id
+    """,
+    default_namespace_path=["public"],
+)
+for batch in reader:
+    print(batch.num_rows)
+
+query = db.execute_query_async("SELECT * FROM events")
+print(query.id)
+print(query.describe().status)
+for batch in query.reader():
+    print(batch.num_rows)
+
+# The async connection exposes the same lifecycle without blocking:
+# async_db = await lancedb.connect_async(
+#     "db://analytics",
+#     api_key="ldb_...",
+#     host_override="https://api.example.com",
+#     sql_host_override="grpc+tls://sql.example.com:10026",
+# )
+# reader = await async_db.execute_query("SELECT * FROM events")
+# query = await async_db.execute_query_async("SELECT * FROM events")
+# description = await async_db.describe_query(query.id)
+# async for batch in await query.reader():
+#     print(batch.num_rows)
+# await query.cancel()
+```
+
 ## Namespaces (Synchronous)
 
 A namespace-backed connection resolves tables through a
@@ -72,6 +125,10 @@ listing a storage directory.
 
 ::: lancedb.functions.UdfDefinition
 
+::: lancedb.secrets.EnvVarSecret
+
+::: lancedb.secrets.SecretInfo
+
 ::: lancedb.functions.FunctionRegistrationRequest
 
 ::: lancedb.functions.FunctionArtifactRequest
@@ -94,6 +151,8 @@ listing a storage directory.
 
 ::: lancedb.functions.OutputMapping
 
+::: lancedb.functions.AssignmentMapping
+
 ::: lancedb.functions.FunctionBinding
 
 ::: lancedb.functions.RefreshColumnResult
@@ -102,6 +161,18 @@ listing a storage directory.
 
 ::: lancedb.job.AsyncJob
 
+::: lancedb.job.JobInfo
+
+::: lancedb.job.JobDescription
+
+::: lancedb.job.JobFailureInfo
+
+::: lancedb.sql.Query
+
+::: lancedb.sql.AsyncQuery
+
+::: lancedb.sql.QueryDescription
+
 ## Materialized Views (Synchronous)
 
 ::: lancedb.materialized_view.MaterializedView
@@ -159,6 +230,8 @@ and combined with [BooleanQuery][lancedb.query.BooleanQuery].
 
 ::: lancedb.query.FullTextOperator
 
+::: lancedb.query.DocumentGranularity
+
 ::: lancedb.query.Occur
 
 ## Embeddings
@@ -221,9 +294,13 @@ tokens = list(
 Blob columns store large binary values out of line so they can be read lazily
 instead of being materialized with the rest of the row.
 
-::: lancedb.blob
+`lancedb.BlobType` is `lance.blob.BlobType` when pylance is installed. Without
+pylance, LanceDB uses a matching `lance.blob.v2` extension type so blob columns
+still work. Queries return descriptors. Call
+[`fetch_blob_files`][lancedb.table.Table.fetch_blob_files] for lazy reads or
+[`fetch_blobs`][lancedb.table.Table.fetch_blobs] for eager bytes.
 
-::: lancedb.BlobType
+::: lancedb.blob
 
 ::: lancedb._blob.BlobFile
     options:
@@ -243,6 +320,12 @@ instead of being materialized with the rest of the row.
 
 ::: lancedb.exceptions.MissingColumnError
 
+::: lancedb.exceptions.JobNotFoundError
+
+::: lancedb.exceptions.JobFailedError
+
+::: lancedb.exceptions.JobCancelledError
+
 ## Integrations
 
 ## Pydantic

docs/tsconfig.json

@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "include": [
-    "src/*.ts",
-  ],
-  "compilerOptions": {
-    "target": "es2022",
-    "module": "nodenext",
-    "declaration": true,
-    "outDir": "./dist",
-    "strict": true,
-    "allowJs": true,
-    "resolveJsonModule": true,
-  },
-  "exclude": [
-    "./dist/*",
-  ]
-}

java/lancedb-core/pom.xml

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
     <parent>
       <groupId>com.lancedb</groupId>
       <artifactId>lancedb-parent</artifactId>
-      <version>0.38.0-beta.6</version>
+      <version>0.39.0-beta.4</version>
       <relativePath>../pom.xml</relativePath>
     </parent>
 

java/pom.xml

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 
     <groupId>com.lancedb</groupId>
     <artifactId>lancedb-parent</artifactId>
-    <version>0.38.0-beta.6</version>
+    <version>0.39.0-beta.4</version>
     <packaging>pom</packaging>
     <name>${project.artifactId}</name>
     <description>LanceDB Java SDK Parent POM</description>
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
     <properties>
         <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
         <arrow.version>15.0.0</arrow.version>
-        <lance-core.version>11.0.0-beta.22</lance-core.version>
+        <lance-core.version>12.0.0-beta.14</lance-core.version>
         <spotless.skip>false</spotless.skip>
         <spotless.version>2.30.0</spotless.version>
         <spotless.java.googlejavaformat.version>1.7</spotless.java.googlejavaformat.version>

nodejs/Cargo.toml

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 [package]
 name = "lancedb-nodejs"
 edition.workspace = true
-version = "0.38.0-beta.6"
+version = "0.39.0-beta.4"
 publish = false
 license.workspace = true
 description.workspace = true

nodejs/__test__/arrow.test.ts

@@ -1,11 +1,16 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright The LanceDB Authors
+import * as fs from "node:fs";
+import * as vm from "node:vm";
 import * as arrow15 from "apache-arrow-15";
 import * as arrow16 from "apache-arrow-16";
 import * as arrow17 from "apache-arrow-17";
 import * as arrow18 from "apache-arrow-18";
 
 import {
+  Field as CurrentField,
+  LargeBinary as CurrentLargeBinary,
+  Schema as CurrentSchema,
   Vector as CurrentVector,
   convertToTable,
   tableFromIPC as currentTableFromIPC,
@@ -36,6 +41,59 @@ function sampleRecords(): Array<Record<string, any>> {
     },
   ];
 }
+
+it("serializes an Arrow Table created in another JavaScript realm", async () => {
+  const context = vm.createContext({
+    TextDecoder,
+    TextEncoder,
+    console,
+    setTimeout,
+    clearTimeout,
+  });
+  vm.runInContext(
+    fs.readFileSync(
+      require.resolve("apache-arrow-15/Arrow.es2015.min"),
+      "utf8",
+    ),
+    context,
+  );
+  const foreignTable: unknown = vm.runInContext(
+    "Arrow.tableFromArrays({ id: new Int32Array([1, 2, 3]), text: ['foo', 'bar', 'baz'] })",
+    context,
+  );
+
+  const foreignMetadata = (
+    foreignTable as { schema: { metadata: Map<string, string> } }
+  ).schema.metadata;
+  expect(foreignMetadata).not.toBeInstanceOf(Map);
+
+  const buf = await fromDataToBuffer(
+    foreignTable as Parameters<typeof fromDataToBuffer>[0],
+  );
+  const actual = currentTableFromIPC(buf);
+
+  expect(actual.numRows).toBe(3);
+  expect(actual.getChild("id")?.toJSON()).toEqual([1, 2, 3]);
+  expect(actual.getChild("text")?.toJSON()).toEqual(["foo", "bar", "baz"]);
+});
+
+it("preserves field metadata from a provided schema", async function () {
+  const jsonMetadata = new Map([["ARROW:extension:name", "lance.json"]]);
+  const schema = new CurrentSchema([
+    new CurrentField("meta", new CurrentLargeBinary(), true, jsonMetadata),
+  ]);
+
+  const table = makeArrowTable(
+    [{ meta: Buffer.from(JSON.stringify({ source: "test" })) }],
+    { schema },
+  );
+
+  expect(table.schema.fields[0].metadata).toEqual(jsonMetadata);
+
+  const roundTripped = currentTableFromIPC(await fromTableToBuffer(table));
+  expect(roundTripped.schema.fields[0].metadata).toEqual(jsonMetadata);
+});
+
 describe.each([arrow15, arrow16, arrow17, arrow18])(
   "Arrow",
   (
@@ -515,6 +573,137 @@ describe.each([arrow15, arrow16, arrow17, arrow18])(
         );
       });
 
+      it("will allow matching inferred types across records", function () {
+        expect(() =>
+          makeArrowTable([{ value: 1 }, { value: 2 }]),
+        ).not.toThrow();
+      });
+
+      it("will reject mismatched inferred types across records", function () {
+        expect(() => makeArrowTable([{ value: 1 }, { value: "two" }])).toThrow(
+          "Failed to infer schema for data. Previously inferred type Float64 but found Utf8 for field value at row 1. Consider providing an explicit schema.",
+        );
+      });
+
+      it("will ignore generated dictionary IDs when comparing inferred types", function () {
+        const table = makeArrowTable([{ str: "a" }, { str: "b" }], {
+          dictionaryEncodeStrings: true,
+        });
+
+        expect(table.getChild("str")?.toJSON()).toEqual(["a", "b"]);
+      });
+
+      it("will preserve null values without treating them as type mismatches", function () {
+        for (const records of [
+          [{ vector: [1, 2, 3] }, { vector: null }],
+          [{ vector: null }, { vector: [1, 2, 3] }],
+        ]) {
+          const table = makeArrowTable(records);
+
+          expect(table.numRows).toBe(2);
+          expect(table.getChild("vector")?.nullCount).toBe(1);
+        }
+      });
+
+      it("will preserve empty variable-size lists", function () {
+        for (const records of [
+          [{ items: [1] }, { items: [] }],
+          [{ items: [] }, { items: [1] }],
+        ]) {
+          const table = makeArrowTable(records);
+          expect(
+            table
+              .getChild("items")
+              ?.toJSON()
+              .map((value) => value.toJSON()),
+          ).toEqual(records.map((record) => record.items));
+        }
+      });
+
+      it("will propagate deferred evidence through nested lists", function () {
+        for (const records of [
+          [{ items: [1] }, { items: [null] }],
+          [{ items: [null] }, { items: [1] }],
+          [{ items: [null, 1] }, { items: [2, null] }],
+        ]) {
+          const table = makeArrowTable(records);
+          expect(
+            table
+              .getChild("items")
+              ?.toJSON()
+              .map((value) => value.toJSON()),
+          ).toEqual(records.map((record) => record.items));
+        }
+
+        const nestedRecords = [{ items: [[1]] }, { items: [[null]] }];
+        const nestedTable = makeArrowTable(nestedRecords);
+        expect(
+          nestedTable
+            .getChild("items")
+            ?.toJSON()
+            .map((value) =>
+              value
+                .toJSON()
+                .map((nestedValue: { toJSON: () => unknown[] }) =>
+                  nestedValue.toJSON(),
+                ),
+            ),
+        ).toEqual(nestedRecords.map((record) => record.items));
+      });
+
+      it("will reject incompatible deferred evidence within a list", function () {
+        for (const items of [
+          [[], 1],
+          [1, []],
+          [[null], 1],
+          [1, [null]],
+        ]) {
+          expect(() => makeArrowTable([{ items }])).toThrow(
+            "Failed to infer data type for field items at row 0.",
+          );
+        }
+      });
+
+      it("will reject empty fixed-size lists", function () {
+        expect(() =>
+          makeArrowTable([{ vector: [1, 2, 3] }, { vector: [] }]),
+        ).toThrow(
+          "Failed to infer schema for data. Previously inferred type FixedSizeList[3]<Float32> but found List[0] for field vector at row 1.",
+        );
+      });
+
+      it("will reject inferred leaf and branch shape changes", function () {
+        expect(() =>
+          makeArrowTable([{ value: 1 }, { value: { nested: 2 } }]),
+        ).toThrow(
+          "Failed to infer schema for data. Previously inferred type Float64 but found Struct for field value at row 1.",
+        );
+        expect(() =>
+          makeArrowTable([{ value: { nested: 1 } }, { value: 2 }]),
+        ).toThrow(
+          "Failed to infer schema for data. Previously inferred type Struct but found Float64 for field value at row 1.",
+        );
+      });
+
+      it("will allow null values around inferred struct values", function () {
+        for (const { records, nullIndex } of [
+          {
+            records: [{ value: null }, { value: { nested: 2 } }],
+            nullIndex: 0,
+          },
+          {
+            records: [{ value: { nested: 1 } }, { value: null }],
+            nullIndex: 1,
+          },
+        ]) {
+          const table = makeArrowTable(records);
+          const values = table.getChild("value");
+
+          expect(values?.nullCount).toBe(1);
+          expect(values?.get(nullIndex)).toBeNull();
+        }
+      });
+
       it("will allow a schema to be provided", async function () {
         await checkTableCreation(
           async (records, _, schema) =>

nodejs/__test__/connection.test.ts

@@ -4,7 +4,13 @@
 import { readdirSync } from "fs";
 import { Field, Float64, Schema } from "apache-arrow";
 import * as tmp from "tmp";
-import { Connection, Table, connect, connectNamespace } from "../lancedb";
+import {
+  Connection,
+  ListTablesResponse,
+  Table,
+  connect,
+  connectNamespace,
+} from "../lancedb";
 import { LocalTable } from "../lancedb/table";
 
 describe("when connecting", () => {
@@ -47,6 +53,7 @@ describe("given a connection", () => {
     await db.close();
     expect(db.isOpen()).toBe(false);
     await expect(db.tableNames()).rejects.toThrow("Connection is closed");
+    await expect(db.listTables()).rejects.toThrow("Connection is closed");
     await expect(db.renameTable("a", "b")).rejects.toThrow(
       "Connection is closed",
     );
@@ -129,6 +136,66 @@ describe("given a connection", () => {
     expect(tables).toEqual(["b", "c"]);
   });
 
+  it("should respect limit and page token when listing tables", async () => {
+    const db = await connect(tmpDir.name);
+
+    await db.createTable("b", [{ id: 1 }]);
+    await db.createTable("a", [{ id: 1 }]);
+    await db.createTable("c", [{ id: 1 }]);
+
+    const all = await db.listTables();
+    expect(all.tables).toEqual(["a", "b", "c"]);
+    expect(all.pageToken).toBeUndefined();
+
+    const first = await db.listTables({ limit: 1 });
+    expect(first.tables).toEqual(["a"]);
+    expect(first.pageToken).toBeDefined();
+
+    const second = await db.listTables({
+      limit: 1,
+      pageToken: first.pageToken,
+    });
+    expect(second.tables).toEqual(["b"]);
+  });
+
+  it("should visit every table exactly once when walking pages", async () => {
+    const db = await connect(tmpDir.name);
+
+    const created = ["a", "b", "c", "d", "e"];
+    for (const name of created) {
+      await db.createTable(name, [{ id: 1 }]);
+    }
+
+    const seen: string[] = [];
+    let pageToken: string | undefined = undefined;
+    do {
+      const page: ListTablesResponse = await db.listTables({
+        limit: 2,
+        pageToken,
+      });
+      seen.push(...page.tables);
+      pageToken = page.pageToken;
+    } while (pageToken);
+
+    expect(seen).toEqual(created);
+  });
+
+  it("should list tables in a namespace", async () => {
+    const db = await connect(tmpDir.name, {
+      // biome-ignore lint/style/useNamingConvention: opaque backend property key, must match Rust
+      namespaceClientProperties: { manifest_enabled: "true" },
+    });
+    await db.createNamespace(["child"]);
+    await db.createTable("nested", [{ id: 1 }], ["child"]);
+
+    await expect(db.listTables(["child"])).resolves.toEqual(
+      expect.objectContaining({ tables: ["nested"] }),
+    );
+    await expect(db.listTables()).resolves.toEqual(
+      expect.objectContaining({ tables: [] }),
+    );
+  });
+
   it("should create tables in v2 mode", async () => {
     const db = await connect(tmpDir.name);
     const data = [...Array(10000).keys()].map((i) => ({ id: i }));

nodejs/__test__/embedding.test.ts

@@ -187,6 +187,58 @@ describe("embedding functions", () => {
     const vector0 = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(arr[0].vector));
     expect(vector0).toEqual([1, 2, 3]);
   });
+  it("should append multiple Python embeddings with the same alias", async () => {
+    @register("python-mock")
+    // biome-ignore lint/correctness/noUnusedVariables: the decorator registers this class
+    class MockEmbeddingFunction extends EmbeddingFunction<string> {
+      ndims() {
+        return 3;
+      }
+      embeddingDataType(): Float {
+        return new Float32();
+      }
+      async computeQueryEmbeddings(_data: string) {
+        return [1, 2, 3];
+      }
+      async computeSourceEmbeddings(data: string[]) {
+        return data.map((value) =>
+          value === "hello world" ? [1, 2, 3] : [4, 5, 6],
+        );
+      }
+    }
+
+    const metadata = new Map([
+      [
+        "embedding_functions",
+        '[{"source_column":"text1","vector_column":"vector1","name":"python-mock","model":{}},{"source_column":"text2","vector_column":"vector2","name":"python-mock","model":{}}]',
+      ],
+    ]);
+    const schema = new Schema(
+      [
+        new Field("text1", new Utf8(), true),
+        new Field("text2", new Utf8(), true),
+        new Field(
+          "vector1",
+          new FixedSizeList(3, new Field("item", new Float32(), true)),
+          true,
+        ),
+        new Field(
+          "vector2",
+          new FixedSizeList(3, new Field("item", new Float32(), true)),
+          true,
+        ),
+      ],
+      metadata,
+    );
+
+    const db = await connect(tmpDir.name);
+    const table = await db.createEmptyTable("test", schema);
+    await table.add([{ text1: "hello world", text2: "goodbye world" }]);
+
+    const rows = await table.query().toArray();
+    expect(JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(rows[0].vector1))).toEqual([1, 2, 3]);
+    expect(JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(rows[0].vector2))).toEqual([4, 5, 6]);
+  });
 
   it("should append generated vectors to a non-nullable schema", async () => {
     @register("non_nullable_schema_test")

nodejs/__test__/embedding_registry.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright The LanceDB Authors
+
+import { execFileSync } from "node:child_process";
+import { resolve } from "node:path";
+
+import type { OpenAIEmbeddingFunction } from "../lancedb/embedding/openai";
+import type { EmbeddingFunctionRegistry } from "../lancedb/embedding/registry";
+
+type EmbeddingModule = typeof import("../lancedb/embedding");
+type OpenAIModule = typeof import("../lancedb/embedding/openai");
+type RegistryModule = typeof import("../lancedb/embedding/registry");
+
+describe("embedding function registry", () => {
+  const registries: EmbeddingFunctionRegistry[] = [];
+
+  afterEach(() => {
+    for (const registry of registries) {
+      registry.reset();
+    }
+    registries.length = 0;
+  });
+
+  it("defers built-in providers until the public registry API is used", () => {
+    jest.isolateModules(() => {
+      const embedding = require("../lancedb/embedding") as EmbeddingModule;
+      const { getRegistry: getInternalRegistry } =
+        require("../lancedb/embedding/registry") as RegistryModule;
+      const registry = getInternalRegistry();
+      registries.push(registry);
+
+      expect(registry.length()).toBe(0);
+      expect(embedding.getRegistry()).toBe(registry);
+      expect(registry.get("openai")).toBeDefined();
+      expect(registry.get("huggingface")).toBeDefined();
+    });
+  });
+
+  it("preserves automatic FTS search in a fresh process", () => {
+    execFileSync(
+      process.execPath,
+      [resolve(__dirname, "fixtures", "auto_fts_search.cjs")],
+      { stdio: "pipe" },
+    );
+  });
+
+  it("shares registrations across duplicated provider module graphs", () => {
+    let registeringRegistry: EmbeddingFunctionRegistry | undefined;
+    let latestOpenAIConstructor: typeof OpenAIEmbeddingFunction | undefined;
+
+    jest.isolateModules(() => {
+      require("../lancedb/embedding/openai");
+      const { getRegistry } =
+        require("../lancedb/embedding/registry") as RegistryModule;
+      registeringRegistry = getRegistry();
+      registries.push(registeringRegistry);
+      expect(registeringRegistry.get("openai")).toBeDefined();
+    });
+
+    expect(() => {
+      jest.isolateModules(() => {
+        const { OpenAIEmbeddingFunction } =
+          require("../lancedb/embedding/openai") as OpenAIModule;
+        latestOpenAIConstructor = OpenAIEmbeddingFunction;
+        const { getRegistry } =
+          require("../lancedb/embedding/registry") as RegistryModule;
+        registries.push(getRegistry());
+      });
+    }).not.toThrow();
+
+    const previousApiKey = process.env.OPENAI_API_KEY;
+    process.env.OPENAI_API_KEY = "test";
+    try {
+      const latestOpenAI = registeringRegistry!
+        .get<OpenAIEmbeddingFunction>("openai")!
+        .create();
+      expect(latestOpenAI).toBeInstanceOf(latestOpenAIConstructor!);
+    } finally {
+      if (previousApiKey === undefined) {
+        delete process.env.OPENAI_API_KEY;
+      } else {
+        process.env.OPENAI_API_KEY = previousApiKey;
+      }
+    }
+
+    jest.isolateModules(() => {
+      const { getRegistry } =
+        require("../lancedb/embedding") as EmbeddingModule;
+      const publicRegistry = getRegistry();
+      registries.push(publicRegistry);
+      expect(publicRegistry).toBe(registeringRegistry);
+      expect(publicRegistry.get("openai")).toBeDefined();
+    });
+  });
+});

nodejs/__test__/fixtures/auto_fts_search.cjs

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright The LanceDB Authors
+
+const assert = require("node:assert/strict");
+const tmp = require("tmp");
+const { connect, embedding, Index } = require("../../dist");
+const { getRegistry } = require("../../dist/embedding/registry");
+
+async function main() {
+  assert.equal(typeof embedding.getRegistry, "function");
+  assert.equal(getRegistry().length(), 0);
+  assert.equal(embedding.getRegistry(), getRegistry());
+  assert.equal(getRegistry().length(), 2);
+
+  const dir = tmp.dirSync({ unsafeCleanup: true });
+  let db;
+  try {
+    db = await connect(dir.name);
+    const table = await db.createTable("docs", [{ text: "hello world" }]);
+    await table.createIndex("text", { config: Index.fts() });
+
+    const rows = await table.search("hello").toArray();
+    assert.equal(rows[0].text, "hello world");
+  } finally {
+    db?.close();
+    dir.removeCallback();
+  }
+}
+
+main().catch((error) => {
+  console.error(error);
+  process.exitCode = 1;
+});

nodejs/__test__/materialized_view.test.ts

@@ -48,6 +48,28 @@ describe("materialized views", () => {
     expect(definitionFromMetadata(safe, "v").limit).toBe(42);
   });
 
+  it("reads the namespaced select kind and refuses unknown kinds", () => {
+    // "namespaced_select" is the namespaced form of "select": same shape, a
+    // separate kind so readers that predate it refuse instead of resolving
+    // the source at the root.
+    const namespaced = new Map([
+      [
+        DEFINITION_META_KEY,
+        '{"kind":"namespaced_select","source_table":"people","source_namespace":["ns"]}',
+      ],
+    ]);
+    const definition = definitionFromMetadata(namespaced, "v");
+    expect(definition.sourceTable).toBe("people");
+    expect(definition.sourceNamespace).toEqual(["ns"]);
+
+    const unknown = new Map([
+      [DEFINITION_META_KEY, '{"kind":"select_v3","source_table":"people"}'],
+    ]);
+    expect(() => definitionFromMetadata(unknown, "v")).toThrow(
+      /cannot refresh/,
+    );
+  });
+
   it("creates, refreshes and queries a view", async () => {
     const view = await db.createMaterializedView("adults", "people", {
       select: ["name", ["shout", "upper(name)"]],

nodejs/__test__/package.test.ts

@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@ import packageJson = require("../package.json");
 
 describe("package metadata", () => {
   it("requires Node.js type declarations compatible with the runtime", () => {
-    expect(packageJson.engines.node).toBe(">= 18");
+    expect(packageJson.engines.node).toBe(">= 22");
-    expect(packageJson.peerDependencies["@types/node"]).toBe(">=18");
+    expect(packageJson.peerDependencies["@types/node"]).toBe(">=22");
     expect(packageJson.peerDependenciesMeta["@types/node"]).toEqual({
       optional: true,
     });

nodejs/__test__/remote.test.ts

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 
 import * as http from "http";
 import { RequestListener } from "http";
+import packageJson = require("../package.json");
 import {
   ClientConfig,
   Connection,
@@ -70,7 +71,13 @@ async function withMockDatabase(
   try {
     await callback(db);
   } finally {
-    server.close();
+    // `close()` alone leaves the port bound until keep-alive sockets drain, so
+    // a single failing test would cascade into EADDRINUSE for every test after
+    // it. Destroy the connections and wait for the port to actually be free.
+    await new Promise<void>((resolve) => {
+      server.closeAllConnections();
+      server.close(() => resolve());
+    });
   }
 }
 
@@ -131,7 +138,7 @@ describe("remote connection", () => {
       (req, res) => {
         expect(req.headers["x-api-key"]).toEqual("fake");
         expect(req.headers["user-agent"]).toEqual(
-          `LanceDB-Node-Client/${process.env.npm_package_version}`,
+          `LanceDB-Node-Client/${packageJson.version}`,
         );
 
         const body = JSON.stringify({ tables: [] });
@@ -932,6 +939,7 @@ describe("remote connection jobs surface", () => {
     const { tableFromArrays, tableToIPC } = await import("apache-arrow");
     const eventsTable = tableFromArrays({ state: ["created", "succeeded"] });
     const eventsBody = Buffer.from(tableToIPC(eventsTable, "stream"));
+    const queryEventsPayloads: Record<string, unknown>[] = [];
 
     await withMockDatabase(
       (req, res) => {
@@ -960,6 +968,16 @@ describe("remote connection jobs surface", () => {
                 );
             }
           } else if (req.url === "/v1/jobs/describe") {
+            if (payload["job_id"] === "job-2") {
+              res
+                .writeHead(200, { "Content-Type": "application/json" })
+                .end(
+                  '{"job_id": "job-2", "job_type": "refresh_column", ' +
+                    '"job_state": "DONE", "creation_ms": 2000, ' +
+                    '"result": {"rows_assigned": 1000000}}',
+                );
+              return;
+            }
             if (payload["job_id"] !== "job-1") {
               res.writeHead(404).end("no such job");
               return;
@@ -981,6 +999,7 @@ describe("remote connection jobs surface", () => {
               .writeHead(200, { "Content-Type": "application/json" })
               .end('{"job_id": "job-1"}');
           } else if (req.url === "/v1/jobs/query_events") {
+            queryEventsPayloads.push(payload);
             res
               .writeHead(200, {
                 "Content-Type": "application/vnd.apache.arrow.stream",
@@ -997,22 +1016,65 @@ describe("remote connection jobs surface", () => {
         expect(jobs[0].state).toEqual("running");
         expect(jobs[1].state).toEqual("finished");
 
-        const description = await db.getJob("job-1");
-        expect(description?.state).toEqual("failed");
-        expect(JSON.parse(description?.specJson ?? "")).toEqual({
-          column: "vec",
-        });
-        expect(description?.failure?.message).toEqual("worker died");
-        expect(await db.getJob("missing")).toBeNull();
-
         expect(await db.cancelJob("job-1")).toBe(true);
         expect(await db.cancelJob("missing")).toBe(false);
 
-        const history = await db.jobHistory("job-1");
+        // Opening a job hands back a populated handle; a missing one rejects.
-        expect(history.numRows).toEqual(2);
+        await expect(db.openJob("missing")).rejects.toThrow("not found");
+        const finished = await db.openJob("job-2");
+        expect(finished.state).toEqual("finished");
+        expect(finished.result).toEqual({
+          // biome-ignore lint/style/useNamingConvention: snake_case mandated by the server wire format
+          rows_assigned: 1000000,
+        });
 
