abstract out listen-accept loops

The prefetch-queue hash table uses a BufferTag struct as the hash key,
and it's hashed using hash_bytes(). It's important that all the padding
bytes in the key are cleared, because hash_bytes() will include them.

I was getting compiler warnings like this on v14 and v15, when compiling
with -Warray-bounds:

    In function ‘prfh_lookup_hash_internal’,
inlined from ‘prfh_lookup’ at
pg_install/v14/include/postgresql/server/lib/simplehash.h:821:9,
inlined from ‘neon_read_at_lsnv’ at pgxn/neon/pagestore_smgr.c:2789:11,
inlined from ‘neon_read_at_lsn’ at pgxn/neon/pagestore_smgr.c:2904:2:
pg_install/v14/include/postgresql/server/storage/relfilenode.h:90:43:
warning: array subscript ‘PrefetchRequest[0]’ is partly outside array
bounds of ‘BufferTag[1]’ {aka ‘struct buftag[1]’} [-Warray-bounds]
       89 |         ((node1).relNode == (node2).relNode && \
          |         ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
       90 |          (node1).dbNode == (node2).dbNode && \
          |          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^~~~
       91 |          (node1).spcNode == (node2).spcNode)
          |          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
pg_install/v14/include/postgresql/server/storage/buf_internals.h:116:9:
note: in expansion of macro ‘RelFileNodeEquals’
      116 |         RelFileNodeEquals((a).rnode, (b).rnode) && \
          |         ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
pgxn/neon/neon_pgversioncompat.h:25:31: note: in expansion of macro
‘BUFFERTAGS_EQUAL’
       25 | #define BufferTagsEqual(a, b) BUFFERTAGS_EQUAL(*(a), *(b))
          |                               ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
pgxn/neon/pagestore_smgr.c:220:34: note: in expansion of macro
‘BufferTagsEqual’
220 | #define SH_EQUAL(tb, a, b) (BufferTagsEqual(&(a)->buftag,
&(b)->buftag))
          |                                  ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
pg_install/v14/include/postgresql/server/lib/simplehash.h:280:77: note:
in expansion of macro ‘SH_EQUAL’
280 | #define SH_COMPARE_KEYS(tb, ahash, akey, b) (ahash ==
SH_GET_HASH(tb, b) && SH_EQUAL(tb, b->SH_KEY, akey))
| ^~~~~~~~
pg_install/v14/include/postgresql/server/lib/simplehash.h:799:21: note:
in expansion of macro ‘SH_COMPARE_KEYS’
      799 |                 if (SH_COMPARE_KEYS(tb, hash, key, entry))
          |                     ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    pgxn/neon/pagestore_smgr.c: In function ‘neon_read_at_lsn’:
    pgxn/neon/pagestore_smgr.c:2742:25: note: object ‘buftag’ of size 20
     2742 |         BufferTag       buftag = {0};
          |                         ^~~~~~

This commit silences those warnings, although it's not clear to me why
the compiler complained like that in the first place. I found the issue
with padding bytes while looking into those warnings, but that was
coincidental, I don't think the padding bytes explain the warnings as
such.

In v16, the BUFFERTAGS_EQUAL macro was replaced with a static inline
function, and that also silences the compiler warning. Not clear to me
why.

.github/workflows/_benchmarking_preparation.yml

@@ -3,19 +3,23 @@ name: Prepare benchmarking databases by restoring dumps
 on:
   workflow_call:
     # no inputs needed
-    
+
 defaults:
   run:
     shell: bash -euxo pipefail {0}
 
 jobs:
   setup-databases:
+    permissions:
+      contents: write
+      statuses: write
+      id-token: write # aws-actions/configure-aws-credentials
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
-        platform: [ aws-rds-postgres, aws-aurora-serverless-v2-postgres, neon ] 
+        platform: [ aws-rds-postgres, aws-aurora-serverless-v2-postgres, neon ]
         database: [ clickbench, tpch, userexample ]
-  
+
     env:
       LD_LIBRARY_PATH: /tmp/neon/pg_install/v16/lib
       PLATFORM: ${{ matrix.platform }}
@@ -23,7 +27,10 @@ jobs:
 
     runs-on: [ self-hosted, us-east-2, x64 ]
     container:
-      image: 369495373322.dkr.ecr.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/build-tools:pinned
+      image: neondatabase/build-tools:pinned
+      credentials:
+        username: ${{ secrets.NEON_DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
+        password: ${{ secrets.NEON_DOCKERHUB_PASSWORD }}
       options: --init
 
     steps:
@@ -32,13 +39,13 @@ jobs:
       run: |
         case "${PLATFORM}" in
           neon)
-            CONNSTR=${{ secrets.BENCHMARK_CAPTEST_CONNSTR }} 
+            CONNSTR=${{ secrets.BENCHMARK_CAPTEST_CONNSTR }}
             ;;
           aws-rds-postgres)
-            CONNSTR=${{ secrets.BENCHMARK_RDS_POSTGRES_CONNSTR }} 
+            CONNSTR=${{ secrets.BENCHMARK_RDS_POSTGRES_CONNSTR }}
             ;;
           aws-aurora-serverless-v2-postgres)
-            CONNSTR=${{ secrets.BENCHMARK_RDS_AURORA_CONNSTR }} 
+            CONNSTR=${{ secrets.BENCHMARK_RDS_AURORA_CONNSTR }}
             ;;
           *)
             echo >&2 "Unknown PLATFORM=${PLATFORM}"
@@ -46,10 +53,17 @@ jobs:
             ;;
         esac
 
-        echo "connstr=${CONNSTR}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT  
+        echo "connstr=${CONNSTR}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
 
     - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
+    - name: Configure AWS credentials
+      uses: aws-actions/configure-aws-credentials@v4
+      with:
+        aws-region: eu-central-1
+        role-to-assume: ${{ vars.DEV_AWS_OIDC_ROLE_ARN }}
+        role-duration-seconds: 18000 # 5 hours
+
     - name: Download Neon artifact
       uses: ./.github/actions/download
       with:
@@ -57,23 +71,23 @@ jobs:
         path: /tmp/neon/
         prefix: latest
 
-    # we create a table that has one row for each database that we want to restore with the status whether the restore is done    
+    # we create a table that has one row for each database that we want to restore with the status whether the restore is done
     - name: Create benchmark_restore_status table if it does not exist
       env:
         BENCHMARK_CONNSTR: ${{ steps.set-up-prep-connstr.outputs.connstr }}
         DATABASE_NAME: ${{ matrix.database }}
-      # to avoid a race condition of multiple jobs trying to create the table at the same time, 
+      # to avoid a race condition of multiple jobs trying to create the table at the same time,
       # we use an advisory lock
       run: |
         ${PG_BINARIES}/psql "${{ env.BENCHMARK_CONNSTR }}" -c "
-        SELECT pg_advisory_lock(4711);  
+        SELECT pg_advisory_lock(4711);
         CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS benchmark_restore_status (
         databasename text primary key,
         restore_done boolean
         );
         SELECT pg_advisory_unlock(4711);
         "
-    
+
     - name: Check if restore is already done
       id: check-restore-done
       env:
@@ -107,7 +121,7 @@ jobs:
         DATABASE_NAME: ${{ matrix.database }}
       run: |
         mkdir -p /tmp/dumps
-        aws s3 cp s3://neon-github-dev/performance/pgdumps/$DATABASE_NAME/$DATABASE_NAME.pg_dump /tmp/dumps/ 
+        aws s3 cp s3://neon-github-dev/performance/pgdumps/$DATABASE_NAME/$DATABASE_NAME.pg_dump /tmp/dumps/
 
     - name: Replace database name in connection string
       if: steps.check-restore-done.outputs.skip != 'true'
@@ -126,17 +140,17 @@ jobs:
         else
           new_connstr="${base_connstr}/${DATABASE_NAME}"
         fi
-        echo "database_connstr=${new_connstr}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT  
+        echo "database_connstr=${new_connstr}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
 
     - name: Restore dump
       if: steps.check-restore-done.outputs.skip != 'true'
       env:
         DATABASE_NAME: ${{ matrix.database }}
         DATABASE_CONNSTR: ${{ steps.replace-dbname.outputs.database_connstr }}
-        # the following works only with larger computes: 
+        # the following works only with larger computes:
         # PGOPTIONS: "-c maintenance_work_mem=8388608 -c max_parallel_maintenance_workers=7"
         # we add the || true because:
-        # the dumps were created with Neon and contain neon extensions that are not 
+        # the dumps were created with Neon and contain neon extensions that are not
         # available in RDS, so we will always report an error, but we can ignore it
       run: |
         ${PG_BINARIES}/pg_restore --clean --if-exists --no-owner --jobs=4 \

.github/workflows/_build-and-test-locally.yml

@@ -236,9 +236,7 @@ jobs:
 
           # run pageserver tests with different settings
           for io_engine in std-fs tokio-epoll-uring ; do
-            for io_buffer_alignment in 0 1 512 ; do
-              NEON_PAGESERVER_UNIT_TEST_VIRTUAL_FILE_IOENGINE=$io_engine NEON_PAGESERVER_UNIT_TEST_IO_BUFFER_ALIGNMENT=$io_buffer_alignment ${cov_prefix} cargo nextest run $CARGO_FLAGS $CARGO_FEATURES  -E 'package(pageserver)'
-            done
+            NEON_PAGESERVER_UNIT_TEST_VIRTUAL_FILE_IOENGINE=$io_engine ${cov_prefix} cargo nextest run $CARGO_FLAGS $CARGO_FEATURES  -E 'package(pageserver)'
           done
 
           # Run separate tests for real S3
@@ -257,7 +255,15 @@ jobs:
           ${cov_prefix} cargo nextest run $CARGO_FLAGS $CARGO_FEATURES -E 'package(remote_storage)' -E 'test(test_real_azure)'
 
       - name: Install postgres binaries
-        run: cp -a pg_install /tmp/neon/pg_install
+        run: |
+          # Use tar to copy files matching the pattern, preserving the paths in the destionation
+          tar c \
+            pg_install/v* \
+            pg_install/build/*/src/test/regress/*.so \
+            pg_install/build/*/src/test/regress/pg_regress \
+            pg_install/build/*/src/test/isolation/isolationtester \
+            pg_install/build/*/src/test/isolation/pg_isolation_regress \
+            | tar  x -C /tmp/neon
 
       - name: Upload Neon artifact
         uses: ./.github/actions/upload

.github/workflows/benchmarking.yml

@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ on:
     #          │ │ │ ┌───────────── month (1 - 12 or JAN-DEC)
     #          │ │ │ │ ┌───────────── day of the week (0 - 6 or SUN-SAT)
     - cron:   '0 3 * * *' # run once a day, timezone is utc
-
   workflow_dispatch: # adds ability to run this manually
     inputs:
       region_id:
@@ -59,7 +58,7 @@ jobs:
     permissions:
       contents: write
       statuses: write
-      id-token: write # Required for OIDC authentication in azure runners
+      id-token: write # aws-actions/configure-aws-credentials
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
@@ -68,12 +67,10 @@ jobs:
             PLATFORM: "neon-staging"
             region_id: ${{ github.event.inputs.region_id || 'aws-us-east-2' }}
             RUNNER: [ self-hosted, us-east-2, x64 ]
-            IMAGE: 369495373322.dkr.ecr.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/build-tools:pinned
           - DEFAULT_PG_VERSION: 16
             PLATFORM: "azure-staging"
             region_id: 'azure-eastus2'
             RUNNER: [ self-hosted, eastus2, x64 ]
-            IMAGE: neondatabase/build-tools:pinned
     env:
       TEST_PG_BENCH_DURATIONS_MATRIX: "300"
       TEST_PG_BENCH_SCALES_MATRIX: "10,100"
@@ -86,7 +83,10 @@ jobs:
 
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.RUNNER }}
     container:
-      image: ${{ matrix.IMAGE }}
+      image: neondatabase/build-tools:pinned
+      credentials:
+        username: ${{ secrets.NEON_DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
+        password: ${{ secrets.NEON_DOCKERHUB_PASSWORD }}
       options: --init
 
     steps:
@@ -164,6 +164,10 @@ jobs:
 
   replication-tests:
     if: ${{ github.event.inputs.run_only_pgvector_tests == 'false' || github.event.inputs.run_only_pgvector_tests == null }}
+    permissions:
+      contents: write
+      statuses: write
+      id-token: write # aws-actions/configure-aws-credentials
     env:
       POSTGRES_DISTRIB_DIR: /tmp/neon/pg_install
       DEFAULT_PG_VERSION: 16
@@ -174,12 +178,21 @@ jobs:
 
     runs-on: [ self-hosted, us-east-2, x64 ]
     container:
-      image: 369495373322.dkr.ecr.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/build-tools:pinned
+      image: neondatabase/build-tools:pinned
+      credentials:
+        username: ${{ secrets.NEON_DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
+        password: ${{ secrets.NEON_DOCKERHUB_PASSWORD }}
       options: --init
 
     steps:
     - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
+    - name: Configure AWS credentials
+      uses: aws-actions/configure-aws-credentials@v4
+      with:
+        aws-region: eu-central-1
+        role-to-assume: ${{ vars.DEV_AWS_OIDC_ROLE_ARN }}
+        role-duration-seconds: 18000 # 5 hours
 
     - name: Download Neon artifact
       uses: ./.github/actions/download
@@ -267,7 +280,7 @@ jobs:
         region_id_default=${{ env.DEFAULT_REGION_ID }}
         runner_default='["self-hosted", "us-east-2", "x64"]'
         runner_azure='["self-hosted", "eastus2", "x64"]'
-        image_default="369495373322.dkr.ecr.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/build-tools:pinned"
+        image_default="neondatabase/build-tools:pinned"
         matrix='{
           "pg_version" : [
             16
@@ -344,7 +357,7 @@ jobs:
     permissions:
       contents: write
       statuses: write
-      id-token: write # Required for OIDC authentication in azure runners
+      id-token: write # aws-actions/configure-aws-credentials
 
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
@@ -371,7 +384,7 @@ jobs:
     steps:
     - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
-    - name: Configure AWS credentials # necessary on Azure runners
+    - name: Configure AWS credentials
       uses: aws-actions/configure-aws-credentials@v4
       with:
         aws-region: eu-central-1
@@ -492,17 +505,15 @@ jobs:
     permissions:
       contents: write
       statuses: write
-      id-token: write # Required for OIDC authentication in azure runners
+      id-token: write # aws-actions/configure-aws-credentials
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
         include:
           - PLATFORM: "neonvm-captest-pgvector"
             RUNNER: [ self-hosted, us-east-2, x64 ]
-            IMAGE: 369495373322.dkr.ecr.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/build-tools:pinned
           - PLATFORM: "azure-captest-pgvector"
             RUNNER: [ self-hosted, eastus2, x64 ]
-            IMAGE: neondatabase/build-tools:pinned
 
     env:
       TEST_PG_BENCH_DURATIONS_MATRIX: "15m"
@@ -511,13 +522,16 @@ jobs:
       DEFAULT_PG_VERSION: 16
       TEST_OUTPUT: /tmp/test_output
       BUILD_TYPE: remote
-      LD_LIBRARY_PATH: /home/nonroot/pg/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu
+
       SAVE_PERF_REPORT: ${{ github.event.inputs.save_perf_report || ( github.ref_name == 'main' ) }}
       PLATFORM: ${{ matrix.PLATFORM }}
 
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.RUNNER }}
     container:
-      image: ${{ matrix.IMAGE }}
+      image: neondatabase/build-tools:pinned
+      credentials:
+        username: ${{ secrets.NEON_DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
+        password: ${{ secrets.NEON_DOCKERHUB_PASSWORD }}
       options: --init
 
     steps:
@@ -527,17 +541,26 @@ jobs:
     # instead of using Neon artifacts containing pgbench
     - name: Install postgresql-16 where pytest expects it
       run: |
+        # Just to make it easier to test things locally on macOS (with arm64)
+        arch=$(uname -m | sed 's/x86_64/amd64/g' | sed 's/aarch64/arm64/g')
+
         cd /home/nonroot
-        wget -q https://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt/pool/main/p/postgresql-16/libpq5_16.4-1.pgdg110%2B1_amd64.deb
-        wget -q https://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt/pool/main/p/postgresql-16/postgresql-client-16_16.4-1.pgdg110%2B1_amd64.deb
-        wget -q https://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt/pool/main/p/postgresql-16/postgresql-16_16.4-1.pgdg110%2B1_amd64.deb 
-        dpkg -x libpq5_16.4-1.pgdg110+1_amd64.deb pg
-        dpkg -x postgresql-client-16_16.4-1.pgdg110+1_amd64.deb pg
-        dpkg -x postgresql-16_16.4-1.pgdg110+1_amd64.deb pg
+        wget -q "https://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt/pool/main/p/postgresql-17/libpq5_17.0-1.pgdg110+1_${arch}.deb"
+        wget -q "https://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt/pool/main/p/postgresql-16/postgresql-client-16_16.4-1.pgdg110+2_${arch}.deb"
+        wget -q "https://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt/pool/main/p/postgresql-16/postgresql-16_16.4-1.pgdg110+2_${arch}.deb"
+        dpkg -x libpq5_17.0-1.pgdg110+1_${arch}.deb pg
+        dpkg -x postgresql-16_16.4-1.pgdg110+2_${arch}.deb pg
+        dpkg -x postgresql-client-16_16.4-1.pgdg110+2_${arch}.deb pg
+
         mkdir -p /tmp/neon/pg_install/v16/bin
-        ln -s /home/nonroot/pg/usr/lib/postgresql/16/bin/pgbench /tmp/neon/pg_install/v16/bin/pgbench  
-        ln -s /home/nonroot/pg/usr/lib/postgresql/16/bin/psql /tmp/neon/pg_install/v16/bin/psql  
-        ln -s /home/nonroot/pg/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu /tmp/neon/pg_install/v16/lib 
+        ln -s /home/nonroot/pg/usr/lib/postgresql/16/bin/pgbench /tmp/neon/pg_install/v16/bin/pgbench
+        ln -s /home/nonroot/pg/usr/lib/postgresql/16/bin/psql    /tmp/neon/pg_install/v16/bin/psql
+        ln -s /home/nonroot/pg/usr/lib/$(uname -m)-linux-gnu     /tmp/neon/pg_install/v16/lib
+
+        LD_LIBRARY_PATH="/home/nonroot/pg/usr/lib/$(uname -m)-linux-gnu:${LD_LIBRARY_PATH:-}"
+        export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
+        echo "LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}" >> ${GITHUB_ENV}
+
         /tmp/neon/pg_install/v16/bin/pgbench --version
         /tmp/neon/pg_install/v16/bin/psql --version
 
@@ -559,7 +582,7 @@ jobs:
 
         echo "connstr=${CONNSTR}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
 
-    - name: Configure AWS credentials # necessary on Azure runners to read/write from/to S3
+    - name: Configure AWS credentials
       uses: aws-actions/configure-aws-credentials@v4
       with:
         aws-region: eu-central-1
@@ -620,6 +643,10 @@ jobs:
     # *_CLICKBENCH_CONNSTR: Genuine ClickBench DB with ~100M rows
     # *_CLICKBENCH_10M_CONNSTR: DB with the first 10M rows of ClickBench DB
     if: ${{ !cancelled() && (github.event.inputs.run_only_pgvector_tests == 'false' || github.event.inputs.run_only_pgvector_tests == null) }}
+    permissions:
+      contents: write
+      statuses: write
+      id-token: write # aws-actions/configure-aws-credentials
     needs: [ generate-matrices, pgbench-compare, prepare_AWS_RDS_databases ]
 
     strategy:
@@ -638,12 +665,22 @@ jobs:
 
     runs-on: [ self-hosted, us-east-2, x64 ]
     container:
-      image: 369495373322.dkr.ecr.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/build-tools:pinned
+      image: neondatabase/build-tools:pinned
+      credentials:
+        username: ${{ secrets.NEON_DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
+        password: ${{ secrets.NEON_DOCKERHUB_PASSWORD }}
       options: --init
 
     steps:
     - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
+    - name: Configure AWS credentials
+      uses: aws-actions/configure-aws-credentials@v4
+      with:
+        aws-region: eu-central-1
+        role-to-assume: ${{ vars.DEV_AWS_OIDC_ROLE_ARN }}
+        role-duration-seconds: 18000 # 5 hours
+
     - name: Download Neon artifact
       uses: ./.github/actions/download
       with:
@@ -714,6 +751,10 @@ jobs:
     #
     # *_TPCH_S10_CONNSTR: DB generated with scale factor 10 (~10 GB)
     if: ${{ !cancelled() && (github.event.inputs.run_only_pgvector_tests == 'false' || github.event.inputs.run_only_pgvector_tests == null) }}
+    permissions:
+      contents: write
+      statuses: write
+      id-token: write # aws-actions/configure-aws-credentials
     needs: [ generate-matrices, clickbench-compare, prepare_AWS_RDS_databases ]
 
     strategy:
@@ -731,12 +772,22 @@ jobs:
 
     runs-on: [ self-hosted, us-east-2, x64 ]
     container:
-      image: 369495373322.dkr.ecr.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/build-tools:pinned
+      image: neondatabase/build-tools:pinned
+      credentials:
+        username: ${{ secrets.NEON_DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
+        password: ${{ secrets.NEON_DOCKERHUB_PASSWORD }}
       options: --init
 
     steps:
     - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
+    - name: Configure AWS credentials
+      uses: aws-actions/configure-aws-credentials@v4
+      with:
+        aws-region: eu-central-1
+        role-to-assume: ${{ vars.DEV_AWS_OIDC_ROLE_ARN }}
+        role-duration-seconds: 18000 # 5 hours
+
     - name: Download Neon artifact
       uses: ./.github/actions/download
       with:
@@ -806,6 +857,10 @@ jobs:
 
   user-examples-compare:
     if: ${{ !cancelled() && (github.event.inputs.run_only_pgvector_tests == 'false' || github.event.inputs.run_only_pgvector_tests == null) }}
+    permissions:
+      contents: write
+      statuses: write
+      id-token: write # aws-actions/configure-aws-credentials
     needs: [ generate-matrices, tpch-compare, prepare_AWS_RDS_databases ]
 
     strategy:
@@ -822,12 +877,22 @@ jobs:
 
     runs-on: [ self-hosted, us-east-2, x64 ]
     container:
-      image: 369495373322.dkr.ecr.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/build-tools:pinned
+      image: neondatabase/build-tools:pinned
+      credentials:
+        username: ${{ secrets.NEON_DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
+        password: ${{ secrets.NEON_DOCKERHUB_PASSWORD }}
       options: --init
 
     steps:
     - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
+    - name: Configure AWS credentials
+      uses: aws-actions/configure-aws-credentials@v4
+      with:
+        aws-region: eu-central-1
+        role-to-assume: ${{ vars.DEV_AWS_OIDC_ROLE_ARN }}
+        role-duration-seconds: 18000 # 5 hours
+
     - name: Download Neon artifact
       uses: ./.github/actions/download
       with:

.github/workflows/build-build-tools-image.yml

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ jobs:
 
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        arch: [ x64 ]
+        arch: [ x64, arm64 ]
 
     runs-on: ${{ fromJson(format('["self-hosted", "{0}"]', matrix.arch == 'arm64' && 'large-arm64' || 'large')) }}
 
@@ -79,9 +79,7 @@ jobs:
           push: true
           pull: true
           file: Dockerfile.build-tools
-          cache-from: |
-            type=registry,ref=cache.neon.build/build-tools:cache-${{ matrix.arch }}
-            type=registry,ref=cache.neon.build/build-tools:cache-${{ matrix.arch }}-does-not-exist-2
+          cache-from: type=registry,ref=cache.neon.build/build-tools:cache-${{ matrix.arch }}
           cache-to: ${{ github.ref_name == 'main' && format('type=registry,ref=cache.neon.build/build-tools:cache-{0},mode=max', matrix.arch) || '' }}
           tags: neondatabase/build-tools:${{ inputs.image-tag }}-${{ matrix.arch }}
 

.github/workflows/build_and_test.yml

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ on:
       - main
       - release
       - release-proxy
-      - bayandin/test
   pull_request:
 
 defaults:
@@ -28,7 +27,7 @@ env:
 
 jobs:
   check-permissions:
-    if: false
+    if: ${{ !contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'run-no-ci') }}
     uses: ./.github/workflows/check-permissions.yml
     with:
       github-event-name: ${{ github.event_name }}
@@ -79,6 +78,7 @@ jobs:
         id: build-tag
 
   check-build-tools-image:
+    needs: [ check-permissions ]
     uses: ./.github/workflows/check-build-tools-image.yml
 
   build-build-tools-image:
@@ -341,7 +341,7 @@ jobs:
           PERF_TEST_RESULT_CONNSTR: "${{ secrets.PERF_TEST_RESULT_CONNSTR }}"
           TEST_RESULT_CONNSTR: "${{ secrets.REGRESS_TEST_RESULT_CONNSTR_NEW }}"
           PAGESERVER_VIRTUAL_FILE_IO_ENGINE: tokio-epoll-uring
-          SYNC_AFTER_EACH_TEST: true
+          SYNC_BETWEEN_TESTS: true
       # XXX: no coverage data handling here, since benchmarks are run on release builds,
       # while coverage is currently collected for the debug ones
 
@@ -602,7 +602,20 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
-        version: [ v14, v15, v16, v17 ]
+        version:
+          # Much data was already generated on old PG versions with bullseye's
+          # libraries, the locales of which can cause data incompatibilities.
+          # However, new PG versions should check if they can be built on newer
+          # images, as that reduces the support burden of old and ancient
+          # distros.
+          - pg: v14
+            debian: bullseye-slim
+          - pg: v15
+            debian: bullseye-slim
+          - pg: v16
+            debian: bullseye-slim
+          - pg: v17
+            debian: bookworm-slim
         arch: [ x64, arm64 ]
 
     runs-on: ${{ fromJson(format('["self-hosted", "{0}"]', matrix.arch == 'arm64' && 'large-arm64' || 'large')) }}
@@ -645,41 +658,46 @@ jobs:
           context: .
           build-args: |
             GIT_VERSION=${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha || github.sha }}
-            PG_VERSION=${{ matrix.version }}
+            PG_VERSION=${{ matrix.version.pg }}
             BUILD_TAG=${{ needs.tag.outputs.build-tag }}
             TAG=${{ needs.build-build-tools-image.outputs.image-tag }}
+            DEBIAN_FLAVOR=${{ matrix.version.debian }}
           provenance: false
           push: true
           pull: true
           file: compute/Dockerfile.compute-node
-          cache-from: type=registry,ref=cache.neon.build/compute-node-${{ matrix.version }}:cache-${{ matrix.arch }}
-          cache-to: ${{ github.ref_name == 'main' && format('type=registry,ref=cache.neon.build/compute-node-{0}:cache-{1},mode=max', matrix.version, matrix.arch) || '' }}
+          cache-from: type=registry,ref=cache.neon.build/compute-node-${{ matrix.version.pg }}:cache-${{ matrix.arch }}
+          cache-to: ${{ github.ref_name == 'main' && format('type=registry,ref=cache.neon.build/compute-node-{0}:cache-{1},mode=max', matrix.version.pg, matrix.arch) || '' }}
           tags: |
-            neondatabase/compute-node-${{ matrix.version }}:${{ needs.tag.outputs.build-tag }}-${{ matrix.arch }}
+            neondatabase/compute-node-${{ matrix.version.pg }}:${{ needs.tag.outputs.build-tag }}-${{ matrix.arch }}
 
       - name: Build neon extensions test image
-        if: matrix.version == 'v16'
+        if: matrix.version.pg == 'v16'
         uses: docker/build-push-action@v6
         with:
           context: .
           build-args: |
             GIT_VERSION=${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha || github.sha }}
-            PG_VERSION=${{ matrix.version }}
+            PG_VERSION=${{ matrix.version.pg }}
             BUILD_TAG=${{ needs.tag.outputs.build-tag }}
             TAG=${{ needs.build-build-tools-image.outputs.image-tag }}
+            DEBIAN_FLAVOR=${{ matrix.version.debian }}
           provenance: false
           push: true
           pull: true
           file: compute/Dockerfile.compute-node
           target: neon-pg-ext-test
-          cache-from: type=registry,ref=cache.neon.build/neon-test-extensions-${{ matrix.version }}:cache-${{ matrix.arch }}
-          cache-to: ${{ github.ref_name == 'main' && format('type=registry,ref=cache.neon.build/neon-test-extensions-{0}:cache-{1},mode=max', matrix.version, matrix.arch) || '' }}
+          cache-from: type=registry,ref=cache.neon.build/neon-test-extensions-${{ matrix.version.pg }}:cache-${{ matrix.arch }}
+          cache-to: ${{ github.ref_name == 'main' && format('type=registry,ref=cache.neon.build/neon-test-extensions-{0}:cache-{1},mode=max', matrix.version.pg, matrix.arch) || '' }}
           tags: |
-            neondatabase/neon-test-extensions-${{ matrix.version }}:${{needs.tag.outputs.build-tag}}-${{ matrix.arch }}
+            neondatabase/neon-test-extensions-${{ matrix.version.pg }}:${{needs.tag.outputs.build-tag}}-${{ matrix.arch }}
 
       - name: Build compute-tools image
         # compute-tools are Postgres independent, so build it only once
-        if: matrix.version == 'v17'
+        # We pick 16, because that builds on debian 11 with older glibc (and is
+        # thus compatible with newer glibc), rather than 17 on Debian 12, as
+        # that isn't guaranteed to be compatible with Debian 11
+        if: matrix.version.pg == 'v16'
         uses: docker/build-push-action@v6
         with:
           target: compute-tools-image
@@ -688,6 +706,7 @@ jobs:
             GIT_VERSION=${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha || github.sha }}
             BUILD_TAG=${{ needs.tag.outputs.build-tag }}
             TAG=${{ needs.build-build-tools-image.outputs.image-tag }}
+            DEBIAN_FLAVOR=${{ matrix.version.debian }}
           provenance: false
           push: true
           pull: true
@@ -754,7 +773,7 @@ jobs:
       matrix:
         version: [ v14, v15, v16, v17 ]
     env:
-      VM_BUILDER_VERSION: v0.29.3
+      VM_BUILDER_VERSION: v0.35.0
 
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
@@ -843,6 +862,9 @@ jobs:
     needs: [ check-permissions, tag, test-images, vm-compute-node-image ]
     runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
 
+    permissions:
+      id-token: write # for `aws-actions/configure-aws-credentials`
+
     env:
       VERSIONS: v14 v15 v16 v17
 
@@ -887,13 +909,19 @@ jobs:
           docker buildx imagetools create -t neondatabase/neon-test-extensions-v16:latest \
                                               neondatabase/neon-test-extensions-v16:${{ needs.tag.outputs.build-tag }}
 
+      - name: Configure AWS-prod credentials
+        if: github.ref_name == 'release'|| github.ref_name == 'release-proxy'
+        uses: aws-actions/configure-aws-credentials@v4
+        with:
+          aws-region: eu-central-1
+          mask-aws-account-id: true
+          role-to-assume: ${{ secrets.PROD_GHA_OIDC_ROLE }}
+
       - name: Login to prod ECR
         uses: docker/login-action@v3
         if: github.ref_name == 'release'|| github.ref_name == 'release-proxy'
         with:
           registry: 093970136003.dkr.ecr.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com
-          username: ${{ secrets.PROD_GHA_RUNNER_LIMITED_AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID }}
-          password: ${{ secrets.PROD_GHA_RUNNER_LIMITED_AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY }}
 
       - name: Copy all images to prod ECR
         if: github.ref_name == 'release'|| github.ref_name == 'release-proxy'
@@ -1162,10 +1190,9 @@ jobs:
 
               files_to_promote+=("s3://${BUCKET}/${s3_key}")
 
-              # TODO Add v17
-              for pg_version in v14 v15 v16; do
+              for pg_version in v14 v15 v16 v17; do
                 # We run less tests for debug builds, so we don't need to promote them
-                if [ "${build_type}" == "debug" ] && { [ "${arch}" == "ARM64" ] || [ "${pg_version}" != "v16" ] ; }; then
+                if [ "${build_type}" == "debug" ] && { [ "${arch}" == "ARM64" ] || [ "${pg_version}" != "v17" ] ; }; then
                   continue
                 fi
 

.github/workflows/check-build-tools-image.yml

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ jobs:
           IMAGE_TAG: |
             ${{ hashFiles('Dockerfile.build-tools',
                           '.github/workflows/check-build-tools-image.yml',
-                          '.github/workflows/build-build-tools-image.yml') }}-test
+                          '.github/workflows/build-build-tools-image.yml') }}
         run: |
           echo "image-tag=${IMAGE_TAG}" | tee -a $GITHUB_OUTPUT
 

.github/workflows/trigger-e2e-tests.yml

@@ -102,12 +102,17 @@ jobs:
           # Default set of platforms to run e2e tests on
           platforms='["docker", "k8s"]'
 
-          # If the PR changes vendor/, pgxn/ or libs/vm_monitor/ directories, or Dockerfile.compute-node, add k8s-neonvm to the list of platforms.
+          # If a PR changes anything that affects computes, add k8s-neonvm to the list of platforms.
           # If the workflow run is not a pull request, add k8s-neonvm to the list.
           if [ "$GITHUB_EVENT_NAME" == "pull_request" ]; then
             for f in $(gh api "/repos/${GITHUB_REPOSITORY}/pulls/${PR_NUMBER}/files" --paginate --jq '.[].filename'); do
               case "$f" in
-                vendor/*|pgxn/*|libs/vm_monitor/*|compute/Dockerfile.compute-node)
+                # List of directories that contain code which affect compute images.
+                #
+                # This isn't exhaustive, just the paths that are most directly compute-related.
+                # For example, compute_ctl also depends on libs/utils, but we don't trigger
+                # an e2e run on that.
+                vendor/*|pgxn/*|compute_tools/*|libs/vm_monitor/*|compute/Dockerfile.compute-node)
                   platforms=$(echo "${platforms}" | jq --compact-output '. += ["k8s-neonvm"] | unique')
                   ;;
                 *)