-        const job = db.job("job-1");
+        const job = await db.openJob("job-1");
         expect(job.id).toEqual("job-1");
+
+        // openJob already populated the handle; refresh() re-reads it.
+        expect(job.state).toEqual("failed");
+        await job.refresh();
+        expect(job.state).toEqual("failed");
+        expect(job.jobType).toEqual("create_index");
+        expect(job.creationMs).toEqual(1000);
+        expect(job.spec).toEqual({ column: "vec" });
+        expect(job.result).toBeNull();
+        expect(job.failure?.message).toEqual("worker died");
+
+        // The handle reaches its own events, supplying its job id.
+        const jobEvents = await job.events({
+          limit: 500,
+          filter: "state = 'claim_complete'",
+        });
+        expect(jobEvents.numRows).toEqual(2);
+        expect(queryEventsPayloads.pop()).toEqual({
+          // biome-ignore lint/style/useNamingConvention: snake_case mandated by the server wire format
+          job_id: "job-1",
+          limit: 500,
+          filter: "state = 'claim_complete'",
+        });
+
+        // Printing lays every known field out on its own line, with the JSON
+        // payloads indented rather than crammed onto one line.
+        expect(`${job}`).toEqual(
+          [
+            "Job(",
+            '    id="job-1",',
+            '    state="failed",',
+            '    jobType="create_index",',
+            "    creationMs=1000,",
+            "    spec={",
+            '        "column": "vec"',
+            "    },",
+            "    failure={",
+            '        "phase": "execute",',
+            '        "message": "worker died",',
+            '        "retryable": true',
+            "    },",
+            ")",
+          ].join("\n"),
+        );
+
         expect(await job.status()).toEqual("failed");
         await expect(job.wait()).rejects.toThrow("worker died");
       },

nodejs/__test__/table.test.ts

@@ -11,10 +11,13 @@ import * as arrow17 from "apache-arrow-17";
 import * as arrow18 from "apache-arrow-18";
 
 import {
+  AutoQuery,
   Connection,
   MatchQuery,
   PhraseQuery,
+  Query,
   Table,
+  VectorQuery,
   connect,
   tokenize,
 } from "../lancedb";
@@ -682,13 +685,64 @@ describe.each([arrow15, arrow16, arrow17, arrow18])(
   },
 );
 
+// https://github.com/lancedb/lancedb/issues/1963
+it("should query documents with LangChain PDF metadata", async () => {
+  const tmpDir = tmp.dirSync({ unsafeCleanup: true });
+  try {
+    const db = await connect(tmpDir.name);
+    const documents = [
+      {
+        text: "first page",
+        vector: [1, 0],
+        source: "first.pdf",
+        loc: { pageNumber: 1, lines: { from: 1, to: 12 } },
+        pdf: {
+          version: "1.10.100",
+          info: {
+            format: "PDF 1.7",
+            producer: "pdf.js",
+            creator: "Writer",
+          },
+          totalPages: 2,
+        },
+      },
+      {
+        text: "second page",
+        vector: [0, 1],
+        source: "second.pdf",
+        loc: { pageNumber: 2, lines: { from: 13, to: 24 } },
+        pdf: {
+          version: "1.10.100",
+          info: {
+            format: "PDF 1.7",
+            producer: "pdf.js",
+            creator: "Writer",
+          },
+          totalPages: 2,
+        },
+      },
+    ];
+    const documentsTable = await db.createTable("documents", documents);
+
+    const results = await documentsTable.query().toArray();
+
+    expect(results).toHaveLength(2);
+    expect(results[0].source).toBe("first.pdf");
+    expect(results[0].pdf.info.producer).toBe("pdf.js");
+    expect(results[1].loc.pageNumber).toBe(2);
+  } finally {
+    tmpDir.removeCallback();
+  }
+});
+
 describe("merge insert", () => {
   let tmpDir: tmp.DirResult;
+  let conn: Connection;
   let table: Table;
 
   beforeEach(async () => {
     tmpDir = tmp.dirSync({ unsafeCleanup: true });
-    const conn = await connect(tmpDir.name);
+    conn = await connect(tmpDir.name);
 
     table = await conn.createTable("some_table", [
       { a: 1, b: "a" },
@@ -726,6 +780,38 @@ describe("merge insert", () => {
 
     expect(result.map((row) => ({ ...row }))).toEqual(expected);
   });
+  test("upsert on a composite key", async () => {
+    const composite = await conn.createTable("composite", [
+      { shard: "a", id: 1, val: "x" },
+      { shard: "a", id: 2, val: "y" },
+      { shard: "b", id: 1, val: "z" },
+    ]);
+
+    // ("a", 1) matches an existing row and updates it. ("b", 2) agrees with an
+    // existing row on each key column separately but on neither pair, so it is
+    // an insert.
+    const mergeInsertRes = await composite
+      .mergeInsert(["shard", "id"])
+      .whenMatchedUpdateAll()
+      .whenNotMatchedInsertAll()
+      .execute([
+        { shard: "a", id: 1, val: "X" },
+        { shard: "b", id: 2, val: "W" },
+      ]);
+    expect(mergeInsertRes.numUpdatedRows).toBe(1);
+    expect(mergeInsertRes.numInsertedRows).toBe(1);
+
+    const result = (await composite.toArrow())
+      .toArray()
+      .sort((a, b) => a.shard.localeCompare(b.shard) || a.id - b.id);
+
+    expect(result.map((row) => ({ ...row }))).toEqual([
+      { shard: "a", id: 1, val: "X" },
+      { shard: "a", id: 2, val: "y" },
+      { shard: "b", id: 1, val: "z" },
+      { shard: "b", id: 2, val: "W" },
+    ]);
+  });
   test("conditional update", async () => {
     const newData = [
       { a: 2, b: "x" },
@@ -1777,6 +1863,194 @@ describe("Read consistency interval", () => {
   });
 });
 
+describe("automatic search schema consistency", () => {
+  let tmpDir: tmp.DirResult;
+
+  class SchemaRefreshEmbedding extends EmbeddingFunction<string> {
+    ndims() {
+      return 2;
+    }
+
+    embeddingDataType() {
+      return new Float32();
+    }
+
+    async computeSourceEmbeddings(data: string[]) {
+      return data.map((value) => [value.length, 1]);
+    }
+
+    async computeQueryEmbeddings(value: string) {
+      return [value.length, 1];
+    }
+  }
+
+  function embeddingSchema() {
+    const func = new SchemaRefreshEmbedding();
+    return LanceSchema({
+      text: func.sourceField(new Utf8()),
+      vector: func.vectorField(),
+    });
+  }
+
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    getRegistry().reset();
+    register("schema-refresh")(SchemaRefreshEmbedding);
+    tmpDir = tmp.dirSync({ unsafeCleanup: true });
+  });
+
+  afterEach(() => {
+    getRegistry().reset();
+    tmpDir.removeCallback();
+  });
+
+  it("uses the schema refreshed from another connection", async () => {
+    const first = await connect(tmpDir.name, { readConsistencyInterval: 0 });
+    const second = await connect(tmpDir.name, { readConsistencyInterval: 0 });
+
+    try {
+      const stale = await first.createTable("docs", [{ text: "before" }], {
+        schema: embeddingSchema(),
+      });
+      const replacement = await second.createTable(
+        "docs",
+        [{ text: "after hello" }],
+        { mode: "overwrite" },
+      );
+      await replacement.createIndex("text", { config: Index.fts() });
+
+      const search = stale.search("hello");
+      expect(search).toBeInstanceOf(AutoQuery);
+      expect(search).not.toBeInstanceOf(Query);
+      expect(search).not.toBeInstanceOf(VectorQuery);
+      expect("nprobes" in search).toBe(false);
+
+      const rows = await search.toArray();
+      expect(rows[0].text).toBe("after hello");
+      expect((await stale.schema()).metadata.has("embedding_functions")).toBe(
+        false,
+      );
+    } finally {
+      first.close();
+      second.close();
+    }
+  });
+
+  it("tracks embedding metadata across checkout and restore", async () => {
+    const first = await connect(tmpDir.name, { readConsistencyInterval: 0 });
+    const second = await connect(tmpDir.name, { readConsistencyInterval: 0 });
+
+    try {
+      await first.createTable("docs", [{ text: "before" }], {
+        schema: embeddingSchema(),
+      });
+      const table = await second.createTable(
+        "docs",
+        [{ text: "after hello" }],
+        { mode: "overwrite" },
+      );
+      await table.createIndex("text", { config: Index.fts() });
+
+      await table.checkout(1);
+      expect((await table.search("before").toArray())[0].text).toBe("before");
+
+      await table.checkoutLatest();
+      expect((await table.search("hello").toArray())[0].text).toBe(
+        "after hello",
+      );
+
+      await table.checkout(1);
+      await table.restore();
+      expect((await table.search("before").toArray())[0].text).toBe("before");
+    } finally {
+      first.close();
+      second.close();
+    }
+  });
+
+  it("pins automatic search while computing an embedding", async () => {
+    let markStarted!: () => void;
+    let releaseEmbedding!: () => void;
+    const started = new Promise<void>((resolve) => {
+      markStarted = resolve;
+    });
+    const released = new Promise<void>((resolve) => {
+      releaseEmbedding = resolve;
+    });
+
+    class BlockingEmbedding extends SchemaRefreshEmbedding {
+      async computeQueryEmbeddings(value: string) {
+        markStarted();
+        await released;
+        return [value.length, 1];
+      }
+    }
+
+    register("schema-refresh-blocking")(BlockingEmbedding);
+    const func = new BlockingEmbedding();
+    const schema = LanceSchema({
+      text: func.sourceField(new Utf8()),
+      vector: func.vectorField(),
+    });
+    const first = await connect(tmpDir.name, { readConsistencyInterval: 0 });
+    const second = await connect(tmpDir.name, { readConsistencyInterval: 0 });
+
+    try {
+      const table = await first.createTable(
+        "docs",
+        [{ text: "hello before" }],
+        { schema },
+      );
+      const pending = table.search("hello").toArray();
+      await started;
+
+      const replacement = await second.createTable(
+        "docs",
+        [{ text: "hello after" }],
+        { mode: "overwrite" },
+      );
+      await replacement.createIndex("text", { config: Index.fts() });
+      releaseEmbedding();
+
+      expect((await pending)[0].text).toBe("hello before");
+    } finally {
+      releaseEmbedding();
+      first.close();
+      second.close();
+    }
+  });
+
+  it("refreshes a reused automatic search for every execution", async () => {
+    const first = await connect(tmpDir.name, { readConsistencyInterval: 0 });
+    const second = await connect(tmpDir.name, { readConsistencyInterval: 0 });
+
+    try {
+      const table = await first.createTable("docs", [
+        { text: "hello before", marker: "before" },
+      ]);
+      await table.createIndex("text", { config: Index.fts() });
+      const search = table.search("hello").select(["text"]);
+
+      const before = (await search.toArray())[0];
+      expect(before.text).toBe("hello before");
+      expect(before.marker).toBeUndefined();
+
+      const replacement = await second.createTable(
+        "docs",
+        [{ text: "hello after", marker: "after" }],
+        { mode: "overwrite" },
+      );
+      await replacement.createIndex("text", { config: Index.fts() });
+
+      const after = (await search.toArray())[0];
+      expect(after.text).toBe("hello after");
+      expect(after.marker).toBeUndefined();
+    } finally {
+      first.close();
+      second.close();
+    }
+  });
+});
+
 describe("schema evolution", function () {
   let tmpDir: tmp.DirResult;
   beforeEach(() => {
@@ -2344,7 +2618,24 @@ describe.each([arrow15, arrow16, arrow17, arrow18])(
       );
     });
 
-    test("full text search if no embedding function provided", async () => {
+    test("full text search if only an unrelated embedding function is registered", async () => {
+      register("unused")(
+        class extends EmbeddingFunction<string> {
+          ndims() {
+            return 3;
+          }
+          embeddingDataType() {
+            return new Float32();
+          }
+          async computeQueryEmbeddings(_data: string) {
+            return [1, 2, 3];
+          }
+          async computeSourceEmbeddings(data: string[]) {
+            return data.map(() => [1, 2, 3]);
+          }
+        },
+      );
+
       const db = await connect(tmpDir.name);
       const data = [
         { text: "hello world", vector: [0.1, 0.2, 0.3] },
@@ -2366,6 +2657,306 @@ describe.each([arrow15, arrow16, arrow17, arrow18])(
       expect(results2[0].text).toBe(data[1].text);
     });
 
+    test("auto search stays consistent with the active revision", async () => {
+      let initCalls = 0;
+      let queryCalls = 0;
+      let markStarted!: () => void;
+      const started = new Promise<void>((resolve) => {
+        markStarted = resolve;
+      });
+      let releaseEmbedding!: () => void;
+      const embeddingReleased = new Promise<void>((resolve) => {
+        releaseEmbedding = resolve;
+      });
+
+      @register("refresh-test")
+      class TestEmbedding extends EmbeddingFunction<string> {
+        async init() {
+          initCalls += 1;
+        }
+        ndims() {
+          return 1;
+        }
+        embeddingDataType() {
+          return new arrow.Float32();
+        }
+        async computeQueryEmbeddings(value: string) {
+          queryCalls += 1;
+          if (value === "blocked") {
+            markStarted();
+            await embeddingReleased;
+          }
+          return value === "greetings" ? [0.1] : [0.2];
+        }
+        async computeSourceEmbeddings(values: string[]) {
+          return values.map((value) =>
+            value === "hello world" ? [0.1] : [0.2],
+          );
+        }
+      }
+
+      const writer = await connect(tmpDir.name);
+      await writer.createTable("test", [{ text: "plain", vector: [0.0] }]);
+      const reader = await connect(tmpDir.name, {
+        readConsistencyInterval: 0,
+      });
+      const tracked = await reader.openTable("test");
+      type SnapshotCountingNative = {
+        querySnapshot: () => Promise<unknown>;
+      };
+      const native = (tracked as unknown as { inner: SnapshotCountingNative })
+        .inner;
+      const querySnapshot = native.querySnapshot.bind(native);
+      let snapshotCalls = 0;
+      native.querySnapshot = async () => {
+        snapshotCalls += 1;
+        return await querySnapshot();
+      };
+      const autoQuery = tracked.search("greetings").select(["text"]).limit(1);
+
+      const func = new TestEmbedding();
+      const schema = LanceSchema({
+        text: func.sourceField(new arrow.Utf8()),
+        vector: func.vectorField(),
+      });
+      const data = [{ text: "hello world" }, { text: "goodbye world" }];
+      await writer.createTable("test", data, { mode: "overwrite", schema });
+      const baselineInitCalls = initCalls;
+
+      expect(
+        (await tracked.schema()).metadata.get("embedding_functions"),
+      ).toBeDefined();
+      const results = await autoQuery.toArray();
+      expect(results[0].text).toBe(data[0].text);
+      expect(initCalls).toBe(baselineInitCalls + 1);
+      expect(queryCalls).toBe(1);
+      expect(snapshotCalls).toBe(1);
+
+      const repeatedResults = await autoQuery.toArray();
+      expect(repeatedResults[0].text).toBe(data[0].text);
+      expect(initCalls).toBe(baselineInitCalls + 1);
+      expect(queryCalls).toBe(1);
+      expect(snapshotCalls).toBe(2);
+
+      const pending = tracked
+        .search("blocked")
+        .select(["text"])
+        .limit(1)
+        .toArray();
+      await started;
+
+      const ftsData = [
+        { text: "greetings from full text", vector: [0.0] },
+        { text: "blocked from full text", vector: [0.0] },
+      ];
+      const ftsTable = await writer.createTable("test", ftsData, {
+        mode: "overwrite",
+      });
+      await ftsTable.createIndex("text", { config: Index.fts() });
+      releaseEmbedding();
+
+      const pendingResults = await pending;
+      expect(pendingResults[0].text).toBe(data[1].text);
+
+      expect(
+        (await tracked.schema()).metadata.get("embedding_functions"),
+      ).toBeUndefined();
+      const ftsResults = await autoQuery.toArray();
+      expect(ftsResults[0].text).toBe(ftsData[0].text);
+    });
+
+    test("auto search keeps newer preparation during a revision race", async () => {
+      let aCalls = 0;
+      let bCalls = 0;
+      let markAStarted!: () => void;
+      const aStarted = new Promise<void>((resolve) => {
+        markAStarted = resolve;
+      });
+      let releaseA!: () => void;
+      const aReleased = new Promise<void>((resolve) => {
+        releaseA = resolve;
+      });
+      let markBStarted!: () => void;
+      const bStarted = new Promise<void>((resolve) => {
+        markBStarted = resolve;
+      });
+      let releaseB!: () => void;
+      const bReleased = new Promise<void>((resolve) => {
+        releaseB = resolve;
+      });
+
+      @register("race-a")
+      class EmbeddingA extends EmbeddingFunction<string> {
+        ndims() {
+          return 1;
+        }
+        embeddingDataType() {
+          return new arrow.Float32();
+        }
+        async computeQueryEmbeddings() {
+          aCalls += 1;
+          markAStarted();
+          await aReleased;
+          return [0.1];
+        }
+        async computeSourceEmbeddings(values: string[]) {
+          return values.map(() => [0.1]);
+        }
+      }
+
+      @register("race-b")
+      class EmbeddingB extends EmbeddingFunction<string> {
+        ndims() {
+          return 1;
+        }
+        embeddingDataType() {
+          return new arrow.Float32();
+        }
+        async computeQueryEmbeddings() {
+          bCalls += 1;
+          markBStarted();
+          await bReleased;
+          return [0.2];
+        }
+        async computeSourceEmbeddings(values: string[]) {
+          return values.map(() => [0.2]);
+        }
+      }
+
+      const writer = await connect(tmpDir.name);
+      const embeddingA = new EmbeddingA();
+      const schemaA = LanceSchema({
+        text: embeddingA.sourceField(new arrow.Utf8()),
+        vector: embeddingA.vectorField(),
+      });
+      await writer.createTable("race", [{ text: "revision a" }], {
+        schema: schemaA,
+      });
+      const reader = await connect(tmpDir.name, {
+        readConsistencyInterval: 0,
+      });
+      const tracked = await reader.openTable("race");
+      const query = tracked.search("query");
+
+      const first = query.toArray();
+      await aStarted;
+
+      const embeddingB = new EmbeddingB();
+      const schemaB = LanceSchema({
+        text: embeddingB.sourceField(new arrow.Utf8()),
+        vector: embeddingB.vectorField(),
+      });
+      await writer.createTable("race", [{ text: "revision b" }], {
+        mode: "overwrite",
+        schema: schemaB,
+      });
+      const second = query.toArray();
+      await bStarted;
+
+      releaseA();
+      releaseB();
+      await Promise.all([first, second]);
+      expect(aCalls).toBe(1);
+      expect(bCalls).toBe(1);
+    });
+
+    test("stale FTS routing keeps newer vector preparation", async () => {
+      let vectorCalls = 0;
+      let markVectorStarted!: () => void;
+      const vectorStarted = new Promise<void>((resolve) => {
+        markVectorStarted = resolve;
+      });
+      let releaseVector!: () => void;
+      const vectorReleased = new Promise<void>((resolve) => {
+        releaseVector = resolve;
+      });
+
+      @register("stale-fts-race")
+      class RaceEmbedding extends EmbeddingFunction<string> {
+        ndims() {
+          return 1;
+        }
+        embeddingDataType() {
+          return new arrow.Float32();
+        }
+        async computeQueryEmbeddings() {
+          vectorCalls += 1;
+          markVectorStarted();
+          await vectorReleased;
+          return [0.1];
+        }
+        async computeSourceEmbeddings(values: string[]) {
+          return values.map(() => [0.1]);
+        }
+      }
+
+      const writer = await connect(tmpDir.name);
+      const ftsTable = await writer.createTable("stale_fts", [
+        { text: "hello", vector: [0.0] },
+      ]);
+      await ftsTable.createIndex("text", { config: Index.fts() });
+
+      const reader = await connect(tmpDir.name, {
+        readConsistencyInterval: 0,
+      });
+      const tracked = await reader.openTable("stale_fts");
+      type Snapshot = {
+        schema: () => Promise<Buffer>;
+      };
+      type NativeWithSnapshot = {
+        querySnapshot: () => Promise<Snapshot>;
+      };
+      const native = (tracked as unknown as { inner: NativeWithSnapshot })
+        .inner;
+      const querySnapshot = native.querySnapshot.bind(native);
+      let snapshotCalls = 0;
+      let markStaleSchemaStarted!: () => void;
+      const staleSchemaStarted = new Promise<void>((resolve) => {
+        markStaleSchemaStarted = resolve;
+      });
+      let releaseStaleSchema!: () => void;
+      const staleSchemaReleased = new Promise<void>((resolve) => {
+        releaseStaleSchema = resolve;
+      });
+      native.querySnapshot = async () => {
+        const snapshot = await querySnapshot();
+        snapshotCalls += 1;
+        if (snapshotCalls === 1) {
+          const schema = snapshot.schema.bind(snapshot);
+          snapshot.schema = async () => {
+            markStaleSchemaStarted();
+            await staleSchemaReleased;
+            return await schema();
+          };
+        }
+        return snapshot;
+      };
+
+      const query = tracked.search("hello");
+      const staleFtsExecution = query.toArray();
+      await staleSchemaStarted;
+
+      const embedding = new RaceEmbedding();
+      const vectorSchema = LanceSchema({
+        text: embedding.sourceField(new arrow.Utf8()),
+        vector: embedding.vectorField(),
+      });
+      await writer.createTable("stale_fts", [{ text: "hello" }], {
+        mode: "overwrite",
+        schema: vectorSchema,
+      });
+
+      const vectorExecution = query.toArray();
+      await vectorStarted;
+      releaseStaleSchema();
+      await staleFtsExecution;
+      releaseVector();
+      await vectorExecution;
+
+      await query.toArray();
+      expect(vectorCalls).toBe(1);
+    });
+
     test("tokenizes FTS queries by column or index name", async () => {
       const db = await connect(tmpDir.name);
       const data = [
@@ -2916,6 +3507,30 @@ describe("column name options", () => {
     expect(results[1].query_index).toBe(1);
   });
 
+  test("observes promised additional vectors while the query is pending", async () => {
+    const initialVector = new Promise<number[]>(() => undefined);
+    const query = table.query().nearestTo(initialVector);
+    const unhandled: unknown[] = [];
+    const onUnhandled = (reason: unknown) => unhandled.push(reason);
+    process.on("unhandledRejection", onUnhandled);
+
+    try {
+      query.addQueryVector(Promise.reject(new Error("extra vector failed")));
+      await new Promise<void>((resolve) => setImmediate(resolve));
+      expect(unhandled).toEqual([]);
+
+      const rejectedQuery = table
+        .query()
+        .nearestTo([0.1, 0.2])
+        .addQueryVector(Promise.reject(new Error("consumed vector failed")));
+      await expect(rejectedQuery.toArray()).rejects.toThrow(
+        "consumed vector failed",
+      );
+    } finally {
+      process.off("unhandledRejection", onUnhandled);
+    }
+  });
+
   test("index and search multivectors", async () => {
     const db = await connect(tmpDir.name);
     const data = [];
@@ -2979,6 +3594,27 @@ describe("when creating an empty table", () => {
     expect((actualSchema.fields[1].type as Float64).precision).toBe(2);
   });
 
+  it("can add and query JSON data", async () => {
+    const schema = new Schema([
+      new Field("id", new Int32(), true),
+      new Field(
+        "meta",
+        new Utf8(),
+        true,
+        new Map([["ARROW:extension:name", "arrow.json"]]),
+      ),
+    ]);
+    const table = await con.createEmptyTable("json", schema);
+    const meta = JSON.stringify({ x: 1 });
+
+    await table.add([{ id: 1, meta }]);
+
+    const rows = await table.query().toArray();
+    expect(rows).toHaveLength(1);
+    expect(rows[0].id).toBe(1);
+    expect(rows[0].meta).toBe(meta);
+  });
+
   it("can create an empty table from schema that specifies field types by name", async () => {
     const schemaLike = {
       fields: [

nodejs/examples/basic.test.ts

@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ test("basic table examples", async () => {
     // --8<-- [end:create_index]
 
     // --8<-- [start:delete_rows]
-    await tbl.delete('item = "fizz"');
+    await tbl.delete("item = 'fizz'");
     // --8<-- [end:delete_rows]
 
     // --8<-- [start:drop_table]

nodejs/examples/package.json

@@ -8,7 +8,8 @@
     "//1": "--experimental-vm-modules is needed to run jest with sentence-transformers",
     "//2": "--testEnvironment is needed to run jest with sentence-transformers",
     "//3": "See: https://github.com/huggingface/transformers.js/issues/57",
-    "test": "node --experimental-vm-modules node_modules/.bin/jest --testEnvironment jest-environment-node-single-context --verbose",
+    "//4": "jest is invoked by its JS entry, not node_modules/.bin/jest: under pnpm that path is a shell shim, which `node` cannot execute",
+    "test": "node --experimental-vm-modules node_modules/jest/bin/jest.js --testEnvironment jest-environment-node-single-context --verbose",
     "lint": "biome check *.ts && biome format *.ts",
     "lint-ci": "biome ci .",
     "lint-fix": "biome check --write *.ts && pnpm format",

nodejs/lancedb/arrow.ts

@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ import {
   Data as ArrowData,
   Table as ArrowTable,
   Binary,
-  Bool,
   BufferType,
   DataType,
   DateUnit,
@@ -18,12 +17,7 @@ import {
   FixedSizeList,
   Float,
   Float32,
-  Float64,
   Int,
-  Int8,
-  Int16,
-  Int32,
-  Int64,
   LargeBinary,
   List,
   Null,
@@ -36,17 +30,16 @@ import {
   Struct,
   Timestamp,
   Type,
-  Uint8,
-  Uint16,
-  Uint32,
   Utf8,
   Vector,
   makeVector as arrowMakeVector,
+  util as arrowUtil,
   vectorFromArray as badVectorFromArray,
   makeBuilder,
   makeData,
 } from "apache-arrow";
 import { Buffers } from "apache-arrow/data";
+import { typedArrayToArrowType } from "./arrow_type";
 import { type EmbeddingFunction } from "./embedding/embedding_function";
 import {
   EmbeddingFunctionConfig,
@@ -59,14 +52,7 @@ import {
   sanitizeTable,
   sanitizeType,
 } from "./sanitize";
-
+import { inferSchema } from "./schema";
-/**
- * Check if a field name indicates a vector column.
- */
-function nameSuggestsVectorColumn(fieldName: string): boolean {
-  const nameLower = fieldName.toLowerCase();
-  return nameLower.includes("vector") || nameLower.includes("embedding");
-}
 
 export * from "apache-arrow";
 export type SchemaLike =
@@ -86,8 +72,7 @@ export type FieldLike =
     };
 
 export type DataLike =
-  // biome-ignore lint/suspicious/noExplicitAny: <explanation>
+  | import("apache-arrow").Data
-  | import("apache-arrow").Data<Struct<any>>
   | {
       // biome-ignore lint/suspicious/noExplicitAny: <explanation>
       type: any;
@@ -96,6 +81,7 @@ export type DataLike =
       stride: number;
       nullable: boolean;
       children: DataLike[];
+      dictionary?: { data: readonly DataLike[] };
       get nullCount(): number;
       // biome-ignore lint/suspicious/noExplicitAny: <explanation>
       values: Buffers<any>[BufferType.DATA];
@@ -459,110 +445,6 @@ export function makeArrowTable(
   return new ArrowTable(inferredSchema, finalColumns);
 }
 
-function inferSchema(
-  data: Array<Record<string, unknown>>,
-  schema: Schema | undefined,
-  opts: MakeArrowTableOptions,
-): Schema {
-  // We will collect all fields we see in the data.
-  const pathTree = new PathTree<DataType>();
-
-  for (const [rowI, row] of data.entries()) {
-    for (const [path, value] of rowPathsAndValues(row)) {
-      if (!pathTree.has(path)) {
-        // First time seeing this field.
-        if (schema !== undefined) {
-          const field = getFieldForPath(schema, path);
-          if (field === undefined) {
-            throw new Error(
-              `Found field not in schema: ${path.join(".")} at row ${rowI}`,
-            );
-          } else {
-            pathTree.set(path, field.type);
-          }
-        } else {
-          const inferredType = inferType(value, path, opts);
-          if (inferredType === undefined) {
-            throw new Error(`Failed to infer data type for field ${path.join(
-              ".",
-            )} at row ${rowI}. \
-                             Consider providing an explicit schema.`);
-          }
-          pathTree.set(path, inferredType);
-        }
-      } else if (schema === undefined) {
-        const currentType = pathTree.get(path);
-        const newType = inferType(value, path, opts);
-        if (currentType !== newType) {
-          new Error(`Failed to infer schema for data. Previously inferred type \
-                     ${currentType} but found ${newType} at row ${rowI}. Consider \
-                     providing an explicit schema.`);
-        }
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  if (schema === undefined) {
-    function fieldsFromPathTree(pathTree: PathTree<DataType>): Field[] {
-      const fields = [];
-      for (const [name, value] of pathTree.map.entries()) {
-        if (value instanceof PathTree) {
-          const children = fieldsFromPathTree(value);
-          fields.push(new Field(name, new Struct(children), true));
-        } else {
-          fields.push(new Field(name, value, true));
-        }
-      }
-      return fields;
-    }
-    const fields = fieldsFromPathTree(pathTree);
-    return new Schema(fields);
-  } else {
-    function takeMatchingFields(
-      fields: Field[],
-      pathTree: PathTree<DataType>,
-    ): Field[] {
-      const outFields = [];
-      for (const field of fields) {
-        if (pathTree.map.has(field.name)) {
-          const value = pathTree.get([field.name]);
-          if (value instanceof PathTree) {
-            const struct = field.type as Struct;
-            const children = takeMatchingFields(struct.children, value);
-            outFields.push(
-              new Field(field.name, new Struct(children), field.nullable),
-            );
-          } else {
-            outFields.push(
-              new Field(field.name, value as DataType, field.nullable),
-            );
-          }
-        }
-      }
-      return outFields;
-    }
-    const fields = takeMatchingFields(schema.fields, pathTree);
-    return new Schema(fields);
-  }
-}
-
-function* rowPathsAndValues(
-  row: Record<string, unknown>,
-  basePath: string[] = [],
-): Generator<[string[], unknown]> {
-  for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(row)) {
-    if (isObject(value)) {
-      yield* rowPathsAndValues(value, [...basePath, key]);
-    } else {
-      // Skip undefined values - they should be treated the same as missing fields
-      // for embedding function purposes
-      if (value !== undefined) {
-        yield [[...basePath, key], value];
-      }
-    }
-  }
-}
-
 function isObject(value: unknown): value is Record<string, unknown> {
   return (
     typeof value === "object" &&
@@ -577,146 +459,19 @@ function isObject(value: unknown): value is Record<string, unknown> {
   );
 }
 
-function getFieldForPath(schema: Schema, path: string[]): Field | undefined {
+function valueAtPath(datum: Record<string, unknown>, path: string[]): unknown {
-  let current: Field | Schema = schema;
+  let current: unknown = datum;
   for (const key of path) {
-    if (current instanceof Schema) {
+    if (current == null) {
-      const field: Field | undefined = current.fields.find(
+      return null;
-        (f) => f.name === key,
+    }
-      );
+    if (isObject(current) && (Object.hasOwn(current, key) || key in current)) {
-      if (field === undefined) {
+      current = current[key];
-        return undefined;
-      }
-      current = field;
-    } else if (current instanceof Field && DataType.isStruct(current.type)) {
-      const struct: Struct = current.type;
-      const field = struct.children.find((f) => f.name === key);
-      if (field === undefined) {
-        return undefined;
-      }
-      current = field;
     } else {
       return undefined;
     }
   }
-  if (current instanceof Field) {
+  return current;
-    return current;
-  } else {
-    return undefined;
-  }
-}
-
-/**
- * Try to infer which Arrow type to use for a given value.
- *
- * May return undefined if the type cannot be inferred.
- */
-function inferType(
-  value: unknown,
-  path: string[],
-  opts: MakeArrowTableOptions,
-): DataType | undefined {
-  if (typeof value === "bigint") {
-    return new Int64();
-  } else if (typeof value === "number") {
-    // Even if it's an integer, it's safer to assume Float64. Users can
-    // always provide an explicit schema or use BigInt if they mean integer.
-    return new Float64();
-  } else if (typeof value === "string") {
-    if (opts.dictionaryEncodeStrings) {
-      return new Dictionary(new Utf8(), new Int32());
-    } else {
-      return new Utf8();
-    }
-  } else if (typeof value === "boolean") {
-    return new Bool();
-  } else if (value instanceof Buffer) {
-    return new Binary();
-  } else if (ArrayBuffer.isView(value) && !(value instanceof DataView)) {
-    const info = typedArrayToArrowType(value);
-    if (info !== undefined) {
-      const child = new Field("item", info.elementType, true);
-      return new FixedSizeList(info.length, child);
-    }
-    return undefined;
-  } else if (Array.isArray(value)) {
-    if (value.length === 0) {
-      return undefined; // Without any values we can't infer the type
-    }
-    if (path.length === 1 && Object.hasOwn(opts.vectorColumns, path[0])) {
-      const floatType = sanitizeType(opts.vectorColumns[path[0]].type);
-      return new FixedSizeList(
-        value.length,
-        new Field("item", floatType, true),
-      );
-    }
-    const valueType = inferType(value[0], path, opts);
-    if (valueType === undefined) {
-      return undefined;
-    }
-    // Try to automatically detect embedding columns.
-    if (nameSuggestsVectorColumn(path[path.length - 1])) {
-      // Check if value is a Uint8Array for integer vector type determination
-      if (value instanceof Uint8Array) {
-        // For integer vectors, we default to Uint8 (matching Python implementation)
-        const child = new Field("item", new Uint8(), true);
-        return new FixedSizeList(value.length, child);
-      } else {
-        // For float vectors, we default to Float32
-        const child = new Field("item", new Float32(), true);
-        return new FixedSizeList(value.length, child);
-      }
-    } else {
-      const child = new Field("item", valueType, true);
-      return new List(child);
-    }
-  } else {
-    // TODO: timestamp
-    return undefined;
-  }
-}
-
-class PathTree<V> {
-  map: Map<string, V | PathTree<V>>;
-
-  constructor(entries?: [string[], V][]) {
-    this.map = new Map();
-    if (entries !== undefined) {
-      for (const [path, value] of entries) {
-        this.set(path, value);
-      }
-    }
-  }
-  has(path: string[]): boolean {
-    let ref: PathTree<V> = this;
-    for (const part of path) {
-      if (!(ref instanceof PathTree) || !ref.map.has(part)) {
-        return false;
-      }
-      ref = ref.map.get(part) as PathTree<V>;
-    }
-    return true;
-  }
-  get(path: string[]): V | undefined {
-    let ref: PathTree<V> = this;
-    for (const part of path) {
-      if (!(ref instanceof PathTree) || !ref.map.has(part)) {
-        return undefined;
-      }
-      ref = ref.map.get(part) as PathTree<V>;
-    }
-    return ref as V;
-  }
-  set(path: string[], value: V): void {
-    let ref: PathTree<V> = this;
-    for (const part of path.slice(0, path.length - 1)) {
-      if (!ref.map.has(part)) {
-        ref.map.set(part, new PathTree<V>());
-      }
-      ref = ref.map.get(part) as PathTree<V>;
-    }
-    ref.map.set(path[path.length - 1], value);
-  }
 }
 
 function transposeData(
@@ -724,37 +479,26 @@ function transposeData(
   field: Field,
   path: string[] = [],
 ): Vector {
+  const valuesPath = [...path, field.name];
+  const values = data.map((datum) => valueAtPath(datum, valuesPath));
   if (field.type instanceof Struct) {
     const childFields = field.type.children;
-    const fullPath = [...path, field.name];
     const childVectors = childFields.map((child) => {
-      return transposeData(data, child, fullPath);
+      return transposeData(data, child, valuesPath);
     });
+    const nullCount = values.filter((value) => value === null).length;
     const structData = makeData({
       type: field.type,
+      length: values.length,
+      nullCount,
+      nullBitmap:
+        nullCount > 0
+          ? arrowUtil.packBools(values.map((value) => value !== null))
+          : undefined,
       children: childVectors as unknown as ArrowData<DataType>[],
     });
     return arrowMakeVector(structData);
   } else {
-    const valuesPath = [...path, field.name];
-    const values = data.map((datum) => {
-      let current: unknown = datum;
-      for (const key of valuesPath) {
-        if (current == null) {
-          return null;
-        }
-
-        if (
-          isObject(current) &&
-          (Object.hasOwn(current, key) || key in current)
-        ) {
-          current = current[key];
-        } else {
-          return null;
-        }
-      }
-      return current;
-    });
     return makeVector(values, field.type, undefined, field.nullable);
   }
 }
@@ -797,32 +541,6 @@ function makeListVector(lists: unknown[][]): Vector<unknown> {
   return listBuilder.finish().toVector();
 }
 
-/**
- * Map a JS TypedArray instance to the corresponding Arrow element DataType
- * and its length. Returns undefined if the value is not a recognized TypedArray.
- */
-function typedArrayToArrowType(
-  value: ArrayBufferView,
-): { elementType: DataType; length: number } | undefined {
-  if (value instanceof Float32Array)
-    return { elementType: new Float32(), length: value.length };
-  if (value instanceof Float64Array)
-    return { elementType: new Float64(), length: value.length };
-  if (value instanceof Uint8Array)
-    return { elementType: new Uint8(), length: value.length };
-  if (value instanceof Uint16Array)
-    return { elementType: new Uint16(), length: value.length };
-  if (value instanceof Uint32Array)
-    return { elementType: new Uint32(), length: value.length };
-  if (value instanceof Int8Array)
-    return { elementType: new Int8(), length: value.length };
-  if (value instanceof Int16Array)
-    return { elementType: new Int16(), length: value.length };
-  if (value instanceof Int32Array)
-    return { elementType: new Int32(), length: value.length };
-  return undefined;
-}
-
 /** Helper function to convert an Array of JS values to an Arrow Vector */
 function makeVector(
   values: unknown[],
@@ -1462,8 +1180,12 @@ export function ensureNestedFieldsExist(
           completeRow[field.name] = row[field.name];
         }
       } else {
-        // Field is missing from the data - set to null
+        // Keep a missing struct valid while filling each of its children with
-        completeRow[field.name] = null;
+        // null. This is distinct from an explicitly null struct value.
+        completeRow[field.name] =
+          field.type.constructor.name === "Struct"
+            ? ensureStructFieldsExist({}, field.type as Struct)
+            : null;
       }
     }
 
@@ -1498,8 +1220,12 @@ function ensureStructFieldsExist(
         completeStruct[childField.name] = data[childField.name];
       }
     } else {
-      // Field is missing - set to null
+      // Keep a missing struct valid while filling each of its children with
-      completeStruct[childField.name] = null;
+      // null. This is distinct from an explicitly null struct value.
+      completeStruct[childField.name] =
+        childField.type.constructor.name === "Struct"
+          ? ensureStructFieldsExist({}, childField.type as Struct)
+          : null;
     }
   }
 

nodejs/lancedb/arrow_type.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright The LanceDB Authors
+
+import {
+  type DataType,
+  Float32,
+  Float64,
+  Int8,
+  Int16,
+  Int32,
+  Uint8,
+  Uint16,
+  Uint32,
+} from "apache-arrow";
+
+/**
+ * Map a JS TypedArray instance to the corresponding Arrow element type and
+ * length. Returns undefined when the view is not a supported TypedArray.
+ */
+export function typedArrayToArrowType(
+  value: ArrayBufferView,
+): { elementType: DataType; length: number } | undefined {
+  if (value instanceof Float32Array)
+    return { elementType: new Float32(), length: value.length };
+  if (value instanceof Float64Array)
+    return { elementType: new Float64(), length: value.length };
+  if (value instanceof Uint8Array)
+    return { elementType: new Uint8(), length: value.length };
+  if (value instanceof Uint16Array)
+    return { elementType: new Uint16(), length: value.length };
+  if (value instanceof Uint32Array)
+    return { elementType: new Uint32(), length: value.length };
+  if (value instanceof Int8Array)
+    return { elementType: new Int8(), length: value.length };
+  if (value instanceof Int16Array)
+    return { elementType: new Int16(), length: value.length };
+  if (value instanceof Int32Array)
+    return { elementType: new Int32(), length: value.length };
+  return undefined;
+}

nodejs/lancedb/connection.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright The LanceDB Authors
 
-import { tableFromIPC } from "apache-arrow";
 import {
   Data,
   SchemaLike,
@@ -16,6 +15,7 @@ import {
   makeEmptyTable,
 } from "./arrow";
 import { EmbeddingFunctionConfig, getRegistry } from "./embedding/registry";
+import { Job } from "./job";
 import {
   MaterializedView,
   MaterializedViewSelect,
@@ -27,16 +27,16 @@ import type {
   CreateNamespaceResponse,
   DescribeNamespaceResponse,
   DropNamespaceResponse,
-  Job,
-  JobDescription,
   JobInfo,
   ListNamespacesResponse,
+  ListTablesResponse,
 } from "./native";
 export type {
   CreateNamespaceResponse,
   DescribeNamespaceResponse,
   DropNamespaceResponse,
   ListNamespacesResponse,
+  ListTablesResponse,
 };
 import { sanitizeTable } from "./sanitize";
 import { LocalTable, Table } from "./table";
@@ -134,6 +134,10 @@ export interface OpenTableOptions {
   indexCacheSize?: number;
 }
 
+/**
+ * @deprecated Use {@link ListTablesOptions} with {@link Connection.listTables}
+ * instead.
+ */
 export interface TableNamesOptions {
   /**
    * If present, only return names that come lexicographically after the
@@ -147,6 +151,24 @@ export interface TableNamesOptions {
   limit?: number;
 }
 
+export interface ListTablesOptions {
+  /**
+   * Token from a previous response, to resume listing where it left off.
+   *
+   * The token is opaque: it carries whatever the database needs to resume, and
+   * callers should not construct or interpret one.
+   */
+  pageToken?: string;
+  /**
+   * An upper bound on how many tables to return.
+   *
+   * A page may hold fewer than this and still not be the last one, so keep
+   * going while the response carries a page token rather than while pages are
+   * full.
+   */
+  limit?: number;
+}
+
 export interface ListNamespacesOptions {
   /** Token from a previous response for pagination. */
   pageToken?: string;
@@ -231,6 +253,7 @@ export abstract class Connection {
    * @param {Partial<TableNamesOptions>} options - options to control the
    * paging / start point (backwards compatibility)
    *
+   * @deprecated Use {@link Connection.listTables} instead.
    */
   abstract tableNames(options?: Partial<TableNamesOptions>): Promise<string[]>;
   /**
@@ -241,12 +264,53 @@ export abstract class Connection {
    * @param {Partial<TableNamesOptions>} options - options to control the
    * paging / start point
    *
+   * @deprecated Use {@link Connection.listTables} instead.
    */
   abstract tableNames(
     namespacePath?: string[],
     options?: Partial<TableNamesOptions>,
   ): Promise<string[]>;
 
+  /**
+   * List a page of the tables in this database.
+   *
+   * To retrieve the tables after the page, pass the `pageToken` the response
+   * carries back in. A page can be shorter than `limit` without being the last
+   * one, so walk until a response carries no page token:
+   *
+   * ```ts
+   * const names = [];
+   * let pageToken = undefined;
+   * do {
+   *   const page = await conn.listTables({ pageToken, limit: 100 });
+   *   names.push(...page.tables);
+   *   pageToken = page.pageToken;
+   * } while (pageToken);
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @param {Partial<ListTablesOptions>} options - Pagination options
+   *   (`pageToken`, `limit`).
+   * @returns {Promise<ListTablesResponse>} A page of table names and an
+   *   optional token for the tables after it.
+   */
+  abstract listTables(
+    options?: Partial<ListTablesOptions>,
+  ): Promise<ListTablesResponse>;
+  /**
+   * List a page of the tables in this database.
+   *
+   * @param {string[]} namespacePath - The namespace path to list tables from
+   *   (defaults to root namespace)
+   * @param {Partial<ListTablesOptions>} options - Pagination options
+   *   (`pageToken`, `limit`).
+   * @returns {Promise<ListTablesResponse>} A page of table names and an
+   *   optional token for the tables after it.
+   */
+  abstract listTables(
+    namespacePath?: string[],
+    options?: Partial<ListTablesOptions>,
+  ): Promise<ListTablesResponse>;
+
   /**
    * Open a table in the database.
    * @param {string} name - The name of the table
@@ -491,24 +555,19 @@ export abstract class Connection {
   ): Promise<void>;
 
   /**
-   * A {@link Job} handle for a server-side job by id.
+   * Open a server-side job by id, returning a handle with its record already
+   * populated. Rejects when the server has no such job, the way
+   * {@link Connection.openTable} does for a missing table.
    *
-   * The handle is constructed without a server round trip; an unknown id
+   * The returned {@link Job} answers for its own state, specification,
-   * surfaces when the handle is used. Dropping the handle has no effect on
+   * result, failure and event history, so there is no separate
-   * the job itself.
+   * connection-level call for any of them.
    */
-  abstract job(jobId: string): Job;
+  abstract openJob(jobId: string): Promise<Job>;
 
   /** List server-side jobs across the database's tables. */
   abstract listJobs(): Promise<JobInfo[]>;
 
-  /**
-   * Describe a single server-side job by id.
-   *
-   * Resolves to `null` when the server has no such job.
-   */
-  abstract getJob(jobId: string): Promise<JobDescription | null>;
-
   /**
    * Request cancellation of a server-side job by id.
    *
@@ -516,13 +575,6 @@ export abstract class Connection {
    * such job exists. Cancelling an already-terminal job is a no-op success.
    */
   abstract cancelJob(jobId: string): Promise<boolean>;
-
-  /**
-   * The lifecycle event history of a server-side job, as an Arrow table.
-   *
-   * Lists history across all jobs when `jobId` is omitted.
-   */
-  abstract jobHistory(jobId?: string): Promise<ArrowTable>;
 }
 
 /** @hideconstructor */
@@ -601,6 +653,25 @@ export class LocalConnection extends Connection {
     return await this.inner.listMaterializedViews();
   }
 
+  async listTables(
+    namespacePathOrOptions?: string[] | Partial<ListTablesOptions>,
+    options?: Partial<ListTablesOptions>,
+  ): Promise<ListTablesResponse> {
+    // Detect if first argument is namespacePath array or options object
+    const namespacePath = Array.isArray(namespacePathOrOptions)
+      ? namespacePathOrOptions
+      : undefined;
+    const listTablesOptions = Array.isArray(namespacePathOrOptions)
+      ? options
+      : namespacePathOrOptions;
+
+    return this.inner.listTables(
+      namespacePath ?? [],
+      listTablesOptions?.pageToken,
+      listTablesOptions?.limit,
+    );
+  }
+
   async openTable(
     name: string,
     namespacePath?: string[],
@@ -784,7 +855,7 @@ export class LocalConnection extends Connection {
   }
 
   async dropTableAsync(name: string, namespacePath?: string[]): Promise<Job> {
-    return this.inner.dropTableAsync(name, namespacePath ?? []);
+    return new Job(await this.inner.dropTableAsync(name, namespacePath ?? []));
   }
 
   async dropAllTables(namespacePath?: string[]): Promise<void> {
@@ -843,29 +914,17 @@ export class LocalConnection extends Connection {
     );
   }
 
-  job(jobId: string): Job {
+  async openJob(jobId: string): Promise<Job> {
-    return this.inner.job(jobId);
+    return new Job(await this.inner.openJob(jobId));
   }
 
   async listJobs(): Promise<JobInfo[]> {
     return this.inner.listJobs();
   }
 
-  async getJob(jobId: string): Promise<JobDescription | null> {
-    return this.inner.getJob(jobId);
-  }
-
   async cancelJob(jobId: string): Promise<boolean> {
     return this.inner.cancelJob(jobId);
   }
-
-  async jobHistory(jobId?: string): Promise<ArrowTable> {
-    const buf = await this.inner.jobHistory(jobId);
-    if (buf.length === 0) {
-      return new ArrowTable();
-    }
-    return tableFromIPC(buf);
-  }
 }
 
 /**

nodejs/lancedb/embedding/index.ts

@@ -4,7 +4,15 @@
 import { Field, Schema } from "../arrow";
 import { sanitizeType } from "../sanitize";
 import { EmbeddingFunction } from "./embedding_function";
-import { EmbeddingFunctionConfig, getRegistry } from "./registry";
+import {
+  EmbeddingFunctionConfig,
+  EmbeddingFunctionRegistry,
+  getRegistry as getGlobalRegistry,
+  registerBuiltIn,
+} from "./registry";
+
+type OpenAIModule = typeof import("./openai");
+type TransformersModule = typeof import("./transformers");
 
 export {
   FieldOptions,
@@ -14,7 +22,39 @@ export {
   EmbeddingFunctionConstructor,
 } from "./embedding_function";
 
-export * from "./registry";
+export {
+  EmbeddingFunctionRegistry,
+  parseEmbeddingMetadata,
+  register,
+} from "./registry";
+export type {
+  CreateReturnType,
+  EmbeddingFunctionConfig,
+  EmbeddingFunctionCreate,
+  EmbeddingMetadataEntry,
+  ResolvedEmbeddingFunctionConfig,
+} from "./registry";
+
+function initializeBuiltInProviders() {
+  const { OpenAIEmbeddingFunction } = require("./openai") as OpenAIModule;
+  const { TransformersEmbeddingFunction } =
+    require("./transformers") as TransformersModule;
+
+  registerBuiltIn("openai", OpenAIEmbeddingFunction);
+  registerBuiltIn("huggingface", TransformersEmbeddingFunction);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get the global embedding function registry.
+ *
+ * LanceDB built-in providers are initialized when this public API is first
+ * used, so importing the root package does not change automatic search
+ * selection for tables without embedding metadata.
+ */
+export function getRegistry(): EmbeddingFunctionRegistry {
+  initializeBuiltInProviders();
+  return getGlobalRegistry();
+}
 
 /**
  * Create a schema with embedding functions.

nodejs/lancedb/embedding/openai.ts

@@ -5,14 +5,13 @@ import type OpenAI from "openai";
 import type { EmbeddingCreateParams } from "openai/resources/index";
 import { Float, Float32 } from "../arrow";
 import { EmbeddingFunction } from "./embedding_function";
-import { register } from "./registry";
+import { registerBuiltIn } from "./registry";
 
 export type OpenAIOptions = {
   apiKey: string;
   model: EmbeddingCreateParams["model"];
 };
 
-@register("openai")
 export class OpenAIEmbeddingFunction extends EmbeddingFunction<
   string,
   Partial<OpenAIOptions>
@@ -100,3 +99,5 @@ export class OpenAIEmbeddingFunction extends EmbeddingFunction<
     return response.data[0].embedding;
   }
 }
+
+registerBuiltIn("openai", OpenAIEmbeddingFunction);

nodejs/lancedb/embedding/registry.ts

@@ -7,6 +7,10 @@ import {
 } from "./embedding_function";
 import "reflect-metadata";
 
+const builtInFunctionsKey = Symbol.for(
+  "@lancedb/lancedb::embedding-built-in-functions::v1",
+);
+
 export type CreateReturnType<T> = T extends { init: () => Promise<void> }
   ? Promise<T>
   : T;
@@ -59,6 +63,15 @@ export class EmbeddingFunctionRegistry {
     };
   }
 
+  /** @ignore */
+  setBuiltIn<
+    T extends EmbeddingFunctionConstructor = EmbeddingFunctionConstructor,
+  >(name: string, ctor: T): T {
+    this.#functions.set(name, ctor);
+    Reflect.defineMetadata("lancedb::embedding::name", name, ctor);
+    return ctor;
+  }
+
   get<T extends EmbeddingFunction<unknown>>(
     name: string,
   ): EmbeddingFunctionCreate<T> | undefined;
@@ -96,6 +109,7 @@ export class EmbeddingFunctionRegistry {
    */
   reset(this: EmbeddingFunctionRegistry) {
     this.#functions.clear();
+    getBuiltInFunctions(this).clear();
   }
 
   /**
@@ -183,12 +197,56 @@ export class EmbeddingFunctionRegistry {
   }
 }
 
-const _REGISTRY = new EmbeddingFunctionRegistry();
+function getBuiltInFunctions(registry: EmbeddingFunctionRegistry): Set<string> {
+  const registryWithBuiltIns = registry as EmbeddingFunctionRegistry & {
+    [key: symbol]: Set<string> | undefined;
+  };
+  let builtInFunctions = registryWithBuiltIns[builtInFunctionsKey];
+  if (builtInFunctions === undefined) {
+    builtInFunctions = new Set<string>();
+    registryWithBuiltIns[builtInFunctionsKey] = builtInFunctions;
+  }
+  return builtInFunctions;
+}
+
+// Server bundlers can load the side-effect embedding entry points and the public
+// embedding API from separate module graphs. Keep their registry shared.
+const registryKey = Symbol.for(
+  "@lancedb/lancedb::embedding-function-registry::v1",
+);
+const registryGlobal = globalThis as typeof globalThis & {
+  [key: symbol]: EmbeddingFunctionRegistry | undefined;
+};
+
+function getGlobalRegistry(): EmbeddingFunctionRegistry {
+  const existingRegistry = registryGlobal[registryKey];
+  if (existingRegistry !== undefined) {
+    return existingRegistry;
+  }
+  const registry = new EmbeddingFunctionRegistry();
+  registryGlobal[registryKey] = registry;
+  return registry;
+}
+
+const _REGISTRY = getGlobalRegistry();
 
 export function register(name?: string) {
   return _REGISTRY.register(name);
 }
 
+/** @ignore */
+export function registerBuiltIn<
+  T extends EmbeddingFunctionConstructor = EmbeddingFunctionConstructor,
+>(name: string, ctor: T): T {
+  const builtInFunctions = getBuiltInFunctions(_REGISTRY);
+  if (builtInFunctions.has(name)) {
+    return _REGISTRY.setBuiltIn(name, ctor);
+  }
+  _REGISTRY.register(name)(ctor);
+  builtInFunctions.add(name);
+  return ctor;
+}
+
 /**
  * Utility function to get the global instance of the registry
  * @returns `EmbeddingFunctionRegistry` The global instance of the registry

nodejs/lancedb/embedding/transformers.ts

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 
 import { Float, Float32 } from "../arrow";
 import { EmbeddingFunction } from "./embedding_function";
-import { register } from "./registry";
+import { registerBuiltIn } from "./registry";
 
 export type XenovaTransformerOptions = {
   /** The wasm compatible model to use */
@@ -31,7 +31,6 @@ export type XenovaTransformerOptions = {
   };
 };
 