Cargo.toml

@@ -53,15 +53,15 @@ azure_storage_blobs = { version = "0.19", default-features = false, features = [
 flate2 = "1.0.26"
 async-stream = "0.3"
 async-trait = "0.1"
-aws-config = { version = "1.3", default-features = false, features=["rustls"] }
-aws-sdk-s3 = "1.26"
-aws-sdk-iam = "1.15.0"
+aws-config = { version = "1.5", default-features = false, features=["rustls", "sso"] }
+aws-sdk-s3 = "1.52"
+aws-sdk-iam = "1.46.0"
 aws-smithy-async = { version = "1.2.1", default-features = false, features=["rt-tokio"] }
-aws-smithy-types = "1.1.9"
+aws-smithy-types = "1.2"
 aws-credential-types = "1.2.0"
-aws-sigv4 = { version = "1.2.1", features = ["sign-http"] }
-aws-types = "1.2.0"
-axum = { version = "0.6.20", features = ["ws"] }
+aws-sigv4 = { version = "1.2", features = ["sign-http"] }
+aws-types = "1.3"
+axum = { version = "0.7.5", features = ["ws"] }
 base64 = "0.13.0"
 bincode = "1.3"
 bindgen = "0.70"
@@ -96,10 +96,13 @@ hmac = "0.12.1"
 hostname = "0.4"
 http = {version = "1.1.0", features = ["std"]}
 http-types = { version = "2", default-features = false }
+http-body-util = "0.1.2"
 humantime = "2.1"
 humantime-serde = "1.1.1"
-hyper = "0.14"
-tokio-tungstenite = "0.20.0"
+hyper0 = { package = "hyper", version = "0.14" }
+hyper = "1.4"
+hyper-util = "0.1"
+tokio-tungstenite = "0.21.0"
 indexmap = "2"
 indoc = "2"
 ipnet = "2.9.0"
@@ -116,9 +119,10 @@ notify = "6.0.0"
 num_cpus = "1.15"
 num-traits = "0.2.15"
 once_cell = "1.13"
-opentelemetry = "0.20.0"
-opentelemetry-otlp = { version = "0.13.0", default-features=false, features = ["http-proto", "trace", "http", "reqwest-client"] }
-opentelemetry-semantic-conventions = "0.12.0"
+opentelemetry = "0.24"
+opentelemetry_sdk = "0.24"
+opentelemetry-otlp = { version = "0.17", default-features=false, features = ["http-proto", "trace", "http", "reqwest-client"] }
+opentelemetry-semantic-conventions = "0.16"
 parking_lot = "0.12"
 parquet = { version = "53", default-features = false, features = ["zstd"] }
 parquet_derive = "53"
@@ -131,7 +135,7 @@ rand = "0.8"
 redis = { version = "0.25.2", features = ["tokio-rustls-comp", "keep-alive"] }
 regex = "1.10.2"
 reqwest = { version = "0.12", default-features = false, features = ["rustls-tls"] }
-reqwest-tracing = { version = "0.5", features = ["opentelemetry_0_20"] }
+reqwest-tracing = { version = "0.5", features = ["opentelemetry_0_24"] }
 reqwest-middleware = "0.3.0"
 reqwest-retry = "0.5"
 routerify = "3"
@@ -177,8 +181,8 @@ toml_edit = "0.22"
 tonic = {version = "0.9", features = ["tls", "tls-roots"]}
 tower-service = "0.3.2"
 tracing = "0.1"
-tracing-error = "0.2.0"
-tracing-opentelemetry = "0.21.0"
+tracing-error = "0.2"
+tracing-opentelemetry = "0.25"
 tracing-subscriber = { version = "0.3", default-features = false, features = ["smallvec", "fmt", "tracing-log", "std", "env-filter", "json"] }
 try-lock = "0.2.5"
 twox-hash = { version = "1.6.3", default-features = false }

Dockerfile.build-tools

@@ -13,6 +13,9 @@ RUN useradd -ms /bin/bash nonroot -b /home
 SHELL ["/bin/bash", "-c"]
 
 # System deps
+#
+# 'gdb' is included so that we get backtraces of core dumps produced in
+# regression tests
 RUN set -e \
     && apt update \
     && apt install -y \
@@ -24,6 +27,7 @@ RUN set -e \
         cmake \
         curl \
         flex \
+        gdb \
         git \
         gnupg \
         gzip \