-@register("huggingface")
 export class TransformersEmbeddingFunction extends EmbeddingFunction<
   string,
   Partial<XenovaTransformerOptions>
@@ -158,6 +157,8 @@ export class TransformersEmbeddingFunction extends EmbeddingFunction<
   }
 }
 
+registerBuiltIn("huggingface", TransformersEmbeddingFunction);
+
 const tensorDiv = (
   src: import("@huggingface/transformers").Tensor,
   divBy: number,

nodejs/lancedb/index.ts

@@ -81,26 +81,25 @@ export {
   Connection,
   CreateTableOptions,
   TableNamesOptions,
+  ListTablesOptions,
   OpenTableOptions,
   ListNamespacesOptions,
   CreateNamespaceOptions,
   DropNamespaceOptions,
   ListNamespacesResponse,
+  ListTablesResponse,
   CreateNamespaceResponse,
   DropNamespaceResponse,
   DescribeNamespaceResponse,
   RenameTableOptions,
 } from "./connection";
 
-export {
+export { JobFailureInfo, JobInfo, Session } from "./native.js";
-  Job,
+
-  JobDescription,
+export { Job, JobEventsOptions } from "./job";
-  JobFailureInfo,
-  JobInfo,
-  Session,
-} from "./native.js";
 
 export {
+  AutoQuery,
   ExecutableQuery,
   Query,
   QueryBase,

nodejs/lancedb/job.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright The LanceDB Authors
+
+import { Table as ArrowTable, tableFromIPC } from "apache-arrow";
+import { JobFailureInfo, Job as NativeJob } from "./native";
+
+/** Which of a job's events {@link Job.events} returns. */
+export interface JobEventsOptions {
+  /** Maximum event rows to return, up to the server maximum of 10,000. */
+  limit?: number;
+  /** SQL-like filter over the event columns. */
+  filter?: string;
+}
+
+/**
+ * A handle to an operation that may still be running.
+ *
+ * The operation may already be complete when the handle is created.
+ *
+ * The detail getters read what the handle last observed. Submitting an
+ * operation returns only a job id, so populating them eagerly would cost an
+ * extra round trip on every call:
+ *
+ * - {@link Job.refresh} and {@link Job.status} fetch the whole record.
+ * - {@link Job.wait} records the terminal state it establishes, but not the
+ *   rest of the record.
+ * - Everything is null until one of those runs.
+ *
+ * @hideconstructor
+ */
+export class Job {
+  private readonly inner: NativeJob;
+
+  constructor(inner: NativeJob) {
+    this.inner = inner;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Identifies the operation on the server that is running it.
+   *
+   * Operations that run in this process have no server id. The value is
+   * opaque: parsing it or storing it to resume the job later is not supported.
+   */
+  get id(): string | null {
+    return this.inner.id ?? null;
+  }
+
+  /** The last observed lifecycle state, without contacting the backend. */
+  get state(): string | null {
+    return this.inner.state ?? null;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * The job's type, as the server names it. Null for an in-process job, which
+   * has no server-side record.
+   */
+  get jobType(): string | null {
+    return this.inner.jobType ?? null;
+  }
+
+  /** When the job was created, in milliseconds since the epoch. */
+  get creationMs(): number | null {
+    return this.inner.creationMs ?? null;
+  }
+
+  /** The job-type-specific specification it was submitted with. */
+  // biome-ignore lint/suspicious/noExplicitAny: shape varies by job type
+  get spec(): any | null {
+    return parseJson(this.inner.specJson);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * The job-type-specific terminal result. Null until the job succeeds, so a
+   * job that never terminates reports its progress through {@link Job.events}
+   * instead.
+   */
+  // biome-ignore lint/suspicious/noExplicitAny: shape varies by job type
+  get result(): any | null {
+    return parseJson(this.inner.resultJson);
+  }
+
+  /** Why the job failed, when it failed and the server reports a reason. */
+  get failure(): JobFailureInfo | null {
+    return this.inner.failure ?? null;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * The operation's current lifecycle state: "running", "finished", "failed",
+   * or "cancelled".
+   *
+   * A point snapshot; unlike {@link Job.wait} it does not block or reject on a
+   * terminal failure state. Also refreshes the getters above.
+   */
+  async status(): Promise<string> {
+    return this.inner.status();
+  }
+
+  /** Wait until the operation reaches a terminal state. */
+  async wait(): Promise<void> {
+    return this.inner.wait();
+  }
+
+  /** Request cancellation. Cancelling a finished operation is a no-op. */
+  async cancel(): Promise<void> {
+    return this.inner.cancel();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Ask the backend for this job's current state, and for a server-side job
+   * its full record, then cache it for the getters above.
+   */
+  async refresh(): Promise<void> {
+    return this.inner.refresh();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * This job's recorded lifecycle events.
+   *
+   * Where the getters above report a terminal result only once the job reaches
+   * one, events are written as the job runs and outlive the workers that
+   * produced them. A distributed job records a `claim`/`claim_complete` pair
+   * per unit of work, each carrying `rows_processed`, so a job that never
+   * finishes still accounts for what it did.
+   *
+   * The server caps results at 1000 rows by default and 10,000 at most, and
+   * truncates without saying so, so pass `limit` for a job that emits an event
+   * per fragment. `filter` is a SQL-like expression over the `state`,
+   * `updated_by`, `emitted_from`, `emitted_by`, and `claim_entity` columns.
+   */
+  async events(options?: JobEventsOptions): Promise<ArrowTable> {
+    const buf = await this.inner.events(options?.limit, options?.filter);
+    if (buf.length === 0) {
+      return new ArrowTable();
+    }
+    return tableFromIPC(buf);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Every field the handle currently knows, one per line, with the JSON
+   * payloads indented -- a refresh job's spec and result are the point of
+   * printing it.
+   */
+  toString(): string {
+    if (this.state === null) {
+      const known = this.id === null ? "" : `id=${JSON.stringify(this.id)}, `;
+      return `Job(${known}not refreshed)`;
+    }
+    const fields: string[] = [];
+    if (this.id !== null) {
+      fields.push(`id=${JSON.stringify(this.id)}`);
+    }
+    fields.push(`state=${JSON.stringify(this.state)}`);
+    if (this.jobType !== null) {
+      fields.push(`jobType=${JSON.stringify(this.jobType)}`);
+    }
+    if (this.creationMs !== null) {
+      fields.push(`creationMs=${this.creationMs}`);
+    }
+    for (const [name, value] of [
+      ["spec", this.spec],
+      ["result", this.result],
+    ] as const) {
+      if (value !== null) {
+        fields.push(`${name}=${indentJson(value)}`);
+      }
+    }
+    if (this.failure !== null) {
+      fields.push(`failure=${indentJson(this.failure)}`);
+    }
+    return `Job(${fields.map((field) => `\n${REPR_INDENT}${field},`).join("")}\n)`;
+  }
+
+  [Symbol.for("nodejs.util.inspect.custom")](): string {
+    return this.toString();
+  }
+}
+
+const REPR_INDENT = "    ";
+
+// biome-ignore lint/suspicious/noExplicitAny: shape varies by job type
+function indentJson(value: any): string {
+  return JSON.stringify(value, null, 4).replace(/\n/g, `\n${REPR_INDENT}`);
+}
+
+// biome-ignore lint/suspicious/noExplicitAny: shape varies by job type
+function parseJson(raw: string | null | undefined): any | null {
+  return raw === null || raw === undefined ? null : JSON.parse(raw);
+}

nodejs/lancedb/materialized_view.ts

@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@ export interface MaterializedViewDefinition {
   limit?: number;
   /** Source columns the projections and filter read. */
   inputs: string[];
+  /** Namespace holding the source table; empty is the root namespace. */
+  sourceNamespace: string[];
 }
 
 /**
@@ -78,7 +80,8 @@ export function definitionFromMetadata(
   }
   // biome-ignore lint/suspicious/noExplicitAny: raw JSON
   const value: any = JSON.parse(raw);
-  if (value.kind !== "select") {
+  // "namespaced_select" keeps older readers from resolving the source at root.
+  if (value.kind !== "select" && value.kind !== "namespaced_select") {
     throw new Error(
       `materialized view '${name}' is defined by '${value.kind}', which this ` +
         "version of lancedb cannot refresh",
@@ -103,6 +106,7 @@ export function definitionFromMetadata(
     filter: value.filter ?? undefined,
     limit,
     inputs: value.inputs ?? [],
+    sourceNamespace: value.source_namespace ?? [],
   };
 }
 

nodejs/lancedb/query.ts

@@ -100,6 +100,29 @@ export interface FullTextSearchOptions {
   columns?: string | string[];
 }
 
+function nearestToNative(
+  inner: NativeQuery,
+  vector: Awaited<IntoVector>,
+): NativeVectorQuery {
+  const raw = Array.isArray(vector) ? null : extractVectorBuffer(vector);
+  if (raw) {
+    return inner.nearestToRaw(raw.data, raw.dtype);
+  }
+  return inner.nearestTo(Float32Array.from(vector as number[]));
+}
+
+function addQueryVectorToNative(
+  inner: NativeVectorQuery,
+  vector: Awaited<IntoVector>,
+) {
+  const raw = Array.isArray(vector) ? null : extractVectorBuffer(vector);
+  if (raw) {
+    inner.addQueryVectorRaw(raw.data, raw.dtype);
+  } else {
+    inner.addQueryVector(Float32Array.from(vector as number[]));
+  }
+}
+
 /** Common methods supported by all query types
  *
  * @see {@link Query}
@@ -111,13 +134,15 @@ export class QueryBase<
   NativeQueryType extends NativeQuery | NativeVectorQuery | NativeTakeQuery,
 > implements AsyncIterable<RecordBatch>
 {
+  protected inner!: NativeQueryType | Promise<NativeQueryType>;
+
   /**
    * @hidden
    */
-  protected constructor(
+  protected constructor(inner?: NativeQueryType | Promise<NativeQueryType>) {
-    protected inner: NativeQueryType | Promise<NativeQueryType>,
+    if (inner !== undefined) {
-  ) {
+      this.inner = inner;
-    // intentionally empty
+    }
   }
 
   // call a function on the inner (either a promise or the actual object)
@@ -135,6 +160,15 @@ export class QueryBase<
     }
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Return the native query used by the next terminal operation.
+   *
+   * @hidden
+   */
+  protected async getInner(): Promise<NativeQueryType> {
+    return this.inner;
+  }
+
   /**
    * Return only the specified columns.
    *
@@ -207,16 +241,11 @@ export class QueryBase<
   /**
    * @hidden
    */
-  protected nativeExecute(
+  protected async nativeExecute(
     options?: Partial<QueryExecutionOptions>,
   ): Promise<NativeBatchIterator> {
-    if (this.inner instanceof Promise) {
+    const inner = await this.getInner();
-      return this.inner.then((inner) =>
+    return inner.execute(options?.maxBatchLength, options?.timeoutMs);
-        inner.execute(options?.maxBatchLength, options?.timeoutMs),
-      );
-    } else {
-      return this.inner.execute(options?.maxBatchLength, options?.timeoutMs);
-    }
   }
 
   /**
@@ -245,12 +274,7 @@ export class QueryBase<
   /** Collect the results as an Arrow @see {@link ArrowTable}. */
   async toArrow(options?: Partial<QueryExecutionOptions>): Promise<ArrowTable> {
     const batches = [];
-    let inner;
+    const inner = await this.getInner();
-    if (this.inner instanceof Promise) {
-      inner = await this.inner;
-    } else {
-      inner = this.inner;
-    }
     for await (const batch of new RecordBatchIterable(inner, options)) {
       batches.push(batch);
     }
@@ -279,11 +303,8 @@ export class QueryBase<
    * @returns A Promise that resolves to a string containing the query execution plan explanation.
    */
   async explainPlan(verbose = false): Promise<string> {
-    if (this.inner instanceof Promise) {
+    const inner = await this.getInner();
-      return this.inner.then((inner) => inner.explainPlan(verbose));
+    return inner.explainPlan(verbose);
-    } else {
-      return this.inner.explainPlan(verbose);
-    }
   }
 
   /**
@@ -321,13 +342,8 @@ export class QueryBase<
     distributedMetrics?: AnalyzePlanDistributedMetrics,
   ): Promise<string> {
     const distributedMetricsMode = distributedMetrics ?? "aggregate";
-    if (this.inner instanceof Promise) {
+    const inner = await this.getInner();
-      return this.inner.then((inner) =>
+    return inner.analyzePlan(distributedMetricsMode);
-        inner.analyzePlan(distributedMetricsMode),
-      );
-    } else {
-      return this.inner.analyzePlan(distributedMetricsMode);
-    }
   }
 
   /**
@@ -339,12 +355,8 @@ export class QueryBase<
    * @returns An Arrow Schema describing the output columns.
    */
   async outputSchema(): Promise<import("./arrow").Schema> {
-    let schemaBuffer: Buffer;
+    const inner = await this.getInner();
-    if (this.inner instanceof Promise) {
+    const schemaBuffer = await inner.outputSchema();
-      schemaBuffer = await this.inner.then((inner) => inner.outputSchema());
-    } else {
-      schemaBuffer = await this.inner.outputSchema();
-    }
     const schema = tableFromIPC(schemaBuffer).schema;
     return schema;
   }
@@ -356,7 +368,7 @@ export class StandardQueryBase<
   extends QueryBase<NativeQueryType>
   implements ExecutableQuery
 {
-  constructor(inner: NativeQueryType | Promise<NativeQueryType>) {
+  constructor(inner?: NativeQueryType | Promise<NativeQueryType>) {
     super(inner);
   }
 
@@ -510,6 +522,13 @@ export class VectorQuery extends StandardQueryBase<NativeVectorQuery> {
     super(inner);
   }
 
+  /**
+   * @hidden
+   */
+  protected doVectorCall(fn: (inner: NativeVectorQuery) => void) {
+    super.doCall(fn);
+  }
+
   /**
    * Set the number of partitions to search (probe)
    *
@@ -537,7 +556,7 @@ export class VectorQuery extends StandardQueryBase<NativeVectorQuery> {
    * the minimum and maximum to the same value.
    */
   nprobes(nprobes: number): VectorQuery {
-    super.doCall((inner) => inner.nprobes(nprobes));
+    this.doVectorCall((inner) => inner.nprobes(nprobes));
 
     return this;
   }
@@ -551,7 +570,7 @@ export class VectorQuery extends StandardQueryBase<NativeVectorQuery> {
    * but will also increase latency.
    */
   minimumNprobes(minimumNprobes: number): VectorQuery {
-    super.doCall((inner) => inner.minimumNprobes(minimumNprobes));
+    this.doVectorCall((inner) => inner.minimumNprobes(minimumNprobes));
     return this;
   }
 
@@ -565,7 +584,7 @@ export class VectorQuery extends StandardQueryBase<NativeVectorQuery> {
    * potential false negatives.
    */
   maximumNprobes(maximumNprobes: number): VectorQuery {
-    super.doCall((inner) => inner.maximumNprobes(maximumNprobes));
+    this.doVectorCall((inner) => inner.maximumNprobes(maximumNprobes));
     return this;
   }
 
@@ -578,7 +597,7 @@ export class VectorQuery extends StandardQueryBase<NativeVectorQuery> {
    * `undefined` means no lower or upper bound.
    */
   distanceRange(lowerBound?: number, upperBound?: number): VectorQuery {
-    super.doCall((inner) => inner.distanceRange(lowerBound, upperBound));
+    this.doVectorCall((inner) => inner.distanceRange(lowerBound, upperBound));
     return this;
   }
 
@@ -592,7 +611,7 @@ export class VectorQuery extends StandardQueryBase<NativeVectorQuery> {
    * also increase the latency of your query. The default value is 1.5*limit.
    */
   ef(ef: number): VectorQuery {
-    super.doCall((inner) => inner.ef(ef));
+    this.doVectorCall((inner) => inner.ef(ef));
     return this;
   }
 
@@ -606,7 +625,7 @@ export class VectorQuery extends StandardQueryBase<NativeVectorQuery> {
    * whose data type is a fixed-size-list of floats.
    */
   column(column: string): VectorQuery {
-    super.doCall((inner) => inner.column(column));
+    this.doVectorCall((inner) => inner.column(column));
     return this;
   }
 
@@ -627,7 +646,7 @@ export class VectorQuery extends StandardQueryBase<NativeVectorQuery> {
   distanceType(
     distanceType: Required<IvfPqOptions>["distanceType"],
   ): VectorQuery {
-    super.doCall((inner) => inner.distanceType(distanceType));
+    this.doVectorCall((inner) => inner.distanceType(distanceType));
     return this;
   }
 
@@ -661,7 +680,7 @@ export class VectorQuery extends StandardQueryBase<NativeVectorQuery> {
    * distance between the query vector and the actual uncompressed vector.
    */
   refineFactor(refineFactor: number): VectorQuery {
-    super.doCall((inner) => inner.refineFactor(refineFactor));
+    this.doVectorCall((inner) => inner.refineFactor(refineFactor));
     return this;
   }
 
@@ -686,7 +705,7 @@ export class VectorQuery extends StandardQueryBase<NativeVectorQuery> {
    * factor can often help restore some of the results lost by post filtering.
    */
   postfilter(): VectorQuery {
-    super.doCall((inner) => inner.postfilter());
+    this.doVectorCall((inner) => inner.postfilter());
     return this;
   }
 
@@ -700,7 +719,7 @@ export class VectorQuery extends StandardQueryBase<NativeVectorQuery> {
    * calculate your recall to select an appropriate value for nprobes.
    */
   bypassVectorIndex(): VectorQuery {
-    super.doCall((inner) => inner.bypassVectorIndex());
+    this.doVectorCall((inner) => inner.bypassVectorIndex());
     return this;
   }
 
@@ -708,43 +727,39 @@ export class VectorQuery extends StandardQueryBase<NativeVectorQuery> {
    * Add a query vector to the search
    *
    * This method can be called multiple times to add multiple query vectors
-   * to the search. If multiple query vectors are added, then they will be searched
+   * to the search. A column called `query_index` will be added to indicate the index
-   * in parallel, and the results will be concatenated. A column called `query_index`
+   * of the query vector that produced the result. Flat searches share one table scan
-   * will be added to indicate the index of the query vector that produced the result.
+   * across the query vectors, avoiding the scan and memory amplification of running
-   *
+   * multiple queries concurrently. Indexed searches may still perform per-vector
-   * Performance wise, this is equivalent to running multiple queries concurrently.
+   * index work.
    */
   addQueryVector(vector: IntoVector): VectorQuery {
     if (vector instanceof Promise) {
+      // Observe the promise as soon as it is accepted. The existing native
+      // query may still be pending, and delaying observation until it resolves
+      // can otherwise surface a fast rejection as unhandled.
+      const settledVector = vector.then(
+        (value) => ({ status: "fulfilled" as const, value }),
+        (reason) => ({ status: "rejected" as const, reason }),
+      );
       const res = (async () => {
-        try {
+        const inner = await this.getInner();
-          const v = await vector;
+        const outcome = await settledVector;
-          // biome-ignore lint/suspicious/noExplicitAny: we need to get the `inner`, but js has no package scoping
+        if (outcome.status === "rejected") {
-          const value: any = this.addQueryVector(v);
+          throw outcome.reason;
-          const inner = value.inner as
-            | NativeVectorQuery
-            | Promise<NativeVectorQuery>;
-          return inner;
-        } catch (e) {
-          return Promise.reject(e);
         }
+        addQueryVectorToNative(inner, outcome.value);
+        return inner;
       })();
       return new VectorQuery(res);
     } else {
-      super.doCall((inner) => {
+      this.doVectorCall((inner) => addQueryVectorToNative(inner, vector));
-        const raw = Array.isArray(vector) ? null : extractVectorBuffer(vector);
-        if (raw) {
-          inner.addQueryVectorRaw(raw.data, raw.dtype);
-        } else {
-          inner.addQueryVector(Float32Array.from(vector as number[]));
-        }
-      });
       return this;
     }
   }
 
   rerank(reranker: Reranker): VectorQuery {
-    super.doCall((inner) =>
+    this.doVectorCall((inner) =>
       inner.rerank(async (args) => {
         const vecResults = await fromBufferToRecordBatch(args.vecResults);
         const ftsResults = await fromBufferToRecordBatch(args.ftsResults);
@@ -763,6 +778,71 @@ export class VectorQuery extends StandardQueryBase<NativeVectorQuery> {
   }
 }
 
+/**
+ * Create a string query whose vector/FTS routing is resolved against the active
+ * table schema when the query executes.
+ *
+ * @hidden
+ */
+export function createAutoQuery(
+  table: NativeTable,
+  query: string,
+  columns: string[] | null,
+  getVector: (metadata: string) => Promise<Awaited<IntoVector>>,
+): AutoQuery {
+  type RouteSnapshot = {
+    table: NativeTable;
+    embeddingMetadata: string | undefined;
+  };
+  type CachedPreparation = {
+    metadata: string;
+    vector: Promise<Awaited<IntoVector>>;
+  };
+
+  let cachedPreparation: CachedPreparation | undefined;
+
+  const snapshotRoute = async (): Promise<RouteSnapshot> => {
+    const snapshot = await table.querySnapshot();
+    const schema = tableFromIPC(await snapshot.schema()).schema;
+    return {
+      table: snapshot,
+      embeddingMetadata: schema.metadata.get("embedding_functions"),
+    };
+  };
+
+  const createInner = async (): Promise<NativeQuery | NativeVectorQuery> => {
+    const route = await snapshotRoute();
+    if (route.embeddingMetadata === undefined) {
+      const inner = route.table.query();
+      inner.fullTextSearch({ query, columns });
+      return inner;
+    }
+
+    const metadata = route.embeddingMetadata;
+    if (cachedPreparation?.metadata !== metadata) {
+      cachedPreparation = {
+        metadata,
+        vector: Promise.resolve().then(() => getVector(metadata)),
+      };
+    }
+
+    const preparation = cachedPreparation;
+    let vector: Awaited<IntoVector>;
+    try {
+      vector = await preparation.vector;
+    } catch (error) {
+      if (cachedPreparation === preparation) {
+        cachedPreparation = undefined;
+      }
+      throw error;
+    }
+
+    return nearestToNative(route.table.query(), vector);
+  };
+
+  return new AutoQuery(createInner);
+}
+
 /**
  * A query that returns a subset of the rows in the table.
  *
@@ -788,6 +868,51 @@ export class TakeQuery extends QueryBase<NativeTakeQuery> {
   }
 }
 
+/**
+ * A builder for automatic string searches.
+ *
+ * Automatic search determines whether to use full-text or vector search from
+ * the table revision selected for each execution. This builder exposes the
+ * common operations supported by both query families.
+ *
+ * @hideconstructor
+ */
+export class AutoQuery extends StandardQueryBase<
+  NativeQuery | NativeVectorQuery
+> {
+  private readonly calls: Array<
+    (inner: NativeQuery | NativeVectorQuery) => void
+  > = [];
+
+  /** @hidden */
+  constructor(
+    private readonly createInner: () => Promise<
+      NativeQuery | NativeVectorQuery
+    >,
+  ) {
+    super();
+  }
+
+  /** @hidden */
+  protected override doCall(
+    fn: (inner: NativeQuery | NativeVectorQuery) => void,
+  ) {
+    this.calls.push(fn);
+  }
+
+  /** @hidden */
+  protected override async getInner(): Promise<
+    NativeQuery | NativeVectorQuery
+  > {
+    const calls = [...this.calls];
+    const inner = await this.createInner();
+    for (const call of calls) {
+      call(inner);
+    }
+    return inner;
+  }
+}
+
 /** A builder for LanceDB queries.
  *
  * @see {@link Table#query}, {@link Table#search}
@@ -840,45 +965,19 @@ export class Query extends StandardQueryBase<NativeQuery> {
    * a default `limit` of 10 will be used.  @see {@link Query#limit}
    */
   nearestTo(vector: IntoVector): VectorQuery {
-    const callNearestTo = (
+    const inner = this.inner;
-      inner: NativeQuery,
+    if (inner instanceof Promise) {
-      resolved: Float32Array | Float64Array | Uint8Array | number[],
+      const nativeQuery = inner.then(async (resolvedInner) =>
-    ): NativeVectorQuery => {
+        nearestToNative(resolvedInner, await vector),
-      const raw = Array.isArray(resolved)
+      );
-        ? null
-        : extractVectorBuffer(resolved);
-      if (raw) {
-        return inner.nearestToRaw(raw.data, raw.dtype);
-      }
-      return inner.nearestTo(Float32Array.from(resolved as number[]));
-    };
-
-    if (this.inner instanceof Promise) {
-      const nativeQuery = this.inner.then(async (inner) => {
-        const resolved = vector instanceof Promise ? await vector : vector;
-        return callNearestTo(inner, resolved);
-      });
       return new VectorQuery(nativeQuery);
     }
     if (vector instanceof Promise) {
-      const res = (async () => {
+      return new VectorQuery(
-        try {
+        vector.then((resolvedVector) => nearestToNative(inner, resolvedVector)),
-          const v = await vector;
+      );
-          // biome-ignore lint/suspicious/noExplicitAny: we need to get the `inner`, but js has no package scoping
-          const value: any = this.nearestTo(v);
-          const inner = value.inner as
-            | NativeVectorQuery
-            | Promise<NativeVectorQuery>;
-          return inner;
-        } catch (e) {
-          return Promise.reject(e);
-        }
-      })();
-      return new VectorQuery(res);
-    } else {
-      const vectorQuery = callNearestTo(this.inner, vector);
-      return new VectorQuery(vectorQuery);
     }
+    return new VectorQuery(nearestToNative(inner, vector));
   }
 
   nearestToText(query: string | FullTextQuery, columns?: string[]): Query {

nodejs/lancedb/sanitize.ts

@@ -94,17 +94,24 @@ export function sanitizeMetadata(
   if (metadataLike === undefined || metadataLike === null) {
     return undefined;
   }
-  if (!(metadataLike instanceof Map)) {
+
+  let entries: IterableIterator<[unknown, unknown]>;
+  try {
+    entries = Map.prototype.entries.call(metadataLike);
+  } catch {
     throw Error("Expected metadata, if present, to be a Map<string, string>");
   }
-  for (const item of metadataLike) {
+
-    if (typeof item[0] !== "string" || typeof item[1] !== "string") {
+  const metadata = new Map<string, string>();
+  for (const [key, value] of entries) {
+    if (typeof key !== "string" || typeof value !== "string") {
       throw Error(
         "Expected metadata, if present, to be a Map<string, string> but it had non-string keys or values",
       );
     }
+    metadata.set(key, value);
   }
-  return metadataLike as Map<string, string>;
+  return metadata;
 }
 