README.md

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh
 1. Install XCode and dependencies
 ```
 xcode-select --install
-brew install protobuf openssl flex bison icu4c pkg-config
+brew install protobuf openssl flex bison icu4c pkg-config m4
 
 # add openssl to PATH, required for ed25519 keys generation in neon_local
 echo 'export PATH="$(brew --prefix openssl)/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.zshrc

compute/Dockerfile.compute-node

@@ -3,17 +3,34 @@ ARG REPOSITORY=neondatabase
 ARG IMAGE=build-tools
 ARG TAG=pinned
 ARG BUILD_TAG
+ARG DEBIAN_FLAVOR=bullseye-slim
 
 #########################################################################################
 #
 # Layer "build-deps"
 #
 #########################################################################################
-FROM debian:bullseye-slim AS build-deps
-RUN apt update &&  \
-    apt install -y git autoconf automake libtool build-essential bison flex libreadline-dev \
-    zlib1g-dev libxml2-dev libcurl4-openssl-dev libossp-uuid-dev wget pkg-config libssl-dev \
-    libicu-dev libxslt1-dev liblz4-dev libzstd-dev zstd
+FROM debian:$DEBIAN_FLAVOR AS build-deps
+ARG DEBIAN_FLAVOR
+
+RUN case $DEBIAN_FLAVOR in \
+      # Version-specific installs for Bullseye (PG14-PG16):
+      # The h3_pg extension needs a cmake 3.20+, but Debian bullseye has 3.18.
+      # Install newer version (3.25) from backports.
+      bullseye*) \
+        echo "deb http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye-backports main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/bullseye-backports.list; \
+        VERSION_INSTALLS="cmake/bullseye-backports cmake-data/bullseye-backports"; \
+      ;; \
+      # Version-specific installs for Bookworm (PG17):
+      bookworm*) \
+        VERSION_INSTALLS="cmake"; \
+      ;; \
+    esac && \
+    apt update &&  \
+    apt install --no-install-recommends -y git autoconf automake libtool build-essential bison flex libreadline-dev \
+    zlib1g-dev libxml2-dev libcurl4-openssl-dev libossp-uuid-dev wget ca-certificates pkg-config libssl-dev \
+    libicu-dev libxslt1-dev liblz4-dev libzstd-dev zstd \
+    $VERSION_INSTALLS
 
 #########################################################################################
 #
@@ -87,7 +104,7 @@ FROM build-deps AS postgis-build
 ARG PG_VERSION
 COPY --from=pg-build /usr/local/pgsql/ /usr/local/pgsql/
 RUN apt update && \
-    apt install -y cmake gdal-bin libboost-dev libboost-thread-dev libboost-filesystem-dev \
+    apt install --no-install-recommends -y gdal-bin libboost-dev libboost-thread-dev libboost-filesystem-dev \
     libboost-system-dev libboost-iostreams-dev libboost-program-options-dev libboost-timer-dev \
     libcgal-dev libgdal-dev libgmp-dev libmpfr-dev libopenscenegraph-dev libprotobuf-c-dev \
     protobuf-c-compiler xsltproc
@@ -165,7 +182,7 @@ RUN case "${PG_VERSION}" in "v17") \
     echo "v17 extensions are not supported yet. Quit" && exit 0;; \
     esac && \
     apt update && \
-    apt install -y ninja-build python3-dev libncurses5 binutils clang
+    apt install --no-install-recommends -y ninja-build python3-dev libncurses5 binutils clang
 
 RUN case "${PG_VERSION}" in "v17") \
     echo "v17 extensions are not supported yet. Quit" && exit 0;; \
@@ -198,27 +215,6 @@ FROM build-deps AS h3-pg-build
 ARG PG_VERSION
 COPY --from=pg-build /usr/local/pgsql/ /usr/local/pgsql/
 
-RUN case "${PG_VERSION}" in "v17") \
-    echo "v17 extensions are not supported yet. Quit" && exit 0;; \
-    esac && \
-    case "$(uname -m)" in \
-      "x86_64") \
-        export CMAKE_CHECKSUM=739d372726cb23129d57a539ce1432453448816e345e1545f6127296926b6754 \
-        ;; \
-      "aarch64") \
-        export CMAKE_CHECKSUM=281b42627c9a1beed03e29706574d04c6c53fae4994472e90985ef018dd29c02 \
-        ;; \
-      *) \
-        echo "Unsupported architecture '$(uname -m)'. Supported are x86_64 and aarch64" && exit 1 \
-        ;; \
-    esac && \
-    wget https://github.com/Kitware/CMake/releases/download/v3.24.2/cmake-3.24.2-linux-$(uname -m).sh \
-      -q -O /tmp/cmake-install.sh \
-      && echo "${CMAKE_CHECKSUM} /tmp/cmake-install.sh" | sha256sum --check \
-      && chmod u+x /tmp/cmake-install.sh \
-      && /tmp/cmake-install.sh --skip-license --prefix=/usr/local/ \
-      && rm /tmp/cmake-install.sh
-
 RUN case "${PG_VERSION}" in "v17") \
         mkdir -p /h3/usr/ && \
     echo "v17 extensions are not supported yet. Quit" && exit 0;; \
@@ -504,8 +500,6 @@ RUN case "${PG_VERSION}" in "v17") \
         export TIMESCALEDB_CHECKSUM=584a351c7775f0e067eaa0e7277ea88cab9077cc4c455cbbf09a5d9723dce95d \
         ;; \
     esac && \
-    apt-get update && \
-    apt-get install -y cmake && \
     wget https://github.com/timescale/timescaledb/archive/refs/tags/${TIMESCALEDB_VERSION}.tar.gz -O timescaledb.tar.gz && \
     echo "${TIMESCALEDB_CHECKSUM} timescaledb.tar.gz" | sha256sum --check && \
     mkdir timescaledb-src && cd timescaledb-src && tar xzf ../timescaledb.tar.gz --strip-components=1 -C . && \
@@ -593,8 +587,7 @@ RUN case "${PG_VERSION}" in "v17") \
     echo "v17 extensions are not supported yet. Quit" && exit 0;; \
     esac && \
     apt-get update && \
-    apt-get install -y \
-        cmake \
+    apt-get install --no-install-recommends -y \
         libboost-iostreams1.74-dev \
         libboost-regex1.74-dev \
         libboost-serialization1.74-dev \
@@ -759,7 +752,7 @@ ARG PG_VERSION
 COPY --from=pg-build /usr/local/pgsql/ /usr/local/pgsql/
 
 RUN apt-get update && \
-    apt-get install -y curl libclang-dev cmake && \
+    apt-get install --no-install-recommends -y curl libclang-dev && \
     useradd -ms /bin/bash nonroot -b /home
 
 ENV HOME=/home/nonroot
@@ -869,6 +862,25 @@ RUN case "${PG_VERSION}" in "v17") \
     cargo pgrx install --release && \
     echo "trusted = true" >> /usr/local/pgsql/share/extension/ulid.control
 
+#########################################################################################
+#
+# Layer "pg-session-jwt-build"
+# Compile "pg_session_jwt" extension
+#
+#########################################################################################
+
+FROM rust-extensions-build AS pg-session-jwt-build
+ARG PG_VERSION
+
+RUN case "${PG_VERSION}" in "v17") \
+    echo "pg_session_jwt does not yet have a release that supports pg17" && exit 0;; \
+    esac && \
+    wget https://github.com/neondatabase/pg_session_jwt/archive/ff0a72440e8ff584dab24b3f9b7c00c56c660b8e.tar.gz -O pg_session_jwt.tar.gz && \
+    echo "1fbb2b5a339263bcf6daa847fad8bccbc0b451cea6a62e6d3bf232b0087f05cb pg_session_jwt.tar.gz" | sha256sum --check && \
+    mkdir pg_session_jwt-src && cd pg_session_jwt-src && tar xzf ../pg_session_jwt.tar.gz --strip-components=1 -C . && \
+    sed -i 's/pgrx = "=0.11.3"/pgrx = { version = "=0.11.3", features = [ "unsafe-postgres" ] }/g' Cargo.toml && \
+    cargo pgrx install --release
+
 #########################################################################################
 #
 # Layer "wal2json-build"
@@ -965,6 +977,7 @@ COPY --from=timescaledb-pg-build /usr/local/pgsql/ /usr/local/pgsql/
 COPY --from=pg-hint-plan-pg-build /usr/local/pgsql/ /usr/local/pgsql/
 COPY --from=pg-cron-pg-build /usr/local/pgsql/ /usr/local/pgsql/
 COPY --from=pg-pgx-ulid-build /usr/local/pgsql/ /usr/local/pgsql/
+COPY --from=pg-session-jwt-build /usr/local/pgsql/ /usr/local/pgsql/
 COPY --from=rdkit-pg-build /usr/local/pgsql/ /usr/local/pgsql/
 COPY --from=pg-uuidv7-pg-build /usr/local/pgsql/ /usr/local/pgsql/
 COPY --from=pg-roaringbitmap-pg-build /usr/local/pgsql/ /usr/local/pgsql/
@@ -1027,7 +1040,8 @@ RUN cd compute_tools && mold -run cargo build --locked --profile release-line-de
 #
 #########################################################################################
 
-FROM debian:bullseye-slim AS compute-tools-image
+FROM debian:$DEBIAN_FLAVOR AS compute-tools-image
+ARG DEBIAN_FLAVOR
 
 COPY --from=compute-tools /home/nonroot/target/release-line-debug-size-lto/compute_ctl /usr/local/bin/compute_ctl
 
@@ -1037,12 +1051,16 @@ COPY --from=compute-tools /home/nonroot/target/release-line-debug-size-lto/compu
 #
 #########################################################################################
 
-FROM debian:bullseye-slim AS pgbouncer
+FROM debian:$DEBIAN_FLAVOR AS pgbouncer
+ARG DEBIAN_FLAVOR
 RUN set -e \
     && apt-get update \
-    && apt-get install -y \
+    && apt-get install --no-install-recommends -y \
         build-essential \
         git \
+        ca-certificates \
+        autoconf \
+        automake \
         libevent-dev \
         libtool \
         pkg-config
@@ -1057,6 +1075,20 @@ RUN set -e \
     && make -j $(nproc) dist_man_MANS= \
     && make install dist_man_MANS=
 
+#########################################################################################
+#
+# Compile the Neon-specific `local_proxy` binary
+#
+#########################################################################################
+FROM $REPOSITORY/$IMAGE:$TAG AS local_proxy
+ARG BUILD_TAG
+ENV BUILD_TAG=$BUILD_TAG
+
+USER nonroot
+# Copy entire project to get Cargo.* files with proper dependencies for the whole project
+COPY --chown=nonroot . .
+RUN mold -run cargo build --locked --profile release-line-debug-size-lto --bin local_proxy
+
 #########################################################################################
 #
 # Layers "postgres-exporter" and "sql-exporter"
@@ -1150,11 +1182,6 @@ RUN case "${PG_VERSION}" in "v17") \
     echo "v17 extensions are not supported yet. Quit" && exit 0;; \
     esac && \
     cd /ext-src/pgvector-src && patch -p1 <../pgvector.patch
-# cmake is required for the h3 test
-RUN case "${PG_VERSION}" in "v17") \
-    echo "v17 extensions are not supported yet. Quit" && exit 0;; \
-    esac && \
-    apt-get update && apt-get install -y cmake
 RUN case "${PG_VERSION}" in "v17") \
     echo "v17 extensions are not supported yet. Quit" && exit 0;; \
     esac && \
@@ -1179,7 +1206,8 @@ ENV PGDATABASE=postgres
 # Put it all together into the final image
 #
 #########################################################################################
-FROM debian:bullseye-slim
+FROM debian:$DEBIAN_FLAVOR
+ARG DEBIAN_FLAVOR
 # Add user postgres
 RUN mkdir /var/db && useradd -m -d /var/db/postgres postgres && \
     echo "postgres:test_console_pass" | chpasswd && \
@@ -1199,6 +1227,10 @@ COPY --from=compute-tools --chown=postgres /home/nonroot/target/release-line-deb
 COPY --from=pgbouncer         /usr/local/pgbouncer/bin/pgbouncer /usr/local/bin/pgbouncer
 COPY --chmod=0666 --chown=postgres compute/etc/pgbouncer.ini /etc/pgbouncer.ini
 
+# local_proxy and its config
+COPY --from=local_proxy --chown=postgres /home/nonroot/target/release-line-debug-size-lto/local_proxy /usr/local/bin/local_proxy
+RUN mkdir -p /etc/local_proxy && chown postgres:postgres /etc/local_proxy
+
 # Metrics exporter binaries and  configuration files
 COPY --from=postgres-exporter /bin/postgres_exporter /bin/postgres_exporter
 COPY --from=sql-exporter      /bin/sql_exporter      /bin/sql_exporter
@@ -1211,21 +1243,34 @@ COPY --chmod=0644 compute/etc/neon_collector_autoscaling.yml /etc/neon_collector
 # Create remote extension download directory
 RUN mkdir /usr/local/download_extensions && chown -R postgres:postgres /usr/local/download_extensions
 
-
 # Install:
 # libreadline8 for psql
-# libicu67, locales for collations (including ICU and plpgsql_check)
 # liblz4-1 for lz4
 # libossp-uuid16 for extension ossp-uuid
-# libgeos, libgdal, libsfcgal1, libproj and libprotobuf-c1 for PostGIS
+# libgeos, libsfcgal1, and libprotobuf-c1 for PostGIS
 # libxml2, libxslt1.1 for xml2
 # libzstd1 for zstd
 # libboost* for rdkit
 # ca-certificates for communicating with s3 by compute_ctl
-RUN apt update &&  \
+
+
+RUN apt update && \
+    case $DEBIAN_FLAVOR in \
+      # Version-specific installs for Bullseye (PG14-PG16):
+      # libicu67, locales for collations (including ICU and plpgsql_check)
+      # libgdal28, libproj19 for PostGIS
+      bullseye*) \
+        VERSION_INSTALLS="libicu67 libgdal28 libproj19"; \
+      ;; \
+      # Version-specific installs for Bookworm (PG17):
+      # libicu72, locales for collations (including ICU and plpgsql_check)
+      # libgdal32, libproj25 for PostGIS
+      bookworm*) \
+        VERSION_INSTALLS="libicu72 libgdal32 libproj25"; \
+      ;; \
+    esac && \
     apt install --no-install-recommends -y \
         gdb \
-        libicu67 \
         liblz4-1 \
         libreadline8 \
         libboost-iostreams1.74.0 \
@@ -1234,17 +1279,16 @@ RUN apt update &&  \
         libboost-system1.74.0 \
         libossp-uuid16 \
         libgeos-c1v5 \
-        libgdal28 \
-        libproj19 \
         libprotobuf-c1 \
         libsfcgal1 \
         libxml2 \
         libxslt1.1 \
         libzstd1 \
-        libcurl4-openssl-dev \
+        libcurl4 \
         locales \
         procps \
-        ca-certificates && \
+        ca-certificates \
+        $VERSION_INSTALLS && \
     rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* /tmp/* /var/tmp/* && \
     localedef -i en_US -c -f UTF-8 -A /usr/share/locale/locale.alias en_US.UTF-8
 

compute/etc/neon_collector.yml

@@ -94,6 +94,68 @@ metrics:
   query: |
     select sum(pg_database_size(datname)) as total from pg_database;
 
+- metric_name: getpage_wait_seconds_count
+  type: counter
+  help: 'Number of getpage requests'
+  values: [getpage_wait_seconds_count]
+  query_ref: neon_perf_counters
+
+- metric_name: getpage_wait_seconds_sum
+  type: counter
+  help: 'Time spent in getpage requests'
+  values: [getpage_wait_seconds_sum]
+  query_ref: neon_perf_counters
+
+- metric_name: getpage_prefetch_requests_total
+  type: counter
+  help: 'Number of getpage issued for prefetching'
+  values: [getpage_prefetch_requests_total]
+  query_ref: neon_perf_counters
+
+- metric_name: getpage_sync_requests_total
+  type: counter
+  help: 'Number of synchronous getpage issued'
+  values: [getpage_sync_requests_total]
+  query_ref: neon_perf_counters
+
+- metric_name: getpage_prefetch_misses_total
+  type: counter
+  help: 'Total number of readahead misses; consisting of either prefetches that don''t satisfy the LSN bounds once the prefetch got read by the backend, or cases where somehow no readahead was issued for the read'
+  values: [getpage_prefetch_misses_total]
+  query_ref: neon_perf_counters
+
+- metric_name: getpage_prefetch_discards_total
+  type: counter
+  help: 'Number of prefetch responses issued but not used'
+  values: [getpage_prefetch_discards_total]
+  query_ref: neon_perf_counters
+
+- metric_name: pageserver_requests_sent_total
+  type: counter
+  help: 'Number of all requests sent to the pageserver (not just GetPage requests)'
+  values: [pageserver_requests_sent_total]
+  query_ref: neon_perf_counters
+
+- metric_name: pageserver_disconnects_total
+  type: counter
+  help: 'Number of times that the connection to the pageserver was lost'
+  values: [pageserver_disconnects_total]
+  query_ref: neon_perf_counters
+
+- metric_name: pageserver_send_flushes_total
+  type: counter
+  help: 'Number of flushes to the pageserver connection'
+  values: [pageserver_send_flushes_total]
+  query_ref: neon_perf_counters
+
+- metric_name: getpage_wait_seconds_bucket
+  type: counter
+  help: 'Histogram buckets of getpage request latency'
+  key_labels:
+      - bucket_le
+  values: [value]
+  query_ref: getpage_wait_seconds_buckets
+
 # DEPRECATED
 - metric_name: lfc_approximate_working_set_size
   type: gauge
@@ -195,7 +257,7 @@ metrics:
       -- Postgres creates temporary snapshot files of the form %X-%X.snap.%d.tmp. These
       -- temporary snapshot files are renamed to the actual snapshot files after they are
       -- completely built. We only WAL-log the completely built snapshot files.
-      (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM pg_ls_logicalsnapdir() WHERE name LIKE '%.snap') AS num_logical_snapshot_files;
+      (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM pg_ls_dir('pg_logical/snapshots') AS name WHERE name LIKE '%.snap') AS num_logical_snapshot_files;
 
 # In all the below metrics, we cast LSNs to floats because Prometheus only supports floats.
 # It's probably fine because float64 can store integers from -2^53 to +2^53 exactly.
@@ -245,3 +307,25 @@ metrics:
            CASE WHEN wal_status = 'lost' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END AS wal_is_lost
     FROM pg_replication_slots;
 
+queries:
+  - query_name: neon_perf_counters
+    query: |
+      WITH c AS (
+        SELECT pg_catalog.jsonb_object_agg(metric, value) jb FROM neon.neon_perf_counters
+      )
+      SELECT d.*
+      FROM pg_catalog.jsonb_to_record((select jb from c)) as d(
+          getpage_wait_seconds_count numeric,
+          getpage_wait_seconds_sum numeric,
+          getpage_prefetch_requests_total numeric,
+          getpage_sync_requests_total numeric,
+          getpage_prefetch_misses_total numeric,
+          getpage_prefetch_discards_total numeric,
+          pageserver_requests_sent_total numeric,
+          pageserver_disconnects_total numeric,
+          pageserver_send_flushes_total numeric
+      );
+
+  - query_name: getpage_wait_seconds_buckets
+    query: |
+      SELECT bucket_le, value FROM neon.neon_perf_counters WHERE metric = 'getpage_wait_seconds_bucket';

compute/vm-image-spec.yaml

@@ -11,10 +11,18 @@ commands:
     user: root
     sysvInitAction: sysinit
     shell: 'chmod 711 /neonvm/bin/resize-swap'
+  - name: chmod-set-disk-quota
+    user: root
+    sysvInitAction: sysinit
+    shell: 'chmod 711 /neonvm/bin/set-disk-quota'
   - name: pgbouncer
     user: postgres
     sysvInitAction: respawn
     shell: '/usr/local/bin/pgbouncer /etc/pgbouncer.ini'
+  - name: local_proxy
+    user: postgres
+    sysvInitAction: respawn
+    shell: '/usr/local/bin/local_proxy --config-path /etc/local_proxy/config.json --pid-path /etc/local_proxy/pid --http 0.0.0.0:10432'
   - name: postgres-exporter
     user: nobody
     sysvInitAction: respawn
@@ -30,11 +38,12 @@ commands:
 shutdownHook: |
   su -p postgres --session-command '/usr/local/bin/pg_ctl stop -D /var/db/postgres/compute/pgdata -m fast --wait -t 10'
 files:
-  - filename: compute_ctl-resize-swap
+  - filename: compute_ctl-sudoers
     content: |
       # Allow postgres user (which is what compute_ctl runs as) to run /neonvm/bin/resize-swap
-      # as root without requiring entering a password (NOPASSWD), regardless of hostname (ALL)
-      postgres ALL=(root) NOPASSWD: /neonvm/bin/resize-swap
+      # and /neonvm/bin/set-disk-quota as root without requiring entering a password (NOPASSWD),
+      # regardless of hostname (ALL)
+      postgres ALL=(root) NOPASSWD: /neonvm/bin/resize-swap, /neonvm/bin/set-disk-quota
   - filename: cgconfig.conf
     content: |
       # Configuration for cgroups in VM compute nodes
@@ -100,7 +109,7 @@ merge: |
       && apt install --no-install-recommends -y \
              sudo \
       && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* /tmp/* /var/tmp/*
-  COPY compute_ctl-resize-swap /etc/sudoers.d/compute_ctl-resize-swap
+  COPY compute_ctl-sudoers /etc/sudoers.d/compute_ctl-sudoers
 
   COPY cgconfig.conf /etc/cgconfig.conf
 

compute_tools/Cargo.toml

@@ -11,16 +11,18 @@ testing = []
 
 [dependencies]
 anyhow.workspace = true
+camino.workspace = true
 chrono.workspace = true
 cfg-if.workspace = true
 clap.workspace = true
 flate2.workspace = true
 futures.workspace = true
-hyper = { workspace = true, features = ["full"] }
+hyper0 = { workspace = true, features = ["full"] }
 nix.workspace = true
 notify.workspace = true
 num_cpus.workspace = true
 opentelemetry.workspace = true
+opentelemetry_sdk.workspace = true
 postgres.workspace = true
 regex.workspace = true
 serde_json.workspace = true

compute_tools/src/bin/compute_ctl.rs

@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ use std::{thread, time::Duration};
 use anyhow::{Context, Result};
 use chrono::Utc;
 use clap::Arg;
+use compute_tools::disk_quota::set_disk_quota;
 use compute_tools::lsn_lease::launch_lsn_lease_bg_task_for_static;
 use signal_hook::consts::{SIGQUIT, SIGTERM};
 use signal_hook::{consts::SIGINT, iterator::Signals};
@@ -151,6 +152,7 @@ fn process_cli(matches: &clap::ArgMatches) -> Result<ProcessCliResult> {
     let spec_json = matches.get_one::<String>("spec");
     let spec_path = matches.get_one::<String>("spec-path");
     let resize_swap_on_bind = matches.get_flag("resize-swap-on-bind");
+    let set_disk_quota_for_fs = matches.get_one::<String>("set-disk-quota-for-fs");
 
     Ok(ProcessCliResult {
         connstr,
@@ -161,6 +163,7 @@ fn process_cli(matches: &clap::ArgMatches) -> Result<ProcessCliResult> {
         spec_json,
         spec_path,
         resize_swap_on_bind,
+        set_disk_quota_for_fs,
     })
 }
 
@@ -173,6 +176,7 @@ struct ProcessCliResult<'clap> {
     spec_json: Option<&'clap String>,
     spec_path: Option<&'clap String>,
     resize_swap_on_bind: bool,
+    set_disk_quota_for_fs: Option<&'clap String>,
 }
 
 fn startup_context_from_env() -> Option<opentelemetry::ContextGuard> {
@@ -214,7 +218,7 @@ fn startup_context_from_env() -> Option<opentelemetry::ContextGuard> {
     }
     if !startup_tracing_carrier.is_empty() {
         use opentelemetry::propagation::TextMapPropagator;
-        use opentelemetry::sdk::propagation::TraceContextPropagator;
+        use opentelemetry_sdk::propagation::TraceContextPropagator;
         let guard = TraceContextPropagator::new()
             .extract(&startup_tracing_carrier)
             .attach();
@@ -293,6 +297,7 @@ fn wait_spec(
         pgbin,
         ext_remote_storage,
         resize_swap_on_bind,
+        set_disk_quota_for_fs,
         http_port,
         ..
     }: ProcessCliResult,
@@ -373,6 +378,7 @@ fn wait_spec(
         compute,
         http_port,
         resize_swap_on_bind,
+        set_disk_quota_for_fs: set_disk_quota_for_fs.cloned(),
     })
 }
 
@@ -381,6 +387,7 @@ struct WaitSpecResult {
     // passed through from ProcessCliResult
     http_port: u16,
     resize_swap_on_bind: bool,
+    set_disk_quota_for_fs: Option<String>,
 }
 
 fn start_postgres(
@@ -390,6 +397,7 @@ fn start_postgres(
         compute,
         http_port,
         resize_swap_on_bind,
+        set_disk_quota_for_fs,
     }: WaitSpecResult,
 ) -> Result<(Option<PostgresHandle>, StartPostgresResult)> {
     // We got all we need, update the state.
@@ -403,6 +411,7 @@ fn start_postgres(
     );
     // before we release the mutex, fetch the swap size (if any) for later.
     let swap_size_bytes = state.pspec.as_ref().unwrap().spec.swap_size_bytes;
+    let disk_quota_bytes = state.pspec.as_ref().unwrap().spec.disk_quota_bytes;
     drop(state);
 
     // Launch remaining service threads
@@ -422,8 +431,8 @@ fn start_postgres(
         // OOM-killed during startup because swap wasn't available yet.
         match resize_swap(size_bytes) {
             Ok(()) => {
-                let size_gib = size_bytes as f32 / (1 << 20) as f32; // just for more coherent display.
-                info!(%size_bytes, %size_gib, "resized swap");
+                let size_mib = size_bytes as f32 / (1 << 20) as f32; // just for more coherent display.
+                info!(%size_bytes, %size_mib, "resized swap");
             }
             Err(err) => {
                 let err = err.context("failed to resize swap");
@@ -432,10 +441,29 @@ fn start_postgres(
                 // Mark compute startup as failed; don't try to start postgres, and report this
                 // error to the control plane when it next asks.
                 prestartup_failed = true;
-                let mut state = compute.state.lock().unwrap();
-                state.error = Some(format!("{err:?}"));
-                state.status = ComputeStatus::Failed;
-                compute.state_changed.notify_all();
+                compute.set_failed_status(err);
+                delay_exit = true;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Set disk quota if the compute spec says so
+    if let (Some(disk_quota_bytes), Some(disk_quota_fs_mountpoint)) =
+        (disk_quota_bytes, set_disk_quota_for_fs)
+    {
+        match set_disk_quota(disk_quota_bytes, &disk_quota_fs_mountpoint) {
+            Ok(()) => {
+                let size_mib = disk_quota_bytes as f32 / (1 << 20) as f32; // just for more coherent display.
+                info!(%disk_quota_bytes, %size_mib, "set disk quota");
+            }
+            Err(err) => {
+                let err = err.context("failed to set disk quota");
+                error!("{err:#}");
+
+                // Mark compute startup as failed; don't try to start postgres, and report this
+                // error to the control plane when it next asks.
+                prestartup_failed = true;
+                compute.set_failed_status(err);
                 delay_exit = true;
             }
         }
@@ -450,16 +478,7 @@ fn start_postgres(
             Ok(pg) => Some(pg),
             Err(err) => {
                 error!("could not start the compute node: {:#}", err);
-                let mut state = compute.state.lock().unwrap();
-                state.error = Some(format!("{:?}", err));
-                state.status = ComputeStatus::Failed;
-                // Notify others that Postgres failed to start. In case of configuring the
-                // empty compute, it's likely that API handler is still waiting for compute
-                // state change. With this we will notify it that compute is in Failed state,
-                // so control plane will know about it earlier and record proper error instead
-                // of timeout.
-                compute.state_changed.notify_all();
-                drop(state); // unlock
+                compute.set_failed_status(err);
                 delay_exit = true;
                 None
             }
@@ -750,6 +769,11 @@ fn cli() -> clap::Command {
                 .long("resize-swap-on-bind")
                 .action(clap::ArgAction::SetTrue),
         )
+        .arg(
+            Arg::new("set-disk-quota-for-fs")
+                .long("set-disk-quota-for-fs")
+                .value_name("SET_DISK_QUOTA_FOR_FS")
+        )
 }
 
 /// When compute_ctl is killed, send also termination signal to sync-safekeepers

compute_tools/src/compute.rs

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ use std::sync::atomic::AtomicU32;
 use std::sync::atomic::Ordering;
 use std::sync::{Condvar, Mutex, RwLock};
 use std::thread;
+use std::time::Duration;
 use std::time::Instant;
 
 use anyhow::{Context, Result};
@@ -33,6 +34,7 @@ use nix::sys::signal::{kill, Signal};
 use remote_storage::{DownloadError, RemotePath};
 
 use crate::checker::create_availability_check_data;
+use crate::local_proxy;
 use crate::logger::inlinify;
 use crate::pg_helpers::*;
 use crate::spec::*;
@@ -305,6 +307,13 @@ impl ComputeNode {
         self.state_changed.notify_all();
     }
 
+    pub fn set_failed_status(&self, err: anyhow::Error) {
+        let mut state = self.state.lock().unwrap();
+        state.error = Some(format!("{err:?}"));
+        state.status = ComputeStatus::Failed;
+        self.state_changed.notify_all();
+    }
+
     pub fn get_status(&self) -> ComputeStatus {
         self.state.lock().unwrap().status
     }
@@ -710,7 +719,7 @@ impl ComputeNode {
         info!("running initdb");
         let initdb_bin = Path::new(&self.pgbin).parent().unwrap().join("initdb");
         Command::new(initdb_bin)
-            .args(["-D", pgdata])
+            .args(["--pgdata", pgdata])
             .output()
             .expect("cannot start initdb process");
 
@@ -878,6 +887,11 @@ impl ComputeNode {
         // 'Close' connection
         drop(client);
 
+        if let Some(ref local_proxy) = spec.local_proxy_config {
+            info!("configuring local_proxy");
+            local_proxy::configure(local_proxy).context("apply_config local_proxy")?;
+        }
+
         // Run migrations separately to not hold up cold starts
         thread::spawn(move || {
             let mut connstr = connstr.clone();
@@ -928,6 +942,19 @@ impl ComputeNode {
             });
         }
 
+        if let Some(ref local_proxy) = spec.local_proxy_config {
+            info!("configuring local_proxy");
+
+            // Spawn a thread to do the configuration,
+            // so that we don't block the main thread that starts Postgres.
+            let local_proxy = local_proxy.clone();
+            let _handle = Some(thread::spawn(move || {
+                if let Err(err) = local_proxy::configure(&local_proxy) {
+                    error!("error while configuring local_proxy: {err:?}");
+                }
+            }));
+        }
+
         // Write new config
         let pgdata_path = Path::new(&self.pgdata);
         let postgresql_conf_path = pgdata_path.join("postgresql.conf");
@@ -1015,6 +1042,19 @@ impl ComputeNode {
             });
         }
 
+        if let Some(local_proxy) = &pspec.spec.local_proxy_config {
+            info!("configuring local_proxy");
+
+            // Spawn a thread to do the configuration,
+            // so that we don't block the main thread that starts Postgres.
+            let local_proxy = local_proxy.clone();
+            let _handle = thread::spawn(move || {
+                if let Err(err) = local_proxy::configure(&local_proxy) {
+                    error!("error while configuring local_proxy: {err:?}");
+                }
+            });
+        }
+
         info!(
             "start_compute spec.remote_extensions {:?}",
             pspec.spec.remote_extensions
@@ -1052,19 +1092,26 @@ impl ComputeNode {
         let pg_process = self.start_postgres(pspec.storage_auth_token.clone())?;
 
         let config_time = Utc::now();
-        if pspec.spec.mode == ComputeMode::Primary && !pspec.spec.skip_pg_catalog_updates {
-            let pgdata_path = Path::new(&self.pgdata);
-            // temporarily reset max_cluster_size in config
-            // to avoid the possibility of hitting the limit, while we are applying config:
-            // creating new extensions, roles, etc...
-            config::with_compute_ctl_tmp_override(pgdata_path, "neon.max_cluster_size=-1", || {
+        if pspec.spec.mode == ComputeMode::Primary {
+            if !pspec.spec.skip_pg_catalog_updates {
+                let pgdata_path = Path::new(&self.pgdata);
+                // temporarily reset max_cluster_size in config
+                // to avoid the possibility of hitting the limit, while we are applying config:
+                // creating new extensions, roles, etc...
+                config::with_compute_ctl_tmp_override(
+                    pgdata_path,
+                    "neon.max_cluster_size=-1",
+                    || {
+                        self.pg_reload_conf()?;
+
+                        self.apply_config(&compute_state)?;
+
+                        Ok(())
+                    },
+                )?;
                 self.pg_reload_conf()?;
-
-                self.apply_config(&compute_state)?;
-
-                Ok(())
-            })?;
-            self.pg_reload_conf()?;
+            }
+            self.post_apply_config()?;
         }
 
         let startup_end_time = Utc::now();
@@ -1123,6 +1170,9 @@ impl ComputeNode {
     //
     // Use that as a default location and pattern, except macos where core dumps are written
     // to /cores/ directory by default.
+    //
+    // With default Linux settings, the core dump file is called just "core", so check for
+    // that too.
     pub fn check_for_core_dumps(&self) -> Result<()> {
         let core_dump_dir = match std::env::consts::OS {
             "macos" => Path::new("/cores/"),
@@ -1134,8 +1184,17 @@ impl ComputeNode {
         let files = fs::read_dir(core_dump_dir)?;
         let cores = files.filter_map(|entry| {
             let entry = entry.ok()?;
-            let _ = entry.file_name().to_str()?.strip_prefix("core.")?;
-            Some(entry.path())
+
+            let is_core_dump = match entry.file_name().to_str()? {
+                n if n.starts_with("core.") => true,
+                "core" => true,
+                _ => false,
+            };
+            if is_core_dump {
+                Some(entry.path())
+            } else {
+                None
+            }
         });
 
         // Print backtrace for each core dump
@@ -1386,6 +1445,36 @@ LIMIT 100",
         }
         Ok(remote_ext_metrics)
     }
+
+    /// Waits until current thread receives a state changed notification and
+    /// the pageserver connection strings has changed.
+    ///
+    /// The operation will time out after a specified duration.
+    pub fn wait_timeout_while_pageserver_connstr_unchanged(&self, duration: Duration) {
+        let state = self.state.lock().unwrap();
+        let old_pageserver_connstr = state
+            .pspec
+            .as_ref()
+            .expect("spec must be set")
+            .pageserver_connstr
+            .clone();
+        let mut unchanged = true;
+        let _ = self
+            .state_changed
+            .wait_timeout_while(state, duration, |s| {
+                let pageserver_connstr = &s
+                    .pspec
+                    .as_ref()
+                    .expect("spec must be set")
+                    .pageserver_connstr;
+                unchanged = pageserver_connstr == &old_pageserver_connstr;
+                unchanged
+            })
+            .unwrap();
+        if !unchanged {
+            info!("Pageserver config changed");
+        }
+    }
 }
 
 pub fn forward_termination_signal() {

compute_tools/src/configurator.rs

@@ -11,9 +11,17 @@ use crate::compute::ComputeNode;
 fn configurator_main_loop(compute: &Arc<ComputeNode>) {
     info!("waiting for reconfiguration requests");
     loop {
-        let state = compute.state.lock().unwrap();
-        let mut state = compute.state_changed.wait(state).unwrap();
+        let mut state = compute.state.lock().unwrap();
 
+        // We have to re-check the status after re-acquiring the lock because it could be that
+        // the status has changed while we were waiting for the lock, and we might not need to
+        // wait on the condition variable. Otherwise, we might end up in some soft-/deadlock, i.e.
+        // we are waiting for a condition variable that will never be signaled.
+        if state.status != ComputeStatus::ConfigurationPending {
+            state = compute.state_changed.wait(state).unwrap();
+        }
+
+        // Re-check the status after waking up
         if state.status == ComputeStatus::ConfigurationPending {
             info!("got configuration request");
             state.status = ComputeStatus::Configuration;

compute_tools/src/disk_quota.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+use anyhow::Context;
+
+pub const DISK_QUOTA_BIN: &str = "/neonvm/bin/set-disk-quota";
+
+/// If size_bytes is 0, it disables the quota. Otherwise, it sets filesystem quota to size_bytes.
+/// `fs_mountpoint` should point to the mountpoint of the filesystem where the quota should be set.
+pub fn set_disk_quota(size_bytes: u64, fs_mountpoint: &str) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    let size_kb = size_bytes / 1024;
+    // run `/neonvm/bin/set-disk-quota {size_kb} {mountpoint}`
+    let child_result = std::process::Command::new("/usr/bin/sudo")
+        .arg(DISK_QUOTA_BIN)
+        .arg(size_kb.to_string())
+        .arg(fs_mountpoint)
+        .spawn();
+
+    child_result
+        .context("spawn() failed")
+        .and_then(|mut child| child.wait().context("wait() failed"))
+        .and_then(|status| match status.success() {
+            true => Ok(()),
+            false => Err(anyhow::anyhow!("process exited with {status}")),
+        })
+        // wrap any prior error with the overall context that we couldn't run the command
+        .with_context(|| format!("could not run `/usr/bin/sudo {DISK_QUOTA_BIN}`"))
+}

compute_tools/src/lib.rs

@@ -2,6 +2,9 @@
 //! configuration.
 #![deny(unsafe_code)]
 #![deny(clippy::undocumented_unsafe_blocks)]
+
+extern crate hyper0 as hyper;
+
 pub mod checker;
 pub mod config;
 pub mod configurator;
@@ -10,7 +13,9 @@ pub mod http;
 pub mod logger;
 pub mod catalog;
 pub mod compute;
+pub mod disk_quota;
 pub mod extension_server;
+pub mod local_proxy;
 pub mod lsn_lease;
 mod migration;
 pub mod monitor;

compute_tools/src/local_proxy.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+//! Local Proxy is a feature of our BaaS Neon Authorize project.
+//!
+//! Local Proxy validates JWTs and manages the pg_session_jwt extension.
+//! It also maintains a connection pool to postgres.
+
+use anyhow::{Context, Result};
+use camino::Utf8Path;
+use compute_api::spec::LocalProxySpec;
+use nix::sys::signal::Signal;
+use utils::pid_file::{self, PidFileRead};
+
+pub fn configure(local_proxy: &LocalProxySpec) -> Result<()> {
+    write_local_proxy_conf("/etc/local_proxy/config.json".as_ref(), local_proxy)?;
+    notify_local_proxy("/etc/local_proxy/pid".as_ref())?;
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+/// Create or completely rewrite configuration file specified by `path`
+fn write_local_proxy_conf(path: &Utf8Path, local_proxy: &LocalProxySpec) -> Result<()> {
+    let config =
+        serde_json::to_string_pretty(local_proxy).context("serializing LocalProxySpec to json")?;
+    std::fs::write(path, config).with_context(|| format!("writing {path}"))?;
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+/// Notify local proxy about a new config file.
+fn notify_local_proxy(path: &Utf8Path) -> Result<()> {
+    match pid_file::read(path)? {
+        // if the file doesn't exist, or isn't locked, local_proxy isn't running
+        // and will naturally pick up our config later
+        PidFileRead::NotExist | PidFileRead::NotHeldByAnyProcess(_) => {}
+        PidFileRead::LockedByOtherProcess(pid) => {
+            // From the pid_file docs:
+            //
+            // > 1. The other process might exit at any time, turning the given PID stale.
+            // > 2. There is a small window in which `claim_for_current_process` has already
+            // >    locked the file but not yet updates its contents. [`read`] will return
+            // >    this variant here, but with the old file contents, i.e., a stale PID.
+            // >
+            // > The kernel is free to recycle PID once it has been `wait(2)`ed upon by
+            // > its creator. Thus, acting upon a stale PID, e.g., by issuing a `kill`
+            // > system call on it, bears the risk of killing an unrelated process.
+            // > This is an inherent limitation of using pidfiles.
+            // > The only race-free solution is to have a supervisor-process with a lifetime
+            // > that exceeds that of all of its child-processes (e.g., `runit`, `supervisord`).
+            //
+            // This is an ok risk as we only send a SIGHUP which likely won't actually
+            // kill the process, only reload config.
+            nix::sys::signal::kill(pid, Signal::SIGHUP).context("sending signal to local_proxy")?;
+        }
+    }
+
+    Ok(())
+}

compute_tools/src/logger.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-use tracing_opentelemetry::OpenTelemetryLayer;
 use tracing_subscriber::layer::SubscriberExt;
 use tracing_subscriber::prelude::*;
 
@@ -23,8 +22,7 @@ pub fn init_tracing_and_logging(default_log_level: &str) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
         .with_writer(std::io::stderr);
 
     // Initialize OpenTelemetry
-    let otlp_layer =
-        tracing_utils::init_tracing_without_runtime("compute_ctl").map(OpenTelemetryLayer::new);
+    let otlp_layer = tracing_utils::init_tracing_without_runtime("compute_ctl");
 
     // Put it all together
     tracing_subscriber::registry()

compute_tools/src/lsn_lease.rs

@@ -57,10 +57,10 @@ fn lsn_lease_bg_task(
             .max(valid_duration / 2);
 
         info!(
-            "Succeeded, sleeping for {} seconds",
+            "Request succeeded, sleeping for {} seconds",
             sleep_duration.as_secs()
         );
-        thread::sleep(sleep_duration);
+        compute.wait_timeout_while_pageserver_connstr_unchanged(sleep_duration);