 export function sanitizeInt(typeLike: object) {

nodejs/lancedb/schema.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,567 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright The LanceDB Authors
+
+import {
+  Binary,
+  Bool,
+  DataType,
+  Dictionary,
+  Field,
+  FixedSizeList,
+  Float32,
+  Float64,
+  Int32,
+  Int64,
+  List,
+  Schema,
+  Struct,
+  Utf8,
+  util as arrowUtil,
+} from "apache-arrow";
+import { typedArrayToArrowType } from "./arrow_type";
+import { sanitizeType } from "./sanitize";
+
+type InferenceOptions = {
+  dictionaryEncodeStrings: boolean;
+  vectorColumns: Record<string, { type: unknown }>;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Infer the Arrow schema represented by a set of records.
+ *
+ * This is the intentionally small interface to schema inference. The stateful
+ * details of combining partial type evidence are encapsulated below so callers
+ * only need to provide records, an optional schema, and inference options.
+ */
+export function inferSchema(
+  data: Array<Record<string, unknown>>,
+  schema: Schema | undefined,
+  options: InferenceOptions,
+): Schema {
+  return new SchemaInferrer(schema, options).infer(data);
+}
+
+class SchemaInferrer {
+  private readonly fields = new FieldTree();
+
+  constructor(
+    private readonly providedSchema: Schema | undefined,
+    private readonly options: InferenceOptions,
+  ) {}
+
+  infer(data: Array<Record<string, unknown>>): Schema {
+    for (const [row, record] of data.entries()) {
+      for (const [path, value] of recordPathsAndValues(record)) {
+        this.observe(path, value, row);
+      }
+    }
+
+    return this.providedSchema === undefined
+      ? new Schema(fieldsFromTree(this.fields))
+      : new Schema(matchingFields(this.providedSchema.fields, this.fields));
+  }
+
+  private observe(path: string[], value: unknown, row: number): void {
+    const current = this.fields.get(path);
+    if (current === undefined) {
+      this.addField(path, value, row);
+    } else if (this.providedSchema === undefined) {
+      this.updateInferredField(path, value, row, current);
+    }
+  }
+
+  private addField(path: string[], value: unknown, row: number): void {
+    if (this.providedSchema !== undefined) {
+      this.addSchemaField(this.providedSchema, path, row);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const evidence =
+      this.inferType(value, path) ?? DeferredTypeEvidence.from(value, row);
+    if (evidence === undefined) {
+      throw typeInferenceError(path, row);
+    }
+
+    const conflict = this.fields.set(
+      path,
+      evidence,
+      (existing) =>
+        existing instanceof DeferredTypeEvidence && existing.isOnlyNulls(),
+    );
+    if (conflict !== undefined) {
+      throw branchConflictError(conflict, row, "Struct");
+    }
+  }
+
+  private addSchemaField(schema: Schema, path: string[], row: number): void {
+    const field = fieldAtPath(schema, path);
+    if (field === undefined) {
+      throw new Error(
+        `Found field not in schema: ${path.join(".")} at row ${row}`,
+      );
+    }
+
+    const conflict = this.fields.set(path, field.type);
+    if (conflict !== undefined) {
+      throw branchConflictError(conflict, row, "Struct");
+    }
+  }
+
+  private updateInferredField(
+    path: string[],
+    value: unknown,
+    row: number,
+    current: FieldNode,
+  ): void {
+    const newType = this.inferType(value, path);
+    const deferred = DeferredTypeEvidence.from(value, row);
+
+    if (current instanceof FieldTree) {
+      if (deferred?.isOnlyNulls()) {
+        return;
+      }
+      throw schemaInferenceError(
+        path,
+        row,
+        "Struct",
+        describeEvidence(newType ?? deferred),
+      );
+    }
+
+    if (current instanceof DeferredTypeEvidence) {
+      this.resolveDeferredField(path, row, current, newType, deferred);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (newType !== undefined) {
+      if (!inferredTypesEqual(current, newType)) {
+        throw schemaInferenceError(
+          path,
+          row,
+          describeEvidence(current),
+          describeEvidence(newType),
+        );
+      }
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (deferred === undefined || !deferred.matches(current)) {
+      throw schemaInferenceError(
+        path,
+        row,
+        describeEvidence(current),
+        describeEvidence(deferred),
+      );
+    }
+  }
+
+  private resolveDeferredField(
+    path: string[],
+    row: number,
+    current: DeferredTypeEvidence,
+    newType: DataType | undefined,
+    deferred: DeferredTypeEvidence | undefined,
+  ): void {
+    if (newType !== undefined) {
+      if (!current.matches(newType)) {
+        throw schemaInferenceError(
+          path,
+          row,
+          current.describe(),
+          describeEvidence(newType),
+        );
+      }
+      this.fields.set(path, newType);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (deferred !== undefined) {
+      this.fields.set(path, current.merge(deferred));
+      return;
+    }
+
+    throw schemaInferenceError(
+      path,
+      row,
+      current.describe(),
+      describeEvidence(newType),
+    );
+  }
+
+  private inferType(value: unknown, path: string[]): DataType | undefined {
+    if (typeof value === "bigint") {
+      return new Int64();
+    }
+    if (typeof value === "number") {
+      return new Float64();
+    }
+    if (typeof value === "string") {
+      return this.options.dictionaryEncodeStrings
+        ? new Dictionary(new Utf8(), new Int32())
+        : new Utf8();
+    }
+    if (typeof value === "boolean") {
+      return new Bool();
+    }
+    if (value instanceof Buffer) {
+      return new Binary();
+    }
+    if (ArrayBuffer.isView(value) && !(value instanceof DataView)) {
+      const typedArray = typedArrayToArrowType(value);
+      return typedArray === undefined
+        ? undefined
+        : new FixedSizeList(
+            typedArray.length,
+            new Field("item", typedArray.elementType, true),
+          );
+    }
+    if (!Array.isArray(value) || value.length === 0) {
+      return undefined;
+    }
+
+    const configuredVector =
+      path.length === 1 ? this.options.vectorColumns[path[0]] : undefined;
+    if (configuredVector !== undefined) {
+      return new FixedSizeList(
+        value.length,
+        new Field("item", sanitizeType(configuredVector.type), true),
+      );
+    }
+
+    const itemType = this.inferArrayItemType(value, path);
+    if (itemType === undefined) {
+      return undefined;
+    }
+
+    return nameSuggestsVectorColumn(path[path.length - 1])
+      ? new FixedSizeList(value.length, new Field("item", new Float32(), true))
+      : new List(new Field("item", itemType, true));
+  }
+
+  private inferArrayItemType(
+    values: unknown[],
+    path: string[],
+  ): DataType | undefined {
+    let itemType: DataType | undefined;
+    const deferredItems: unknown[] = [];
+
+    for (const value of values) {
+      const candidate = this.inferType(value, path);
+      if (candidate === undefined) {
+        if (!isDeferredValue(value)) {
+          return undefined;
+        }
+        deferredItems.push(value);
+      } else if (itemType === undefined) {
+        itemType = candidate;
+      } else if (!inferredTypesEqual(itemType, candidate)) {
+        return undefined;
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (itemType === undefined) {
+      return undefined;
+    }
+    return deferredItems.every((value) =>
+      deferredValueMatchesType(value, itemType),
+    )
+      ? itemType
+      : undefined;
+  }
+}
+
+/** Nulls and empty/all-null lists that do not determine a type by themselves. */
+class DeferredTypeEvidence {
+  private constructor(
+    private readonly values: Array<{ value: unknown; row: number }>,
+  ) {}
+
+  static from(value: unknown, row: number): DeferredTypeEvidence | undefined {
+    return isDeferredValue(value)
+      ? new DeferredTypeEvidence([{ value, row }])
+      : undefined;
+  }
+
+  isOnlyNulls(): boolean {
+    return this.values.every(({ value }) => value == null);
+  }
+
+  matches(type: DataType): boolean {
+    return this.values.every(({ value }) =>
+      deferredValueMatchesType(value, type),
+    );
+  }
+
+  merge(other: DeferredTypeEvidence): DeferredTypeEvidence {
+    return new DeferredTypeEvidence([...this.values, ...other.values]);
+  }
+
+  describe(): string {
+    const list = this.values.find(({ value }) => Array.isArray(value));
+    return list === undefined
+      ? "null"
+      : `List[${(list.value as unknown[]).length}]`;
+  }
+
+  firstRow(): number {
+    return this.values[0].row;
+  }
+}
+
+type FieldNode = DataType | DeferredTypeEvidence | FieldTree;
+type LeafNode = Exclude<FieldNode, FieldTree>;
+type FieldConflict = { path: string[]; value: FieldNode };
+
+/** Nested field state, kept separate from Arrow's eventual Struct types. */
+class FieldTree {
+  private readonly children = new Map<string, FieldNode>();
+
+  get(path: string[]): FieldNode | undefined {
+    let current: FieldNode = this;
+    for (const part of path) {
+      if (!(current instanceof FieldTree)) {
+        return undefined;
+      }
+      const child = current.children.get(part);
+      if (child === undefined) {
+        return undefined;
+      }
+      current = child;
+    }
+    return current;
+  }
+
+  set(
+    path: string[],
+    value: LeafNode,
+    canReplaceLeaf: (value: LeafNode) => boolean = () => false,
+  ): FieldConflict | undefined {
+    let branch: FieldTree = this;
+    for (const [index, part] of path.slice(0, -1).entries()) {
+      const child = branch.children.get(part);
+      if (child === undefined || (isLeaf(child) && canReplaceLeaf(child))) {
+        const nextBranch = new FieldTree();
+        branch.children.set(part, nextBranch);
+        branch = nextBranch;
+      } else if (child instanceof FieldTree) {
+        branch = child;
+      } else {
+        return { path: path.slice(0, index + 1), value: child };
+      }
+    }
+
+    const name = path[path.length - 1];
+    const current = branch.children.get(name);
+    if (current instanceof FieldTree) {
+      return { path, value: current };
+    }
+    branch.children.set(name, value);
+    return undefined;
+  }
+
+  entries(): IterableIterator<[string, FieldNode]> {
+    return this.children.entries();
+  }
+
+  has(name: string): boolean {
+    return this.children.has(name);
+  }
+}
+
+function isLeaf(value: FieldNode): value is LeafNode {
+  return !(value instanceof FieldTree);
+}
+
+function fieldsFromTree(tree: FieldTree, path: string[] = []): Field[] {
+  const fields: Field[] = [];
+  for (const [name, value] of tree.entries()) {
+    if (value instanceof FieldTree) {
+      fields.push(
+        new Field(
+          name,
+          new Struct(fieldsFromTree(value, [...path, name])),
+          true,
+        ),
+      );
+    } else if (value instanceof DeferredTypeEvidence) {
+      throw typeInferenceError([...path, name], value.firstRow());
+    } else {
+      fields.push(new Field(name, value, true));
+    }
+  }
+  return fields;
+}
+
+function matchingFields(fields: Field[], tree: FieldTree): Field[] {
+  const matches: Field[] = [];
+  for (const field of fields) {
+    if (!tree.has(field.name)) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    const value = tree.get([field.name]);
+    if (value instanceof FieldTree) {
+      const struct = field.type as Struct;
+      matches.push(
+        new Field(
+          field.name,
+          new Struct(matchingFields(struct.children, value)),
+          field.nullable,
+          field.metadata,
+        ),
+      );
+    } else {
+      matches.push(field);
+    }
+  }
+  return matches;
+}
+
+function* recordPathsAndValues(
+  record: Record<string, unknown>,
+  path: string[] = [],
+): Generator<[string[], unknown]> {
+  for (const [name, value] of Object.entries(record)) {
+    if (isRecord(value)) {
+      yield* recordPathsAndValues(value, [...path, name]);
+    } else if (value !== undefined) {
+      yield [[...path, name], value];
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+function isRecord(value: unknown): value is Record<string, unknown> {
+  return (
+    typeof value === "object" &&
+    value !== null &&
+    !Array.isArray(value) &&
+    !(value instanceof RegExp) &&
+    !(value instanceof Date) &&
+    !(value instanceof Set) &&
+    !(value instanceof Map) &&
+    !(value instanceof Buffer) &&
+    !ArrayBuffer.isView(value)
+  );
+}
+
+function fieldAtPath(schema: Schema, path: string[]): Field | undefined {
+  let fields = schema.fields;
+  let field: Field | undefined;
+  for (const [index, name] of path.entries()) {
+    field = fields.find((candidate) => candidate.name === name);
+    if (field === undefined || index === path.length - 1) {
+      return field;
+    }
+    if (!DataType.isStruct(field.type)) {
+      return undefined;
+    }
+    fields = field.type.children;
+  }
+  return field;
+}
+
+function isDeferredValue(value: unknown): boolean {
+  return (
+    value == null || (Array.isArray(value) && value.every(isDeferredValue))
+  );
+}
+
+function deferredValueMatchesType(value: unknown, type: DataType): boolean {
+  if (value == null) {
+    return true;
+  }
+  if (!Array.isArray(value)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (DataType.isList(type)) {
+    return value.every((item) =>
+      deferredValueMatchesType(item, type.valueType),
+    );
+  }
+  if (DataType.isFixedSizeList(type)) {
+    return (
+      value.length === type.listSize &&
+      value.every((item) => deferredValueMatchesType(item, type.valueType))
+    );
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+function inferredTypesEqual(current: DataType, candidate: DataType): boolean {
+  if (DataType.isDictionary(current)) {
+    return (
+      DataType.isDictionary(candidate) &&
+      current.isOrdered === candidate.isOrdered &&
+      inferredTypesEqual(current.indices, candidate.indices) &&
+      inferredTypesEqual(current.dictionary, candidate.dictionary)
+    );
+  }
+  if (DataType.isList(current)) {
+    return (
+      DataType.isList(candidate) &&
+      current.valueField.name === candidate.valueField.name &&
+      current.valueField.nullable === candidate.valueField.nullable &&
+      inferredTypesEqual(current.valueType, candidate.valueType)
+    );
+  }
+  if (DataType.isFixedSizeList(current)) {
+    return (
+      DataType.isFixedSizeList(candidate) &&
+      current.listSize === candidate.listSize &&
+      current.valueField.name === candidate.valueField.name &&
+      current.valueField.nullable === candidate.valueField.nullable &&
+      inferredTypesEqual(current.valueType, candidate.valueType)
+    );
+  }
+  return arrowUtil.compareTypes(current, candidate);
+}
+
+function describeEvidence(
+  evidence: DataType | DeferredTypeEvidence | undefined,
+): string {
+  if (evidence === undefined) {
+    return "an unsupported value";
+  }
+  return evidence instanceof DeferredTypeEvidence
+    ? evidence.describe()
+    : evidence.toString();
+}
+
+function branchConflictError(
+  conflict: FieldConflict,
+  row: number,
+  candidate: string,
+): Error {
+  return schemaInferenceError(
+    conflict.path,
+    row,
+    conflict.value instanceof FieldTree
+      ? "Struct"
+      : describeEvidence(conflict.value),
+    candidate,
+  );
+}
+
+function schemaInferenceError(
+  path: string[],
+  row: number,
+  currentType: string,
+  newType: string,
+): Error {
+  return new Error(
+    `Failed to infer schema for data. Previously inferred type ${currentType} ` +
+      `but found ${newType} for field ${path.join(".")} at row ${row}. ` +
+      "Consider providing an explicit schema.",
+  );
+}
+
+function typeInferenceError(path: string[], row: number): Error {
+  return new Error(
+    `Failed to infer data type for field ${path.join(".")} at row ${row}. ` +
+      "Consider providing an explicit schema.",
+  );
+}
+
+function nameSuggestsVectorColumn(name: string): boolean {
+  const normalized = name.toLowerCase();
+  return normalized.includes("vector") || normalized.includes("embedding");
+}

nodejs/lancedb/table.ts

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ import {
 
 import { EmbeddingFunctionConfig, getRegistry } from "./embedding/registry";
 import { IndexOptions } from "./indices";
+import { Job } from "./job";
 import { MergeInsertBuilder } from "./merge";
 import {
   AddColumnsResult,
@@ -30,7 +31,6 @@ import {
   DropColumnsResult,
   IndexConfig,
   IndexStatistics,
-  Job,
   LsmStats,
   Branches as NativeBranches,
   OptimizeStats,
@@ -43,10 +43,12 @@ import {
   Table as _NativeTable,
 } from "./native";
 import {
+  AutoQuery,
   FullTextQuery,
   Query,
   TakeQuery,
   VectorQuery,
+  createAutoQuery,
   instanceOfFullTextQuery,
 } from "./query";
 import { sanitizeType } from "./sanitize";
@@ -523,7 +525,7 @@ export abstract class Table {
     query: string | IntoVector | MultiVector | FullTextQuery,
     queryType?: string,
     ftsColumns?: string | string[],
-  ): VectorQuery | Query;
+  ): VectorQuery | Query | AutoQuery;
   /**
    * Search the table with a given query vector.
    *
@@ -628,6 +630,18 @@ export abstract class Table {
 
   /**
    * Update per-field (column) metadata.
+   *
+   * The following keys are treated specially, by convention, and should be
+   * used when appropriate:
+   *
+   * - `lancedb:description`: for a human-readable description of a field.
+   * - `lancedb:tag:<name>`: for a user-defined key-value tag, where the suffix
+   *   names the tag category; e.g. `lancedb:tag:model: "clip"`.
+   * - `lancedb:logical-column`: for a column grouping; e.g. `feature_v1` and
+   *   `feature_v2` might be in the same logical column.
+   * - `lancedb:status`: for status options (`production`, `candidate`,
+   *   `deprecated`, `archived`) to designate the current life cycle state of
+   *   this column.
    * @param {FieldMetadataUpdate[]} updates One or more per-field updates. Each
    * update's metadata is merged into the field's existing metadata by default;
    * a value of `null` deletes that key, and `replace: true` swaps the whole map.
@@ -905,6 +919,16 @@ export abstract class Table {
   /** Return the table as an arrow table */
   abstract toArrow(): Promise<ArrowTable>;
 
+  /**
+   * Create a {@link MergeInsertBuilder}, which combines new data with the
+   * existing table in a single transaction — inserting, updating and deleting
+   * rows depending on how they match.
+   *
+   * @param on - The column, or columns, to match source rows against target
+   * rows on. Typically a key or id column. Several columns match on the
+   * composite key: a source row updates a target row only when it agrees on
+   * every one of them.
+   */
   abstract mergeInsert(on: string | string[]): MergeInsertBuilder;
 
   /** List all the stats of a specified index
@@ -975,10 +999,11 @@ export class LocalTable extends Table {
     return this.inner.display();
   }
 
-  private async getEmbeddingFunctions(): Promise<
+  private async getEmbeddingFunctions(
-    Map<string, EmbeddingFunctionConfig>
+    inner: _NativeTable = this.inner,
-  > {
+  ): Promise<Map<string, EmbeddingFunctionConfig>> {
-    const schema = await this.schema();
+    const schemaBuf = await inner.schema();
+    const schema = tableFromIPC(schemaBuf).schema;
     const registry = getRegistry();
     return registry.parseFunctions(schema.metadata);
   }
@@ -1099,13 +1124,15 @@ export class LocalTable extends Table {
   ): Promise<Job> {
     // biome-ignore lint/suspicious/noExplicitAny: skip
     const nativeIndex = (options?.config as any)?.inner;
-    return await this.inner.createIndexAsync(
+    return new Job(
-      nativeIndex,
+      await this.inner.createIndexAsync(
-      column,
+        nativeIndex,
-      options?.replace,
+        column,
-      options?.waitTimeoutSeconds,
+        options?.replace,
-      options?.name,
+        options?.waitTimeoutSeconds,
-      options?.train,
+        options?.name,
+        options?.train,
+      ),
     );
   }
 
@@ -1160,7 +1187,7 @@ export class LocalTable extends Table {
     query: string | IntoVector | MultiVector | FullTextQuery,
     queryType: string = "auto",
     ftsColumns?: string | string[],
-  ): VectorQuery | Query {
+  ): VectorQuery | Query | AutoQuery {
     if (typeof query !== "string" && !instanceOfFullTextQuery(query)) {
       if (queryType === "fts") {
         throw new Error("Cannot perform full text search on a vector query");
@@ -1175,14 +1202,28 @@ export class LocalTable extends Table {
       });
     }
 
-    // The query type is auto or vector
+    if (queryType === "auto") {
-    // fall back to full text search if no embedding functions are defined and the query is a string
+      if (instanceOfFullTextQuery(query)) {
-    if (
+        return this.query().fullTextSearch(query, {
-      queryType === "auto" &&
+          columns: ftsColumns,
-      (getRegistry().length() === 0 || instanceOfFullTextQuery(query))
+        });
-    ) {
+      }
-      return this.query().fullTextSearch(query, {
+
-        columns: ftsColumns,
+      const columns =
+        typeof ftsColumns === "string" ? [ftsColumns] : (ftsColumns ?? null);
+      return createAutoQuery(this.inner, query, columns, async (metadata) => {
+        const functions = await getRegistry().parseFunctions(
+          new Map([["embedding_functions", metadata]]),
+        );
+        // TODO: Support multiple embedding functions
+        const embeddingFunc: EmbeddingFunctionConfig | undefined = functions
+          .values()
+          .next().value;
+        // The route only calls this callback when embedding metadata exists.
+        // parseFunctions either yields a provider or reports malformed metadata.
+        if (!embeddingFunc)
+          throw new Error("Invalid embedding function metadata");
+        return await embeddingFunc.function.computeQueryEmbeddings(query);
       });
     }
 
@@ -1274,7 +1315,7 @@ export class LocalTable extends Table {
   }
 
   async refreshColumnAsync(column: string): Promise<Job> {
-    return await this.inner.refreshColumnAsync(column);
+    return new Job(await this.inner.refreshColumnAsync(column));
   }
 
   async refreshMaterializedView(
@@ -1538,7 +1579,8 @@ export interface FieldMetadataUpdate {
   path: string;
   /**
    * Metadata key/value pairs. Merged into the field's existing metadata by
-   * default; a value of `null` deletes that key.
+   * default; a value of `null` deletes that key. See
+   * {@link Table.updateFieldMetadata} for the conventional `lancedb:*` keys.
    */
   metadata: Record<string, string | null>;
   /** If true, replace the field's entire metadata map instead of merging. */

nodejs/npm/darwin-arm64/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
 	"name": "@lancedb/lancedb-darwin-arm64",
-	"version": "0.38.0-beta.6",
+	"version": "0.39.0-beta.4",
 	"os": ["darwin"],
 	"cpu": ["arm64"],
 	"main": "lancedb.darwin-arm64.node",

nodejs/npm/linux-arm64-gnu/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
 	"name": "@lancedb/lancedb-linux-arm64-gnu",
-	"version": "0.38.0-beta.6",
+	"version": "0.39.0-beta.4",
 	"os": ["linux"],
 	"cpu": ["arm64"],
 	"main": "lancedb.linux-arm64-gnu.node",

nodejs/npm/linux-arm64-musl/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
 	"name": "@lancedb/lancedb-linux-arm64-musl",
-	"version": "0.38.0-beta.6",
+	"version": "0.39.0-beta.4",
 	"os": ["linux"],
 	"cpu": ["arm64"],
 	"main": "lancedb.linux-arm64-musl.node",

nodejs/npm/linux-x64-gnu/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
 	"name": "@lancedb/lancedb-linux-x64-gnu",
-	"version": "0.38.0-beta.6",
+	"version": "0.39.0-beta.4",
 	"os": ["linux"],
 	"cpu": ["x64"],
 	"main": "lancedb.linux-x64-gnu.node",

nodejs/npm/linux-x64-musl/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
 	"name": "@lancedb/lancedb-linux-x64-musl",
-	"version": "0.38.0-beta.6",
+	"version": "0.39.0-beta.4",
 	"os": ["linux"],
 	"cpu": ["x64"],
 	"main": "lancedb.linux-x64-musl.node",

nodejs/npm/win32-arm64-msvc/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@lancedb/lancedb-win32-arm64-msvc",
-  "version": "0.38.0-beta.6",
+  "version": "0.39.0-beta.4",
   "os": [
     "win32"
   ],

nodejs/npm/win32-x64-msvc/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
 	"name": "@lancedb/lancedb-win32-x64-msvc",
-	"version": "0.38.0-beta.6",
+	"version": "0.39.0-beta.4",
 	"os": ["win32"],
 	"cpu": ["x64"],
 	"main": "lancedb.win32-x64-msvc.node",

nodejs/package.json

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
     "ann"
   ],
   "private": false,
-  "version": "0.38.0-beta.6",
+  "version": "0.39.0-beta.4",
   "main": "dist/index.js",
   "exports": {
     ".": "./dist/index.js",
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
     "@biomejs/biome": "^1.7.3",
     "@jest/globals": "^29.7.0",
     "@napi-rs/cli": "3.7.0",
-    "@opentelemetry/sdk-metrics": "^1.30.0",
+    "@opentelemetry/sdk-metrics": "^2.10.0",
     "@types/axios": "^0.14.0",
     "@types/jest": "^29.1.2",
     "@types/node": "22.7.4",
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@
     "eslint": "^8.57.0",
     "jest": "^29.7.0",
     "shx": "^0.3.4",
-    "tmp": "^0.2.3",
+    "tmp": "^0.2.7",
     "ts-jest": "^29.1.2",
     "typedoc": "0.26.4",
     "typedoc-plugin-markdown": "4.2.1",
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@
     "timeout": "3m"
   },
   "engines": {
-    "node": ">= 18"
+    "node": ">= 22"
   },
   "packageManager": "pnpm@11.1.1",
   "cpu": ["x64", "arm64"],
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@
     "openai": "4.29.2"
   },
   "peerDependencies": {
-    "@types/node": ">=18",
+    "@types/node": ">=22",
     "apache-arrow": ">=15.0.0 <=18.1.0"
   },
   "peerDependenciesMeta": {

nodejs/pnpm-workspace.yaml

@@ -16,3 +16,41 @@ allowBuilds:
   onnxruntime-node: true
   protobufjs: true
   sharp: true
+
+minimumReleaseAgeExclude:
+  - protobufjs@7.5.8
+  - tmp@0.2.6
+  - form-data@4.0.6
+  - tar@7.5.16
+  - markdown-it@14.1.2
+  - linkify-it@5.0.1
+  - js-yaml@3.15.0
+  - js-yaml@4.1.2
+  - protobufjs@7.6.1
+  - protobufjs@7.6.3
+  - '@babel/core@7.29.1'
+  - axios@1.18.0
+  - brace-expansion@2.1.2
+  - brace-expansion@1.1.16
+  - js-yaml@4.3.0
+  - tar@7.5.18
+  - tar@7.5.19
+  - tar@7.5.17
+  - protobufjs@7.6.5
+  - linkify-it@5.0.2
+  - sharp@0.35.0
+  - brace-expansion@1.1.17
+  - brace-expansion@2.1.3
+  - brace-expansion@2.1.4
+  - brace-expansion@1.1.18
+  - js-yaml@3.15.1
+  - js-yaml@4.3.1
+  - tar@7.5.21
+  - '@opentelemetry/core@2.8.0'
+
+# @huggingface/transformers pins sharp ^0.33.5 and no released version has moved
+# past ^0.34.5, all of which inherit the libvips CVEs in GHSA-f88m-g3jw-g9cj.
+# Force the patched line. sharp is only reached by transformers' image pipeline,
+# which LanceDB's text embedding function never uses.
+overrides:
+  sharp: ^0.35.4

nodejs/src/connection.rs

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ use lancedb::connection::{ConnectBuilder, Connection as LanceDBConnection, conne
 
 use lance_namespace::models::{
     CreateNamespaceRequest, DescribeNamespaceRequest, DropNamespaceRequest, ListNamespacesRequest,
+    ListTablesRequest,
 };
 use lancedb::ipc::{ipc_file_to_batches, ipc_file_to_schema};
 