     }
 }
 
@@ -89,10 +89,7 @@ fn acquire_lsn_lease_with_retry(
                 .map(|connstr| {
                     let mut config = postgres::Config::from_str(connstr).expect("Invalid connstr");
                     if let Some(storage_auth_token) = &spec.storage_auth_token {
-                        info!("Got storage auth token from spec file");
                         config.password(storage_auth_token.clone());
-                    } else {
-                        info!("Storage auth token not set");
                     }
                     config
                 })
@@ -108,9 +105,11 @@ fn acquire_lsn_lease_with_retry(
                 bail!("Permanent error: lease could not be obtained, LSN is behind the GC cutoff");
             }
             Err(e) => {
-                warn!("Failed to acquire lsn lease: {e} (attempt {attempts}");
+                warn!("Failed to acquire lsn lease: {e} (attempt {attempts})");
 
-                thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(retry_period_ms as u64));
+                compute.wait_timeout_while_pageserver_connstr_unchanged(Duration::from_millis(
+                    retry_period_ms as u64,
+                ));
                 retry_period_ms *= 1.5;
                 retry_period_ms = retry_period_ms.min(MAX_RETRY_PERIOD_MS);
             }

control_plane/Cargo.toml

@@ -9,12 +9,12 @@ anyhow.workspace = true
 camino.workspace = true
 clap.workspace = true
 comfy-table.workspace = true
-git-version.workspace = true
+futures.workspace = true
 humantime.workspace = true
 nix.workspace = true
 once_cell.workspace = true
 humantime-serde.workspace = true
-hyper.workspace = true
+hyper0.workspace = true
 regex.workspace = true
 reqwest = { workspace = true, features = ["blocking", "json"] }
 scopeguard.workspace = true

control_plane/src/branch_mappings.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+//! Branch mappings for convenience
+
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+use std::fs;
+use std::path::Path;
+
+use anyhow::{bail, Context};
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+
+use utils::id::{TenantId, TenantTimelineId, TimelineId};
+
+/// Keep human-readable aliases in memory (and persist them to config XXX), to hide tenant/timeline hex strings from the user.
+#[derive(PartialEq, Eq, Clone, Debug, Default, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(default, deny_unknown_fields)]
+pub struct BranchMappings {
+    /// Default tenant ID to use with the 'neon_local' command line utility, when
+    /// --tenant_id is not explicitly specified. This comes from the branches.
+    pub default_tenant_id: Option<TenantId>,
+
+    // A `HashMap<String, HashMap<TenantId, TimelineId>>` would be more appropriate here,
+    // but deserialization into a generic toml object as `toml::Value::try_from` fails with an error.
+    // https://toml.io/en/v1.0.0 does not contain a concept of "a table inside another table".
+    pub mappings: HashMap<String, Vec<(TenantId, TimelineId)>>,
+}
+
+impl BranchMappings {
+    pub fn register_branch_mapping(
+        &mut self,
+        branch_name: String,
+        tenant_id: TenantId,
+        timeline_id: TimelineId,
+    ) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let existing_values = self.mappings.entry(branch_name.clone()).or_default();
+
+        let existing_ids = existing_values
+            .iter()
+            .find(|(existing_tenant_id, _)| existing_tenant_id == &tenant_id);
+
+        if let Some((_, old_timeline_id)) = existing_ids {
+            if old_timeline_id == &timeline_id {
+                Ok(())
+            } else {
+                bail!("branch '{branch_name}' is already mapped to timeline {old_timeline_id}, cannot map to another timeline {timeline_id}");
+            }
+        } else {
+            existing_values.push((tenant_id, timeline_id));
+            Ok(())
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn get_branch_timeline_id(
+        &self,
+        branch_name: &str,
+        tenant_id: TenantId,
+    ) -> Option<TimelineId> {
+        // If it looks like a timeline ID, return it as it is
+        if let Ok(timeline_id) = branch_name.parse::<TimelineId>() {
+            return Some(timeline_id);
+        }
+
+        self.mappings
+            .get(branch_name)?
+            .iter()
+            .find(|(mapped_tenant_id, _)| mapped_tenant_id == &tenant_id)
+            .map(|&(_, timeline_id)| timeline_id)
+            .map(TimelineId::from)
+    }
+
+    pub fn timeline_name_mappings(&self) -> HashMap<TenantTimelineId, String> {
+        self.mappings
+            .iter()
+            .flat_map(|(name, tenant_timelines)| {
+                tenant_timelines.iter().map(|&(tenant_id, timeline_id)| {
+                    (TenantTimelineId::new(tenant_id, timeline_id), name.clone())
+                })
+            })
+            .collect()
+    }
+
+    pub fn persist(&self, path: &Path) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let content = &toml::to_string_pretty(self)?;
+        fs::write(path, content).with_context(|| {
+            format!(
+                "Failed to write branch information into path '{}'",
+                path.display()
+            )
+        })
+    }
+
+    pub fn load(path: &Path) -> anyhow::Result<BranchMappings> {
+        let branches_file_contents = fs::read_to_string(path)?;
+        Ok(toml::from_str(branches_file_contents.as_str())?)
+    }
+}

control_plane/src/endpoint.rs

@@ -561,6 +561,7 @@ impl Endpoint {
             operation_uuid: None,
             features: self.features.clone(),
             swap_size_bytes: None,
+            disk_quota_bytes: None,
             cluster: Cluster {
                 cluster_id: None, // project ID: not used
                 name: None,       // project name: not used
@@ -598,6 +599,7 @@ impl Endpoint {
             remote_extensions,
             pgbouncer_settings: None,
             shard_stripe_size: Some(shard_stripe_size),
+            local_proxy_config: None,
         };
         let spec_path = self.endpoint_path().join("spec.json");
         std::fs::write(spec_path, serde_json::to_string_pretty(&spec)?)?;

control_plane/src/local_env.rs

@@ -168,6 +168,9 @@ pub struct NeonStorageControllerConf {
 
     #[serde(with = "humantime_serde")]
     pub heartbeat_interval: Duration,
+
+    #[serde(with = "humantime_serde")]
+    pub long_reconcile_threshold: Option<Duration>,
 }
 
 impl NeonStorageControllerConf {
@@ -190,6 +193,7 @@ impl Default for NeonStorageControllerConf {
             split_threshold: None,
             max_secondary_lag_bytes: None,
             heartbeat_interval: Self::DEFAULT_HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL,
+            long_reconcile_threshold: None,
         }
     }
 }

control_plane/src/safekeeper.rs

@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ impl SafekeeperNode {
 
     pub async fn start(
         &self,
-        extra_opts: Vec<String>,
+        extra_opts: &[String],
         retry_timeout: &Duration,
     ) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
         print!(
@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ impl SafekeeperNode {
             ]);
         }
 
-        args.extend(extra_opts);
+        args.extend_from_slice(extra_opts);
 
         background_process::start_process(
             &format!("safekeeper-{id}"),

control_plane/src/storage_controller.rs

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ use crate::{
     local_env::{LocalEnv, NeonStorageControllerConf},
 };
 use camino::{Utf8Path, Utf8PathBuf};
-use hyper::Uri;
+use hyper0::Uri;
 use nix::unistd::Pid;
 use pageserver_api::{
     controller_api::{
@@ -347,7 +347,7 @@ impl StorageController {
 
             if !tokio::fs::try_exists(&pg_data_path).await? {
                 let initdb_args = [
-                    "-D",
+                    "--pgdata",
                     pg_data_path.as_ref(),
                     "--username",
                     &username(),
@@ -517,6 +517,13 @@ impl StorageController {
             args.push(format!("--max-secondary-lag-bytes={lag}"))
         }
 
+        if let Some(threshold) = self.config.long_reconcile_threshold {
+            args.push(format!(
+                "--long-reconcile-threshold={}",
+                humantime::Duration::from(threshold)
+            ))
+        }
+
         args.push(format!(
             "--neon-local-repo-dir={}",
             self.env.base_data_dir.display()

control_plane/storcon_cli/src/main.rs

@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ use std::{str::FromStr, time::Duration};
 use clap::{Parser, Subcommand};
 use pageserver_api::{
     controller_api::{
-        NodeAvailabilityWrapper, NodeDescribeResponse, NodeShardResponse, ShardSchedulingPolicy,
-        TenantCreateRequest, TenantDescribeResponse, TenantPolicyRequest,
+        AvailabilityZone, NodeAvailabilityWrapper, NodeDescribeResponse, NodeShardResponse,
+        ShardSchedulingPolicy, TenantCreateRequest, TenantDescribeResponse, TenantPolicyRequest,
     },
     models::{
         EvictionPolicy, EvictionPolicyLayerAccessThreshold, LocationConfigSecondary,
@@ -339,7 +339,7 @@ async fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
                         listen_pg_port,
                         listen_http_addr,
                         listen_http_port,
-                        availability_zone_id,
+                        availability_zone_id: AvailabilityZone(availability_zone_id),
                     }),
                 )
                 .await?;

docs/docker.md

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 Currently we build two main images:
 
 - [neondatabase/neon](https://hub.docker.com/repository/docker/neondatabase/neon) — image with pre-built `pageserver`, `safekeeper` and `proxy` binaries and all the required runtime dependencies. Built from [/Dockerfile](/Dockerfile).
-- [neondatabase/compute-node-v16](https://hub.docker.com/repository/docker/neondatabase/compute-node-v16) — compute node image with pre-built Postgres binaries from [neondatabase/postgres](https://github.com/neondatabase/postgres). Similar images exist for v15 and v14.
+- [neondatabase/compute-node-v16](https://hub.docker.com/repository/docker/neondatabase/compute-node-v16) — compute node image with pre-built Postgres binaries from [neondatabase/postgres](https://github.com/neondatabase/postgres). Similar images exist for v15 and v14. Built from [/compute-node/Dockerfile](/compute/Dockerfile.compute-node).
 
 And additional intermediate image:
 

docs/rfcs/038-aux-file-v2.md

@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+# AUX file v2
+
+## Summary
+
+This is a retrospective RFC describing a new storage strategy for AUX files.
+
+## Motivation
+
+The original aux file storage strategy stores everything in a single `AUX_FILES_KEY`.
+Every time the compute node streams a `neon-file` record to the pageserver, it will
+update the aux file hash map, and then write the serialized hash map into the key.
+This creates serious space bloat. There was a fix to log delta records (i.e., update
+a key in the hash map) to the aux file key. In this way, the pageserver only stores
+the deltas at each of the LSNs. However, this improved v1 storage strategy still
+requires us to store everything in an aux file cache in memory, because we cannot
+fetch a single key (or file) from the compound `AUX_FILES_KEY`.
+
+### Prior art
+
+For storing large amount of small files, we can use a key-value store where the key
+is the filename and the value is the file content.
+
+## Requirements
+
+- No space bloat, fixed space amplification.
+- No write bloat, fixed write amplification.
+
+## Impacted Components
+
+pageserver
+
+## Sparse Keyspace
+
+In pageserver, we had assumed the keyspaces are always contiguous. For example, if the keyspace 0x0000-0xFFFF
+exists in the pageserver, every single key in the key range would exist in the storage. Based on the prior
+assumption, there are code that traverses the keyspace by iterating every single key.
+
+```rust
+loop {
+    // do something
+    key = key.next();
+}
+```
+
+If a keyspace is very large, for example, containing `2^64` keys, this loop will take infinite time to run.
+Therefore, we introduce the concept of sparse keyspace in this RFC. For a sparse keyspace, not every key would
+exist in the key range. Developers should not attempt to iterate every single key in the keyspace. Instead,
+they should fetch all the layer files in the key range, and then do a merge of them.
+
+In aux file v2, we store aux files within the sparse keyspace of the prefix `AUX_KEY_PREFIX`.
+
+## AUX v2 Keyspace and Key Mapping
+
+Pageserver uses fixed-size keys. The key is 128b. In order to store files of arbitrary filenames into the
+keyspace, we assign a predetermined prefix based on the directory storing the aux file, and use the FNV hash
+of the filename for the rest bits of the key. The encoding scheme is defined in `encode_aux_file_key`.
+
+For example, `pg_logical/mappings/test1` will be encoded as:
+
+```
+62 0000 01 01 7F8B83D94F7081693471ABF91C
+^ aux prefix
+        ^ assigned prefix of pg_logical/
+           ^ assigned prefix of mappings/
+              ^ 13B FNV hash of test1
+   ^ not used due to key representation
+```
+
+The prefixes of the directories should be assigned every time we add a new type of aux file into the storage within `aux_file.rs`. For all directories without an assigned prefix, it will be put into the `0xFFFF` keyspace.
+
+Note that inside pageserver, there are two representations of the keys: the 18B full key representation
+and the 16B compact key representation. For the 18B representation, some fields have restricted ranges
+of values. Therefore, the aux keys only use the 16B compact portion of the full key.
+
+It is possible that two files get mapped to the same key due to hash collision. Therefore, the value of
+each of the aux key is an array that contains all filenames and file content that should be stored in
+this key.
+
+We use `Value::Image` to store the aux keys. Therefore, page reconstruction works in the same way as before,
+and we do not need addition code to support reconstructing the value. We simply get the latest image from
+the storage.
+
+## Inbound Logical Replication Key Mapping
+
+For inbound logical replication, Postgres needs the `replorigin_checkpoint` file to store the data.
+This file not directly stored in the pageserver using the aux v2 mechanism. It is constructed during
+generating the basebackup by scanning the `REPL_ORIGIN_KEY_PREFIX` keyspace.
+
+## Sparse Keyspace Read Path
+
+There are two places we need to read the aux files from the pageserver:
+
+* On the write path, when the compute node adds an aux file to the pageserver, we will retrieve the key from the storage, append the file to the hashed key, and write it back. The current `get` API already supports that.
+*  We use the vectored get API to retrieve all aux files during generating the basebackup. Because we need to scan a sparse keyspace, we slightly modified the vectored get path. The vectorized API will attempt to retrieve every single key within the requested key range, and therefore, we modified it in a way that keys within `NON_INHERITED_SPARSE_RANGE` will not trigger missing key error.
+
+## Compaction and Image Layer Generation
+
+With the add of sparse keyspaces, we also modified the compaction code to accommodate the fact that sparse keyspaces do not have every single key stored in the storage.
+
+* L0 compaction: we modified the hole computation code so that it can handle sparse keyspaces when computing holes.
+* Image layer creation: instead of calling `key.next()` and getting/reconstructing images for every single key, we use the vectored get API to scan all keys in the keyspace at a given LSN. Image layers are only created if there are too many delta layers between the latest LSN and the last image layer we generated for sparse keyspaces. The created image layer always cover the full aux key range for now, and could be optimized later.
+
+## Migration
+
+We decided not to make the new aux storage strategy (v1) compatible with the original one (v1). One feasible way of doing a seamless migration is to store new data in aux v2 while old data in aux v1, but this complicates file deletions. We want all users to start with a clean state with no aux files in the storage, and therefore, we need to do manual migrations for users using aux v1 by using the [migration script](https://github.com/neondatabase/aux_v2_migration).
+
+During the period of migration, we store the aux policy in the `index_part.json` file. When a tenant is attached
+with no policy set, the pageserver will scan the aux file keyspaces to identify the current aux policy being used (v1 or v2).
+
+If a timeline has aux v1 files stored, it will use aux file policy v1 unless we do a manual migration for them. Otherwise, the default aux file policy for new timelines is aux v2. Users enrolled in logical replication before we set aux v2 as default use aux v1 policy. Users who tried setting up inbound replication (which was not supported at that time) may also create some file entries in aux v1 store, even if they did not enroll in the logical replication testing program.
+
+The code for aux v2 migration is in https://github.com/neondatabase/aux_v2_migration. The toolkit scans all projects with logical replication enabled. For all these projects, it put the computes into maintenance mode (suspend all of then), call the migration API to switch the aux file policy on the pageserver (which drops all replication states), and restart all the computes.

docs/rfcs/038-independent-compute-release.md

@@ -0,0 +1,343 @@
+# Independent compute release
+
+Created at: 2024-08-30. Author: Alexey Kondratov (@ololobus)
+
+## Summary
+
+This document proposes an approach to fully independent compute release flow. It attempts to
+cover the following features:
+
+- Process is automated as much as possible to minimize human errors.
+- Compute<->storage protocol compatibility is ensured.
+- A transparent release history is available with an easy rollback strategy.
+- Although not in the scope of this document, there is a viable way to extend the proposed release
+  flow to achieve the canary and/or blue-green deployment strategies.
+
+## Motivation
+
+Previously, the compute release was tightly coupled to the storage release. This meant that once
+some storage nodes got restarted with a newer version, all new compute starts using these nodes
+automatically got a new version. Thus, two releases happen in parallel, which increases the blast
+radius and makes ownership fuzzy.
+
+Now, we practice a manual v0 independent compute release flow -- after getting a new compute release
+image and tag, we pin it region by region using Admin UI. It's better, but it still has its own flaws:
+
+1. It's a simple but fairly manual process, as you need to click through a few pages.
+2. It's prone to human errors, e.g., you could mistype or copy the wrong compute tag.
+3. We now require an additional approval in the Admin UI, which partially solves the 2.,
+   but also makes the whole process pretty annoying, as you constantly need to go back
+   and forth between two people.
+
+## Non-goals
+
+It's not the goal of this document to propose a design for some general-purpose release tool like Helm.
+The document considers how the current compute fleet is orchestrated at Neon. Even if we later
+decide to split the control plane further (e.g., introduce a separate compute controller), the proposed
+release process shouldn't change much, i.e., the releases table and API will reside in
+one of the parts.
+
+Achieving the canary and/or blue-green deploy strategies is out of the scope of this document. They
+were kept in mind, though, so it's expected that the proposed approach will lay down the foundation
+for implementing them in future iterations.
+
+## Impacted components
+
+Compute, control plane, CI, observability (some Grafana dashboards may require changes).
+
+## Prior art
+
+One of the very close examples is how Helm tracks [releases history](https://helm.sh/docs/helm/helm_history/).
+
+In the code:
+
+- [Release](https://github.com/helm/helm/blob/2b30cf4b61d587d3f7594102bb202b787b9918db/pkg/release/release.go#L20-L43)
+- [Release info](https://github.com/helm/helm/blob/2b30cf4b61d587d3f7594102bb202b787b9918db/pkg/release/info.go#L24-L40)
+- [Release status](https://github.com/helm/helm/blob/2b30cf4b61d587d3f7594102bb202b787b9918db/pkg/release/status.go#L18-L42)
+
+TL;DR it has several important attributes:
+
+- Revision -- unique release ID/primary key. It is not the same as the application version,
+  because the same version can be deployed several times, e.g., after a newer version rollback.
+- App version -- version of the application chart/code.
+- Config -- set of overrides to the default config of the application.
+- Status -- current status of the release in the history.
+- Timestamps -- tracks when a release was created and deployed.
+
+## Proposed implementation
+
+### Separate release branch
+
+We will use a separate release branch, `release-compute`, to have a clean history for releases and commits.
+In order to avoid confusion with storage releases, we will use a different prefix for compute [git release
+tags](https://github.com/neondatabase/neon/releases) -- `release-compute-XXXX`. We will use the same tag for
+Docker images as well. The `neondatabase/compute-node-v16:release-compute-XXXX` looks longer and a bit redundant,
+but it's better to have image and git tags in sync.
+
+Currently, control plane relies on the numeric compute and storage release versions to decide on compute->storage
+compatibility. Once we implement this proposal, we should drop this code as release numbers will be completely
+independent. The only constraint we want is that it must monotonically increase within the same release branch.
+
+### Compute config/settings manifest
+
+We will create a new sub-directory `compute` and file `compute/manifest.yaml` with a structure:
+
+```yaml
+pg_settings:
+  # Common settings for primaries and secondaries of all versions.
+  common:
+    wal_log_hints: "off"
+    max_wal_size: "1024"
+
+  per_version:
+    14:
+      # Common settings for both replica and primary of version PG 14
+      common:
+        shared_preload_libraries: "neon,pg_stat_statements,extension_x"
+    15:
+      common:
+        shared_preload_libraries: "neon,pg_stat_statements,extension_x"
+      # Settings that should be applied only to
+      replica:
+        # Available only starting Postgres 15th
+        recovery_prefetch: "off"
+    # ...
+    17:
+      common:
+        # For example, if third-party `extension_x` is not yet available for PG 17
+        shared_preload_libraries: "neon,pg_stat_statements"
+      replica:
+        recovery_prefetch: "off"
+```
+
+**N.B.** Setting value should be a string with `on|off` for booleans and a number (as a string)
+without units for all numeric settings. That's how the control plane currently operates.
+
+The priority of settings will be (a higher number is a higher priority):
+
+1. Any static and hard-coded settings in the control plane
+2. `pg_settings->common`
+3. Per-version `common`
+4. Per-version `replica`
+5. Any per-user/project/endpoint overrides in the control plane
+6. Any dynamic setting calculated based on the compute size
+
+**N.B.** For simplicity, we do not do any custom logic for `shared_preload_libraries`, so it's completely
+overridden if specified on some level. Make sure that you include all necessary extensions in it when you
+do any overrides.
+
+**N.B.** There is a tricky question about what to do with custom compute image pinning we sometimes
+do for particular projects and customers. That's usually some ad-hoc work and images are based on
+the latest compute image, so it's relatively safe to assume that we could use settings from the latest compute
+release. If for some reason that's not true, and further overrides are needed, it's also possible to do
+on the project level together with pinning the image, so it's on-call/engineer/support responsibility to
+ensure that compute starts with the specified custom image. The only real risk is that compute image will get
+stale and settings from new releases will drift away, so eventually it will get something incompatible,
+but i) this is some operational issue, as we do not want stale images anyway, and ii) base settings
+receive something really new so rarely that the chance of this happening is very low. If we want to solve it completely,
+then together with pinning the image we could also pin the matching release revision in the control plane.
+
+The compute team will own the content of `compute/manifest.yaml`.
+
+### Control plane: releases table
+
+In order to store information about releases, the control plane will use a table `compute_releases` with the following
+schema:
+
+```sql
+CREATE TABLE compute_releases (
+  -- Unique release ID
+  -- N.B. Revision won't by synchronized across all regions, because all control planes are technically independent
+  -- services. We have the same situation with Helm releases as well because they could be deployed and rolled back
+  -- independently in different clusters.
+  revision BIGSERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
+  -- Numeric version of the compute image, e.g. 9057
+  version BIGINT NOT NULL,
+  -- Compute image tag, e.g. `release-9057`
+  tag TEXT NOT NULL,
+  -- Current release status. Currently, it will be a simple enum
+  -- * `deployed` -- release is deployed and used for new compute starts.
+  --                 Exactly one release can have this status at a time.
+  -- * `superseded` -- release has been replaced by a newer one.
+  -- But we can always extend it in the future when we need more statuses
+  -- for more complex deployment strategies.
+  status TEXT NOT NULL,
+  -- Any additional metadata for compute in the corresponding release
+  manifest JSONB NOT NULL,
+  -- Timestamp when release record was created in the control plane database
+  created_at TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT now(),
+  -- Timestamp when release deployment was finished
+  deployed_at TIMESTAMP
+);
+```
+
+We keep track of the old releases not only for the sake of audit, but also because we usually have ~30% of
+old computes started using the image from one of the previous releases. Yet, when users want to reconfigure
+them without restarting, the control plane needs to know what settings are applicable to them, so we also need
+information about the previous releases that are readily available. There could be some other auxiliary info
+needed as well: supported extensions, compute flags, etc.
+
+**N.B.** Here, we can end up in an ambiguous situation when the same compute image is deployed twice, e.g.,
+it was deployed once, then rolled back, and then deployed again, potentially with a different manifest. Yet,
+we could've started some computes with the first deployment and some with the second. Thus, when we need to
+look up the manifest for the compute by its image tag, we will see two records in the table with the same tag,
+but different revision numbers. We can assume that this could happen only in case of rollbacks, so we
+can just take the latest revision for the given tag.
+
+### Control plane: management API
+
+The control plane will implement new API methods to manage releases:
+
+1. `POST /management/api/v2/compute_releases` to create a new release. With payload
+
+   ```json
+    {
+      "version": 9057,
+      "tag": "release-9057",
+      "manifest": {}
+    }
+   ```
+
+   and response
+
+   ```json
+    {
+      "revision": 53,
+      "version": 9057,
+      "tag": "release-9057",
+      "status": "deployed",
+      "manifest": {},
+      "created_at": "2024-08-15T15:52:01.0000Z",
+      "deployed_at": "2024-08-15T15:52:01.0000Z",
+    }
+   ```
+
+   Here, we can actually mix-in custom (remote) extensions metadata into the `manifest`, so that the control plane
+   will get information about all available extensions not bundled into compute image. The corresponding
+   workflow in `neondatabase/build-custom-extensions` should produce it as an artifact and make
+   it accessible to the workflow in the `neondatabase/infra`. See the complete release flow below. Doing that,
+   we put a constraint that new custom extension requires new compute release, which is good for the safety,
+   but is not exactly what we want operational-wise (we want to be able to deploy new extensions without new
+   images). Yet, it can be solved incrementally: v0 -- do not do anything with extensions at all;
+   v1 -- put them into the same manifest; v2 -- make them separate entities with their own lifecycle.
+
+   **N.B.** This method is intended to be used in CI workflows, and CI/network can be flaky. It's reasonable
+   to assume that we could retry the request several times, even though it's already succeeded. Although it's
+   not a big deal to create several identical releases one-by-one, it's better to avoid it, so the control plane
+   should check if the latest release is identical and just return `304 Not Modified` in this case.
+
+2. `POST /management/api/v2/compute_releases/rollback` to rollback to any previously deployed release. With payload
+   including the revision of the release to rollback to:
+
+   ```json
+   {
+      "revision": 52
+   }
+   ```
+
+   Rollback marks the current release as `superseded` and creates a new release with all the same data as the
+   requested revision, but with a new revision number.
+
+   This rollback API is not strictly needed, as we can just use `infra` repo workflow to deploy any
+   available tag. It's still nice to have for on-call and any urgent matters, for example, if we need
+   to rollback and GitHub is down. It's much easier to specify only the revision number vs. crafting
+   all the necessary data for the new release payload.
+
+### Compute->storage compatibility tests
+
+In order to safely release new compute versions independently from storage, we need to ensure that the currently
+deployed storage is compatible with the new compute version. Currently, we maintain backward compatibility
+in storage, but newer computes may require a newer storage version.
+
+Remote end-to-end (e2e) tests [already accept](https://github.com/neondatabase/cloud/blob/e3468d433e0d73d02b7d7e738d027f509b522408/.github/workflows/testing.yml#L43-L48)
+`storage_image_tag` and `compute_image_tag` as separate inputs. That means that we could reuse e2e tests to ensure
+compatibility between storage and compute:
+
+1. Pick the latest storage release tag and use it as `storage_image_tag`.
+2. Pick a new compute tag built in the current compute release PR and use it as `compute_image_tag`.
+   Here, we should use a temporary ECR image tag, because the final tag will be known only after the release PR is merged.
+3. Trigger e2e tests as usual.
+
+### Release flow
+
+```mermaid
+  sequenceDiagram
+
+  actor oncall as Compute on-call person
+  participant neon as neondatabase/neon
+
+  box private
+    participant cloud as neondatabase/cloud
+    participant exts as neondatabase/build-custom-extensions
+    participant infra as neondatabase/infra
+  end
+
+  box cloud
+    participant preprod as Pre-prod control plane
+    participant prod as Production control plane
+    participant k8s as Compute k8s
+  end
+
+  oncall ->> neon: Open release PR into release-compute
+
+  activate neon
+  neon ->> cloud: CI: trigger e2e compatibility tests
+  activate cloud
+  cloud -->> neon: CI: e2e tests pass
+  deactivate cloud
+  neon ->> neon: CI: pass PR checks, get approvals
+  deactivate neon
+
+  oncall ->> neon: Merge release PR into release-compute
+
+  activate neon
+  neon ->> neon: CI: pass checks, build and push images
+  neon ->> exts: CI: trigger extensions build
+  activate exts
+  exts -->> neon: CI: extensions are ready
+  deactivate exts
+  neon ->> neon: CI: create release tag
+  neon ->> infra: Trigger release workflow using the produced tag
+  deactivate neon
+
+  activate infra
+  infra ->> infra: CI: pass checks
+  infra ->> preprod: Release new compute image to pre-prod automatically <br/> POST /management/api/v2/compute_releases
+  activate preprod
+  preprod -->> infra: 200 OK
+  deactivate preprod
+
+  infra ->> infra: CI: wait for per-region production deploy approvals
+  oncall ->> infra: CI: approve deploys region by region
+  infra ->> k8s: Prewarm new compute image
+  infra ->> prod: POST /management/api/v2/compute_releases
+  activate prod
+  prod -->> infra: 200 OK
+  deactivate prod
+  deactivate infra
+```
+
+## Further work
+
+As briefly mentioned in other sections, eventually, we would like to use more complex deployment strategies.
+For example, we can pass a fraction of the total compute starts that should use the new release. Then we can
+mark the release as `partial` or `canary` and monitor its performance. If everything is fine, we can promote it
+to `deployed` status. If not, we can roll back to the previous one.
+
+## Alternatives
+
+In theory, we can try using Helm as-is:
+
+1. Write a compute Helm chart. That will actually have only some config map, which the control plane can access and read.
+   N.B. We could reuse the control plane chart as well, but then it's not a fully independent release again and even more fuzzy.
+2. The control plane will read it and start using the new compute version for new starts.
+
+Drawbacks:
+
+1. Helm releases work best if the workload is controlled by the Helm chart itself. Then you can have different
+   deployment strategies like rolling update or canary or blue/green deployments. At Neon, the compute starts are controlled
+   by control plane, so it makes it much more tricky.
+2. Releases visibility will suffer, i.e. instead of a nice table in the control plane and Admin UI, we would need to use
+   `helm` cli and/or K8s UIs like K8sLens.
+3. We do not restart all computes shortly after the new version release. This means that for some features and compatibility
+   purpose (see above) control plane may need some auxiliary info from the previous releases.

libs/compute_api/src/spec.rs

@@ -50,6 +50,16 @@ pub struct ComputeSpec {
     #[serde(default)]
     pub swap_size_bytes: Option<u64>,
 
+    /// If compute_ctl was passed `--set-disk-quota-for-fs`, a value of `Some(_)` instructs
+    /// compute_ctl to run `/neonvm/bin/set-disk-quota` with the given size and fs, when the
+    /// spec is first received.
+    ///
+    /// Both this field and `--set-disk-quota-for-fs` are required, so that the control plane's
+    /// spec generation doesn't need to be aware of the actual compute it's running on, while
+    /// guaranteeing gradual rollout of disk quota.
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub disk_quota_bytes: Option<u64>,
+
     /// Expected cluster state at the end of transition process.
     pub cluster: Cluster,
     pub delta_operations: Option<Vec<DeltaOp>>,
@@ -96,6 +106,10 @@ pub struct ComputeSpec {
     // Stripe size for pageserver sharding, in pages
     #[serde(default)]
     pub shard_stripe_size: Option<usize>,
+
+    /// Local Proxy configuration used for JWT authentication
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub local_proxy_config: Option<LocalProxySpec>,
 }
 
 /// Feature flag to signal `compute_ctl` to enable certain experimental functionality.
@@ -268,6 +282,24 @@ pub struct GenericOption {
 /// declare a `trait` on it.
 pub type GenericOptions = Option<Vec<GenericOption>>;
 
+/// Configured the local_proxy application with the relevant JWKS and roles it should
+/// use for authorizing connect requests using JWT.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Deserialize, Serialize)]
+pub struct LocalProxySpec {
+    #[serde(default)]
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub jwks: Option<Vec<JwksSettings>>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Deserialize, Serialize)]
+pub struct JwksSettings {
+    pub id: String,
+    pub role_names: Vec<String>,
+    pub jwks_url: String,
+    pub provider_name: String,
+    pub jwt_audience: Option<String>,
+}
+
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use super::*;

libs/pageserver_api/src/config.rs

@@ -296,7 +296,14 @@ pub mod defaults {
 
     pub const DEFAULT_INGEST_BATCH_SIZE: u64 = 100;
 
-    pub const DEFAULT_MAX_VECTORED_READ_BYTES: usize = 128 * 1024; // 128 KiB
+    /// Soft limit for the maximum size of a vectored read.
+    ///
+    /// This is determined by the largest NeonWalRecord that can exist (minus dbdir and reldir keys
+    /// which are bounded by the blob io limits only). As of this writing, that is a `NeonWalRecord::ClogSetCommitted` record,
+    /// with 32k xids. That's the max number of XIDS on a single CLOG page. The size of such a record
+    /// is `sizeof(Transactionid) * 32768 + (some fixed overhead from 'timestamp`, the Vec length and whatever extra serde serialization adds)`.
+    /// That is, slightly above 128 kB.
+    pub const DEFAULT_MAX_VECTORED_READ_BYTES: usize = 130 * 1024; // 130 KiB
 
     pub const DEFAULT_IMAGE_COMPRESSION: ImageCompressionAlgorithm =
         ImageCompressionAlgorithm::Zstd { level: Some(1) };

libs/pageserver_api/src/controller_api.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet};
+use std::fmt::Display;
 use std::str::FromStr;
 use std::time::{Duration, Instant};
 
@@ -57,7 +58,7 @@ pub struct NodeRegisterRequest {
     pub listen_http_addr: String,
     pub listen_http_port: u16,
 
-    pub availability_zone_id: String,
+    pub availability_zone_id: AvailabilityZone,
 }
 
 #[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)]
@@ -74,10 +75,19 @@ pub struct TenantPolicyRequest {
     pub scheduling: Option<ShardSchedulingPolicy>,
 }
 
+#[derive(Clone, Serialize, Deserialize, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
+pub struct AvailabilityZone(pub String);
+
+impl Display for AvailabilityZone {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        write!(f, "{}", self.0)
+    }
+}
+
 #[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub struct ShardsPreferredAzsRequest {
     #[serde(flatten)]
-    pub preferred_az_ids: HashMap<TenantShardId, String>,
+    pub preferred_az_ids: HashMap<TenantShardId, AvailabilityZone>,
 }
 
 #[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)]

libs/pageserver_api/src/key.rs

@@ -748,6 +748,16 @@ impl Key {
         self.field1 == 0x00 && self.field4 != 0 && self.field6 != 0xffffffff
     }
 
+    #[inline(always)]
+    pub fn is_rel_dir_key(&self) -> bool {
+        self.field1 == 0x00
+            && self.field2 != 0
+            && self.field3 != 0
+            && self.field4 == 0
+            && self.field5 == 0
+            && self.field6 == 1
+    }
+
     /// Guaranteed to return `Ok()` if [`Self::is_rel_block_key`] returns `true` for `key`.
     #[inline(always)]
     pub fn to_rel_block(self) -> anyhow::Result<(RelTag, BlockNumber)> {

libs/postgres_backend/src/lib.rs

@@ -984,6 +984,7 @@ pub fn short_error(e: &QueryError) -> String {
 }
 
 fn log_query_error(query: &str, e: &QueryError) {
+    // If you want to change the log level of a specific error, also re-categorize it in `BasebackupQueryTimeOngoingRecording`.
     match e {
         QueryError::Disconnected(ConnectionError::Io(io_error)) => {
             if is_expected_io_error(io_error) {

libs/postgres_ffi/wal_craft/src/lib.rs

@@ -93,9 +93,9 @@ impl Conf {
         );
         let output = self
             .new_pg_command("initdb")?
-            .arg("-D")
+            .arg("--pgdata")
             .arg(&self.datadir)
-            .args(["-U", "postgres", "--no-instructions", "--no-sync"])
+            .args(["--username", "postgres", "--no-instructions", "--no-sync"])
             .output()?;
         debug!("initdb output: {:?}", output);
         ensure!(

libs/remote_storage/Cargo.toml

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ aws-sdk-s3.workspace = true
 bytes.workspace = true
 camino = { workspace = true, features = ["serde1"] }
 humantime-serde.workspace = true
-hyper = { workspace = true, features = ["stream"] }
+hyper0 = { workspace = true, features = ["stream"] }
 futures.workspace = true
 serde.workspace = true
 serde_json.workspace = true

libs/remote_storage/src/azure_blob.rs

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ use std::time::SystemTime;
 
 use super::REMOTE_STORAGE_PREFIX_SEPARATOR;
 use anyhow::Result;
-use azure_core::request_options::{MaxResults, Metadata, Range};
+use azure_core::request_options::{IfMatchCondition, MaxResults, Metadata, Range};
 use azure_core::{Continuable, RetryOptions};
 use azure_identity::DefaultAzureCredential;
 use azure_storage::StorageCredentials;
@@ -33,10 +33,10 @@ use tracing::debug;
 use utils::backoff;
 
 use crate::metrics::{start_measuring_requests, AttemptOutcome, RequestKind};
-use crate::ListingObject;
 use crate::{
-    config::AzureConfig, error::Cancelled, ConcurrencyLimiter, Download, DownloadError, Listing,
-    ListingMode, RemotePath, RemoteStorage, StorageMetadata, TimeTravelError, TimeoutOrCancel,
+    config::AzureConfig, error::Cancelled, ConcurrencyLimiter, Download, DownloadError,
+    DownloadOpts, Listing, ListingMode, ListingObject, RemotePath, RemoteStorage, StorageMetadata,
+    TimeTravelError, TimeoutOrCancel,
 };
 
 pub struct AzureBlobStorage {
@@ -259,6 +259,7 @@ fn to_download_error(error: azure_core::Error) -> DownloadError {
     if let Some(http_err) = error.as_http_error() {
         match http_err.status() {
             StatusCode::NotFound => DownloadError::NotFound,
+            StatusCode::NotModified => DownloadError::Unmodified,
             StatusCode::BadRequest => DownloadError::BadInput(anyhow::Error::new(error)),
             _ => DownloadError::Other(anyhow::Error::new(error)),
         }
@@ -484,11 +485,16 @@ impl RemoteStorage for AzureBlobStorage {
     async fn download(
         &self,
         from: &RemotePath,
+        opts: &DownloadOpts,
         cancel: &CancellationToken,
     ) -> Result<Download, DownloadError> {
         let blob_client = self.client.blob_client(self.relative_path_to_name(from));
 
-        let builder = blob_client.get();
+        let mut builder = blob_client.get();
+
+        if let Some(ref etag) = opts.etag {
+            builder = builder.if_match(IfMatchCondition::NotMatch(etag.to_string()))
+        }
 
         self.download_for_builder(builder, cancel).await
     }

libs/remote_storage/src/error.rs

@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ pub enum DownloadError {
     BadInput(anyhow::Error),
     /// The file was not found in the remote storage.
     NotFound,
+    /// The caller provided an ETag, and the file was not modified.
+    Unmodified,
     /// A cancellation token aborted the download, typically during
     /// tenant detach or process shutdown.
     Cancelled,
@@ -24,6 +26,7 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for DownloadError {
                 write!(f, "Failed to download a remote file due to user input: {e}")
             }
             DownloadError::NotFound => write!(f, "No file found for the remote object id given"),
+            DownloadError::Unmodified => write!(f, "File was not modified"),
             DownloadError::Cancelled => write!(f, "Cancelled, shutting down"),
             DownloadError::Timeout => write!(f, "timeout"),
             DownloadError::Other(e) => write!(f, "Failed to download a remote file: {e:?}"),
@@ -38,7 +41,7 @@ impl DownloadError {
     pub fn is_permanent(&self) -> bool {
         use DownloadError::*;
         match self {
-            BadInput(_) | NotFound | Cancelled => true,
+            BadInput(_) | NotFound | Unmodified | Cancelled => true,
             Timeout | Other(_) => false,
         }
     }

libs/remote_storage/src/lib.rs

@@ -161,6 +161,14 @@ pub struct Listing {
     pub keys: Vec<ListingObject>,
 }
 
+/// Options for downloads. The default value is a plain GET.
+#[derive(Default)]
+pub struct DownloadOpts {
+    /// If given, returns [`DownloadError::Unmodified`] if the object still has
+    /// the same ETag (using If-None-Match).
+    pub etag: Option<Etag>,
+}
+
 /// Storage (potentially remote) API to manage its state.
 /// This storage tries to be unaware of any layered repository context,
 /// providing basic CRUD operations for storage files.
@@ -245,6 +253,7 @@ pub trait RemoteStorage: Send + Sync + 'static {
     async fn download(
         &self,
         from: &RemotePath,
+        opts: &DownloadOpts,
         cancel: &CancellationToken,
     ) -> Result<Download, DownloadError>;
 
@@ -401,16 +410,18 @@ impl<Other: RemoteStorage> GenericRemoteStorage<Arc<Other>> {
         }
     }
 
+    /// See [`RemoteStorage::download`]
     pub async fn download(
         &self,
         from: &RemotePath,
+        opts: &DownloadOpts,
         cancel: &CancellationToken,
     ) -> Result<Download, DownloadError> {
         match self {
-            Self::LocalFs(s) => s.download(from, cancel).await,
-            Self::AwsS3(s) => s.download(from, cancel).await,
-            Self::AzureBlob(s) => s.download(from, cancel).await,
-            Self::Unreliable(s) => s.download(from, cancel).await,
+            Self::LocalFs(s) => s.download(from, opts, cancel).await,
+            Self::AwsS3(s) => s.download(from, opts, cancel).await,
+            Self::AzureBlob(s) => s.download(from, opts, cancel).await,
+            Self::Unreliable(s) => s.download(from, opts, cancel).await,
         }
     }
 
@@ -572,7 +583,7 @@ impl GenericRemoteStorage {
     ) -> Result<Download, DownloadError> {
         match byte_range {
             Some((start, end)) => self.download_byte_range(from, start, end, cancel).await,
-            None => self.download(from, cancel).await,
+            None => self.download(from, &DownloadOpts::default(), cancel).await,
         }
     }
 

libs/remote_storage/src/local_fs.rs

@@ -23,8 +23,8 @@ use tokio_util::{io::ReaderStream, sync::CancellationToken};
 use utils::crashsafe::path_with_suffix_extension;
 
 use crate::{
-    Download, DownloadError, Listing, ListingMode, ListingObject, RemotePath, TimeTravelError,
-    TimeoutOrCancel, REMOTE_STORAGE_PREFIX_SEPARATOR,
+    Download, DownloadError, DownloadOpts, Listing, ListingMode, ListingObject, RemotePath,
+    TimeTravelError, TimeoutOrCancel, REMOTE_STORAGE_PREFIX_SEPARATOR,
 };
 
 use super::{RemoteStorage, StorageMetadata};
@@ -494,11 +494,17 @@ impl RemoteStorage for LocalFs {
     async fn download(
         &self,
         from: &RemotePath,
+        opts: &DownloadOpts,
         cancel: &CancellationToken,
     ) -> Result<Download, DownloadError> {
         let target_path = from.with_base(&self.storage_root);
 
         let file_metadata = file_metadata(&target_path).await?;
+        let etag = mock_etag(&file_metadata);
+
+        if opts.etag.as_ref() == Some(&etag) {
+            return Err(DownloadError::Unmodified);
+        }
 
         let source = ReaderStream::new(
             fs::OpenOptions::new()
@@ -519,7 +525,6 @@ impl RemoteStorage for LocalFs {
         let cancel_or_timeout = crate::support::cancel_or_timeout(self.timeout, cancel.clone());
         let source = crate::support::DownloadStream::new(cancel_or_timeout, source);
 
-        let etag = mock_etag(&file_metadata);
         Ok(Download {
             metadata,
             last_modified: file_metadata
@@ -692,7 +697,7 @@ mod fs_tests {
     ) -> anyhow::Result<String> {
         let cancel = CancellationToken::new();
         let download = storage
-            .download(remote_storage_path, &cancel)
+            .download(remote_storage_path, &DownloadOpts::default(), &cancel)
             .await
             .map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!("Download failed: {e}"))?;
         ensure!(
@@ -773,8 +778,8 @@ mod fs_tests {
             "We should upload and download the same contents"
         );
 
-        let non_existing_path = "somewhere/else";
-        match storage.download(&RemotePath::new(Utf8Path::new(non_existing_path))?, &cancel).await {
+        let non_existing_path = RemotePath::new(Utf8Path::new("somewhere/else"))?;
+        match storage.download(&non_existing_path, &DownloadOpts::default(), &cancel).await {
             Err(DownloadError::NotFound) => {} // Should get NotFound for non existing keys
             other => panic!("Should get a NotFound error when downloading non-existing storage files, but got: {other:?}"),
         }
@@ -1101,7 +1106,13 @@ mod fs_tests {
             storage.upload(body, len, &path, None, &cancel).await?;
         }
 
-        let read = aggregate(storage.download(&path, &cancel).await?.download_stream).await?;
+        let read = aggregate(
+            storage
+                .download(&path, &DownloadOpts::default(), &cancel)
+                .await?
+                .download_stream,
+        )
+        .await?;
         assert_eq!(body, read);
 
         let shorter = Bytes::from_static(b"shorter body");
@@ -1112,7 +1123,13 @@ mod fs_tests {
             storage.upload(body, len, &path, None, &cancel).await?;
         }
 
-        let read = aggregate(storage.download(&path, &cancel).await?.download_stream).await?;
+        let read = aggregate(
+            storage
+                .download(&path, &DownloadOpts::default(), &cancel)
+                .await?
+                .download_stream,
+        )
+        .await?;
         assert_eq!(shorter, read);
         Ok(())
     }
@@ -1145,7 +1162,13 @@ mod fs_tests {
             storage.upload(body, len, &path, None, &cancel).await?;
         }
 
-        let read = aggregate(storage.download(&path, &cancel).await?.download_stream).await?;
+        let read = aggregate(
+            storage
+                .download(&path, &DownloadOpts::default(), &cancel)
+                .await?
+                .download_stream,
+        )
+        .await?;
         assert_eq!(body, read);
 
         Ok(())

libs/remote_storage/src/s3_bucket.rs

@@ -28,12 +28,13 @@ use aws_sdk_s3::{
     Client,
 };
 use aws_smithy_async::rt::sleep::TokioSleep;
+use http_types::StatusCode;
 
 use aws_smithy_types::{body::SdkBody, DateTime};
 use aws_smithy_types::{byte_stream::ByteStream, date_time::ConversionError};
 use bytes::Bytes;
 use futures::stream::Stream;
-use hyper::Body;
+use hyper0::Body;
 use scopeguard::ScopeGuard;
 use tokio_util::sync::CancellationToken;
 use utils::backoff;
@@ -44,8 +45,8 @@ use crate::{
     error::Cancelled,
     metrics::{start_counting_cancelled_wait, start_measuring_requests},
     support::PermitCarrying,
-    ConcurrencyLimiter, Download, DownloadError, Listing, ListingMode, ListingObject, RemotePath,
-    RemoteStorage, TimeTravelError, TimeoutOrCancel, MAX_KEYS_PER_DELETE,
+    ConcurrencyLimiter, Download, DownloadError, DownloadOpts, Listing, ListingMode, ListingObject,
+    RemotePath, RemoteStorage, TimeTravelError, TimeoutOrCancel, MAX_KEYS_PER_DELETE,
     REMOTE_STORAGE_PREFIX_SEPARATOR,
 };
 
@@ -67,6 +68,7 @@ pub struct S3Bucket {
 struct GetObjectRequest {
     bucket: String,
     key: String,
+    etag: Option<String>,
     range: Option<String>,
 }
 impl S3Bucket {
@@ -248,13 +250,18 @@ impl S3Bucket {
 
         let started_at = start_measuring_requests(kind);
 
-        let get_object = self
+        let mut builder = self
             .client
             .get_object()
             .bucket(request.bucket)
             .key(request.key)
-            .set_range(request.range)
-            .send();
+            .set_range(request.range);
+
+        if let Some(etag) = request.etag {
+            builder = builder.if_none_match(etag);
+        }
+
+        let get_object = builder.send();
 
         let get_object = tokio::select! {
             res = get_object => res,
@@ -277,6 +284,20 @@ impl S3Bucket {
                 );
                 return Err(DownloadError::NotFound);
             }
+            Err(SdkError::ServiceError(e))
+                // aws_smithy_runtime_api::http::response::StatusCode isn't
+                // re-exported by any aws crates, so just check the numeric
+                // status against http_types::StatusCode instead of pulling it.
+                if e.raw().status().as_u16() == StatusCode::NotModified =>
+            {
+                // Count an unmodified file as a success.
+                crate::metrics::BUCKET_METRICS.req_seconds.observe_elapsed(
+                    kind,
+                    AttemptOutcome::Ok,
+                    started_at,
+                );
+                return Err(DownloadError::Unmodified);
+            }
             Err(e) => {
                 crate::metrics::BUCKET_METRICS.req_seconds.observe_elapsed(
                     kind,
@@ -773,6 +794,7 @@ impl RemoteStorage for S3Bucket {
     async fn download(
         &self,
         from: &RemotePath,
+        opts: &DownloadOpts,
         cancel: &CancellationToken,
     ) -> Result<Download, DownloadError> {
         // if prefix is not none then download file `prefix/from`
@@ -781,6 +803,7 @@ impl RemoteStorage for S3Bucket {
             GetObjectRequest {
                 bucket: self.bucket_name.clone(),
                 key: self.relative_path_to_s3_object(from),
+                etag: opts.etag.as_ref().map(|e| e.to_string()),
                 range: None,
             },
             cancel,
@@ -807,6 +830,7 @@ impl RemoteStorage for S3Bucket {
             GetObjectRequest {
                 bucket: self.bucket_name.clone(),
                 key: self.relative_path_to_s3_object(from),
+                etag: None,
                 range,
             },
             cancel,

libs/remote_storage/src/simulate_failures.rs

@@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ use std::{collections::hash_map::Entry, sync::Arc};
 use tokio_util::sync::CancellationToken;
 
 use crate::{
-    Download, DownloadError, GenericRemoteStorage, Listing, ListingMode, RemotePath, RemoteStorage,
-    StorageMetadata, TimeTravelError,
+    Download, DownloadError, DownloadOpts, GenericRemoteStorage, Listing, ListingMode, RemotePath,
+    RemoteStorage, StorageMetadata, TimeTravelError,
 };
 
 pub struct UnreliableWrapper {
@@ -167,11 +167,12 @@ impl RemoteStorage for UnreliableWrapper {
     async fn download(
         &self,
         from: &RemotePath,
+        opts: &DownloadOpts,
         cancel: &CancellationToken,
     ) -> Result<Download, DownloadError> {
         self.attempt(RemoteOp::Download(from.clone()))
             .map_err(DownloadError::Other)?;
-        self.inner.download(from, cancel).await
+        self.inner.download(from, opts, cancel).await
     }
 
     async fn download_byte_range(

libs/remote_storage/tests/common/tests.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 use anyhow::Context;
 use camino::Utf8Path;
 use futures::StreamExt;
-use remote_storage::ListingMode;
-use remote_storage::RemotePath;
+use remote_storage::{DownloadError, DownloadOpts, ListingMode, ListingObject, RemotePath};
 use std::sync::Arc;
 use std::{collections::HashSet, num::NonZeroU32};
 use test_context::test_context;
@@ -284,7 +283,10 @@ async fn upload_download_works(ctx: &mut MaybeEnabledStorage) -> anyhow::Result<
     ctx.client.upload(data, len, &path, None, &cancel).await?;
 
     // Normal download request
-    let dl = ctx.client.download(&path, &cancel).await?;
+    let dl = ctx
+        .client
+        .download(&path, &DownloadOpts::default(), &cancel)
+        .await?;
     let buf = download_to_vec(dl).await?;
     assert_eq!(&buf, &orig);
 
@@ -337,6 +339,54 @@ async fn upload_download_works(ctx: &mut MaybeEnabledStorage) -> anyhow::Result<
     Ok(())
 }
 
+/// Tests that conditional downloads work properly, by returning
+/// DownloadError::Unmodified when the object ETag matches the given ETag.
+#[test_context(MaybeEnabledStorage)]
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn download_conditional(ctx: &mut MaybeEnabledStorage) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    let MaybeEnabledStorage::Enabled(ctx) = ctx else {
+        return Ok(());
+    };
+    let cancel = CancellationToken::new();
+
+    // Create a file.
+    let path = RemotePath::new(Utf8Path::new(format!("{}/file", ctx.base_prefix).as_str()))?;
+    let data = bytes::Bytes::from_static("foo".as_bytes());
+    let (stream, len) = wrap_stream(data);
+    ctx.client.upload(stream, len, &path, None, &cancel).await?;
+
+    // Download it to obtain its etag.
+    let mut opts = DownloadOpts::default();
+    let download = ctx.client.download(&path, &opts, &cancel).await?;
+
+    // Download with the etag yields DownloadError::Unmodified.
+    opts.etag = Some(download.etag);
+    let result = ctx.client.download(&path, &opts, &cancel).await;
+    assert!(
+        matches!(result, Err(DownloadError::Unmodified)),
+        "expected DownloadError::Unmodified, got {result:?}"
+    );
+
+    // Replace the file contents.
+    let data = bytes::Bytes::from_static("bar".as_bytes());
+    let (stream, len) = wrap_stream(data);
+    ctx.client.upload(stream, len, &path, None, &cancel).await?;
+
+    // A download with the old etag should yield the new file.
+    let download = ctx.client.download(&path, &opts, &cancel).await?;
+    assert_ne!(download.etag, opts.etag.unwrap(), "ETag did not change");
+
+    // A download with the new etag should yield Unmodified again.
+    opts.etag = Some(download.etag);
+    let result = ctx.client.download(&path, &opts, &cancel).await;
+    assert!(
+        matches!(result, Err(DownloadError::Unmodified)),
+        "expected DownloadError::Unmodified, got {result:?}"
+    );
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
 #[test_context(MaybeEnabledStorage)]
 #[tokio::test]
 async fn copy_works(ctx: &mut MaybeEnabledStorage) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
@@ -364,7 +414,10 @@ async fn copy_works(ctx: &mut MaybeEnabledStorage) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
     // Normal download request
     ctx.client.copy_object(&path, &path_dest, &cancel).await?;
 
-    let dl = ctx.client.download(&path_dest, &cancel).await?;
+    let dl = ctx
+        .client
+        .download(&path_dest, &DownloadOpts::default(), &cancel)
+        .await?;
     let buf = download_to_vec(dl).await?;
     assert_eq!(&buf, &orig);
 
@@ -376,3 +429,56 @@ async fn copy_works(ctx: &mut MaybeEnabledStorage) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
 
     Ok(())
 }
+
+/// Tests that head_object works properly.
+#[test_context(MaybeEnabledStorage)]
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn head_object(ctx: &mut MaybeEnabledStorage) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    let MaybeEnabledStorage::Enabled(ctx) = ctx else {
+        return Ok(());
+    };
+    let cancel = CancellationToken::new();
+
+    let path = RemotePath::new(Utf8Path::new(format!("{}/file", ctx.base_prefix).as_str()))?;
+
+    // Errors on missing file.
+    let result = ctx.client.head_object(&path, &cancel).await;
+    assert!(
+        matches!(result, Err(DownloadError::NotFound)),
+        "expected NotFound, got {result:?}"
+    );
+
+    // Create the file.
+    let data = bytes::Bytes::from_static("foo".as_bytes());
+    let (stream, len) = wrap_stream(data);
+    ctx.client.upload(stream, len, &path, None, &cancel).await?;
+
+    // Fetch the head metadata.
+    let object = ctx.client.head_object(&path, &cancel).await?;
+    assert_eq!(
+        object,
+        ListingObject {
+            key: path.clone(),
+            last_modified: object.last_modified, // ignore
+            size: 3
+        }
+    );
+
+    // Wait for a couple of seconds, and then update the file to check the last
+    // modified timestamp.
+    tokio::time::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_secs(2)).await;
+
+    let data = bytes::Bytes::from_static("bar".as_bytes());
+    let (stream, len) = wrap_stream(data);
+    ctx.client.upload(stream, len, &path, None, &cancel).await?;
+    let new = ctx.client.head_object(&path, &cancel).await?;
+
+    assert!(
+        !new.last_modified
+            .duration_since(object.last_modified)?
+            .is_zero(),
+        "last_modified did not advance"
+    );
+
+    Ok(())
+}

libs/remote_storage/tests/test_real_s3.rs

@@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ use anyhow::Context;
 use camino::Utf8Path;
 use futures_util::StreamExt;
 use remote_storage::{
-    DownloadError, GenericRemoteStorage, ListingMode, RemotePath, RemoteStorageConfig,
-    RemoteStorageKind, S3Config,
+    DownloadError, DownloadOpts, GenericRemoteStorage, ListingMode, RemotePath,
+    RemoteStorageConfig, RemoteStorageKind, S3Config,
 };
 use test_context::test_context;
 use test_context::AsyncTestContext;
@@ -121,7 +121,8 @@ async fn s3_time_travel_recovery_works(ctx: &mut MaybeEnabledStorage) -> anyhow:
 
     // A little check to ensure that our clock is not too far off from the S3 clock
     {
-        let dl = retry(|| ctx.client.download(&path2, &cancel)).await?;
+        let opts = DownloadOpts::default();
+        let dl = retry(|| ctx.client.download(&path2, &opts, &cancel)).await?;
         let last_modified = dl.last_modified;
         let half_wt = WAIT_TIME.mul_f32(0.5);
         let t0_hwt = t0 + half_wt;
@@ -159,7 +160,12 @@ async fn s3_time_travel_recovery_works(ctx: &mut MaybeEnabledStorage) -> anyhow:
     let t2_files_recovered = list_files(&ctx.client, &cancel).await?;
     println!("after recovery to t2: {t2_files_recovered:?}");
     assert_eq!(t2_files, t2_files_recovered);
-    let path2_recovered_t2 = download_to_vec(ctx.client.download(&path2, &cancel).await?).await?;
+    let path2_recovered_t2 = download_to_vec(
+        ctx.client
+            .download(&path2, &DownloadOpts::default(), &cancel)
+            .await?,
+    )
+    .await?;
     assert_eq!(path2_recovered_t2, new_data.as_bytes());
 
     // after recovery to t1: path1 is back, path2 has the old content
@@ -170,7 +176,12 @@ async fn s3_time_travel_recovery_works(ctx: &mut MaybeEnabledStorage) -> anyhow:
     let t1_files_recovered = list_files(&ctx.client, &cancel).await?;
     println!("after recovery to t1: {t1_files_recovered:?}");
     assert_eq!(t1_files, t1_files_recovered);
-    let path2_recovered_t1 = download_to_vec(ctx.client.download(&path2, &cancel).await?).await?;
+    let path2_recovered_t1 = download_to_vec(
+        ctx.client
+            .download(&path2, &DownloadOpts::default(), &cancel)
+            .await?,
+    )
+    .await?;
     assert_eq!(path2_recovered_t1, old_data.as_bytes());
 
     // after recovery to t0: everything is gone except for path1
@@ -416,7 +427,7 @@ async fn download_is_timeouted(ctx: &mut MaybeEnabledStorage) {
     let started_at = std::time::Instant::now();
     let mut stream = ctx
         .client
-        .download(&path, &cancel)
+        .download(&path, &DownloadOpts::default(), &cancel)
         .await
         .expect("download succeeds")
         .download_stream;
@@ -491,7 +502,7 @@ async fn download_is_cancelled(ctx: &mut MaybeEnabledStorage) {
     {
         let stream = ctx
             .client
-            .download(&path, &cancel)
+            .download(&path, &DownloadOpts::default(), &cancel)
             .await
             .expect("download succeeds")
             .download_stream;

libs/tracing-utils/Cargo.toml

@@ -5,13 +5,15 @@ edition.workspace = true
 license.workspace = true
 
 [dependencies]
-hyper.workspace = true
-opentelemetry = { workspace = true, features=["rt-tokio"] }
-opentelemetry-otlp = { workspace = true, default-features=false, features = ["http-proto", "trace", "http", "reqwest-client"] }
+hyper0.workspace = true
+opentelemetry = { workspace = true, features = ["trace"] }
+opentelemetry_sdk = { workspace = true, features = ["rt-tokio"] }
+opentelemetry-otlp = { workspace = true, default-features = false, features = ["http-proto", "trace", "http", "reqwest-client"] }
 opentelemetry-semantic-conventions.workspace = true
 tokio = { workspace = true, features = ["rt", "rt-multi-thread"] }
 tracing.workspace = true
 tracing-opentelemetry.workspace = true
+tracing-subscriber.workspace = true
 
 [dev-dependencies]
 tracing-subscriber.workspace = true    # For examples in docs

libs/tracing-utils/src/http.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 //! Tracing wrapper for Hyper HTTP server
 
-use hyper::HeaderMap;
-use hyper::{Body, Request, Response};
+use hyper0::HeaderMap;
+use hyper0::{Body, Request, Response};
 use std::future::Future;
 use tracing::Instrument;
 use tracing_opentelemetry::OpenTelemetrySpanExt;

libs/tracing-utils/src/lib.rs

@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@
 //!
 //! ```rust,no_run
 //! use tracing_subscriber::prelude::*;
-//! use tracing_opentelemetry::OpenTelemetryLayer;
 //!
 //! #[tokio::main]
 //! async fn main() {
@@ -22,7 +21,7 @@
 //!         .with_writer(std::io::stderr);
 //!
 //!     // Initialize OpenTelemetry. Exports tracing spans as OpenTelemetry traces
-//!     let otlp_layer = tracing_utils::init_tracing("my_application").await.map(OpenTelemetryLayer::new);
+//!     let otlp_layer = tracing_utils::init_tracing("my_application").await;
 //!
 //!     // Put it all together
 //!     tracing_subscriber::registry()
@@ -35,15 +34,15 @@
 #![deny(unsafe_code)]
 #![deny(clippy::undocumented_unsafe_blocks)]
 
-use opentelemetry::sdk::Resource;
-use opentelemetry::KeyValue;
-use opentelemetry_otlp::WithExportConfig;
-use opentelemetry_otlp::{OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_ENDPOINT, OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_TRACES_ENDPOINT};
-
-pub use tracing_opentelemetry::OpenTelemetryLayer;
-
 pub mod http;
 
+use opentelemetry::trace::TracerProvider;
+use opentelemetry::KeyValue;
+use opentelemetry_sdk::Resource;
+use tracing::Subscriber;
+use tracing_subscriber::registry::LookupSpan;
+use tracing_subscriber::Layer;
+
 /// Set up OpenTelemetry exporter, using configuration from environment variables.
 ///
 /// `service_name` is set as the OpenTelemetry 'service.name' resource (see
@@ -71,7 +70,10 @@ pub mod http;
 ///
 /// This doesn't block, but is marked as 'async' to hint that this must be called in
 /// asynchronous execution context.
-pub async fn init_tracing(service_name: &str) -> Option<opentelemetry::sdk::trace::Tracer> {
+pub async fn init_tracing<S>(service_name: &str) -> Option<impl Layer<S>>
+where
+    S: Subscriber + for<'span> LookupSpan<'span>,
+{
     if std::env::var("OTEL_SDK_DISABLED") == Ok("true".to_string()) {
         return None;
     };
@@ -80,9 +82,10 @@ pub async fn init_tracing(service_name: &str) -> Option<opentelemetry::sdk::trac
 
 /// Like `init_tracing`, but creates a separate tokio Runtime for the tracing
 /// tasks.
-pub fn init_tracing_without_runtime(
-    service_name: &str,
-) -> Option<opentelemetry::sdk::trace::Tracer> {
+pub fn init_tracing_without_runtime<S>(service_name: &str) -> Option<impl Layer<S>>
+where
+    S: Subscriber + for<'span> LookupSpan<'span>,
+{
     if std::env::var("OTEL_SDK_DISABLED") == Ok("true".to_string()) {
         return None;
     };
@@ -113,54 +116,36 @@ pub fn init_tracing_without_runtime(
     Some(init_tracing_internal(service_name.to_string()))
 }
 
-fn init_tracing_internal(service_name: String) -> opentelemetry::sdk::trace::Tracer {
-    // Set up exporter from the OTEL_EXPORTER_* environment variables
-    let mut exporter = opentelemetry_otlp::new_exporter().http().with_env();
+fn init_tracing_internal<S>(service_name: String) -> impl Layer<S>
+where
+    S: Subscriber + for<'span> LookupSpan<'span>,
+{
+    // Sets up exporter from the OTEL_EXPORTER_* environment variables.
+    let exporter = opentelemetry_otlp::new_exporter().http();
 
-    // XXX opentelemetry-otlp v0.18.0 has a bug in how it uses the
-    // OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_ENDPOINT env variable. According to the
-    // OpenTelemetry spec at
-    // <https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-specification/blob/main/specification/protocol/exporter.md#endpoint-urls-for-otlphttp>,
-    // the full exporter URL is formed by appending "/v1/traces" to the value
-    // of OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_ENDPOINT. However, opentelemetry-otlp only does
-    // that with the grpc-tonic exporter. Other exporters, like the HTTP
-    // exporter, use the URL from OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_ENDPOINT as is, without
-    // appending "/v1/traces".
-    //
-    // See https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-rust/pull/950
-    //
-    // Work around that by checking OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_ENDPOINT, and setting
-    // the endpoint url with the "/v1/traces" path ourselves. If the bug is
-    // fixed in a later version, we can remove this code. But if we don't
-    // remember to remove this, it won't do any harm either, as the crate will
-    // just ignore the OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_ENDPOINT setting when the endpoint
-    // is set directly with `with_endpoint`.
-    if std::env::var(OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_TRACES_ENDPOINT).is_err() {
-        if let Ok(mut endpoint) = std::env::var(OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_ENDPOINT) {
-            if !endpoint.ends_with('/') {
-                endpoint.push('/');
-            }
-            endpoint.push_str("v1/traces");
-            exporter = exporter.with_endpoint(endpoint);
-        }
-    }
+    // TODO: opentelemetry::global::set_error_handler() with custom handler that
+    //       bypasses default tracing layers, but logs regular looking log
+    //       messages.
 
     // Propagate trace information in the standard W3C TraceContext format.
     opentelemetry::global::set_text_map_propagator(
-        opentelemetry::sdk::propagation::TraceContextPropagator::new(),
+        opentelemetry_sdk::propagation::TraceContextPropagator::new(),
     );
 
-    opentelemetry_otlp::new_pipeline()
+    let tracer = opentelemetry_otlp::new_pipeline()
         .tracing()
         .with_exporter(exporter)
-        .with_trace_config(
-            opentelemetry::sdk::trace::config().with_resource(Resource::new(vec![KeyValue::new(
+        .with_trace_config(opentelemetry_sdk::trace::Config::default().with_resource(
+            Resource::new(vec![KeyValue::new(
                 opentelemetry_semantic_conventions::resource::SERVICE_NAME,
                 service_name,
-            )])),
-        )
-        .install_batch(opentelemetry::runtime::Tokio)
+            )]),
+        ))
+        .install_batch(opentelemetry_sdk::runtime::Tokio)
         .expect("could not initialize opentelemetry exporter")
+        .tracer("global");
+
+    tracing_opentelemetry::layer().with_tracer(tracer)
 }
 
 // Shutdown trace pipeline gracefully, so that it has a chance to send any

libs/utils/Cargo.toml

@@ -19,9 +19,10 @@ bincode.workspace = true
 bytes.workspace = true
 camino.workspace = true
 chrono.workspace = true
+git-version.workspace = true
 hex = { workspace = true, features = ["serde"] }
 humantime.workspace = true
-hyper = { workspace = true, features = ["full"] }
+hyper0 = { workspace = true, features = ["full"] }
 fail.workspace = true
 futures = { workspace = true}
 jsonwebtoken.workspace = true

libs/utils/src/lib.rs

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 //! between other crates in this repository.
 #![deny(clippy::undocumented_unsafe_blocks)]
 
+extern crate hyper0 as hyper;
+
 pub mod backoff;
 
 /// `Lsn` type implements common tasks on Log Sequence Numbers
@@ -92,6 +94,10 @@ pub mod toml_edit_ext;
 
 pub mod circuit_breaker;
 
+// Re-export used in macro. Avoids adding git-version as dep in target crates.
+#[doc(hidden)]
+pub use git_version;
+
 /// This is a shortcut to embed git sha into binaries and avoid copying the same build script to all packages
 ///
 /// we have several cases:
@@ -131,7 +137,7 @@ macro_rules! project_git_version {
     ($const_identifier:ident) => {
         // this should try GIT_VERSION first only then git_version::git_version!
         const $const_identifier: &::core::primitive::str = {
-            const __COMMIT_FROM_GIT: &::core::primitive::str = git_version::git_version! {
+            const __COMMIT_FROM_GIT: &::core::primitive::str = $crate::git_version::git_version! {
                 prefix = "",
                 fallback = "unknown",
                 args = ["--abbrev=40", "--always", "--dirty=-modified"] // always use full sha

libs/vm_monitor/src/lib.rs

@@ -7,11 +7,13 @@ use axum::{
     extract::{ws::WebSocket, State, WebSocketUpgrade},
     response::Response,
 };
-use axum::{routing::get, Router, Server};
+use axum::{routing::get, Router};
 use clap::Parser;
 use futures::Future;
+use std::net::SocketAddr;
 use std::{fmt::Debug, time::Duration};
 use sysinfo::{RefreshKind, System, SystemExt};
+use tokio::net::TcpListener;
 use tokio::{sync::broadcast, task::JoinHandle};
 use tokio_util::sync::CancellationToken;
 use tracing::{error, info};
@@ -132,14 +134,14 @@ pub async fn start(args: &'static Args, token: CancellationToken) -> anyhow::Res
             args,
         });
 
-    let addr = args.addr();
-    let bound = Server::try_bind(&addr.parse().expect("parsing address should not fail"))
+    let addr_str = args.addr();
+    let addr: SocketAddr = addr_str.parse().expect("parsing address should not fail");
+
+    let listener = TcpListener::bind(&addr)
+        .await
         .with_context(|| format!("failed to bind to {addr}"))?;
-
-    info!(addr, "server bound");
-
-    bound
-        .serve(app.into_make_service())
+    info!(addr_str, "server bound");
+    axum::serve(listener, app.into_make_service())
         .await
         .context("server exited")?;
 

pageserver/Cargo.toml

@@ -27,11 +27,10 @@ crc32c.workspace = true
 either.workspace = true
 fail.workspace = true
 futures.workspace = true
-git-version.workspace = true
 hex.workspace = true
 humantime.workspace = true
 humantime-serde.workspace = true
-hyper.workspace = true
+hyper0.workspace = true
 itertools.workspace = true
 md5.workspace = true
 nix.workspace = true

pageserver/client/src/mgmt_api.rs

@@ -736,4 +736,22 @@ impl Client {
             .await
             .map_err(Error::ReceiveBody)
     }
+
+    pub async fn timeline_init_lsn_lease(
+        &self,
+        tenant_shard_id: TenantShardId,
+        timeline_id: TimelineId,
+        lsn: Lsn,
+    ) -> Result<LsnLease> {
+        let uri = format!(
+            "{}/v1/tenant/{tenant_shard_id}/timeline/{timeline_id}/lsn_lease",
+            self.mgmt_api_endpoint,
+        );
+
+        self.request(Method::POST, &uri, LsnLeaseRequest { lsn })
+            .await?
+            .json()
+            .await
+            .map_err(Error::ReceiveBody)
+    }
 }

pageserver/compaction/Cargo.toml

@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ anyhow.workspace = true
 async-stream.workspace = true
 clap = { workspace = true, features = ["string"] }
 futures.workspace = true
-git-version.workspace = true
 itertools.workspace = true
 once_cell.workspace = true
 pageserver_api.workspace = true

pageserver/ctl/Cargo.toml

@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ license.workspace = true
 anyhow.workspace = true
 camino.workspace = true
 clap = { workspace = true, features = ["string"] }
-git-version.workspace = true
 humantime.workspace = true
 pageserver = { path = ".." }
 pageserver_api.workspace = true

pageserver/src/bin/pageserver.rs

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ use clap::{Arg, ArgAction, Command};
 
 use metrics::launch_timestamp::{set_launch_timestamp_metric, LaunchTimestamp};
 use pageserver::config::PageserverIdentity;
-use pageserver::control_plane_client::ControlPlaneClient;
+use pageserver::controller_upcall_client::ControllerUpcallClient;
 use pageserver::disk_usage_eviction_task::{self, launch_disk_usage_global_eviction_task};
 use pageserver::metrics::{STARTUP_DURATION, STARTUP_IS_LOADING};
 use pageserver::task_mgr::{COMPUTE_REQUEST_RUNTIME, WALRECEIVER_RUNTIME};
@@ -396,7 +396,7 @@ fn start_pageserver(
     // Set up deletion queue
     let (deletion_queue, deletion_workers) = DeletionQueue::new(
         remote_storage.clone(),
-        ControlPlaneClient::new(conf, &shutdown_pageserver),
+        ControllerUpcallClient::new(conf, &shutdown_pageserver),
         conf,
     );
     if let Some(deletion_workers) = deletion_workers {
@@ -575,7 +575,7 @@ fn start_pageserver(
             .build()
             .map_err(|err| anyhow!(err))?;
         let service = utils::http::RouterService::new(router).unwrap();
-        let server = hyper::Server::from_tcp(http_listener)?
+        let server = hyper0::Server::from_tcp(http_listener)?
             .serve(service)
             .with_graceful_shutdown({
                 let cancel = cancel.clone();

pageserver/src/controller_upcall_client.rs

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ use std::collections::HashMap;
 
 use futures::Future;
 use pageserver_api::{
-    controller_api::NodeRegisterRequest,
+    controller_api::{AvailabilityZone, NodeRegisterRequest},
     shard::TenantShardId,
     upcall_api::{
         ReAttachRequest, ReAttachResponse, ReAttachResponseTenant, ValidateRequest,
@@ -17,9 +17,12 @@ use utils::{backoff, failpoint_support, generation::Generation, id::NodeId};
 use crate::{config::PageServerConf, virtual_file::on_fatal_io_error};
 use pageserver_api::config::NodeMetadata;
 
-/// The Pageserver's client for using the control plane API: this is a small subset
-/// of the overall control plane API, for dealing with generations (see docs/rfcs/025-generation-numbers.md)
-pub struct ControlPlaneClient {
+/// The Pageserver's client for using the storage controller upcall API: this is a small API
+/// for dealing with generations (see docs/rfcs/025-generation-numbers.md).
+///
+/// The server presenting this API may either be the storage controller or some other
+/// service (such as the Neon control plane) providing a store of generation numbers.
+pub struct ControllerUpcallClient {
     http_client: reqwest::Client,
     base_url: Url,
     node_id: NodeId,
@@ -45,7 +48,7 @@ pub trait ControlPlaneGenerationsApi {
     ) -> impl Future<Output = Result<HashMap<TenantShardId, bool>, RetryForeverError>> + Send;
 }
 
-impl ControlPlaneClient {
+impl ControllerUpcallClient {
     /// A None return value indicates that the input `conf` object does not have control
     /// plane API enabled.
     pub fn new(conf: &'static PageServerConf, cancel: &CancellationToken) -> Option<Self> {
@@ -114,7 +117,7 @@ impl ControlPlaneClient {
     }
 }
 
-impl ControlPlaneGenerationsApi for ControlPlaneClient {
+impl ControlPlaneGenerationsApi for ControllerUpcallClient {
     /// Block until we get a successful response, or error out if we are shut down
     async fn re_attach(
         &self,
@@ -148,10 +151,10 @@ impl ControlPlaneGenerationsApi for ControlPlaneClient {
                             .and_then(|jv| jv.as_str().map(|str| str.to_owned()));
 
                         match az_id_from_metadata {
-                            Some(az_id) => Some(az_id),
+                            Some(az_id) => Some(AvailabilityZone(az_id)),
                             None => {
                                 tracing::warn!("metadata.json does not contain an 'availability_zone_id' field");
-                                conf.availability_zone.clone()
+                                conf.availability_zone.clone().map(AvailabilityZone)
                             }
                         }
                     };
@@ -216,29 +219,38 @@ impl ControlPlaneGenerationsApi for ControlPlaneClient {
             .join("validate")
             .expect("Failed to build validate path");
 
-        let request = ValidateRequest {
-            tenants: tenants
-                .into_iter()
-                .map(|(id, gen)| ValidateRequestTenant {
-                    id,
-                    gen: gen
-                        .into()
-                        .expect("Generation should always be valid for a Tenant doing deletions"),
-                })
-                .collect(),
-        };