@@ -36,6 +37,12 @@ pub struct ListNamespacesResponse {
     pub page_token: Option<String>,
 }
 
+#[napi(object)]
+pub struct ListTablesResponse {
+    pub tables: Vec<String>,
+    pub page_token: Option<String>,
+}
+
 #[napi(object)]
 pub struct CreateNamespaceResponse {
     pub properties: Option<HashMap<String, String>>,
@@ -206,6 +213,33 @@ impl Connection {
         op.execute().await.default_error()
     }
 
+    /// List a page of tables in the database.
+    #[napi(catch_unwind)]
+    pub async fn list_tables(
+        &self,
+        namespace_path: Option<Vec<String>>,
+        page_token: Option<String>,
+        limit: Option<u32>,
+    ) -> napi::Result<ListTablesResponse> {
+        let request = ListTablesRequest {
+            // The root namespace is an empty path, not an absent one: a namespace-backed
+            // database rejects a request that names no namespace.
+            id: Some(namespace_path.unwrap_or_default()),
+            page_token,
+            limit: limit.map(|limit| i32::try_from(limit).unwrap_or(i32::MAX)),
+            ..Default::default()
+        };
+        let response = self
+            .get_inner()?
+            .list_tables(request)
+            .await
+            .default_error()?;
+        Ok(ListTablesResponse {
+            tables: response.tables,
+            page_token: response.page_token,
+        })
+    }
+
     /// Create table from a Apache Arrow IPC (file) buffer.
     ///
     /// Parameters:
@@ -408,13 +442,15 @@ impl Connection {
         self.get_inner()?.drop_all_tables(&ns).await.default_error()
     }
 
-    /// A `Job` handle for a server-side job by id.
+    /// Open a server-side job by id, returning a handle with its record
+    /// already populated. Rejects when the server has no such job.
     ///
-    /// The handle is constructed without a server round trip; an unknown id
+    /// The returned handle answers for its own state, specification, result,
-    /// surfaces when the handle is used.
+    /// failure and event history, so there is no separate connection-level
-    #[napi]
+    /// call for any of them.
-    pub fn job(&self, job_id: String) -> napi::Result<crate::job::Job> {
+    #[napi(catch_unwind)]
-        let job = self.get_inner()?.job(job_id).default_error()?;
+    pub async fn open_job(&self, job_id: String) -> napi::Result<crate::job::Job> {
+        let job = self.get_inner()?.open_job(&job_id).await.default_error()?;
         Ok(crate::job::Job::new(job))
     }
 
@@ -425,17 +461,6 @@ impl Connection {
         Ok(jobs.into_iter().map(Into::into).collect())
     }
 
-    /// Describe a single server-side job by id. `null` when the server has
-    /// no such job.
-    #[napi(catch_unwind)]
-    pub async fn get_job(
-        &self,
-        job_id: String,
-    ) -> napi::Result<Option<crate::job::JobDescription>> {
-        let description = self.get_inner()?.get_job(&job_id).await.default_error()?;
-        Ok(description.map(Into::into))
-    }
-
     /// Request cancellation of a server-side job by id. Returns true if the
     /// server accepted the cancellation, false if no such job exists.
     #[napi(catch_unwind)]
@@ -443,34 +468,6 @@ impl Connection {
         self.get_inner()?.cancel_job(&job_id).await.default_error()
     }
 
-    /// The lifecycle event history of a server-side job (all jobs when
-    /// `job_id` is null), as an Arrow IPC stream buffer. Empty when there is
-    /// no history.
-    #[napi(catch_unwind)]
-    pub async fn job_history(&self, job_id: Option<String>) -> napi::Result<Buffer> {
-        let batches = self
-            .get_inner()?
-            .job_history(job_id.as_deref())
-            .await
-            .default_error()?;
-        let Some(first) = batches.first() else {
-            return Ok(Buffer::from(Vec::<u8>::new()));
-        };
-        let mut out = Vec::new();
-        let mut writer = arrow_ipc::writer::StreamWriter::try_new(&mut out, &first.schema())
-            .map_err(|e| napi::Error::from_reason(e.to_string()))?;
-        for batch in &batches {
-            writer
-                .write(batch)
-                .map_err(|e| napi::Error::from_reason(e.to_string()))?;
-        }
-        writer
-            .finish()
-            .map_err(|e| napi::Error::from_reason(e.to_string()))?;
-        drop(writer);
-        Ok(Buffer::from(out))
-    }
-
     #[napi(catch_unwind)]
     /// Describe a namespace and return its properties.
     pub async fn describe_namespace(

nodejs/src/job.rs

@@ -3,6 +3,9 @@
 
 use std::sync::Arc;
 
+use arrow_array::RecordBatch;
+use lancedb::job::JobEventsRequest;
+use napi::bindgen_prelude::Buffer;
 use napi_derive::napi;
 
 use crate::error::NapiErrorExt;
@@ -55,12 +58,98 @@ impl Job {
     pub async fn cancel(&self) -> napi::Result<()> {
         self.inner.cancel().await.default_error()
     }
+
+    /// Ask the backend for this job's current state, and for a server-side job
+    /// its full record, then cache it for the getters below.
+    ///
+    /// They are all null until this runs, because submitting an operation
+    /// returns only a job id. {@link Job.status} fetches the whole record too;
+    /// {@link Job.wait} records only the terminal state it establishes.
+    #[napi(catch_unwind)]
+    pub async fn refresh(&self) -> napi::Result<()> {
+        self.inner.refresh().await.default_error()
+    }
+
+    /// The last observed lifecycle state, without contacting the backend.
+    #[napi(getter)]
+    pub fn state(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.inner.state()
+    }
+
+    /// The job's type, as the server names it. Null for an in-process job,
+    /// which has no server-side record.
+    #[napi(getter)]
+    pub fn job_type(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.inner.job_type()
+    }
+
+    /// When the job was created, in milliseconds since the epoch.
+    #[napi(getter)]
+    pub fn creation_ms(&self) -> Option<i64> {
+        self.inner.creation_ms()
+    }
+
+    /// The job-type-specific specification as a JSON string, when present.
+    #[napi(getter)]
+    pub fn spec_json(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.inner.spec().map(|spec| spec.to_string())
+    }
+
+    /// The job-type-specific terminal result as a JSON string. Null until the
+    /// job succeeds, so a job that never terminates reports its progress
+    /// through {@link Job.events} instead.
+    #[napi(getter)]
+    pub fn result_json(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.inner.result().map(|result| result.to_string())
+    }
+
+    /// Why the job failed, when it failed and the server reports a reason.
+    #[napi(getter)]
+    pub fn failure(&self) -> Option<JobFailureInfo> {
+        self.inner.failure().map(|failure| JobFailureInfo {
+            phase: failure.phase,
+            message: failure.message,
+            retryable: failure.retryable,
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// This job's recorded lifecycle events, as an Arrow IPC stream buffer.
+    /// The TypeScript wrapper turns it into an Arrow table.
+    #[napi(catch_unwind)]
+    pub async fn events(&self, limit: Option<u32>, filter: Option<String>) -> napi::Result<Buffer> {
+        let batches = self
+            .inner
+            .events(JobEventsRequest { limit, filter })
+            .await
+            .default_error()?;
+        batches_to_ipc_buffer(&batches)
+    }
+}
+
+/// Serialise Arrow batches as a single IPC stream for the TypeScript layer.
+fn batches_to_ipc_buffer(batches: &[RecordBatch]) -> napi::Result<Buffer> {
+    let Some(first) = batches.first() else {
+        return Ok(Buffer::from(Vec::<u8>::new()));
+    };
+    let mut out = Vec::new();
+    let mut writer = arrow_ipc::writer::StreamWriter::try_new(&mut out, &first.schema())
+        .map_err(|e| napi::Error::from_reason(e.to_string()))?;
+    for batch in batches {
+        writer
+            .write(batch)
+            .map_err(|e| napi::Error::from_reason(e.to_string()))?;
+    }
+    writer
+        .finish()
+        .map_err(|e| napi::Error::from_reason(e.to_string()))?;
+    drop(writer);
+    Ok(Buffer::from(out))
 }
 
 /// A row from `Connection.listJobs`: one server-side job.
 #[napi(object)]
 pub struct JobInfo {
-    /// The job id -- what `Connection.getJob` and `Connection.cancelJob`
+    /// The job id -- what `Connection.openJob` and `Connection.cancelJob`
     /// accept.
     pub job_id: String,
     /// The table the job runs against, without URI or namespace.
@@ -91,36 +180,3 @@ pub struct JobFailureInfo {
     pub message: Option<String>,
     pub retryable: Option<bool>,
 }
-
-/// A described job from `Connection.getJob`.
-#[napi(object)]
-pub struct JobDescription {
-    pub job_id: String,
-    pub job_type: String,
-    /// Lifecycle state: "running", "finished", "failed", or "cancelled".
-    pub state: String,
-    /// When the job was created, in milliseconds since the epoch.
-    pub creation_ms: i64,
-    /// The job-type-specific specification as a JSON string, when present.
-    pub spec_json: Option<String>,
-    /// Why the job failed, when the job is failed and the server reports a
-    /// reason.
-    pub failure: Option<JobFailureInfo>,
-}
-
-impl From<lancedb::database::JobDescription> for JobDescription {
-    fn from(description: lancedb::database::JobDescription) -> Self {
-        Self {
-            job_id: description.job_id,
-            job_type: description.job_type,
-            state: description.state,
-            creation_ms: description.creation_ms,
-            spec_json: (!description.spec.is_null()).then(|| description.spec.to_string()),
-            failure: description.failure.map(|failure| JobFailureInfo {
-                phase: failure.phase,
-                message: failure.message,
-                retryable: failure.retryable,
-            }),
-        }
-    }
-}

nodejs/src/query.rs

@@ -664,7 +664,11 @@ impl JsFullTextQuery {
 }
 
 fn parse_fts_query(query: Object) -> napi::Result<FullTextSearchQuery> {
-    if let Ok(Some(query)) = query.get::<&JsFullTextQuery>("query") {
+    // `&JsFullTextQuery` recovers a native class reference through napi's borrow-tracked
+    // path, which is only usable from generated `#[napi]` argument conversion. This is a
+    // manual lookup on a nested `Object` property instead, so use `ClassInstance`, which
+    // unwraps the class without requiring a borrow scope.
+    if let Ok(Some(query)) = query.get::<ClassInstance<JsFullTextQuery>>("query") {
         Ok(FullTextSearchQuery::new_query(query.inner.clone()))
     } else if let Ok(Some(query_text)) = query.get::<String>("query") {
         let mut query_text = query_text;

nodejs/src/table.rs

@@ -278,6 +278,13 @@ impl Table {
         Ok(Query::new(self.inner_ref()?.query()))
     }
 
+    /// Return a read-only table handle pinned to the current query revision.
+    #[napi(catch_unwind)]
+    pub async fn query_snapshot(&self) -> napi::Result<Self> {
+        let snapshot = self.inner_ref()?.query_snapshot().await.default_error()?;
+        Ok(Self::new(snapshot))
+    }
+
     #[napi(catch_unwind)]
     pub fn take_offsets(&self, offsets: Vec<i64>) -> napi::Result<TakeQuery> {
         Ok(TakeQuery::new(
@@ -554,6 +561,12 @@ impl Table {
             .default_error()
     }
 
+    #[napi(catch_unwind)]
+    pub async fn checkout_current(&self) -> napi::Result<Self> {
+        let table = self.inner_ref()?.checkout_current().await.default_error()?;
+        Ok(Self::new(table))
+    }
+
     #[napi(catch_unwind)]
     pub async fn checkout(&self, version: i64) -> napi::Result<()> {
         self.inner_ref()?

python/Cargo.toml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [package]
 name = "lancedb-python"
-version = "0.38.0-beta.6"
+version = "0.39.0-beta.4"
 publish = false
 edition.workspace = true
 description = "Python bindings for LanceDB"
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ env_logger.workspace = true
 log.workspace = true
 # Maturin enables extension-module mode for Python builds. Keeping it out of
 # Cargo features lets Rust unit tests link against libpython.
-pyo3 = { version = "0.28", features = ["abi3-py310", "chrono"] }
+pyo3 = { version = "0.28", features = ["abi3-py310", "chrono", "uuid"] }
 chrono.workspace = true
 pyo3-async-runtimes = { version = "0.28", features = [
     "attributes",
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ serde.workspace = true
 serde_json.workspace = true
 snafu.workspace = true
 tokio.workspace = true
+uuid.workspace = true
 libc = "0.2"
 
 [build-dependencies]

python/pyproject.toml

@@ -101,9 +101,12 @@ azure = ["adlfs>=2024.2.0"]
 [tool.maturin]
 python-source = "python"
 module-name = "lancedb._lancedb"
+# uv installs the project as an editable package before `uv run`, so keep that
+# bootstrap build consistent with `maturin develop`.
+editable-profile = "dev"
 
 [build-system]
-requires = ["maturin>=1.9.4"]
+requires = ["maturin>=1.10"]
 build-backend = "maturin"
 
 [tool.ruff.lint]
@@ -136,6 +139,7 @@ include = [
     "python/lancedb/exceptions.py",
     "python/lancedb/background_loop.py",
     "python/lancedb/schema.py",
+    "python/lancedb/sql.py",
     "python/lancedb/remote/__init__.py",
     "python/lancedb/remote/errors.py",
     "python/lancedb/embeddings/__init__.py",

python/python/lancedb/__init__.py

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import importlib.metadata
 import os
 from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor
 from datetime import timedelta
-from typing import Dict, Optional, Union, Any, List, Iterable
+from typing import Dict, Optional, Union, Any, List, Iterable, TYPE_CHECKING
 
 __version__ = importlib.metadata.version("lancedb")
 
@@ -20,9 +20,13 @@ from .db import AsyncConnection, DBConnection, LanceDBConnection
 from .remote import ClientConfig
 from .remote.db import RemoteDBConnection
 from .expr import Expr, col, lit, func
-from .schema import blob, vector, BlobType
+from .schema import blob, vector
 from .job import AsyncJob, Job
+from .sql import AsyncQuery as AsyncSqlQuery
+from .sql import Query as SqlQuery
+from .sql import QueryDescription
 from .functions import (
+    AssignmentMapping as AssignmentMapping,
     FunctionArtifactRequest as FunctionArtifactRequest,
     FunctionApplication as FunctionApplication,
     FunctionBinding as FunctionBinding,
@@ -33,6 +37,8 @@ from .functions import (
     UdfDefinition as UdfDefinition,
     udf as udf,
 )
+from .secrets import EnvVarSecret as EnvVarSecret
+from .secrets import SecretInfo as SecretInfo
 from .materialized_view import (
     AsyncMaterializedView,
     MaterializedView,
@@ -49,6 +55,19 @@ from .namespace import (
 )
 
 
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from lance.blob import BlobType as BlobType
+
+
+def __getattr__(name: str):
+    if name == "BlobType":
+        from .schema import BlobType
+
+        globals()["BlobType"] = BlobType
+        return BlobType
+    raise AttributeError(f"module {__name__!r} has no attribute {name!r}")
+
+
 def _check_s3_bucket_with_dots(
     uri: str, storage_options: Optional[Dict[str, str]]
 ) -> None:
@@ -88,6 +107,7 @@ def connect(
     api_key: Optional[str] = None,
     region: str = "us-east-1",
     host_override: Optional[str] = None,
+    sql_host_override: Optional[str] = None,
     read_consistency_interval: Optional[timedelta] = None,
     request_thread_pool: Optional[Union[int, ThreadPoolExecutor]] = None,
     client_config: Union[ClientConfig, Dict[str, Any], None] = None,
@@ -116,6 +136,9 @@ def connect(
         The region to use for LanceDB Cloud.
     host_override: str, optional
         The override url for LanceDB Cloud.
+    sql_host_override: str, optional
+        The remote SQL service endpoint override. The client connects lazily when SQL
+        is first executed and retains that connection.
     read_consistency_interval: timedelta, default None
         The interval at which to check for updates to the table from other
         processes. If None, then consistency is not checked. For performance
@@ -179,6 +202,18 @@ def connect(
     ...     },
     ... )
 
+    For Azure Blob Storage, credentials can be passed directly without setting
+    environment variables:
+
+    >>> azure_storage_options = {
+    ...     "account_name": "some-account",
+    ...     "account_key": "some-key",
+    ... }
+    >>> db = lancedb.connect(  # doctest: +SKIP
+    ...     "az://my-container/my-database",
+    ...     storage_options=azure_storage_options,
+    ... )
+
     For tests and temporary data, use an in-memory database:
 
     >>> db = lancedb.connect("memory://")
@@ -245,6 +280,7 @@ def connect(
             api_key,
             region,
             host_override,
+            sql_host_override=sql_host_override,
             # TODO: remove this (deprecation warning downstream)
             request_thread_pool=request_thread_pool,
             client_config=client_config,
@@ -387,6 +423,7 @@ def deserialize_conn(
             parsed["api_key"],
             parsed.get("region", "us-east-1"),
             host_override=parsed.get("host_override"),
+            sql_host_override=parsed.get("sql_host_override"),
             client_config=parsed.get("client_config"),
             storage_options=storage_options,
         )
@@ -400,6 +437,7 @@ async def connect_async(
     api_key: Optional[str] = None,
     region: str = "us-east-1",
     host_override: Optional[str] = None,
+    sql_host_override: Optional[str] = None,
     read_consistency_interval: Optional[timedelta] = None,
     client_config: Optional[Union[ClientConfig, Dict[str, Any]]] = None,
     storage_options: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None,
@@ -422,6 +460,9 @@ async def connect_async(
         The region to use for LanceDB Cloud.
     host_override: str, optional
         The override url for LanceDB Cloud.
+    sql_host_override: str, optional
+        The remote SQL service endpoint override. The client connects lazily when SQL
+        is first executed and retains that connection.
     read_consistency_interval: timedelta, default None
         The interval at which to check for updates to the table from other
         processes. If None, then consistency is not checked. For performance
@@ -465,6 +506,10 @@ async def connect_async(
     --------
 
     >>> import lancedb
+    >>> azure_storage_options = {
+    ...     "account_name": "some-account",
+    ...     "account_key": "some-key",
+    ... }
     >>> async def doctest_example():
     ...     # For a local directory, provide a path to the database
     ...     db = await lancedb.connect_async("~/.lancedb")
@@ -472,6 +517,11 @@ async def connect_async(
     ...     db = await lancedb.connect_async("s3://my-bucket/lancedb",
     ...                                      storage_options={
     ...                                          "aws_access_key_id": "***"})
+    ...     # Azure credentials can also be passed directly
+    ...     db = await lancedb.connect_async(
+    ...         "az://my-container/my-database",
+    ...         storage_options=azure_storage_options,
+    ...     )
     ...     # For tests and temporary data, use an in-memory database
     ...     db = await lancedb.connect_async("memory://")
     ...     # Connect to LanceDB cloud
@@ -500,6 +550,7 @@ async def connect_async(
             api_key,
             region,
             host_override,
+            sql_host_override,
             read_consistency_interval_secs,
             client_config,
             storage_options,
@@ -522,6 +573,7 @@ __all__ = [
     "connect_namespace_async",
     "AsyncConnection",
     "AsyncJob",
+    "AsyncSqlQuery",
     "AsyncLanceNamespaceDBConnection",
     "AsyncTable",
     "FtsToken",
@@ -536,6 +588,8 @@ __all__ = [
     "vector",
     "DBConnection",
     "Job",
+    "QueryDescription",
+    "SqlQuery",
     "LanceDBConnection",
     "LanceNamespaceDBConnection",
     "LsmWriteSpec",

python/python/lancedb/_blob.py

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Optional, Union
 import pyarrow as pa
 
 from .expr import Expr
-from .schema import blob_v2_column_paths
+from .schema import row_addressable_blob_v2_paths
 from .types import BlobMode, QueryProjection, QueryProjectionSpec
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ def blob_v2_projection_sources(
     schema: pa.Schema,
     projection: QueryProjection,
 ) -> dict[str, str]:
-    blob_columns = blob_v2_column_paths(schema)
+    blob_columns = row_addressable_blob_v2_paths(schema)
     if not blob_columns:
         return {}
     columns = set(blob_columns)
@@ -140,7 +140,9 @@ def v2_projection_needs_row_id(
 ) -> bool:
     if with_row_id:
         return False
-    return projection_includes_blob_column(projection, blob_v2_column_paths(schema))
+    return projection_includes_blob_column(
+        projection, row_addressable_blob_v2_paths(schema)
+    )
 
 
 def blob_auto_row_id_for_scan(
@@ -270,7 +272,8 @@ def _iter_projection_pairs(
             if isinstance(expr, str):
                 yield name, expr
             elif isinstance(expr, Expr):
-                yield name, expr.to_sql()
+                source = expr._column_name()
+                yield name, source if source is not None else expr.to_sql()
         return
     for column in projection:
         if isinstance(column, str):
@@ -280,7 +283,8 @@ def _iter_projection_pairs(
             if isinstance(expr, str):
                 yield name, expr
             elif isinstance(expr, Expr):
-                yield name, expr.to_sql()
+                source = expr._column_name()
+                yield name, source if source is not None else expr.to_sql()
 
 
 def _set_blob_column(tbl: pa.Table, output_name: str, blobs: pa.Array) -> pa.Table:

python/python/lancedb/_lancedb.pyi

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 from datetime import date, datetime, timedelta
 from decimal import Decimal
 from typing import Dict, List, Optional, Tuple, Any, TypedDict, Union, Literal
+from uuid import UUID
 
 import pyarrow as pa
 
@@ -87,6 +88,7 @@ class PyExpr:
     def contains(self, substr: "PyExpr") -> "PyExpr": ...
     def isin(self, values: List["PyExpr"]) -> "PyExpr": ...
     def cast(self, data_type: pa.DataType) -> "PyExpr": ...
+    def column_name(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
     def to_sql(self) -> str: ...
 
 def expr_col(name: str) -> PyExpr: ...
@@ -146,15 +148,25 @@ class Connection(object):
         start_after: Optional[str],
         limit: Optional[int],
     ) -> list[str]: ...  # Deprecated: Use list_tables instead
-    def job(self, job_id: str) -> Job: ...
+    async def open_job(self, job_id: str) -> Job: ...
     async def create_function_async(self, request_json: str) -> Job: ...
     async def get_function(self, name: str, version: str) -> str: ...
+    async def list_functions(self) -> List[str]: ...
+    async def drop_function(self, name: str, version: str) -> bool: ...
+    async def create_secret(self, name: str, value: str) -> None: ...
+    async def alter_secret(self, name: str, value: str) -> None: ...
+    async def list_secrets(self) -> List[str]: ...
+    async def drop_secret(self, name: str) -> None: ...
+    async def describe_secret(self, name: str) -> Dict[str, str]: ...
     async def list_jobs(self) -> List[JobInfo]: ...
-    async def get_job(self, job_id: str) -> Optional[JobDescription]: ...
     async def cancel_job(self, job_id: str) -> bool: ...
-    async def job_history(
+    async def execute_query_async(
-        self, job_id: Optional[str] = None
+        self,
-    ) -> List[pa.RecordBatch]: ...
+        query: str,
+        *,
+        default_namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+    ) -> SqlQuery: ...
+    async def describe_query(self, query_id: UUID) -> QueryDescription: ...
     async def create_table(
         self,
         name: str,
@@ -233,9 +245,20 @@ class BlobFile:
 class Job:
     @property
     def id(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    @property
+    def _state(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    @property
+    def _description(self) -> Optional[JobDescription]: ...
     async def status(self) -> str: ...
     async def wait(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
     async def cancel(self) -> None: ...
+    async def refresh(self) -> None: ...
+    async def events(
+        self,
+        *,
+        limit: Optional[int] = None,
+        filter: Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> pa.Table: ...
 
 class JobInfo:
     @property
@@ -267,10 +290,33 @@ class JobDescription:
     @property
     def creation_ms(self) -> int: ...
     @property
-    def spec_json(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    def _spec_json(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    @property
+    def _result_json(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    @property
+    def spec(self) -> Optional[Any]: ...
+    @property
+    def result(self) -> Optional[Any]: ...
     @property
     def failure(self) -> Optional[JobFailureInfo]: ...
 
+class SqlQuery:
+    @property
+    def id(self) -> UUID: ...
+    async def describe(self) -> QueryDescription: ...
+    async def reader(self) -> RecordBatchStream: ...
+    async def cancel(self) -> None: ...
+
+class QueryDescription:
+    @property
+    def id(self) -> UUID: ...
+    @property
+    def status(self) -> str: ...
+    @property
+    def progress(self) -> Optional[float]: ...
+    @property
+    def expires_at(self) -> Optional[datetime]: ...
+
 class Table:
     def name(self) -> str: ...
     def __repr__(self) -> str: ...
@@ -283,6 +329,7 @@ class Table:
         mode: Literal["append", "overwrite"],
         progress: Optional[Any] = None,
         write_parallelism: Optional[int] = None,
+        allow_external_blob_outside_bases: bool = False,
     ) -> AddResult: ...
     async def update(
         self, updates: Dict[str, str], where: Optional[str]
@@ -448,6 +495,7 @@ async def connect(
     api_key: Optional[str],
     region: Optional[str],
     host_override: Optional[str],
+    sql_host_override: Optional[str],
     read_consistency_interval: Optional[float],
     client_config: Optional[Union[ClientConfig, Dict[str, Any]]],
     storage_options: Optional[Dict[str, str]],
@@ -604,9 +652,11 @@ class FullTextQuery:
 class PyQueryRequest:
     limit: Optional[int]
     offset: Optional[int]
+    take_offsets: Optional[List[int]]
     filter: Optional[Union[str, bytes]]
     full_text_search: Optional[FullTextQuery]
     select: Optional[Union[str, List[str]]]
+    select_source_columns: Optional[Dict[str, str]]
     fast_search: Optional[bool]
     with_row_id: Optional[bool]
     use_lsm: Optional[bool]

python/python/lancedb/db.py

@@ -17,8 +17,10 @@ from typing import (
     List,
     Literal,
     Optional,
+    Sequence,
     Union,
 )
+from uuid import UUID
 
 if sys.version_info >= (3, 12):
     from typing import override
@@ -47,12 +49,16 @@ from . import __version__
 from ._lancedb import connect as lancedb_connect  # type: ignore
 from .functions import FunctionVersion, UdfDefinition
 from .job import AsyncJob, Job, _typed_job
+from .sql import AsyncQuery as AsyncSqlQuery
+from .sql import Query as SqlQuery
+from .sql import QueryDescription
 from .materialized_view import (
     AsyncMaterializedView,
     MaterializedView,
     SelectArg,
     normalize_select,
 )
+from .secrets import EnvVarSecret, SecretInfo, validate_secret_name
 from .table import (
     AsyncTable,
     LanceTable,
@@ -68,10 +74,11 @@ import deprecation
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     import pyarrow as pa
+    from .arrow import AsyncRecordBatchReader
     from .pydantic import LanceModel
 
     from ._lancedb import Connection as LanceDbConnection
-    from ._lancedb import JobDescription, JobInfo
+    from ._lancedb import JobInfo
     from .common import DATA, URI
     from .embeddings import EmbeddingFunctionConfig
     from ._lancedb import Session
@@ -687,15 +694,47 @@ class DBConnection(EnforceOverrides):
         """
         raise NotImplementedError("serialize is not supported for this connection type")
 
-    def create_function(self, definition: UdfDefinition) -> FunctionVersion:
+    def create_function(
+        self,
+        definition: UdfDefinition,
+        *,
+        secrets: Optional[Sequence[EnvVarSecret]] = None,
+    ) -> FunctionVersion:
         """Register a scalar Python UDF and wait for its immutable version.
 