+        // When sending validate requests, break them up into chunks so that we
+        // avoid possible edge cases of generating any HTTP requests that
+        // require database I/O across many thousands of tenants.
+        let mut result: HashMap<TenantShardId, bool> = HashMap::with_capacity(tenants.len());
+        for tenant_chunk in (tenants).chunks(128) {
+            let request = ValidateRequest {
+                tenants: tenant_chunk
+                    .iter()
+                    .map(|(id, generation)| ValidateRequestTenant {
+                        id: *id,
+                        gen: (*generation).into().expect(
+                            "Generation should always be valid for a Tenant doing deletions",
+                        ),
+                    })
+                    .collect(),
+            };
 
-        failpoint_support::sleep_millis_async!("control-plane-client-validate-sleep", &self.cancel);
-        if self.cancel.is_cancelled() {
-            return Err(RetryForeverError::ShuttingDown);
+            failpoint_support::sleep_millis_async!(
+                "control-plane-client-validate-sleep",
+                &self.cancel
+            );
+            if self.cancel.is_cancelled() {
+                return Err(RetryForeverError::ShuttingDown);
+            }
+
+            let response: ValidateResponse =
+                self.retry_http_forever(&re_attach_path, request).await?;
+            for rt in response.tenants {
+                result.insert(rt.id, rt.valid);
+            }
         }
 
-        let response: ValidateResponse = self.retry_http_forever(&re_attach_path, request).await?;
-
-        Ok(response
-            .tenants
-            .into_iter()
-            .map(|rt| (rt.id, rt.valid))
-            .collect())
+        Ok(result.into_iter().collect())
     }
 }

pageserver/src/deletion_queue.rs

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ use std::collections::HashMap;
 use std::sync::Arc;
 use std::time::Duration;
 
-use crate::control_plane_client::ControlPlaneGenerationsApi;
+use crate::controller_upcall_client::ControlPlaneGenerationsApi;
 use crate::metrics;
 use crate::tenant::remote_timeline_client::remote_layer_path;
 use crate::tenant::remote_timeline_client::remote_timeline_path;
@@ -622,7 +622,7 @@ impl DeletionQueue {
     /// If remote_storage is None, then the returned workers will also be None.
     pub fn new<C>(
         remote_storage: GenericRemoteStorage,
-        control_plane_client: Option<C>,
+        controller_upcall_client: Option<C>,
         conf: &'static PageServerConf,
     ) -> (Self, Option<DeletionQueueWorkers<C>>)
     where
@@ -662,7 +662,7 @@ impl DeletionQueue {
                     conf,
                     backend_rx,
                     executor_tx,
-                    control_plane_client,
+                    controller_upcall_client,
                     lsn_table.clone(),
                     cancel.clone(),
                 ),
@@ -704,7 +704,7 @@ mod test {
     use tokio::task::JoinHandle;
 
     use crate::{
-        control_plane_client::RetryForeverError,
+        controller_upcall_client::RetryForeverError,
         repository::Key,
         tenant::{harness::TenantHarness, storage_layer::DeltaLayerName},
     };

pageserver/src/deletion_queue/validator.rs

@@ -25,8 +25,8 @@ use tracing::info;
 use tracing::warn;
 
 use crate::config::PageServerConf;
-use crate::control_plane_client::ControlPlaneGenerationsApi;
-use crate::control_plane_client::RetryForeverError;
+use crate::controller_upcall_client::ControlPlaneGenerationsApi;
+use crate::controller_upcall_client::RetryForeverError;
 use crate::metrics;
 use crate::virtual_file::MaybeFatalIo;
 
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ where
     tx: tokio::sync::mpsc::Sender<DeleterMessage>,
 
     // Client for calling into control plane API for validation of deletes
-    control_plane_client: Option<C>,
+    controller_upcall_client: Option<C>,
 
     // DeletionLists which are waiting generation validation.  Not safe to
     // execute until [`validate`] has processed them.
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ where
         conf: &'static PageServerConf,
         rx: tokio::sync::mpsc::Receiver<ValidatorQueueMessage>,
         tx: tokio::sync::mpsc::Sender<DeleterMessage>,
-        control_plane_client: Option<C>,
+        controller_upcall_client: Option<C>,
         lsn_table: Arc<std::sync::RwLock<VisibleLsnUpdates>>,
         cancel: CancellationToken,
     ) -> Self {
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ where
             conf,
             rx,
             tx,
-            control_plane_client,
+            controller_upcall_client,
             lsn_table,
             pending_lists: Vec::new(),
             validated_lists: Vec::new(),
@@ -145,8 +145,8 @@ where
             return Ok(());
         }
 
-        let tenants_valid = if let Some(control_plane_client) = &self.control_plane_client {
-            match control_plane_client
+        let tenants_valid = if let Some(controller_upcall_client) = &self.controller_upcall_client {
+            match controller_upcall_client
                 .validate(tenant_generations.iter().map(|(k, v)| (*k, *v)).collect())
                 .await
             {

pageserver/src/http/routes.rs

@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ use utils::http::endpoint::request_span;
 use utils::http::request::must_parse_query_param;
 use utils::http::request::{get_request_param, must_get_query_param, parse_query_param};
 
+use crate::config::PageServerConf;
 use crate::context::{DownloadBehavior, RequestContext};
 use crate::deletion_queue::DeletionQueueClient;
 use crate::pgdatadir_mapping::LsnForTimestamp;
@@ -80,7 +81,6 @@ use crate::tenant::timeline::CompactionError;
 use crate::tenant::timeline::Timeline;
 use crate::tenant::GetTimelineError;
 use crate::tenant::{LogicalSizeCalculationCause, PageReconstructError};
-use crate::{config::PageServerConf, tenant::mgr};
 use crate::{disk_usage_eviction_task, tenant};
 use pageserver_api::models::{
     StatusResponse, TenantConfigRequest, TenantInfo, TimelineCreateRequest, TimelineGcRequest,
@@ -589,6 +589,10 @@ async fn timeline_create_handler(
                 StatusCode::SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE,
                 HttpErrorBody::from_msg(e.to_string()),
             ),
+            Err(e @ tenant::CreateTimelineError::AncestorArchived) => json_response(
+                StatusCode::NOT_ACCEPTABLE,
+                HttpErrorBody::from_msg(e.to_string()),
+            ),
             Err(tenant::CreateTimelineError::ShuttingDown) => json_response(
                 StatusCode::SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE,
                 HttpErrorBody::from_msg("tenant shutting down".to_string()),
@@ -820,7 +824,7 @@ async fn get_lsn_by_timestamp_handler(
 
     let lease = if with_lease {
         timeline
-            .make_lsn_lease(lsn, timeline.get_lsn_lease_length_for_ts(), &ctx)
+            .init_lsn_lease(lsn, timeline.get_lsn_lease_length_for_ts(), &ctx)
             .inspect_err(|_| {
                 warn!("fail to grant a lease to {}", lsn);
             })
@@ -1688,9 +1692,18 @@ async fn lsn_lease_handler(
     let timeline =
         active_timeline_of_active_tenant(&state.tenant_manager, tenant_shard_id, timeline_id)
             .await?;
-    let result = timeline
-        .make_lsn_lease(lsn, timeline.get_lsn_lease_length(), &ctx)
-        .map_err(|e| ApiError::InternalServerError(e.context("lsn lease http handler")))?;
+
+    let result = async {
+        timeline
+            .init_lsn_lease(lsn, timeline.get_lsn_lease_length(), &ctx)
+            .map_err(|e| {
+                ApiError::InternalServerError(
+                    e.context(format!("invalid lsn lease request at {lsn}")),
+                )
+            })
+    }
+    .instrument(info_span!("init_lsn_lease", tenant_id = %tenant_shard_id.tenant_id, shard_id = %tenant_shard_id.shard_slug(), %timeline_id))
+    .await?;
 
     json_response(StatusCode::OK, result)
 }
@@ -1706,8 +1719,13 @@ async fn timeline_gc_handler(
 
     let gc_req: TimelineGcRequest = json_request(&mut request).await?;
 
+    let state = get_state(&request);
+
     let ctx = RequestContext::new(TaskKind::MgmtRequest, DownloadBehavior::Download);
-    let gc_result = mgr::immediate_gc(tenant_shard_id, timeline_id, gc_req, cancel, &ctx).await?;
+    let gc_result = state
+        .tenant_manager
+        .immediate_gc(tenant_shard_id, timeline_id, gc_req, cancel, &ctx)
+        .await?;
 
     json_response(StatusCode::OK, gc_result)
 }
@@ -1724,6 +1742,10 @@ async fn timeline_compact_handler(
     let state = get_state(&request);
 
     let mut flags = EnumSet::empty();
+
+    if Some(true) == parse_query_param::<_, bool>(&request, "force_l0_compaction")? {
+        flags |= CompactFlags::ForceL0Compaction;
+    }
     if Some(true) == parse_query_param::<_, bool>(&request, "force_repartition")? {
         flags |= CompactFlags::ForceRepartition;
     }
@@ -1770,6 +1792,9 @@ async fn timeline_checkpoint_handler(
     let state = get_state(&request);
 
     let mut flags = EnumSet::empty();
+    if Some(true) == parse_query_param::<_, bool>(&request, "force_l0_compaction")? {
+        flags |= CompactFlags::ForceL0Compaction;
+    }
     if Some(true) == parse_query_param::<_, bool>(&request, "force_repartition")? {
         flags |= CompactFlags::ForceRepartition;
     }

pageserver/src/lib.rs

@@ -6,13 +6,15 @@ pub mod basebackup;
 pub mod config;
 pub mod consumption_metrics;
 pub mod context;
-pub mod control_plane_client;
+pub mod controller_upcall_client;
 pub mod deletion_queue;
 pub mod disk_usage_eviction_task;
 pub mod http;
 pub mod import_datadir;
 pub mod l0_flush;
 
+extern crate hyper0 as hyper;
+
 use futures::{stream::FuturesUnordered, StreamExt};
 pub use pageserver_api::keyspace;
 use tokio_util::sync::CancellationToken;

pageserver/src/metrics.rs

@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@ use metrics::{
 };
 use once_cell::sync::Lazy;
 use pageserver_api::shard::TenantShardId;
+use postgres_backend::{is_expected_io_error, QueryError};
+use pq_proto::framed::ConnectionError;
 use strum::{EnumCount, VariantNames};
 use strum_macros::{IntoStaticStr, VariantNames};
 use tracing::warn;
@@ -1508,6 +1510,7 @@ static COMPUTE_STARTUP_BUCKETS: Lazy<[f64; 28]> = Lazy::new(|| {
 pub(crate) struct BasebackupQueryTime {
     ok: Histogram,
     error: Histogram,
+    client_error: Histogram,
 }
 
 pub(crate) static BASEBACKUP_QUERY_TIME: Lazy<BasebackupQueryTime> = Lazy::new(|| {
@@ -1521,6 +1524,7 @@ pub(crate) static BASEBACKUP_QUERY_TIME: Lazy<BasebackupQueryTime> = Lazy::new(|
     BasebackupQueryTime {
         ok: vec.get_metric_with_label_values(&["ok"]).unwrap(),
         error: vec.get_metric_with_label_values(&["error"]).unwrap(),
+        client_error: vec.get_metric_with_label_values(&["client_error"]).unwrap(),
     }
 });
 
@@ -1557,7 +1561,7 @@ impl BasebackupQueryTime {
 }
 
 impl<'a, 'c> BasebackupQueryTimeOngoingRecording<'a, 'c> {
-    pub(crate) fn observe<T, E>(self, res: &Result<T, E>) {
+    pub(crate) fn observe<T>(self, res: &Result<T, QueryError>) {
         let elapsed = self.start.elapsed();
         let ex_throttled = self
             .ctx
@@ -1576,10 +1580,15 @@ impl<'a, 'c> BasebackupQueryTimeOngoingRecording<'a, 'c> {
                 elapsed
             }
         };
-        let metric = if res.is_ok() {
-            &self.parent.ok
-        } else {
-            &self.parent.error
+        // If you want to change categorize of a specific error, also change it in `log_query_error`.
+        let metric = match res {
+            Ok(_) => &self.parent.ok,
+            Err(QueryError::Disconnected(ConnectionError::Io(io_error)))
+                if is_expected_io_error(io_error) =>
+            {
+                &self.parent.client_error
+            }
+            Err(_) => &self.parent.error,
         };
         metric.observe(ex_throttled.as_secs_f64());
     }

pageserver/src/page_service.rs

@@ -273,10 +273,20 @@ async fn page_service_conn_main(
                 info!("Postgres client disconnected ({io_error})");
                 Ok(())
             } else {
-                Err(io_error).context("Postgres connection error")
+                let tenant_id = conn_handler.timeline_handles.tenant_id();
+                Err(io_error).context(format!(
+                    "Postgres connection error for tenant_id={:?} client at peer_addr={}",
+                    tenant_id, peer_addr
+                ))
             }
         }
-        other => other.context("Postgres query error"),
+        other => {
+            let tenant_id = conn_handler.timeline_handles.tenant_id();
+            other.context(format!(
+                "Postgres query error for tenant_id={:?} client peer_addr={}",
+                tenant_id, peer_addr
+            ))
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -340,6 +350,10 @@ impl TimelineHandles {
                 }
             })
     }
+
+    fn tenant_id(&self) -> Option<TenantId> {
+        self.wrapper.tenant_id.get().copied()
+    }
 }
 
 pub(crate) struct TenantManagerWrapper {
@@ -819,7 +833,7 @@ impl PageServerHandler {
         set_tracing_field_shard_id(&timeline);
 
         let lease = timeline
-            .make_lsn_lease(lsn, timeline.get_lsn_lease_length(), ctx)
+            .renew_lsn_lease(lsn, timeline.get_lsn_lease_length(), ctx)
             .inspect_err(|e| {
                 warn!("{e}");
             })

pageserver/src/tenant.rs

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ use futures::stream::FuturesUnordered;
 use futures::StreamExt;
 use pageserver_api::models;
 use pageserver_api::models::AuxFilePolicy;
+use pageserver_api::models::LsnLease;
 use pageserver_api::models::TimelineArchivalState;
 use pageserver_api::models::TimelineState;
 use pageserver_api::models::TopTenantShardItem;
@@ -96,6 +97,7 @@ use crate::tenant::remote_timeline_client::MaybeDeletedIndexPart;
 use crate::tenant::remote_timeline_client::INITDB_PATH;
 use crate::tenant::storage_layer::DeltaLayer;
 use crate::tenant::storage_layer::ImageLayer;
+use crate::walingest::WalLagCooldown;
 use crate::walredo;
 use crate::InitializationOrder;
 use std::collections::hash_map::Entry;
@@ -182,27 +184,54 @@ pub struct TenantSharedResources {
 pub(super) struct AttachedTenantConf {
     tenant_conf: TenantConfOpt,
     location: AttachedLocationConfig,
+    /// The deadline before which we are blocked from GC so that
+    /// leases have a chance to be renewed.
+    lsn_lease_deadline: Option<tokio::time::Instant>,
 }
 
 impl AttachedTenantConf {
     fn new(tenant_conf: TenantConfOpt, location: AttachedLocationConfig) -> Self {
+        // Sets a deadline before which we cannot proceed to GC due to lsn lease.
+        //
+        // We do this as the leases mapping are not persisted to disk. By delaying GC by lease
+        // length, we guarantee that all the leases we granted before will have a chance to renew
+        // when we run GC for the first time after restart / transition from AttachedMulti to AttachedSingle.
+        let lsn_lease_deadline = if location.attach_mode == AttachmentMode::Single {
+            Some(
+                tokio::time::Instant::now()
+                    + tenant_conf
+                        .lsn_lease_length
+                        .unwrap_or(LsnLease::DEFAULT_LENGTH),
+            )
+        } else {
+            // We don't use `lsn_lease_deadline` to delay GC in AttachedMulti and AttachedStale
+            // because we don't do GC in these modes.
+            None
+        };
+
         Self {
             tenant_conf,
             location,
+            lsn_lease_deadline,
         }
     }
 
     fn try_from(location_conf: LocationConf) -> anyhow::Result<Self> {
         match &location_conf.mode {
-            LocationMode::Attached(attach_conf) => Ok(Self {
-                tenant_conf: location_conf.tenant_conf,
-                location: *attach_conf,
-            }),
+            LocationMode::Attached(attach_conf) => {
+                Ok(Self::new(location_conf.tenant_conf, *attach_conf))
+            }
             LocationMode::Secondary(_) => {
                 anyhow::bail!("Attempted to construct AttachedTenantConf from a LocationConf in secondary mode")
             }
         }
     }
+
+    fn is_gc_blocked_by_lsn_lease_deadline(&self) -> bool {
+        self.lsn_lease_deadline
+            .map(|d| tokio::time::Instant::now() < d)
+            .unwrap_or(false)
+    }
 }
 struct TimelinePreload {
     timeline_id: TimelineId,
@@ -291,6 +320,9 @@ pub struct Tenant {
     /// background warmup.
     pub(crate) activate_now_sem: tokio::sync::Semaphore,
 
+    /// Time it took for the tenant to activate. Zero if not active yet.
+    attach_wal_lag_cooldown: Arc<std::sync::OnceLock<WalLagCooldown>>,
+
     // Cancellation token fires when we have entered shutdown().  This is a parent of
     // Timelines' cancellation token.
     pub(crate) cancel: CancellationToken,
@@ -563,6 +595,8 @@ pub enum CreateTimelineError {
     AncestorLsn(anyhow::Error),
     #[error("ancestor timeline is not active")]
     AncestorNotActive,
+    #[error("ancestor timeline is archived")]
+    AncestorArchived,
     #[error("tenant shutting down")]
     ShuttingDown,
     #[error(transparent)]
@@ -970,11 +1004,15 @@ impl Tenant {
                 // Remote preload is complete.
                 drop(remote_load_completion);
 
+
                 // We will time the duration of the attach phase unless this is a creation (attach will do no work)
+                let attach_start = std::time::Instant::now();
                 let attached = {
                     let _attach_timer = Some(TENANT.attach.start_timer());
                     tenant_clone.attach(preload, &ctx).await
                 };
+                let attach_duration = attach_start.elapsed();
+                _ = tenant_clone.attach_wal_lag_cooldown.set(WalLagCooldown::new(attach_start, attach_duration));
 
                 match attached {
                     Ok(()) => {
@@ -1698,6 +1736,11 @@ impl Tenant {
                     return Err(CreateTimelineError::AncestorNotActive);
                 }
 
+                if ancestor_timeline.is_archived() == Some(true) {
+                    info!("tried to branch archived timeline");
+                    return Err(CreateTimelineError::AncestorArchived);
+                }
+
                 if let Some(lsn) = ancestor_start_lsn.as_mut() {
                     *lsn = lsn.align();
 
@@ -1815,6 +1858,11 @@ impl Tenant {
                 info!("Skipping GC in location state {:?}", conf.location);
                 return Ok(GcResult::default());
             }
+
+            if conf.is_gc_blocked_by_lsn_lease_deadline() {
+                info!("Skipping GC because lsn lease deadline is not reached");
+                return Ok(GcResult::default());
+            }
         }
 
         let _guard = match self.gc_block.start().await {
@@ -2623,6 +2671,8 @@ impl Tenant {
             Arc::new(AttachedTenantConf {
                 tenant_conf: new_tenant_conf.clone(),
                 location: inner.location,
+                // Attached location is not changed, no need to update lsn lease deadline.
+                lsn_lease_deadline: inner.lsn_lease_deadline,
             })
         });
 
@@ -2712,6 +2762,7 @@ impl Tenant {
             pg_version,
             state,
             last_aux_file_policy,
+            self.attach_wal_lag_cooldown.clone(),
             self.cancel.child_token(),
         );
 
@@ -2818,6 +2869,7 @@ impl Tenant {
                 Some(Duration::from_secs(3600 * 24)),
             )),
             activate_now_sem: tokio::sync::Semaphore::new(0),
+            attach_wal_lag_cooldown: Arc::new(std::sync::OnceLock::new()),
             cancel: CancellationToken::default(),
             gate: Gate::default(),
             timeline_get_throttle: Arc::new(throttle::Throttle::new(
@@ -3880,9 +3932,9 @@ async fn run_initdb(
     let _permit = INIT_DB_SEMAPHORE.acquire().await;
 
     let initdb_command = tokio::process::Command::new(&initdb_bin_path)
-        .args(["-D", initdb_target_dir.as_ref()])
-        .args(["-U", &conf.superuser])
-        .args(["-E", "utf8"])
+        .args(["--pgdata", initdb_target_dir.as_ref()])
+        .args(["--username", &conf.superuser])
+        .args(["--encoding", "utf8"])
         .arg("--no-instructions")
         .arg("--no-sync")
         .env_clear()
@@ -4454,13 +4506,17 @@ mod tests {
         tline.freeze_and_flush().await.map_err(|e| e.into())
     }
 
-    #[tokio::test]
+    #[tokio::test(start_paused = true)]
     async fn test_prohibit_branch_creation_on_garbage_collected_data() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
         let (tenant, ctx) =
             TenantHarness::create("test_prohibit_branch_creation_on_garbage_collected_data")
                 .await?
                 .load()
                 .await;
+        // Advance to the lsn lease deadline so that GC is not blocked by
+        // initial transition into AttachedSingle.
+        tokio::time::advance(tenant.get_lsn_lease_length()).await;
+        tokio::time::resume();
         let tline = tenant
             .create_test_timeline(TIMELINE_ID, Lsn(0x10), DEFAULT_PG_VERSION, &ctx)
             .await?;
@@ -7237,9 +7293,17 @@ mod tests {
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    #[tokio::test]
+    #[tokio::test(start_paused = true)]
     async fn test_lsn_lease() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
-        let (tenant, ctx) = TenantHarness::create("test_lsn_lease").await?.load().await;
+        let (tenant, ctx) = TenantHarness::create("test_lsn_lease")
+            .await
+            .unwrap()
+            .load()
+            .await;
+        // Advance to the lsn lease deadline so that GC is not blocked by
+        // initial transition into AttachedSingle.
+        tokio::time::advance(tenant.get_lsn_lease_length()).await;
+        tokio::time::resume();
         let key = Key::from_hex("010000000033333333444444445500000000").unwrap();
 
         let end_lsn = Lsn(0x100);
@@ -7267,24 +7331,33 @@ mod tests {
 
         let leased_lsns = [0x30, 0x50, 0x70];
         let mut leases = Vec::new();
-        let _: anyhow::Result<_> = leased_lsns.iter().try_for_each(|n| {
-            leases.push(timeline.make_lsn_lease(Lsn(*n), timeline.get_lsn_lease_length(), &ctx)?);
-            Ok(())
+        leased_lsns.iter().for_each(|n| {
+            leases.push(
+                timeline
+                    .init_lsn_lease(Lsn(*n), timeline.get_lsn_lease_length(), &ctx)
+                    .expect("lease request should succeed"),
+            );
         });
 
-        // Renewing with shorter lease should not change the lease.
-        let updated_lease_0 =
-            timeline.make_lsn_lease(Lsn(leased_lsns[0]), Duration::from_secs(0), &ctx)?;
-        assert_eq!(updated_lease_0.valid_until, leases[0].valid_until);
+        let updated_lease_0 = timeline
+            .renew_lsn_lease(Lsn(leased_lsns[0]), Duration::from_secs(0), &ctx)
+            .expect("lease renewal should succeed");
+        assert_eq!(
+            updated_lease_0.valid_until, leases[0].valid_until,
+            " Renewing with shorter lease should not change the lease."
+        );
 
-        // Renewing with a long lease should renew lease with later expiration time.
-        let updated_lease_1 = timeline.make_lsn_lease(
-            Lsn(leased_lsns[1]),
-            timeline.get_lsn_lease_length() * 2,
-            &ctx,
-        )?;
-
-        assert!(updated_lease_1.valid_until > leases[1].valid_until);
+        let updated_lease_1 = timeline
+            .renew_lsn_lease(
+                Lsn(leased_lsns[1]),
+                timeline.get_lsn_lease_length() * 2,
+                &ctx,
+            )
+            .expect("lease renewal should succeed");
+        assert!(
+            updated_lease_1.valid_until > leases[1].valid_until,
+            "Renewing with a long lease should renew lease with later expiration time."
+        );
 
         // Force set disk consistent lsn so we can get the cutoff at `end_lsn`.
         info!(
@@ -7301,7 +7374,8 @@ mod tests {
                 &CancellationToken::new(),
                 &ctx,
             )
-            .await?;
+            .await
+            .unwrap();
 
         // Keeping everything <= Lsn(0x80) b/c leases:
         // 0/10: initdb layer
@@ -7315,13 +7389,16 @@ mod tests {
         // Make lease on a already GC-ed LSN.
         // 0/80 does not have a valid lease + is below latest_gc_cutoff
         assert!(Lsn(0x80) < *timeline.get_latest_gc_cutoff_lsn());
-        let res = timeline.make_lsn_lease(Lsn(0x80), timeline.get_lsn_lease_length(), &ctx);
-        assert!(res.is_err());
+        timeline
+            .init_lsn_lease(Lsn(0x80), timeline.get_lsn_lease_length(), &ctx)
+            .expect_err("lease request on GC-ed LSN should fail");
 
         // Should still be able to renew a currently valid lease
         // Assumption: original lease to is still valid for 0/50.
-        let _ =
-            timeline.make_lsn_lease(Lsn(leased_lsns[1]), timeline.get_lsn_lease_length(), &ctx)?;
+        // (use `Timeline::init_lsn_lease` for testing so it always does validation)
+        timeline
+            .init_lsn_lease(Lsn(leased_lsns[1]), timeline.get_lsn_lease_length(), &ctx)
+            .expect("lease renewal with validation should succeed");
 
         Ok(())
     }

pageserver/src/tenant/checks.rs

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ use itertools::Itertools;
 use super::storage_layer::LayerName;
 
 /// Checks whether a layer map is valid (i.e., is a valid result of the current compaction algorithm if nothing goes wrong).
+///
 /// The function checks if we can split the LSN range of a delta layer only at the LSNs of the delta layers. For example,
 ///
 /// ```plain

pageserver/src/tenant/config.rs

@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@
 //! We cannot use global or default config instead, because wrong settings
 //! may lead to a data loss.
 //!
-use anyhow::bail;
 pub(crate) use pageserver_api::config::TenantConfigToml as TenantConf;
 use pageserver_api::models::AuxFilePolicy;
 use pageserver_api::models::CompactionAlgorithmSettings;
@@ -441,29 +440,6 @@ impl TryFrom<&'_ models::TenantConfig> for TenantConfOpt {
     }
 }
 
-impl TryFrom<toml_edit::Item> for TenantConfOpt {
-    type Error = anyhow::Error;
-
-    fn try_from(item: toml_edit::Item) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
-        match item {
-            toml_edit::Item::Value(value) => {
-                let d = value.into_deserializer();
-                return serde_path_to_error::deserialize(d)
-                    .map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!("{}: {}", e.path(), e.inner().message()));
-            }
-            toml_edit::Item::Table(table) => {
-                let deserializer =
-                    toml_edit::de::Deserializer::from(toml_edit::DocumentMut::from(table));
-                return serde_path_to_error::deserialize(deserializer)
-                    .map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!("{}: {}", e.path(), e.inner().message()));
-            }
-            _ => {
-                bail!("expected non-inline table but found {item}")
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
-
 /// This is a conversion from our internal tenant config object to the one used
 /// in external APIs.
 impl From<TenantConfOpt> for models::TenantConfig {

pageserver/src/tenant/gc_block.rs

@@ -1,29 +1,12 @@
-use std::{collections::HashMap, time::Duration};
+use std::collections::HashMap;
 
-use super::remote_timeline_client::index::GcBlockingReason;
-use tokio::time::Instant;
 use utils::id::TimelineId;
 
-type TimelinesBlocked = HashMap<TimelineId, enumset::EnumSet<GcBlockingReason>>;
+use super::remote_timeline_client::index::GcBlockingReason;
 
-#[derive(Default)]
-struct Storage {
-    timelines_blocked: TimelinesBlocked,
-    /// The deadline before which we are blocked from GC so that
-    /// leases have a chance to be renewed.
-    lsn_lease_deadline: Option<Instant>,
-}
+type Storage = HashMap<TimelineId, enumset::EnumSet<GcBlockingReason>>;
 
-impl Storage {
-    fn is_blocked_by_lsn_lease_deadline(&self) -> bool {
-        self.lsn_lease_deadline
-            .map(|d| Instant::now() < d)
-            .unwrap_or(false)
-    }
-}
-
-/// GcBlock provides persistent (per-timeline) gc blocking and facilitates transient time based gc
-/// blocking.
+/// GcBlock provides persistent (per-timeline) gc blocking.
 #[derive(Default)]
 pub(crate) struct GcBlock {
     /// The timelines which have current reasons to block gc.
@@ -66,17 +49,6 @@ impl GcBlock {
         }
     }
 
-    /// Sets a deadline before which we cannot proceed to GC due to lsn lease.
-    ///
-    /// We do this as the leases mapping are not persisted to disk. By delaying GC by lease
-    /// length, we guarantee that all the leases we granted before will have a chance to renew
-    /// when we run GC for the first time after restart / transition from AttachedMulti to AttachedSingle.
-    pub(super) fn set_lsn_lease_deadline(&self, lsn_lease_length: Duration) {
-        let deadline = Instant::now() + lsn_lease_length;
-        let mut g = self.reasons.lock().unwrap();
-        g.lsn_lease_deadline = Some(deadline);
-    }
-
     /// Describe the current gc blocking reasons.
     ///
     /// TODO: make this json serializable.
@@ -102,7 +74,7 @@ impl GcBlock {
     ) -> anyhow::Result<bool> {
         let (added, uploaded) = {
             let mut g = self.reasons.lock().unwrap();
-            let set = g.timelines_blocked.entry(timeline.timeline_id).or_default();
+            let set = g.entry(timeline.timeline_id).or_default();
             let added = set.insert(reason);
 
             // LOCK ORDER: intentionally hold the lock, see self.reasons.
@@ -133,7 +105,7 @@ impl GcBlock {
 
         let (remaining_blocks, uploaded) = {
             let mut g = self.reasons.lock().unwrap();
-            match g.timelines_blocked.entry(timeline.timeline_id) {
+            match g.entry(timeline.timeline_id) {
                 Entry::Occupied(mut oe) => {
                     let set = oe.get_mut();
                     set.remove(reason);
@@ -147,7 +119,7 @@ impl GcBlock {
                 }
             }
 
-            let remaining_blocks = g.timelines_blocked.len();
+            let remaining_blocks = g.len();
 
             // LOCK ORDER: intentionally hold the lock while scheduling; see self.reasons
             let uploaded = timeline
@@ -172,11 +144,11 @@ impl GcBlock {
     pub(crate) fn before_delete(&self, timeline: &super::Timeline) {
         let unblocked = {
             let mut g = self.reasons.lock().unwrap();
-            if g.timelines_blocked.is_empty() {
+            if g.is_empty() {
                 return;
             }
 
-            g.timelines_blocked.remove(&timeline.timeline_id);
+            g.remove(&timeline.timeline_id);
 
             BlockingReasons::clean_and_summarize(g).is_none()
         };
@@ -187,11 +159,10 @@ impl GcBlock {
     }
 
     /// Initialize with the non-deleted timelines of this tenant.
-    pub(crate) fn set_scanned(&self, scanned: TimelinesBlocked) {
+    pub(crate) fn set_scanned(&self, scanned: Storage) {
         let mut g = self.reasons.lock().unwrap();
-        assert!(g.timelines_blocked.is_empty());
-        g.timelines_blocked
-            .extend(scanned.into_iter().filter(|(_, v)| !v.is_empty()));
+        assert!(g.is_empty());
+        g.extend(scanned.into_iter().filter(|(_, v)| !v.is_empty()));
 
         if let Some(reasons) = BlockingReasons::clean_and_summarize(g) {
             tracing::info!(summary=?reasons, "initialized with gc blocked");
@@ -205,7 +176,6 @@ pub(super) struct Guard<'a> {
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub(crate) struct BlockingReasons {
-    tenant_blocked_by_lsn_lease_deadline: bool,
     timelines: usize,
     reasons: enumset::EnumSet<GcBlockingReason>,
 }
@@ -214,8 +184,8 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for BlockingReasons {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
         write!(
             f,
-            "tenant_blocked_by_lsn_lease_deadline: {}, {} timelines block for {:?}",
-            self.tenant_blocked_by_lsn_lease_deadline, self.timelines, self.reasons
+            "{} timelines block for {:?}",
+            self.timelines, self.reasons
         )
     }
 }
@@ -223,15 +193,13 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for BlockingReasons {
 impl BlockingReasons {
     fn clean_and_summarize(mut g: std::sync::MutexGuard<'_, Storage>) -> Option<Self> {
         let mut reasons = enumset::EnumSet::empty();
-        g.timelines_blocked.retain(|_key, value| {
+        g.retain(|_key, value| {
             reasons = reasons.union(*value);
             !value.is_empty()
         });
-        let blocked_by_lsn_lease_deadline = g.is_blocked_by_lsn_lease_deadline();
-        if !g.timelines_blocked.is_empty() || blocked_by_lsn_lease_deadline {
+        if !g.is_empty() {
             Some(BlockingReasons {
-                tenant_blocked_by_lsn_lease_deadline: blocked_by_lsn_lease_deadline,
-                timelines: g.timelines_blocked.len(),
+                timelines: g.len(),
                 reasons,
             })
         } else {
@@ -240,17 +208,14 @@ impl BlockingReasons {
     }
 
     fn summarize(g: &std::sync::MutexGuard<'_, Storage>) -> Option<Self> {
-        let blocked_by_lsn_lease_deadline = g.is_blocked_by_lsn_lease_deadline();
-        if g.timelines_blocked.is_empty() && !blocked_by_lsn_lease_deadline {
+        if g.is_empty() {
             None
         } else {
             let reasons = g
-                .timelines_blocked
                 .values()
                 .fold(enumset::EnumSet::empty(), |acc, next| acc.union(*next));
             Some(BlockingReasons {
-                tenant_blocked_by_lsn_lease_deadline: blocked_by_lsn_lease_deadline,
-                timelines: g.timelines_blocked.len(),
+                timelines: g.len(),
                 reasons,
             })
         }

pageserver/src/tenant/mgr.rs

@@ -30,8 +30,8 @@ use utils::{backoff, completion, crashsafe};
 
 use crate::config::PageServerConf;
 use crate::context::{DownloadBehavior, RequestContext};
-use crate::control_plane_client::{
-    ControlPlaneClient, ControlPlaneGenerationsApi, RetryForeverError,
+use crate::controller_upcall_client::{
+    ControlPlaneGenerationsApi, ControllerUpcallClient, RetryForeverError,
 };
 use crate::deletion_queue::DeletionQueueClient;
 use crate::http::routes::ACTIVE_TENANT_TIMEOUT;
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ pub(crate) enum ShardSelector {
     Known(ShardIndex),
 }
 
-/// A convenience for use with the re_attach ControlPlaneClient function: rather
+/// A convenience for use with the re_attach ControllerUpcallClient function: rather
 /// than the serializable struct, we build this enum that encapsulates
 /// the invariant that attached tenants always have generations.
 ///
@@ -219,7 +219,11 @@ async fn safe_rename_tenant_dir(path: impl AsRef<Utf8Path>) -> std::io::Result<U
         + TEMP_FILE_SUFFIX;
     let tmp_path = path_with_suffix_extension(&path, &rand_suffix);
     fs::rename(path.as_ref(), &tmp_path).await?;
-    fs::File::open(parent).await?.sync_all().await?;
+    fs::File::open(parent)
+        .await?
+        .sync_all()
+        .await
+        .maybe_fatal_err("safe_rename_tenant_dir")?;
     Ok(tmp_path)
 }
 
@@ -341,7 +345,7 @@ async fn init_load_generations(
             "Emergency mode!  Tenants will be attached unsafely using their last known generation"
         );
         emergency_generations(tenant_confs)
-    } else if let Some(client) = ControlPlaneClient::new(conf, cancel) {
+    } else if let Some(client) = ControllerUpcallClient::new(conf, cancel) {
         info!("Calling control plane API to re-attach tenants");
         // If we are configured to use the control plane API, then it is the source of truth for what tenants to load.
         match client.re_attach(conf).await {
@@ -949,12 +953,6 @@ impl TenantManager {
                 (LocationMode::Attached(attach_conf), Some(TenantSlot::Attached(tenant))) => {
                     match attach_conf.generation.cmp(&tenant.generation) {
                         Ordering::Equal => {
-                            if attach_conf.attach_mode == AttachmentMode::Single {
-                                tenant
-                                    .gc_block
-                                    .set_lsn_lease_deadline(tenant.get_lsn_lease_length());
-                            }
-
                             // A transition from Attached to Attached in the same generation, we may
                             // take our fast path and just provide the updated configuration
                             // to the tenant.
@@ -2199,6 +2197,82 @@ impl TenantManager {
 
         Ok((wanted_bytes, shard_count as u32))
     }
+
+    #[instrument(skip_all, fields(tenant_id=%tenant_shard_id.tenant_id, shard_id=%tenant_shard_id.shard_slug(), %timeline_id))]
+    pub(crate) async fn immediate_gc(
+        &self,
+        tenant_shard_id: TenantShardId,
+        timeline_id: TimelineId,
+        gc_req: TimelineGcRequest,
+        cancel: CancellationToken,
+        ctx: &RequestContext,
+    ) -> Result<GcResult, ApiError> {
+        let tenant = {
+            let guard = self.tenants.read().unwrap();
+            guard
+                .get(&tenant_shard_id)
+                .cloned()
+                .with_context(|| format!("tenant {tenant_shard_id}"))
+                .map_err(|e| ApiError::NotFound(e.into()))?
+        };
+
+        let gc_horizon = gc_req.gc_horizon.unwrap_or_else(|| tenant.get_gc_horizon());
+        // Use tenant's pitr setting
+        let pitr = tenant.get_pitr_interval();
+
+        tenant.wait_to_become_active(ACTIVE_TENANT_TIMEOUT).await?;
+
+        // Run in task_mgr to avoid race with tenant_detach operation
+        let ctx: RequestContext =
+            ctx.detached_child(TaskKind::GarbageCollector, DownloadBehavior::Download);
+
+        let _gate_guard = tenant.gate.enter().map_err(|_| ApiError::ShuttingDown)?;
+
+        fail::fail_point!("immediate_gc_task_pre");
+
+        #[allow(unused_mut)]
+        let mut result = tenant
+            .gc_iteration(Some(timeline_id), gc_horizon, pitr, &cancel, &ctx)
+            .await;
+        // FIXME: `gc_iteration` can return an error for multiple reasons; we should handle it
+        // better once the types support it.
+
+        #[cfg(feature = "testing")]
+        {
+            // we need to synchronize with drop completion for python tests without polling for
+            // log messages
+            if let Ok(result) = result.as_mut() {
+                let mut js = tokio::task::JoinSet::new();
+                for layer in std::mem::take(&mut result.doomed_layers) {
+                    js.spawn(layer.wait_drop());
+                }
+                tracing::info!(
+                    total = js.len(),
+                    "starting to wait for the gc'd layers to be dropped"
+                );
+                while let Some(res) = js.join_next().await {
+                    res.expect("wait_drop should not panic");
+                }
+            }
+
+            let timeline = tenant.get_timeline(timeline_id, false).ok();
+            let rtc = timeline.as_ref().map(|x| &x.remote_client);
+
+            if let Some(rtc) = rtc {
+                // layer drops schedule actions on remote timeline client to actually do the
+                // deletions; don't care about the shutdown error, just exit fast
+                drop(rtc.wait_completion().await);
+            }
+        }
+
+        result.map_err(|e| match e {
+            GcError::TenantCancelled | GcError::TimelineCancelled => ApiError::ShuttingDown,
+            GcError::TimelineNotFound => {
+                ApiError::NotFound(anyhow::anyhow!("Timeline not found").into())
+            }
+            other => ApiError::InternalServerError(anyhow::anyhow!(other)),
+        })
+    }
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, thiserror::Error)]
@@ -2343,7 +2417,7 @@ enum TenantSlotDropError {
 /// Errors that can happen any time we are walking the tenant map to try and acquire
 /// the TenantSlot for a particular tenant.
 #[derive(Debug, thiserror::Error)]
-pub enum TenantMapError {
+pub(crate) enum TenantMapError {
     // Tried to read while initializing
     #[error("tenant map is still initializing")]
     StillInitializing,
@@ -2373,7 +2447,7 @@ pub enum TenantMapError {
 /// The `old_value` may be dropped before the SlotGuard is dropped, by calling
 /// `drop_old_value`.  It is an error to call this without shutting down
 /// the conents of `old_value`.
-pub struct SlotGuard {
+pub(crate) struct SlotGuard {
     tenant_shard_id: TenantShardId,
     old_value: Option<TenantSlot>,
     upserted: bool,
@@ -2766,81 +2840,6 @@ use {
     utils::http::error::ApiError,
 };
 
-#[instrument(skip_all, fields(tenant_id=%tenant_shard_id.tenant_id, shard_id=%tenant_shard_id.shard_slug(), %timeline_id))]
-pub(crate) async fn immediate_gc(
-    tenant_shard_id: TenantShardId,
-    timeline_id: TimelineId,
-    gc_req: TimelineGcRequest,
-    cancel: CancellationToken,
-    ctx: &RequestContext,
-) -> Result<GcResult, ApiError> {
-    let tenant = {
-        let guard = TENANTS.read().unwrap();
-        guard
-            .get(&tenant_shard_id)
-            .cloned()
-            .with_context(|| format!("tenant {tenant_shard_id}"))
-            .map_err(|e| ApiError::NotFound(e.into()))?
-    };
-
-    let gc_horizon = gc_req.gc_horizon.unwrap_or_else(|| tenant.get_gc_horizon());
-    // Use tenant's pitr setting
-    let pitr = tenant.get_pitr_interval();
-
-    tenant.wait_to_become_active(ACTIVE_TENANT_TIMEOUT).await?;
-
-    // Run in task_mgr to avoid race with tenant_detach operation
-    let ctx: RequestContext =
-        ctx.detached_child(TaskKind::GarbageCollector, DownloadBehavior::Download);
-
-    let _gate_guard = tenant.gate.enter().map_err(|_| ApiError::ShuttingDown)?;
-
-    fail::fail_point!("immediate_gc_task_pre");
-
-    #[allow(unused_mut)]
-    let mut result = tenant
-        .gc_iteration(Some(timeline_id), gc_horizon, pitr, &cancel, &ctx)
-        .await;
-    // FIXME: `gc_iteration` can return an error for multiple reasons; we should handle it
-    // better once the types support it.
-
-    #[cfg(feature = "testing")]
-    {
-        // we need to synchronize with drop completion for python tests without polling for
-        // log messages
-        if let Ok(result) = result.as_mut() {
-            let mut js = tokio::task::JoinSet::new();
-            for layer in std::mem::take(&mut result.doomed_layers) {
-                js.spawn(layer.wait_drop());
-            }
-            tracing::info!(
-                total = js.len(),
-                "starting to wait for the gc'd layers to be dropped"
-            );
-            while let Some(res) = js.join_next().await {
-                res.expect("wait_drop should not panic");
-            }
-        }
-
-        let timeline = tenant.get_timeline(timeline_id, false).ok();
-        let rtc = timeline.as_ref().map(|x| &x.remote_client);
-
-        if let Some(rtc) = rtc {
-            // layer drops schedule actions on remote timeline client to actually do the
-            // deletions; don't care about the shutdown error, just exit fast
-            drop(rtc.wait_completion().await);
-        }
-    }
-
-    result.map_err(|e| match e {
-        GcError::TenantCancelled | GcError::TimelineCancelled => ApiError::ShuttingDown,
-        GcError::TimelineNotFound => {
-            ApiError::NotFound(anyhow::anyhow!("Timeline not found").into())
-        }
-        other => ApiError::InternalServerError(anyhow::anyhow!(other)),
-    })
-}
-
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use std::collections::BTreeMap;

pageserver/src/tenant/remote_timeline_client/download.rs

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ use crate::tenant::Generation;
 use crate::virtual_file::owned_buffers_io::io_buf_ext::IoBufExt;
 use crate::virtual_file::{on_fatal_io_error, MaybeFatalIo, VirtualFile};
 use crate::TEMP_FILE_SUFFIX;
-use remote_storage::{DownloadError, GenericRemoteStorage, ListingMode, RemotePath};
+use remote_storage::{DownloadError, DownloadOpts, GenericRemoteStorage, ListingMode, RemotePath};
 use utils::crashsafe::path_with_suffix_extension;
 use utils::id::{TenantId, TimelineId};
 use utils::pausable_failpoint;
@@ -153,7 +153,9 @@ async fn download_object<'a>(
                     .with_context(|| format!("create a destination file for layer '{dst_path}'"))
                     .map_err(DownloadError::Other)?;
 
-                let download = storage.download(src_path, cancel).await?;
+                let download = storage
+                    .download(src_path, &DownloadOpts::default(), cancel)
+                    .await?;
 
                 pausable_failpoint!("before-downloading-layer-stream-pausable");
 
@@ -178,6 +180,7 @@ async fn download_object<'a>(
                 destination_file
                     .flush()
                     .await
+                    .maybe_fatal_err("download_object sync_all")
                     .with_context(|| format!("flush source file at {dst_path}"))
                     .map_err(DownloadError::Other)?;
 
@@ -185,6 +188,7 @@ async fn download_object<'a>(
                 destination_file
                     .sync_all()
                     .await
+                    .maybe_fatal_err("download_object sync_all")
                     .with_context(|| format!("failed to fsync source file at {dst_path}"))
                     .map_err(DownloadError::Other)?;
 
@@ -202,7 +206,9 @@ async fn download_object<'a>(
                     .with_context(|| format!("create a destination file for layer '{dst_path}'"))
                     .map_err(DownloadError::Other)?;
 
-                let mut download = storage.download(src_path, cancel).await?;
+                let mut download = storage
+                    .download(src_path, &DownloadOpts::default(), cancel)
+                    .await?;
 
                 pausable_failpoint!("before-downloading-layer-stream-pausable");
 
@@ -232,6 +238,7 @@ async fn download_object<'a>(
                 destination_file
                     .sync_all()
                     .await
+                    .maybe_fatal_err("download_object sync_all")
                     .with_context(|| format!("failed to fsync source file at {dst_path}"))
                     .map_err(DownloadError::Other)?;
 
@@ -341,7 +348,9 @@ async fn do_download_index_part(
 
     let index_part_bytes = download_retry_forever(
         || async {
-            let download = storage.download(&remote_path, cancel).await?;
+            let download = storage
+                .download(&remote_path, &DownloadOpts::default(), cancel)
+                .await?;
 
             let mut bytes = Vec::new();
 
@@ -523,10 +532,15 @@ pub(crate) async fn download_initdb_tar_zst(
                 .with_context(|| format!("tempfile creation {temp_path}"))
                 .map_err(DownloadError::Other)?;
 
-            let download = match storage.download(&remote_path, cancel).await {
+            let download = match storage
+                .download(&remote_path, &DownloadOpts::default(), cancel)
+                .await
+            {
                 Ok(dl) => dl,
                 Err(DownloadError::NotFound) => {
-                    storage.download(&remote_preserved_path, cancel).await?
+                    storage
+                        .download(&remote_preserved_path, &DownloadOpts::default(), cancel)
+                        .await?
                 }
                 Err(other) => Err(other)?,
             };

pageserver/src/tenant/secondary/downloader.rs

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ use futures::Future;
 use metrics::UIntGauge;
 use pageserver_api::models::SecondaryProgress;
 use pageserver_api::shard::TenantShardId;
-use remote_storage::{DownloadError, Etag, GenericRemoteStorage};
+use remote_storage::{DownloadError, DownloadOpts, Etag, GenericRemoteStorage};
 
 use tokio_util::sync::CancellationToken;
 use tracing::{info_span, instrument, warn, Instrument};
@@ -944,36 +944,34 @@ impl<'a> TenantDownloader<'a> {
     ) -> Result<HeatMapDownload, UpdateError> {
         debug_assert_current_span_has_tenant_id();
         let tenant_shard_id = self.secondary_state.get_tenant_shard_id();
-        // TODO: pull up etag check into the request, to do a conditional GET rather than
-        // issuing a GET and then maybe ignoring the response body
-        // (https://github.com/neondatabase/neon/issues/6199)
         tracing::debug!("Downloading heatmap for secondary tenant",);
 
         let heatmap_path = remote_heatmap_path(tenant_shard_id);
         let cancel = &self.secondary_state.cancel;
+        let opts = DownloadOpts {
+            etag: prev_etag.cloned(),
+        };
 
         backoff::retry(
             || async {
-                let download = self
+                let download = match self
                     .remote_storage
-                    .download(&heatmap_path, cancel)
+                    .download(&heatmap_path, &opts, cancel)
                     .await
-                    .map_err(UpdateError::from)?;
+                {
+                    Ok(download) => download,
+                    Err(DownloadError::Unmodified) => return Ok(HeatMapDownload::Unmodified),
+                    Err(err) => return Err(err.into()),
+                };
 
-                SECONDARY_MODE.download_heatmap.inc();
-
-                if Some(&download.etag) == prev_etag {
-                    Ok(HeatMapDownload::Unmodified)
-                } else {
-                    let mut heatmap_bytes = Vec::new();
-                    let mut body = tokio_util::io::StreamReader::new(download.download_stream);
-                    let _size = tokio::io::copy_buf(&mut body, &mut heatmap_bytes).await?;
-                    Ok(HeatMapDownload::Modified(HeatMapModified {
-                        etag: download.etag,
-                        last_modified: download.last_modified,
-                        bytes: heatmap_bytes,
-                    }))
-                }
+                let mut heatmap_bytes = Vec::new();
+                let mut body = tokio_util::io::StreamReader::new(download.download_stream);
+                let _size = tokio::io::copy_buf(&mut body, &mut heatmap_bytes).await?;
+                Ok(HeatMapDownload::Modified(HeatMapModified {
+                    etag: download.etag,
+                    last_modified: download.last_modified,
+                    bytes: heatmap_bytes,
+                }))
             },
             |e| matches!(e, UpdateError::NoData | UpdateError::Cancelled),
             FAILED_DOWNLOAD_WARN_THRESHOLD,
@@ -984,6 +982,7 @@ impl<'a> TenantDownloader<'a> {
         .await
         .ok_or_else(|| UpdateError::Cancelled)
         .and_then(|x| x)
+        .inspect(|_| SECONDARY_MODE.download_heatmap.inc())
     }
 
     /// Download heatmap layers that are not present on local disk, or update their

pageserver/src/tenant/storage_layer/delta_layer.rs

@@ -40,11 +40,11 @@ use crate::tenant::storage_layer::layer::S3_UPLOAD_LIMIT;
 use crate::tenant::timeline::GetVectoredError;
 use crate::tenant::vectored_blob_io::{
     BlobFlag, BufView, StreamingVectoredReadPlanner, VectoredBlobReader, VectoredRead,
-    VectoredReadCoalesceMode, VectoredReadPlanner,
+    VectoredReadPlanner,
 };
 use crate::tenant::PageReconstructError;
 use crate::virtual_file::owned_buffers_io::io_buf_ext::{FullSlice, IoBufExt};
-use crate::virtual_file::{self, VirtualFile};
+use crate::virtual_file::{self, MaybeFatalIo, VirtualFile};
 use crate::{walrecord, TEMP_FILE_SUFFIX};
 use crate::{DELTA_FILE_MAGIC, STORAGE_FORMAT_VERSION};
 use anyhow::{anyhow, bail, ensure, Context, Result};
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ use camino::{Utf8Path, Utf8PathBuf};
 use futures::StreamExt;
 use itertools::Itertools;
 use pageserver_api::config::MaxVectoredReadBytes;
+use pageserver_api::key::DBDIR_KEY;
 use pageserver_api::keyspace::KeySpace;
 use pageserver_api::models::ImageCompressionAlgorithm;
 use pageserver_api::shard::TenantShardId;
@@ -589,7 +590,9 @@ impl DeltaLayerWriterInner {
         );
 
         // fsync the file
-        file.sync_all().await?;
+        file.sync_all()
+            .await
+            .maybe_fatal_err("delta_layer sync_all")?;
 
         trace!("created delta layer {}", self.path);
 
@@ -961,14 +964,25 @@ impl DeltaLayerInner {
                 .blobs_at
                 .as_slice()
                 .iter()
-                .map(|(_, blob_meta)| format!("{}@{}", blob_meta.key, blob_meta.lsn))
+                .filter_map(|(_, blob_meta)| {
+                    if blob_meta.key.is_rel_dir_key() || blob_meta.key == DBDIR_KEY {
+                        // The size of values for these keys is unbounded and can
+                        // grow very large in pathological cases.
+                        None
+                    } else {
+                        Some(format!("{}@{}", blob_meta.key, blob_meta.lsn))
+                    }
+                })
                 .join(", ");
-            tracing::warn!(
-                "Oversized vectored read ({} > {}) for keys {}",
-                largest_read_size,
-                read_size_soft_max,
-                offenders
-            );
+
+            if !offenders.is_empty() {
+                tracing::warn!(
+                    "Oversized vectored read ({} > {}) for keys {}",
+                    largest_read_size,
+                    read_size_soft_max,
+                    offenders
+                );
+            }
         }
 
         largest_read_size
@@ -1133,7 +1147,7 @@ impl DeltaLayerInner {
         ctx: &RequestContext,
     ) -> anyhow::Result<usize> {
         use crate::tenant::vectored_blob_io::{
-            BlobMeta, VectoredReadBuilder, VectoredReadExtended,
+            BlobMeta, ChunkedVectoredReadBuilder, VectoredReadExtended,
         };
         use futures::stream::TryStreamExt;
 
@@ -1183,8 +1197,8 @@ impl DeltaLayerInner {
 
         let mut prev: Option<(Key, Lsn, BlobRef)> = None;
 
-        let mut read_builder: Option<VectoredReadBuilder> = None;
-        let read_mode = VectoredReadCoalesceMode::get();
+        let mut read_builder: Option<ChunkedVectoredReadBuilder> = None;
+        let align = virtual_file::get_io_buffer_alignment();
 
         let max_read_size = self
             .max_vectored_read_bytes
@@ -1228,12 +1242,12 @@ impl DeltaLayerInner {
                 {
                     None
                 } else {
-                    read_builder.replace(VectoredReadBuilder::new(
+                    read_builder.replace(ChunkedVectoredReadBuilder::new(
                         offsets.start.pos(),
                         offsets.end.pos(),
                         meta,
                         max_read_size,
-                        read_mode,
+                        align,
                     ))
                 }
             } else {

pageserver/src/tenant/storage_layer/image_layer.rs

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ use crate::tenant::vectored_blob_io::{
 };
 use crate::tenant::PageReconstructError;
 use crate::virtual_file::owned_buffers_io::io_buf_ext::IoBufExt;
-use crate::virtual_file::{self, VirtualFile};
+use crate::virtual_file::{self, MaybeFatalIo, VirtualFile};
 use crate::{IMAGE_FILE_MAGIC, STORAGE_FORMAT_VERSION, TEMP_FILE_SUFFIX};
 use anyhow::{anyhow, bail, ensure, Context, Result};
 use bytes::{Bytes, BytesMut};
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ use camino::{Utf8Path, Utf8PathBuf};
 use hex;
 use itertools::Itertools;
 use pageserver_api::config::MaxVectoredReadBytes;
+use pageserver_api::key::DBDIR_KEY;
 use pageserver_api::keyspace::KeySpace;
 use pageserver_api::shard::{ShardIdentity, TenantShardId};
 use rand::{distributions::Alphanumeric, Rng};
@@ -587,14 +588,25 @@ impl ImageLayerInner {
                     .blobs_at
                     .as_slice()
                     .iter()
-                    .map(|(_, blob_meta)| format!("{}@{}", blob_meta.key, blob_meta.lsn))
+                    .filter_map(|(_, blob_meta)| {
+                        if blob_meta.key.is_rel_dir_key() || blob_meta.key == DBDIR_KEY {
+                            // The size of values for these keys is unbounded and can
+                            // grow very large in pathological cases.
+                            None
+                        } else {
+                            Some(format!("{}@{}", blob_meta.key, blob_meta.lsn))
+                        }
+                    })
                     .join(", ");
-                tracing::warn!(
-                    "Oversized vectored read ({} > {}) for keys {}",
-                    buf_size,
-                    max_vectored_read_bytes,
-                    offenders
-                );
+
+                if !offenders.is_empty() {
+                    tracing::warn!(
+                        "Oversized vectored read ({} > {}) for keys {}",
+                        buf_size,
+                        max_vectored_read_bytes,
+                        offenders
+                    );
+                }
             }
 
             let buf = BytesMut::with_capacity(buf_size);
@@ -889,7 +901,9 @@ impl ImageLayerWriterInner {
         // set inner.file here. The first read will have to re-open it.
 
         // fsync the file
-        file.sync_all().await?;
+        file.sync_all()
+            .await
+            .maybe_fatal_err("image_layer sync_all")?;
 
         trace!("created image layer {}", self.path);
 

pageserver/src/tenant/storage_layer/layer.rs

@@ -442,11 +442,13 @@ impl Layer {
             // Visibility was modified to Visible: maybe log about this
             match ctx.task_kind() {
                 TaskKind::CalculateSyntheticSize
+                | TaskKind::OndemandLogicalSizeCalculation
                 | TaskKind::GarbageCollector
                 | TaskKind::MgmtRequest => {
                     // This situation is expected in code paths do binary searches of the LSN space to resolve
                     // an LSN to a timestamp, which happens during GC, during GC cutoff calculations in synthetic size,
-                    // and on-demand for certain HTTP API requests.
+                    // and on-demand for certain HTTP API requests. On-demand logical size calculation is also included
+                    // because it is run as a sub-task of synthetic size.
                 }
                 _ => {
                     // In all other contexts, it is unusual to do I/O involving layers which are not visible at
@@ -456,8 +458,8 @@ impl Layer {
                     // This case is legal in brief time windows: for example an in-flight getpage request can hold on to a layer object
                     // which was covered by a concurrent compaction.
                     tracing::info!(
-                        "Layer {} became visible as a result of access",
-                        self.0.desc.key()
+                        layer=%self,
+                        "became visible as a result of access",
                     );
                 }
             }
@@ -686,7 +688,9 @@ impl Drop for LayerInner {
             // and we could be delaying shutdown for nothing.
         }
 
-        if let Some(timeline) = self.timeline.upgrade() {
+        let timeline = self.timeline.upgrade();
+
+        if let Some(timeline) = timeline.as_ref() {
             // Only need to decrement metrics if the timeline still exists: otherwise
             // it will have already de-registered these metrics via TimelineMetrics::shutdown
             if self.desc.is_delta() {
@@ -717,7 +721,6 @@ impl Drop for LayerInner {
         let path = std::mem::take(&mut self.path);
         let file_name = self.layer_desc().layer_name();
         let file_size = self.layer_desc().file_size;
-        let timeline = self.timeline.clone();
         let meta = self.metadata();
         let status = self.status.take();
 
@@ -727,7 +730,7 @@ impl Drop for LayerInner {
             // carry this until we are finished for [`Layer::wait_drop`] support
             let _status = status;
 
-            let Some(timeline) = timeline.upgrade() else {
+            let Some(timeline) = timeline else {
                 // no need to nag that timeline is gone: under normal situation on
                 // task_mgr::remove_tenant_from_memory the timeline is gone before we get dropped.
                 LAYER_IMPL_METRICS.inc_deletes_failed(DeleteFailed::TimelineGone);

pageserver/src/tenant/tasks.rs

@@ -330,7 +330,6 @@ async fn gc_loop(tenant: Arc<Tenant>, cancel: CancellationToken) {
             RequestContext::todo_child(TaskKind::GarbageCollector, DownloadBehavior::Download);
 
         let mut first = true;
-        tenant.gc_block.set_lsn_lease_deadline(tenant.get_lsn_lease_length());
         loop {
             tokio::select! {
                 _ = cancel.cancelled() => {

pageserver/src/tenant/timeline.rs

@@ -48,7 +48,6 @@ use utils::{
     sync::gate::{Gate, GateGuard},
 };
 
-use std::pin::pin;
 use std::sync::atomic::Ordering as AtomicOrdering;
 use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex, RwLock, Weak};
 use std::time::{Duration, Instant, SystemTime};
@@ -62,14 +61,17 @@ use std::{
     collections::btree_map::Entry,
     ops::{Deref, Range},
 };
+use std::{pin::pin, sync::OnceLock};
 
 use crate::{
     aux_file::AuxFileSizeEstimator,
     tenant::{
+        config::AttachmentMode,
         layer_map::{LayerMap, SearchResult},
         metadata::TimelineMetadata,
         storage_layer::{inmemory_layer::IndexEntry, PersistentLayerDesc},
     },
+    walingest::WalLagCooldown,
     walredo,
 };
 use crate::{
@@ -112,7 +114,7 @@ use pageserver_api::reltag::RelTag;
 use pageserver_api::shard::ShardIndex;
 
 use postgres_connection::PgConnectionConfig;
-use postgres_ffi::to_pg_timestamp;
+use postgres_ffi::{to_pg_timestamp, v14::xlog_utils, WAL_SEGMENT_SIZE};
 use utils::{
     completion,
     generation::Generation,
@@ -428,6 +430,8 @@ pub struct Timeline {
     pub(crate) l0_flush_global_state: L0FlushGlobalState,
 
     pub(crate) handles: handle::PerTimelineState<crate::page_service::TenantManagerTypes>,
+
+    pub(crate) attach_wal_lag_cooldown: Arc<OnceLock<WalLagCooldown>>,
 }
 
 pub struct WalReceiverInfo {
@@ -736,6 +740,7 @@ pub enum GetLogicalSizePriority {
 pub(crate) enum CompactFlags {
     ForceRepartition,
     ForceImageLayerCreation,
+    ForceL0Compaction,
     EnhancedGcBottomMostCompaction,
     DryRun,
 }
@@ -1324,27 +1329,53 @@ impl Timeline {
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    /// Obtains a temporary lease blocking garbage collection for the given LSN.
-    ///
-    /// This function will error if the requesting LSN is less than the `latest_gc_cutoff_lsn` and there is also
-    /// no existing lease to renew. If there is an existing lease in the map, the lease will be renewed only if
-    /// the request extends the lease. The returned lease is therefore the maximum between the existing lease and
-    /// the requesting lease.
-    pub(crate) fn make_lsn_lease(
+    /// Initializes an LSN lease. The function will return an error if the requested LSN is less than the `latest_gc_cutoff_lsn`.
+    pub(crate) fn init_lsn_lease(
         &self,
         lsn: Lsn,
         length: Duration,
+        ctx: &RequestContext,
+    ) -> anyhow::Result<LsnLease> {
+        self.make_lsn_lease(lsn, length, true, ctx)
+    }
+
+    /// Renews a lease at a particular LSN. The requested LSN is not validated against the `latest_gc_cutoff_lsn` when we are in the grace period.
+    pub(crate) fn renew_lsn_lease(
+        &self,
+        lsn: Lsn,
+        length: Duration,
+        ctx: &RequestContext,
+    ) -> anyhow::Result<LsnLease> {
+        self.make_lsn_lease(lsn, length, false, ctx)
+    }
+
+    /// Obtains a temporary lease blocking garbage collection for the given LSN.
+    ///
+    /// If we are in `AttachedSingle` mode and is not blocked by the lsn lease deadline, this function will error
+    /// if the requesting LSN is less than the `latest_gc_cutoff_lsn` and there is no existing request present.
+    ///
+    /// If there is an existing lease in the map, the lease will be renewed only if the request extends the lease.
+    /// The returned lease is therefore the maximum between the existing lease and the requesting lease.
+    fn make_lsn_lease(
+        &self,
+        lsn: Lsn,
+        length: Duration,
+        init: bool,
         _ctx: &RequestContext,
     ) -> anyhow::Result<LsnLease> {
         let lease = {
+            // Normalize the requested LSN to be aligned, and move to the first record
+            // if it points to the beginning of the page (header).
+            let lsn = xlog_utils::normalize_lsn(lsn, WAL_SEGMENT_SIZE);
+
             let mut gc_info = self.gc_info.write().unwrap();
 
             let valid_until = SystemTime::now() + length;
 
             let entry = gc_info.leases.entry(lsn);
 
-            let lease = {
-                if let Entry::Occupied(mut occupied) = entry {
+            match entry {
+                Entry::Occupied(mut occupied) => {
                     let existing_lease = occupied.get_mut();
                     if valid_until > existing_lease.valid_until {
                         existing_lease.valid_until = valid_until;
@@ -1356,20 +1387,28 @@ impl Timeline {
                     }
 
                     existing_lease.clone()
-                } else {
-                    // Reject already GC-ed LSN (lsn < latest_gc_cutoff)
-                    let latest_gc_cutoff_lsn = self.get_latest_gc_cutoff_lsn();
-                    if lsn < *latest_gc_cutoff_lsn {
-                        bail!("tried to request a page version that was garbage collected. requested at {} gc cutoff {}", lsn, *latest_gc_cutoff_lsn);
+                }
+                Entry::Vacant(vacant) => {
+                    // Reject already GC-ed LSN (lsn < latest_gc_cutoff) if we are in AttachedSingle and
+                    // not blocked by the lsn lease deadline.
+                    let validate = {
+                        let conf = self.tenant_conf.load();
+                        conf.location.attach_mode == AttachmentMode::Single
+                            && !conf.is_gc_blocked_by_lsn_lease_deadline()
+                    };
+
+                    if init || validate {
+                        let latest_gc_cutoff_lsn = self.get_latest_gc_cutoff_lsn();
+                        if lsn < *latest_gc_cutoff_lsn {
+                            bail!("tried to request a page version that was garbage collected. requested at {} gc cutoff {}", lsn, *latest_gc_cutoff_lsn);
+                        }
                     }
 
                     let dt: DateTime<Utc> = valid_until.into();
                     info!("lease created, valid until {}", dt);
-                    entry.or_insert(LsnLease { valid_until }).clone()
+                    vacant.insert(LsnLease { valid_until }).clone()
                 }
-            };
-
-            lease
+            }
         };
 
         Ok(lease)
@@ -1946,8 +1985,6 @@ impl Timeline {
             .unwrap_or(self.conf.default_tenant_conf.lsn_lease_length)
     }
 
-    // TODO(yuchen): remove unused flag after implementing https://github.com/neondatabase/neon/issues/8072
-    #[allow(unused)]
     pub(crate) fn get_lsn_lease_length_for_ts(&self) -> Duration {
         let tenant_conf = self.tenant_conf.load();
         tenant_conf
@@ -2097,6 +2134,7 @@ impl Timeline {
         pg_version: u32,
         state: TimelineState,
         aux_file_policy: Option<AuxFilePolicy>,
+        attach_wal_lag_cooldown: Arc<OnceLock<WalLagCooldown>>,
         cancel: CancellationToken,
     ) -> Arc<Self> {
         let disk_consistent_lsn = metadata.disk_consistent_lsn();
@@ -2238,6 +2276,8 @@ impl Timeline {
                 l0_flush_global_state: resources.l0_flush_global_state,
 
                 handles: Default::default(),
+
+                attach_wal_lag_cooldown,
             };
 
             if aux_file_policy == Some(AuxFilePolicy::V1) {
@@ -3597,7 +3637,7 @@ impl Timeline {
                     ctx,
                 )
                 .await
-                .map_err(|e| FlushLayerError::from_anyhow(self, e))?;
+                .map_err(|e| FlushLayerError::from_anyhow(self, e.into()))?;
 
             if self.cancel.is_cancelled() {
                 return Err(FlushLayerError::Cancelled);
@@ -3836,16 +3876,20 @@ impl Timeline {
         partition_size: u64,
         flags: EnumSet<CompactFlags>,
         ctx: &RequestContext,
-    ) -> anyhow::Result<((KeyPartitioning, SparseKeyPartitioning), Lsn)> {
+    ) -> Result<((KeyPartitioning, SparseKeyPartitioning), Lsn), CompactionError> {
         let Ok(mut partitioning_guard) = self.partitioning.try_lock() else {
             // NB: there are two callers, one is the compaction task, of which there is only one per struct Tenant and hence Timeline.
             // The other is the initdb optimization in flush_frozen_layer, used by `boostrap_timeline`, which runs before `.activate()`
             // and hence before the compaction task starts.
-            anyhow::bail!("repartition() called concurrently, this should not happen");
+            return Err(CompactionError::Other(anyhow!(
+                "repartition() called concurrently, this should not happen"
+            )));
         };
         let ((dense_partition, sparse_partition), partition_lsn) = &*partitioning_guard;
         if lsn < *partition_lsn {
-            anyhow::bail!("repartition() called with LSN going backwards, this should not happen");
+            return Err(CompactionError::Other(anyhow!(
+                "repartition() called with LSN going backwards, this should not happen"
+            )));
         }
 
         let distance = lsn.0 - partition_lsn.0;
@@ -4447,6 +4491,12 @@ pub(crate) enum CompactionError {
     Other(anyhow::Error),
 }
 
+impl CompactionError {
+    pub fn is_cancelled(&self) -> bool {
+        matches!(self, CompactionError::ShuttingDown)
+    }
+}
+
 impl From<CollectKeySpaceError> for CompactionError {
     fn from(err: CollectKeySpaceError) -> Self {
         match err {

pageserver/src/tenant/timeline/analysis.rs

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ pub(crate) struct RangeAnalysis {
     has_image: bool,
     num_of_deltas_above_image: usize,
     total_num_of_deltas: usize,
+    num_of_l0: usize,
 }
 
 impl Timeline {
@@ -20,8 +21,10 @@ impl Timeline {
         let mut delta_ranges = Vec::new();
         let mut image_ranges = Vec::new();
 
+        let num_of_l0;
         let all_layer_files = {
             let guard = self.layers.read().await;
+            num_of_l0 = guard.layer_map().unwrap().level0_deltas().len();
             guard.all_persistent_layers()
         };
         let lsn = self.get_last_record_lsn();
@@ -82,6 +85,7 @@ impl Timeline {
                 has_image: image_layer.is_some(),
                 num_of_deltas_above_image: maybe_delta_layers.len(),
                 total_num_of_deltas: pitr_delta_layers.len(),
+                num_of_l0,
             });
         }
 

pageserver/src/tenant/timeline/compaction.rs

@@ -353,7 +353,13 @@ impl Timeline {
 
                 // 2. Compact
                 let timer = self.metrics.compact_time_histo.start_timer();
-                let fully_compacted = self.compact_level0(target_file_size, ctx).await?;
+                let fully_compacted = self
+                    .compact_level0(
+                        target_file_size,
+                        flags.contains(CompactFlags::ForceL0Compaction),
+                        ctx,
+                    )
+                    .await?;
                 timer.stop_and_record();
 
                 let mut partitioning = dense_partitioning;
@@ -390,7 +396,7 @@ impl Timeline {
                 // error but continue.
                 //
                 // Suppress error when it's due to cancellation
-                if !self.cancel.is_cancelled() {
+                if !self.cancel.is_cancelled() && !err.is_cancelled() {
                     tracing::error!("could not compact, repartitioning keyspace failed: {err:?}");
                 }
                 (1, false)
@@ -658,6 +664,7 @@ impl Timeline {
     async fn compact_level0(
         self: &Arc<Self>,
         target_file_size: u64,
+        force_compaction_ignore_threshold: bool,
         ctx: &RequestContext,
     ) -> Result<bool, CompactionError> {
         let CompactLevel0Phase1Result {
@@ -679,9 +686,15 @@ impl Timeline {
             let now = tokio::time::Instant::now();
             stats.read_lock_acquisition_micros =
                 DurationRecorder::Recorded(RecordedDuration(now - begin), now);
-            self.compact_level0_phase1(phase1_layers_locked, stats, target_file_size, &ctx)
-                .instrument(phase1_span)
-                .await?
+            self.compact_level0_phase1(
+                phase1_layers_locked,
+                stats,
+                target_file_size,
+                force_compaction_ignore_threshold,
+                &ctx,
+            )
+            .instrument(phase1_span)
+            .await?
         };
 
         if new_layers.is_empty() && deltas_to_compact.is_empty() {
@@ -700,6 +713,7 @@ impl Timeline {
         guard: tokio::sync::RwLockReadGuard<'a, LayerManager>,
         mut stats: CompactLevel0Phase1StatsBuilder,
         target_file_size: u64,
+        force_compaction_ignore_threshold: bool,
         ctx: &RequestContext,
     ) -> Result<CompactLevel0Phase1Result, CompactionError> {
         stats.read_lock_held_spawn_blocking_startup_micros =
@@ -711,11 +725,26 @@ impl Timeline {
         // Only compact if enough layers have accumulated.
         let threshold = self.get_compaction_threshold();
         if level0_deltas.is_empty() || level0_deltas.len() < threshold {
-            debug!(
-                level0_deltas = level0_deltas.len(),
-                threshold, "too few deltas to compact"
-            );
-            return Ok(CompactLevel0Phase1Result::default());
+            if force_compaction_ignore_threshold {
+                if !level0_deltas.is_empty() {
+                    info!(
+                        level0_deltas = level0_deltas.len(),
+                        threshold, "too few deltas to compact, but forcing compaction"
+                    );
+                } else {
+                    info!(
+                        level0_deltas = level0_deltas.len(),
+                        threshold, "too few deltas to compact, cannot force compaction"
+                    );
+                    return Ok(CompactLevel0Phase1Result::default());
+                }
+            } else {
+                debug!(
+                    level0_deltas = level0_deltas.len(),
+                    threshold, "too few deltas to compact"
+                );
+                return Ok(CompactLevel0Phase1Result::default());
+            }
         }
 
         let mut level0_deltas = level0_deltas

pageserver/src/tenant/vectored_blob_io.rs

@@ -185,171 +185,7 @@ pub(crate) enum VectoredReadExtended {
     No,
 }
 
-#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub enum VectoredReadCoalesceMode {
-    /// Only coalesce exactly adjacent reads.
-    AdjacentOnly,
-    /// In addition to adjacent reads, also consider reads whose corresponding
-    /// `end` and `start` offsets reside at the same chunk.
-    Chunked(usize),
-}
-
-impl VectoredReadCoalesceMode {
-    /// [`AdjacentVectoredReadBuilder`] is used if alignment requirement is 0,
-    /// whereas [`ChunkedVectoredReadBuilder`] is used for alignment requirement 1 and higher.
-    pub(crate) fn get() -> Self {
-        let align = virtual_file::get_io_buffer_alignment_raw();
-        if align == 0 {
-            VectoredReadCoalesceMode::AdjacentOnly
-        } else {
-            VectoredReadCoalesceMode::Chunked(align)
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-pub(crate) enum VectoredReadBuilder {
-    Adjacent(AdjacentVectoredReadBuilder),
-    Chunked(ChunkedVectoredReadBuilder),
-}
-
-impl VectoredReadBuilder {
-    fn new_impl(
-        start_offset: u64,
-        end_offset: u64,
-        meta: BlobMeta,
-        max_read_size: Option<usize>,
-        mode: VectoredReadCoalesceMode,
-    ) -> Self {
-        match mode {
-            VectoredReadCoalesceMode::AdjacentOnly => Self::Adjacent(
-                AdjacentVectoredReadBuilder::new(start_offset, end_offset, meta, max_read_size),
-            ),
-            VectoredReadCoalesceMode::Chunked(chunk_size) => {
-                Self::Chunked(ChunkedVectoredReadBuilder::new(
-                    start_offset,
-                    end_offset,
-                    meta,
-                    max_read_size,
-                    chunk_size,
-                ))
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub(crate) fn new(
-        start_offset: u64,
-        end_offset: u64,
-        meta: BlobMeta,
-        max_read_size: usize,
-        mode: VectoredReadCoalesceMode,
-    ) -> Self {
-        Self::new_impl(start_offset, end_offset, meta, Some(max_read_size), mode)
-    }
-
-    pub(crate) fn new_streaming(
-        start_offset: u64,
-        end_offset: u64,
-        meta: BlobMeta,
-        mode: VectoredReadCoalesceMode,
-    ) -> Self {
-        Self::new_impl(start_offset, end_offset, meta, None, mode)
-    }
-
-    pub(crate) fn extend(&mut self, start: u64, end: u64, meta: BlobMeta) -> VectoredReadExtended {
-        match self {
-            VectoredReadBuilder::Adjacent(builder) => builder.extend(start, end, meta),
-            VectoredReadBuilder::Chunked(builder) => builder.extend(start, end, meta),
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub(crate) fn build(self) -> VectoredRead {
-        match self {
-            VectoredReadBuilder::Adjacent(builder) => builder.build(),
-            VectoredReadBuilder::Chunked(builder) => builder.build(),
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub(crate) fn size(&self) -> usize {
-        match self {
-            VectoredReadBuilder::Adjacent(builder) => builder.size(),
-            VectoredReadBuilder::Chunked(builder) => builder.size(),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-pub(crate) struct AdjacentVectoredReadBuilder {
-    /// Start offset of the read.
-    start: u64,
-    // End offset of the read.
-    end: u64,
-    /// Start offset and metadata for each blob in this read
-    blobs_at: VecMap<u64, BlobMeta>,
-    max_read_size: Option<usize>,
-}
-
-impl AdjacentVectoredReadBuilder {
-    /// Start building a new vectored read.
-    ///
-    /// Note that by design, this does not check against reading more than `max_read_size` to
-    /// support reading larger blobs than the configuration value. The builder will be single use
-    /// however after that.
-    pub(crate) fn new(
-        start_offset: u64,
-        end_offset: u64,
-        meta: BlobMeta,
-        max_read_size: Option<usize>,
-    ) -> Self {
-        let mut blobs_at = VecMap::default();
-        blobs_at
-            .append(start_offset, meta)
-            .expect("First insertion always succeeds");
-
-        Self {
-            start: start_offset,
-            end: end_offset,
-            blobs_at,
-            max_read_size,
-        }
-    }
-    /// Attempt to extend the current read with a new blob if the start
-    /// offset matches with the current end of the vectored read
-    /// and the resuting size is below the max read size
-    pub(crate) fn extend(&mut self, start: u64, end: u64, meta: BlobMeta) -> VectoredReadExtended {
-        tracing::trace!(start, end, "trying to extend");