         This is the blocking counterpart of :meth:`create_function_async`.
         Local connections raise ``NotImplementedError``.
-        """
-        return self.create_function_async(definition).wait()
 
-    def create_function_async(self, definition: UdfDefinition) -> Job[FunctionVersion]:
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        definition : UdfDefinition
+            A callable decorated with [udf][lancedb.udf].
+        secrets : sequence of EnvVarSecret, optional
+            One [EnvVarSecret][lancedb.secrets.EnvVarSecret] per credential the
+            Function needs, each naming a Secret and the environment variable
+            its value arrives in. The Function's source is unchanged by this;
+            it reads the variable the way it already did.
+
+        Examples
+        --------
+        ```python
+        db.create_secret("openai-prod", os.environ["OPENAI_API_KEY"])
+        db.create_function(
+            analyze_caption,
+            secrets=[
+                EnvVarSecret(secret="openai-prod", env_variable="OPENAI_API_KEY")
+            ],
+        )
+        ```
+        """
+        return self.create_function_async(definition, secrets=secrets).wait()
+
+    def create_function_async(
+        self,
+        definition: UdfDefinition,
+        *,
+        secrets: Optional[Sequence[EnvVarSecret]] = None,
+    ) -> Job[FunctionVersion]:
         """Register a scalar Python UDF through the remote Function catalog.
 
         Submission returns a typed job. The immutable Function version becomes
@@ -712,26 +751,107 @@ class DBConnection(EnforceOverrides):
             "Function catalog operations are not supported for this connection type"
         )
 
-    def job(self, job_id: str) -> Job:
+    def list_functions(self) -> List[FunctionVersion]:
-        """A [Job][lancedb.job.Job] handle for a server-side job by id.
+        """List every published immutable Function version.
 
-        The handle is constructed without a server round trip; an unknown id
+        Results are ordered by Function name then version. Local connections
-        surfaces when the handle is used. Dropping the handle has no effect
+        raise ``NotImplementedError``.
-        on the job itself.
+
+        Examples
+        --------
+        List the identities available to use in Function-backed columns:
+
+        ```python
+        [(function.name, function.version) for function in db.list_functions()]
+        ```
         """
-        raise NotImplementedError("job is not supported for this connection type")
+        raise NotImplementedError(
+            "Function catalog operations are not supported for this connection type"
+        )
+
+    def drop_function(self, name: str, *, version: str) -> bool:
+        """Drop one exact immutable Function version from the remote catalog.
+
+        Returns True when the version changed to Dropped and False for an
+        idempotent replay. Local connections raise NotImplementedError.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError(
+            "Function catalog operations are not supported for this connection type"
+        )
+
+    def create_secret(self, name: str, value: str) -> None:
+        """Create a named Secret in this database.
+
+        Fails if the name is taken, so a create never silently becomes a
+        rotation. Nothing reads the value back: it is bound to a Function by
+        name and resolved by the service when that Function runs. Local
+        connections raise ``NotImplementedError``.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError(
+            "Secret operations are not supported for this connection type"
+        )
+
+    def alter_secret(self, name: str, value: str) -> None:
+        """Replace the credential behind an existing Secret.
+
+        Fails if it does not exist. Every Function bound to the Secret uses the
+        new value from its next job, and no new Function version is created --
+        which is how a rotation reaches columns pinned to a version registered
+        before it. Local connections raise ``NotImplementedError``.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError(
+            "Secret operations are not supported for this connection type"
+        )
+
+    def list_secrets(self) -> List[str]:
+        """The names of every Secret in this database.
+
+        Names only. No method returns a stored credential, by construction
+        rather than by policy. Local connections raise ``NotImplementedError``.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError(
+            "Secret operations are not supported for this connection type"
+        )
+
+    def drop_secret(self, name: str) -> None:
+        """Drop a Secret.
+
+        Functions bound to it fail at their next job, naming the Secret; that
+        is the revocation path. The name becomes free to reuse, and a new
+        Secret under it is picked up by everything still bound to that name.
+        Local connections raise ``NotImplementedError``.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError(
+            "Secret operations are not supported for this connection type"
+        )
+
+    def describe_secret(self, name: str) -> SecretInfo:
+        """What this database records about a Secret: name and timestamps.
+
+        Never the value -- there is no code path that could return one. Local
+        connections raise ``NotImplementedError``.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError(
+            "Secret operations are not supported for this connection type"
+        )
+
+    def open_job(self, job_id: str) -> Job:
+        """Open a server-side job by id, returning a handle with its record
+        already populated.
+
+        The returned [Job][lancedb.job.Job] answers for its own state,
+        specification, result, failure and event history, so there is no
+        separate connection-level call for any of them.
+
+        Raises `JobNotFoundError` when the server has no such job, the way
+        `open_table` does for a missing table.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError("open_job is not supported for this connection type")
 
     def list_jobs(self) -> List[JobInfo]:
         """List server-side jobs across the database's tables."""
         raise NotImplementedError("list_jobs is not supported for this connection type")
 
-    def get_job(self, job_id: str) -> Optional[JobDescription]:
-        """Describe a single server-side job by id.
-
-        Returns None when the server has no such job.
-        """
-        raise NotImplementedError("get_job is not supported for this connection type")
-
     def cancel_job(self, job_id: str) -> bool:
         """Request cancellation of a server-side job by id.
 
@@ -743,14 +863,38 @@ class DBConnection(EnforceOverrides):
             "cancel_job is not supported for this connection type"
         )
 
-    def job_history(self, job_id: Optional[str] = None) -> List[pa.RecordBatch]:
+    def execute_query(
-        """The lifecycle event history of a server-side job, as Arrow batches.
+        self,
+        query: str,
+        *,
+        default_namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+    ) -> pa.RecordBatchReader:
+        """Execute SQL and return a blocking Arrow reader.
 
-        Lists history across all jobs when `job_id` is None.
+        This submits through :meth:`execute_query_async` and waits until the
+        initial result stream is readable. It does not wait for the full query
+        to finish.
         """
-        raise NotImplementedError(
+        return self.execute_query_async(
-            "job_history is not supported for this connection type"
+            query,
-        )
+            default_namespace_path=default_namespace_path,
+        ).reader()
+
+    def execute_query_async(
+        self,
+        query: str,
+        *,
+        default_namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+    ) -> SqlQuery:
+        """Start executing SQL and return its query handle.
+
+        Local connections do not support SQL.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError("SQL is not supported for this connection type")
+
+    def describe_query(self, query_id: UUID) -> QueryDescription:
+        """Describe a submitted SQL query by its connection-scoped id."""
+        raise NotImplementedError("SQL is not supported for this connection type")
 
 
 class LanceDBConnection(DBConnection):
@@ -847,6 +991,7 @@ class LanceDBConnection(DBConnection):
                 None,
                 None,
                 None,
+                None,
                 read_consistency_interval_secs,
                 None,
                 storage_options,
@@ -1395,37 +1540,59 @@ class LanceDBConnection(DBConnection):
         )
 
     @override
-    def job(self, job_id: str) -> Job:
+    def open_job(self, job_id: str) -> Job:
-        """A [Job][lancedb.job.Job] handle for a server-side job by id.
+        """Open a server-side job by id. See
-
+        [DBConnection.open_job][lancedb.db.DBConnection.open_job].
-        The handle is constructed without a server round trip; an unknown id
-        surfaces when the handle is used. Dropping the handle has no effect
-        on the job itself.
         """
-        return Job(self._conn.job(job_id))
+        return Job(LOOP.run(self._conn.open_job(job_id)))
 
     @override
-    def create_function_async(self, definition: UdfDefinition) -> Job[FunctionVersion]:
+    def create_function_async(
-        job = LOOP.run(self._conn.create_function_async(definition))
+        self,
+        definition: UdfDefinition,
+        *,
+        secrets: Optional[Sequence[EnvVarSecret]] = None,
+    ) -> Job[FunctionVersion]:
+        job = LOOP.run(self._conn.create_function_async(definition, secrets=secrets))
         return Job(job)
 
     @override
     def get_function(self, name: str, *, version: str) -> FunctionVersion:
         return LOOP.run(self._conn.get_function(name, version=version))
 
+    @override
+    def list_functions(self) -> List[FunctionVersion]:
+        return LOOP.run(self._conn.list_functions())
+
+    @override
+    def drop_function(self, name: str, *, version: str) -> bool:
+        return LOOP.run(self._conn.drop_function(name, version=version))
+
+    @override
+    def create_secret(self, name: str, value: str) -> None:
+        LOOP.run(self._conn.create_secret(name, value))
+
+    @override
+    def alter_secret(self, name: str, value: str) -> None:
+        LOOP.run(self._conn.alter_secret(name, value))
+
+    @override
+    def list_secrets(self) -> List[str]:
+        return LOOP.run(self._conn.list_secrets())
+
+    @override
+    def drop_secret(self, name: str) -> None:
+        LOOP.run(self._conn.drop_secret(name))
+
+    @override
+    def describe_secret(self, name: str) -> SecretInfo:
+        return LOOP.run(self._conn.describe_secret(name))
+
     @override
     def list_jobs(self) -> List[JobInfo]:
         """List server-side jobs across the database's tables."""
         return LOOP.run(self._conn.list_jobs())
 
-    @override
-    def get_job(self, job_id: str) -> Optional[JobDescription]:
-        """Describe a single server-side job by id.
-
-        Returns None when the server has no such job.
-        """
-        return LOOP.run(self._conn.get_job(job_id))
-
     @override
     def cancel_job(self, job_id: str) -> bool:
         """Request cancellation of a server-side job by id.
@@ -1436,14 +1603,6 @@ class LanceDBConnection(DBConnection):
         """
         return LOOP.run(self._conn.cancel_job(job_id))
 
-    @override
-    def job_history(self, job_id: Optional[str] = None) -> List[pa.RecordBatch]:
-        """The lifecycle event history of a server-side job, as Arrow batches.
-
-        Lists history across all jobs when `job_id` is None.
-        """
-        return LOOP.run(self._conn.job_history(job_id))
-
     @override
     def namespace_client(self) -> LanceNamespace:
         """Get the equivalent namespace client for this connection.
@@ -2214,46 +2373,85 @@ class AsyncConnection(object):
             namespace_path = []
         await self._inner.drop_all_tables(namespace_path=namespace_path)
 
-    def job(self, job_id: str) -> AsyncJob:
+    async def open_job(self, job_id: str) -> AsyncJob:
-        """An [AsyncJob][lancedb.job.AsyncJob] handle for a server-side job
+        """Open a server-side job by id. See
-        by id.
+        [DBConnection.open_job][lancedb.db.DBConnection.open_job].
-
-        The handle is constructed without a server round trip; an unknown id
-        surfaces when the handle is used. Dropping the handle has no effect
-        on the job itself.
         """
-        return AsyncJob(self._inner.job(job_id))
+        return AsyncJob(await self._inner.open_job(job_id))
 
     async def create_function_async(
-        self, definition: UdfDefinition
+        self,
+        definition: UdfDefinition,
+        *,
+        secrets: Optional[Sequence[EnvVarSecret]] = None,
     ) -> AsyncJob[FunctionVersion]:
         """Register a scalar Python UDF through the remote Function catalog.
 
         The returned typed job resolves to the immutable Function version.
-        Local connections raise ``NotImplementedError``.
+        ``secrets`` is a sequence of
+        [EnvVarSecret][lancedb.secrets.EnvVarSecret], each naming a Secret and
+        the environment variable its value arrives in. Local connections raise
+        ``NotImplementedError``.
         """
         if not isinstance(definition, UdfDefinition):
             raise TypeError("create_function_async requires a @udf definition")
-        inner = await self._inner.create_function_async(
+        request = definition.bind_secrets(secrets)
-            definition.registration_request.to_canonical_json()
+        inner = await self._inner.create_function_async(request.to_canonical_json())
-        )
         return _typed_job(inner, FunctionVersion.from_json)
 
     async def get_function(self, name: str, *, version: str) -> FunctionVersion:
         """Open one exact immutable Function version from the remote catalog."""
         return FunctionVersion.from_json(await self._inner.get_function(name, version))
 
+    async def list_functions(self) -> List[FunctionVersion]:
+        """List every published immutable Function version.
+
+        Results are ordered by Function name then version. Local connections
+        raise ``NotImplementedError``.
+        """
+        return [
+            FunctionVersion.from_json(value)
+            for value in await self._inner.list_functions()
+        ]
+
+    async def drop_function(self, name: str, *, version: str) -> bool:
+        """Drop one exact immutable Function version from the remote catalog."""
+        return await self._inner.drop_function(name, version)
+
+    async def create_secret(self, name: str, value: str) -> None:
+        """Create a named Secret in this database.
+
+        Fails if the name is taken, so a create never silently becomes a
+        rotation. Nothing reads the value back.
+        """
+        await self._inner.create_secret(validate_secret_name(name), value)
+
+    async def alter_secret(self, name: str, value: str) -> None:
+        """Replace the credential behind an existing Secret.
+
+        Fails if it does not exist. Bound Functions use the new value from
+        their next job, with no new Function version.
+        """
+        await self._inner.alter_secret(validate_secret_name(name), value)
+
+    async def list_secrets(self) -> List[str]:
+        """The names of every Secret in this database. Names only."""
+        return await self._inner.list_secrets()
+
+    async def drop_secret(self, name: str) -> None:
+        """Drop a Secret. Bound Functions fail at their next job."""
+        await self._inner.drop_secret(validate_secret_name(name))
+
+    async def describe_secret(self, name: str) -> SecretInfo:
+        """What this database records about a Secret. Never the value."""
+        return SecretInfo.from_json(
+            await self._inner.describe_secret(validate_secret_name(name))
+        )
+
     async def list_jobs(self) -> List[JobInfo]:
         """List server-side jobs across the database's tables."""
         return await self._inner.list_jobs()
 
-    async def get_job(self, job_id: str) -> Optional[JobDescription]:
-        """Describe a single server-side job by id.
-
-        Returns None when the server has no such job.
-        """
-        return await self._inner.get_job(job_id)
-
     async def cancel_job(self, job_id: str) -> bool:
         """Request cancellation of a server-side job by id.
 
@@ -2263,12 +2461,46 @@ class AsyncConnection(object):
         """
         return await self._inner.cancel_job(job_id)
 
-    async def job_history(self, job_id: Optional[str] = None) -> List[pa.RecordBatch]:
+    async def execute_query(
-        """The lifecycle event history of a server-side job, as Arrow batches.
+        self,
+        query: str,
+        *,
+        default_namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+    ) -> AsyncRecordBatchReader:
+        """Execute SQL and return an asynchronous Arrow reader.
 
-        Lists history across all jobs when `job_id` is None.
+        This submits through :meth:`execute_query_async` and waits until the
+        initial result stream is readable. It does not wait for the full query
+        to finish.
         """
-        return await self._inner.job_history(job_id)
+        submitted = await self.execute_query_async(
+            query,
+            default_namespace_path=default_namespace_path,
+        )
+        return await submitted.reader()
+
+    async def execute_query_async(
+        self,
+        query: str,
+        *,
+        default_namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+    ) -> AsyncSqlQuery:
+        """Start executing SQL and return its query handle.
+
+        The database from ``connect_async`` is used for unqualified database
+        references. The namespace defaults to ``["public"]``. Local
+        connections raise ``NotImplementedError``.
+        """
+        return AsyncSqlQuery(
+            await self._inner.execute_query_async(
+                query,
+                default_namespace_path=default_namespace_path,
+            )
+        )
+
+    async def describe_query(self, query_id: UUID) -> QueryDescription:
+        """Describe a submitted SQL query by its connection-scoped id."""
+        return await self._inner.describe_query(query_id)
 
     async def namespace_client(self) -> LanceNamespace:
         """Get the equivalent namespace client for this connection.

python/python/lancedb/exceptions.py

@@ -35,3 +35,9 @@ class JobCancelledError(RuntimeError):
     """Exception raised when an asynchronous job was cancelled."""
 
     pass
+
+
+class JobNotFoundError(ValueError):
+    """Exception raised when opening a job the server does not have."""
+
+    pass

python/python/lancedb/expr.py

@@ -249,6 +249,10 @@ class Expr:
 
     # ── utilities ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
+    def _column_name(self) -> str | None:
+        """Return the source name when this is a bare column expression."""
+        return self._inner.column_name()
+
     def to_sql(self) -> str:
         """Render the expression as a SQL string (useful for debugging)."""
         return self._inner.to_sql()
@@ -312,7 +316,7 @@ def func(name: str, *args: ExprLike) -> Expr:
     --------
     >>> from lancedb.expr import col, func
     >>> func("lower", col("name"))
-    Expr(lower(name))
+    Expr(lower(`name`))
     """
     inner_args = [_coerce(a)._inner for a in args]
     return Expr(expr_func(name, inner_args))

python/python/lancedb/index.py

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ from typing import List, Literal, Optional
 from ._lancedb import (
     IndexConfig,
 )
+from .query import DocumentGranularity
 from .types import BaseTokenizerType
 
 lang_mapping = {
@@ -121,6 +122,11 @@ class FTS:
 
     >>> config = FTS(block_size=256)
 
+    Create an index that treats each deepest-list element as one document:
+
+    >>> from lancedb.query import DocumentGranularity
+    >>> config = FTS(document_granularity=DocumentGranularity.LIST_ELEMENT)
+
     Attributes
     ----------
     with_position : bool, default False
@@ -172,6 +178,11 @@ class FTS:
         roughly half of the available CPU cores. The effective value is
         limited by the available compute capacity. This build-only setting is
         not persisted with the index and does not apply to remote tables.
+    document_granularity : DocumentGranularity, default ROW
+        ``ROW`` treats the selected text in one table row as one document.
+        ``LIST_ELEMENT`` treats each element of the deepest list on the indexed
+        field path as one document and returns its physical coordinates in
+        ``_doc_index`` for matching queries.
 
     Notes
     -----
@@ -196,6 +207,7 @@ class FTS:
     custom_stop_words: Optional[List[str]] = None
     memory_limit: Optional[int] = None
     num_workers: Optional[int] = None
+    document_granularity: DocumentGranularity = DocumentGranularity.ROW
 
 
 @dataclass

python/python/lancedb/job.py

@@ -4,15 +4,27 @@
 """Handles to operations a server may run asynchronously."""
 
 import asyncio
+import json
 from datetime import timedelta
 from typing import Any, Callable, Generic, Optional, TypeVar, cast
 
+import pyarrow as pa
+
 from lancedb.background_loop import LOOP
 
 from . import _lancedb
+from ._lancedb import JobDescription, JobFailureInfo, JobInfo
 
 T = TypeVar("T")
 
+__all__ = [
+    "AsyncJob",
+    "Job",
+    "JobDescription",
+    "JobFailureInfo",
+    "JobInfo",
+]
+
 
 class AsyncJob(Generic[T]):
     """A handle to an operation that may still be running.
@@ -78,6 +90,149 @@ class AsyncJob(Generic[T]):
             return
         await self._inner.cancel()
 
+    async def refresh(self) -> None:
+        """Ask the backend for this job's current state, and for a server-side
+        job its full record, then cache it for the properties below.
+
+        The properties are all `None` until this runs, because submitting an
+        operation returns only a job id. `status` fetches the whole record too;
+        `wait` records only the terminal state it establishes.
+        """
+        if self._inner is None:
+            return
+        await self._inner.refresh()
+
+    @property
+    def state(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        """The last observed lifecycle state, without contacting the backend.
+
+        `None` until the handle has talked to it. See :meth:`AsyncJob.refresh`.
+        """
+        if self._inner is None:
+            return "finished"
+        return self._inner._state
+
+    @property
+    def job_type(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        """The job's type, as the server names it.
+
+        `None` for an in-process job, which has no server-side record.
+        """
+        return self._field("job_type")
+
+    @property
+    def creation_ms(self) -> Optional[int]:
+        """When the job was created, in milliseconds since the epoch."""
+        return self._field("creation_ms")
+
+    @property
+    def spec(self) -> Optional[Any]:
+        """The job-type-specific specification it was submitted with."""
+        return self._field("spec")
+
+    @property
+    def result(self) -> Optional[Any]:
+        """The job-type-specific terminal result, as reported data rather than
+        the typed model :meth:`AsyncJob.wait` returns.
+
+        `None` until the job succeeds, so a job that never terminates reports
+        its progress through :meth:`AsyncJob.events` instead.
+        """
+        return self._field("result")
+
+    @property
+    def failure(self) -> Optional[JobFailureInfo]:
+        """Why the job failed, when it failed and the server reports a reason."""
+        return self._field("failure")
+
+    @property
+    def _spec_json(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        return self._field("_spec_json")
+
+    @property
+    def _result_json(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        return self._field("_result_json")
+
+    def _field(self, name: str) -> Optional[Any]:
+        description = self._inner._description if self._inner is not None else None
+        return getattr(description, name) if description is not None else None
+
+    async def events(
+        self,
+        *,
+        limit: Optional[int] = None,
+        filter: Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> "pa.Table":
+        """This job's recorded lifecycle events.
+
+        Where the properties above report a terminal result only once the job
+        reaches one, events are written as the job runs and outlive the workers
+        that produced them. A distributed job records a `claim`/`claim_complete`
+        pair per unit of work, each carrying `rows_processed`, so a job that
+        never finishes still accounts for what it did.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        limit: int, optional
+            Maximum event rows to return. The server caps results at 1000 by
+            default and 10,000 at most, and truncates without saying so, so
+            pass this for a job that emits an event per fragment.
+        filter: str, optional
+            SQL-like expression over the `state`, `updated_by`, `emitted_from`,
+            `emitted_by`, and `claim_entity` columns, such as
+            ``state = 'claim_complete'``.
+        """
+        if self._inner is None:
+            raise NotImplementedError(
+                "job event history is only available for server-side jobs"
+            )
+        return await self._inner.events(limit=limit, filter=filter)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return _job_repr("AsyncJob", self)
+
+
+_REPR_INDENT = " " * 4
+
+
+def _repr_payload(value: Any) -> str:
+    """Render a job payload as indented JSON, aligned under its field."""
+    try:
+        rendered = json.dumps(value, indent=4)
+    except TypeError:
+        return repr(value)
+    return rendered.replace("\n", "\n" + _REPR_INDENT)
+
+
+def _job_repr(kind: str, job: Any) -> str:
+    """Render every field the handle currently knows, omitting the rest.
+
+    One field per line, with the JSON payloads indented, because a refresh
+    job's spec and result are the point of printing it.
+    """
+    state = job.state
+    if state is None:
+        # Nothing has been fetched yet, so there is nothing to lay out.
+        known = f"id={job.id!r}, " if job.id is not None else ""
+        return f"{kind}({known}not refreshed)"
+
+    fields = []
+    if job.id is not None:
+        fields.append(f"id={job.id!r}")
+    fields.append(f"state={state!r}")
+    for name in ("job_type", "creation_ms"):
+        value = getattr(job, name)
+        if value is not None:
+            fields.append(f"{name}={value!r}")
+    for name in ("spec", "result"):
+        value = getattr(job, name)
+        if value is not None:
+            fields.append(f"{name}={_repr_payload(value)}")
+    if job.failure is not None:
+        fields.append(f"failure={job.failure!r}")
+    body = "".join(f"\n{_REPR_INDENT}{field}," for field in fields)
+    return f"{kind}({body}\n)"
+
 
 class Job(Generic[T]):
     """Synchronous counterpart of `AsyncJob` with the same result type."""
@@ -122,6 +277,75 @@ class Job(Generic[T]):
             return
         LOOP.run(self._inner.cancel())
 
+    def refresh(self) -> None:
+        """Ask the backend for this job's current state and record.
+
+        See :meth:`AsyncJob.refresh`.
+        """
+        if self._inner is None:
+            return
+        LOOP.run(self._inner.refresh())
+
+    @property
+    def state(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        """The last observed lifecycle state. See :attr:`AsyncJob.state`."""
+        return self._inner.state if self._inner is not None else "finished"
+
+    @property
+    def job_type(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        """The job's type. See :attr:`AsyncJob.job_type`."""
+        return self._field("job_type")
+
+    @property
+    def creation_ms(self) -> Optional[int]:
+        """When the job was created. See :attr:`AsyncJob.creation_ms`."""
+        return self._field("creation_ms")
+
+    @property
+    def spec(self) -> Optional[Any]:
+        """The job's specification. See :attr:`AsyncJob.spec`."""
+        return self._field("spec")
+
+    @property
+    def result(self) -> Optional[Any]:
+        """The job's terminal result. See :attr:`AsyncJob.result`."""
+        return self._field("result")
+
+    @property
+    def failure(self) -> Optional[JobFailureInfo]:
+        """Why the job failed. See :attr:`AsyncJob.failure`."""
+        return self._field("failure")
+
+    @property
+    def _spec_json(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        return self._field("_spec_json")
+
+    @property
+    def _result_json(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        return self._field("_result_json")
+
+    def _field(self, name: str) -> Optional[Any]:
+        return getattr(self._inner, name) if self._inner is not None else None
+
+    def events(
+        self,
+        *,
+        limit: Optional[int] = None,
+        filter: Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> "pa.Table":
+        """This job's recorded lifecycle events.
+
+        See :meth:`AsyncJob.events`.
+        """
+        if self._inner is None:
+            raise NotImplementedError(
+                "job event history is only available for server-side jobs"
+            )
+        return LOOP.run(self._inner.events(limit=limit, filter=filter))
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return _job_repr("Job", self)
+
 
 def _typed_job(
     inner: "_lancedb.Job", result_decoder: Callable[[str], T]

python/python/lancedb/materialized_view.py

@@ -42,6 +42,8 @@ class MaterializedViewDefinition:
     """Cap on the number of rows the view holds."""
     inputs: List[str] = field(default_factory=list)
     """Source columns the projections and filter read."""
+    source_namespace: List[str] = field(default_factory=list)
+    """Namespace holding the source table; empty is the root namespace."""
 
 
 def _definition_from_schema(
@@ -53,7 +55,8 @@ def _definition_from_schema(
         raise ValueError(f"Table '{name}' is not a materialized view")
     value = json.loads(raw)
     kind = value.get("kind")
-    if kind != "select":
+    # "namespaced_select" keeps older readers from resolving the source at root.
+    if kind not in ("select", "namespaced_select"):
         raise NotImplementedError(
             f"materialized view '{name}' is defined by '{kind}', which this "
             "version of lancedb cannot refresh"
@@ -66,6 +69,7 @@ def _definition_from_schema(
         filter=value.get("filter"),
         limit=value.get("limit"),
         inputs=value.get("inputs", []),
+        source_namespace=value.get("source_namespace", []),
     )
 
 

python/python/lancedb/namespace.py

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 
 import sys
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Dict, Iterable, List, Optional, Union
+from uuid import UUID
 
 if sys.version_info >= (3, 12):
     from typing import override
@@ -48,8 +49,11 @@ from lancedb._lancedb import (
     connect_namespace_client as _connect_namespace_client,
 )
 from lancedb.background_loop import LOOP
+from lancedb.arrow import AsyncRecordBatchReader
 from lancedb.db import AsyncConnection, DBConnection
 from lancedb.job import AsyncJob, Job
+from lancedb.sql import AsyncQuery as AsyncSqlQuery
+from lancedb.sql import QueryDescription
 from lance_namespace import (
     LanceNamespace,
     connect as namespace_connect,
@@ -1447,6 +1451,37 @@ class AsyncLanceNamespaceDBConnection:
             namespace_path=namespace_path, page_token=page_token, limit=limit
         )
 