-        let size = (end - start) as usize;
-        let not_limited_by_max_read_size = {
-            if let Some(max_read_size) = self.max_read_size {
-                self.size() + size <= max_read_size
-            } else {
-                true
-            }
-        };
-
-        if self.end == start && not_limited_by_max_read_size {
-            self.end = end;
-            self.blobs_at
-                .append(start, meta)
-                .expect("LSNs are ordered within vectored reads");
-
-            return VectoredReadExtended::Yes;
-        }
-
-        VectoredReadExtended::No
-    }
-
-    pub(crate) fn size(&self) -> usize {
-        (self.end - self.start) as usize
-    }
-
-    pub(crate) fn build(self) -> VectoredRead {
-        VectoredRead {
-            start: self.start,
-            end: self.end,
-            blobs_at: self.blobs_at,
-        }
-    }
-}
-
+/// A vectored read builder that tries to coalesce all reads that fits in a chunk.
 pub(crate) struct ChunkedVectoredReadBuilder {
     /// Start block number
     start_blk_no: usize,
@@ -373,7 +209,7 @@ impl ChunkedVectoredReadBuilder {
     /// Note that by design, this does not check against reading more than `max_read_size` to
     /// support reading larger blobs than the configuration value. The builder will be single use
     /// however after that.
-    pub(crate) fn new(
+    fn new_impl(
         start_offset: u64,
         end_offset: u64,
         meta: BlobMeta,
@@ -396,6 +232,25 @@ impl ChunkedVectoredReadBuilder {
         }
     }
 
+    pub(crate) fn new(
+        start_offset: u64,
+        end_offset: u64,
+        meta: BlobMeta,
+        max_read_size: usize,
+        align: usize,
+    ) -> Self {
+        Self::new_impl(start_offset, end_offset, meta, Some(max_read_size), align)
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn new_streaming(
+        start_offset: u64,
+        end_offset: u64,
+        meta: BlobMeta,
+        align: usize,
+    ) -> Self {
+        Self::new_impl(start_offset, end_offset, meta, None, align)
+    }
+
     /// Attempts to extend the current read with a new blob if the new blob resides in the same or the immediate next chunk.
     ///
     /// The resulting size also must be below the max read size.
@@ -474,17 +329,17 @@ pub struct VectoredReadPlanner {
 
     max_read_size: usize,
 
-    mode: VectoredReadCoalesceMode,
+    align: usize,
 }
 
 impl VectoredReadPlanner {
     pub fn new(max_read_size: usize) -> Self {
-        let mode = VectoredReadCoalesceMode::get();
+        let align = virtual_file::get_io_buffer_alignment();
         Self {
             blobs: BTreeMap::new(),
             prev: None,
             max_read_size,
-            mode,
+            align,
         }
     }
 
@@ -545,7 +400,7 @@ impl VectoredReadPlanner {
     }
 
     pub fn finish(self) -> Vec<VectoredRead> {
-        let mut current_read_builder: Option<VectoredReadBuilder> = None;
+        let mut current_read_builder: Option<ChunkedVectoredReadBuilder> = None;
         let mut reads = Vec::new();
 
         for (key, blobs_for_key) in self.blobs {
@@ -558,12 +413,12 @@ impl VectoredReadPlanner {
                 };
 
                 if extended == VectoredReadExtended::No {
-                    let next_read_builder = VectoredReadBuilder::new(
+                    let next_read_builder = ChunkedVectoredReadBuilder::new(
                         start_offset,
                         end_offset,
                         BlobMeta { key, lsn },
                         self.max_read_size,
-                        self.mode,
+                        self.align,
                     );
 
                     let prev_read_builder = current_read_builder.replace(next_read_builder);
@@ -688,7 +543,7 @@ impl<'a> VectoredBlobReader<'a> {
 /// `handle` gets called and when the current key would just exceed the read_size and
 /// max_cnt constraints.
 pub struct StreamingVectoredReadPlanner {
-    read_builder: Option<VectoredReadBuilder>,
+    read_builder: Option<ChunkedVectoredReadBuilder>,
     // Arguments for previous blob passed into [`StreamingVectoredReadPlanner::handle`]
     prev: Option<(Key, Lsn, u64)>,
     /// Max read size per batch. This is not a strict limit. If there are [0, 100) and [100, 200), while the `max_read_size` is 150,
@@ -699,21 +554,21 @@ pub struct StreamingVectoredReadPlanner {
     /// Size of the current batch
     cnt: usize,
 
-    mode: VectoredReadCoalesceMode,
+    align: usize,
 }
 
 impl StreamingVectoredReadPlanner {
     pub fn new(max_read_size: u64, max_cnt: usize) -> Self {
         assert!(max_cnt > 0);
         assert!(max_read_size > 0);
-        let mode = VectoredReadCoalesceMode::get();
+        let align = virtual_file::get_io_buffer_alignment();
         Self {
             read_builder: None,
             prev: None,
             max_cnt,
             max_read_size,
             cnt: 0,
-            mode,
+            align,
         }
     }
 
@@ -762,11 +617,11 @@ impl StreamingVectoredReadPlanner {
             }
             None => {
                 self.read_builder = {
-                    Some(VectoredReadBuilder::new_streaming(
+                    Some(ChunkedVectoredReadBuilder::new_streaming(
                         start_offset,
                         end_offset,
                         BlobMeta { key, lsn },
-                        self.mode,
+                        self.align,
                     ))
                 };
             }
@@ -1092,7 +947,7 @@ mod tests {
         let reserved_bytes = blobs.iter().map(|bl| bl.len()).max().unwrap() * 2 + 16;
         let mut buf = BytesMut::with_capacity(reserved_bytes);
 
-        let mode = VectoredReadCoalesceMode::get();
+        let align = virtual_file::get_io_buffer_alignment();
         let vectored_blob_reader = VectoredBlobReader::new(&file);
         let meta = BlobMeta {
             key: Key::MIN,
@@ -1104,7 +959,8 @@ mod tests {
             if idx + 1 == offsets.len() {
                 continue;
             }
-            let read_builder = VectoredReadBuilder::new(*offset, *end, meta, 16 * 4096, mode);
+            let read_builder =
+                ChunkedVectoredReadBuilder::new(*offset, *end, meta, 16 * 4096, align);
             let read = read_builder.build();
             let result = vectored_blob_reader.read_blobs(&read, buf, &ctx).await?;
             assert_eq!(result.blobs.len(), 1);

pageserver/src/virtual_file.rs

@@ -466,6 +466,7 @@ impl VirtualFile {
                 &[]
             };
             utils::crashsafe::overwrite(&final_path, &tmp_path, content)
+                .maybe_fatal_err("crashsafe_overwrite")
         })
         .await
         .expect("blocking task is never aborted")
@@ -475,7 +476,7 @@ impl VirtualFile {
     pub async fn sync_all(&self) -> Result<(), Error> {
         with_file!(self, StorageIoOperation::Fsync, |file_guard| {
             let (_file_guard, res) = io_engine::get().sync_all(file_guard).await;
-            res
+            res.maybe_fatal_err("sync_all")
         })
     }
 
@@ -483,7 +484,7 @@ impl VirtualFile {
     pub async fn sync_data(&self) -> Result<(), Error> {
         with_file!(self, StorageIoOperation::Fsync, |file_guard| {
             let (_file_guard, res) = io_engine::get().sync_data(file_guard).await;
-            res
+            res.maybe_fatal_err("sync_data")
         })
     }
 
@@ -1147,7 +1148,9 @@ pub fn init(num_slots: usize, engine: IoEngineKind, io_buffer_alignment: usize)
         panic!("virtual_file::init called twice");
     }
     if set_io_buffer_alignment(io_buffer_alignment).is_err() {
-        panic!("IO buffer alignment ({io_buffer_alignment}) is not a power of two");
+        panic!(
+            "IO buffer alignment needs to be a power of two and greater than 512, got {io_buffer_alignment}"
+        );
     }
     io_engine::init(engine);
     crate::metrics::virtual_file_descriptor_cache::SIZE_MAX.set(num_slots as u64);
@@ -1174,14 +1177,16 @@ fn get_open_files() -> &'static OpenFiles {
 
 static IO_BUFFER_ALIGNMENT: AtomicUsize = AtomicUsize::new(DEFAULT_IO_BUFFER_ALIGNMENT);
 
-/// Returns true if `x` is zero or a power of two.
-fn is_zero_or_power_of_two(x: usize) -> bool {
-    (x == 0) || ((x & (x - 1)) == 0)
+/// Returns true if the alignment is a power of two and is greater or equal to 512.
+fn is_valid_io_buffer_alignment(align: usize) -> bool {
+    align.is_power_of_two() && align >= 512
 }
 
+/// Sets IO buffer alignment requirement. Returns error if the alignment requirement is
+/// not a power of two or less than 512 bytes.
 #[allow(unused)]
 pub(crate) fn set_io_buffer_alignment(align: usize) -> Result<(), usize> {
-    if is_zero_or_power_of_two(align) {
+    if is_valid_io_buffer_alignment(align) {
         IO_BUFFER_ALIGNMENT.store(align, std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Relaxed);
         Ok(())
     } else {
@@ -1189,19 +1194,19 @@ pub(crate) fn set_io_buffer_alignment(align: usize) -> Result<(), usize> {
     }
 }
 
-/// Gets the io buffer alignment requirement. Returns 0 if there is no requirement specified.
+/// Gets the io buffer alignment.
 ///
-/// This function should be used to check the raw config value.
-pub(crate) fn get_io_buffer_alignment_raw() -> usize {
+/// This function should be used for getting the actual alignment value to use.
+pub(crate) fn get_io_buffer_alignment() -> usize {
     let align = IO_BUFFER_ALIGNMENT.load(std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Relaxed);
 
     if cfg!(test) {
         let env_var_name = "NEON_PAGESERVER_UNIT_TEST_IO_BUFFER_ALIGNMENT";
         if let Some(test_align) = utils::env::var(env_var_name) {
-            if is_zero_or_power_of_two(test_align) {
+            if is_valid_io_buffer_alignment(test_align) {
                 test_align
             } else {
-                panic!("IO buffer alignment ({test_align}) is not a power of two");
+                panic!("IO buffer alignment needs to be a power of two and greater than 512, got {test_align}");
             }
         } else {
             align
@@ -1211,14 +1216,6 @@ pub(crate) fn get_io_buffer_alignment_raw() -> usize {
     }
 }
 
-/// Gets the io buffer alignment requirement. Returns 1 if the alignment config is set to zero.
-///
-/// This function should be used for getting the actual alignment value to use.
-pub(crate) fn get_io_buffer_alignment() -> usize {
-    let align = get_io_buffer_alignment_raw();
-    align.max(1)
-}
-
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use crate::context::DownloadBehavior;

pageserver/src/walingest.rs

@@ -21,7 +21,10 @@
 //! redo Postgres process, but some records it can handle directly with
 //! bespoken Rust code.
 
+use std::sync::Arc;
+use std::sync::OnceLock;
 use std::time::Duration;
+use std::time::Instant;
 use std::time::SystemTime;
 
 use pageserver_api::shard::ShardIdentity;
@@ -69,7 +72,29 @@ impl CheckPoint {
     }
 }
 
+/// Temporary limitation of WAL lag warnings after attach
+///
+/// After tenant attach, we want to limit WAL lag warnings because
+/// we don't look at the WAL until the attach is complete, which
+/// might take a while.
+pub struct WalLagCooldown {
+    /// Until when should this limitation apply at all
+    active_until: std::time::Instant,
+    /// The maximum lag to suppress. Lags above this limit get reported anyways.
+    max_lag: Duration,
+}
+
+impl WalLagCooldown {
+    pub fn new(attach_start: Instant, attach_duration: Duration) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            active_until: attach_start + attach_duration * 3 + Duration::from_secs(120),
+            max_lag: attach_duration * 2 + Duration::from_secs(60),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 pub struct WalIngest {
+    attach_wal_lag_cooldown: Arc<OnceLock<WalLagCooldown>>,
     shard: ShardIdentity,
     checkpoint: CheckPoint,
     checkpoint_modified: bool,
@@ -103,6 +128,7 @@ impl WalIngest {
             shard: *timeline.get_shard_identity(),
             checkpoint,
             checkpoint_modified: false,
+            attach_wal_lag_cooldown: timeline.attach_wal_lag_cooldown.clone(),
             warn_ingest_lag: WarnIngestLag {
                 lag_msg_ratelimit: RateLimit::new(std::time::Duration::from_secs(10)),
                 future_lsn_msg_ratelimit: RateLimit::new(std::time::Duration::from_secs(10)),
@@ -1429,6 +1455,13 @@ impl WalIngest {
                     Ok(lag) => {
                         if lag > conf.wait_lsn_timeout {
                             rate_limits.lag_msg_ratelimit.call2(|rate_limit_stats| {
+                                if let Some(cooldown) = self.attach_wal_lag_cooldown.get() {
+                                    if std::time::Instant::now() < cooldown.active_until && lag <= cooldown.max_lag {
+                                        return;
+                                    }
+                                } else {
+                                    // Still loading? We shouldn't be here
+                                }
                                 let lag = humantime::format_duration(lag);
                                 warn!(%rate_limit_stats, %lag, "ingesting record with timestamp lagging more than wait_lsn_timeout");
                             })

pgxn/neon/Makefile

@@ -25,7 +25,18 @@ SHLIB_LINK_INTERNAL = $(libpq)
 SHLIB_LINK = -lcurl
 
 EXTENSION = neon
-DATA = neon--1.0.sql neon--1.0--1.1.sql neon--1.1--1.2.sql neon--1.2--1.3.sql neon--1.3--1.2.sql neon--1.2--1.1.sql neon--1.1--1.0.sql  neon--1.3--1.4.sql neon--1.4--1.3.sql neon--1.4--1.5.sql neon--1.5--1.4.sql
+DATA = \
+	neon--1.0.sql \
+	neon--1.0--1.1.sql \
+	neon--1.1--1.2.sql \
+	neon--1.2--1.3.sql \
+	neon--1.3--1.4.sql \
+	neon--1.4--1.5.sql \
+	neon--1.5--1.4.sql \
+	neon--1.4--1.3.sql \
+	neon--1.3--1.2.sql \
+	neon--1.2--1.1.sql \
+	neon--1.1--1.0.sql
 PGFILEDESC = "neon - cloud storage for PostgreSQL"
 
 EXTRA_CLEAN = \

pgxn/neon/file_cache.c

@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@
 
 #include "hll.h"
 #include "bitmap.h"
+#include "neon.h"
 
 #define CriticalAssert(cond) do if (!(cond)) elog(PANIC, "Assertion %s failed at %s:%d: ", #cond, __FILE__, __LINE__); while (0)
 
@@ -173,7 +174,9 @@ lfc_disable(char const *op)
 			 * If the reason of error is ENOSPC, then truncation of file may
 			 * help to reclaim some space
 			 */
+			pgstat_report_wait_start(WAIT_EVENT_NEON_LFC_TRUNCATE);
 			int			rc = ftruncate(lfc_desc, 0);
+			pgstat_report_wait_end();
 
 			if (rc < 0)
 				elog(WARNING, "Failed to truncate local file cache %s: %m", lfc_path);
@@ -769,8 +772,10 @@ lfc_readv_select(NRelFileInfo rinfo, ForkNumber forkNum, BlockNumber blkno,
 
 		if (iteration_hits != 0)
 		{
+			pgstat_report_wait_start(WAIT_EVENT_NEON_LFC_READ);
 			rc = preadv(lfc_desc, iov, blocks_in_chunk,
 						((off_t) entry_offset * BLOCKS_PER_CHUNK + chunk_offs) * BLCKSZ);
+			pgstat_report_wait_end();
 
 			if (rc != (BLCKSZ * blocks_in_chunk))
 			{
@@ -944,8 +949,11 @@ lfc_writev(NRelFileInfo rinfo, ForkNumber forkNum, BlockNumber blkno,
 		lfc_ctl->writes += blocks_in_chunk;
 		LWLockRelease(lfc_lock);
 
+		pgstat_report_wait_start(WAIT_EVENT_NEON_LFC_WRITE);
 		rc = pwritev(lfc_desc, iov, blocks_in_chunk,
 					 ((off_t) entry_offset * BLOCKS_PER_CHUNK + chunk_offs) * BLCKSZ);
+		pgstat_report_wait_end();
+
 		if (rc != BLCKSZ * blocks_in_chunk)
 		{
 			lfc_disable("write");

pgxn/neon/libpagestore.c

@@ -490,7 +490,7 @@ pageserver_connect(shardno_t shard_no, int elevel)
 											   WL_EXIT_ON_PM_DEATH | WL_LATCH_SET | WL_SOCKET_READABLE,
 											   PQsocket(shard->conn),
 											   0,
-											   PG_WAIT_EXTENSION);
+											   WAIT_EVENT_NEON_PS_STARTING);
 					elog(DEBUG5, "PGRES_POLLING_READING=>%d", rc);
 					if (rc & WL_LATCH_SET)
 					{
@@ -512,7 +512,7 @@ pageserver_connect(shardno_t shard_no, int elevel)
 											   WL_EXIT_ON_PM_DEATH | WL_LATCH_SET | WL_SOCKET_WRITEABLE,
 											   PQsocket(shard->conn),
 											   0,
-											   PG_WAIT_EXTENSION);
+											   WAIT_EVENT_NEON_PS_STARTING);
 					elog(DEBUG5, "PGRES_POLLING_WRITING=>%d", rc);
 					if (rc & WL_LATCH_SET)
 					{
@@ -608,7 +608,8 @@ pageserver_connect(shardno_t shard_no, int elevel)
 			WaitEvent	event;
 
 			/* Sleep until there's something to do */
-			(void) WaitEventSetWait(shard->wes_read, -1L, &event, 1, PG_WAIT_EXTENSION);
+			(void) WaitEventSetWait(shard->wes_read, -1L, &event, 1,
+									WAIT_EVENT_NEON_PS_CONFIGURING);
 			ResetLatch(MyLatch);
 
 			CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
@@ -656,7 +657,8 @@ static int
 call_PQgetCopyData(shardno_t shard_no, char **buffer)
 {
 	int			ret;
-	PGconn	   *pageserver_conn = page_servers[shard_no].conn;
+	PageServer *shard = &page_servers[shard_no];
+	PGconn	   *pageserver_conn = shard->conn;
 
 retry:
 	ret = PQgetCopyData(pageserver_conn, buffer, 1 /* async */ );
@@ -666,7 +668,8 @@ retry:
 		WaitEvent	event;
 
 		/* Sleep until there's something to do */
-		(void) WaitEventSetWait(page_servers[shard_no].wes_read, -1L, &event, 1, PG_WAIT_EXTENSION);
+		(void) WaitEventSetWait(shard->wes_read, -1L, &event, 1,
+								WAIT_EVENT_NEON_PS_READ);
 		ResetLatch(MyLatch);
 
 		CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
@@ -937,7 +940,7 @@ PagestoreShmemInit(void)
 
 	LWLockAcquire(AddinShmemInitLock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
 	pagestore_shared = ShmemInitStruct("libpagestore shared state",
-									   PagestoreShmemSize(),
+									   sizeof(PagestoreShmemState),
 									   &found);
 	if (!found)
 	{

pgxn/neon/neon.c

@@ -41,6 +41,9 @@
 #include "pagestore_client.h"
 #include "control_plane_connector.h"
 #include "walsender_hooks.h"
+#if PG_MAJORVERSION_NUM >= 16
+#include "storage/ipc.h"
+#endif
 
 PG_MODULE_MAGIC;
 void		_PG_init(void);
@@ -49,6 +52,23 @@ static int	logical_replication_max_snap_files = 300;
 
 static int  running_xacts_overflow_policy;
 
+#if PG_MAJORVERSION_NUM >= 16
+static shmem_startup_hook_type prev_shmem_startup_hook;
+
+static void neon_shmem_startup_hook(void);
+#endif
+#if PG_MAJORVERSION_NUM >= 17
+uint32		WAIT_EVENT_NEON_LFC_MAINTENANCE;
+uint32		WAIT_EVENT_NEON_LFC_READ;
+uint32		WAIT_EVENT_NEON_LFC_TRUNCATE;
+uint32		WAIT_EVENT_NEON_LFC_WRITE;
+uint32		WAIT_EVENT_NEON_PS_STARTING;
+uint32		WAIT_EVENT_NEON_PS_CONFIGURING;
+uint32		WAIT_EVENT_NEON_PS_SEND;
+uint32		WAIT_EVENT_NEON_PS_READ;
+uint32		WAIT_EVENT_NEON_WAL_DL;
+#endif
+
 enum RunningXactsOverflowPolicies {
 	OP_IGNORE,
 	OP_SKIP,
@@ -635,6 +655,9 @@ _PG_init(void)
 	 */
 #if PG_VERSION_NUM >= 160000
 	load_file("$libdir/neon_rmgr", false);
+
+	prev_shmem_startup_hook = shmem_startup_hook;
+	shmem_startup_hook = neon_shmem_startup_hook;
 #endif
 
 	pg_init_libpagestore();
@@ -721,3 +744,25 @@ backpressure_throttling_time(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
 	PG_RETURN_UINT64(BackpressureThrottlingTime());
 }
+
+#if PG_MAJORVERSION_NUM >= 16
+static void
+neon_shmem_startup_hook(void)
+{
+	/* Initialize */
+	if (prev_shmem_startup_hook)
+		prev_shmem_startup_hook();
+
+#if PG_PG_MAJORVERSION_NUM >= 17
+	WAIT_EVENT_NEON_LFC_MAINTENANCE = WaitEventExtensionNew("Neon/FileCache_Maintenance");
+	WAIT_EVENT_NEON_LFC_READ = WaitEventExtensionNew("Neon/FileCache_Read");
+	WAIT_EVENT_NEON_LFC_TRUNCATE = WaitEventExtensionNew("Neon/FileCache_Truncate");
+	WAIT_EVENT_NEON_LFC_WRITE = WaitEventExtensionNew("Neon/FileCache_Write");
+	WAIT_EVENT_NEON_PS_STARTING = WaitEventExtensionNew("Neon/PS_Starting");
+	WAIT_EVENT_NEON_PS_CONFIGURING = WaitEventExtensionNew("Neon/PS_Configuring");
+	WAIT_EVENT_NEON_PS_SEND = WaitEventExtensionNew("Neon/PS_SendIO");
+	WAIT_EVENT_NEON_PS_READ = WaitEventExtensionNew("Neon/PS_ReadIO");
+	WAIT_EVENT_NEON_WAL_DL = WaitEventExtensionNew("Neon/WAL_Download");
+#endif
+}
+#endif

pgxn/neon/neon.control

@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 # neon extension
 comment = 'cloud storage for PostgreSQL'
-# TODO: bump default version to 1.5, after we are certain that we don't
-# need to rollback the compute image
-default_version = '1.4'
+default_version = '1.5'
 module_pathname = '$libdir/neon'
 relocatable = true
 trusted = true

pgxn/neon/neon.h

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 #ifndef NEON_H
 #define NEON_H
 #include "access/xlogreader.h"
+#include "utils/wait_event.h"
 
 /* GUCs */
 extern char *neon_auth_token;
@@ -22,6 +23,28 @@ extern char *wal_acceptors_list;
 extern int	wal_acceptor_reconnect_timeout;
 extern int	wal_acceptor_connection_timeout;
 
+#if PG_MAJORVERSION_NUM >= 17
+extern uint32		WAIT_EVENT_NEON_LFC_MAINTENANCE;
+extern uint32		WAIT_EVENT_NEON_LFC_READ;
+extern uint32		WAIT_EVENT_NEON_LFC_TRUNCATE;
+extern uint32		WAIT_EVENT_NEON_LFC_WRITE;
+extern uint32		WAIT_EVENT_NEON_PS_STARTING;
+extern uint32		WAIT_EVENT_NEON_PS_CONFIGURING;
+extern uint32		WAIT_EVENT_NEON_PS_SEND;
+extern uint32		WAIT_EVENT_NEON_PS_READ;
+extern uint32		WAIT_EVENT_NEON_WAL_DL;
+#else
+#define WAIT_EVENT_NEON_LFC_MAINTENANCE	PG_WAIT_EXTENSION
+#define WAIT_EVENT_NEON_LFC_READ		WAIT_EVENT_BUFFILE_READ
+#define WAIT_EVENT_NEON_LFC_TRUNCATE	WAIT_EVENT_BUFFILE_TRUNCATE
+#define WAIT_EVENT_NEON_LFC_WRITE		WAIT_EVENT_BUFFILE_WRITE
+#define WAIT_EVENT_NEON_PS_STARTING		PG_WAIT_EXTENSION
+#define WAIT_EVENT_NEON_PS_CONFIGURING	PG_WAIT_EXTENSION
+#define WAIT_EVENT_NEON_PS_SEND			PG_WAIT_EXTENSION
+#define WAIT_EVENT_NEON_PS_READ			PG_WAIT_EXTENSION
+#define WAIT_EVENT_NEON_WAL_DL			WAIT_EVENT_WAL_READ
+#endif
+
 extern void pg_init_libpagestore(void);
 extern void pg_init_walproposer(void);
 

pgxn/neon/neon_perf_counters.c

@@ -27,7 +27,8 @@ NeonPerfCountersShmemSize(void)
 {
 	Size		size = 0;
 
-	size = add_size(size, mul_size(MaxBackends, sizeof(neon_per_backend_counters)));
+	size = add_size(size, mul_size(NUM_NEON_PERF_COUNTER_SLOTS,
+								   sizeof(neon_per_backend_counters)));
 
 	return size;
 }
@@ -39,7 +40,7 @@ NeonPerfCountersShmemInit(void)
 
 	neon_per_backend_counters_shared =
 		ShmemInitStruct("Neon perf counters",
-						mul_size(MaxBackends,
+						mul_size(NUM_NEON_PERF_COUNTER_SLOTS,
 								 sizeof(neon_per_backend_counters)),
 						&found);
 	Assert(found == IsUnderPostmaster);
@@ -137,7 +138,7 @@ neon_perf_counters_to_metrics(neon_per_backend_counters *counters)
 	metrics[i].is_bucket = false;
 	metrics[i].value = (double) counters->pageserver_requests_sent_total;
 	i++;
-	metrics[i].name = "pageserver_requests_disconnects_total";
+	metrics[i].name = "pageserver_disconnects_total";
 	metrics[i].is_bucket = false;
 	metrics[i].value = (double) counters->pageserver_disconnects_total;
 	i++;
@@ -192,7 +193,7 @@ neon_get_backend_perf_counters(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	/* We put all the tuples into a tuplestore in one go. */
 	InitMaterializedSRF(fcinfo, 0);
 
-	for (int procno = 0; procno < MaxBackends; procno++)
+	for (int procno = 0; procno < NUM_NEON_PERF_COUNTER_SLOTS; procno++)
 	{
 		PGPROC	   *proc = GetPGProcByNumber(procno);
 		int			pid = proc->pid;
@@ -231,7 +232,7 @@ neon_get_perf_counters(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	InitMaterializedSRF(fcinfo, 0);
 
 	/* Aggregate the counters across all backends */
-	for (int procno = 0; procno < MaxBackends; procno++)
+	for (int procno = 0; procno < NUM_NEON_PERF_COUNTER_SLOTS; procno++)
 	{
 		neon_per_backend_counters *counters = &neon_per_backend_counters_shared[procno];
 

pgxn/neon/neon_perf_counters.h

@@ -96,6 +96,14 @@ typedef struct
 /* Pointer to the shared memory array of neon_per_backend_counters structs */
 extern neon_per_backend_counters *neon_per_backend_counters_shared;
 
+/*
+ * Size of the perf counters array in shared memory. One slot for each backend
+ * and aux process. IOW one for each PGPROC slot, except for slots reserved
+ * for prepared transactions, because they're not real processes and cannot do
+ * I/O.
+ */
+#define NUM_NEON_PERF_COUNTER_SLOTS (MaxBackends + NUM_AUXILIARY_PROCS)
+
 #if PG_VERSION_NUM >= 170000
 #define MyNeonCounters (&neon_per_backend_counters_shared[MyProcNumber])
 #else

pgxn/neon/pagestore_smgr.c

@@ -803,15 +803,19 @@ prefetch_register_bufferv(BufferTag tag, neon_request_lsns *frlsns,
 						  bool is_prefetch)
 {
 	uint64		min_ring_index;
-	PrefetchRequest req;
+	PrefetchRequest hashkey;
 #if USE_ASSERT_CHECKING
 	bool		any_hits = false;
 #endif
 	/* We will never read further ahead than our buffer can store. */
 	nblocks = Max(1, Min(nblocks, readahead_buffer_size));
 
-	/* use an intermediate PrefetchRequest struct to ensure correct alignment */
-	req.buftag = tag;
+	/*
+	 * Use an intermediate PrefetchRequest struct as the hash key to ensure
+	 * correct alignment and that the padding bytes are cleared.
+	 */
+	memset(&hashkey.buftag, 0, sizeof(BufferTag));
+	hashkey.buftag = tag;
 
 Retry:
 	min_ring_index = UINT64_MAX;
@@ -837,8 +841,8 @@ Retry:
 		slot = NULL;
 		entry = NULL;
 
-		req.buftag.blockNum = tag.blockNum + i;
-		entry = prfh_lookup(MyPState->prf_hash, (PrefetchRequest *) &req);
+		hashkey.buftag.blockNum = tag.blockNum + i;
+		entry = prfh_lookup(MyPState->prf_hash, &hashkey);
 
 		if (entry != NULL)
 		{
@@ -849,7 +853,7 @@ Retry:
 			Assert(slot->status != PRFS_UNUSED);
 			Assert(MyPState->ring_last <= ring_index &&
 				   ring_index < MyPState->ring_unused);
-			Assert(BUFFERTAGS_EQUAL(slot->buftag, req.buftag));
+			Assert(BUFFERTAGS_EQUAL(slot->buftag, hashkey.buftag));
 
 			/*
 			 * If the caller specified a request LSN to use, only accept
@@ -886,12 +890,19 @@ Retry:
 				{
 					min_ring_index = Min(min_ring_index, ring_index);
 					/* The buffered request is good enough, return that index */
-					pgBufferUsage.prefetch.duplicates++;
+					if (is_prefetch)
+						pgBufferUsage.prefetch.duplicates++;
+					else
+						pgBufferUsage.prefetch.hits++;
 					continue;
 				}
 			}
 		}
-
+		else if (!is_prefetch)
+		{
+			pgBufferUsage.prefetch.misses += 1;
+			MyNeonCounters->getpage_prefetch_misses_total++;
+		}
 		/*
 		 * We can only leave the block above by finding that there's
 		 * no entry that can satisfy this request, either because there
@@ -974,7 +985,7 @@ Retry:
 		 * We must update the slot data before insertion, because the hash
 		 * function reads the buffer tag from the slot.
 		 */
-		slot->buftag = req.buftag;
+		slot->buftag = hashkey.buftag;
 		slot->shard_no = get_shard_number(&tag);
 		slot->my_ring_index = ring_index;
 
@@ -1773,6 +1784,20 @@ neon_init(void)
 	if (MyPState != NULL)
 		return;
 
+	/*
+	 * Sanity check that theperf counters array is sized correctly. We got
+	 * this wrong once, and the formula for max number of backends and aux
+	 * processes might well change in the future, so better safe than sorry.
+	 * This is a very cheap check so we do it even without assertions.  On
+	 * v14, this gets called before initializing MyProc, so we cannot perform
+	 * the check here. That's OK, we don't expect the logic to change in old
+	 * releases.
+	 */
+#if PG_VERSION_NUM>=150000
+	if (MyNeonCounters >= &neon_per_backend_counters_shared[NUM_NEON_PERF_COUNTER_SLOTS])
+		elog(ERROR, "MyNeonCounters points past end of array");
+#endif
+
 	prfs_size = offsetof(PrefetchState, prf_buffer) +
 		sizeof(PrefetchRequest) * readahead_buffer_size;
 
@@ -2728,14 +2753,19 @@ neon_read_at_lsnv(NRelFileInfo rinfo, ForkNumber forkNum, BlockNumber base_block
 	uint64		ring_index;
 	PrfHashEntry *entry;
 	PrefetchRequest *slot;
-	BufferTag	buftag = {0};
+	PrefetchRequest hashkey;
 
 	Assert(PointerIsValid(request_lsns));
 	Assert(nblocks >= 1);
 
-	CopyNRelFileInfoToBufTag(buftag, rinfo);
-	buftag.forkNum = forkNum;
-	buftag.blockNum = base_blockno;
+	/*
+	 * Use an intermediate PrefetchRequest struct as the hash key to ensure
+	 * correct alignment and that the padding bytes are cleared.
+	 */
+	memset(&hashkey.buftag, 0, sizeof(BufferTag));
+	CopyNRelFileInfoToBufTag(hashkey.buftag, rinfo);
+	hashkey.buftag.forkNum = forkNum;
+	hashkey.buftag.blockNum = base_blockno;
 
 	/*
 	 * The redo process does not lock pages that it needs to replay but are
@@ -2753,7 +2783,7 @@ neon_read_at_lsnv(NRelFileInfo rinfo, ForkNumber forkNum, BlockNumber base_block
 	 * weren't for the behaviour of the LwLsn cache that uses the highest
 	 * value of the LwLsn cache when the entry is not found.
 	 */
-	prefetch_register_bufferv(buftag, request_lsns, nblocks, mask, false);
+	prefetch_register_bufferv(hashkey.buftag, request_lsns, nblocks, mask, false);
 
 	for (int i = 0; i < nblocks; i++)
 	{
@@ -2774,8 +2804,8 @@ neon_read_at_lsnv(NRelFileInfo rinfo, ForkNumber forkNum, BlockNumber base_block
 		 * Try to find prefetched page in the list of received pages.
 		 */
 Retry:
-		buftag.blockNum = blockno;
-		entry = prfh_lookup(MyPState->prf_hash, (PrefetchRequest *) &buftag);
+		hashkey.buftag.blockNum = blockno;
+		entry = prfh_lookup(MyPState->prf_hash, &hashkey);
 
 		if (entry != NULL)
 		{
@@ -2783,7 +2813,6 @@ Retry:
 			if (neon_prefetch_response_usable(reqlsns, slot))
 			{
 				ring_index = slot->my_ring_index;
-				pgBufferUsage.prefetch.hits += 1;
 			}
 			else
 			{
@@ -2813,10 +2842,7 @@ Retry:
 		{
 			if (entry == NULL)
 			{
-				pgBufferUsage.prefetch.misses += 1;
-				MyNeonCounters->getpage_prefetch_misses_total++;
-
-				ring_index = prefetch_register_bufferv(buftag, reqlsns, 1, NULL, false);
+				ring_index = prefetch_register_bufferv(hashkey.buftag, reqlsns, 1, NULL, false);
 				Assert(ring_index != UINT64_MAX);
 				slot = GetPrfSlot(ring_index);
 			}
@@ -2841,8 +2867,8 @@ Retry:
 		} while (!prefetch_wait_for(ring_index));
 
 		Assert(slot->status == PRFS_RECEIVED);
-		Assert(memcmp(&buftag, &slot->buftag, sizeof(BufferTag)) == 0);
-		Assert(buftag.blockNum == base_blockno + i);
+		Assert(memcmp(&hashkey.buftag, &slot->buftag, sizeof(BufferTag)) == 0);
+		Assert(hashkey.buftag.blockNum == base_blockno + i);
 
 		resp = slot->response;
 
@@ -3045,6 +3071,9 @@ neon_readv(SMgrRelation reln, ForkNumber forknum, BlockNumber blocknum,
 	lfc_result = lfc_readv_select(InfoFromSMgrRel(reln), forknum, blocknum, buffers,
 								  nblocks, read);
 
+	if (lfc_result > 0)
+		MyNeonCounters->file_cache_hits_total += lfc_result;
+
 	/* Read all blocks from LFC, so we're done */
 	if (lfc_result == nblocks)
 		return;

pgxn/neon/walproposer.c

@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ WalProposerPoll(WalProposer *wp)
 		rc = wp->api.wait_event_set(wp, timeout, &sk, &events);
 
 		/* Exit loop if latch is set (we got new WAL) */
-		if ((rc == 1 && events & WL_LATCH_SET))
+		if (rc == 1 && (events & WL_LATCH_SET))
 			break;
 
 		/*

pgxn/neon/walproposer_pg.c

@@ -422,6 +422,9 @@ backpressure_throttling_impl(void)
 	TimestampTz start,
 				stop;
 	bool		retry = false;
+	char	   *new_status = NULL;
+	const char *old_status;
+	int			len;
 
 	if (PointerIsValid(PrevProcessInterruptsCallback))
 		retry = PrevProcessInterruptsCallback();
@@ -442,14 +445,24 @@ backpressure_throttling_impl(void)
 	if (lag == 0)
 		return retry;
 
-	/* Suspend writers until replicas catch up */
-	set_ps_display("backpressure throttling");
+
+	old_status = get_ps_display(&len);
+	new_status = (char *) palloc(len + 64 + 1);
+	memcpy(new_status, old_status, len);
+	snprintf(new_status + len, 64, "backpressure throttling: lag %lu", lag);
+	set_ps_display(new_status);
+	new_status[len] = '\0'; /* truncate off " backpressure ..." to later reset the ps */
 
 	elog(DEBUG2, "backpressure throttling: lag %lu", lag);
 	start = GetCurrentTimestamp();
 	pg_usleep(BACK_PRESSURE_DELAY);
 	stop = GetCurrentTimestamp();
 	pg_atomic_add_fetch_u64(&walprop_shared->backpressureThrottlingTime, stop - start);
+
+	/* Reset ps display */
+	set_ps_display(new_status);
+	pfree(new_status);
+
 	return true;
 }
 
@@ -1473,11 +1486,33 @@ walprop_pg_wal_read(Safekeeper *sk, char *buf, XLogRecPtr startptr, Size count,
 {
 	NeonWALReadResult res;
 
-	res = NeonWALRead(sk->xlogreader,
-					  buf,
-					  startptr,
-					  count,
-					  walprop_pg_get_timeline_id());
+#if PG_MAJORVERSION_NUM >= 17
+	if (!sk->wp->config->syncSafekeepers)
+	{
+		Size	rbytes;
+		rbytes = WALReadFromBuffers(buf, startptr, count,
+									walprop_pg_get_timeline_id());
+
+		startptr += rbytes;
+		count -= rbytes;
+	}
+#endif
+
+	if (count == 0)
+	{
+		res = NEON_WALREAD_SUCCESS;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		Assert(count > 0);
+
+		/* Now read the remaining WAL from the WAL file */
+		res = NeonWALRead(sk->xlogreader,
+						  buf,
+						  startptr,
+						  count,
+						  walprop_pg_get_timeline_id());
+	}
 
 	if (res == NEON_WALREAD_SUCCESS)
 	{
@@ -1779,7 +1814,7 @@ walprop_pg_wait_event_set(WalProposer *wp, long timeout, Safekeeper **sk, uint32
 	 * If wait is terminated by latch set (walsenders' latch is set on each
 	 * wal flush). (no need for pm death check due to WL_EXIT_ON_PM_DEATH)
 	 */
-	if ((rc == 1 && event.events & WL_LATCH_SET) || late_cv_trigger)
+	if ((rc == 1 && (event.events & WL_LATCH_SET)) || late_cv_trigger)
 	{
 		/* Reset our latch */
 		ResetLatch(MyLatch);
@@ -1791,7 +1826,7 @@ walprop_pg_wait_event_set(WalProposer *wp, long timeout, Safekeeper **sk, uint32
 	 * If the event contains something about the socket, it means we got an
 	 * event from a safekeeper socket.
 	 */
-	if (rc == 1 && (event.events & (WL_SOCKET_MASK)))
+	if (rc == 1 && (event.events & WL_SOCKET_MASK))
 	{
 		*sk = (Safekeeper *) event.user_data;
 		*events = event.events;

pgxn/neon/walsender_hooks.c

@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ NeonWALPageRead(
 							  WL_LATCH_SET | WL_EXIT_ON_PM_DEATH | reader_events,
 							  sock,
 							  timeout_ms,
-							  WAIT_EVENT_WAL_SENDER_MAIN);
+							  WAIT_EVENT_NEON_WAL_DL);
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -191,13 +191,14 @@ NeonOnDemandXLogReaderRoutines(XLogReaderRoutine *xlr)
 
 	if (!wal_reader)
 	{
-		XLogRecPtr	epochStartLsn = pg_atomic_read_u64(&GetWalpropShmemState()->propEpochStartLsn);
+		XLogRecPtr	basebackupLsn = GetRedoStartLsn();
 
-		if (epochStartLsn == 0)
+		/* should never happen */
+		if (basebackupLsn == 0)
 		{
-			elog(ERROR, "Unable to start walsender when propEpochStartLsn is 0!");
+			elog(ERROR, "unable to start walsender when basebackupLsn is 0");
 		}
-		wal_reader = NeonWALReaderAllocate(wal_segment_size, epochStartLsn, "[walsender] ");
+		wal_reader = NeonWALReaderAllocate(wal_segment_size, basebackupLsn, "[walsender] ");
 	}
 	xlr->page_read = NeonWALPageRead;
 	xlr->segment_open = NeonWALReadSegmentOpen;

poetry.lock

@@ -2064,73 +2064,80 @@ test = ["enum34", "ipaddress", "mock", "pywin32", "wmi"]
 
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 [[package]]
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@@ -2702,13 +2708,13 @@ files = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "requests"
-version = "2.32.0"
+version = "2.32.3"
 description = "Python HTTP for Humans."
 optional = false
 python-versions = ">=3.8"
 files = [
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 ]
 
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@@ -3378,4 +3374,4 @@ cffi = ["cffi (>=1.11)"]
 [metadata]
 lock-version = "2.0"
 python-versions = "^3.9"
-content-hash = "c09bcb333ab550958b33dbf4fec968c500d8e701fd4c96402cddbd9bb8048055"
+content-hash = "9055b73352f1534f664cd8af6ebf8d93cf3bf857f115756f312ff2e3ae1bbbc1"

proxy/Cargo.toml

@@ -24,12 +24,12 @@ bytes = { workspace = true, features = ["serde"] }
 camino.workspace = true
 chrono.workspace = true
 clap.workspace = true
+compute_api.workspace = true
 consumption_metrics.workspace = true
 dashmap.workspace = true
 env_logger.workspace = true
 framed-websockets.workspace = true
 futures.workspace = true
-git-version.workspace = true
 hashbrown.workspace = true
 hashlink.workspace = true
 hex.workspace = true
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ hostname.workspace = true
 http.workspace = true
 humantime.workspace = true
 humantime-serde.workspace = true
-hyper.workspace = true
+hyper0.workspace = true
 hyper1 = { package = "hyper", version = "1.2", features = ["server"] }
 hyper-util = { version = "0.1", features = ["server", "http1", "http2", "tokio"] }
 http-body-util = { version = "0.1" }
@@ -82,7 +82,6 @@ tokio-postgres-rustls.workspace = true
 tokio-rustls.workspace = true
 tokio-util.workspace = true
 tokio = { workspace = true, features = ["signal"] }
-tracing-opentelemetry.workspace = true
 tracing-subscriber.workspace = true
 tracing-utils.workspace = true
 tracing.workspace = true

proxy/src/auth/backend/classic.rs

@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@ use crate::{
     auth::{self, backend::ComputeCredentialKeys, AuthFlow},
     compute,
     config::AuthenticationConfig,
-    console::AuthSecret,
     context::RequestMonitoring,
+    control_plane::AuthSecret,
     sasl,
     stream::{PqStream, Stream},
 };

proxy/src/auth/backend/console_redirect.rs

@@ -1,18 +1,24 @@
 use crate::{
-    auth, compute,
+    auth,
+    cache::Cached,
+    compute,
     config::AuthenticationConfig,
-    console::{self, provider::NodeInfo},
     context::RequestMonitoring,
+    control_plane::{self, provider::NodeInfo, CachedNodeInfo},
     error::{ReportableError, UserFacingError},
+    proxy::connect_compute::ComputeConnectBackend,
     stream::PqStream,
     waiters,
 };
+use async_trait::async_trait;
 use pq_proto::BeMessage as Be;
 use thiserror::Error;
 use tokio::io::{AsyncRead, AsyncWrite};
 use tokio_postgres::config::SslMode;
 use tracing::{info, info_span};
 
+use super::ComputeCredentialKeys;
+
 #[derive(Debug, Error)]
 pub(crate) enum WebAuthError {
     #[error(transparent)]
@@ -25,6 +31,11 @@ pub(crate) enum WebAuthError {
     Io(#[from] std::io::Error),
 }
 
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct ConsoleRedirectBackend {
+    console_uri: reqwest::Url,
+}
+
 impl UserFacingError for WebAuthError {
     fn to_string_client(&self) -> String {
         "Internal error".to_string()
@@ -57,7 +68,40 @@ pub(crate) fn new_psql_session_id() -> String {
     hex::encode(rand::random::<[u8; 8]>())
 }
 
-pub(super) async fn authenticate(
+impl ConsoleRedirectBackend {
+    pub fn new(console_uri: reqwest::Url) -> Self {
+        Self { console_uri }
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) async fn authenticate(
+        &self,
+        ctx: &RequestMonitoring,
+        auth_config: &'static AuthenticationConfig,
+        client: &mut PqStream<impl AsyncRead + AsyncWrite + Unpin>,
+    ) -> auth::Result<ConsoleRedirectNodeInfo> {
+        authenticate(ctx, auth_config, &self.console_uri, client)
+            .await
+            .map(ConsoleRedirectNodeInfo)
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct ConsoleRedirectNodeInfo(pub(super) NodeInfo);
+
+#[async_trait]
+impl ComputeConnectBackend for ConsoleRedirectNodeInfo {
+    async fn wake_compute(
+        &self,
+        _ctx: &RequestMonitoring,
+    ) -> Result<CachedNodeInfo, control_plane::errors::WakeComputeError> {
+        Ok(Cached::new_uncached(self.0.clone()))
+    }
+
+    fn get_keys(&self) -> &ComputeCredentialKeys {
+        &ComputeCredentialKeys::None
+    }
+}
+
+async fn authenticate(
     ctx: &RequestMonitoring,
     auth_config: &'static AuthenticationConfig,
     link_uri: &reqwest::Url,
@@ -70,7 +114,7 @@ pub(super) async fn authenticate(
     let (psql_session_id, waiter) = loop {
         let psql_session_id = new_psql_session_id();
 
-        match console::mgmt::get_waiter(&psql_session_id) {
+        match control_plane::mgmt::get_waiter(&psql_session_id) {
             Ok(waiter) => break (psql_session_id, waiter),
             Err(_e) => continue,
         }
@@ -89,7 +133,12 @@ pub(super) async fn authenticate(
 
     // Wait for web console response (see `mgmt`).
     info!(parent: &span, "waiting for console's reply...");
-    let db_info = waiter.await.map_err(WebAuthError::from)?;
+    let db_info = tokio::time::timeout(auth_config.webauth_confirmation_timeout, waiter)
+        .await
+        .map_err(|_elapsed| {
+            auth::AuthError::confirmation_timeout(auth_config.webauth_confirmation_timeout.into())
+        })?
+        .map_err(WebAuthError::from)?;
 
     if auth_config.ip_allowlist_check_enabled {
         if let Some(allowed_ips) = &db_info.allowed_ips {