+    async def execute_query(
+        self,
+        query: str,
+        *,
+        default_namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+    ) -> AsyncRecordBatchReader:
+        """Execute SQL when supported by the underlying connection."""
+        return await self._inner.execute_query(
+            query,
+            default_namespace_path=default_namespace_path,
+        )
+
+    async def execute_query_async(
+        self,
+        query: str,
+        *,
+        default_namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+    ) -> AsyncSqlQuery:
+        """Start executing SQL when supported by the underlying connection.
+
+        Namespace-backed local connections do not support SQL.
+        """
+        return await self._inner.execute_query_async(
+            query,
+            default_namespace_path=default_namespace_path,
+        )
+
+    async def describe_query(self, query_id: UUID) -> QueryDescription:
+        """Describe a submitted SQL query when supported."""
+        return await self._inner.describe_query(query_id)
+
     async def namespace_client(self) -> LanceNamespace:
         """Get the namespace client for this connection.
 

python/python/lancedb/permutation.py

@@ -391,6 +391,15 @@ def _table_to_pickle_state(table: Table) -> dict[str, Any]:
     }
 
 
+def _drop_base_version(permutation_data: pa.Table) -> pa.Table:
+    """Strip the recorded base version so the reader leaves the base table unpinned."""
+    metadata = dict(permutation_data.schema.metadata or {})
+    if metadata.pop(b"base_version", None) is None:
+        return permutation_data
+    metadata.pop(b"base_branch", None)
+    return permutation_data.replace_schema_metadata(metadata)
+
+
 def _table_from_pickle_state(state: dict[str, Any]) -> Table:
     from . import connect
 
@@ -679,11 +688,15 @@ class Permutation:
         from . import connect
 
         connection_factory = state["connection_factory"]
+        rebuilt_base = False
         if connection_factory is not None:
             base_table = connection_factory(state["base_table_name"])
         elif "base_table_state" in state:
-            base_table = _table_from_pickle_state(state["base_table_state"])
+            base_state = state["base_table_state"]
+            rebuilt_base = base_state["kind"] == "memory"
+            base_table = _table_from_pickle_state(base_state)
         elif "base_table_data" in state:
+            rebuilt_base = True
             # In-memory base table inlined into the pickle; rebuild the same
             # way we rebuild the in-memory permutation table.
             mem_db = connect("memory://")
@@ -701,11 +714,14 @@ class Permutation:
             )
 
         permutation_table: Optional[Table] = None
-        if state["permutation_data"] is not None:
+        permutation_data = state["permutation_data"]
+        if permutation_data is not None:
+            if rebuilt_base:
+                # The base table was materialized from Arrow, so it is a fresh
+                # single-version dataset and the recorded pin cannot resolve on it.
+                permutation_data = _drop_base_version(permutation_data)
             mem_db = connect("memory://")
-            permutation_table = mem_db.create_table(
+            permutation_table = mem_db.create_table("permutation", permutation_data)
-                "permutation", state["permutation_data"]
-            )
 
         self.base_table = base_table
         self.permutation_table = permutation_table

python/python/lancedb/query.py

@@ -109,6 +109,7 @@ def _query_is_plain_scan(query: Query) -> bool:
     return (
         query.vector is None
         and query.full_text_query is None
+        and query.take_offsets is None
         and not query.postfilter
         and not query.order_by
     )
@@ -167,6 +168,12 @@ def _projection_to_scanner_kwargs(columns: QueryProjection) -> Dict[str, Any]:
     return {"columns": projection}
 
 
+def _query_request_projection(req: "PyQueryRequest") -> QueryProjection:
+    if req.select_source_columns is not None:
+        return req.select_source_columns
+    return req.select
+
+
 def _scanner_kwargs_for_query(
     query: Query,
     blob_mode: BlobMode,
@@ -375,6 +382,13 @@ class FullTextOperator(str, Enum):
     OR = "OR"
 
 
+class DocumentGranularity(str, Enum):
+    """The unit treated as one full-text-search document."""
+
+    ROW = "row"
+    LIST_ELEMENT = "list_element"
+
+
 class Occur(str, Enum):
     SHOULD = "SHOULD"
     MUST = "MUST"
@@ -478,6 +492,10 @@ class MatchQuery(FullTextQuery):
     prefix_length : int, optional
         The number of beginning characters being unchanged for fuzzy matching.
         This is useful to achieve prefix matching.
+    document_granularity : DocumentGranularity, optional
+        Explicitly select row or deepest-list-element documents. If omitted,
+        the indexed granularity is inferred. When both granularities are indexed
+        for the field, this must be specified. With no index, row granularity is used.
     """
 
     query: str
@@ -487,6 +505,9 @@ class MatchQuery(FullTextQuery):
     max_expansions: int = pydantic.Field(50, kw_only=True)
     operator: FullTextOperator = pydantic.Field(FullTextOperator.OR, kw_only=True)
     prefix_length: int = pydantic.Field(0, kw_only=True)
+    document_granularity: Optional[DocumentGranularity] = pydantic.Field(
+        None, kw_only=True
+    )
 
     def query_type(self) -> FullTextQueryType:
         return FullTextQueryType.MATCH
@@ -503,11 +524,20 @@ class PhraseQuery(FullTextQuery):
         The query string to match against.
     column : str
         The name of the column to match against.
+    slop : int, default 0
+        The maximum number of intervening positions permitted in the phrase.
+    document_granularity : DocumentGranularity, optional
+        Explicitly select row or deepest-list-element documents. If omitted,
+        the indexed granularity is inferred. When both granularities are indexed
+        for the field, this must be specified. With no index, row granularity is used.
     """
 
     query: str
     column: str
     slop: int = pydantic.Field(0, kw_only=True)
+    document_granularity: Optional[DocumentGranularity] = pydantic.Field(
+        None, kw_only=True
+    )
 
     def query_type(self) -> FullTextQueryType:
         return FullTextQueryType.MATCH_PHRASE
@@ -775,6 +805,10 @@ class Query(pydantic.BaseModel):
     # offset to start fetching results from
     offset: Optional[int] = None
 
+    # Dataset offsets whose duplicate occurrences must be restored after lookup.
+    # This is populated when a take query is converted to this serializable form.
+    take_offsets: Optional[List[int]] = None
+
     # if true, will only search the indexed data
     fast_search: Optional[bool] = None
 
@@ -796,6 +830,7 @@ class Query(pydantic.BaseModel):
         query = cls()
         query.limit = req.limit
         query.offset = req.offset
+        query.take_offsets = req.take_offsets
         query.filter = req.filter
         query.full_text_query = req.full_text_search
         query.columns = req.select
@@ -2776,15 +2811,16 @@ class AsyncQueryBase(object):
 
         req = self._inner.to_query_request()
         schema = await self._table.schema()
+        projection = _query_request_projection(req)
         self._blob_auto_row_id = blob_auto_row_id_for_scan(
             schema,
-            req.select,
+            projection,
             with_row_id=self._with_row_id,
         )
         if not self._blob_auto_row_id:
             self._blob_paths = ()
             return
-        self._blob_paths = tuple(blob_v2_projection_sources(schema, req.select).keys())
+        self._blob_paths = tuple(blob_v2_projection_sources(schema, projection).keys())
         self._inner.with_row_id()
 
     def select(self, columns: Union[List[str], dict[str, str]]) -> Self:
@@ -3378,9 +3414,10 @@ class AsyncQuery(AsyncStandardQuery):
         pass in multiple vectors. When multiple vectors are passed in, if the vector
         column is with multivector type, then the vectors will be treated as a single
         query. Or the vectors will be treated as multiple queries, this can be useful
-        if you want to find the nearest vectors to multiple query vectors.
+        if you want to find the nearest vectors to multiple query vectors. Flat
-        This is not expected to be faster than making multiple queries concurrently;
+        searches share one table scan across the query vectors, avoiding the scan
-        it is just a convenience method. If multiple vectors are passed in then
+        and memory amplification of making multiple queries concurrently. If
+        multiple vectors are passed in then
         an additional column `query_index` will be added to the results. This column
         will contain the index of the query vector that the result is nearest to.
         """
@@ -3509,8 +3546,8 @@ class AsyncFTSQuery(AsyncStandardQuery):
 
         Typically, a single vector is passed in as the query. However, you can also
         pass in multiple vectors.  This can be useful if you want to find the nearest
-        vectors to multiple query vectors. This is not expected to be faster than
+        vectors to multiple query vectors. Flat searches share one table scan across
-        making multiple queries concurrently; it is just a convenience method.
+        the query vectors instead of issuing concurrent full scans.
         If multiple vectors are passed in then an additional column `query_index`
         will be added to the results.  This column will contain the index of the
         query vector that the result is nearest to.
@@ -3870,14 +3907,15 @@ class AsyncHybridQuery(AsyncStandardQuery, AsyncVectorQueryBase):
         blob_paths: tuple[str, ...] = ()
         if self._table is not None:
             schema = await self._table.schema()
+            projection = _query_request_projection(req)
             blob_auto_row_id = blob_auto_row_id_for_scan(
                 schema,
-                req.select,
+                projection,
                 with_row_id=self._with_row_id,
             )
             if blob_auto_row_id:
                 blob_paths = tuple(
-                    blob_v2_projection_sources(schema, req.select).keys()
+                    blob_v2_projection_sources(schema, projection).keys()
                 )
         self._blob_auto_row_id = blob_auto_row_id
         self._blob_paths = blob_paths

python/python/lancedb/remote/db.py

@@ -7,8 +7,18 @@ import json
 import logging
 from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor
 import sys
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Dict, Iterable, List, Optional, Union
+from typing import (
+    TYPE_CHECKING,
+    Any,
+    Dict,
+    Iterable,
+    List,
+    Optional,
+    Sequence,
+    Union,
+)
 from urllib.parse import urlparse
+from uuid import UUID
 import warnings
 
 if sys.version_info >= (3, 12):
@@ -25,10 +35,13 @@ from ..common import DATA
 from ..db import DBConnection, LOOP
 from ..functions import FunctionVersion, UdfDefinition
 from ..job import AsyncJob, Job
+from ..sql import Query as SqlQuery
+from ..sql import QueryDescription
 from ..materialized_view import MaterializedView, SelectArg
+from ..secrets import EnvVarSecret, SecretInfo
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
-    from .._lancedb import JobDescription, JobInfo
+    from .._lancedb import JobInfo
 from ..embeddings import EmbeddingFunctionConfig
 from lance_namespace import (
     LanceNamespace,
@@ -116,6 +129,7 @@ class RemoteDBConnection(DBConnection):
         read_timeout: Optional[float] = None,
         storage_options: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None,
         read_consistency_interval: Optional[timedelta] = None,
+        sql_host_override: Optional[str] = None,
     ):
         """Connect to a remote LanceDB database."""
         if isinstance(client_config, dict):
@@ -161,6 +175,7 @@ class RemoteDBConnection(DBConnection):
         self.api_key = api_key
         self.region = region
         self.host_override = host_override
+        self.sql_host_override = sql_host_override
         self.storage_options = storage_options
         self.db_name = parsed.netloc
 
@@ -175,6 +190,7 @@ class RemoteDBConnection(DBConnection):
                 api_key=api_key,
                 region=region,
                 host_override=host_override,
+                sql_host_override=sql_host_override,
                 client_config=client_config,
                 storage_options=storage_options,
                 read_consistency_interval=read_consistency_interval,
@@ -193,6 +209,7 @@ class RemoteDBConnection(DBConnection):
                 "api_key": self.api_key,
                 "region": self.region,
                 "host_override": self.host_override,
+                "sql_host_override": self.sql_host_override,
                 "client_config": _client_config_to_dict(self.client_config),
                 "storage_options": self.storage_options,
             }
@@ -732,36 +749,59 @@ class RemoteDBConnection(DBConnection):
         )
 
     @override
-    def job(self, job_id: str) -> Job:
+    def open_job(self, job_id: str) -> Job:
-        """A [Job][lancedb.job.Job] handle for a server-side job by id.
+        """Open a server-side job by id. See
-
+        [DBConnection.open_job][lancedb.db.DBConnection.open_job].
-        The handle is constructed without a server round trip; an unknown id
-        surfaces when the handle is used. Dropping the handle has no effect
-        on the job itself.
         """
-        return Job(self._conn.job(job_id))
+        return Job(LOOP.run(self._conn.open_job(job_id)))
 
     @override
-    def create_function_async(self, definition: UdfDefinition) -> Job[FunctionVersion]:
+    def create_function_async(
-        return Job(LOOP.run(self._conn.create_function_async(definition)))
+        self,
+        definition: UdfDefinition,
+        *,
+        secrets: Optional[Sequence[EnvVarSecret]] = None,
+    ) -> Job[FunctionVersion]:
+        job = LOOP.run(self._conn.create_function_async(definition, secrets=secrets))
+        return Job(job)
 
     @override
     def get_function(self, name: str, *, version: str) -> FunctionVersion:
         return LOOP.run(self._conn.get_function(name, version=version))
 
+    @override
+    def list_functions(self) -> List[FunctionVersion]:
+        return LOOP.run(self._conn.list_functions())
+
+    @override
+    def drop_function(self, name: str, *, version: str) -> bool:
+        return LOOP.run(self._conn.drop_function(name, version=version))
+
+    @override
+    def create_secret(self, name: str, value: str) -> None:
+        LOOP.run(self._conn.create_secret(name, value))
+
+    @override
+    def alter_secret(self, name: str, value: str) -> None:
+        LOOP.run(self._conn.alter_secret(name, value))
+
+    @override
+    def describe_secret(self, name: str) -> SecretInfo:
+        return LOOP.run(self._conn.describe_secret(name))
+
+    @override
+    def list_secrets(self) -> List[str]:
+        return LOOP.run(self._conn.list_secrets())
+
+    @override
+    def drop_secret(self, name: str) -> None:
+        LOOP.run(self._conn.drop_secret(name))
+
     @override
     def list_jobs(self) -> List["JobInfo"]:
         """List server-side jobs across the database's tables."""
         return LOOP.run(self._conn.list_jobs())
 
-    @override
-    def get_job(self, job_id: str) -> Optional["JobDescription"]:
-        """Describe a single server-side job by id.
-
-        Returns None when the server has no such job.
-        """
-        return LOOP.run(self._conn.get_job(job_id))
-
     @override
     def cancel_job(self, job_id: str) -> bool:
         """Request cancellation of a server-side job by id.
@@ -773,12 +813,35 @@ class RemoteDBConnection(DBConnection):
         return LOOP.run(self._conn.cancel_job(job_id))
 
     @override
-    def job_history(self, job_id: Optional[str] = None) -> List[pa.RecordBatch]:
+    def execute_query_async(
-        """The lifecycle event history of a server-side job, as Arrow batches.
+        self,
+        query: str,
+        *,
+        default_namespace_path: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+    ) -> SqlQuery:
+        """Start executing SQL through this remote connection.
 
-        Lists history across all jobs when `job_id` is None.
+        Unqualified tables use this connection's database and the
+        ``["public"]`` namespace by default. Fully qualified table names may
+        reference other databases available to the same deployment.
         """
-        return LOOP.run(self._conn.job_history(job_id))
+        return SqlQuery(
+            LOOP.run(
+                self._conn.execute_query_async(
+                    query,
+                    default_namespace_path=default_namespace_path,
+                )
+            )
+        )
+
+    @override
+    def describe_query(self, query_id: UUID) -> QueryDescription:
+        """Describe a submitted SQL query by its connection-scoped id."""
+        return LOOP.run(
+            self._conn.describe_query(
+                query_id,
+            )
+        )
 
     @override
     def namespace_client(self) -> LanceNamespace:

python/python/lancedb/remote/header.py

@@ -177,4 +177,7 @@ class OAuthProvider(HeaderProvider):
         if not self._current_token:
             raise RuntimeError("Failed to obtain OAuth token")
 
-        return {"Authorization": f"Bearer {self._current_token}"}
+        return {
+            "Authorization": f"Bearer {self._current_token}",
+            "x-lancedb-credential-type": "oidc",
+        }

python/python/lancedb/remote/table.py

@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ from lancedb._lancedb import (
     UpdateResult,
 )
 from lancedb.embeddings.base import EmbeddingFunctionConfig
+from lancedb.expr import Expr
 from lancedb.index import (
     FTS,
     BTree,
@@ -61,11 +62,20 @@ from lancedb.table import _normalize_progress
 
 from ..query import (
     AnalyzePlanDistributedMetrics,
+    DocumentGranularity,
     LanceQueryBuilder,
     LanceTakeQueryBuilder,
     LanceVectorQueryBuilder,
 )
-from ..table import AsyncTable, BlobMode, Branches, IndexStatistics, Query, Table, Tags
+from ..table import (
+    AsyncTable,
+    BlobMode,
+    Branches,
+    IndexStatistics,
+    Query,
+    Table,
+    Tags,
+)
 from ..types import BaseTokenizerType
 
 
@@ -349,6 +359,7 @@ class RemoteTable(Table):
         ngram_max_length: int = 3,
         prefix_only: bool = False,
         block_size: int = 128,
+        document_granularity: DocumentGranularity = DocumentGranularity.ROW,
         name: Optional[str] = None,
     ):
         """Create a full-text search index on a column.
@@ -371,6 +382,7 @@ class RemoteTable(Table):
             ngram_max_length=ngram_max_length,
             prefix_only=prefix_only,
             block_size=block_size,
+            document_granularity=document_granularity,
         )
         LOOP.run(
             self._table.create_index(
@@ -536,6 +548,7 @@ class RemoteTable(Table):
         LOOP.run(
             self._table.create_index(
                 column,
+                replace=replace,
                 config=config,
                 wait_timeout=wait_timeout,
                 name=name,
@@ -610,6 +623,7 @@ class RemoteTable(Table):
         fill_value: float = 0.0,
         progress: Optional[Union[bool, Callable, Any]] = None,
         write_parallelism: Optional[int] = None,
+        allow_external_blob_outside_bases: bool = False,
     ) -> AddResult:
         """Add more data to the [Table][lancedb.table.Table].
 
@@ -642,6 +656,8 @@ class RemoteTable(Table):
             data in flight. Defaults to an estimate based on the data size,
             capped at the number of CPU cores. Lower this if bulk ingestion is
             using too much memory.
+        allow_external_blob_outside_bases: bool, default False
+            Not supported on LanceDB Cloud. Setting this raises.
 
         Returns
         -------
@@ -658,6 +674,7 @@ class RemoteTable(Table):
                     fill_value=fill_value,
                     progress=progress,
                     write_parallelism=write_parallelism,
+                    allow_external_blob_outside_bases=allow_external_blob_outside_bases,
                 )
             )
         finally:
@@ -856,7 +873,7 @@ class RemoteTable(Table):
 
     def update(
         self,
-        where: Optional[str] = None,
+        where: Optional[Union[str, Expr]] = None,
         values: Optional[dict] = None,
         *,
         values_sql: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None,
@@ -867,9 +884,11 @@ class RemoteTable(Table):
 
         Parameters
         ----------
-        where: str, optional
+        where: str or [Expr][lancedb.expr.Expr], optional
-            The SQL where clause to use when updating rows. For example, 'x = 2'
+            The filter condition. Can be a SQL string or a type-safe
-            or 'x IN (1, 2, 3)'. The filter must not be empty, or it will error.
+            [Expr][lancedb.expr.Expr] built with [col][lancedb.expr.col] and
+            [lit][lancedb.expr.lit]. The filter must not be empty, or it will
+            error.
         values: dict, optional
             The values to update. The keys are the column names and the values
             are the values to set.

python/python/lancedb/schema.py

@@ -4,30 +4,34 @@
 
 """Schema helpers for Lance blob columns."""
 
+import importlib
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
 import pyarrow as pa
+import pyarrow.ipc
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from lance.blob import BlobType as BlobType
 
 _BLOB_EXTENSION_NAME = "lance.blob.v2"
 _BLOB_V1_KEY = "lance-encoding:blob"
 _ARROW_EXT_NAME_KEY = "ARROW:extension:name"
+_BLOB_V2_STORAGE_TYPE = pa.struct(
+    [
+        pa.field("data", pa.large_binary(), nullable=True),
+        pa.field("uri", pa.utf8(), nullable=True),
+        pa.field("position", pa.uint64(), nullable=True),
+        pa.field("size", pa.uint64(), nullable=True),
+    ]
+)
+_resolved_blob_type = None
 
 
-class BlobType(pa.ExtensionType):
+class _FallbackBlobType(pa.ExtensionType):
-    """PyArrow extension type for a Lance blob v2 column.
+    """lance.blob.v2 extension type used when pylance is not installed."""
-
-    Queries return descriptors; call :meth:`~lancedb.table.Table.fetch_blob_files`
-    for lazy reads or :meth:`~lancedb.table.Table.fetch_blobs` for eager bytes.
-    """
 
     def __init__(self) -> None:
-        storage_type = pa.struct(
+        pa.ExtensionType.__init__(self, _BLOB_V2_STORAGE_TYPE, _BLOB_EXTENSION_NAME)
-            [
-                pa.field("data", pa.large_binary(), nullable=True),
-                pa.field("uri", pa.utf8(), nullable=True),
-                pa.field("position", pa.uint64(), nullable=True),
-                pa.field("size", pa.uint64(), nullable=True),
-            ]
-        )
-        super().__init__(storage_type, _BLOB_EXTENSION_NAME)
 
     def __arrow_ext_serialize__(self) -> bytes:
         return b""
@@ -35,23 +39,16 @@ class BlobType(pa.ExtensionType):
     @classmethod
     def __arrow_ext_deserialize__(
         cls, storage_type: pa.DataType, serialized: bytes
-    ) -> "BlobType":
+    ) -> "_FallbackBlobType":
         return cls()
 
     def __reduce__(self):
-        # Ensure pickle round-trips on older pyarrow (apache/arrow#35599).
         return type(self).__arrow_ext_deserialize__, (
             self.storage_type,
             self.__arrow_ext_serialize__(),
         )
 
 
-try:
-    pa.register_extension_type(BlobType())  # type: ignore[arg-type]
-except pa.ArrowKeyError:
-    pass
-
-
 def _metadata_value(metadata: dict, key: str):
     return metadata.get(key.encode()) or metadata.get(key)
 
@@ -92,43 +89,105 @@ def is_blob_like_field(field: pa.Field) -> bool:
     return is_blob_v2_field(field) or _metadata_marks_legacy_blob(field.metadata or {})
 
 
-def _collect_blob_paths(schema: pa.Schema, is_blob) -> list[str]:
+def _collect_blob_paths(schema: pa.Schema, is_blob) -> list[tuple[str, bool]]:
-    paths: list[str] = []
+    """Walk the schema and return (path, has_list_ancestor) for each blob field."""
+    paths: list[tuple[str, bool]] = []
 
-    def walk(fields, prefix: str) -> None:
+    def walk(fields, prefix: str, has_list_ancestor: bool) -> None:
         for field in fields:
             path = f"{prefix}.{field.name}" if prefix else field.name
             if is_blob(field):
-                paths.append(path)
+                paths.append((path, has_list_ancestor))
             elif pa.types.is_struct(field.type):
-                walk(field.type, path)
+                walk(field.type, path, has_list_ancestor)
             elif (
                 pa.types.is_list(field.type)
                 or pa.types.is_large_list(field.type)
                 or pa.types.is_fixed_size_list(field.type)
             ):
-                walk([field.type.value_field], path)
+                walk([field.type.value_field], path, True)
 
-    walk(schema, "")
+    walk(schema, "", False)
     return paths
 
 
 def blob_column_paths(schema: pa.Schema) -> list[str]:
     """Dotted paths of blob-like columns (v2 extension or legacy metadata)."""
-    return _collect_blob_paths(schema, is_blob_like_field)
+    return [path for path, _ in _collect_blob_paths(schema, is_blob_like_field)]
 
 
 def blob_v2_column_paths(schema: pa.Schema) -> list[str]:
-    return _collect_blob_paths(schema, is_blob_v2_field)
+    return [path for path, _ in _collect_blob_paths(schema, is_blob_v2_field)]
+
+
+def row_addressable_blob_v2_paths(schema: pa.Schema) -> list[str]:
+    """Blob v2 paths with one blob addressable by table row id.
+
+    ``fetch_blobs`` and the descriptor row-id ride-along address one blob per
+    row, so a blob inside a list container has no row-id slot and no fetch
+    path. Those columns still store and query as raw descriptors.
+    """
+    return [
+        path
+        for path, has_list_ancestor in _collect_blob_paths(schema, is_blob_v2_field)
+        if not has_list_ancestor
+    ]
 
 
 def schema_has_blob_field(schema: pa.Schema) -> bool:
     return bool(blob_column_paths(schema))
 
 
+def _deserialize_registered_type(extension_type: pa.ExtensionType) -> pa.DataType:
+    """Return the type Arrow reconstructs for this extension name."""
+    schema = pa.schema([pa.field("value", extension_type)])
+    restored = pa.ipc.read_schema(schema.serialize())
+    return restored.field("value").type
+
+
+def _resolve_blob_type():
+    """Return the BlobType class this process should use.
+
+    pylance's class when it owns the lance.blob.v2 registry entry,
+    otherwise LanceDB's fallback. A different registered class is an error.
+    """
+    global _resolved_blob_type
+    if _resolved_blob_type is not None:
+        return _resolved_blob_type
+    try:
+        blob_module = importlib.import_module("lance.blob")
+    except ModuleNotFoundError as err:
+        if err.name not in ("lance", "lance.blob"):
+            raise
+    else:
+        blob_type = getattr(blob_module, "BlobType", None)
+        if blob_type is not None:
+            registered_type = _deserialize_registered_type(blob_type())
+            if type(registered_type) is not blob_type:
+                registered_cls = type(registered_type)
+                raise ValueError(
+                    "lance.blob.v2 is already registered by "
+                    f"{registered_cls.__module__}.{registered_cls.__qualname__}"
+                )
+            _resolved_blob_type = blob_type
+            return blob_type
+    try:
+        pa.register_extension_type(_FallbackBlobType())  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+    except pa.ArrowKeyError as err:
+        raise ValueError(
+            "lance.blob.v2 is already registered by another extension class"
+        ) from err
+    _resolved_blob_type = _FallbackBlobType
+    return _resolved_blob_type
+
+
 def blob(name: str, nullable: bool = True) -> pa.Field:
-    """Create a Lance blob v2 column field."""
+    """Create a Lance blob v2 column field.
-    return pa.field(name, BlobType(), nullable=nullable)
+
+    When pylance is installed this is ``lance.blob.BlobType``.
+    """
+    blob_type = _resolve_blob_type()
+    return pa.field(name, blob_type(), nullable=nullable)
 
 
 def vector(dimension: int, value_type: pa.DataType = pa.float32()) -> pa.DataType:
@@ -155,3 +214,11 @@ def vector(dimension: int, value_type: pa.DataType = pa.float32()) -> pa.DataTyp
     ... ])
     """
     return pa.list_(value_type, dimension)
+
+
+def __getattr__(name: str):
+    if name == "BlobType":
+        blob_type = _resolve_blob_type()
+        globals()["BlobType"] = blob_type
+        return blob_type
+    raise AttributeError(f"module {__name__!r} has no attribute {name!r}")